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Daniel, Edmund. "Performance management of distributed systems." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0015/MQ58023.pdf.
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Olsha, Maya (Olsha-Yehiav). "High performance in Procurement Risk Management." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59262.
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Thesis (S.M. in System Design and Management)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2010.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
Research on Procurement Risk Management has been conducted by Accenture and MIT in order to identify the best practices used to manage commodity price volatility and supplier risk. In today's increasingly turbulent market it is crucial for companies to have their procurement risk management capabilities developed. Risk Management becomes imperative for buyers in order to make the best business decisions and continue to drive their performance up. Risk Management is now becoming a major requirement for Procurement departments, and while most companies have risk-management expertise within their finance departments, only a few formally extend this capacity into the procurement department. Excellence in managing risks will be a key differentiator for procurement departments in the near future. The main risk categories today are suppliers and price risks. These risks can be managed by different sets of capabilities in an effort to reduce a possible impact. The risk management process contains three main stages; risk anticipation, risk identification and monitoring, and risk mitigation. As all stages are important to master, some capabilities have shown clearer correlation than others. By conducting an extended literature review, procurement top management personnel interviews, and brainstorming sessions with Accenture, a set of hypotheses were formed. This set of hypotheses was verified against the results of a survey. The survey contained an extended set of questions that revolved around each hypothesis. This survey was answered by 122 companies from various industries. The main conclusions are based on observations and detailed analysis of survey results. A lack of impact measuring and a lack of use of technology for the purpose of risk assessment were observed. It is believed that improving these capabilities will promote profitability, and prevent impact as a result of risky events. Based on the results analysis, the procurement performance level is heavily dependant on risk management measures, and that excelling at the procurement level can be reflected further on the overall success of the company.
by Maya Olsha.
S.M.in System Design and Management
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Kilby, James W. "Performance management systems : a statistical analysis /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from the National Technical Information Service, 1993. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA272989.
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Thesis (M.S. in Information Technology Management) Naval Postgraduate School, September 1993.Thesis advisor(s): Euske, Kenneth J. ; Haga, William James. "September 1993." Bibliography: p. 69-71. Also available online.
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Diaz, Rey. "MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS FIT FOR ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3380.
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The present study identifies the dimensions and variables using prior research within each of the constructs under the management systems, fit and, organizational strategy, structure, lifecycle and performance. The constructs from the research model were defined with a combination of direct, calculated and coded measures. Context analysis for each case categorized management systems design into either prescriptive or descriptive. The selected performance measures have been extensively investigated in the research fields associated with organizational management. The study uses the multiple case study design with cross-sectional data spanning from 1991 to 2005 and involving 19 aerospace companies in the United States. A priori hypothesized relationships between the constructs were tested with Mann-Whitney procedures for differences between mean ranks associated with organizational performance measures. The results from Mann-Whitney tests suggest that there exist significant differences in organizational performance from fit factors between a management system design and the organization. Present study defined organizational performance measures for analysis in terms of Return on Assets, Return on Equity and Return on Investment. When compared to a prescriptive management system design, a descriptive management system design was associated with higher levels of organizational performance. Cases with a fit state were found to score significantly higher than cases with unfit state suggesting that a correct fit state is associated with higher levels of organizational performance. A fit state was associated with higher levels of performance when each of the organizational factors for strategy, structure and lifecycle were aligned to management system design. Study results suggest equifinality as cases reached a particular fit state with differing combinations of fit factors. The study contributes to the field with interpretation of a fit model and key relationship between management systems and performance providing the base for future research efforts associated with management systems, organizational factors and the fit between them.Ph.D.
Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
Engineering and Computer Science
Industrial Engineering PhD
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Li, Chunhui. "Performance management of event processing systems." Thesis, Aston University, 2014. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/25175/.
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This thesis is a study of performance management of Complex Event Processing (CEP) systems. Since CEP systems have distinct characteristics from other well-studied computer systems such as batch and online transaction processing systems and database-centric applications, these characteristics introduce new challenges and opportunities to the performance management for CEP systems. Methodologies used in benchmarking CEP systems in many performance studies focus on scaling the load injection, but not considering the impact of the functional capabilities of CEP systems. This thesis proposes the approach of evaluating the performance of CEP engines’ functional behaviours on events and develops a benchmark platform for CEP systems: CEPBen. The CEPBen benchmark platform is developed to explore the fundamental functional performance of event processing systems: filtering, transformation and event pattern detection. It is also designed to provide a flexible environment for exploring new metrics and influential factors for CEP systems and evaluating the performance of CEP systems. Studies on factors and new metrics are carried out using the CEPBen benchmark platform on Esper. Different measurement points of response time in performance management of CEP systems are discussed and response time of targeted event is proposed to be used as a metric for quality of service evaluation combining with the traditional response time in CEP systems. Maximum query load as a capacity indicator regarding to the complexity of queries and number of live objects in memory as a performance indicator regarding to the memory management are proposed in performance management of CEP systems. Query depth is studied as a performance factor that influences CEP system performance.
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Grass, Marcus. "Performance management systems in customer service." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-264205.
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When management sets performance goals the expectation is that employees should strive to reach them, they are used to drive motivation and increase performance. However, the task of instituting performance goals should not be taken lightly. The goals need to fair, measurable, and accepted by the employees who are to adopt them. There are pitfalls to avoid when setting up performance management systems. If goals are not fair, they can breed resentment against the performance management system. If goals are not easily measurable, their validity in the view of the employees can fade as they cannot tell if their work impacts the goals. This thesis examines the deployment of a performance management application to bolster an already existing performance management system. The thesis involves both the construction of the application, using theory from the field of performance management to inspire its functions, and the investigation into how the application affects increased performance and job satisfaction for the employees who uses it. Thus, the thesis takes theories from performance management, some with their genesis before the digital age; and applied them in a digital format, investigating how well they apply within the space of a web application. The analysis concludes that employing a web application as part of a performance management system can increase engagement with that system. However, if that system is poorly implemented, the positive effects sought from a performance management system, increased performance and job satisfaction, can turn into negative effects such as increased negative stress for the employees. In the studied case, the existing performance management system was poorly fit for some employees, and well fit for others. The result of deploying the web application was increased engagement and a high affect for the web application by those for whom the system fit well, and low engagement and negative affect for the web application by those for whom the system fit poorly. Additionally, implementing competitions made the application more appealing and caused employees to actively use it. Thus, making employees seek to engage more with the underlying performance management system.När chefer sätter mål för arbetare finns en förväntan att arbetarna ska jobba för att uppnå dem, målen används för att driva motivation och att få arbetarna att uppnå högre produktivitet. Men, innan mål sätts bör dessa tänkas igenom grundligt. Målen måste vara rättvisa, mätbara, och accepteras av arbetarna som komma att arbeta under dem. Om målen inte år rättvisa kan dem leda till negativt anseende av förtaget från arbetarna. Om målen inte är mätbara kan deras validitet ifrågasättas då arbetarna inte kan se om deras arbete tar dem närmare att uppfylla målen. Detta examensarbete undersöker vad som händer när en performance managementwebbapplikation används för att förstärka ett existerande performance management-system. Examensarbetet innefattar både konstruktionen av applikationen, och undersökningen av hur applikationen påverkar produktivitet och jobbnöjdhet för arbetarna som använder applikationen. Därav tar examensarbetet teorier från fältet performance management, vissa uttänkta innan digitaliseringens ålder, och undersöker hur dessa fungerar inom ramarna för en webbapplikation. Analysens slutsats är att en webbapplikation med syftet att komplettera ett underliggande performance management-system kan öka arbetarnas engagemang gentemot det underliggande systemet. Dock, om det underliggande systemet lider av brister kan de önskade positiva effekterna av systemet, ökad produktivitet och jobbnöjdhet, vändas till negativa effekter som ökad stress för arbetarna. I det studerade fallet var det underliggande performance management-systemet välanpassat för de flesta arbetare, men dåligt anpassat för en mindre grupp. Resultatet av att införa applikationen var ökat engagemang och uppskattning för performance management-systemet och webbapplikationen från de arbetare för vilka systemet var välanpassat, men lågt engagemang och låg uppskattning för de arbetare för vilka systemet passade dåligt. Ytterligare, implementationen av tävlingar i applikationen gjorde applikationen mer attraktiv och rolig att använda för arbetarna. Detta ledde till att arbetarna sökte sig till applikationen, och därmed sökte sig till att engagera mer med det underliggande performance management-systemet.
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Sermeno, Mena Salvador. "Vehicle thermal management control systems." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAL0052.
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Les systèmes de refroidissement des véhicules continuent à se développer et devenir de plus en plus complexes. Ceci introduit des nouveaux problèmes dus aux interactions des composants et les perturbations du système. Avec la montée des prix des carburants; les développeurs et les compagnies cherchent à améliorer la consommation en respectant les normes d’émission. Une partie de l’énergie produite par le moteur est utilisé par les composants du circuit de refroidissement. L’utilisation d’auxiliaires électriques est une manière de réduire ces pertes parasites, mais ce n’est pas la seule solution. Des études récents proposent que un control plus adaptes des composants peux réduire la consommation de carburant. Actuellement, le groupe Volvo en essayant d’améliorer la performance du système de refroidissement des camions a installe des nouveaux composants pour la gestion thermique du moteur. Néanmoins, des problèmes ont été identifie lors d’essais véhicule. Une meilleure compréhension du système et de l’implémentation de composants est nécessaire pour limiter les effets non voulus. Le système de refroidissement d’un poids lourd a été étudié grâce à l’outil Bond Graph. Puis des nouvelles stratégies de control sont introduites : commande prédictive, commande par platitude, commande sans model et commande avec model réduit. Ces méthodes ont été implémentées dans une plateforme de simulation sur Matlab/Simulink. Les gains de consommation obtenue à partir de simulations sont entre 0.5 et 0.9%. Une analyse structurelle de l’architecture actuelle est présentée. D’après les conclusions de cette analyse, des propositions pour la modification de l’architecture du circuit sont évaluésThe increasing complexity of engine cooling systems results in added interactions and disturbances to the performance. Besides, non-propulsion loads (fan, water pump…) draw a significant percentage of the engine’s power thus lowering the vehicle’s fuel efficiency. Recent studies have shown that by controlling components the efficiency can be improved by adjusting fan speed according to cooling needs, coolant flow, and oil flow. Currently, the Volvo group in order to optimize the performance of their truck’s cooling systems had installed new thermal management components. However, problems were found while testing control strategies and a better understanding of the interaction between components is required to prevent this from happening again. In this work, the bond graph approach has been applied for the study of the cooling system of a Heavy duty vehicle and has enabled subsystem interactions to be identified. Based on a simplified model issued from the bond graph, several control strategies have been built. These controllers are based on different control approaches: model predictive control, flatness control, model free control and model free control with reduced order model. These controllers were implemented in a simulation platform in the Matlab/Simulink environment. Results of the implementation of the new advanced control strategies are given. Fuel economy gains ranged between 0.5 and 0.9 %. A structural analysis of the current architecture is also proposed aiming at the optimization of the system. Given the insights from the analysis, an assessment of new concepts for the cooling system architecture is proposed
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Lawson, Nicolette Patricia. "Environmental performance indicators in industrial management systems." Thesis, Brunel University, 1999. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5218.
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Measuring the Environmental Performance of industry is an essential element in the movement to minimise the impact that industry has on the environment. There has been a significant increase in interest in this area over the last few years, however it is recognised that the available literature still tends towards the conceptual and theoretical and there is little practical advice for a business wishing to undertake environmental performance measurement. This project has concentrated on the practical development of tools and techniques for measuring environmental performance in a large, complex engineering company, using LucasVarity as an example. The portfolio discusses the general trends and approaches in environmental performance measurement, explains the specific aspects developed in practice and their results. Finally, the general conclusions for industry are discussed.
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Dempster, Euan W. "Performance prediction for parallel database management systems." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/341.
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Dawson, Richard Jonathan. "Performance-based management of flood defence systems." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/25b216eb-2068-47f2-b689-f3e0091f85fb.
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Helmer, Sven. "Performance enhancements for advanced database management systems /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB8952361.
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Tomov, Neven T. "Modelling parallel database management systems for performance prediction." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1263.
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Xue, James Wen Jun. "Performance evaluation and resource management in enterprise systems." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2009. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2303/.
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This thesis documents research conducted as part of an EPSRC (EP/C53 8277/01) project whose aim was to understand, capture and dene the service requirements of cluster-supported enterprise systems. This research includes developing techniques to verify that the infrastructure is delivering on its agreed service requirements and a means of dynamically adjusting the operating policies if the service requirements are not being met. The research in this thesis falls into three broad categories: 1) the performance evaluation of data persistence in distributed enterprise applications; 2) Internet workload management and request scheduling; 3) dynamic resource allocation in server farms. Techniques for request scheduling and dynamic resource allocation are developed, with the aim of maximising the total revenue from dierent applications run in an Internet service hosting centre. Given that data is one of the most important assets of a company, it is essential that enterprise systems should be able to create, retrieve, update and delete data eectively. Web-based applications require application data and session data, and the persistence of these data is critical to the success of the business. However, data persistence comes at a cost as it introduces a performance overhead to the system. This thesis reports on research using state-of-the-art enterprise computing architectures to study the performance overheads of data persistence. Internet service providers (ISPs) are bound by quality of service (QoS) agreements with their clients. Since dierent applications serve various types of request, each with an associated value, some requests are more important than others in terms of revenue contribution. This thesis reports on the development of a priority, queue-based request scheduling scheme, which positions waiting requests in their relevant queues based on their priorities. In so doing, more important requests are processed sooner even though they may arrive in the system later than others. An experimental evaluation of this approach is conducted using an eventdriven simulator; the results demonstrate promising results over a number of existing methods in terms of revenue contribution. Due to the bursty nature of web-based workload, it is very diffcult to manage server resources in an Internet hosting centre. Static approaches such as resource provisioning either result in wasted resource (i.e., underutilisation in light loaded situations) or oer no help if resources are overutilised. Therefore, dynamic approaches to resource management are needed. This thesis proposes a bottleneck-aware, dynamic server switching policy, which is used in combination with an admission control scheme. The objective this scheme is to optimise the total revenue in the system, while maintaining the QoS agreed across all server pools in the hosting centre. A performance evaluation is conducted via extensive simulation, and the results show a considerable improvement from the bottleneck-aware server switching policy over a proportional allocation policy and a system that implements no dynamic server switching.
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Khargharia, Bithika. "Adaptive Power and Performance Management of Computing Systems." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193653.
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With the rapid growth of servers and applications spurred by the Internet economy, power consumption in today's data centers is reaching unsustainable limits. This has led to an imminent financial, technical and environmental crisis that is impacting the society at large. Hence, it has become critically important that power consumption be efficiently managed in these computing power-houses of today. In this work, we revisit the issue of adaptive power and performance management of data center server platforms. Traditional data center servers are statically configured and always over-provisioned to be able to handle peak load. We transform these statically configured data center servers to clairvoyant entities that can sense changes in the workload and dynamically scale in capacity to adapt to the requirements of the workload. The over-provisioned server capacity is transitioned to low-power states and they remain in those states for as long as the performance remains within given acceptable thresholds. The platform power expenditure is minimized subject to performance constraints. This is formulated as a performance-per-watt optimization problem and solved using analytical power and performance models. Coarse-grained optimizations at the platform-level are refined by local optimizations at the devices-level namely - the processor & memory subsystems. Our adaptive interleaving technique for memory power management yielded about 48.8% (26.7 kJ) energy savings compared to traditional techniques measured at 4.5%. Our adaptive platform power and performance management technique demonstrated 56.25% energy savings for memory-intensive workload, 63.75% savings for processor-intensive workload and 47.5% savings for a mixed workload while maintaining platform performance within given acceptable thresholds.
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Brewis, Willem Christiaan Coenraad. "The influence of performance management systems on employee engagement." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1019957.
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This study focused on investigating different performance management systems and the possibility to introduce a performance management system (PMS) into the sales environment of a company. The company the researcher is working for does not have an official PMS and feel the need to investigate the possibility to introduce a PMS. The study investigated an appropriate PMS that promotes engagement levels with employees that will be the ideal system for the sales environment in the company. Both the PMS and engagement impact on employees were addressed and the suitable PMS was selected. Implementing a system within a selected division the researcher will compile a road map for implementing a PMS into the rest of the company with the background and learning done while implementing the system. The employees participated willingly in a survey. The questionnaire assessed the employees understanding of what a PMS is. Further, the questionnaire assessed if the company does have a PMS system in place. The engagement levels of employees were measured and this allowed management to make the appropriate changes to get the employees engaged in the workplace. The results from the survey show that the employees understand and have a need for a PMS. They do understand how a PMS in the workplace work. The company has a system in place to compensate employees for work done. The company does not deal with underperformance and engagement levels are very low. The factors of engagement tested were very low and it addressing the engagement factors integrated in a PMS will increase engagement levels with employees.
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Agarwala, Sandip. "System Support for End-to-End Performance Management." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16171.
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This dissertation introduces, implements, and evaluates the novel concept of
"Service Paths", which are system-level abstractions that capture and describe
the dynamic dependencies between the different components of a distributed
enterprise application. Service paths are dynamic because they capture the
natural interactions between application services dynamically composed to offer
some desired end user functionality. Service paths are distributed because such
sets of services run on networked machines in distributed enterprise data
centers. Service paths cross multiple levels of abstraction because they link
end user application components like web browsers with system services like
http providing communications with embedded services like hardware-supported
data encryption. Service paths are system-level abstractions that are created
without end user, application, or middleware input, but despite these facts,
they are able to capture application-relevant performance metrics, including
end-to-end latencies for client requests and the contributions to these
latencies from application-level processes and from software/hardware resources
like protocol stacks or network devices.
Beyond conceiving of service paths and demonstrating their utility, this thesis
makes three concrete technical contributions. First, we propose a set of signal
analysis techniques called ``E2Eprof' that identify the service paths taken
by different request classes across a distributed IT infrastructure and
the time spent in each such path. It uses a novel algorithm called ``pathmap'
that computes the correlation between the message arrival and departure
timestamps at each participating node and detect dependencies among them. A
second contribution is a system-level monitoring toolkit called ``SysProf',
which captures monitoring information at different levels of granularity,
ranging from tracking the system-level activities triggered by a single system
call, to capturing the client-server interactions associated with a service
paths, to characterizing the server resources consumed by sets of clients or
client behaviors.
The third contribution of the thesis is a publish-subscribe based monitoring
data delivery framework called ``QMON'. QMON offers high levels of
predictability for service delivery and supports utility-aware monitoring
while also able to differentiate between different levels of service
for monitoring, corresponding to the different classes of SLAs maintained for
applications.
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Ebrahim, Aysha. "Performance enhancing interference management techniques for future cellular systems." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/performance-enhancing-interference-management-techniques-for-future-cellular-systems(444f31f6-3fca-4f91-aefb-c4a02aabe1a0).html.
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The limited bandwidth available for cellular networks has necessitated on current wireless technologies, such as long-term evolution (LTE), to devise new strategies to improve the spectrum reuse and the capacity of cellular networks. Multi-tier heterogeneous networks is a low-cost solution in which the traditional macrocells are underlaid with small cells such as femto- and pico- cells that are centered around users to improve the network capacity. In this regard, radio resource management (RRM) based interference avoidance techniques have been widely used to minimize the interference incurred as a result of small cell deployment. This thesis proposes novel interference management techniques for improving the spectrum reuse efficiency in cellular networks. An RRM that utilizes a sleep mode (SL) strategy is proposed to identify the small cells that maximize the reuse efficiency outcome when set to sleep mode without requiring an exhaustive search. To improve the association of the switched off cells users and improve the overall performance, an interference aware user association technique that allows seamless association between BSs and users is introduced to increase access to resources. To enhance both the overall throughput and quality of service (QoS) metrics, a map of the various interference levels is constructed to be used for two purposes: First to satisfy QoS constrains by orthogonalizing certain interfering BSs/users, and second to maximize the resource utilization using an adaptive power control scheme. To reduce the signaling overhead on the back-haul network, a distributed RRM is presented to allow BSs to independently adjust their bandwidth usage to reduce the inter-cell interference. With the lack of central management and coordination among cells, this information is estimated locally by monitoring the uplink spectrum.
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Guo, Lan. "Self-determination theory of motivation and performance management systems." Online access for everyone, 2007. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Fall2007/l_guo_080307.pdf.
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Chaudhri, Akmal Bashir. "A systematic performance study of object database management systems." Thesis, City University London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243885.
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Floratos, Sofoklis. "High Performance Iterative Processing in Relational Database Management Systems." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1605909940057503.
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Li, Bo. "Modeling and Runtime Systems for Coordinated Power-Performance Management." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/87064.
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Emergent systems in high-performance computing (HPC) expect maximal
efficiency to achieve the goal of power budget under 20-40
megawatts for 1 exaflop set by the Department of Energy.
To optimize efficiency, emergent systems
provide multiple power-performance control techniques to
throttle different system components and scale of concurrency.
In this dissertation, we focus on three throttling techniques:
CPU dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS), dynamic memory
throttling (DMT), and dynamic concurrency throttling (DCT). We first conduct an
empirical analysis of the performance and energy trade-offs of
different architectures under the throttling techniques. We
show the impact on performance and energy consumption on Intel
x86 systems with accelerators of Intel Xeon Phi and a Nvidia
general-purpose graphics processing unit (GPGPU).
We show the trade-offs and potentials for improving efficiency.
Furthermore, we propose a parallel performance model for coordinating
DVFS, DMT, and DCT simultaneously. We present a multivariate
linear regression-based approach to approximate the impact of
DVFS, DMT, and DCT on performance for performance prediction.
Validation using 19 HPC applications/kernels on
two architectures (i.e., Intel x86 and IBM BG/Q)
shows up to 7% and 17% prediction
error correspondingly. Thereafter, we develop the metrics for
capturing the performance impact of DVFS, DMT, and DCT.
We apply the artificial neural network model to approximate
the nonlinear effects on performance impact and present
a runtime control strategy accordingly for power capping.
Our validation using
37 HPC applications/kernels shows up to a 20% performance
improvement under a given power budget compared with the Intel
RAPL-based method.Ph. D.
System efficiency on high-performance computing (HPC) systems is the key to achieving the goal of power budget for exascale supercomputers. Techniques for adjusting the performance of different system components can help accomplish this goal by dynamically controlling system performance according to application behaviors. In this dissertation, we focus on three techniques: adjusting CPU performance, memory performance, and the number of threads for running parallel applications. First, we profile the performance and energy consumption of different HPC applications on both Intel systems with accelerators and IBM BG/Q systems. We explore the trade-offs of performance and energy under these techniques and provide optimization insights. Furthermore, we propose a parallel performance model that can accurately capture the impact of these techniques on performance in terms of job completion time. We present an approximation approach for performance prediction. The approximation has up to 7% and 17% prediction error on Intel x86 and IBM BG/Q systems respectively under 19 HPC applications. Thereafter, we apply the performance model in a runtime system design for improving performance under a given power budget. Our runtime strategy achieves up to 20% performance improvement to the baseline method.
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Knepel, Aaron R. "Navy flying clubs : management control systems and performance measures /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02Dec%5FKnepel.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2002.Thesis advisor(s): Kenneth J. Euske, Jeffrey R. Cuskey. Includes bibliographical references (p. 61-62). Also available online.
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Wu, Jiesheng. "Communication and memory management in networked storage systems." The Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1095696917.
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Gillespie, John. "Policing performance management systems: Identifying key design elements within a `new' public management context." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2006. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/32.
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The new public management (NPM) philosophy and move towards a governance approach places emphasis on the accountability of individuals, supervisors and managers relative to practice, processes and designated outcome - conformance and performance. A dichotomy is highlighted working within the NPM environment where managers need to practice creative and innovative freedoms, and at the same time to exercise constraint and compliance within a regulated and permission seeking framework. This situation can create inertia in respect to performance reforms within the public service. Police Services in Australia, and in particular the Western Australia Police (WAPOL) have made some inroads into providing a foundation for a performance management (PM) approach. However, despite two decades performance management system (PMS) design, relevancy and application within the WA environment is not attuned to the internal and external requirements. This misalignment has led to limited understanding and successful application amongst policing frontline manager.
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Maloba, Makgoni Annah. "The perception of employees on performance management system in the Mpumalanga Provincial Department of Culture Sport and Recreation." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/998.
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Thesis (MPA) --University of Limpopo, 2012While performance management is a widely used system in many countries, in South Africa the Public Service Regulations (2001) is a base for a Performance Management and Development System in the public service. The Public Service Regulation (2001) gives effect to performance management systems for purposes of managing performance of individual employees, framework for performance assessment, the outcome and communication of assessment results, and managing unsatisfactory performance, as well as providing a framework on incentives for good performance. Each province is therefore, required to adapt the Performance Management System to its environment to ensure the implementation of the provisions of the Public Service Regulation, (2001). However, as cited by Letsoalo (2010), the introduction of a system of managing performance was received with different reactions, both positive and negative, by the vast majority of employees in the public sector. As a result, this study investigated the attitudes of individual employees towards performance management and development system. The main aim of this research is to present the conclusion drawn from the study, as well as make recommendations emanating from the analysis of information gathered in literature review and through questionnaires completed by departmental staff in the Department of Culture, Sports and Recreation. In identifying different reactions by civil servants to Performance Management and Development System, the study placed an effort in probing different perceptions on Performance Management and Development System amongst employees in the Department of Culture, Sports and Recreation in Mpumalanga Province. There are varying perceptions demonstrated by respondents regarding questions posed to them on the Performance Management and Development System as implemented in the Department of Culture, Sports and Recreation in Mpumalanga Province. There is a perception that the Performance Management and Development System is a penalizing tool used by supervisors on their subordinates and that official’s performance is not duly acknowledged as is supposed to. There is persisting conflict between supervisors and their subordinates resulting from supervisors rating their subordinates without their input, submission of performance results is for compliance It is held in this that the Department of Culture, Sports and Recreation must ensure that effective communication of the system to the rest of the employees of the provincial government is maintained so as to allow employees to understand the system and what is expected of them, the development of the implementation capacity internally through the Performance Management and Development System Champions will in any regard, and as such limit inconsistencies during application of performance management and development system which impacts negatively on the overall performance of the organization.
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Qrunfleh, Sufian M. "Alignment of Information Systems with Supply Chains: Impacts on Supply Chain Performance and Organizational Performance." Toledo, Ohio : University of Toledo, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=toledo1271962888.
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Dissertation (Ph.D.)--University of Toledo, 2010.Typescript. "Submitted to the Graduate Faculty as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree in Manufacturing Management." "A dissertation entitled"--at head of title. Title from title page of PDF document. Bibliography: p. 177-201.
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Diez, Rodrigo J. (Rodrigo Jesus). "High-performance electronic systems for complex LEO missions." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/120897.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2018.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 79-81).
The space industry is experiencing rapid growth in small satellites and reusable launch vehicles. Constellations are in development to enable exciting new applications such as realtime video of the whole planet and broadband internet access provided through constellations of low Earth orbiting (LEO) satellites. Existing Earth observation applications focused on observation imagery, such as weather prediction and disaster relief planning, will have improvements in the quality of their products from increased the resolution of the instruments onboard the satellites and a reduction in the time between acquisitions by using large constellations of LEO small satellites. This increasing demand for performance despite the limited budget of commercial space companies will require solutions beyond the capabilities of current electronic space products. In response to the increasing need for onboard processing, Novo Space, a STAR graduate student startup founded by the author of this thesis, is developing affordable electronic components and systems for complex LEO missions that bridge the gap between the reliability of space-grade components and the performance of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) parts. This thesis focuses on architectural designs for new space applications using Novo Space ecosystem of SpaceVPX products, the result of research and analysis to meet the new space needs for high-performance space electronics. In particular, we analyze three case studies: a payload subsystem, an avionics subsystem, and a subsystem combining both avionics and payload in the same box. With the aim of furthering our understanding of the SpaceVPX standard and its potential for future space applications, a final example of a laser communication system is analyzed in greater detail.
by Rodrigo J. Diez.
S.M. in Engineering and Management
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Almoosa, Nawaf I. "Sensitivity analysis for online management of processor power and performance." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51805.
Full textAbstract:
The shift to manycore architectures has highlighted the need for runtime power and performance management schemes to improve the reliability, performance, and energy-efficiency of processors. However, the design of management algorithms is challenging since power and performance are strongly dependent on the workload, which cannot be determined apriori and exhibit wide and rapid runtime variations.
This dissertation seeks to show that sensitivity analysis (derivative estimation) provides runtime power and performance information that enables the design of adaptive and low-complexity management algorithms. The contributions of the dissertation include: 1) controllers that achieve rapid regulation of the power and throughput of processor cores, 2) a chip-level power control solution that maximizes the performance of manycore processors subject to the power constraints set by the cooling system, and 3) an iterative algorithm for optimizing the energy consumption of cache memories. The proposed algorithms use runtime derivative estimation to adapt to the rapid power and performance variations caused by workload, and their efficacy is demonstrated via formal analysis and simulation experiments.
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Gillespie, John. "Policing performance management systems identifying key design elements within a new public management context /." Connect to thesis, 2006. http://portal.ecu.edu.au/adt-public/adt-ECU2007.0013.html.
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Etinski, Maja. "DVFS power management in HPC systems." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/96192.
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Recent increase in performance of High Performance Computing (HPC) systems has been followed by
even higher increase in power consumption. Power draw of modern supercomputers leads to very high
operating costs and reliability concerns. Furthermore, it has negative consequences on the environment.
Accordingly, over the last decade there have been many works dealing with power/energy management
in HPC systems.
Since CPUs accounts for a high portion of the total system power consumption, our work aims at CPU
power reduction. Dynamic Voltage Frequency Scaling (DVFS) is a widely used technique for CPU
power management. Running an application at lower frequency/voltage reduces its power
consumption. However, frequency scaling should be used carefully since it has negative effects on the
application performance.
We argue that the job scheduler level presents a good place for power management in an HPC center
having in mind that a parallel job scheduler has a global overview of the entire system. In this thesis we
propose power-aware parallel job scheduling policies where the scheduler determines the job CPU
frequency, besides the job execution order. Based on the goal, the proposed policies can be classified
into two groups: energy saving and power budgeting policies. The energy saving policies aim to reduce
CPU energy consumption with a minimal job performance penalty. The first of the energy saving
policies assigns the job frequency based on system utilization while the other makes job performance
predictions. While for less loaded workloads these policies achieve energy savings, highly loaded
workloads suffer from a substantial performance degradation because of higher job wait times due to
an increase in load caused by longer job run times. Our results show higher potential of the DVFS
technique when applied for power budgeting.
The second group of policies are policies for power constrained systems. In contrast to the systems
without a power limitation, in the case of a given power budget the DVFS technique even improves
overall job performance reducing the average job wait time. This comes from a lower job power
consumption that allows more jobs to run simultaneously. The first proposed policy from this group
assigns CPU frequency using the job predicted performance and current power draw of already running
jobs. The other power budgeting policy is based on an optimization problem which solution determines
the job execution order, as well as power distribution among jobs selected for execution. This policy
fully exploits available power and leads to further performance improvements.
The last contribution of the thesis is an analysis of the DVFS technique potential for energyperformance
trade-off in current and future HPC systems. Ongoing changes in technology decrease the
DVFS applicability for energy savings but the technique still reduces power consumption making it
useful for power constrained systems. In order to analyze DVFS potential, a model of frequency
scaling impact on MPI application execution time has been proposed and validated against
measurements on a large-scale system. This parametric analysis showed for which
application/platform characteristic, frequency scaling leads to energy savings.El aumento de rendimiento que han experimentado los sistemas de altas prestaciones ha venido acompañado de un aumento aún mayor en el consumo de energía. El consumo de los supercomputadores actuales implica unos costes muy altos de funcionamiento. Estos costes no tienen simplemente implicaciones a nivel económico sino también implicaciones en el medio ambiente. Dado la importancia del problema, en los últimos tiempos se han realizado importantes esfuerzos de investigación para atacar el problema de la gestión eficiente de la energía que consumen los sistemas de supercomputación. Dado que la CPU supone un alto porcentaje del consumo total de un sistema, nuestro trabajo se centra en la reducción y gestión eficiente de la energía consumida por la CPU. En concreto, esta tesis se centra en la viabilidad de realizar esta gestión mediante la técnica de Dynamic Voltage Frequency Scalingi (DVFS), una técnica ampliamente utilizada con el objetivo de reducir el consumo energético de la CPU. Sin embargo, esta técnica puede implicar una reducción en el rendimiento de las aplicaciones que se ejecutan, ya que implica una reducción de la frecuencia. Si tenemos en cuenta que el contexto de esta tesis son sistemas de alta prestaciones, minimizar el impacto en la pérdida de rendimiento será uno de nuestros objetivos. Sin embargo, en nuestro contexto, el rendimiento de un trabajo viene determinado por dos factores, tiempo de ejecución y tiempo de espera, por lo que habrá que considerar los dos componentes. Los sistemas de supercomputación suelen estar gestionados por sistemas de colas. Los trabajos, dependiendo de la política que se aplique y el estado del sistema, deberán esperar más o menos tiempo antes de ser ejecutado. Dado las características del sistema objetivo de esta tesis, nosotros consideramos que el Planificador de trabajo (o Job Scheduler), es el mejor componente del sistema para incluir la gestión de la energía ya que es el único punto donde se tiene una visión global de todo el sistema. En este trabajo de tesis proponemos un conjunto de políticas de planificación que considerarán el consumo energético como un recurso más. Estas políticas decidirán que trabajo ejecutar, el número de cpus asignadas y la lista de cpus (y nodos) sino también la frecuencia a la que estas cpus se ejecutarán. Estas políticas estarán orientadas a dos objetivos: reducir la energía total consumida por un conjunto de trabajos y controlar en consumo puntual de un conjunto puntual para evitar saturaciones del sistema en aquellos centros que puedan tener una capacidad limitada (permanente o puntual). El primer grupo de políticas intentará reducir el consumo total minimizando el impacto en el rendimiento. En este grupo encontramos una primera política que asigna la frecuencia de las cpus en función de la utilización del sistema y una segunda que calcula una estimación de la penalización que sufrirá el trabajo que va a empezar para decidir si reducir o no la frecuencia. Estas políticas han mostrado unos resultados aceptables con sistemas poco cargados, pero han mostrado unas pérdidas de rendimiento significativas cuando el sistema está muy cargado. Estas pérdidas de rendimiento no han sido a nivel de incremento significativo del tiempo de ejecución de los trabajos, pero sí de las métricas de rendimiento que incluyen el tiempo de espera de los trabajos (habituales en este contexto). El segundo grupo de políticas, orientadas a sistemas con limitaciones en cuanto a la potencia que pueden consumir, han mostrado un gran potencial utilizando DVFS como mecanismo de gestión. En este caso, comparado con un sistema que no incluya esta gestión, han demostrado mejoras en el rendimiento ya que permiten ejecutar más trabajos de forma simultánea, reduciendo significativamente el tiempo de espera de los trabajos. En este segundo grupo proponemos una política basada en el rendimiento del trabajo que se va a ejecutar y una segunda que considera la asignación de todos los recursos como un problema de optimización lineal. Esta última política es la contribución más importante de la tesis ya que demuestra un buen comportamiento en todos los casos evaluados. La última contribución de la tesis es un estudio del potencial de DVFS como técnica de gestión de la energía en un futuro próximo, en función de un estudio de las características de las aplicaciones, de la reducción de DVFS en el consumo de la CPU y del peso de la CPU dentro de todo el sistema. Este estudio indica que la capacidad de DVFS de ahorrar energía será limitado pero sigue mostrando un gran potencial de cara al control del consumo energético.
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Ohiomah, Alhassan Abdullahi. "The Technology-to-Performance Chain: How Lead Management Systems Drive Inside Sales Performance." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32736.
Full textAbstract:
Understanding how technology usage influences performance in the inside sales industry has become an important issue for practitioners. Yet, there is a dearth of literature in this area. Inside sales are sales that are performed remotely using the phone or Internet technologies. Leads (i.e., potential customers) are the life-blood of any inside sales setting, and their effective management is crucial for business success. Lead management systems are information technology (IT) tools designed to automate and support effective lead management.
This study developed a conceptual model based on the Technology-Task-Fit (TTF) theory, capturing the impact of lead management systems on inside sales performance through the following mediating mechanisms: task characteristics (call productivity and effort on lead follow-up), selling behaviour (adaptive selling) and salesperson characteristics (salesperson’s competency). To validate this model, we conducted an empirical study with 108 responses collected from sales managers and decision makers. Using PLS-SEM for the analysis, our findings show that the use of lead management systems affects inside sales performance via improving salespeople’s adaptive selling, effort on lead follow-up and competency. The findings of this study contributes to the inside sales literature, and also educate practitioners of the key enablers of inside sales performance and technology usage approaches to the inside sales process.
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Pone, Dorian. "Performance Management Systems in Albanian Mobile Operators - Two Case Studies." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-102729.
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This thesis explores the components of the MCSs in use by two Albanian Mobile Operators AMC and Eagle. The methodology used is that of multiple case studies; the study is interpretative, analyzing qualitative data, and has an inductive approach. There are three MCS frameworks used the Object of Control (Merchant and Van der Stede 2007), Control Package (Malmi and Brown 2008) and Performance Management Systems (Otley and Ferreira 2009). The empirical findings were gathered by using semi-structured interviews. Both managerial and non-managerial staff were interviewed according to their areas of expertise in MCSs. The findings suggest that the MCSs used by the two operators are highly structured as per the three frameworks, that AMC does not use any well known model (such as BSC, Tableau de Bord, Performance Prism etc.), whereas Eagle uses a customized BSC, and that the strategies of each of the companies are translated into action through the respective MCSs.
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Lyan, Dmitriy Eduard. "Performance dynamics in military behavioral health clinics." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90690.
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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, System Design and Management Program, June 2013.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. "June 2012."
Includes bibliographical references (pages 113-116).
The prevalence of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and other related behavioral health conditions among active duty service members and their families has grown over 100% in the past six years and are now estimated to afflict 18% of the total military force. A 2007 DoD task force on mental health concluded that the current military psychological health care system is insufficient to meet the needs of the served population. In spite of billions of dollars committed to hundreds of programs and improvement initiatives since then, the system continues to experience provider shortages, surging costs, poor access to and quality of care as well as persistently high service-related suicide rates. We developed a model to study how the resourcing policies and incentive structures interact with the operations of military behavioral health clinics and contribute to their ability to provide effective care. We show that policies and incentives skewed towards increased patient loads and improvement in access to initial care result in a number of vicious cycles that reinforce provider shortages, increase costs and decrease access to care. Additionally we argue that insufficient informational feedback contributes to incorrect attributions and the persistence of ineffective policies. Finally we propose a set of policies and enabling performance metrics that can contribute to sustained improvement in system performance by turning death spirals into virtuous cycles leading to higher provider and patient satisfaction, better quality of care and more efficient resource utilization contributing to better healthcare outcomes and increased levels of medical readiness.
by Dmitriy Eduard Lyan.
S.M. in Engineering and Management
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Hunt, Daryl R. (Daryl Roscoe) 1955. "A systems approach to team performance measurement." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9622.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 1999.Includes bibliographical references (p. 99-102).
Teams are rapidly becoming the primary work unit across business and industry. Much has been written about the advantages of teams in problem solving, decision-making, quality improvement and performing complex tasks. Likewise, the body of knowledge surrounding team development, teamwork and team dynamics has grown rapidly over the last 15 to 20 years. Many theories of team performance have been developed. However, few unified approaches to measuring team performance have been proposed. Team performance measurement (TPM) is important for several reasons: 1) team measures have a motivating and focusing influence on team processes; 2) measurement provides necessary feedback for decision-making, problem diagnosis and intervention; and 3) measurement is fundamental to team learning and continuous improvement. The premise of this thesis is that the design and deployment of effective team performance measurement strategies can best be accomplished through a systems approach. A systems approach to TPM considers the following: I) The object of the measurement, the team is a system. 2) Team performance measurement strategies must consider the elements of the system (members, sub-teams, tasks, processes and interfaces) in addition to system outputs. 3) The team operates within an organizational super-system, which imposes contextual and environmental influences on team performance. 4) Team performance measurement is itself a system, with an associated function, interrelated elements, interfaces, influences and context. This thesis suggests an architectural framework for analyzing the critical factors influencing team performance and a holistic TPM framework for developing and deploying a balanced set of team measures.
by Daryl R. Hunt.
S.M.
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Johansson, Tim. "PERFORMANCE VISUALIZATION OF URBAN SYSTEMS." Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Industriellt och hållbart byggande, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-61788.
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The planning, construction, management and use of our built environment are affected by diverse social, economic and environmental factors. Sustainable urban development is dependent on the understanding of the complex relations between the built environment, the social activities that take place over time and the interaction with the natural environment. The challenge to understand urban systems on both the local and global scale has inspired researchers and national agencies to develop sustainability indicators to support the planning, construction, management and use of the built environment. Access to open data of our built environment in national, regional and local databases opens new possibilities to generate models of our urban systems to facilitate visualization and analysis of indicators in order to enhance awareness of sustainability dimensions. Here spatial Extract, Transform and Load (ETL) technologies can be used in combination with Geographic Information system GIS to manage data sets from multiple sources in different formats. The purpose of this research is to investigate how spatial ETL technologies can be used to develop models in order to analyse and visualize the performance of urban systems. The applied method is grounded in system development and based on an abductive research approach that was repeated in six studies. Three of the studies deal with the relocation of Kiruna where models of the city was created and used to investigate the impact of mining subsidence on energy supply, infrastructure and buildings. The fourth case investigates the selection of insulation material on the embedded energy in a passive house in Kiruna. In the fifth case an urban model of the twin towns Malmberget/Gällivare was created to explore and relate data on attitudes from a survey to public data on population, infrastructure and built environment. The final case is the development of an energy atlas containing 90% of the multifamily building stock in Sweden. The atlas combines the energy performance and renovation status of multifamily buildings with public data of ownership, income of residents etc. for individual buildings in 3D models or aggregated on spatial scales ranging from 250x250 m squares through district and municipality to county areas in Sweden. The result shows that multiple sources in different formats, both standardized and non-standardized, can be utilized in the extraction of information for the purpose of developing urban performance models. The Swedish high-resolution LiDAR digital height model together property information makes it possible to represent the built environment by extruded footprints to give a 3D representation of all urban areas in Sweden (Level-Of-Detail 1). In combination with performance data (e.g. energy use, renovation status or result from surveys) urban performance GIS models can be created and visualized in applications (such as Google Earth, 3D pdf) to support decision-making on both individual and institutional level. The automation of the process to develop performance models offers a method for customizing information deliveries on the fly using original data sources according to defined requirements. The flexibility and customization are kept in the process rather than in the delivered model. This makes it easier to keep the performance model up to date. For the management of large performance models, e.g. the example of the national energy atlas, a staging phase was added in the automation process, in order to reduce the processing time.
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Liu, Yang. "Resource management techniques for high performance ultra widebrand wireless networks." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37834101.
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Liu, Yang, and 劉揚. "Resource management techniques for high performance ultra widebrand wireless networks." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37834101.
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Kågebrand, Karlsson Matilda, Frida Johansson, and Ebba Nelzén. "Styrning mot målkongruens när outsourcing tillämpas : En kvalitativ fallstudie på Eksjöhus AB." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-96824.
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Bakgrund och problem: Ekonomistyrning måste anpassas till respektive företags förutsättningar. Företag kan tillämpas olika strategier i syfte att uppnå deras vision varav en strategi är outsourcing. Outsourcing innebär att en extern part kontrakteras att utföra en viss aktivitet för en annan organisations räkning. Denna form av struktur får dock inverkan på verksamhetens förmåga att skapa målkongruens eftersom det innebär att även den externa partens målsättningar måste stämma överens med organisationens målsättningar. Ytterligare problematik uppstår när outsourcing tillämpas till flertalet externa organisationer i form av agenter. Problematik i förhållandet mellan agenten och den styrande verksamheten beskrivs i teorin av fenomenet agency theory och dess underliggande antagande om att respektive part kommer att agera utefter sina egna intressen och målsättningar. Att styra en verksamhet till målkongruens under dessa förutsättningar blir därmed komplext. Syfte: Studien ämnar förklara komplexiteten i styrning när outsourcing tillämpas på en avdelning som består av agenter. Utöver detta ska studien också beskriva hur styrning implementeras och vilka styrmedel som appliceras för de olika avdelningarna inom fallföretaget i jämförelse med den outsourcade avdelningen. Studien syftar därmed till att undersöka hur styrning kan utformas för att uppnå målkongruens i en verksamhet inom husbyggnadsbranschen som har valt att tillämpa outsourcing på försäljningsavdelningen. Metod: Studien har tagit ansats i en kvalitativ forskningsmetod och tillämpat en enfallsstudie som forskningsdesign. Vidare har insamlingen av det empiriska materialet utgått från semistrukturerade intervjuer. Slutsats: Styrning mot målkongruens när outsourcing tillämpas uppnås genom att respektive avdelnings samt individers målsättningar sammanlänkas med organisationens målsättningar, vilket också överensstämmer med vad teorin definierar som tillvägagångssätt för att uppnå målkongruens. I syfte att den externa organisationen ska tillta ett målkongruent beteende bör vinstmaximering ligga till grund för utformningen av eventuell budget och målsättning i den outsourcade verksamheten.Background and problem: Management control must be adapted to the circumstances of each company. Companies can apply different strategies to achieve their vision, one being outsourcing. Outsourcing means that an external party is contracted to perform a certain activity on behalf of another organization. However, this form of structure has an impact on the business's ability to create target congruence because it means that the external party's objectives must be in line with the organisation's objectives. Further problems arise when outsourcing is applied to multiple external organizations in the form of agents. Problems within the relationship between the agent and the business that controls are described as the phenomenon of agency theory and its underlying assumption that each party will act according to its own interests and objectives. Controlling a business to target congruence under these conditions is thereby complex. Purpose: The study aims to explain the complexity of control when outsourcing is applied to a department that consists of agents. In addition to this, the study will also describe how control is implemented and how control mechanisms are applied to the various departments within the case company in comparison to the outsourced department. The aim of this study is thereby to investigate how control can be designed to achieve target congruence in an activity in the house construction industry that has chosen to apply outsourcing to the sales department. Method: The study has taken a qualitative research and applied a case study as a research design. Furthermore, the collection of the empirical material has been based on semi- structured interviews. Conclusion: Control towards goal congruence when outsourcing is applied is achieved by linking the objectives of each department and individuals with the goals of the organization. This is also in line with what the theory defines as the approach to achieving goal congruence. In order to achieve a goal-congruent behaviour, the external organization should use of profit maximization in every budget and objectives in the outsourced activity.
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Baker-Langman, E. J. "A systems approach to asset management in the hydro-electric sector." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/d5280cd9-7819-42df-864c-3af3cd4236b0.
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The premise for this thesis is that successful management of physical assets must consider not only the infrastructure, but also the wider system within which it is located. Only through 'systems thinking' can the performance of a complex asset be managed to meet the demand being placed on it by its stakeholders, which may include customers; shareholders: staff; regulators and suppliers. In order to balance the competing demands of the various stakeholders, an organisation must be able to link the work that is carried out in maintaining. improving and replacing assets, to the service demands. This can only be done through understanding the processes occurring within and between the assets being managed. Current best practice in Asset Management revolves around principles of risk management, lifecycle planning and prioritisation. This requires a good understanding of interactions within the system. which could be gained from a process-based view of performance. A review of existing process models reveals a need for a generic methodology for building process models that could support improved Asset Management for organisations whose main asset base includes complex infrastructure elements. This should ultimately result in improved condition monitoring, management and performance of existing assets, and point out any need for further investment in new assets or data collection. An enhanced Asset Management methodology is developed through the course of this research and is demonstrated on a simplified case study based on part of the business of Scottish and Southern Energy pIc. The study reveals the importance of process modelling in allowing an organisation to overcome the dangers of silo-organisation, as represented in the traditional organigram. The enhanced methodology encourages greater communication along cross-functional lines rather than through a department-by-department approach and could therefore support the implementation of quality systems such as ISO 9001.
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Strydom, Aletta Sofia Louisa. "On assessing performance management systems in South African call centres." Thesis, Unisa, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/153.
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The research aims to establish a framework whereby performance management systems can be assessed in terms of its effectiveness. The industry in which research is conducted is the call centre industry in South Africa.The field of Performance Management is receiving more attention today than ever before. This is due to the fact that many companies are becoming more and more frustrated by the ‘disconnect’ that exists between formulating their strategy and successful delivery against it. The aim of this research is to determine how performance is managed in organisations, but more importantly, how it should be managed. To this end, this research considers the total endeavour required to manage performance as a system, and wishes to contribute towards specifying how this system must ‘hang together’. This research is conducted against the backdrop of the call centre industry in South Africa. The call centre industry is an area of potential growth in South Africa and in need of evaluating and improving their performance results to meet or exceed the international benchmarks. This level of global pressure makes call centres an appropriate subject of analysis on a topic such as Performance Management. The nature of this research was mostly exploratory, by firstly reviewing existing theory and literature relevant to this subject. Subsequent to this, two assessment instruments were used to assess the desired situation with regards to Performance Management Systems in South African call centres. The one instrument was developed as a result of the theory and literature reviewed during this research project (the PMSAI). Another, existing, instrument, the PMA®, (De Waal, 2004) was also used to provide a different view and provides an opportunity to triangulate this project. It also addresses the current status of Performance Management Systems in South African call centres to highlight shortcomings as a basis to review and improve these systems. The main findings of this research are that a successful Performance Management System should take cognisance of a number of factors in- and outside of the organisation as well as the interplay between ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ elements in the system. Examples of these factors are the industry and focus of the organisation, as well as what the Performance Management System must be used for. Examples of ‘hard’ vs ‘soft’ elements are responsibilities for performance targets (hard) and the level of buy-in to achieve the targets (‘soft’). In the end, a perfect ‘answer’ to Performance Management is elusive and is likely to remain so mainly due to the inherent complexity and level of variety that this system must cater for.
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Tran, Viet-Trung. "Scalable data-management systems for Big Data." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00920432.
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Big Data can be characterized by 3 V's. * Big Volume refers to the unprecedented growth in the amount of data. * Big Velocity refers to the growth in the speed of moving data in and out management systems. * Big Variety refers to the growth in the number of different data formats. Managing Big Data requires fundamental changes in the architecture of data management systems. Data storage should continue being innovated in order to adapt to the growth of data. They need to be scalable while maintaining high performance regarding data accesses. This thesis focuses on building scalable data management systems for Big Data. Our first and second contributions address the challenge of providing efficient support for Big Volume of data in data-intensive high performance computing (HPC) environments. Particularly, we address the shortcoming of existing approaches to handle atomic, non-contiguous I/O operations in a scalable fashion. We propose and implement a versioning-based mechanism that can be leveraged to offer isolation for non-contiguous I/O without the need to perform expensive synchronizations. In the context of parallel array processing in HPC, we introduce Pyramid, a large-scale, array-oriented storage system. It revisits the physical organization of data in distributed storage systems for scalable performance. Pyramid favors multidimensional-aware data chunking, that closely matches the access patterns generated by applications. Pyramid also favors a distributed metadata management and a versioning concurrency control to eliminate synchronizations in concurrency. Our third contribution addresses Big Volume at the scale of the geographically distributed environments. We consider BlobSeer, a distributed versioning-oriented data management service, and we propose BlobSeer-WAN, an extension of BlobSeer optimized for such geographically distributed environments. BlobSeer-WAN takes into account the latency hierarchy by favoring locally metadata accesses. BlobSeer-WAN features asynchronous metadata replication and a vector-clock implementation for collision resolution. To cope with the Big Velocity characteristic of Big Data, our last contribution feautures DStore, an in-memory document-oriented store that scale vertically by leveraging large memory capability in multicore machines. DStore demonstrates fast and atomic complex transaction processing in data writing, while maintaining high throughput read access. DStore follows a single-threaded execution model to execute update transactions sequentially, while relying on a versioning concurrency control to enable a large number of simultaneous readers.
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Klein-Halmaghi, Cristian. "Cooperative Resource Management for Parallel and Distributed Systems." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00780719.
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High-Performance Computing (HPC) resources, such as Supercomputers, Clusters, Grids and HPC Clouds, are managed by Resource Management Systems (RMSs) that multiple resources among multiple users and decide how computing nodes are allocated to user applications. As more and more petascale computing resources are built and exascale is to be achieved by 2020, optimizing resource allocation to applications is critical to ensure their efficient execution. However, current RMSs, such as batch schedulers, only offer a limited interface. In most cases, the application has to blindly choose resources at submittal without being able to adapt its choice to the state of the target resources, neither before it started nor during execution. The goal of this Thesis is to improve resource management, so as to allow applications to efficiently allocate resources. We achieve this by proposing software architectures that promote collaboration between the applications and the RMS, thus, allowing applications to negotiate the resources they run on. To this end, we start by analysing the various types of applications and their unique resource requirements, categorizing them into rigid, moldable, malleable and evolving. For each case, we highlight the opportunities they open up for improving resource management.The first contribution deals with moldable applications, for which resources are only negotiated before they start. We propose CooRMv1, a centralized RMS architecture, which delegates resource selection to the application launchers. Simulations show that the solution is both scalable and fair. The results are validated through a prototype implementation deployed on Grid'5000. Second, we focus on negotiating allocations on geographically-distributed resources, managed by multiple institutions. We build upon CooRMv1 and propose distCooRM, a distributed RMS architecture, which allows moldable applications to efficiently co-allocate resources managed by multiple independent agents. Simulation results show that distCooRM is well-behaved and scales well for a reasonable number of applications. Next, attention is shifted to run-time negotiation of resources, so as to improve support for malleable and evolving applications. We propose CooRMv2, a centralized RMS architecture, that enables efficient scheduling of evolving applications, especially non-predictable ones. It allows applications to inform the RMS about their maximum expected resource usage, through pre-allocations. Resources which are pre-allocated but unused can be filled by malleable applications. Simulation results show that considerable gains can be achieved. Last, production-ready software are used as a starting point, to illustrate the interest as well as the difficulty of improving cooperation between existing systems. GridTLSE is used as an application and DIET as an RMS to study a previously unsupported use-case. We identify the underlying problem of scheduling optional computations and propose an architecture to solve it. Real-life experiments done on the Grid'5000 platform show that several metrics are improved, such as user satisfaction, fairness and the number of completed requests. Moreover, it is shown that the solution is scalable.
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Ryeng, Norvald. "Improving Query Processing Performance in Large Distributed Database Management Systems." Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for datateknikk og informasjonsvitenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-14695.
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The dream of computing power as readily available as the electricity in a wall socket is coming closer to reality with the arrival of grid and cloud computing. At the sametime, databases grow to sizes beyond what can be efficiently managed by single server systems. There is a need for efficient distributed database management systems (DBMSs). Current distributed DBMSs are not built to scale to more than tensor hundreds of sites (i.e., nodes or computers). Users of grid and cloud computingexpect not only almost innite scalability, i.e., at least to thousands of sites, but alsothat the scale is adapted automatically to meet the demand, whether it increases or decreases. This is a challenge to current distributed DBMSs. In this thesis, the focus is on how to improve performance of query processingin large distributed DBMSs where coordination between sites has been reduced inorder to increase scalability. The challenge is for the sites to make decisions thatare globally benecial when their view of the complete system is limited. The main contributions of this thesis are methods to increase failure resilience of aggregation queries, adaptively place data on dierent sites and locate these sites afterwards,and cache intermediate results of query processing. The study of failure resilience in aggregation queries presented in this thesisshows that dierent aggregation functions react dierently to failures and that countermeasures must be adapted to each function. A low-cost method to increase accuracyis proposed. The dynamic data placement method presented in this thesis allows data to befragmented, allocated, and replicated to adapt to the current system conguration and workload. Fragments are split, coalesced, reallocated, and replicated during query processing to improve query processing performance by allowing more data to be accessed locally. The proposed look up method uses range indexing to make it possible to efficiently identify the sites that store relevant data for a query with low overhead when data is updated. During query execution, a number of intermediate results are produced, and this thesis proposes a method to cache these results and use them to answer other,similar queries. In particular, a caching method to improve execution times of top-kqueries is presented. Results of experiments in simulators and on an implementation in the DASCOSADB distributed DBMS prototype show that these methods lead to signicant savings in query execution time.
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Kraus, K. (Klemens). "Security management process in distributed, large scale high performance systems." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2014. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526206783.
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Abstract In recent years the number of attacks on critical infrastructure has not only increased substantially but such attacks have also shown higher sophistication. With the increasing interconnection of information systems it is common that critical systems communicate and share information outside an organization’s networks for many different scenarios. In the academic world as well as in existing security implementations, focus is placed on individual aspects of the security process - for example, network security, legal and regulatory compliance and privacy - without considering the process on the whole. This work focuses on solving this security gap of critical infrastructure by providing solutions for emerging attack vectors. Using design science research methods, a model was developed that seeks to combine these individual security aspects to form a complete security management process (SMP). This SMP introduces, among others theories of security topics, recommended best practices and a security organization structure. An instantiation of the SMP model was implemented for a large-scale critical infrastructure. This work introduces the system developed, its architecture, personnel hierarchy and security relevant workflows. Due to employed surveillance networks, specialized requirements for bandwidth utilization while preserving data security were present. Thus algorithms for solving these requirements are introduced as sub-constructs. Other focus points are the managerial aspects of sensors deployed in surveillance networks and the automatic processing of the sensor data to perform data fusion. Algorithms for both tasks were developed for the specific system but could be generalized for other instantiations. Verification was performed by empirical studies of the instantiation in two separate steps. First the instantiation of the SMP was analyzed as a whole. One of the main quality factors of the instantiation is incident response time, especially in complex scenarios. Consequently measurements of response times when handling incidents compared to the traditional system were performed in different scenarios. System usability was then verified by user acceptance tests of operators and administrators. Both studies indicate significant improvements compared to traditional security systems. Secondly, the sub-constructs communication optimizations and the data fusion algorithm were verified showing substantial improvements in their corresponding areasTiivistelmä Viime vuosina kriittisiin infrastruktuureihin on kohdistunut merkittävästi aiempaa enemmän erilaisia hyökkäyksiä. Tietojärjestelmien välisten yhteyksien lisääntymisen myötä myös kriittiset järjestelmät kommunikoivat nykyään keskenään ja jakavat tietoa organisaation sisäisten verkkojen ulkopuolellekin. Akateemisessa tutkimuksessa ja turvajärjestelmien toteutuksissa on huomio kohdistettu turvallisuutta koskevien prosessien yksittäisiin piirteisiin, kuten esimerkiksi verkkojen turvallisuuteen, lakien ja sääntöjen noudattamiseen ja yksityisyyteen, miettimättä prosesseja kokonaisuutena. Väitöstutkimuksen tavoitteena on ollut ratkaista tämä kriittisten infrastruktuurien turvallisuusongelma tarjoamalla ratkaisuja, jotka paljastavat mahdollisia hyökkäysreittejä. Väitöstutkimuksessa kehitettiin suunnittelutieteellisen tutkimuksen avulla lähestymistapa, joka yhdistää yksittäiset turvallisuusnäkökohdat ja muodostaa näin turvallisuuden kokonaishallinnan prosessin mallin. Malli hyödyntää erilaisia turvallisuusteorioita, suositeltuja hyviä käytäntöjä ja turvallisen organisaation rakennemalleja. Mallista kehitettiin esimerkkitoteutus laajamittaista kriittistä infrastruktuuria varten. Tämä väitöskirja esittelee kehitetyn järjestelmän, sen arkkitehtuurin, henkilökuntahierarkian ja turvallisuuden kannalta relevantit työnkulkukaaviot. Työssä huomioitiin laajan valvontaverkoston edellyttämät erityisvaatimukset tilanteessa, jossa tietoturvallisuuden säilyttäminen oli tärkeää. Myös näiden erityisvaatimuksiin liittyvien mallin osien ratkaisualgoritmit esitetään. Muita työn tuotoksia ovat hallinnolliset näkökulmat, jotka on huomioitava, kun valvonnalle tärkeitä sensoreita hallinnoidaan ja sensorien tuottamaa dataa yhdistellään. Algoritmit luotiin esimerkkiympäristöön, mutta niitä on mahdollista soveltaa muihinkin toteutuksiin. Toteutuksen oikeellisuuden todentamisessa käytettiin empiirisiä ympäristöjä kahdessa eri vaiheessa. Ensiksi turvallisuusprosessin kokonaishallinnan malli analysoitiin kokonaisuutena. Merkittävä laatutekijä oli havaintotapahtuman vasteaika erityisesti monimutkaisissa skenaarioissa. Siksi työssä esitellään eri skenaarioiden avulla tapahtumanhallinnan vasteaikojen mittauksia suhteessa perinteisiin järjestelmiin. Tämän jälkeen järjestelmän käytettävyys todennettiin operaattorien ja hallintohenkilöstön kanssa tehtyjen hyväksymistestien avulla. Testit osoittivat huomattavaa parannusta verrattuna perinteisiin turvajärjestelmiin. Toiseksi verifiointiin mallin osien kommunikaation optimointi ja algoritmien toimivuus erikseen ja niissäkin ilmeni huomattavia parannuksia perinteisiin järjestelmiin verrattuna
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Zhan, Bo. "An integrated quality assurance framework for enterprise performance management systems." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27564.
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Increasingly, large organizations, such as governments and hospitals, are deploying complex on-line enterprise performance management systems, which support business performance management by analyzing the data collected from their operational systems into data warehouses. Those systems are often run on a network of centralized servers and are accessed by thousands of geographically dispersed users via browser-based inter-faces.
To be successful, an enterprise performance management system must be scalable and it must be reliable to provide critical business services 24 hours per day x 7 days per week. The system also must be accepted by users, which means it will be really used so that the value of the system to the business can be realized. Data in the performance management system can be sensitive; hence, the system must protect privacy when delivering data and reports to users.
This thesis defines an integrated quality assurance framework which addresses scalability, reliability, usage and privacy issues for enterprise performance management systems. Compared to black box testing, the integrated quality assurance framework has several advantages. It uses basic technologies (metadata modeling, reporting, portal, etc.) of an enterprise performance management system to provide deep analysis on system logs to measure quality both during development of the system and when it is in production. This thesis performs a case study using our approach by simulating the enterprise performance management system for a major teaching hospital in our lab environment and integrating our quality assurance framework.
Often the data in the production environment is highly sensitive and its access strictly regulated by privacy law. To accurately assess the quality of the performance management system in a test environment, this thesis presents a strategy for generating test data with similar characteristics to the real sensitive data, and we have a Java-based tool implemented and applied in our research.
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Jwijati, Ihssan Maamoun. "Exploring the influence of national culture on performance management systems." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/3358.
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Globalisation has resulted in the increase of internationalisation for large and small organisations alike. Since Performance Management Systems (PMS) are vitally used by top management to make them aware of their attainment of the planned organisational goals, their use has become widespread in most companies (Speckbacher et al., 2003). At the same time, the expansion of organisations outside their birthplaces has compelled top managers to use their home developed Performance Management Systems in different cultures. Each national culture has its unique combination of National Culture dimensions, which had originally emerged from the anthropology field (Nardon & Steers, 2009, House et al., 2004). This phenomenon prompted scholars to call for the investigation of the impact of national culture on performance management systems (Otley, 2003). Therefore, the aim of the study is to investigate the impact of national culture on the design and use of Performance Management Systems. The researcher first reviewed published literature in performance measurement and management control systems, but found it to be scarce and fragmented; an inductive case study design was employed to collect data from four diverse national cultures to bridge the knowledge gap. Four national cultures were tested: China, Italy, Qatar and the UK. The researcher used Hofstede’s (1980) framework of national culture to map the relationship between the design and use of Performance Management System in different national cultures. The research findings confirmed that national culture dimensions of Power Distance (PD) and Uncertainty Avoidance (UA) impact the design and use of Performance Management Systems individually or combined. PD dimension influence starting a balanced PMS, the degree of collaboration in Performance Management Systems’ design, the intended aim of Performance Management Systems’ implementation, type of performance measures employed, Performance Management Systems’ adoption and the frequency of Performance Management Systems’ use. While UA dimension influences information accessibility and collaboration patterns in PMS use. The research also identified different moderators that affect the action of national culture dimensions such as leaders’ age, and education and innovation based goods.
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Komsul, Muhammed Ziya. "Real time and performance management techniques in SSD storage systems." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/39144.
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Flash-based storage systems offer high density, robustness, and reliability for embedded applications; however the physical nature of flash memory means that there are limitations to its usage in high reliability applications. To increase the reliability of flash-based storage systems, several RAID mechanisms have been proposed. However, these mechanisms permit the recovery of data onto a new replacement device when a particular device in the array reaches its endurance limit and they need regular garbage collection to efficiently manage free resources. These present concerns with response time as when a garbage collector or a device replacement is underway, the flash memory cannot be used by the application layer for an uncertain period of time. This non-determinism in terms of response time is problematic in high reliability systems that require real-time guarantees. Existing solutions to garbage collection only consider single flash chip but ignore architectures where multiple flash memories are used in a storage system such as RAID. Traditional replacement mechanisms based on magnetic storage mediums do not suit specifications of flash memory. The aim of this thesis is to improve the reliability of the SSD RAID mechanisms by providing guaranteed access time for hard real-time embedded applications. Investigating the hypothesis, a number of novel mechanisms were proposed with the goal of enhancing data reliability in an SSD array. Two novel mechanisms solve the non-determinism problem caused by garbage collection without disturbing the reliability mechanism unlike existing techniques. The third mechanism is device replacement techniques for replacing elements in the array, increasing system dependability by providing continuous system availability with higher I/O performance for hard real-time embedded applications. A global flash translation layer with novel garbage collection mechanisms, on-line device replacement techniques, and their associated controllers are implemented on our FPGA SSD RAID controller. Contrary to traditional approaches, a dynamic preemptive cleaning mechanism adopts a dynamic cleaning feature which does not disturb the reliability mechanism. In addition to this the garbage collection aware RAID mechanism is introduced to improve the maximum response time of the system further. On-line device replacement techniques address limitations of the device replacement and thus provide more deterministic response times. The reliability, real-time and performance of these mechanisms via trace-driven simulator for number of synthetic and realistic traces are also evaluated. The contribution of this thesis is as follows: the presentation of novel mechanisms that enable the real-time support for RAID techniques in SSD devices, the development of a number of mechanisms that enhance the performance and reliability of flash-based storages, the implementation of these controllers, and the provision of a complete test bed for investigating these behaviours.
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Smarra, Devin. "Thermal Management and Packaging Techniques for High Performance Electrical Systems." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1591122977788952.
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Ansari, Hamon. "Performance Comparison of Two Database Management Systems MySQL vs MongoDB." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-155398.
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Databases are commonly used today in a vast amounts of applications. The main point in using databases is to be able to store and access data fast and in a secure way. These databases need to be able make different operations as fast as possible without losing data. The two main database technologies used today are NoSQL and SQL (StructuredQuery Language) databases. NoSQL is an umbrella term for all DBMS (Database Management system) which are not using SQL like relational databases do. NoSQL stands for non-SQL, non-relational or not only SQL. In this thesis one DBMS from each database technology is compared to each other. The comparison is based on space allocation when they contain different amounts of records and time performance when executing different operations on different amounts of records. The operation stested for the speed performance were insertion, select, update and remove. The results showed that MySQL allocated less space when containing large amounts of records. While MongoDB was faster in almost all test case for every operation.
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Lofstead, Gerald Fredrick. "Extreme scale data management in high performance computing." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37232.
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Extreme scale data management in high performance computing requires consideration of the end-to-end scientific workflow process. Of particular importance for runtime performance, the write-read cycle must be addressed as a complete unit. Any optimization made to enhance writing performance must consider the subsequent impact on reading performance. Only by addressing the full write-read cycle can scientific productivity be enhanced.
The ADIOS middleware developed as part of this thesis provides an API nearly as simple as the standard POSIX interface, but with the flexibilty to choose what transport mechanism(s) to employ at or during runtime. The accompanying BP file format is designed for high performance parallel output with limited coordination overheads while incorporating features to accelerate subsequent use of the output for reading operations. This pair of optimizations of the output mechanism and the output format are done such that they either do not negatively impact or greatly improve subsequent reading performance when compared to popular self-describing file formats. This end-to-end advantage of the ADIOS architecture is further enhanced through techniques to better enable asychronous data transports affording the incorporation of 'in flight' data processing operations and pseudo-transport mechanisms that can trigger workflows or other operations.