Journal articles on the topic 'Pericardial glands'
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1
Marcaillou, C., and M. Martoja. "Capture de macromolécules par les cellules péricardiques et rénales de la moule, Mytilus edulis L." Canadian Journal of Zoology 68, no. 9 (September 1, 1990): 1866–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z90-266.
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The uptake of particles (colloidal gold, Thorotrast, ferritin) and hemoprotein tracers (catalase, horseradish peroxidase, microperoxidase) by pericardial glands and kidney was studied in Mytilus edulis L. Molecules smaller than 10 nm are taken up rapidly in large amounts by the pericardial cells from blood and pericardial fluid. These observations suggest that pericardial glands may be involved in ultrafiltration and reabsorption. Molecules of 6 nm are taken up only by the apex of the nephrocytes and their uptake is restricted.
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Tao, Ye, Jianbo Wang, Tsuyoshi Tokusumi, Kathleen Gajewski, and Robert A. Schulz. "Requirement of the LIM Homeodomain Transcription Factor Tailup for Normal Heart and Hematopoietic Organ Formation in Drosophila melanogaster." Molecular and Cellular Biology 27, no. 11 (March 19, 2007): 3962–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.00093-07.
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ABSTRACT Dorsal vessel morphogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster serves as a superb system with which to study the cellular and genetic bases of heart tube formation. We used a cardioblast-expressed Toll-GFP transgene to screen for additional genes involved in heart development and identified tailup as a locus essential for normal dorsal vessel formation. tailup, related to vertebrate islet1, encodes a LIM homeodomain transcription factor expressed in all cardioblasts and pericardial cells of the heart tube as well as in associated lymph gland hematopoietic organs and alary muscles that attach the dorsal vessel to the epidermis. A transcriptional enhancer regulating expression in these four cell types was identified and used as a tailup-GFP transgene with additional markers to characterize dorsal vessel defects resulting from gene mutations. Two reproducible phenotypes were observed in mutant embryos: hypoplastic heart tubes with misaligned cardioblasts and the absence of most lymph gland and pericardial cells. Conversely, a significant expansion of the lymph glands and abnormal morphology of the heart were observed when tailup was overexpressed in the mesoderm. Tailup was shown to bind to two DNA recognition sequences in the dorsal vessel enhancer of the Hand basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor gene, with one site proven to be essential for the lymph gland, pericardial cell, and Svp/Doc cardioblast expression of Hand. Together, these results establish Tailup as being a critical new transcription factor in dorsal vessel morphogenesis and lymph gland formation and place this regulator directly upstream of Hand in these developmental processes.
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Giamberini, Laure, and Jean-Claude Pihan. "The pericardial glands of the zebra mussel: Ultrastructure and implication in lead detoxication process." Biology of the Cell 86, no. 1 (1996): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1768-322x.1996.tb00956.x.
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Christie, A. E., P. Skiebe, and E. Marder. "Matrix of neuromodulators in neurosecretory structures of the crab Cancer borealis." Journal of Experimental Biology 198, no. 12 (December 1, 1995): 2431–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.198.12.2431.
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The crustacean stomatogastric ganglion, which is situated in the ophthalmic artery, can be modulated by both intrinsically released molecules and hormones. In the crab Cancer borealis, over a dozen neuroactive compounds have been identified in the input axons that project into the stomatogastric neuropil. However, little is known about the modulator content of the two major neurohemal organs, the sinus glands and the pericardial organs, in this crab. We now report the results of a series of immunocytochemical experiments designed to identify putative neurohormones in these tissues. We find that the majority of modulators present in the input axons of the stomatogastric ganglion are also present in at least one of the neurohemal organs. Specifically, allatostatin-like, buccalin-like, cholecystokinin-like, FLRFamide-like, GABA-like, locustatachykinin-like, myomodulin-like, proctolin-like, red pigment concentrating hormone-like and serotonin-like immunoreactivities are all present in both the stomatogastric neuropil and at least one of the neurohemal organs. Thus, these substances are likely to serve a dual role as both local and hormonal modulators of the stomatogastric network. Two other substances, beta-pigment dispersing hormone and crustacean cardioactive peptide, are not present in the stomatogastric neuropil, but beta-pigment dispersing hormone immunoreactivity is present in the sinus glands and crustacean cardioactive peptide immunoreactivity is present in the pericardial organs. It is likely that crustacean cardioactive peptide exerts its influence on the stomatogastric neural circuit via hormonal pathways. Double-labeling experiments show that the patterns of modulator co-localization present in the stomatogastric neuropil are different from those in the neurosecretory organs, suggesting that few rules of colocalization hold across these tissues.
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Gibson-Corley, Katherine N., and Joseph S. Haynes. "Disseminated T-cell lymphoma in a bonobo (Pan paniscus)." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 24, no. 1 (December 6, 2011): 238–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1040638711427175.
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Disseminated lymphoma was diagnosed in an 8-year-old male bonobo ( Pan paniscus). The male bonobo presented with a 4–6 week history of dyspnea and facial swelling around the eyes; thoracic radiographs and computed tomography scan indicated a craniodorsal mediastinal soft tissue mass. Upon gross examination, there was a large, cream to white mass expanding the mediastinum and pericardial sac. The mass extended along the thoracic aorta and cranial vena cava, through the thoracic inlet, along and encircling the trachea, and bilaterally into the thyroid glands. Microscopically, neoplastic lymphocytes were present in the thymus, trachea, lungs, kidney, heart, and numerous other tissues. Immunohistochemical staining of neoplastic lymphocytes revealed diffuse immunoreactivity for cluster of differentiation (CD)3 indicating T-cell lymphoma. Routine viral screening was negative via polymerase chain reaction.
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Stark, K. A., G. H. Yee, C. E. Roote, E. L. Williams, S. Zusman, and R. O. Hynes. "A novel alpha integrin subunit associates with betaPS and functions in tissue morphogenesis and movement during Drosophila development." Development 124, no. 22 (November 15, 1997): 4583–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.124.22.4583.
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We have identified a novel alpha integrin subunit in Drosophila, that associates with betaPS integrin. We report the temporal expression of the gene encoding this integrin subunit, which we have called alphaPS3, throughout development and the localization of its expression during embryogenesis. AlphaPS3 RNA was localized to tissues undergoing invagination, tissue movement and morphogenesis such as salivary gland, trachea, midgut, dorsal vessel, midline of the ventral nerve cord, amnioserosa and the amnioproctodeal invagination. AlphaPS3 DNA localized to the chromosomal vicinity of scab (scb), previously identified by a failure of dorsal closure. Embryos homozygous for the 119 allele of scb had no detectable alphaPS3 RNA and the 1035 allele of scb contains a Pelement inserted just 5′ of the coding region for the shorter of the gene's two transcripts. Furthermore, mutations in the scb locus exhibit additional defects corresponding to sites of alphaPS3 transcription, including abnormal salivary glands, mislocalization of the pericardial cells and interrupted trachea. Removal of both maternal and zygotic betaPS produced similar defects, indicating that these two integrin subunits associate in vivo and function in the movement and morphogenesis of tissues during development in Drosophila. Phenotypic similarities suggest that laminin A is a potential ligand for this integrin, at least in some tissues.
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Arunkumar, Chingakham. "A study of cardiovascular manifestations of thyroid disorders." MedPulse International Journal of Medicine 11, no. 2 (2021): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.26611/102111218.
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Background: Dysfunction and anatomic abnormalities of the thyroid gland are among the most common diseases of the endocrine glands. The study has been undertaken with the aim to assess the different cardiovascular manifestations in patients of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in Manipur and find out any correlation of it with age, sex, type of thyroid disorder and BMI. Materials and Method: The study was a cross sectional study of patients who were diagnosed as hypothyroid or hyperthyroid in the Department of Medicine, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences(RIMS), Imphal, Manipur. Clinical parameters including history and clinical examination were recorded including thyroid function testing, ECG, chest X-ray, trans-thoracic echocardiography. Results: Among 59 patients of thyroid disorder studied, 38 patients were found to be hypothyroid and 21 patients hyperthyroid. The average BMI in hypothyroid patient was 27.25. The average BMI in hyperthyroid patients was 25.41 which were lower than hypothyroid. Diastolic hypertension was found in 44.7% of hypothyroid patients. Sinus bradycardia and sinus tachycardia were the most common ECG findings in hypothyroid and hyperthyroid patients respectively. 15.8% had cardiomegaly on chest x-ray in hypothyroid patients while 9.5% had cardiomegaly in hyperthyroid patients. On echocardiographic evaluation, 13.1% and 9.5% had pericardial effusion in hypothyroid and hyperthyroid groups respectively.
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Ugnivenko, A. N., and U. I. Tokar. "Особливості жирової тканини і внутрішніх органів у бичків, що мають різну скороспілість росту." Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 7, no. 4 (November 28, 2017): 106–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2017_92.
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<p>Data on fat tissue distribution by various fat deposits as well as internal organs of the bulls of Ukrainian beef breed at 22,5 months of age with different growth rates have been presented in the article. Growth rate was estimated by average daily gain from 8 to 12 months of age. Depending on the growth rates, the bulls were divided into fast growing group (with average daily gains exceeding 1090 g, averaged 1207 g) and slow growing group (below 1090 g/day, averaged 1015 g). It has been proved that the lowest percentage from the total amount of fat was attributed to pericardial fat tissue and intramuscular fat tissue, the highest - to intestines, omentum and skin. Cattle with relatively higher daily gains had higher ability to accumulate raw fat by 4,5%, including pericardial fat – in 2 times, perinephric fat – by 4,5%, intestinal fat – by 10,6% and intramuscular fat – by 24%. Weight of animal organs and body parts, such as head, internal organs etc. can be considered as a factor that determine slaughter percentage. Cattle with higher rates of gain have the tendency to have higher fat output from the carcass by 5.8% and lower weight of head (by 9,6 %), lungs (by 12,5 %), and internal secretion glands, including testicles (by 8,9 %). For the effective beef production, the bulls with lower rates of gain from 8 to 12 months of age are better suited, because they are relatively taller, which indicates higher rate of metabolism, and lower predispose to fat accumulation.</p>
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Moore, A. W., L. McInnes, J. Kreidberg, N. D. Hastie, and A. Schedl. "YAC complementation shows a requirement for Wt1 in the development of epicardium, adrenal gland and throughout nephrogenesis." Development 126, no. 9 (May 1, 1999): 1845–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.126.9.1845.
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The Wilms' Tumour gene WT1 has important functions during development. Knock-out mice were shown to have defects in the urogenital system and to die at embryonic day E13.5, probably due to heart failure. Using a lacZ reporter gene inserted into a YAC construct, we demonstrate that WT1 is expressed in the early proepicardium, the epicardium and the subepicardial mesenchymal cells (SEMC). Lack of WT1 leads to severe defects in the epicardial layer and a concomitant absence of SEMCs, which explains the pericardial bleeding and subsequent embryonic death observed in Wt1 null embryos. We further show that a human-derived WT1 YAC construct is able to completely rescue heart defects, but only partially rescues defects in the urogenital system. Analysis of the observed hypoplastic kidneys demonstrate a continuous requirement for WT1 during nephrogenesis, in particular, in the formation of mature glomeruli. Finally, we show that the development of adrenal glands is also severely affected in partially rescued embryos. These data demonstrate a variety of new functions for WT1 and suggest a general requirement for this protein in the formation of organs derived from the intermediate mesoderm.
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Tomic, Ilija, Goran Plavec, Olga Tasic, Aleksandar Ristanovic, and Vlado Cvijanovic. "Transitional type of Castleman's disease manifested as the POEMS syndrome." Vojnosanitetski pregled 61, no. 4 (2004): 439–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp0404439t.
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Background. Castleman?s disease is an atypical lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by angiofollicular hyperplasia of lymph nodes. Histologically it can be classified into a hyaline-vascular type, plasma-cell type, and transitional (mixed-cell) type, while clinically localized type has been classified as unicentric, or generalized (multicentric) form of the disease. Case report. This paper presents a 21 years old male patient with multicentric Castleman?s disease, a transitional (mixed-cell) type. The disease was manifested by fever, generalized enlargement of peripherial lymph nodes, breast glands enlargement, hyperemia of the face, and weakness of the lower extremities. We found mediastinal lymphadenopathy, pleural and pericardial effusions, sensorimotor peripherial neuropathy and polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia. The simultaneous presence of these manifestations of the disease (sensomotor peripheral neuropathy, lymphadenopathy, effusions endocrinopathy, polyclonal gammaglobulinemia and skin changes) is indentified as POEMS syndrome. The diagnosis of Castleman?s disease was based on the results of histopathologic analysis of mediastinal lymph node biopsies after thoracotomy. The patient was treated with corticosteroids (prednisone 80 mg daily for 2 weeks followed by 60 mg daily). A partial response was achieved after 4 months of treatment. Conclusion. A transitional type of multicentric Castleman?s disease may be present itself as POEMS syndrome. The effect of corticosteroid therapy in this form of the disease is unpredictable.
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Andri, Andri, Ngakan Putra, Djanggan Sargowo, Dini Erawati, and Diah Retnani. "Lung Adenocarcinoma Metastases to Mediastinal with Malignant Pericardial Effusion." Malang Respiratory Journal 3, no. 2 (October 21, 2021): 172–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.mrj.2021.003.02.4.
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Lung adenocarcinoma with malignant pericardial effusion and also metastases to mediastinum has great impact on morbidity and mortality of patient and it is rare case. Most adenocarcinoma in the mediastinum are metastases from the lung, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, kidney or even the pituitary gland. Cardiac metastases in lung cancer may occur due to retrograde lymphatic spread or by hematogenous dissemination of tumour cells. Pericardium is frequently involved in direct cardiac invasion by adjacent lung cancer. Pericardial effusion, pericarditis, and tamponade are common and life threatening presentation in such cases. A 42-years-old male with superior mediastinal mass has malignant pericardial effusion, cytology shows adenocarcinoma. The patient undergo transthoracic fine needle aspiration biopsy. The result from biopsy is adenocarcinoma. This is a rare case, patient with primary lung adenocarcinoma and malignant pericardial effusion also metastases to mediastinum. To determine the diagnosis requires a comprehensive clinical evaluation and multidisciplinary approach.
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Pavluchenko, O. V., and T. V. Yermoshyna. "Parasites of unionid molluscs (Bivalvia, Unionidae) and their effect on the body of molluscs." Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems 8, no. 4 (October 25, 2017): 482–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/021774.
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Among the molluscs of the family Unionidae extensivity of infestation by the helminth Aspidogaster conchicola (Trematoda, Aspidogastridae) is the highest in Unio tumidus and Anodonta anatina, and the lowest – in U. pictorum. The mites of the genus Unionicola (Arachnida, Unionicolidae) occur more often in species of the genus Anodonta and Pseudanodonta complanata than in species of Unio. The larvae of trematodes Bucephalus polymorphus (Trematoda, Bucephalidae) are more often identified in species of the genus Anodonta. The intensity of invasion of molluscs by the helminth A. conchicola was 1.0–5.6 ind./ind. (Unio – 1.0–3.3, Pseudanodonta – 3.0–5.6, Anodonta – 1.3–4.0 ind.), by the water mites Unionicola – 1–69 ind./ind. (Unio, Pseudanodonta – 1–11, Anodonta – 1–69). Due to the influence of aspidogastreans, the cytoplasmic vacuolization and hypertrophy of the cells of the pericardial epithelium and the layer of connective tissue was observed, which leads to a shrinkage of the upper side of the pericardium. Often, there was a nuclear pyknosis and, with deeper violations, their karyorrhexis and karyolysis. In the layer of connective tissue of pericardium of A. anatina encapsulated larvae of aspidogastereans were found. An increase in the cardiac index was observed in molluscs infested by aspidogastreans: the change in the index was the smallest in U. crassus (at 11.5%) and the largest in U. tumidus (at 54.1–61.0%). Smaller cardiac indexes are typical for molluscs with a lower intensity of infestation by aspidogastreans. Moderate intensity of infestation by this helminth (6–10 ind./ind.) caused an increase in the heart rate in molluscs (18.6–29.6%), high intensity (>10 ind./ind.) caused the decreasing of this indicator (14.5–24.0%). At low intensity of the mite (up to 20 individuals) and invasion of the trematode B. polymorphus (minor infections; part of the reproductive glands, populated by parasites, is less than 50%) the acceleration of ciliary beating and increasing of the duration of ciliary beating of the ciliated epithelium (1.4–2.6 times) were observed in species Anodonta and U. pictorum, at high intensity of invasion the inhibition of beating and reduction of the duration of ciliary beating of the ciliated epithelium in these species (45.9–57.4%) was observed. In the case of the general pathological process in the body of molluscs , the influence of parasites can cause the elimination of individuals with high intensity of infestation , which affects the absolute number and population density of molluscs.
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Musiyenko, O. V., N. P. Matsola, and L. Mykhats. "Determining the activity of body meridians during static exercise." Health, sport, rehabilitation 5, no. 1 (March 30, 2019): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.34142/hsr.2019.05.01.07.
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<p>The purpose of the work was to determine the means of acupuncture diagnosis according to the method of J. Nakatani, the effect of performing physical exercises on the body on an example of a static exercise, which is performed similarly to the Padmasana (outside the Lotus of Hatha Yoga). Material and methods. Ten students of DDPU named after them were examined. Ivan Franko 18-20 years old, who possessed the perfect technique of performing the chosen static exercise. To determine the activity of the body's meridians, Ryodoraku's technique for V. Nakatani was used. The electric current was measured in representative biological active points of the twelve main meridians: lung (P), pericardial (MS), heart (C), lymphatic and immune systems (TR), thin (IG) and thick (GI) intestines, spleen and pancreas (R), liver (F), kidney (R), urinary (V) and biliary (VB) bladder and stomach (E) in order to determine the possibility of studying the effects of physical exercises on the body by acupuncture diagnostic methods. Measurement was used to perform the exercise, during and after the exercise in 6 minutes. Results Relevant changes in the electrical activity indices at representative points of the body's meridians during a selected static exercise were revealed. The increase in electrical activity in the body's meridians, which according to the literature, is responsible for the functions of the small and large intestines, the pancreas, the spleen, the liver, the gall bladder, the gonads, the kidneys, the adrenal glands. Also, this exercise causes a decrease in electrical activity at representative points of the respiratory system, the cardiovascular system, the urinary and gall bladder, and the stomach. Conclusion. It is shown that the use of technique method Ryodoraku for B. Nakatani measurement of meridians during static exercise is similar to posture "Padmasana" in the system Hatha_Yoga allows you to observe activation of body meridians, which, according to literature, are responsible for functions of the small and large intestines, pancreas, spleen, liver, gall bladder, gonads, kidneys, adrenal glands. It is possible to propose the use of a method for diagnosing the activity of the meridians to determine the effect of static exercises on the human body, along with other generally accepted scientific methods.</p>
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Medof, M. E., E. I. Walter, J. L. Rutgers, D. M. Knowles, and V. Nussenzweig. "Identification of the complement decay-accelerating factor (DAF) on epithelium and glandular cells and in body fluids." Journal of Experimental Medicine 165, no. 3 (March 1, 1987): 848–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.165.3.848.
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Decay-accelerating factor (DAF) is a 70 kD membrane regulatory protein that prevents the activation of autologous complement on cell surfaces. Using immunohistochemical methods and a radioimmunometric assay based on mAbs to DAF, we found large amounts of membrane-associated DAF antigen on the epithelial surface of cornea, conjunctiva, oral and gastrointestinal mucosa, exocrine glands, renal tubules, ureter and bladder, cervical and uterine mucosa, and pleural, pericardial and synovial serosa. Additionally, we detected soluble DAF antigen in plasma, tears, saliva, and urine, as well as in synovial and cerebrospinal fluids. While plasma, tear, and saliva DAF are larger than erythrocyte (Ehu) membrane DAF by Western blot analysis, urine DAF is slightly smaller (67,000) in Mr. Unlike purified Ehu DAF, however, urine DAF is unable to incorporate into the membrane of red cells. Although its inhibitory activity on the complement enzyme C3-convertase is lower than that of Ehu DAF, it is comparable to that of serum C4 binding protein (C4bp). Biosynthetic studies using cultured foreskin epithelium and Hela cells disclosed DAF levels (approximately 2 X 10(5) molecules/cell) exceeding those on blood cells. In addition, these studies revealed the synthesis of two DAF species, one with apparent Mr corresponding to that of epithelial cell membrane DAF and the other to urine DAF, suggesting that the urine DAF variant arises from adjacent epithelium. The function of DAF in body fluids is unknown, but the observation that urine DAF has C4bp-(or factor H-)like activity shows that it could inhibit the fluid phase activation of the cascade.
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Ardhaoui, M., J. Mahbouba, M. Ghali, F. Fhima, N. Ben Chekaya, S. Zrour, I. Bejia, M. Touzi, and N. Bergaoui. "AB1306 AA AMYLOIDOSIS IN CHRONIC RHEUMATIC DISEASES: ABOUT 20 CASES." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (May 23, 2022): 1759.1–1759. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.3738.
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BackgroundSecondary AA amyloidosis is a complication of certain uncontrolled chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases. The diagnosis of AA amyloidosis is anatomo-pathological based on the detection of amyloid deposits within a biopsy specimen.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to determine the clinical, biological, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of amyloidosis during these diseases.MethodsThis is a retrospective descriptive study conducted in the rheumatology department in Monastir, Tunisia, including patients followed for chronic inflammatory rheumatism complicated by AA amyloidosis.ResultsOur study included 20 patients (13 women and 7 men). Their mean age at the time of diagnosis of amyloidosis was 55.4 years [18-76]. The rheumatic diseases were: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) in 13 cases (65%), Ankylosing Spondylitis in 3 cases (15 %), Behçet’s disease in 2 cases and Juvenile idiopathic arthritis in its systemic form in 2 cases (10% for both). Amyloidosis occurred after a mean duration of rheumatic disease of 11.5 years [3-27]. The mean sedimentation rate at diagnosis of amyloidosis was 100.5 mm per hour [21-131]. The mean C-reactive protein at diagnosis was 38.35 mg/L [1.4-135]. Inaugural manifestations of amyloidosis were: edema of lower limbs in 8 cases, nephrotic syndrome in 7 cases, renal failure in 4 cases and an abdominal clinical presentation (diarrhea and abdominal pain) associated with proteinuria in 2 cases. Proteinuria was constant, with a mean level of 7.5 g/24 h [3.5-20]. It was isolated in 5 cases. Amyloidosis was subclinical in 2 cases and was discovered by an abdominal fat biopsy performed during a research protocol. The diagnosis was confirmed by: renal biopsy (n=9), rectal biopsy (n=5), salivary gland biopsy (n=4) and abdominal fat biopsy (n=2). Amyloidosis extension was assessed for 50% of our patients. Cardiac involvement was the most frequent, revealed in 5 patients. Concentric left ventricular hypertrophy was found in 4 patients. Pulmonary arterial hypertension and pericardial effusion were found in 1 case. Hepatic involvement was detected in 2 cases in the form of hepatomegaly without disturbance of liver function tests. Adrenal gland involvement was detected in 1 case with homogeneous hypertrophy of the adrenal glands associated with adrenal dysfunction. Only 1 patient had peripheral nerve damage in the form of bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome. Concerning the treatment; 12 patients received Colchicine. Chloraminophen was tried for 4 patients with amyloidosis secondary to RA and Azathioprine for one patient with RA. The evolution was unfavorable in 6 cases marked by death within a mean time of 3.4 years.ConclusionAlthough its prevalence is decreasing, owing to therapeutic progress in chronic rheumatic diseases, AA amyloidosis remains a not exceptional complication. It has a poor prognosis, particularly because of renal disease and cardiac involvement.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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UGNIVENKO, ANATOLII, and OLEKSANDR NATALYCH. "MEAT PRODUCTION AND GROWTH OF INTERNAL ORGANS AND ADIPOSE TISSUE IN BULLS, OBTAINED FROM THE SELECTION OF THEIR PARENTS ACCORDING TO THE INDEX OF SIMILARITY OF SYSTEM B ANTIGENS OF BLOOD GROUPS." Animal Science and Food Technology 13, no. 1 (March 21, 2022): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/animal.13(1).2022.57-65.
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During reproductive crossing, the genetic diversity of animals increases and the problem of consolidating livestock by type and productivity arises. Blood group antigens are one of the factors that indicate genetic variability, so they can be used as markers when selecting parent pairs. The purpose of this study was to analyse the meat productivity, development of internal organs and accumulation of adipose tissue in 18-month-old bulls derived from different selection of their parents according to the index of antigenic similarity (ras) of the B system of blood groups at the first stages of a complex reproductive cross between Simmental and grey Ukrainian cattle with breeders of Charolais and Kian breeds. According to the value of ras, the bulls were divided into two groups. In the first – from a homogeneous selection of parents (over 0.268; n=9); in the second – from heterogeneous (ras up to 0.267; n=7). After slaughtering the bulls, the meat productivity, mass, and output of the head, liver, lungs, and other organs and glands of internal secretion were determined. Intermuscular, interstitial, perirenal, pregastric, intestinal, and pericardial fat were separated and weighed. With homogeneous selection of parents, their sons, in comparison with their peers from heterogeneous mating, show a tendency to increase the content of muscles (by 4.2%), fat tissue in carcasses (by 12.4%), including between muscles (by 1.1 points). There is 11.6% less pulp per kilogram of bones, 17.2% worse muscle tissue index, 7.8% less absolute weight of liver, 10.0% of kidney, 27.8% of heart, head – by 2.0% and lungs – by 11.6%. In bulls, from the heterogeneous selection of parents with ras to 0.267, there is 7.2% more fat tissue in the body, including internal fat tissue by 7.8%, the relative mass of bones is 0.8 points higher. The practical use of homogeneous selection according to antigens of blood groups of crossbreed parents allows improving the morphological composition of the carcasses of their offspring. Heterogeneous selection promotes better development of internal organs, which are less valuable slaughter products
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Angeliki, Cheva, Tsagkaropoulos Sokratis, Pepis Panagiotis, Syrnioti Antonia, and Foroulis Christoforos. "Uncommon first diagnosis of metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma with “signet-ring” cells morphology through pericardial effusion." Archives of Case Reports 6, no. 1 (January 20, 2022): 005–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.29328/journal.acr.1001057.
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Malignant pericardial effusion is a usual and crucial exacerbation in malignancies. In some cases, pericardial effusion may be the first manifestation of the disease. Neoplastic pericarditis is extremely rare in thyroid cancer. Hereby, we describe the case of a 54-year-old man submitted to the hospital for chest pain and dyspnea. Clinical and radiological examinations were suggestive of pericardial effusion and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. The patient underwent pericardial drainage and surgical biopsy of a paratracheal lymph node. Pericardial biopsies were also taken. Histology study was compatible with metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma with “signet-ring” cell morphology. Extended study of thyroid gland and function was performed and he was referred to oncologists for further treatment.
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Sakac, Dejan, Dragan Kovacevic, and Goran Koracevic. "Pericarditis and cardiac tamponade: Urgent condition not only in cardiology." Medical review 64, no. 3-4 (2011): 194–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns1104194s.
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Introduction. Pericarditis is a condition with inflammation of the pericardium; however, most of these conditions are not infective and many of them are not even inflammatory. Pericarditis by its development can be acute, subacute and chronic, and later, recurring or relapsing. Apart from idiopathic, the causes of pericarditis are numerous, very often inflammatory, most frequently caused by viruses, or tumours and neoplasms, diseases of connective tissue, vasculitis, different allergic reactions, radiation, thyroid gland diseases, uraemia, dissection of aorta etc. Clinical picture. Accumulation of fluid in the pericardium in the amount sufficient to cause significant obstruction of blood inflow in chambers can cause cardiac tamponade. If it is not treated immediately, the outcome may be fatal. The most common causes are tumours, viruses or uraemia. Cardiac tamponade should be suspected in patients with a decrease in systemic arterial pressure or presence of hypotension, tachycardia, silent and discreet heart beats, increase in systemic venous pressure (Beck triad). Electrocardiogram may result in tachycardia, QRS complex is of smaller voltage, often of reversed polarity. The amount of effusion is estimated by echocardiography. Conclusion. The cause of pericarditis should always be searched for. On the other hand, during monitoring or treatment of numerous conditions which could be a frequent cause of pericarditis, the presence of pericardial effusion or cardiac tamponade should be suspected and detected in due time. A timely intervention - pericardiocentesis, can prevent the fatal outcome. Besides non-steroid anti-inflammatory medication, many prospective randomized studies propose colchicine as addition to the standard therapy. When opting for the proper treatment for pericarditis always keep in mind the current diagnosis and cause of this condition.
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Farrukh, Hina, Amina Mehrab, and Abeera Khan. "Adrenal Insufficiency Presenting as Hypoglycemia & Hyponatremia in a Patient With Liver Cirrhosis; Hepatoadrenal Syndrome." Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): A111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.223.
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Abstract Hepatoadrenal syndrome is described as a progressive impairment in the adrenocortical reserve in advanced liver disease resulting in relative adrenal insufficiency (AI). This can present as critical hypoglycemia and hyponatremia as in the case described. 54 year old male with past medical history of hypothyroidism, pericardial effusion, liver cirrhosis and prior alcohol use disorder presented to the hospital with altered mental status. He felt lethargic and complained of recurrent diarrhea for a month. His blood sugar was 30 mg/dl (n=70–140 mg/dl) for which he received dextrose and his mentation improved. He was hypothermic with stable vitals otherwise. There was no skin hyperpigmentation. Labs demonstrated sodium of 123 mmol/L (n=136–145 mmol/L) and pancytopenia. TSH, ammonia, renal and hepatic functions were within normal limits except mildly elevated AST and total bilirubin. Total protein, albumin, HDL, Insulin and cortisol levels were low. Hepatitis panel was negative. CT Chest, abdomen and pelvis revealed massive abdominopelvic ascites, hepatic cirrhosis and splenomegaly. Adrenal glands appeared normal. Urine studies were consistent with salt-wasting nephropathy. Patient was started on intravenous fluids as well as dexamethasone. Diagnostic and therapeutic paracentesis was performed. Cosyntropin stimulation test revealed a baseline AM cortisol of 2.0 ug/dl (n=4.3–22.4 ug/dl), 30 min value of 4.0 ug/dl and 60 min value of 5.8 ug/dl (n=18-22ug/dl). Delta cortisol level was also low. Treatment with hydrocortisone was initiated until ACTH levels became available. To rule out sarcoidosis, ACE levels were obtained, which were normal. Dihydroxy 1,25 Vitamin D levels were low. ACTH returned as 21.7 pg/ml (n=7.2–63.3 pg/ml). 21 hydroxylase antibody was negative. MRI brain with IV contrast demonstrated no pituitary mass or abnormality. Blood cultures, body fluid cultures, AMA and ASMA were negative. Anti- tTG and Anti Gliadin antibodies were positive confirming celiac disease. Patient was started on gluten free diet which resolved his diarrhea. He responded well to steroids however, he remained intermittently confused which was thought to be related to hypoglycemic brain injury. Patient was converted to hydrocortisone PO 20 mg in AM and 10 mg in PM and advised to follow up outpatient with endocrinologist and gastroenterologist. Hepatoadrenal syndrome is an important differential to consider in patients with liver disease presenting with hypoglycemia and hyponatremia. It is a potentially life-threatening condition requiring immediate treatment and appropriate work up. The condition improves with corticosteroid replacement therapy. Reference: Anastasiadis SN, Giouleme OI, Germanidis GS, Vasiliadis TG. Relative adrenal insufficiency in cirrhotic patients. Clin Med Insights Gastroenterol. 2015;8:13–17. Published 2015 Mar 2. doi:10.4137/CGast.S18127
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Kahlfuss, Sascha, Robert Rainer Flieger, Annette Mankertz, Kadir Yilmaz, and Torsten Kai Roepke. "Pericardial Tamponade in an Adult Suffering from Acute Mumps Infection." Case Reports in Medicine 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7980936.
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Here, we report a case of a 51-year-old man with acute pericardial tamponade requiring emergency pericardiocentesis after he suffered from sore throat, headache, malaise, and sweats for two weeks. Serological analyses revealed increased mumps IgM and IgG indicating an acute mumps infection whereas other bacterial and viral infections were excluded. In addition, MRI revealed atypical swelling of the left submandibular gland. Whereas mumps has become a rare entity in children due to comprehensive vaccination regimens in western civilizations, our case highlights mumps as an important differential diagnosis also in adults, where the virus can induce life-threatening complications such as pericardial tamponade.
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Auffret, M., and M. Lepennec. "Microscopical observations on the excretory organs of the hydrothermal mussel Bathymodiolus thermophilus (Mollusca: Bivalvia)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 72, no. 2 (May 1992): 503–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400037863.
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The pericardial gland of the deep-sea hydrothermal mussel Bathymodiolus thermophilus (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Mytilidae) differs from other mytilids by (1) a narrow lumen and (2) conspicuous polyhedral inclusion bodies in large cytoplasmic vacuoles of the epithelial cells. These inclusions do not contain metals as revealed by microanalysis but are possibly made of proteins. The cells of this gland exhibit a fenestrated basal border which indicates a site of haemolymph ultrafiltration. The kidney is histologically comparable to that of the coastal mussel Mytilus edulis.
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Ghoti, Hussam, Orly Goitein, Elie Konen, Ariel Koren, Carina Levin, Alan Berebi, Pinhas Stark, and Eliezer Rachmilewitz. "T2* MRI Provides No Evidence for Myocardial and Pancreatic Iron Overload in Multitransfused Patients with Sickle/β-Thalassemia." Blood 112, no. 11 (November 16, 2008): 1422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.1422.1422.
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Abstract Introduction: Transfusion-dependent hemolytic anemias particularly thalassemia major (thal.m) and also sickle cell disease (SCD) result in iron deposition in the reticuloendothelial system in major organs, mainly in the liver and also in the heart and endocrine glands. However, liver iron levels in patients with thal.m measured by other techniques were found to have no predictive values for the extent of their cardiac iron deposition. T2* MRI sequences have been previously addressed as a reliable tool for non invasive evaluation of iron load in the liver, heart and pancreas. Patients with T2* value > 20 ms have normal cardiac function while the prevalence of myocardial dysfunction and arrhythmias increases as a consequence of cardiac iron overload (T2* < 20 ms). A previous study comparing cardiac iron overload in transfusion dependent thal.m and SCD patients matched for age and liver iron content, found abnormally low cardiac T2* values (<20 ms) in nearly 40% of patients with thal.m, while the T2* values were normal in the patients with SCD (1) (Blood:103;1934, 2004). The purpose of the present study was to quantify iron content (T2* values) in the liver, heart and pancreas of multitransfused patients with sickle/β-thal. Patients and Methods: Eleven patients with sickle/β-thal., 3 males and 8 females, mean age 31 years ± 9.5 (SD) were analyzed, 6 of them were splenectomized. Their mean ± SD values for hemoglobin was 9.0 gr/dl, for serum ferritin - 3900 ng/ml ± 3944 and for transferrin saturation - 80% ± 23. All of them were transfused and received a mean of 97 packed cell units ± 88 (SD). Only one patient received iron chelation for 10 months until 6 months prior to entering the study. Seven patients received regularly Hydrea 1–1.5 gr/day for > 10 years. MRI evaluation (1.5T, GE MRI system) included: Left ventricular (LV) function (ejection fraction)- steady-state free procession (SSFP) cine sequence as well as iron load quantification- breath-hold multi echo gradient echo T2*, sampled across regions of interest in the LV septum, liver parenchyma and pancreatic tissue. (Eur. Heart J22:2171, 2001) Results: All patients had normal T2* values in the heart (>20ms) and in the pancreas (>30ms). The left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular endsystolic and endiastolic volumes (evaluated both by echo-cardiography and by cine function MRI) were normal in all patients. There was no evidence for pleural or pericardial effusion. The diameter of the pulmonary artery and right ventricle were normal. Seven patients demonstrated evidence of mild to moderate iron deposition in the liver (T2* <6.3 ms). In these patients mean serum ferritin (5656 ng/ml) and transferrin saturation (92.4%) were significantly higher (p=0.001) than in 4 patients with normal T2* levels in the liver (>6.3ms) where mean serum ferritin was 872ng/ml and transferrin saturation 59.5%. Conclusion: The T2* MRI values of 11 patients with sickle/β-thal. showed that whereas 7 patients had a certain degree of iron deposition in the liver, none demonstrated cardiac or pancreatic iron deposition. Therefore, with respect to iron deposition, multitransfused patients with sickle/β-thal. are similar to patients with homozygous SCD and not to patients with thal.m and thal intermedia. The reasons for this observation are still unclear. This similarity could be related in part to the relativly low number of transfusions, starting later in life, of patients with homozygous SCD or sickle/β- thal. compared to patients with thal.m. (1) The liver is the dominant iron storage organ and iron liver concentration correlates closely with the total body iron content. While iron uptake by hepatocytes is predominately mediated via transferrin and correlates with serum ferritin levels, as confirmed in the present study, this is not the case in regulation of cardiac and endocrine iron uptake. These organs might acquire the excess metal differently. It is possible that additional and/or different forms of iron, which have been identified, such as non-transferrin bound iron and labile plasma iron, are involved in determining iron loading in the heart and endocrine glands and/or because regulation of iron entry into the plasma by hepcidin might differ. Additional studies are in progress to address these issues.
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Van Dessel, Els, Jeroen M. H. Hendriks, Patrick Lauwers, Dirk Ysebaert, Natacha Ruyssers, and Paul E. Y. Van Schil. "Mediastinal Parathyroidectomy with the da Vinci Robot." Innovations: Technology and Techniques in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery 6, no. 4 (July 2011): 262–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/imi.0b013e31822c5a4a.
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Mediastinal parathyroid glands are often located in a position which is inaccessible through a cervical approach. Because of the significant morbidity of open surgery, the need for minimal invasive approaches is high. More recently, robotic systems have been introduced to refine the dissection and optimize the view in the mediastinal region. We present two cases. The first case is a 34-year-old woman who was diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism. Because a bilateral neck dissection disclosed no parathyroid adenoma, we performed a parathyroid sestamibi scan and computed tomographic scan of neck and mediastinum to look for aberrant parathyroid glands. Both showed a parathyroid adenoma in the mediastinum on the left side. The second case is a 66-year-old man. A sestamibi scan showed a parathyroid adenoma of 3 cm in the superior mediastinum which was confirmed by and computed tomographic scan. In both cases, we performed a parathyroidectomy with the da Vinci robotic system through a left-sided approach. Three thoracoports were inserted around the mammary gland for the robot and a fourth auxiliary port was positioned in between. Single-lung ventilation was installed, and the mediastinum was entered by opening the parietal pleura along the left phrenic nerve. The upper margin for dissection was the left brachiocephalic vein that was followed until the right pleura. All the tissue in front of the pericardium was dissected en bloc. The sinking test of the nodule and a preoperative frozen section analysis confirmed the diagnosis of parathyroid adenoma, which was also proven by rapid parathyroid hormone analysis. The resection of a parathyroid adenoma from the aortopulmonary window represents an ideal case for robotic surgery.
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Repetto, Emanuel, Mirta M. Aliendo, and Susana N. Biasutto. "CAMBIOS MORFOLÓGICOS DEL TIMO EN LA ETAPA FETAL Y SU IMPORTANCIA CLÍNICA. MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF THE THYMUS IN THE FETAL STAGE AND ITS CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE." Revista Argentina de Anatomía Clínica 2, no. 1 (March 28, 2016): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31051/1852.8023.v2.n1.13857.
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El timo se origina de la tercera bolsa faríngea, durante la 5ª semana de gestación, cuando migra junto con las paratiroides inferiores, hasta alcanzar su posición definitiva. El crecimiento y desarrollo del timo continúa después del nacimiento hasta la pubertad, ocupando una posición cervico-torácica. En este trabajo se miden y correlacionan los cambios en forma y tamaño del timo fetal, y se correlaciona su aspecto macroscópico con variaciones clínicas. Se estudiaron 80 fetos entre 14 y 21 semanas de gestación. El timo fue disecado conservando sus relaciones anatómicas más importantes. Observamos que la longitud de la glándula crece abruptamente entre la semana 17 y 18. Luego de la semana 18 el crecimiento en longitud de la glándula se mantiene de manera progresiva. El ancho del timo tiene un crecimiento notable entre la semana 15 y 16. El crecimiento total de la glándula, de la semana 14 a la 21, fue: 74,96% en su longitud, y 119,5% en el ancho. Analizando los datos obtenidos surge que el aumento de longitud y ancho del timo se acompaña del desarrollo anatómico del aparato cardiovascular y respiratorio respectivamente, en las mismas etapas, pudiendo confirmar que esto se deba a la relación existente entre la cápsula tímica, pleura y pericardio, que acompañan su crecimiento por arrastre. Destacamos el estudio de las dimensiones tímicas en el control prenatal, actuando como parámetro predictivo para la detección de patologías relacionadas con el sistema inmune y con patologías que afectan a otros órganos o sistemas relacionados. During the fifth week of gestation, appears the third branchial pouch that will migrate originating the thymus and the superior parathyroid glands. Thymus growth and development will continue after birth until puberty, and always occupying a cervico-thoracic position. In this study we show shape and size variations of fetal thymus, and the correlation between its macroscopic aspect and clinical variations. We studied 80 fetuses between 14 and 21 weeks of gestation. The thymus was dissected respecting the relationship with the main anatomical structures. We demonstrated that the gland length suddenly grows between the week 17th and 18th. After that length growth continues progressively. Thymus breadth evidently grows between the weeks 15th and 16th. General growth of the gland, between the weeks 14th and 21st was 74.96% in length and 119.5% in breadth. Considering these data it appears as evident that the increasing in length and breadth of the thymus is related to the anatomical development of the cardio-vascular and respiratory systems respectively, in the same stages, confirming the relationship between the thymus capsule, pleura and pericardium, that determines the morphology of this growth by “traction”. We emphasize the study of thymus measures in pregnant controls as a predictive parameter for the detection of pathologies associated to the immunological system and other related organs or systems.
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Thi, Wai Phyo, Zhanna Zavgorodneva, Tooraj Zahedi, and Fan Zhang. "PSAT066 Adrenal Insufficiency Associated with Amyloidosis and Sickle Cell Disease." Journal of the Endocrine Society 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): A112—A113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.229.
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Abstract Background Amyloidosis causes chronic inflammation by the deposition of amyloid protein fragments in multiple organs, such as kidneys, adrenal, and pituitary glands. It is a challenge to access adrenocortical function in renal amyloidosis patients due to heavy proteinuria induced hypoproteinemia and low corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) which may cause false positive adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) test and the reduced cortisol level uncorrelated with free cortisol. On the other hand, adrenal insufficiency also frequently occurs in Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) patients. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis can be affected by tissue hypoxia during recurrent small vessel occlusion, chronic anemia, and iron-overload related oxidative stress. We report a SCD patient with nephrotic syndrome due to amyloidosis, who has adrenal insufficiency. Case Presentation A 41 years old female with Nephrotic syndrome secondary to Amyloid A (AA) amyloidosis, Adrenal insufficiency, Sickle cell disease (HbSC), Graves’ Hyperthyroidism, CVA, and bilateral femoral head avascular necrosis, presented with sickle cell pain crisis and anasarca with hypotension. She was on Hydrocortisone for 12 years but was not compliant for 2 months. She was on Methimazole for several years before it was discontinued one year ago. She has amenorrhea, severe edema with anasarca from the lower extremities to the abdomen. Labs showed morning cortisol 5.46 ug/dL, low albumin 2.4 g/dL, high TSH 5.43 uIU/mL, normal FT4 1.60 ng/dL, high urine protein 996.2 mg/dL, and eGFR 21.2. CT revealed pericardial effusion, free pelvic fluid, splenomegaly, edema, and thyroid goiter. Previous labs showed persistent low cortisol 0.9 to 3.5 ug/dL, high ferritin 1007 ng/mL, and pituitary workup was normal for Prolactin 4.6 ug/L, LH 5.02 mIU/mL, FSH 9.9 mIU/mL, IGF1 216 ng/mL, and ACTH 13.1 pg/mL. NM thyroid uptake elevated 51.7% and positive TPO 79.7 IU/mL. CT head was unremarkable. The patient was managed with Lasix and Albumin infusion for anasarca, Cyclosporine for amyloidosis, and Midodrine 10 mg TID for hypotension. Hydrocortisone stress dose was given followed by Prednisone 30 mg BID. Her symptoms improved. Discussion In Amyloidosis patients with heavy proteinuria, the low serum CBG levels affect total cortisol level. Therefore, the proper assessment for the adrenal function should be used with albumin-calculated free cortisol or cortisol/CBG ratio in addition to the ACTH stimulation tests. It is essential to differentiate between adrenal insufficiency and amyloidosis-related symptoms to prevent adrenal crisis and refrain from glucocorticoid side effects by unnecessary steroid use. On the other hand, endocrine manifestations of SCD may include hypogonadism, thyroid, adrenal, and pituitary dysfunction due to vaso-occlusive episodes induced multi-organ ischemic damage. This patient has amenorrhea, adrenal insufficiency, and normalized thyroid function test in Graves’ disease. It is crucial to avoid iron-overload induced oxidative stress which would worsen endocrine dysfunctions as well. Presentation: Saturday, June 11, 2022 1:00 p.m. - 3:00 p.m.
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Kumar, Santosh, Kalpesh Mahesh Parmar, Shivanshu Singh, and Jayant Kumar. "Isolated Asymptomatic Metastasis in the Myocardium: A Rare Scenario in Case of Carcinoma Penis." Journal of Clinical Imaging Science 5 (March 25, 2015): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2156-7514.153971.
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Penile cancer is a common malignancy in developing countries. It commonly metastasizes to the lymph nodes, lung, liver, and bones. Myocardial metastasis is rare. A 40-year-old male patient presented with ulcerative growth over glans penis. Histologic evaluation of the biopsy sample diagnosed the lesion as squamous cell cancer. Assessment of the stage of the disease revealed cardiac metastasis. Patient received six cycles of chemotherapy. He partially responded, but later succumbed to cardiac failure due to pericardial and pleural effusion.
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Charbet, T. "Capper, Garon and Harold Stewart (Amer. J. Das. Child. 44, pp. 798-805)." Kazan medical journal 29, no. 8-9 (January 12, 2022): 746. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj89859.
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Capper, Garon and Harold Stewart report (Amer. J. Das. Child. 44, pp. 798-805) of a case of primary myocardial tuberculosis with an unaffected pericardium. The case refers to a 3 year old. a black woman without a tuberculous history. With progressive emaciation and anemia, transient meningism and terminal seizures, the disease ended fatally in two months. On the section: caseous masses and cavities in the left lung, caseous decay of the mammary and abdominal lymph glands.
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Kahl, Kai G., Ulrich Schweiger, Kaweh Pars, Alicja Kunikowska, Michael Deuschle, Marcel Gutberlet, Ralf Lichtinghagen, Stefan Bleich, Katja Hüper, and Dagmar Hartung. "Adrenal gland volume, intra-abdominal and pericardial adipose tissue in major depressive disorder." Psychoneuroendocrinology 58 (August 2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.04.008.
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Ekowati, Anita, and Lusiana Astuti. "Gambaran dan Stadium Timoma pada CT-Scan." Jurnal Radiologi Indonesia 3, no. 1 (July 1, 2017): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33748/jradidn.v3i1.60.
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Thymoma is epithelial neoplasm arising from thymus gland commonly in anterior mediastinum. The incidence increases along with age at 40-50 year and reportedly 1-5 cases/milion/year. Masaoka system divides thymoma into 4 stadium. Stadium 1 is capsulated tumor, stadium2 is invasion in fat tissue or mediastinal pleura, stadium 3 is invasion of surrounding organs, pericardium, great vessel and lung, stadium 4a is tumor spreading to pleura or pericardium, and stadium 4a is hematogenous or lymphatic metastases. Imaging has great role in diagnosisand thymoma staging. CT is the imaging modality of choice to evaluate thymoma and to differentiate it from other anterior mediastinum abnormalities which correlated with therapy and prognosis from thymoma.
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Průcha, Miroslav, and Lenka Sedláčková. "IgG4-related Disease – A Patient with Multiple Organ Involvement." Prague Medical Report 118, no. 2-3 (2017): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/23362936.2017.9.
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IgG4-related diseases represent a heterogeneous group of conditions characterised by elevated serum IgG4 levels and fibrotic or sclerosing changes in the affected organs or systems accompanied by IgG4-positive plasma cells. A disease associated with IgG4 may affect virtually any organ – salivary glands, periorbital tissue, kidneys, lungs, meninges, aorta, prostate, pericardium or skin. Histopathological findings are uniform, characterised by a major lymphoplasmocytic infiltrate and the presence of IgG4-producing plasma cells, irrespective of the affected site. It can be difficult to establish a correct diagnosis due to the lack of clinical symptoms. Treatment with immunosuppressive drugs provides good results and requires interdisciplinary cooperation.
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Lam, Han. "Abstract #811136: Unusual Ectopic Implantation of Parathyroid Gland in the Pericardium." Endocrine Practice 26 (May 2020): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1530-891x(20)39856-6.
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Afanasova, N., Zurab Shavladze, Alena Terekhova, and Svetlana Shakhtarina. "POTENTIALITIES OF THE X-RAY DIAGNOSIS OF LYMPH FLOW DISORDERS IN THORACIC ORGANS ASSOCIATED WITH COMPRESSION SYNDROME IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY MEDIASTINAL LARGE B-CELL LYMPHOMA." Problems in oncology 66, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.37469/0507-3758-2020-66-1-90-95.
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A comparative analysis of the results of digital radiography (DR) and spiral computed tomography (SCT) of thoracic organs was performed. Data obtained in this work and analysis of research findings on anatomy, physiology of the thoracic lymphatic system helped us understand the mechanism of tumor cell dissemination in this type of lymphoma. Anterograde dissemination of lymphoma cells led to the replacement of lymphoid tissue of the anterior mediastinal lymph nodes by tumor tissue and as a result, their filtration was disturbed. A blockade of lymph flow caused conversion of the anterograde lymph flow to the retrograde one, which provided additional accumulation of tumor cells in the lungs, pleura, epicardium, pericardium, sternum, ribs, thyroid gland, mammary gland and muscles of the anterior thoracic wall.
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McConkey, Sandra, Alfonso López, and John Pringle. "Extramedullary Plasmacytoma in a Horse with Ptyalism and Dysphagia." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 12, no. 3 (May 2000): 282–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063870001200318.
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A Clydesdale mare was examined for weight loss, inappetence, ptyalism, and dysphagia. The main abnormality revealed by serum biochemistry was a marked hyperglobulinemia, and protein electrophoresis revealed a monoclonal gammopathy in the gamma region. The urine was positive for Bence Jones proteins. These findings suggested a plasma cell tumor. The neoplasm could not be located with extensive antemortem examination. At postmortem, neoplastic cells morphologically compatible with plasma cells and positive for equine IgG with imunoperoxidase staining infiltrated the pericardium, mediastinal stromal tissues, adrenal glands, meninges, atrioventricular valves, aorta, abdominal and thoracic fat, and nerves, including the trigeminal nerve. The neoplastic cells invading the cranial nerves were responsible for many of the presenting signs.
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Khan, Hamidur R., Mary Lou Ashton, and A. S. M. Saleuddin. "A study on the cytoplasmic granules of the pericardial gland cells of some bivalve molluscs." Tissue and Cell 20, no. 4 (January 1988): 587–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-8166(88)90060-2.
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Abdelmasih, Randa, Ramy Abdelmaseih, Dewansh Goel, S. Mustajab Hasan, and Khalid Abusaada. "A Rare Case of Massive Pericardial Effusion as the First Presentation of Hashimoto’s Hypothyroidism With Complete Resolution With Levothyroxine Treatment - A Case Report." Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): A916. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.1871.
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Abstract Introduction: Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder with multi-system involvement, with prevalence rate of 4.6% among the U.S. population. Clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism can vary widely from subclinical condition to multi-organ failure. One of the rare but serious complications of hypothyroidism is pericardial effusion (PE). To our knowledge, there are few case reports of PE secondary to hypothyroidism. We report a case of massive PE without tamponade secondary to hypothyroidism. Case Presentation: 52 year old obese male presented to the hospital with worsening dyspnea, dry cough, chest discomfort and lower extremity edema for 2 months. He was in mild respiratory distress, and afebrile. He had myxedematous facies, with dry skin. Thyroid gland was palpable. He was noted to have distant heart sounds and bradycardia with lower extremity edema and delayed deep tendon reflexes. Chest X-ray showed marked cardiomegaly suggestive of pericardial effusion. Laboratory testing was noted for elevated thyroid stimulating Hormone 55.9 mU/L, Low T4F <0.07 mU/L, low T3F 1.0 mU/L, and elevated Thyroid peroxidase antibodies of 520 IU/ml. Troponin-I, BNP, and D-Dimer were normal. Echocardiography showed left ventricular ejection fraction of 50%, and a large, free-flowing pericardial effusion >2 cm with focal strands. Patient was given intravenous Levothyroxine 100 mcg once, then was started on oral Levothyroxine 75 mcg daily. No pericardiocentesis was done. Patient was discharged and followed up after 6 month of treatment with resolution of his symptoms, facies, and pericardial effusion. Discussion: Hypothyroidism is predominant worldwide with reported prevalence rates of 5–10% in women and 1–3% in men. Common symptoms include: fatigue, cold intolerance, and constipation. Cardiovascular involvement is less common. Small PE has been reported in 10-30% of cases. Severe PE -with or without tamponade- is a very rare complication and is only linked to severe degrees of myxedema. A recent study evaluating 70 newly diagnosed adult hypothyroid patients showed mild PE prevalence of 17%, with moderate PE seen in only 1 patient (0.01%). Severe PE or tamponade was not observed in this cohort. The development of PE secondary to hypothyroidism is not well understood. Increased systemic capillary permeability and decreased lymphatic drainage of albumin which leads to increased pericardial colloid pressure are proposed mechanisms for hypothyroid PE. Most of hypothyroidism clinical symptoms can be reversed with thyroid hormone replacement within 1-15 months. Pericardiocentesis is reserved for symptomatic patients despite treatment, patients with tamponade or with persistent PE for more than 3 months. Our case sheds light on a rare, yet, serious complication of hypothyroidism, most likely explained by low socio-economic status. Hence the importance of patient education and proper follow up.
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CASTROVIEJO-FISHER, SANTIAGO, JOSÉ AYARZAGÜENA, and CARLES VILÀ. "A new species of Hyalinobatrachium (Centrolenidae: Anura) from Serranía de Perijá, Venezuela." Zootaxa 1441, no. 1 (April 5, 2007): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1441.1.4.
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We describe a new species of Hyalinobatrachium from Serranía de Perijá, Estado de Zulia, Venezuela. The new species is placed in the Hyalinobatrachium fleischmanni group and can be differentiated from all other species of Hyalinobatrachium by having small enamelled glands on the lower part of the upper lip and on the skin covering the jaw, iris with a horizontal dark band that connects the pupil with the lateral edges of the eye, marked ulnar and tarsal white enamelled folds, extensive webbing between fingers and between toes, white pericardium and an advertisement call formed by a high-pitched single note composed of two parts: a group of modulated pulses increasing in frequency followed by a long and modulated sound at a constant frequency.
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Blagova, O. V., A. V. Nedostup, V. P. Sedov, E. A. Kogan, I. N. Alijeva, G. Yu Sorokin, and N. D. Sarkisova. "Pericarditis in contemporary therapeutic clinic: nosological spectrum, approaches to diagnosis and treatment." Terapevticheskii arkhiv 92, no. 12 (December 15, 2020): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/00403660.2020.12.200432.
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Aim.To analyze the register of pericarditis in a therapeutic clinic, to evaluate their nosological spectrum, to optimize approaches to diagnosis and treatment.
Materials and methods.For the period 20072018, the register includes 76 patients with the diagnosis of pericarditis (average age 53.115.7 years, 2085 years, 46 female). Patients with hydropericardium were not included in the register. Diagnostic puncture of pericardium was carried out in 5 patients, pleural puncture in 11 patients. Morphological diagnostics included endomyocardial/ intraoperative biopsy of myocardium (n=4/2), thoracoscopic/intraoperative biopsy of pericardium (n=1/6), pleural puncture (n=5), transbronchial (n=1), thoracoscopic biopsy of intrathoracic lymph nodes (n=2), lung (n=1), supraclavicular lymph node biopsy (n=1), salivary gland (n=1), subcutaneous fat and rectum biopsy per amyloid (n=6/1). The genome of cardiotropic viruses, level of anti-heart antibodies, C-reactive protein, antinuclear factor, rheumatoid factor (antibodies to cyclic citrullinized peptide), antibodies to neutrophil cytoplasm were determined, extractable nuclear antigens (ENA), protein immunoelectrophoresis, diaskin test, computed tomography of lungs and heart, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, oncologic search.
Results.The following forms of pericarditis were verified: tuberculosis (14%, including in combination with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy HCM), acute / chronic viral (8%) and infectious immune (38%), including perimyocarditis in 77%, pericarditis associated with mediastinum lymphoma/sarcoma (4%), sarcoidosis (3%), diffuse diseases of connective tissue and vasculitis (systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, diseases of Horton, Takayasu, Shegren, Wegener, 12%), leukoclastic vasculitis, Loefflers endomyocarditis, AL-amyloidosis, thrombotic microangiopathy (1% each), HCM (8%), coronary heart disease (constriction after repeated punctures and suppuration; postinfection and immune, 4%), after radiofrequency catheter ablation and valve prosthetics (2%). Tuberculosis was the main causes of constrictive pericarditis (36%). Treatment included steroids (n=39), also in combination with cytostatics (n=12), anti-tuberculosis drugs (n=9), acyclovir/ganclovir (n=14), hydroxychloroquine (n=23), colchicine (n=13), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (n=21), L-tyroxine (n=5), chemotherapy (n=1). In 36 patients different types of therapy were combined. Treatment results observed in 55 patients. Excellent and stable results were achieved in 82% of them. Pericardiectomy/pericardial resection was successfully performed in 8 patients. Lethality was 13.2% (10 patients) with an average follow-up 9 [2; 29.5] months (up to 10 years). Causes of death were chronic heart failure, surgery for HCM, pulmonary embolism, tumor.
Conclusion.During a special examination, the nature of pericarditis was established in 97% of patients. Morphological and cytological diagnostics methods play the leading role. Tuberculosis pericarditis, infectious-immune and pericarditis in systemic diseases prevailed. Infectious immune pericarditis is characterized by small and medium exudate without restriction and accompanying myocarditis. Steroids remain the first line of therapy in most cases. Hydroxychloroquine as well as colchicine can be successfully used in moderate / low activity of immune pericarditis and as a long-term maintenance therapy after steroid stop.
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Özpolat, Berkant, Orhan Veli Doǧan, Gökhan Gökaslan, Selim Erekul, and Ertan Yücel. "Ectopic Thyroid Gland on the Ascending Aorta with a Partial Pericardial Defect: Report of a Case." Surgery Today 37, no. 6 (May 28, 2007): 486–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00595-006-3439-7.
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Fu, Qiang, Kimberly K. Kutz, Joshua J. Schmidt, Yun-Wei A. Hsu, Daniel I. Messinger, Shaun D. Cain, Horacio O. de la Iglesia, Andrew E. Christie, and Lingjun Li. "Hormone complement of theCancer productus sinus gland and pericardial organ: An anatomical and mass spectrometric investigation." Journal of Comparative Neurology 493, no. 4 (2005): 607–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cne.20773.
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Ignjatovic, Mile, Snezana Cerovic, Vojkan Stanic, Vladimir Cuk, Zoran Kostic, and Radojka Bokun. "Papillary thyroid carcinoma in intrathoracic goiter." Acta chirurgica Iugoslavica 50, no. 3 (2003): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/aci0303085i.
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Intrathoracic goiter (more than 80% of tissue in the thoracic cavity) represents very rare clinical entity (less than 1% of total number of thyroid gland surgical procedures). Cancer incidence in these goiter is 0-5%. The aim of this article is to present a case report of intrathoracic thyroid papillary carcinoma with multiple compressive syndrome and review of compressive intrathoracic syndrome of thyroid etiology. In our patient we have found: tracheal and oesophageal deviation and compression, superior vena cava syndrome, downhill varices, chylothorax, pericardial effusion, compress of the left a. subclavia, unilateral lesion of recurrent and phrenic nerve, and brachial plexopathy. This was a unique case with multiple compressive syndrome between 3000 patients surgically treated for all kinds of thyroid deceases. Intrathoracic goiter can cause all the known symptoms and syndromes of intrathoracic compression with possibility of rapid deterioration and fatal end.
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Tappe, J. P., A. A. Andersen, and N. F. Cheville. "Respiratory and Pericardial Lesions in Turkeys Infected with Avian or Mammalian Strains of Chlamydia psittaci." Veterinary Pathology 26, no. 5 (September 1989): 386–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030098588902600504.
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Three groups of turkeys were inoculated with strains of C. psittaci (B577, VS1, TT3) from different restriction endonuclease groups. Turkeys were necropsied at 15 times through post-inoculation day 70. Birds infected with the TT3 strain were lethargic and had decreased body weight. After forced exercise, dyspnea was seen in VS1-infected turkeys. Pericarditis was the most severe lesion in TT3-infected birds. Airsacculitis and bronchopneumonia were the most severe lesions in VS1-infected turkeys. Lateral nasal adenitis was in both VS1- and TT3-infected birds. Only mild peribronchial pneumonia was in B577-infected turkeys. Chlamydial antigen, identified by light microscopy using an immunoperoxidase technique, was seen from post-inoculation days 9 through 50 in the lateral nasal gland and at earlier times in other tissue from VS1- and TT3-infected turkeys. No chlamydial antigen was detected in tissue from B577-infected birds. These studies showed that chlamydial strains from different restriction endonuclease groups are associated with distinct disease syndromes in turkeys.
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Mohamed, Iskandar Zulqarnain bin, Matthew Idle, Timothy Bates, and Sundus Yahya. "Tongue: the unusual site in malignant pleural mesothelioma." BMJ Case Reports 14, no. 4 (April 2021): e241166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-241166.
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Malignant mesotheliomas (MMs) are malignancies of the mesothelium, with primary deposits originating in the pleura, peritoneum, pericardium and the tunica vaginalis (ie, testicular). Metastatic spread is commonly reported to affect the liver, adrenal glands, kidney and contralateral lung (in cases of malignant pleural mesothelioma). Metastases to distant sites are uncommon. Spread to the oral cavity in particular is very rare. A total of 23 cases of metastatic spread to the oral cavity have been reported in the literature to date; of those, 9 cases have been to the tongue. Given the rarity of the site of metastasis, the management remains challenging. This case highlights a rare site of metastasis in MM, discusses treatment options available and briefly talks about technical limitations in treating a mobile structure such as the tongue. Good palliative and supportive care is crucial in managing cases where no curative treatment is possible.
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Roy, Debashish, Madhusudhana Gargesha, Grant J. Steyer, Parvin Hakimi, Richard W. Hanson, and David L. Wilson. "Multi-Scale Characterization of the PEPCK-CmusMouse through 3D Cryo-Imaging." International Journal of Biomedical Imaging 2010 (2010): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/105984.
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We have developed, for the Case 3D Cryo-imaging system, a specialized, multiscale visualization scheme which provides color-rich volume rendering and multiplanar reformatting enabling one to visualize an entire mouse and zoom in to organ, tissue, and microscopic scales. With this system, we have anatomically characterized, in 3D, from whole animal to tissue level, a transgenic mouse and compared it with its control. The transgenic mouse overexpresses the cytosolic form of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK-C) in its skeletal muscle and is capable of greatly enhanced physical endurance and has a longer life-span and reproductive life as compared to control animals. We semiautomatically analyzed selected organs such as kidney, heart, adrenal gland, spleen, and ovaries and found comparatively enlarged heart, much less visceral, subcutaneous, and pericardial adipose tissue, and higher tibia-to-femur ratio in the transgenic animal. Microscopically, individual skeletal muscle fibers, fine mesenteric blood vessels, and intestinal villi, among others, were clearly seen.
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Shah, Mithun Vinod, Timothy G. Call, Carl C. Hook, Patrick B. Johnston, Louis Letendre, Joseph P. Colgan, Animesh Pardanani, Bart L. Clarke, Karen L. Grogg, and Ronald S. Go. "Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outcome of Patients with Erdheim-Chester Disease: The Mayo Clinic Experience." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 1405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.1405.1405.
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Abstract INTRODUCTION: Erdheim-Chester Disease (ECD) is a rare hematologic disease manifesting as granulomatous or fibrotic infiltration of long bones and non-skeletal tissues by non-Langerhans foamy histiocytic (CD68+, CD1a-, S100-) cells. The clinical presentation can be diverse and any organ can be affected. It is estimated that less than 500 cases have been reported in the literature. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients evaluated at Mayo Clinic from January 2001 to May 2014. A tissue biopsy review by pathologists at Mayo Clinic was necessary for inclusion in the study. In all cases, the diagnosis of ECD was confirmed using clinical criteria in conjunction with histopathologic findings. Clinical data such as patient characteristics, disease presentation, management strategies, treatment responses, and survival time were collected. RESULTS: Forty-five patients with confirmed ECD were included in our study. The median age at diagnosis was 53 years (range, 32-78), while the median age of onset of symptoms prior to diagnosis was 24 months (range, 1-180). There was a male predilection with a male to female ratio of 2.4. The duration of follow-up ranged from 1-168 months (median, 20). At the time of last follow-up, 38 patients were alive and 5 were dead, while the vital statuses of 2 patients were unknown. The median and mean survival times from the time of diagnosis were 150 and 130 months respectively. The median survival time from the time of symptom onset was not reached and mean time was 154 months (Figures 1A and 1B). Bone pain was the most common presenting symptom (27%). Other common presentations included diabetes insipidus (24%), abdominal pain (22%), B symptoms (13%), visual changes (13%), renal failure/obstruction (11%), pleural effusion (9%), other neurologic symptoms (9%), ataxia (7%), pericardial effusion (7%), edema (7%), dyspnea (7%), and hypertension (7%). The organs/sites involved were bone (80%), central nervous system (59%), kidneys (56%), lungs (38%), retroperitoneum (33%), heart (22%), sinuses (22%), bone marrow (14%), adrenal glands (13%), liver (11%), spleen (11%), and skin (16%). Only 18 (40%) patients had the diagnosis established by the first biopsy. The rest required multiple biopsies before the diagnosis was confirmed (median, 2; range, 1-5). Testing for BRAF V600Ewas performed in 12 patients and 8 (67%) tested positive for the mutation. Eight patients have not required ECD-specific treatment so far. Of the 37 patients who required treatment, the median number of treatments received was 2 (range, 1-7). The systemic treatments received and their response rates are summarized in Table 1. Four patients received radiotherapy but none responded. At the time of the last follow up, 5 patients with BRAFV600E were receiving treatment with vemurafenib or dabrafenib. However, follow-up is insufficient for proper assessment of response. CONCLUSIONS: ECD is an extremely rare diagnosis as exemplified in our retrospective analysis. The diagnosis is often challenging due to protean and diverse clinical presentation as well as frequent inconclusive initial biopsies. There is usually a long-latency period of smoldering symptoms leading to definitive diagnosis. A high level of suspicion is essential in order to make the diagnosis and BRAFmutation analysis should be considered an integral part of work up even if biopsy is non-diagnostic. Traditional oncologic systemic therapies and even novel rheumatologic anti-inflammatory agents generally have limited objective activity. BRAF inhibitors offer a novel treatment option and results of prospective studies are eagerly awaited. Abstract 1405. Table 1: Summary of Response to Various Treatment Modalities in Patients with ECD Therapeutic Agent Number of Patients Treated Response (%) Complete Response Partial Response Stable Disease No response Corticosteroids 11 0 0 9 91 Methotrexate 9 0 0 11 89 Cyclophosphamide 4 0 0 25 75 2-CDA 12 8 17 25 50 Interferon-α 8 0 29 14 57 Vinorelbine 4 0 50 0 50 Tumor necrosis-α factor Inhibitors 7 0 0 14 86 Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonists 6 17 17 0 67 Tamoxifen 2 0 50 0 50 Radiotherapy 4 0 0 0 100 Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Off Label Use: We report among all treatments utilized at our institution for ECD including the use of steroids, immunosupressants, TNF blockers, interleukin-1 receptor antagonists, and BRAF inhibitors in patients with Erdheim Chester Disease. These treatments, though supported by other reports in the literature, have not been explicitly approved by the FDA for ECD..
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Magomedova, A. U., E. A. Fastova, A. M. Kovrigina, T. N. Obukhova, N. I. Skidan, Ya K. Mangasarova, A. I. Vorobyev, and S. K. Kravchenko. "Bone marrow involvement in primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma." Terapevticheskii arkhiv 89, no. 7 (July 15, 2017): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/terarkh201789765-68.
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Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) is a distinct type of large B-cell lymphoma. In this type of the disease, the neoplastic process is located in the anterior and superior mediastinum, frequently with compression of the superior vena cava and with tumor invasion into the adjacent organs and tissues: the pericardium, lung, pleura, etc. Despite the fact that in PMBCL progression, there may be involvement of extranodal organs, such as the kidney, adrenal glands, liver, and central nervous system, bone marrow (BM) injury is generally absent. Since BM injury in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is an independent poor prognostic indicator, there is reason to believe that BM involvement in PMBCL affects the prognosis. These cases may need intensified induction therapy followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; and BM injury should be monitored during the therapy. The paper gives reports of clinical cases of bone marrow involvement in 2 PMBCL patients treated at the National Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.
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Kang, Chang Hyun, Kwon Joong Na, Jae Won Song, So Young Bae, Samina Park, In Kyu Park, and Young Tae Kim. "The robotic thymectomy via the subxiphoid approach: technique and early outcomes." European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery 58, Supplement_1 (February 15, 2020): i39—i43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejcts/ezaa006.
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OBJECTIVES Robotic thymectomy via the subxiphoid approach (RTX) is a recently introduced surgical approach. This study aimed to report on the surgical technique and early outcomes of RTX in our institute. METHODS RTX was performed using the 3-arm technique in the da Vinci robotic surgical system. The camera was inserted into a subxiphoid port, and 2 robotic arms were inserted in bilateral intercostal ports. A complete dissection of both cervical poles up to the thyroid gland was conducted, and bilateral phrenic nerves were identified in all cases. Radical combined resection of adjacent organs, including the lung, pericardium, phrenic nerve and the innominate vein, was performed if necessary. The resected specimen could be retrieved through the subxiphoid port site. RESULTS A total of 110 patients underwent RTX in our institute from October 2016 to August 2019. Thymoma was the most common diagnosis (60.9%), and the mean size of the tumours was 4.9 ± 2.4 cm. Combined resection was performed in the lung (n = 9, 8.1%), pericardium (n = 6, 5.5%) and innominate vein (n = 5, 4.5%). There were 2 minor postoperative complications (1.8%), and the mean length of hospital stay was 2.2 ± 1.4 days. For the cumulative sum curve analysis of the learning curve using operative time, 50 cases were necessary to gain proficiency. CONCLUSIONS RTX was a safe and feasible surgical approach, even in advanced thymic epithelial tumours. It should be considered one of the valuable surgical options in minimally invasive thymectomy.
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S Menon, Shalini, Balakrishnan R, and Manna Valliathan. "PRIMARY ECTOPIC PAPILLARY CARCINOMA OF THYROID IN THE LARYNX: AN UNUSUAL PRESENTATION." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 5 (May 1, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i5.24075.
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Ectopic thyroid is the result of the failure of migration of thyroid along its tract from the floor of the primitive foregut to its final pretracheal position. The incidence of an ectopic lesion in adults is 7%. Most common location is the base of tongue (lingual). Other diverse sites are larynx, trachea, mediastinum, and pericardium. These ectopic tissues may develop the same diseases as the thyroid gland. Here, we report a case of a young female presenting with a foreign body sensation in the throat and on examination revealed a smooth submucosal swelling involving the supraglottis. The entire cyst was excised in toto by KTP 532 laser via an endolaryngeal approach and it was reported as papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. Literature search reported only a few cases of intralaryngeal ectopic thyroid and none with a papillary carcinoma of the larynx. This is the first reported case of papillary carcinoma of thyroid in the larynx.
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Djokic, Milomir, Ivanko Bojic, Dragan Mikic, Ljubisa Mladenovic, Vesna Begovic, Srdjan Kupresanin, Veljko Mirovic, and Jovan Dimitrijevic. "Multiorgan tuberculosis." Vojnosanitetski pregled 59, no. 3 (2002): 317–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp0203317d.
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Tuberculosis is an unusual infectious disease because of the latent period between the infection and the appearance of the disease may be prolonged for many weeks, months, or years as it is in case of the secondary tuberculosis. Tuberculosis in organs other than the lung has been observed for many years but has not always been recognized as tuberculosis, and it has been given many names. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis gained new importance, because it represented a progressively greater proportion of new cases. Multiple extrapulmonary sites were reported rarely except for one anatomical site, which was reported frequently. Extrapulmonary rates increase with age, so there are marked differences in age in specific rate patterns among the sites. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis occurred in respiratory organs other than lung, such as lymphatic, urogenital, and central nervous system, abdominal, osteoarticular, as well as tuberculosis of other organs such as skin, pericardium and endocrine glands. This case was reported to analyse clinical, morphologic and laboratory characteristics, method of diagnosis and the outcome in patients with multiorgan tuberculosis in order to explore the factors which might contribute to the decision making, concerning these forms of tuberculosis. Recent knowledge of pathogenesis was summarized as well as clinical presentation and the effects of cytokines produced by T lymphocytes and cellular population on antimycobacterial immune defences, and also susceptibility to tuberculosis. Mortality remains high and the treatment should start as soon as tuberculosis is suspected.
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Shrestha, Samrat, Kamal Sharma Lamsal, Bhakta Dev Shreshtha, and Sunny Bajracharya. "Cardiovascular Manifestations of Primary Hypothyroidism." Med Phoenix 6, no. 2 (February 16, 2022): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/medphoenix.v6i2.36794.
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Introduction Hypothyroidism is clinical syndrome that results from decreased secretion of thyroid hormone from thyroid gland. Primary Hypothyroidism accounts for 90-95% of all cases of hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism has various cardiovascular manifestations. With aim for early prevention and management of cardiovascular manifestation in hypothyroidism this study was conducted. Materials and Methods A cross sectional observational study was conducted in Department of Medicine in Bir Hospital. Ethical clearance from Institutional Review Board, National Academy of Medical Sciences was taken. A total of 70 patients with untreated Primary Hypothyroidism were randomly selected without any prior known comorbidities or under any medication. Data were collected and entered in Microsoft Excel to tabulate data and analyse results. Results Out of 70 enrolled participants, 41 cases were subclinical hypothyroidism and 29 overt/clinical hypothyroidism with 80% female and 20% male. Most common presenting cardiovascular symptoms was peripheral odema (60%) followed by easy fatiguability (47.14%). Body Mass Index (BMI) and Hypertension was higher in majority of cases 70% and 60% respectively. Dyslipidemia was present in 48.57% of cases among which majority changes were in triglyceride and total cholesterol level. Abnormality in ECG were seen in only 22.85% of cases with T wave abnormality (18.57%) being most common followed by sinus bradycardia (14.28%). Echocardiography was abnormal in 7.14% of cases with 2.86% showing pericardial effusion. Conclusion Cardiovascular manifestations were present in majority of patients of primary hypothyroidism especially High BMI, Hypertension and Dyslipidemia. Screening of newly diagnosed primary hypothyroidism for cardiovascular manifestations thus should be done routinely in all patients.
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Ohtsuka, Toshiya, Mikio Ninomiya, and Takahiro Nonaka. "Thymopericardial Augmented Encasement for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery." Innovations: Technology and Techniques in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery 4, no. 4 (July 2009): 206–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/imi.0b013e3181b09219.
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Objective A pedicled prepericardial fat flap was created to augment the pericardial cavity and applied for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. The efficacy and durability of this method were investigated. Methods Between July 2005 and November 2008, the present technique was applied for consecutive 245 patients (165 men and 80 women, aged 67 ± 8.3 years) undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting in which 240 (98.0%) were off-pump cases. The left and/or right internal thoracic artery and the gastroepiploic artery were used in 244 and 160 patients, respectively, and the saphenous vein and the radial artery were used in 51 and 10 patients, respectively. Ninety-seven (40.0%) patients had been diabetic, 18 (7.3%) had had chronic renal failure, and three were redo cases. The prepericardial soft tissue, involving the pedicled thymic gland, was dissected en bloc and sewn with pericardiotomies to wrap the heart and the grafts. Angiography or three-dimensional computed tomography was used to assess the intrapericardial pathways of each graft and a long-term durability of the fat pad. Results Early angiography or three-dimensional computed tomography proved that the graft pathways were unaffected by the encasements. Resternotomies in two patients and sternal treatments for infectious dehiscence in two patients were safely achievable. Five-year postoperative computed tomography showed the intact fat pad in the retrosternal space. Conclusions The present technique can encase the heart not the least jeopardizing each pathway of the grafts, and the durable fat pad functions protectively when the sternotomy is either reopened or infected.