Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Performance measures'
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Chibba, Aron. "Measuring supply chain performance : prioritizing performance measures /." Luleå : Luleå University of Technology, 2007. http://epubl.luth.se/1402-1757/2007/49.
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Stec, David J. (David Joseph) 1968. "Performance measures for lean manufacturing." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9887.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; and, (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 1998.Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-84).
by David J. Stec.
M.B.A.
S.M.
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Chirico, Kristina Eva Lewis Philip M. "Predicting objective measures of performance." Auburn, Ala., 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1286.
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Huang, Rong 1973. "Exploration of brand equity measures : linking customer mind-set measure to product-market performance measure." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115606.
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Motivation: Various brand equity measures have been proposed in extant literature. Few researches have explored the theoretical similarities, differences and relationship between different brand equity measures. In the thesis, I will explore two types of brand equity measures, namely customer mind-set measures and product-market performance measures. In particular, I will look at: 1) the correlation between the two types of measures; 2) which measure reflects the underlying brand equity construct better; 3) the impacts of marketing mix elements on the two types measures respectively; and 4) the prediction relationship between customer mind-set measure and product-market performance measure.Theoretical Framework: My main theoretical framework will be brand equity literature. I draw upon the Brand Value Chain framework (Keller & Lehmann, 2(03) to explore the conceptual differences between two types of brand equity measurements, namely customer mind-set and product-market performance measurements. Furthermore, I also use Keller's (1993) Customer-Based Brand Equity concept to explore how specific marketing activities impact the brand equity theoretically.
Data and Methodology: This thesis measures brand equity by two methods: customer mind-set (Keller, 1993) and revenue premium (Ailawadi, Lehmann, & Neslin, 2(03). I use two types of data in the empirical analyses. Survey data, procured from a consumer-packaged product company 1, is used to measure customer mind-set brand equity. This unique data consists of proprietary equity scan surveys on 11 brands from 2004 -- 2006 in the United States. The measurement model of brand equity is rooted in Keller's customer-based brand equity concept (1993). The measurements include brand awareness, brand performance, brand image, brand judgment, brand feelings and brand resonance (Keller, 2(01). The second data is from commercial sources, including IRI and TNS, for the specific brands and time periods corresponding to the survey data and includes revenue premium, price, sales, distribution, promotion, and advertising information. Various techniques are employed for analyses including descriptive and reliability analyses, correlation analyses, multiple-regression, and cross-validation.
Contribution: The contribution ofthis thesis is threefold. Firstly, it sheds light on the underlying theory and relationship between two types of brand equity measurements and provides empirical test of the theory. Secondly, it provides a systematic exploration of the impact of marketing mix elements on brand equity using real market data and two different measurements. Third, it offers very practical guidance for managers on how to choose a specific brand equity measures and how to track the brand equity measures over time for their brands.
1Because a confidential agreement with this company, the company name, brands name as well as product category will be disguised in the thesis.
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Jivsäter, Andreas, and Marcus Martinsson. "A comparison of management performance measures." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-21644.
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Eltemsahi, Ayman. "A systemic approach to performance measures." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341433.
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Young, Charles William. "Measures of environmental performance in business." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285841.
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Erasmus, Petrus Daniel. "Evaluating value based financial performance measures." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1407.
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Thesis (PhD (Economics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2008.The primary financial objective of a firm is the maximisation of its shareholders’ value. A problem faced by the shareholders of a firm is that it is difficult to determine the effect of management decisions on the future share returns of the firm. Furthermore, it may be necessary to implement certain monitoring costs to ensure that management is focused on achieving this objective. A firm would, therefore, benefit from being able to identify those financial performance measures that are able to link the financial performance of the firm to its share returns. Implementing such a financial performance measure in the valuation and reward systems of a firm should ensure that management is aligned with the objective of shareholder value maximisation, and rewarded for achieving it. A large number of traditional financial performance measures have been developed. These measures are often criticised for excluding a firm’s cost of capital, and are considered inappropriate to be used when evaluating value creation. Furthermore, it is argued that these measures are based on accounting information, which could be distorted by Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (GAAP). Studies investigating the relationship between these measures and share returns also provide conflicting results. As a result of the perceived limitations of traditional measures, value based financial performance measures were developed. The major difference between the traditional and value based measures is that the value based measures include a firm’s cost of capital in their calculation. They also attempt to remove some of the accounting distortions resulting from GAAP. Proponents of the value based measures present these measures as a major improvement over the traditional financial performance measures and report high levels of correlation between the measures and share returns. A number of studies containing contradictory results have been published. On the basis of these conflicting results it is not clear whether the value based measures are able to outperform the traditional financial performance measures in explaining share returns. The primary objectives of this study are thus to: • Determine the relationship between the traditional measures earnings before extraordinary items (EBEI) and cash from operations (CFO), and shareholder value creation; • Investigate the value based measures residual income (RI), economic value added (EVA), cash value added (CVA) and cash flow return on investments (CFROI), and to determine their relationship with the creation of shareholder value; • Evaluate the incremental information content of the value based measures above the traditional measures. The information content of the traditional measures and the value based measures are evaluated by employing an approach developed by Biddle, Bowen and Wallace (1997). The first phase of this approach entails the evaluation of the relative information content of the various measures in order to determine which measure explains the largest portion of a firm’s market-adjusted share returns. The second phase consists of an evaluation of the incremental information content of the components of a measure in order to determine whether the inclusion of an additional component contributes statistically significant additional information beyond that contained in the other components. The study is conducted for South African industrial firms listed on the Johannesburg Securities Exchange for the period 1991 to 2005. The data required to calculate the measures investigated in the study are obtained from the McGregor BFA database. This database contains annual standardised financial statements for listed and delisted South African firms. It also contains EVA, cost of capital and invested capital amounts for those firms listed at the end of the research period. Including only these listed firms in the research sample would expose the study to a survivorship bias. Hence these values are estimated for those firms that delisted during the period under review by employing a similar approach to the one used in the database. The resulting sample consists of 364 firms providing 3181 complete observations. Since different information is required to calculate the various measures included in the study, different samples are compiled from this initial sample and included in the tests conducted to evaluate the information content of the measures. The results of this study indicate that the value based measures are not able to outperform EBEI in the majority of the relative information content tests. Furthermore, the measures EVA, CVA and CFROI are also not able to outperform the relatively simple value based measure RI. The results from the incremental information content tests indicate that although some of the components of the value based measures provide statistically significant incremental information content, the level of significance for these relatively complex adjustments is generally low. Based on these results, the claims made by the proponents of the value based measures cannot be supported. Furthermore, if a firm intends to incorporate its cost of capital in its financial performance measures, the measure RI provides most of the benefits contained in the other more complex value based measures.
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Yuksel, Hasan Zafer. "Performance measures: Traditional versus new models." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2006. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3086.
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The thesis analyzed the performance of 5,987 mutual funds using a database called Steele Mutual Fund Experts and compared the predicting ability of various measures of performance. The measures discussed in the thesis are Treynor Ratio, Sharpe Ratio, Jensen's Alpha, Graham-Harvey-1 (GH-1), and Graham-Harvey-2 (GH-2). The performance measures are mostly used by professional money managers and scholars for literary purposes.
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Krishnapillai, Alagesan. "Understanding key performance indicators through driver measures." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28321.
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Performance management is a vital part of every organization for its success and long term survival in the current competitive global market place. An organization needs a sound performance management framework to analyze its data to make strategic and tactical decisions. The weaknesses in today's performance management frameworks are linked to their inability to integrate strategy formulation with implementation.
In our thesis, we introduce D river Measure Models that can define cause-and-effect relationship between d river measures and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for effective performance management and strategic alignment. Driver Measure Models make the performance management more dynamic as the operational activities are linked to strategies.
Another contribution of the thesis is the identification of mathematical techniques to quantify relationships between KPIs and driver measures. Thesis makes an effort to show how mathematical techniques can be used for planning and forecasting outcomes while changing strategies. After conducting analysis using the mathematical techniques, organization can arrive at a set of operational tasks associated to driver measures which need to be executed to achieve its optimal result.
Finally, we identified the essential set of criteria that a performance management framework needs to address through a literature survey and a gap analysis of existing frameworks. We created an extension to the Balanced Scorecard framework based on Driver Measure Models and support for the management of external factors to address these criteria and compared it to existing frameworks using a case study.
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Park, Jae Young. "Performance measures for carousel storage/retrieval system." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24528.
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Fatemi-Ghomi, Navid. "Performance measures for wavelet-based segmentation algorithms." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1997. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/794/.
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Schwartz, Jonathan D. (Jonathan Daniel). "Analysis and development of manufacturing performance measures." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12093.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 1994, and Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1994.Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-76).
by Jonathan D. Schwartz.
M.S.
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Santos, Domingos Ogando dos. "Lean performance measures in a supply chain." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/10507.
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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em
Engenharia e Gestão IndustrialIn the existing global economic context it is crucial that companies understand the importance of the supply chain, so that they can maintain their respective competitive advantage. Several of the supply chain’s approaches consider the customer and the definition of value as key features. One easily associates the Lean philosophy to supply chains, with its basis of continuous improvement and elimination of waste. Companies which employ this philosophy begin with lean thinking, which highlights the customer and the definition of value. Therefore it is vital that companies identify what constitutes added value to the customer. Thus we arrive at the reasons which have led to the creation of this dissertation. The motivation concerns the small amount of data found upon reviewing the existing literature of the application of Lean philosophy to the Wood-Plastic Composite Industry (WPC). Consequently the study’s main goal is the identification of Lean performance measures. This dissertation contains concepts of Lean philosophy and strategy to provide background for its practical part, after which, we explain the applied methodology: identification of the performance measures, application of strategy analysis tools, the development of a survey and its statistical treatment and finally interviews to management. The results of the surveys have provided results which have helped identify the most important categories: time and flexibility; and the most relevant performance measures. The interviews’ results provided input on management’s knowledge and expectations of Lean, and the discovery of possible areas for improvement. The major conclusion of this study is the importance given to Lean performance measures in the WPC industry’s context, which can help in the implementation of Lean.
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Johnson, Christian Marie. "Quality and Performance Measures in Pediatric Dentistry." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1371821581.
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Izagirre, Ane. "Interpolation approximations for steady-state performance measures." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAT0019/document.
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L'analyse de la performance à l'état stationnaire dans de nombreux systèmes de files d'attente est complexe et les résultats sous forme explicite ne sont disponibles que dans des cas particuliers. Nous avons donc développé des approximations pour des critères de performance importants à l'état stationnaire tels que la longueur de la file d'attente, le temps d'attente et le temps de traitement total. Nous analysons d'abord la performance dans des cas à faible et fort trafic. Nous montrons ensuite comment développer une approximation basée sur une interpolation qui est valable pour n'importe quelle condition de trafic. Un avantage de l'approche proposée est qu'elle n'est pas dépendante d’un modèle particulier et donc elle peut être appliquée à d'autres modèles de files d'attente complexes. Nous appliquons cette technique pour trois modèles largement utilisés dans l'évaluation des performances des réseaux stochastiques : le modèle du supermarché, la file d'attente Discriminatory-Processor-Sharing (DPS) et la file d'attente Relative Priority (RP). Le modèle du supermarché est une file d'attente à plusieurs serveurs où lorsqu’un client arrive, deux serveurs sont choisis au hasard dans un ensemble de serveurs. La politique Join-the-Shortest-Queue (JSQ) est ensuite utilisée parmi les deux serveurs sélectionnés. DPS et RP sont deux files d'attente à plusieurs classes et à serveur unique mettant en œuvre des priorités relatives entre les clients des différentes classes. La discipline DPS sert tous les clients simultanément, tandis que RP sert un seul client à la fois de manière non-préemptive. Nous montrons que dans certains cas, l'interpolation est exacte. Nous utilisons ensuite cette approximation pour déduire comment la performance dépend des paramètres des modèles, et nous effectuons des expériences numériques illustrant la précision de l'interpolation dans un grand nombre de cas de figureThe analysis of the steady-state performance in many queuing systems is complex and closed-form results are available only in particular cases. We therefore set out to develop approximations for important performance measures in steady-state such as the queue length vector, waiting time and sojourn time. We first analyse the performance in a light-traffic and heavy-traffic regime. We then show how to develop an interpolation-based approximation that is valid for any load in the system. An advantage of the approach taken is that it is not model dependent and hence could potentially be applied to other complex queuing models. We apply this technique to three widely used models in the performance evaluation of stochastic networks: The supermarket model, the Discriminatory-Processor-Sharing (DPS) queue and the Relative Priority (RP) queue. The supermarket model is a multi-server queue where upon arrival of a customer two servers are selected at random from the available pool of servers. The Join-the-Shortest-Queue policy is then used in isolation with these two servers. DPS and RP are both single-server multi-class queues that implement relative priorities among customers of the various classes. The DPS discipline serves all customers simultaneously while RP serves one customer at a time in a non-preemptive way. We show that in some instances the interpolation approximation is exact. We then use the approximation to draw structural insights onto the performance of the system, and we carry out numerical experiments that illustrate that the interpolation approximation is accurate over a wide range of parameters
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Rampini, Francesco <1995>. "Performance measures forecasting applying Machine Learning methods." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/21339.
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The goal of this thesis is to improve performance management and business choices applying Machine Learning (ML) methods, exploiting the opportunities offered by Big Data. In fact, Big Data with the support of Business Intelligence (BI) and Business Analytics (BA) may be utilized to analyze large volumes of data in order to build machine learning algorithms to assist organizations to make better and faster decisions.
In particular, building a forecasting model for a KPI or for other performance measures is useful because helps to plan and manage the business, to discover the influence exercisable and find leverage to improve the performance measurements. Moreover, the purpose is to analyze the outgoing orders using Machine Learning to calculate and predict a date for the actual delivery, allowing to optimize the choices related to orders and, consequently, overall business performance.
Therefore, having insight into future KPI or other performance measures trends provides opportunities for business managers to take preventative actions that can circumvent unwanted business situations. In this thesis, the importance of Performance Management and Business Intelligence (BI) is analyzed and how machine learning methods can help the areas mentioned. The aim is the study of an AutoML model and an additional framework for analyzing and forecasting performance measures by the application of more recent machine learning and deep learning techniques.
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MADORMO, FILOMENA. "Model Averaging using performance and distance measures." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/88349.
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In this work we introduce the problem of forecast combination using performance and distance measures for binary outcome. The thesis is focused on model averaging for parametric and non parametric approaches, with a special attention on temporal dependent and independent models.
In terms of results, we combine single models using performance measures and we investigate how distance measure based on the Mahalanobis distance can lead to interesting results for model combination.
In order to assess the stability and the predictive capability of the models at hand, we employ different cross-validation techniques: Bootstrap cross-validation, 10-fold cross validation and Leave One Out cross-validation.
Empirical evidence are give on a real application to predict default probabilities of Small and Medium Enterprises.
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Charek, Daniel B. "Differentiating Maximal and Typical Performance Measures: The Impact of Ego Depletion on Measures of Maximal and Typical Cognition." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1470104098.
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Salloum, Mohammed. "Managing change in performance measures within a manufacturing context." Doctoral thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-18691.
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Even though the literature available within the field of performance measurement and management (PMM) is extensive, a gap exists regarding how change is managed in performance measures (PM). This gap is corroborated by the empirical data underlining that only a few organisations have mechanisms in place for managing PM change. The need to manage change in PM arises from the consensus that performance measurement systems (PMS) should reflect the strategy and direct environments of the company. As both strategies and environments are dynamic in nature the PMS ought to possess the capability to change. The paradox of combining dynamic strategies and environments with static PMS has created problems for companies as the competitive conditions change over time. With this background in mind, the purpose of this thesis is to contribute to the existing body of knowledge regarding how to manage change in performance measures. The contribution from this research will stem from analysis of six empirical studies and the results will be concluded in a set of guidelines regarding how to manage change in PM in practice. This thesis has adopted a systems perspective and takes a qualitative, case-study based approach. In total six case studies and three literature studies have been conducted. The case studies have been conducted on three different continents and have focused on the deployed ways for managing change in PM and how the PM have evolved over time. The first literature study focused on the general literature within the field of PMM, the second literature study focused on the literature revolving around keeping PM updated and relevant over time whilst the third and concluding literature study focused on further expanding the theoretical base on how to manage change in PM and how PM evolve and change after their implementation. This thesis concludes that extensive PM change is necessary over time in order to establish and maintain appropriate PM, continuously improve the measurement process and boost performance. Further, in converse to the various approaches suggested in literature, all six approaches identified in the case studies are processes. Furthermore, each PM change process differs from another as highlighted in the empirical findings chapter. Finally, 11 factors have been identified from the theoretical and empirical findings that affect the ability to manage change in PM: level of process documentation, process ownership, employee involvement and alignment (as an embedded part of the PM change process design), communication, culture, role of top-management, IT-infrastructure capabilities, resources available for facilitation, PM ownership and education. Finally, eight guidelines have been developed addressing how to manage change in performance measures.
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Benjamin, Tim. "A study to determine performance measures in high performance service organizations." Online version, 2004. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2004/2004benjamint.pdf.
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Wang, Haiyuan. "A study of system performance measures for intermodal transportation." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2004. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-04122004-202737.
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Aartun, Eirik Nikolai, and Håkon Leknes. "Strategic ambulance location: optimization with multiple performance measures." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-26097.
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Emergency medical services (EMS) have been of interest for operations research since the middle of the 1960‘s. Since then there have been published numerous articles on the location of ambulances stations, allocation of ambulances, dispatching of vehicles, re-deployment of ambulances and evaluation methods. This thesis presents a new problem for the location of ambulance stations and allocation of ambulances in heterogeneous regions, referred to as the Maximum Expected Performance Location Problem for Heterogeneous Regions (MEPLP-HR). The problem applies multiple performance measures as well as station specific probabilities for the availability of ambulances at a station. Compared with earlier problems, the MEPLP-HR is more realistic for heterogeneous regions as the service rate of ambulances in the problem depends on the area a station covers. A mixed integer linear model is proposed to solve the problem. The probability for available ambulances is found by utilizing queuing theory together with the service rate and arrival rate of calls for each station. In contrast to recent models, the probability for available ambulances is calculated within the model. Hence, it is not necessary to use iterative solution approaches. The formulation is strengthened using valid inequalities and a reformulation of a restriction. With the strengthening constraints, both the solutions and the best bounds are improved.The computational studies are performed on the heterogeneous region of Sør-Trøndelag in Norway. For this region, the model is able to find a realistic solution that has a higher expected performance than the current solution on each of the given performance measures. The model is also tested with different weights for the performance measures, with the conclusion that the weights significantly affect the locations and allocation of stations and ambulances. By using the model as a decision support tool, three real managerial cases are analyzed together with potential solutions. The first case concerns the importance of taking multiple time periods into account when planning. The results from the computational study indicate that it is sufficient to plan for the busiest period. The second case analyzes the consequences and potential mitigating actions for closing down a local emergency room (ER). By closing the local ER, the travel time to ER will increase significantly for the zones close to the local ER. However, adding an extra ambulance and ambulance station can to some degree mitigate this effect. The third case concerns the benefit of transferring all non-urgent transport calls to designated non-urgent transport vehicles. The analysis in this case shows that there is a potential to reduce the number of ambulances by one fifth if designated non-urgent vehicles are introduced.This thesis consists of a report and two articles. The report is the main part of the thesis and contains all of our results and analyses. The articles are found as separate works after the report. The first one, "Strategic ambulance location for heterogeneous regions", presents the problem, the proposed model and technical characteristics. The second article, "Strategic Emergency Medical Service Planning - Three Case Studies", presents how the model can be applied as a decision support tool. The articles are based on the report, hence the report and articles are to some degrees overlapping.
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Fakiolas, Alexander-Orestis. "Reliance on accounting performance measures : an empirical investigation." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333859.
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Lean-Suan, Khor Amy. "Performance measures for the Singapore office space market." Thesis, University of Reading, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266617.
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Kostakis, Alexandros. "Essays on dynamic asset allocation and performance measures." Thesis, University of York, 2008. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/11078/.
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The present thesis examines two central issues in financial theory, optimal portfolio choice and investment performance evaluation, when the restrictive assumptions of the traditional static, mean-variance framework of analysis are relaxed. Chapter 2 presents a series of model specifications for the risky asset's returns and the underlying risk factor and derives the corresponding optimal portfolio choices. It shows how important the modelling assumptions are for the implementation of dynamic asset allocation in practice and it contributes to the literature by examining the impact of horizon effects on portfolio choice in the presence of both predictability and stochastic volatility in asset returns. Moreover, this chapter shows how important is the introduction of an asset that completes the market and allows investors to hedge against the shocks that affect their opportunity set, Chapter 3 examines the bond portfolio choice of a long-term investor, making use of a macro-finance term structure model that allows for time-varying risk premia. This chapter shows how important is the failure of the expectations hypothesis for both myopic and long-term investors, since the time-variation in the bond premia dictates a market timing behaviour for investment as well as for hedging purposes. Incorporating macroeconomic information, that plays a significant role in bond pricing, we examine how this can be used for the formation of optimal portfolios by long-term investors. Furthermore, this chapter serves as an evaluation of the very recent term structure models from an asset allocation perspective, drawing the attention to the correlation and the covariance structure of the bond returns. Chapter 4 employs the Harvey-Siddique asset pricing model and evaluates a sample of UK equity unit trusts, proposing the intercept of this model, that is termed as the Harvey-Siddique alpha, as a new performance measure. This asset pricing model adds to the CAPM the returns of a negative coskewness strategy as an extra risk factor. Constructing this factor for the UK stock market, it is shown that negative coskewness bears a high risk premium. This framework allows us to examine how the adoption of specific performance measures generates incentives in fund management. In particular, we provide evidence that fund managers, who are evaluated by mean-variance performance measures, are incentivized to load negative coskewness risk to their portfolios in order to reap the corresponding premium and present it as outperformance. Chapter 5 overviews the contributions of this thesis, discusses the numerous issues that arise from the present results and outlines the following steps in our research agenda.
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Abbadi, Sinan Sulieman. "Information content and interrelationships of multiple performance measures." Thesis, Durham University, 2009. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1961/.
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Kozhedubova, Zhanna. "Corporate governance and performance measures : the Spanish case." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/9116.
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Mestrado em FinançasCorporate Governance é um dos temas com maior interesse público pela importância demonstrada para a saúde económica das empresas e da sociedade em geral. A importância dele baseia-se principalmente pelo estabelecimento de regras que definem as relações entre os gestores, accionistas e membros de conselho de administração. Esta tese tem como objetivo investigar a relação entre desempenho da empresa e corporate governance das 62 empresas espanholas selecionadas da Bolsa de Madrid no intervalo de tempo entre 2005 e 2012. Neste estudo foram usados três tipos de variáveis de desempenho, Financeiro (Retorno de Capital), de Mercado (Retorno das Acções) e Operacional (Retorno dos Ativos). Para o efeito utilizou-se um modelo de regressão linear com dados em painel. No final deste estudo concluímos que variáveis de Corporate Governance tais como: concentração de accionista, número de membros no conselho de administração, número de membros independentes têm forte impacto sobre o desempenho da empresa.
Corporate governance has been one of the subjects with a strong public interest because of its apparent importance for the economic health of corporations and society in general. His importance sets especially on definition of the relationship be-tween management, board directors and shareholders. This study researches the relationships among firm performance and the corpo-rate governance measures for 62 Spanish firms between 2005 and 2012. We use three types of firm performance variables, the Financial (Return on Equity), the Market (Stock Return) and the Operating (Return on Assets). For this purpose we have used a linear regression model with panel data. This analysis led to the conclusion of those corporate governance variables like shareholder concentration, number of independent board members and number of board members have strong influence on the firm.
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Santos, Steven Castela dos. "Corporate governance and performance measures : the French case." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/8961.
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Mestrado em FinançasO objetivo deste estudo é analisar algumas medidas de governo de sociedades, em especial variáveis de composição do conselho de administração, e a sua relação com a performance da empresa. Através de uma amostra de empresas francesas do Índice bolsista SBF120 pertencente à NYSE Euronext, foi possível construir uma base de dados de painel, desde 2005 a 2012, com 71 empresas e 10 variáveis. Os três indicadores usados para avaliar a performance das empresas, ROE, ROA e Tobin´s Q apresentaram resultados significativos em relação à existência de uma associação negativa entre a independência dos membros do conselho de administração e a performance da empresa o que corrobora a hipótese em estudo. Em relação à presença de mulheres no conselho de administração os resultados são contrários à hipótese formulada, constatando uma associação negativa com o ROE e o Tobin´s Q. A hipótese que relaciona negativamente o tamanho do conselho de administração com a performance da empresa apresentou resultados divergentes, o que não permite apresentar conclusões sustentadas.
The aim of this study is to analyze some measures of corporate governance, especially board composition variables, and their relation with firm performance. Given a sample of French companies of the SBF120 Index belonging to NYSE Euronext, it was possible to build a panel database, from 2005-2012, with 71 companies, and 10 variables. The three proxies used for firm performance, ROE, ROA and Tobin´s Q presented significant results regarding the existence of a negative association between board independence and firm performance and the hypothesis in study was corroborated. Regarding the presence of female board members the results went against the formulated hypothesis, finding a negative association with ROE and Tobin´s Q. The hypothesis that relates the board size with firm performance has presented mixed findings, so a conclusion is not consistent.
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Vikram, Rakesh. "Exploration of executive performance measures in manufacturing organizations." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2000. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/20480/.
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The aims of this research are: (A) to examine current practices in executive performance measures in manufacturing; and (B) to propose a model for executive performance measures that reflects both the aspirations of practitioners and the issues raised in academic literature. Executives in the context of this research are defined as the leaders of their organizations who "exercise strategic management not only via the more obvious dimensions of analysis, policy formulation, evaluation and planning but also in their behaviour" (Burke, 1986:64). So executive performance is considered in terms of the roles and responsibilities of executives as leaders, their strategic objectives and their behaviours. The purpose of executive performance measures is to provide an improved understanding of the issues of executive performance. A holistic approach is taken in this research in exploring executive performance measures by addressing the following questions: What are the executive roles and responsibilities in practice? What are the strategic objectives of executives in practice? What are the desired behaviours of executives in practice? What current executive performance measures are used in practice? In the light of these questions, is it possible to create a model for executiveperformance measures? The fieldwork was conducted in three medium sized manufacturing companies using a qualitative case study approach that included direct observation in the form of workshadowing (Mintzberg, 1973), repertory grid technique (Gammack and Stephens, 1994) and semi-structured interviews. The main findings from the fieldwork are that the current practices in executive performance measures in manufacturing organizations favour measures for performance output, particularly in relation to the financial and internal business process perspectives. By contrast the executives themselves feel the practical need for measures, which include executive behaviours alongside the performance output measures. The principal contribution of this research is a model for considering measures for executive performance outputs together with measures for executive behaviours in achieving those outputs. This model (which goes further than any previous model in the field) will allow its users to consider measures to improve executive performance. The aim is that any improvement in the executive performance will contribute to the improved performance and competitive position of their organization.
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Hughes, Steven Patrick. "Formation Flying Performance Measures for Earth Pointing Missions." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36483.
Full textAbstract:
Clusters of low-performance spacecraft flying in formation may
provide enhanced performance over single high-performance
spacecraft. This is especially true for remote sensing missions
where interferometry or stereographic imaging may provide higher
resolution data. The configurations of such formations vary
during an orbit due to orbital dynamics, and over longer time
scales due to perturbations. Selection of a configuration should
be based on overall performance of the formation. In this thesis,
performance measures are developed and evaluated based on
integration over one orbit. The measures involve the angular
separation of spacecraft, the distance between spacecraft, and an
area-based measure of the separation of the spacecraft. Numerical
techniques are employed to evaluate the performance measures to
determine optimal scenarios for two formations. Simplifying
assumptions are made to allow a closed-form analytic solution and
the results are compared to those obtained numerically. Finally,
the sensitivity of the measures to linearized propagation
techniques is investigated.Master of Science
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Louivion, Simon, and Felicia Pettersson. "Analysis of Performance Measures That Affect NBA Salaries." Thesis, KTH, Matematisk statistik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-209790.
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This thesis investigates which factors that affect the salary for basketball players in the NBA and if the salary cap has achieved its purpose. The data for this project was collected from basketball-reference.com and consisted of performance measures from season 2015/2016 and salaries from the beginning of the season 2016/2017. The study was performed by using multiple linear regression analysis in the software R and the data was handled in Excel. The results from the regression indicates that position point guard, if the player has played in D-league or not,Age, Offensive rebounds, Assists, Steals, Two point attempts, Three point attempts, Free throw attempts, Field goal percentage, Usage percentage and Defensive rating are the main factors that affect the salary. The performance measures that had the greatest were two and three point attempts. The regression model achieved an explanatory level of 57:4%. In complementary to analyze if the salary cap has achieved its purpose, a literature analysis was used and showed that the salary cap systems in North America are neither accurately designed nor do they satisfy the intentions of what they were set to achieve.Denna rapport undersöker vilka prestationsfaktorer som påverkar lönen för basketspelare i NBA och om NBA’s salary cap (lönetak) har uppnått sitt syfte. Datan för projektet hämtades från basketball-reference.com och bestod utav spelarstatistik ifrån säsong 2015/2016 och lön ifrån början av säsong 2016/2017. Undersökningen utfördes genom linjär regressions analys med hjälp utav mjukvaruprogrammet R och datan hanterades i Excel. Resultatet från regressionen visar att positionen point guard, om spelaren spelat i D-league eller inte, ålder, offensiva returer, assists, steals, 2-poängsförsök, 3-poängsförsök, straffkastsförsök, field goal procent, användningsprocent och defensiv rating är faktorer som påverkar lönesättningen. Prestationsmåtten med störst påverkan var 2-poängsförsök och 3-poängsförsök. Regressionsmodellen uppnådde en förklaringsgrad på 57:4%. Motsvarande, för att analysera om NBA’s salary cap har uppnått sitt syfte gjordes en litteraturstudie som visade att salary cap-systemen i Nordamerika varken är korrekt utformade eller uppfyller sina ursprungliga syften.
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Taylor, Leah Kristine. "Objective measures of operating room wire navigation performance." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5656.
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There is no widely accepted tool to assess an orthopedic surgeon’s technical skill in the operating room. With changes in surgical education, simulators are being investigated for learning and assessing technical skills, but a link between the actual operating room is needed to ensure they are effective. Hip fracture surgery is a good starting point to develop these measures because hip fractures are common and fixation is a difficult task.
Resident orthopedic surgeons wore a head-mounted video camera during hip fracture surgery. Data collected included: duration, number of x-ray images, the supervising surgeon intervention, and tip-apex distance (TAD, a measure of how accurate the implant is placed). To determine the reliability of these measurements, four raters performed them for two cases. Ten raters measured the tip-apex distance (TAD) on 7 cases. These performance metrics for 15 cases were compared to experience of the residents, both point in residency and number of previous cases. A composite performance score was computed using the four metrics. The metrics were also compared to two practicing surgeons’ assessment of skill.
The inter-rater reliability of the performance metrics was high (0.97-0.99) showing these measures are consistent between different raters and useful for assessment. There was a significant relationship between resident experience and the metrics of duration and TAD. Expert opinion was related to duration.
These metrics provide objective assessment of resident technical performance in the operating room by a non-expert, an important step towards competency based education. Their validity is shown with correlation to surgical experience.
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Löfström, Tuve. "Utilizing Diversity and Performance Measures for Ensemble Creation." Licentiate thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Handels- och IT-högskolan, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-3509.
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An ensemble is a composite model, aggregating multiple base models into one predictive model. An ensemble prediction, consequently, is a function of all included base models. Both theory and a wealth of empirical studies have established that ensembles are generally more accurate than single predictive models. The main motivation for using ensembles is the fact that combining several models will eliminate uncorrelated base classifier errors. This reasoning, however, requires the base classifiers to commit their errors on different instances – clearly there is no point in combining identical models. Informally, the key term diversity means that the base classifiers commit their errors independently of each other. The problem addressed in this thesis is how to maximize ensemble performance by analyzing how diversity can be utilized when creating ensembles. A series of studies, addressing different facets of the question, is presented. The results show that ensemble accuracy and the diversity measure difficulty are the two individually best measures to use as optimization criterion when selecting ensemble members. However, the results further suggest that combinations of several measures are most often better as optimization criteria than single measures. A novel method to find a useful combination of measures is proposed in the end. Furthermore, the results show that it is very difficult to estimate predictive performance on unseen data based on results achieved with available data. Finally, it is also shown that implicit diversity achieved by varied ANN architecture or by using resampling of features is beneficial for ensemble performance.Sponsorship:
This work was supported by the Information Fusion Research Program (www.infofusion.se) at the University of Skövde, Sweden, in partnership with the Swedish Knowledge Foundation under grant 2003/0104.
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Rodrigues, Flavio Alles. "Study of load distribution measures for high-performance applications." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/149593.
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Balanceamento de carga é essencial para que aplicações paralelas tenham desempenho adequado. Conforme sistemas de computação paralelos crescem, o custo de uma má distribuição de carga também aumenta. Porém, o comportamento dinâmico que a carga computacional possui em certas aplicações pode induzir disparidades na carga atribuída a cada recurso. Portanto, o repetitivo processo de redistribuição de carga realizado durante a execução é crucial para que problemas de grande escala que possuam tais características possam ser resolvidos. Medidas que quantifiquem a distribuição de carga são um importante aspecto desse procedimento. Por estas razões, métricas frequentemente utilizadas como indicadores da distribuição de carga em aplicações paralelas são investigadas nesse estudo. Dado que balanceamento de carga é um processo dinâmico e recorrente, a investigação examina como tais métricas quantificam a distribuição de carga em intervalos regulares durante a execução da aplicação paralela. Seis métricas são avaliadas: percent imbalance, imbalance percentage, imbalance time, standard deviation, skewness e kurtosis. A análise revela virtudes e deficiências que estas medidas possuem, bem como as diferenças entres as mesmas como descritores da distribuição de carga em aplicações paralelas. Uma investigação como esta não tem precedentes na literatura especializada.Load balance is essential for parallel applications to perform at their highest possible levels. As parallel systems grow, the cost of poor load distribution increases in tandem. However, the dynamic behavior the distribution of load possesses in certain applications can induce disparities in computational loads among resources. Therefore, the process of repeatedly redistributing load as execution progresses is critical to achieve the performance necessary to compute large scale problems with such characteristics. Metrics quantifying the load distribution are an important facet of this procedure. For these reasons, measures commonly used as load distribution indicators in HPC applications are investigated in this study. Considering the dynamic and recurrent aspect in load balancing, the investigation examines how these metrics quantify load distribution at regular intervals during a parallel application execution. Six metrics are evaluated: percent imbalance, imbalance percentage, imbalance time, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis. The analysis reveals the virtues and deficiencies each metric has, as well as the differences they register as descriptors of load distribution progress in parallel applications. As far as we know, an investigation as the one performed in this work is unprecedented.
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Elg, Mattias. "Performance measures and managerial work : a modified behavior setting approach to the study of usage of performance measures in managerial meetings /." Linköping : Linköpings universitet, 2001. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2001/tek721s.pdf.
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Fowke, Robert Andrew. "Performance Measures for Managerial Decision Making: Performance Measurement Synergies in Multi-Attribute Performance Measurement Systems." PDXScholar, 2010. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/164.
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This research tests for correlation between corporate performance and use of financial measures, nonfinancial measures, and number of balanced scorecard categories used. Literature notes a preference for managing by nonfinancial measures because financial measures are lagging indicators, but little empirical evidence is available on the relationship between nonfinancial measures and financial performance, and few companies are found to realize the benefits of nonfinancial measurements. The balanced scorecard has been studied to find the impact of diversity of performance measures, and anecdotal improvements have been reported, but there is a paucity of empirical evidence regarding how the use of a balanced scorecard impacts organizational performance. These issues are investigated in this research with a web based survey distributed to a sample of publicly traded companies using a systematic selection process based on randomly selected numbers generated for each 3-digit NAICS category. The dependent variable is a rank of high, medium or low performance based on 12-month rolling average stock price comparisons from January 2005 to January 2009. These averages are analyzed as a percent change for each company, with performance standardized by 3-digit NAICS category to eliminate cross industry variance in performance ranking. Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA is used to test for correlation. High performers show greatest utilization of both financial and nonfinancial measures, followed by medium performers, with low performers utilizing both measures the least. Nonfinancial performance measures are more correlated to firm value than financial measures with the high performers' mean score for nonfinancial measures being higher than for financial measures. By contrast, medium and low performers exhibit the opposite: higher mean scores for financial measures than for nonfinancial measures [p ≤ 0.05 for nonfinancial measures and p ≤ 0.1 for financial measures]. Correlation is found to be borderline significant (p = 0.06) for the number of balanced scorecard categories used with high performers utilizing the highest number of categories and low performers utilizing the lowest number of categories [p = 0.009 with inclusion of two respondents reporting no usage of balanced scorecard categories].
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Goodman, Joseph Neal. "Performance measures for residential PV structural response to wind effects." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54910.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis applies structural reliability measures for the performance based design of residential PV system structures. These measures are intended to support designers in delivering systems with quantified and consistent reliability. Existing codified practices prescribe global factors (allowable stress design) and partial factors (load and resistance factor design) intended to provide an acceptable level of reliability as defined by historical practice. When applied to residential PV systems this prescriptive approach has two flaws, (1) calibration efforts needed to ensure consistency across structural system types have not kept up with the commercially available system types and (2) the actual expected reliability is not quantified and available to support decisions. The proposed reliability measures include probability of failure conditioned to wind speed in a fragility curve and the reliability index β, both of which are commonly used in performance based design. The approach is demonstrated through the application of the reliability measures to code compliant designs. Diverse system types are utilized to demonstrate how the existing code prescribed approach may lead to non-uniform structural performance. For each of the system types on which the reliability measures are demonstrated, a code compliant design is developed for three roof slopes, wind tunnel testing is conducted to provide an experimental measure of wind pressure coefficients, system specific fragility curves are generated to quantify the probability of failure conditioned to a set of wind speeds, and then, a site specific wind model is applied to produce a probability of failure and reliability index β. Through the performance based approach proposed in this thesis, two key outputs show non-uniform and unanticipated structural performance of PV systems designed according to the prescriptive code method. The two key outputs which illustrate this finding are fragility curves which illustrate the probability of failure over a range of wind speeds and reliability index, β values which couple the structural and wind distributions for a single measure of reliability.
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Koneti, Sai Sandeep. "EVALUATION OF PERFORMANCE MEASURES EXHIBITED BY DRIVING SIMULATION PARTICIPANTS." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu147566932339873.
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Günther, Thomas, and Michael Grüning. "On the Selection of Measures to Quantify Organisational Performance." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2003. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1060061708937-95847.
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In the last decade measuring a company´s performance exclusively financially has been heavily criticised. Consequently, different performance measurement systems including the Balanced Scorecard, the Performance Pyramid, and the Quantum Performance were developed, discussed and implemented in industry. Besides the financial perspective, additional perspectives (e.g. customers, processes, employess, etc) have been considered. Organisational performance is assumed to be a multidimensional phenomenon today. Hence one important aspect of the discussion of several concepts of performance measurement has been the selection of the right measures. This paper focused the problemof measuring multidimensional organisational performance. Based on the multitask agency theory we enhanced the approaches of Holmstrom/milgrom and Austin by introducing extrinsic and intrinsic motivation, cost of measurement and uncertainty of measurement into the model.
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Dobberstein, Trina A. Hines Edward R. "Performance gains on selected outcome measures a case analysis /." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1991. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9203027.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 1991.Title from title page screen, viewed December 8, 2005. Dissertation Committee: Edward R. Hines (chair), Ronald S. Halinski, John R. McCarthy, Patricia A. O'Connell, George A. Padavil. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 133-144) and abstract. Also available in print.
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Larsson, Carina. "Communicating performance measures: Supporting continuous improvement in manufacturing companies." Licentiate thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-13812.
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Manufacturing enterprises are a key driver of economic growth (Eurostat, 2016). Implementing continuous improvement (CI) is commonly used to increase competitiveness (Hyland et al., 2007), but despite the well-known theory of CI, many manufacturing companies fail in implementing it (Bhasin, 2012; Nordin et al., 2012; Tiwari et al., 2007). An identified critical success factor in CI implementation is the evaluation of performance, including the performance evaluation system itself, the linkage between targets at different company levels, and continual evaluation of performance (Bakås et al., 2011; Scherrer-Rathje et al., 2009; Ukko et al., 2009). Another critical success factor in CI implementation is the communication of performance measures (Bakås et al., 2011; Ukko et al., 2009). This research explores the communication of performance measures. The aim is to support CI by improving the communication of performance measures, and to this end, this thesis concentrates on identifying the main challenges in the communication of performance measures supporting CI. The research scope is manufacturing companies in general, and manufacturing SMEs in particular. The relevant literature concerning the communication of performance measures in manufacturing companies is identified and summarized. Also, current practice is explored, focusing on how performance measures are communicated in manufacturing companies, and whether and how the communication supports CI. This has been done to identify divergences between current practice and theory. Finally, theory and empirical findings are synthesized to identify some of the main challenges to be addressed in order to succeed in CI. The main task is to support CI efforts in manufacturing SMEs, eliminating the identified divergences in the communication of performance measures by adapting these measures to these manufacturing SMEs. These challenges can be summarized as follows: - using both financial performance measures as well as objective and subjective, non-financial performance measures - aligning performance measures with strategy and targets - integrating all performance measure communication, as related to both daily performance and CI, in the same communication loop. - forming two-way communication channels between managers and operators - aligning oral and written communication channels - exploring how information systems can facilitate the communication of performance measures - using and optimizing the visual communication of performance measuresI avhandlingen ingår även följande publikationer:
Larsson, C., Strand, M., Persson, A., & Syberfeldt, A., 2017. Communicating continuous improvement in manufacturing SMEs: Divergences between current practice and theory. Published at PMAA 2017 Conference “New Approaches, Changed Understandings”. Dunedin, New Zeeland, 2017.
Larsson, C., 2017. How to visualize performance measures in a manufacturing SME. Accepted for publication in Measuring Business Excellence.
Larsson, C., & Syberfeldt, A., 2016. Communicating performance measures - current practice in manufacturing SMEs. Submitted to International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management.
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Kariuki, Stella Waithiegeni. "Information-theoretic performance measures for effective scheduling in manufacturing." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.400193.
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Elyasir, Ahmed H. S. "The relationship between performance measures of theory of constraints." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.629933.
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The subject of this thesis is the performance management system of the theory of constraints (TOe). Its objectives are to examine to what extent the strength of the relationship between the operational measure X (Ox) and the global measure Y (Gy) may be affected by: 1) changing one or both parts of the relationship and 2) changes in the operational environment (OE), then to utilize the knowledge gained in analyzing and planning the overall performance of industrial firms working under a Toe environment, as well as supporting strategic decision-making regarding the choice of the most suitable strategy to improve the overall performance of such a firm. The first dimension of the research objectives was tested under four different OEs and the second dimension was examined under the nine possible combinations of the operational and global measures. Two aspects of the operational environment were chosen, one to represent the external environment at the strategic level, which is the financial openness (or closeness) of the system, and the second to represent the internal environment at the operational level, which is the inventory replenishment policy. Each of the two factors are of two levels; in the case of the first factor the levels are 'open system' against 'closed system' ('open system' means the unit sells some of its products on credit, and obtains some of its supplies on debit; 'closed system' means that all these transactions take place on a ready-cash basis). For the second factor, the two levels are 'lot for lot' against 'reorder-point' polices of inventory replenishment. The combination of these four levels creates four different operational environments under each of which the relationships were measured and compared. The following statement represents the two research hypotheses: 1- The strength of the relationship between the different pairs of measures within the same operational environment differs from one pair to another; and 2- The strength of the relationship between the same pair of measures di ffers from one operational environment to another. A simulation model was built to provide the data required to measure the relationships and then to test the research hypotheses. The strength of the relationships was measured in tenns of regression coefficient. The total effect of each of the operational measures on each of the global measures of the system was measured using the causal model of the relationships which was developed on the basis of TOe and Throughput accounting principles and definitions. The research hypotheses were then tested using MANOVA doubly repeated measures with a fully factorial design. The statistical analysis supports the two hypotheses. Based on the research results, a simple model was developed which may be used as a decision support system to help management in choosing the most efficient and effective combination of the operational environment and strategy to achieve the stated goal. Towards the end of the thesis, a number of further research opportunities are identified, including further validation and verification of the proposed model.
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Astatke, Yacob. "Distance Measures for QOS Performance Management in Mixed Networks." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/606197.
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ITC/USA 2008 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Fourth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 27-30, 2008 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, CaliforniaThe integrated Network Enhanced Telemetry effort (iNET) was launched to create a telemetry network that will enhance the traditional point-to-point telemetry link from test articles (TAs) to ground stations (GS). Two of the critical needs identified by the Central Test and Evaluation Investment Program (CTEIP) are, "the need to be able to provide reliable coverage in potentially high capacity environments, even in Over-The-Horizon (OTH) settings", and "the need to make more efficient use of spectrum resources through dynamic sharing of said resources, based on instantaneous demand thereof". Research conducted at Morgan State University (MSU) has focused on providing solutions for both critical problems. The Mixed Network architecture developed by MSU has shown that a hybrid network can be used to provide coverage for TAs that are beyond the coverage area of the GS. The mixed network uses clustering techniques to partition the aggregate network into clusters or sub-networks based on properties of each TA, which currently include signal strengths, and location. The paper starts with a detailed analysis of two parameters that affect the performance of each sub-network: contention between the TAs in the mobile ad-hoc network, and queuing at the Gateway TAs that serve as the link between the mobile ad-hoc and the Cellular networks. Contention and queuing will be used to evaluate two performance (distance) measures for each sub-network: throughput and delay. We define a new distance measure known as "power", which is equal to the ratio of throughput over delay, and is used as a measure of performance of the mixed network for Quality of Service (QOS). This paper describes the analytical foundation used to prove that the "power" performance measure is an excellent tool for optimizing the clustering of a mixed network to provide QOS.
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Deadrick, Diana L. "An empirical examination of alternative measures of job performance." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49842.
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This research addresses the dual aims of selection research: the understanding and prediction of job performance. Two areas of research regarding criterion construct validity are examined and a research model is developed in an attempt to integrate this literature. This research model formalizes suggestions made by James (1973) and sets forth different levels, referents, and methods for criterion validation. A series of hypotheses regarding the interrelationships among alternative job performance measures and the relationships between criteria and predictors are presented.
A longitudinal study was conducted to test this Job Performance Model in a field setting. Five measures of job performance and six ability tests for performance prediction were examined for sewing machine operators in a garment manufacturing plant. Data analyses indicated: High convergent validity among multiple methods of job performance measurement when the level of specificity was matched; Low to insignificant predictability of the alternative job performance criteria; and Differential prediction of job performance, depending on the method and referent for performance evaluation.
lt was concluded that measurement characteristics of job performance criteria represent boundary conditions for subsequent prediction. The model presented here has merit for addressing the interrelationships among multiple performance criteria as well as the relationships between criteria and performance predictors.Ph. D.
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Christensen, Cristina. "Performance measures and subjective evaluations for two color displays." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45714.
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The current study investigated the task performance and subjective preference for two color displays with differing image generation technologies, the standard cathode ray tube shadow mask (CRT) display and the newer liquid crystal/cathode ray tube (LC/CRT) display. Six subjects performed three different information processing tasks using each of the two color display technologies and expressed their display preference via evaluation questionnaires. Ambient illumination measurements were obtained to determine preferred conditions for each display.
A four-way factorial design was used to collect task performance data and ambient illumination preferences; performance data were collected as errors per unit task quantity for each of the task types. Subjective evaluations consisted of 20 five-interval bipolar adjective scales and a forced choice rating on eight display parameters. An analysis of variance procedure and post-hoc Newman-Keuls analyses were employed in the analyses of the performance and subjective bipolar adjective scale data; the forced choice rating scales were evaluated using the Sign Test.
The task performance results indicate that neither display produced better task performance. The subjective data revealed mixed results; while the bipolar adjective scales indicate no differences between the two display technologies, the forced choice rating shows a preference for the LC/CRT display on some display parameters.
A significant difference between the two displays was demonstrated for ambient illumination preferences; the LC/CRT was viewed in greater ambient illumination than the CRT display.Master of Science
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Liu, Zhendong. "Measures to Enhance the Dynamic Performance of Railway Catenaries." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Spårfordon, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-214464.
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The pantograph-catenary system is used in railways to transfer electric power from infrastructure to trainset. As the pantograph slides against the catenary, the contact between the two surfaces is not stable due to stiffness variation, propagating wave and other environmental perturbation, especially at high speeds or in multi-pantograph operation. Heavy oscillation can result in poor power-transmission quality, electromagnetic interference, severe wear or even structural damage. So the pantograph-catenary dynamics has become one of the key issues which limits the operational speed and determines the maintenance cost. There are many types of catenary systems in Sweden, which are relatively soft and sensitive compared with the systems in other countries. They work well at low operational speed and have strict limitations to multi-pantograph operation. It is possible to achieve an operational speed of 350 km/h on newly-built high-speed lines, but there is still a large demand for higher operational speed and more capacity on the existing lines. Many researchers and engineers have made progress to improve its dynamic performance. From the research aspect, many numerical models have been built up to demonstrate the dynamics of the pantograph-catenary system and to unveil the key influencing factors. There have been many applications developed in recent years. Regarding the catenary, high-tensile loads on the catenary and low-stiffness-variation designs are widely used to improve the dynamic performance. Regarding the pantograph, aerodynamic-friendly designs and active-control technique contribute to the development of high-speed pantograph. But all these methods need not only large investment but long out-of-service. Considering the large scale and heavy service duty of the existing lines, it becomes almost impossible to completely upgrade the existing pantograph-catenary systems. So it is necessary to find practical and efficient methods to exploit the potentials of the existing systems to enhance their dynamic performances. This thesis investigates the dynamic behaviour of the Swedish pantograph-catenary systems and proposes methods for better usage. A numerical study on multi-pantograph operation is performed and the relationships between dynamic performance and some key parameters is established. By studying the multi-pantograph operation at short spacing distance, a method to use the leading pantograph as auxiliary pantograph is proposed to increase the operational speed on the soft catenary system. To ensure operational safety in abnormal conditions, numerical studies on pantograph raising/lowering processes and in catenary overlap sections are performed. By studying the influence of the lumped-mass on the dynamic performance, it shows that it is even possible to implement some artificial tuned-masses on the catenary for dynamic optimization.QC 20170915
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Hanna, Elizabeth Northway. "An assessment of performance measures in child nutrition programs." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008.
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Solomon, Mariaan. "The relative performance of surrogate measures for viable populations." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2000. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-12062006-130505/.
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