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Journal articles on the topic 'Periocular skin cancer'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Moran, Joshua M., and Paul O. Phelps. "Periocular skin cancer: Diagnosis and management." Disease-a-Month 66, no. 10 (October 2020): 101046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.disamonth.2020.101046.

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2

Perry, Julian D., Sara C. Polito, Rao V. Chundury, Arun D. Singh, Michael A. Fritz, Allison T. Vidimos, Brian R. Gastman, and Shlomo A. Koyfman. "Periocular Skin Cancer in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients." Ophthalmology 123, no. 1 (January 2016): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.09.030.

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3

Carniciu, Anaïs L., Nina Jovanovic, and Alon Kahana. "Eyelid Complications Associated with Surgery for Periocular Cutaneous Malignancies." Facial Plastic Surgery 36, no. 02 (April 2020): 166–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1709515.

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AbstractPeriocular skin is highly prone to malignancies, especially basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas. Because of the complex anatomy and eye-protecting functions of the periocular tissues, treatment of these cancers requires special considerations. Mohs micrographic surgery is usually the treatment of choice, whenever possible, in order to enhance margin control while limiting collateral damage to nearby normal structures. Cancer excision, whether by Mohs or other techniques, will leave a complex defect that requires careful anatomical and functional reconstruction. This study presents some of the challenges of treating periocular skin cancer and associated reconstructive surgery and provides an intellectual framework for addressing these challenges. The key topics are adherence to anatomical landmarks and aesthetic units, proper distribution of tension, and matching the correct reconstructive approach, that is, type of flap or graft, to the defect at hand. This review is not meant to be exhaustive, but it will provide both basic and advanced considerations.
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4

Ault, Alicia. "BCC Is Most Common Form Of Periocular Skin Cancer." Skin & Allergy News 40, no. 7 (July 2009): 18–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0037-6337(09)70321-3.

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5

Turkmen, Arif, Metin Temel, Ayla Gokce, and Mehmet Bekerecioglu. "Orbital exenteration for the treatment of advanced periocular skin cancer." European Journal of Plastic Surgery 36, no. 2 (September 9, 2012): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00238-012-0759-2.

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6

Scofield-Kaplan, Stacy M., Colette Jackson, Troy Gurney, Emma McDonnell, and Ronald Mancini. "Predictive Value of Preoperative Periocular Skin Cancer Measurements for Final Mohs Defect Size." Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 35, no. 6 (2019): 604–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/iop.0000000000001421.

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7

Patel, Sagar, and Kamel Itani. "Review of Eyelid Reconstruction Techniques after Mohs Surgery." Seminars in Plastic Surgery 32, no. 02 (May 2018): 095–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642058.

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AbstractMohs micrographic surgery achieves high cure rates while preserving healthy tissue making it the optimal treatment for skin cancer. The goals of eyelid reconstruction after Mohs surgery include restoring eyelid structure and function while attaining acceptable aesthetic results. Given the variety of eyelid defects encountered after Mohs surgery, a thorough understanding of the complex eyelid anatomy as well as an in-depth knowledge of the numerous reconstructive techniques available are required to accomplish these reconstructive goals. In this article, the authors review eyelid anatomy and discuss a variety of techniques used for the reconstruction of defects involving the periocular region.
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Prídavková, Zuzana, Anna Bieliková, Nina Ferková, and Daryna Lysková. "Recurrent Periocular Basal Cell Carcinoma. Case Report." Czech and Slovak Ophthalmology 77, no. 4 (August 15, 2021): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31348/2021/24.

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Aim: We present the management of a severe case of recurrent periocular basal cell carcinoma, orbital invasion and exenteration. Case report: The present case is of a recurrent basal cell carcinoma in a 84-year-old male presenting with non-healing lesion above right eyelid. A tumor excision was performed in May 2014. Histopathology revealed a basal cell carcinoma (dg. C44.1 ICD-10-CM) with positive margins. The re-excision of the lesion was performed. After two years, there was a local recurrence and orbital invasion. Indication for external curative radiation therapy. Plastic surgery of the upper eyelid. Orbital exenteration was indicated in January 2018. After another year, a recurrence of the tumor was once again noted. Histopathology revealed a basal cell carcinoma (dg. C44.1 (TNM 7, pMx, pNx, pTx)). The patient was indicated for external radiotherapy. There were no indications for biological treatment. After another year, a progression of the local finding was noted. Conclusion: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common non-melanoma skin cancer of the periocular region. Primary treatment of basal cell carcinoma is surgical. Advanced lesions require extensive surgical interventions and other available treatment modalities. In some cases, mutilating surgery – exenteration of the orbit is inevitable. Despite a relatively small percentage of invasive diseases today, advanced stages may still occur; either as a result of the patient's late presentation, inadequate initial therapy aimed at maintaining critical periorbital structures, or due to high tumor aggression. The case report highlights necessity of radical resection of primary tumor with histological examination.
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9

Martel, Arnaud, Sandra Lassalle, Alexandra Picard-Gauci, Lauris Gastaud, Henri Montaudie, Corine Bertolotto, Sacha Nahon-Esteve, Gilles Poissonnet, Paul Hofman, and Stephanie Baillif. "New Targeted Therapies and Immunotherapies for Locally Advanced Periocular Malignant Tumours: Towards a New ‘Eye-Sparing’ Paradigm?" Cancers 13, no. 11 (June 5, 2021): 2822. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13112822.

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The management of periocular skin malignant tumours is challenging. Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment for localised eyelid cancers. For more locally advanced cancers, especially those invading the orbit, orbital exenteration has long been considered the gold standard; however, it is a highly disfiguring and traumatic surgery. The last two decades have been marked by the emergence of a new paradigm shift towards the use of ‘eye-sparing’ strategies. In the early 2000s, the first step consisted of performing wide conservative eyelid and orbital excisions. Multiple flaps and grafts were needed, as well as adjuvant radiotherapy in selected cases. Although being incredibly attractive, several limitations such as the inability to treat the more posteriorly located orbital lesions, as well as unbearable diplopia, eye pain and even secondary eye loss were identified. Therefore, surgeons should distinguish ‘eye-sparing’ from ‘sight-sparing’ strategies. The second step emerged over the last decade and was based on the development of targeted therapies and immunotherapies. Their advantages include their potential ability to treat almost all tumours, regardless of their locations, without performing complex surgeries. However, several limitations have been reported, including their side effects, the appearance of primary or secondary resistances, their price and the lack of consensus on treatment regimen and exact duration. The aim of this article was to review the evolution of the management of locally advanced periocular malignant tumours over the last three decades and highlight the new paradigm shift towards the use of ‘eye-sparing’ strategies.
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10

Kovacevic, Predrag T., Milan M. Visnjic, Tatjana T. Kovacevic, Milan R. Radojkovic, and Mariola R. Stojanovic. "Extended orbital exenteration in the treatment of advanced periocular skin cancer with primary reconstruction with a galeacutaneous flap." Scandinavian Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery 43, no. 6 (January 2009): 325–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02844310903138963.

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11

van Leeuwen, Anne C., Ayleen The, Sanne E. Moolenburgh, Ellen R. M. de Haas, and Marc A. M. Mureau. "A Retrospective Review of Reconstructive Options and Outcomes of 202 Cases Large Facial Mohs Micrographic Surgical Defects, Based on the Aesthetic Unit Involved." Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 19, no. 6 (May 18, 2015): 580–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1203475415586665.

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Background: For optimal treatment of facial defects following Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS), the aesthetic unit principles should be applied. Often multiple staged procedures and revisions are necessary. Objective: To analyze the reconstructive options and outcomes for complex facial defects per aesthetic unit. Methods: Data of 202 patients, who underwent a facial reconstruction at the department of plastic and reconstructive surgery following MMS, were collected. Results: The central facial units were affected in more than 70%, with over 20% of the defects involving more than 1 unit. Nasal defects required the longest reconstruction time (3-staged forehead flap) and periocular defects the most revisional procedures. In more than 50%, additional operations (range, 1-5) were needed. In 12%, postoperative complications occurred. Conclusion: An overview for the reconstructive options of extensive facial skin cancer is presented. Proper treatment requires a structured multidisciplinary approach in order to achieve excellent tumour control and a satisfactory aesthetic and functional end result.
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12

Unsworth, Shelby P., Christina F. Tingle, Curtis J. Heisel, Emily A. Eton, Christopher A. Andrews, May P. Chan, Scott C. Bresler, and Alon Kahana. "Analysis of residual disease in periocular basal cell carcinoma following hedgehog pathway inhibition: Follow up to the VISORB trial." PLOS ONE 17, no. 12 (December 1, 2022): e0265212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265212.

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Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a common skin cancer caused by deregulated hedgehog signaling. BCC is often curable surgically; however, for orbital and periocular BCCs (opBCC), surgical excision may put visual function at risk. Our recent clinical trial highlighted the utility of vismodegib for preserving visual organs in opBCC patients: 67% of patients displayed a complete response histologically. However, further analysis of excision samples uncovered keratin positive, hedgehog active (Gli1 positive), proliferative micro-tumors. Sequencing of pre-treatment tumors revealed resistance conferring mutations present at low frequency. In addition, one patient with a low-frequency SMO W535L mutation recurred two years post study despite no clinical evidence of residual disease. Sequencing of this recurrent tumor revealed an enrichment for the SMO W535L mutation, revealing that vismodegib treatment enriched for resistant cells undetectable by traditional histology. In the age of targeted therapies, linking molecular genetic analysis to prospective clinical trials may be necessary to provide mechanistic understanding of clinical outcomes. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02436408.
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13

Putri, Mutia Arnisa, and Ibrahim. "Characteristics of Malignant Eyelid Basal Cell Carcinoma in Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital: A Retrospective Study." Sriwijaya Journal of Ophthalmology 5, no. 2 (June 21, 2022): 145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/sjo.v5i2.73.

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Introduction: Incidence rates of skin cancer have risen significantly over the last two decades. Most tumors develop in sun-exposed areas of the head and neck. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) rarely metastasizes but can cause significant morbidity and death due to direct spread to the orbit, head, and neck and frequent recurrence. In addition, approximately 40% of BCC patients have other lesions after 5 years. Although there has been a lot of epidemiological data regarding the characteristics of BCC in developed countries, reports of BCC in Asia, especially in Southern Sumatra, are still at a minimum rate. Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed the medical records specific to periocular BCC. Data were collected from the patient register book recorded from January 2021 to May 2022. The clinical characteristics of patients with BCC, such as gender and age, clinicopathological findings of BCC lesions, and BCC management, were reviewed retrospectively. This study aims to determine the epidemiological profile of the malignant eyelid BCC patient, the BCC lesion characteristics, and the management of BCC cases at Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang. Results: From 16 BCC patients recruited for this study, most of them were 51–60 years old and 71–80 years old, each with 5 patients (31.3%). The female preponderance of 56.3%. Occulus dextra (56.3%), lower eyelid (62.5%), T1 (87.5%), nodular BCC (75,0%), and primary lesion (75,0%) were the most side, periocular site, size, histopathological subtype and recurrence, respectively. Most therapy done is excision (93,8%), while the leading reconstructive technique was Tenzel’s flap (50,0%). Conclusion: There is a slight preponderance of females as BCC patients. BCC is commonly found in elderly people. The lower eyelid and right side are the most frequent anatomical locations. Nodular is the most common histological subtype. In addition, lesions often present in T1 size and primary lesions. Lastly, the treatment is mainly surgical (excision), with Tenzel's flap as the most used reconstruction technique option.
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14

Adil, Dehhaze, Echmili Mouad, Tazi Hanae, Tita Sara, Taybi Otmane, Diher Issam, Daghouri Nada-Imane, and Laabaci Rim. "Orbital Exenteration: Indications and Reconstruction Methods." SAS Journal of Surgery 8, no. 08 (August 5, 2022): 516–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sasjs.2022.v08i08.005.

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Orbital exenteration is a disfiguring surgery; its major indication is the treatment of extensive orbito-palpebral malignancies. The reconstruction of the residual cavity is a real challenge despite the different reconstruction techniques, especially on weakened terrain. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the clinical indications and reconstructive methods and outcomes with previously reported data. A retrospective study was conducted on five patients who underwent orbital exenteration surgery. Those cases were collected in the department of plastic, reconstructive and burns surgery at the Al kortobi Hospital in tangier (Morocco) between mars 2021 and June 2022. The main outcome measures were demographics surgery type, clear margins histologically, surgical complications and local recurrence. Five patients were included in this study, 3 men and 2 women with an average age of 75 years old (60 to 90 years old), mean follow up was 5 months. All patients presented with a tumor in the eyelid or periocular skin, diagnosis included basal cell carcinoma in three patients and squamous cell carcinoma in the other two. Total orbital exenteration was performed in all patients, the cavity was filled with a temporalis muscle flap in four cases and with a local flap (type LLL= dufourmental flap) in one case. Clear margins tumor was obtained in all cases and no complications or recurrence were seen so far. Adjuvant radiation therapy was conducted on three cases. Reflecting the literature on the subject, exenteration aims at local control of disease invading the orbit that is potentially fatal or relentlessly progressive. We have promoted reconstruction using the temporal muscle flap thanks to its advantages such as a single operative step thus reducing operative morbidity, good skin coverage, fast healing and fewer postoperative complications. In term of our study, orbital exenteration retains its place in orbito-palpebral cancer surgery, while the temporal .......
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15

Tchernev, Georgi, Torello Lotti, Ilia Lozev, Georgi Konstantinov Maximov, and Uwe Wollina. "Peri - and Intraocular Mutilating Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma: ʺMonsters Inside Your Bodyʺ?" Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 6, no. 1 (January 13, 2018): 132–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2018.013.

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Periocular malignancies represent between 5% and 10% of all types of skin cancers. The incidence of eyelid (but also the periocular located) malignancies seems to differ in distribution across the continents. The incidence of eyelid tumours (but also the periocular located tumours) in a predominantly white population determined that BCC is the most common malignant periocular eyelid tumour in whites. This finding has been replicated consistently throughout the literature, with BCC representing 85–95% of all eyelid malignancies, SCC representing 3.4 - 12.6%, Seb Ca representing 0.6 - 10.2%, and both melanoma and Merkel cell carcinoma representing less than 1%. Most periocular skin cancers are associated with ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure. Ultraviolet radiation causes local immune suppression, which, coupled with DNA abnormalities in tumour suppressor genes and oncogenes, leads to the development of skin cancers. We are presenting a 62 - year - old patient with a small nodule about 2 cm away from the lower lid of his left eye. A tumour was surgically treated. Several years later there was a tumour relapse, treated with radiotherapy and subsequent chemotherapy with Endoxan and Cisplatin. After the second relapse, he was treated surgically in general anaesthesia by orbital exenteration, removal of the orbital floor and resection of zygomatic bone and the maxillary sinus. A couple of months later, he developed a tumour relapse in the scars and the area of a primary tumour with tumour progression. A possible therapy with Cetuximab or radiation therapy was discussed as a possible treatment option.
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16

Berman, Abigail T., Ramesh Rengan, and Prabhakar Tripuraneni. "Radiotherapy for Eyelid, Periocular, and Periorbital Skin Cancers." International Ophthalmology Clinics 49, no. 4 (2009): 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/iio.0b013e3181b80580.

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17

AULT, ALICIA. "Periocular Skin Cancers Tend To Be Basal Cell Carcinoma." Family Practice News 39, no. 12 (June 2009): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0300-7073(09)70482-7.

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18

Virk, Sanjeet Kaur, April J. Fisher, Brian D. Fisher, and Alexis Rodriguez. "A Clinical Masquerader: Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Eyelid Previously Diagnosed as an Eye Bump." Canadian Journal of Optometry 81, no. 2 (May 30, 2019): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cjo.v81i2.436.

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Malignant eyelid tumors are often difficult to diagnose at early stage growth, and can be clinically challenging. Due to the high prevalence of periocular skin cancers, clinicians must be very attentive in their assessment of skin lesions amongst their patients. This case report highlights an early non-healing eyelid lesion transforming into squamous cell carcinoma. An 83-year-old male with no history of malignancy presented with a non-healing and rapidly growing lesion of the left lower eyelid. He first noticed this lesion one-month prior and was treated with oral antibiotics without improvement by his primary care provider. Our slit lamp examination of the left eyelid revealed a large ulcerated mass with white mucoid discharge draining from the center of the lesion. After an oculoplastics referral, the patient was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma confirmed by biopsy. Computed tomography(CT) showed no metastasis or invasion to deep layer tissue. The management decision in this case required exenteration of the left eye socket followed by radiation therapy. This case illustrates the clinical course and invasive nature of periocular squamous cell carcinoma. It can present in a variety of different appearances, but are mostly painless, hyperkeratotic lesions that progressively change and ulcerate. An extensive history and careful clinical examination are vital in order to detect malignancy in a timely manner.
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Fera Yunita Rodhiaty, Ika Kartika, and Ibrahim. "Comparison of BCL-2 Ecpression in Periocular Basal Cell Carcinoma Aggressive and Non-Aggressive Types in Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang." Sriwijaya Journal of Ophthalmology 1, no. 2 (December 18, 2018): 18–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/sjo.v1i2.40.

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Abstract Background: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a malignant tumor originating from non- keratinizing cells originating from the basal layer of the epidermis. Basal cell carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor, nearly 90% of all non-melanoma skin cancers. Clinically, BCC is difficult to distinguish, final diagnosis determined based on histopathological examination of complete tumor tissue. Based on histological growth patterns, BCC is divided into two, non- aggressive type (nodular and superficial) and aggressive type (infiltration, micronodular, fibroepithelial, basoskuamosa, keratotic, adnexal differentiation). The examination technique by analyzing the proteins or genes involved is related to the aggressiveness of basal cell carcinoma. Objective: This study was conducted to determine the comparison of expression of Bcl-2 in periocular basal type aggressive and non-aggressive carcinomas in dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. Methodology: A cross sectional analytic study from 26 periocular basal cell carcinoma patients in RSUP dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang, January 2014- June 2018. Histopathologic features were examined with hematoxylin-eosine staining and imunohistochemical were examined with Bcl-2 monoclonal antibody. Data were analyzed by bivariate analysis, using chi-square test and fisher exact test. Results: Positive Bcl-2 expression was more common in periocular basal cell carcinoma (93.8%) than aggressive (50%), and nodular type (93.8%) compared to other types of histological differentiation. Positive Bcl-2 expression was also higher in female patients (90.9%) than males (66.7%). There is a significant relationship between expression of Bcl-2 and growth patterns, differentiation of cell histology and also sex of patients with basal cell carcinoma. Conclusion: In this study, there was a significant correlation between expression of Bcl-2 and aggressive and non-aggressive periocular basal cell carcinoma in RSUP dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang.
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Flores, N. E., D. Liu, T. A. Mian, and F. Muratovic. "Periocular Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers: Outcome in 86 Cases Treated With High Dose Rate Electronic Brachytherapy." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 100, no. 5 (April 2018): 1338–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.12.084.

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Brodowski, Robert, Paweł Pakla, Mateusz Dymek, Małgorzata Migut, Miłosz Ambicki, Wojciech Stopyra, Dorota Ozga, and Bogumił Lewandowski. "Clinical-pathological characteristics of patients treated for cancers of the eyelid skin and periocular areas." Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine 28, no. 3 (October 2, 2018): 325–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17219/acem/78023.

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22

Flores, N. E., F. Muratovic, D. Liu, and T. A. Mian. "Periocular Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers: Outcome in 86 Cases Treated With High Dose Rate Electronic Brachytherapy." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 99, no. 2 (October 2017): E337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.1406.

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23

Abbas, Ozan Luay, and Huseyin Borman. "Basal Cell Carcinoma: A Single-Center Experience." ISRN Dermatology 2012 (December 22, 2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/246542.

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Background. Basal cell carcinoma comprises the vast majority of skin cancers. It predominantly affects fair-skinned individuals, and its incidence is rising rapidly. Etiology may be multifactorial, but sun exposure appears to play a critical role. When detected early, the prognosis is excellent. Thus appropriate diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance are of utmost importance. Methods. From January 1994 to May 2012, 518 basal cell carcinomas were excised in our clinic. Data were collected retrospectively. Results. During 18-year period, 518 BCCs were excised from 486 patients. Most of the patients were males with a median age of 65.6 years. Most of the basal cell carcinomas were located in the head region. Nodular histological subtype dominated our series. Six percent of the excised lesions required reexcision because of involved margins. Our recurrence rate was 6.94% with the nose and the periauricular and periocular regions being the most common sites of occurrence. Conclusion. Although there is relatively low attributable mortality, the morbidity and cost of treatment are significant. A large body of information serves as a foundation for oncologic principles, diagnosis methods, surgical excisions, follow-up protocols, and reconstructive methodologies that are currently in use. Surgical ablation remains the mainstay of treatment.
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Cham, Bill E. "Topical Curaderm<sup>BEC5</sup> Therapy for Periocular Nonmela-noma Skin Cancers: A Review of Clinical Outcomes." International Journal of Clinical Medicine 04, no. 05 (2013): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ijcm.2013.45041.

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25

Furdova, Alena, Karolina Kapitanova, Alexandra Kollarova, and Juraj Sekac. "Periocular basal cell carcinoma - clinical perspectives." Oncology Reviews 14, no. 1 (April 30, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/oncol.2020.420.

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Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) as a non-melanoma skin cancer type is the most common malignant tumor throughout the world. The incidence is higher in age over 60. The intense of exposure to ultraviolet radiation is one of the known risk factors. Over 50% of BCC of the periocular region initially occur on the lower lid and inner angle. Literature review of treatment options for basal cell carcinoma, which consist of surgery, or combined techniques plus vismodegib, radiotherapy and imiquimod. The first consideration for treatment of periocular BCC is radical surgical excision using Mohs micrographic technique. Functional and esthetic outcome in patients are important after clear excisions and reconstruction should be carefully considered. Radical exenteration is considered in the case of orbital invasion of high-risk aggressive BCC.
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Mehlan, Juliane, Julian Ueberschaar, K. Hagenström, C. Garbe, M. S. Spitzer, V. Druchkiv, and F. Schuettauf. "The use of HCT and/or ACE inhibitors significantly increases the risk of non-melanotic skin cancer in the periocular region." Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology, February 17, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00417-022-05576-y.

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Abstract Background/Aims To investigate a possible association between the use of hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) and/or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) and the occurrence of periocular non-melanoma skin cancer. Methods The files of 929 patients from the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf who were surgically treated for suspected periocular malignancy were evaluated retrospectively regarding the occurrence of non-melanoma skin cancer and concomitant medication. To be able to put the data in an overall context, we also analyzed age-matched routine data of the DAK-Gesundheit (DAK-G), a nationwide operating German health insurance company. Results Of the 929 patient records examined, who underwent surgical excision for suspected non-melanotic malignancy, non-melanocytic skin cancer could actually be determined by histology in 199 patients. In total, 176 patients (103 women, 72 men) had a basal cell carcinoma and 23 patients (16 women, 7 men) suffered from squamous cell carcinoma. The rate of intake of HCT or ACE inhibitors in our patient collective with non-melanotic skin cancer is significantly higher than in the general age-matched population (ORACE: 2.51, p < 0.001; ORHCT: 7.24, p < 0.001, ORBOTH: 4.61, p < 0.001). Conclusion The rate of intake of HCT or ACE inhibitors is significantly higher in our patient collective with non-melanotic skin cancer compared to the group from the age-matched general population (DAK insured (p < 0.001)) compared to the routine data of the DAK-G. This leads us to the conclusion that taking the medication is associated with an increased risk for non-melanotic skin cancer. We recommend regular skin cancer screening, moderate ordination of photosensitizing medication, but above all comprehensive clarification of possible risks.
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Shi, Kevin, Laura Wang, Divya Srivastava, and Rajiv I. Nijhawan. "Mohs micrographic surgery for periocular skin cancer: a single-institution experience." Archives of Dermatological Research, December 5, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00403-022-02481-6.

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28

Kinde, Benyam, Oluwatobi O. Idowu, Davin C. Ashraf, Rebecca M. Chen, Kristin E. Hirabayashi, Seanna R. Grob, Bryan J. Winn, Robert C. Kersten, and M. Reza Vagefi. "Quality-of-Life Outcomes for Excision and Reconstruction of Periocular Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer." Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine, July 2, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/fpsam.2020.0647.

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29

"Sebaceous Carcinoma: A Rare Extraocular Presentation of the Cheek." EMJ Dermatology, May 4, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33590/emj/19-00202.

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Sebaceous carcinoma is a rare and aggressive malignant cutaneous cancer that arises from the sebaceous gland epithelium. This type of cancer typically presents in the periocular area and is rarely expressed in the extraocular space. The estimated overall incidence rate is one to two per million people per year. Sebaceous carcinoma tends to carry a delay in diagnosis as its variability in presentation of histologic growth patterns and diverse clinical presentation causes it to frequently be mistaken for common benign entities. Here, the authors report a case of a rare extraocular sebaceous carcinoma presenting on the cheek of a 78-year-old Caucasian male and discuss commonly mistaken differential diagnoses and the standard approach to properly diagnose and manage this rare tumour. Dermatologic literature has limited reference to sebaceous carcinoma, because this is rarely seen in an extraocular location, thus this case report provides a primary dermatologic perspective on this rare and aggressive skin cancer.
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Vega Yanelda, Garcia, and Anasagasti Angulo Lorenzo. "Retrospective Study of Periocular Non Melanoma Skin Cancer Treated with the Combination of IFN alpha2b and Gamma (HeberPAG)." Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology 06, no. 05 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2155-9570.1000478.

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Avallone, Gianluca, Martina Merli, Carmen Dell'Aquila, Pietro Quaglino, Simone Ribero, Iris Zalaudek, and Claudio Conforti. "Imiquimod‐side effects in the treatment of periocular skin cancers: A review of the literature." Dermatologic Therapy 35, no. 4 (January 31, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dth.15326.

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