Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Performance gains'
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Dobberstein, Trina A. Hines Edward R. "Performance gains on selected outcome measures a case analysis /." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1991. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9203027.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 1991.Title from title page screen, viewed December 8, 2005. Dissertation Committee: Edward R. Hines (chair), Ronald S. Halinski, John R. McCarthy, Patricia A. O'Connell, George A. Padavil. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 133-144) and abstract. Also available in print.
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Schacht, Mirko [Verfasser]. "System Performance Gains from Smart Antenna Concepts in CDMA / Mirko Schacht." Aachen : Shaker, 2005. http://d-nb.info/1181620074/34.
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Shamanoff, Gloria. "Achievement gains of average ability students in a magnet program versus a non-magnet program." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/468350.
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The purpose of the study was to determine the effect, if any, of a selected magnet school program on achievement of average ability students. Repeated academic growth of average ability elementary magnet school students was compared with repeated academic growth of average ability elementary non-magnet school students in a major school corporation in northern Indiana.Data were collected from thirty-eight average mental ability fifth grade magnet school students and thirty-eight average mental ability fifth grade non-magnet school students from twenty-two schools. Student subjects had been in the respective educational setting for at least four years. Average mental ability (C+, C, or C-) was determined by the Otis-Lennon Ability, Test, Primary II administered while the students were enrolled in the third grade. Achievement was determined by the Iowa Test of Basic Skills, Levels 9-10. Achievement score data were collected for two years, three and four for each student subject, and averaged.Analysis of co-variance was utilized to test a hypothesis of no overall difference between group means. The hypothesis was rejected with the F value significant at 0.008. A profile analysis was utilized to probe for differences, if any, among adjusted means for the ten subtests of the Iowa Test of Basic Skills, Levels 9-10. A parallelism existed between magnet and non-magnet school students with magnet students scoring higher on all of the ten subtests of the Iowa Test of Basic Skills, Levels 9-10 except math computation where non-magnet students scored higher.
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Cook, Sean Christopher Umphress David A. "Regressing object-oriented principles to achieve performance gains on the Java Platform, Micro edition." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Fall/Theses/COOK_SEAN_42.pdf.
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Miller, Justin (Justin Lee). "Simulation of a novel electromechanical engine valve drive to quantify performance gains in fuel consumption." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67767.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-68).
This thesis describes the modeling and simulation of a novel electromechanical valve drive known as the MIT EMV. This valve drive allows an engine to achieve variable valve timing which has been shown to produce improvements in engine fuel efficiency. To test this improvement, a reference engine model with fixed valve timing was obtained from the engine simulation software package WAVE® by Ricardo. A model of the MIT EMV was generated based on the details of the physical actuator, and it was incorporated into the WAVE® engine model. An interface between MATLAB® and WAVE® was developed for simulating the actuator at desired engine speeds and loads. Specific test points were chosen based on corporate operating points and operating points that were used to test the BMW Valvetronic actuator. Through simulation, it was determined that the MIT EMV can provide a reduction of approximately 10% in fuel consumption at the corporate operating points when compared to the reference engine model. The drive was also able to achieve performance gains similar to the BMW Valvetronic actuator, showing that it is able to compete with other actuators on the market even without variable lift capabilities.
by Justin Miller.
S.M.
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Kirmani, Farooq, and Fahri Akdemir. "Synegy: A Synhetic Study on Teams." Thesis, Umeå University, Umeå School of Business, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-18370.
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The main aim of this study was to test and ascertain, objectively, theexistence/occurrence of the phenomenon of Synergy in teams. To do this, the results of anonline course in Umea University, where students are invariably required to do a bunch ofindividual as well as team assignments, were analysed: the idea was to compare the marksobtained by the students in their team assignments with their marks in their individualassignments and to check if there was a reasonably good number of instances where the teammark was higher than the highest individual mark in that particular team. The basicassumption was that in case the team mark of a team was higher than the highest individualmark in that team, then, it can be presumed that synergy has taken place in that team for thatparticular team assignment. And, given a reasonably large sample of teams, it would beinstructive to see what percentage of groups/teams actually show synergy. In case a goodnumber of teams show such results then we could conclude that there was objective evidencein favour of the synergy. In case our analysis brought to fore such results then it would benatural to take the study one step ahead and test a broad causal relationship of synergy withthe complexity/difficulty of task at hand.After analysing the results of about 387 students, who worked in about 104 teams, itwas found that about 69.23% teams scored higher than the highest scoring individual; 93.26%teams faired better than the average score of team members; and, 98.07% teams can be said tohave performed better if compared to the lowest individual score.Further, one level below, when team-score and individual-score were compared acrossdifferent team and individual tasks (Case Studies), it still came to fore that teams hadoutperformed the individuals. And, when a single student’s marks in his team assignmentswere compared with his marks in his individual assignments, in five out of six comparisons itwas found that the team mark was convincingly higher than the individual mark.All these results strongly indicated the existence/occurrence of synergy in teams.In addition to this, an experiment on two teams of students was also performed toshow that synergy was more likely to happen if the task at hand was complex/ difficult. Theresults of this experiment seemed to corroborate the contention of the researchers.Keywords: Project Management, Team, Team Work, Individual work, Synergy
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Quazzo, Dante. "Examining Gains in Operational Efficiency in Public-to-Private and Private-to-Private Transactions." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1000.
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Using private firm financial data, I compare operational improvements in public-to-private and private-to-private leveraged transactions in Western Europe between 2003 and 2010. Results are consistent with the recent literature and find operational gains to be significantly smaller then when buyouts were originally analyzed by Jensen (1989) and Kaplan (1989). Public firms experience an increase in raw EBITDA margin of 7.2 percentage points three years post-buyout, while a doubling of firm size yields an increase in EBITDA margin of 4.6 percentage points in year three post-buyout. Using industry-adjusted data, prior corporate form is positive and significant in year two post-buyout. Contrary to prior literature’s expectations, governance state does not impact increases in net profit margin or return on assets. My analysis offers support for the free cash flow theory, as the positive and significant effect of a public structure on EBITDA margin suggests that public firms have greater growth potential for private equity investors and more agency costs than their private counterparts.
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Marin, Nilo E. "The Impact of a Classroom Performance System on Learning Gains in a Biology Course for Science Majors." FIU Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/869.
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This study was conducted to determine if the use of the technology known as Classroom Performance System (CPS), specifically referred to as “Clickers”, improves the learning gains of students enrolled in a biology course for science majors. CPS is one of a group of developing technologies adapted for providing feedback in the classroom using a learner-centered approach. It supports and facilitates discussion among students and between them and teachers, and provides for participation by passive students. Advocates, influenced by constructivist theories, claim increased academic achievement. In science teaching, the results have been mixed, but there is some evidence of improvements in conceptual understanding.
The study employed a pretest-posttest, non-equivalent groups experimental design. The sample consisted of 226 participants in six sections of a college biology course at a large community college in South Florida with two instructors trained in the use of clickers. Each instructor randomly selected their sections into CPS (treatment) and non-CPS (control) groups. All participants filled out a survey that included demographic data at the beginning of the semester. The treatment group used clicker questions throughout, with discussions as necessary, whereas the control groups answered the same questions as quizzes, similarly engaging in discussion where necessary. The learning gains were assessed on a pre/post-test basis.
The average learning gains, defined as the actual gain divided by the possible gain, were slightly better in the treatment group than in the control group, but the difference was statistically non-significant. An Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) statistic with pretest scores as the covariate was conducted to test for significant differences between the treatment and control groups on the posttest. A second ANCOVA was used to determine the significance of differences between the treatment and control groups on the posttest scores, after controlling for sex, GPA, academic status, experience with clickers, and instructional style.
The results indicated a small increase in learning gains but these were not statistically significant. The data did not support an increase in learning based on the use of the CPS technology. This study adds to the body of research that questions whether CPS technology merits classroom adaptation.
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Xu, Zhaojin. "Selling Winners, Holding Losers: Effect on Mutual Fund Performance and Flows." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27878.
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In this dissertation, we examine whether the disposition effect, the tendency to sell winners and hold losers, exists among U.S. equity mutual funds and how the disposition effect influences fund performance and particularly flows. We find that a significant fraction (32%) of all funds exhibit some degree of disposition behavior. These funds underperform funds that are not disposition prone by 4-6% per year.
Moreover, we find that the disposition effect has a significant impact on future fund flows. Without controlling for performance, disposition-prone funds experience 2-3% less flows each quarter than other funds. The difference in flows is probably due to poor performance of such funds. However, even after controlling for performance and other factors that potentially influence flows, funds with a high disposition effect experience 0.7-2% less flows than funds without such behavior.
Past research has found that funds with low tax overhang garner larger inflows. Though disposition-prone funds are likely to have a lower tax overhang because they sell their winners quickly, we find that fund flows to disposition-prone funds are smaller than flows to non-disposition oriented funds after controlling for tax overhang. These results suggest that performance and tax efficiency as well as tax overhang are all important to mutual fund investors.Ph. D.
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Cormier, David R. "An examination of principal leadership practices and school-level variables in Connecticut schools with achievement gains above and below the state's average performance gain on state assessments /." Link to Dissertations, 2008. http://eprint.cc.andrews.edu/24/G.s.
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McCadden, Emily Rose. "Measuring Academic Performance and Learning Gains through Illustrative and Descriptive Notecards in an Undergraduate Human Biology Class for Nonmajors." Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1591384.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of notecards, a study aid, on students’ learning in three sections of a non-majors undergraduate Human Biology course. Moreover, the effectiveness of illustrations as study aids was compared with the effectiveness of descriptions as study aids. Presently, there is not much research on this particular topic, but notecards are a quite common method of studying.
Hypothesis: It was expected that the use of notecards would be more beneficial to student learning than no use at all. Furthermore, it was expected that drawing illustrations would be more effective than writing definitions or descriptions.
Method: Three Human Biology courses taught by the same instructor took part in the study. One class acted as the control in which they did not complete notecards, while the other two courses completed three notecards per unit. Of the two classes, one class completed notecards by drawing illustrations while the other course completed notecards in which students were to write definitions or descriptions. Pre-tests and post-tests were given at the beginning of the semester and the end of the semester, respectively, to identify students’ overall knowledge retention and learning during the semester.
Results: The Paired t-test and Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test showed that there was a statistically significant difference of change scores between the pre-tests and post-tests within each group meaning all sections of the course learned. The Shapiro-Wilk’s test showed that data was normally distributed to continue the One-Way ANOVA tests. The results of the One-Way ANOVA showed that there was a statistically significant difference between all groups, and the Tukey post-hoc test pinpointed the statistical significance of the One-Way ANOVA between the illustration group and the control group. There was neither a statistically significant difference between the illustration group and the description group nor between the description group and the control group. The Effect Size was small-to-medium, ω = 0.044. The Kruskal-Wallis H test performed on the weekly assignment scores showed there was a statistically significant difference between groups. Dunn’s (1964) procedure with a Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons showed that, generally, there was a statistically significant difference from the control group to the illustration group as well as from the control group to the description group, meaning students in the illustration group and the description group performed better on weekly assignments than the control group. The illustration group performed as well as the description group on weekly assignments. The weekly assignment and exam analysis compared average exam percentages and final exam percentages of each group to average assignment percentages to assess whether there were any certain notecard assignments, descriptive or illustrative, that led to different exam percentages between groups. Exam scores between all groups were similar and there was no specific trend between certain assignments and respective exam scores. Largely, in all groups, there was a positive correlation amongst exam scores and their respective assignments as well as a general positive correlation amongst the assignments and the final exam according to the results of Spearman’s Correlation test. The Kruskal-Wallis H test performed on all five exam scores of each group showed there was not a statistically significant difference between exam scores of each group. By assessing the change in number of correct answers per question between pre-tests and post-tests, it was determined that learning in some specific content areas may have been improved by utilizing notecards (descriptive in some cases and illustrative in other cases) as a study aid whereas learning in other content areas were nearly equivalent across all groups. Student reflection on course evaluations showed a mixed reaction to the notecard assignments with some students regarding them as their least favorite part of the course and still others commenting on how helpful they were to their study.
Conclusions: All groups learned throughout the semester, and learning gains for the illustration group and the description group doubled compared to the control group. Short-term learning based on weekly assignments was increased for both the illustration and description groups, but exam scores were not really affected by the different learning interventions. Exam scores were similar among the three groups, so notecards were neither superior nor inferior to the standard curriculum when it came to academic performance. The student divide concerning using notecards illuminated the idea that all students have different learning styles, and in the case of the present study, some students in one group may have preferred to complete the type of assignment of another group. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Dahl, Johan, and Cerda Benjamin Lingius. "Assessing Performance Gains of a P2P System Based on User Acceptance : A Case Study on National Real-Estate Companies." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-264091.
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The Unified theory of Technology Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model suggest that the user acceptance before adopting a technology will greatly affect how the technology is accepted, and in effect its impact and performance in the organisation. A technology that is having an increasing presence in organisations is Procure-to-Pay (P2P) systems. P2P systems have been shown to achieve performance gains after a successful implementation in the form of increased efficiency, higher quality and better control in the procurement process. Being able to assess beforehand the performance gains of a technology before adoption is a crucial step for organisations seeking to lower uncertainties. This research assesses the importance of user acceptance as a precondition for a successful implementation of a P2P system. The research was conducted as a multiple case study at three organisations; Jernhusen, Akademiska Hus and Specialfastigheter. Jernhusen is considering adopting a P2P system. Akademiska Hus and Specialfastigheter have undergone the adoption of a P2P system. By measuring the user acceptance at Jernhusen the performance of a P2P system was assessed from a theoretical standpoint. The performance of a P2P system, and how well the implementation had succeeded was measured at Akademiska Hus and Specialfastigheter and put in relation to the measured user acceptance before adoption. This provided data to assess to what extent user acceptance is a precondition for a successful implementation of a P2P system. The study found that the user acceptance at Jernhusen, Akademiska Hus and Specialfastigheter was low before adoption. The theory indicate that this would lead to low adoption of a P2P system at Jernhusen and few performance gains. However, performance measurements made at Akademiska Hus and Specialfastigheter indicated that the P2P systems have led to medium to high performance gains respectively despite of low user acceptance before adoption. The research therefore concluded that user acceptance is not an important precondition for a successful implementation of a P2P system.Unified Theory of Technology Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) modellen menar att användaracceptans innan en teknologi implementeras i en organisation är en avgörande faktor på hur organisationen kommer ta till sig teknologin och i sin tur teknologins effekt på organisationen. En teknologi som är allt mer framstående inom större organisationer är Procure-To-Pay (P2P) system. Effekterna av ett P2P system efter en framgångsrik implementation har påvisats vara förbättrad kvalité samt ökad effektivitet och kontroll av ingående steg av inköpsprocessen. Att kunna utvärdera systemets inverkan på en organisation i förhand är avgörande för organisationer som ämnar att minimera osäkerheter och risk vid systemimplementation. Denna studie utvärderar vikten av användaracceptans som en förutsättning för en lyckat implementation av ett P2P system. Studien var genomför som en flertalig fallstudie hos 3 organisationer; Jernhusen, Akademiska Hus och Specialfastigheter. Jernhusen överväger införandet av ett P2P system. Akademiska Hus och Specialfastigheter har infört ett P2P system. Genom att mäta användarnas acceptans hos Jernhusen utvärderades effekterna av införandet av ett P2P system ur ett teoretiskt perspektiv. Effekterna av ett P2P system och hur framgångsrik implementationen varit utvärderades vid Akademiska Hus och Specialfastigheter, och dessa effekter sattes i förhållande till användarnas acceptans innan införandet av systemet. Detta tillgängliggjorde data för att utvärdera till vilken grad användaracceptans är en förutsättning för en lyckad implementation av ett P2P system. Studien fann att användaracceptans hos Jernhusen, Akademiska Hus och Specialfastigheter var låg innan införandet av ett P2P system. Teorin föreslår att detta är dåliga förutsättningar för en framgångsrik implementation samt svårt att uppnå de önskade effekterna av systemet. Dock visade data från Akademiska Hus och Specialfastigheter att P2P systemen hade lett till de önskade effekterna trots den låga användaracceptans. Därmed drar studien slutsatsen att användaracceptans inte är ett avgörande förutsättning för en lyckad implementation av ett P2P system.
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Schaller, Sarah. "The relationship between NCLB measures of teacher quality and changes in California's high school academic performance gains from 1999-2005." CONNECT TO ELECTRONIC THESIS, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1961/3643.
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Farzaneh, Faranak. "L'insécurité de l'emploi et le comportement innovateur des employés : le rôle des attentes de gains en matière de performance et d'image." Thesis, Nice, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NICE0033.
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Le sentiment d’insécurité vis à vis de son emploi, en tant que facteur de stress, influence négativement le comportement lié au travail des employés. Dans cette recherche, nous nous sommes intéressés à la relation entre l’insécurité de l’emploi et le comportement innovateur des employés, étant donné que cette dernière n’a été pas étudiée dans la littérature. Le but de notre recherche est de savoir dans quelle mesure l’insécurité de l’emploi diminue le comportement innovateur des employés.Pour répondre à cette question, nous avons formulé l’hypothèse fondamentale que l’insécurité de l’emploi diminue les motivations d’un employé à innover et par conséquent diminue son comportement innovateur. La motivation d’un employé à innover a été analysée sous l’angle des attentes en matières de performance et d’image : un employé est motivé à innover lorsqu’il cherche à accroitre ses gains en matière de performance ou à améliorer son image dans l’organisation. À contrario, un employé s’abstient d’innover lorsqu’il perçoit qu’elle risque d’influencer négativement son image.Nous avons testé notre hypothèse sur un échantillon de 343 employés de différentes industries situées en France. Le résultat de notre recherche a montré que le sentiment d’insécurité de l’emploi est effectivement lié négativement au comportement innovateur des employés, au sens où cette insécurité diminue ses gains perçus en matière de performance et d’image. Que ce soit au plan académique ou au plan du management des organisations, l’apport de notre recherche consiste à proposer l’insécurité de l’emploi comme un nouvel antécédent du comportement innovateur des employésOb insecurity or the threats of unemployment has been recognized to be a stress maker at the workplaces, leading to a decrease in productive behaviors in organizations. This doctoral dissertation is interested in the relationship between job insecurity and employees’ innovative behavior, considering the fact that no previous studies have been made on the latter. The aim is to find out by which means job insecurity affects an employee’s decisions on the introduction of new product ideas, applying new work methods, and suggestions about new ways to achieve the objectives at the workplace. To answer this question, this hypothesis was suggested and tested, that job insecurity reduces the employee’s motivation to innovate and therefore reduces its innovative behavior. An employee’s motivation has been studied in terms of his expectations of performance and image. An employee is motivated to innovate in order to increase its gains in performance or image in the organization, whereas an employee prevents himself to innovate when he perceives the risks of endangering his image. After defining the concept and its components, we tested our hypothesis on a sample of 343 employees of different companies in France. We found that job insecurity is negatively related to innovative behavior of an employee. While he loses his motivation to gain, he does no more innovation, as he looks no more for either performance or improving his/her image. Either through an academic way or an organization management, the contribution of this research represents job insecurity as a new antecedent of employee’s innovative behavior in the workplace
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Carlander, Jakob. "On the Effect of Occupant Behavior and Internal Heat Gains on the Building’s Energy Demand : A case study of an office building and a retirement home." Licentiate thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Energisystem och byggnadsteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-35507.
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About 12% of the greenhouse gas emissions and 40% of the total energy use in the EU derive from the buildings. User behavior, construction, and HVAC systems has a significant impact on a building’s energy use. If a building is to be energy-efficient it is important to understand how all these parameters are connected. This study is motivated by the need to decrease the energy use in buildings to reach the goals of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions. In this thesis, measurements of indoor climate and electricity use, together with time diaries was used to create input data for an energy simulation model of a retirement home. A parametric study was conducted to simulate how energy demand was affected by changes in five different parameters in an office building. Also, two different energy-efficiency indicators were used to see how indicators can affect the perceived energy-efficiency of buildings. High amount of airing and low electricity use had the most impact on the heating demand in the retirement home, and electricity use had the highest impact on the total energy demand in the office building. The model of the retirement home using data gathered on-site had 24% higher energy use than the model using standard user input data. In the office building, total energy demand for heating and cooling could be lowered with 12-31% by lowering the electricity use with 30% compared to standard user input data. For office buildings the most important thing to lower total energy demand seems to be lowering the electricity use. Using today’s standard user input data does not correspond well to using on-site gathered data in a retirement home and it is therefore important to develop the standard user input data further. The indicator kWh/m2, seems to promote buildings with low occupancy. This could lead to buildings being utilized in an in-efficient way. The indicator kWh/m2 should either be replaced or combined with an indicator that takes occupancy into consideration.Runt 12% av utsläppen av växthusgaser och 40% av den totala energianvändningen i EU kommer från byggnader. Brukarbeteende, konstruktion och HVAC-system har signifikant påverkan på en byggnads energianvändning. Om en byggnad ska bli så energieffektiv som möjligt är det viktigt att förstå hur dessa parametrar hör ihop. Denna studie motiveras av behovet att minska energianvändning i byggnader för att nå målen för energianvändning och utsläpp av växthusgaser. I denna avhandling användes mätningar av inomhusklimat och elanvändning, tillsammans med tidsdagböcker, för att skapa indata till en energisimuleringsmodell av ett ålderdomshem. En parameterstudie genomfördes för att simulera hur energibehovet påverkades av ändringar i fem olika parametrar i en kontorsbyggnad. Två olika indikatorer för energieffektivitet användes också, för att se hur olika indikatorer påverkar hur en byggnads energieffektivitet uppfattas. Hög grad av vädring och låg elanvändning hade störst påverkan av energibehovet i ålderdomshemmet, och i kontorsbyggnaden påverkades det totala energibehovet mest av elanvändningen. Modellen av ålderdomshemmet där data insamlad på plats användes hade 24% högre värmebehov än modellen som använde standardiserade brukarindata. Det totala energibehovet för värme och kyla i kontorsbyggnaden kunde sänkas med 12-31% genom att sänka elanvändningen med 30% jämfört med standardiserad brukarindata. Det viktigaste för att få ner det totala energibehovet i kontorsbyggnader verkar vara att sänka elanvändningen. Att använda dagens standardvärden för brukarindata överensstämmer inte väl med att använda data insamlad på plats för ett ålderdomshem. Det är därför viktigt att vidareutveckla standardiserad brukarindata. Indikatorn kWh/m2 verkar främja byggnader med låg beläggning. Detta skulle kunna leda till att byggnader utnyttjas på ett ineffektivt sätt. Indikatorn kWh/m2 skulle därför behöva ersättas eller kombineras med en indikator som även tar byggnadens beläggning i beaktande.
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Memon, Saim. "Design, fabrication and performance analysis of vacuum glazing units fabricated with low and high temperature hermetic glass edge sealing materials." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/14562.
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Vacuum glazing is a vital development in the move to more energy efficient buildings. In vacuum glazing, an evacuated cavity supresses gaseous conduction and convection to provide high thermal resistance. A high vacuum pressure (less than 0.1 Pa) is required and must be maintained by a hermetic seal around the periphery, currently formed with either indium (i.e. low temperature sealing method) or solder glass (i.e. high temperature sealing method). This thesis reports the results of an experimental and theoretical investigation into the development of new low temperature (less than 200°C) and novel high temperature (up to 450°C) glass edge seals. A new low temperature composite edge seal was developed in which double and triple vacuum glazings each of dimensions 300x300mm were fabricated with measured vacuum pressures of 4.6x10-2Pa and 4.8x10-2Pa achieved respectively. A three dimensional finite element model of the fabricated design of composite edge sealed triple vacuum glazing was developed.
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Lam, Lai-lan. "Gain-scheduled PID controllers in networked control systems." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B44193725.
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Lam, Lai-lan, and 林麗蘭. "Gain-scheduled PID controllers in networked control systems." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44193725.
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Enblom, Leif. "Utilizing concurrency to gain performance in an industrial automation system /." Västerås : Mälardalen University, 2003. http://www.mrtc.mdh.se/publications/0636.pdf.
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Viswanathan, Ramanathan. "Performance Evaluation of Equal Gain Diversity Systems In Fading Channels." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9667.
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Next generation wireless systems are being designed to provide ubiquitous broadband link access to information infrastructure. Diversity techniques play a vital role in supporting such high speed connections over radio channels by mitigating the detrimental effects of multiuser interference and multipath fading. Equal gain combining (EGC) diversity receiver is of practical interest because of its reduced complexity relative to optimum maximal ratio combining scheme while achieving near-optimal performance. Despite this, the literature on EGC receiver performance is meager owing to difficulty in deriving the probability density function of the diversity combiner output. This problem is further compounded when the diversity paths are correlated.
Since spatial, pattern, or polarization diversity implementations at a mobile handset are usually limited to a small diversity order with closely spaced antenna elements (owing to cost and ergonomic constraints), any performance analysis must be revamped to account for the effects of branch correlation between the combined signals. This thesis presents a powerful characteristic function method for evaluating the performance of a two-branch EGC receiver in Nakagami-m channels with non-independent and non-identical fading statistics. The proposed framework facilitates efficient error probability analysis for a broad range of modulation/detection schemes in a unified manner.
The thesis also examines the efficacy of an average diversity combiner in slotted direct sequence spread-spectrum access packet radio networks. A two-dimensional EGC diversity combining scheme is introduced, wherein a corrupted packet is retained and combined with its retransmission at the bit level to produce a more reliable packet. The mathematical analysis of the average diversity combiner presented in this thesis is sufficiently general to handle generalized fading channel models with independent fading statistics for a myriad of digital modulation schemes.Master of Science
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Feng, Chenpeng. "A study on DEA-based environmental performance evaluation and quota allocation." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLE028/document.
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Les problèmes environnementaux attire depuis longtemps l’attention du milieu académique. Cette thèse porte sur l’évaluation de la performance environnementale et l’allocation des quotas, deux problématiques importantes des problèmes environnementaux. Nous faisons appel à l’analyse d’enveloppement des données (data envelopment analysis (DEA) en anglais) qui est un outil de programmation mathématique connu pour évaluer l’efficacité des groupes de décideurs - DMUs (decision making units). Plus précisément, les modèles à gain total nul (zero sum gains (ZSG) en anglais), les modèles centralisés et à frontière uniforme sont des techniques souvent utilisées pour l’évaluation de la performance environnementale et l’allocation des quotas. En revanche, les modèles ZSG-DEA existants sont non linéaires, ce qui engendre des goulets d’étranglement dans l’application réelle. En outre, l’approche à frontière uniforme proposée par Gomes and Lins (2008) ne s’applique qu’au cas avec une sortie indésirable unique de la technologie de production et sous l’hypothèse de rendements d’échelle variables (variable returns-to-scale (VRS) en anglais). De plus elle ne peut pas prendre en compte l’intérêt global des DMUs, tandis que les modèles centralisés se concentrent uniquement sur l’intérêt global et ignorent les intérêts individuels.Cette thèse présente nos trois contributions principales sur ces deux sujets. Le premier travail (chapitre 3) met l’accent sur l’évaluation de la performance environnementale. Les modèles ZSG-DEA existants sont transformés pour la première fois en modèles linéaires ou linéaires paramétrés grâce à des propriétés analytiques. Ensuite, les modèles linéarisés sont adoptés pour évaluer la performance environnementale de 30 régions chinoises. Le deuxième travail présenté dans le chapitre 4 traite l’allocation des quotas de sorties indésirables en tenant compte des intérêts individuels. Le chapitre 5 traite le même sujet mais prend en compte en même temps les intérêts globaux et les intérêts individuels. Deux modèles ZSG-DEA améliorés sous les hypothèses VRS et CRS (constant returns-to-scale, ou rendements d’échelle constants) sont proposés dans le chapitre 4 pour surmonter l’infaisabilité des modèles existant dans la littérature. Comme la frontière uniforme joue un rôle important dans l’allocation des ressources, en nous basant sur les propriétés analytiques que nous démontrons, nous proposons un algorithme itératif pour calculer le plan d’allocation de quotas lorsque tous les DMUs forment une frontière uniforme. Ensuite, l’algorithme est testé avec une étude empirique sur l’allocation des trois types de déchets industriels parmi 30 régions chinoises. Enfin, le chapitre 5 développe une méthode innovante à deux étapes pour l’attribution de la réduction des émissions de carbone (carbon emission abatement (CEA) en anglais). La méthode proposée est appliquée pour l’attribution de CEAs parmi les pays de l’OCDEThe environmental problems have drawn academia’s attention for a long time. This thesis focuses on environmental performance evaluation and quota allocation, which are two crucial issues of the environmental problems. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a mathematical programming tool to evaluate the relative efficiencies of decision making units (DMUs). Specifically, the techniques such as zero sum gains (ZSG) DEA models, centralized DEA models and the uniform frontier are used in environmental performance evaluation and quota allocation. Nevertheless, the ZSG-DEA models in the literature are nonlinear ones, which bring up bottlenecks in real application. In addition, the uniform frontier proposed by Gomes and Lins (2008) can only allocate single undesirable output under variable returns-to-scale (VRS) assumption and it pays no attention to the overall interest, while the centralized models merely concentrate on the overall interest and ignore individual ones.This thesis mainly consists of three works about two topics. The first topic (Chapter 3) focuses on environmental performance evaluation. For the first time, the existing ZSG-DEA models are transformed into linear or parametric linear ones through objective substitution and analytical properties. Then the linearized models are adopted to evaluate the environmental efficiencies of 30 administrative regions in China. The second topic focuses on quota allocation of undesirable outputs with consideration of the individual interests (Chapter 4) or the overall and individual interests (Chapter 5). Two improved ZSG-DEA models under VRS and constant returns-to-scale (CRS) assumptions are proposed to overcome the infeasibility of the existing models. As the uniform frontier plays an important role in resource allocation, based on the analyses of models’ properties, an iterative algorithm is devised to calculate the quota allocation plan when all the DMUs form a uniform frontier. Then the algorithm is tested by an empirical study of allocating the quotas of three industrial wastes for 30 administrative regions in China. Finally, Chapter 5 develops a novel two-step method of allocating carbon emissions abatement (CEA). In the empirical example, the proposed method is applied to the CEAs allocation for the countries in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
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Simpson, Sarah Jordan. "Nitrogen Utilization and Performance in Ruminants Fed Oscillating Dietary Protein Levels." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34393.
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Nitrogen excreted by ruminants may negatively impact the environment, and N not retained is not utilized for growth and production. Experiments were conducted to examine the effect of 48 h oscillation of two levels of low ruminally degradable dietary CP on N metabolism in lambs and performance of steers. In Exp. 1, a metabolism trial was conducted with 28 lambs (31 kg), allotted to four different diets: 8% CP, 10% CP, 12% CP, and 8% and 12% CP diets oscillated every 48 h. After adaptation, transition, and preliminary periods, feces and urine were collected for 10 d. Ruminal fluid and blood samples were taken at the end of collection and again 2 d later. In Exp. 2, 24 crossbred steers (228 kg) were allotted to four diets: 1) 7.5% CP, 2) 9% CP, 3) 10.5% CP, and 4) 7.5% and 10.5% CP diets oscillated every 48 h. Feed intake was measured during the 112 d study, and ADG and gain to feed ratio were calculated. Cattle were weighed every 14 d and blood samples were taken every 28 d. In Exp. 1, N retention was lowest (P < 0.05) for the lambs fed the 8% CP diet, with no differences among lambs fed the other diets. Differences in urinary N excretion accounted for most of the differences in total N excretion. Ruminal NH3-N and BUN levels were greater in animals fed higher amounts of CP. Ruminal pH and VFA concentrations were not affected by diet. In Exp. 2, feed intake did not differ among steers fed different diets. Average daily gain was lowest for cattle fed the 7.5% CP diet. No significant difference was evident for ADG between steers fed the 7.5/10.5% CP oscillating diet and those fed the 9% or the 10.5% CP diet. Gain to feed ratio was lower (P < 0.05) for steers fed the 7.5% CP diet compared to steers fed all other diets. Blood urea N level was higher for cattle fed the 10.5% CP diet than those fed the two lower CP levels, and differences were usually significant (P < 0.05). No consistent significant difference in BUN levels existed between steers fed the 7.5/10.5% CP oscillating diet and those fed the 9% and 10.5% CP diets continuously. Oscillating two levels of low ruminally degradable dietary CP every 48 h had no significant effect on N retention in lambs nor on the performance of steers compared to animals fed the same level of CP daily in these experiments.Master of Science
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Merlin, Jérémie. "Study of long-term sustained operation of gaseous detectors for the high rate environment in CMS." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAE005/document.
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Le spectromètre à muons de CMS doit permettre l'identification rapide et efficace des muons produits lors des collisions proton-proton au LHC. Cependant, à cause d'un environnement de détection extrême, seules les chambres à pistes cathodiques équipent actuellement les bouchons de CMS. Cette faiblesse dans le système de détection pourrait devenir problématique après l'amélioration du LHC. L'augmentation du taux de particules dans les bouchons va dégrader les performances du système de déclenchement L1 ainsi que l'efficacité de sélection des phénomènes physiques intéressants. Le but du programme d'amélioration de CMS est de maintenir le taux de déclenchement L1 tout en gardant une efficacité de sélection maximale. La collaboration CMS GEM propose d'équiper les régions vacantes des bouchons avec des détecteurs basés sur la technologie d'amplification des électrons dans un gaz (GEM), appelés GE1/1. Le sujet de thèse proposé par la collaboration CMS GEM a pour but de justifier le choix de la technologie GEM pour l'amélioration de CMS. Trois projets ont été suivis pendant la thèse. La première partie du projet de thèse consistait à mesurer précisément les caractéristiques fondamentales et les performances de détection des détecteurs triple-GEM produit par la technique simple-masque. Ces éléments sont essentiels pour s'assurer que les détecteurs GE1/1 pourront fonctionner en toute sécurité dans l'environnement des bouchons de CMS. Le deuxième projet consistait à prouver que les excellentes performances des détecteurs GE1/1 ne vont pas se dégrader pendant leur utilisation dans CMS. Cette étape comprend l'étude du fonctionnement à long terme des détecteurs GE1/1, en particulier le phénomène de vieillissement, qui inclue tous les processus physiques et chimiques qui provoquent la dégradation graduelle et permanente des performances de détection. Plusieurs tests de vieillissement ont été menés dans des zones d'irradiations spécifiques au CERN pour reproduire un minimum de 10 ans de fonctionnement réel dans l'environnement de CMS après la montée en puissance du LHC. Enfin, les excellentes propriétés mesurées lors de la phase de R&D ont permis de valider la technologie triple-GEM, qui fut ensuite approuvée par la collaboration CMS et le comité du LHC. La production de 144 grands détecteurs GE1/1 sera partagée entre différents sites de production à travers le monde. Le troisième projet de thèse fut donc le développement des principales étapes du contrôle qualité nécessaire pour assurer une production uniforme et une même qualité pour tous les détecteurs GE1/1The muon system of CMS aims to provide an efficient and fast identification of the muons produced in the proton-proton collisions. However, the forward region of the end-caps is only instrumented with Cathode Strip Chambers. This lack of redundancy will be problematic after the high-luminosity upgrade of the LHC (HL-LHC), for which the increase of the background rate would degrade the Level-1 trigger performance and thus the selection of interesting physics channels. The goal of the CMS muon upgrade is to maintain the L1 trigger rate with maximum selection efficiency in order to fully exploit the HL-LHC. The CMS GEM Collaboration has proposed to instrument the vacant highetaregion of the muon end-caps with Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detectors, called GE1/1chambers.The Ph.D. subject proposed by the CMS GEM Collaboration aims to demonstrate that the GE1/1technology is the most suitable choice for the upgrade of the muon end-caps. Three main researchprojects were conducted in this context. The first project included the precise measurement of the fundamental characteristics and the detection performance of the triple-GEM detectors produced with the single-mask technique. Those characteristics are essential to ensure that the detectors can operate in the forward region of CMS. The second project was focused on the long-term operation of GE1/1 detectors, in particular the study of the aging phenomenon, which includes all the processes that lead to a significant and permanent degradation of the performance of the detectors. Several aging tests were performed at the CERN irradiation facilities to prove that the GE1/1 chambers can operate during at least 10 yearsat HL-LHC without suffering from performance losses. The excellent properties measured during the R&D phase led to the approval of the GE1/1 project by the CMS Collaboration. The third project, conducted in the framework of the mass production,consisted of developing of the main steps of the Quality Control of the GE1/1 chambers
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Guerrini, Alexandre. "Evaluation des performances de systèmes d’assistance au contrôle pour la réanimation : Application au contrôle de la glycémie." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112105.
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La diversité des maladies des patients de réanimation fait que l’environnement technologique de soins intensifs est composé de nombreux systèmes de monitorage de constantes physiologiques, permettant à l’équipe soignante de déterminer un traitement adapté au patient. De plus en plus de systèmes ont une fonction d’assistance à la prescription ou aux soins afin de réduire la charge de travail et mentale des infirmières exigées par certains traitements ou protocoles. Ces systèmes informatisés facilitent l’intégration du protocole et de l’information disponible dans les signaux et peuvent aboutir à des systèmes de complexité élevée. La question de l’évaluation de la qualité de la réalisation et de la balance bénéfice/risque pour les patients liée à l’usage de nouveaux systèmes d’assistance se pose alors. Un problème consiste à mener cette évaluation a priori dès la conception du protocole ou de l’algorithme. Ce travail de thèse donne un exemple de méthode pour un système d’assistance au contrôle de la glycémie des patients de réanimation : l’évaluation est menée depuis la conception de l’algorithme de contrôle jusqu’à une étude clinique de grande ampleur. L’origine du dispositif étudié vient de ce que les patients présentent souvent une hyperglycémie liée au stress à leur arrivée en réanimation (l’augmentation de l’insulino-résistance, l’administration de certaines de drogues ou la déficience en insuline inhibent la réponse physiologique à l’augmentation de la glycémie). Un problème vient alors de ce que, d’une part, l’hyperglycémie prolongée étant associée à une morbidité voire une mortalité accrue, contrôler la glycémie est bénéfique, et d’autre part réduire la glycémie fait courir le risque d’épisodes hypoglycémiques pendant le séjour en réanimation. Dans ce cas, optimiser la balance bénéfice/risque est encore un problème ouvert. Bien qu’il existe de nombreux travaux sur la modélisation de la pharmacodynamique du système glucose-insuline, peu de travaux exploitent ces modèles pour fournir un système de contrôle fonctionnel, testé et industrialisable. La thèse présente un système de contrôle glycémique ainsi qu’une méthode d’évaluation généralisable à d’autres systèmes, qui teste numériquement les performances techniques et cliniques de ce type de systèmes sur des patients virtuels. Les résultats d’une étude clinique réelle sont aussi présentésThe variety of ICU patients diseases implies that technological environment of critical care is composed of many vital signs monitoring systems, allowing the medical team to determine appropriate treatment to the patient. More and more systems have a decision-making support function to reduce the mental and physical workload of nurses required for certain treatments or protocols. These computerized systems facilitate the integration of the protocol and the information available in the signals and can lead to systems of high complexity. The issue of assessing the performances and the benefit/risk balance for the patient related to the use of new support systems arises. The problem is to conduct this evaluation a priori, during the design process of the protocol or algorithm. This work provides an example of a method to support the control of blood glucose in the ICU system evaluation is conducted for the design of the control algorithm to a large-scale clinical study.The origin of the studied device comes from the fact that patients often experience hyperglycemia due to stress upon their arrival in the ICU (increased insulin resistance, administration of interacting drugs or insulin deficiency inhibit the physiological response to the blood sugar increase). A problem then is that, on the one hand, as sustained hyperglycemia is associated with an increased morbidity or mortality, controlling glycaemia reduces risks, but, on the other hand, reducing blood sugar exposes to the risk of hypoglycemia during the ICU stay. In this case, optimizing benefit/risk ratio is still an open problem.Although there are many studies on modeling the pharmacodynamics of glucose-insulin system, few works use these models to provide a functional, tested and industrialized control system. The thesis presents a glycemic control system and a generalized method of evaluation with other systems, which tests digitally technical and clinical performances of such systems on virtual patients. The results of a real clinical trial are also presented
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Monkman, George Sean. "Maximizing carbon uptake and performance gain in slag-containing concretes through early carbonation." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32569.
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Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions have been identified as a major contributor to climate change. Current CO2 mitigation efforts focus on the removal, recovery and disposal of CO2 at point sources. Finding beneficial uses of as-captured or recovered CO2 is a critical challenge in greenhouse gas mitigation. This thesis investigates the possibility of the beneficial use of carbon dioxide in precast concrete production and the performance, both short-term and long-term, of the concretes so produced. The calcium compounds in cementitious materials react readily with carbon dioxide to convert CO2 to thermodynamically stable carbonates. The reaction accelerates strength development and makes the technology appropriate for early age curing. Paste, mortar and concrete samples were examined to quantify such aspects as the carbon dioxide uptake, strength development, and durability of carbonated concrete. It was found that the uptake by the cementitious binders was significant. Compared to their theoretical capacity, cement could reach a carbonation degree of over 25% when treated as pastes and about 20% when used as a part of concrete. The study compared carbonation-cured and hydrated Portland cement concrete and slag cement concretes in terms of their early strength, late strength, weathering carbonation shrinkage, freeze/thaw durability, water absorption, and pH. The carbonated concrete was generally comparable, or superior, to the hydrated concrete except for the case of a 50% GGBF slag blend which had a slower strength development due to reduced secondary cementitious reaction. A second method of binding carbon into concrete was considered by carbonating ladle slag fines and usLes émissions de dioxyde de carbone (CO2) contribuent de façon importante aux changements climatiques. Les efforts actuels de mitigation du CO2 se concentrent principalement sur la saisie, la récupération et le débarras du CO2 aux sources ponctuelles. Trouver des usages bénéfiques au CO2 tel que la capturé ou récupération représente un défi critique pour la mitigation des gaz à effet de serre. Cette thèse examine la possibilité d'utiliser le CO2 de façon bénéfique dans la production du béton préfabriqué, ainsi que la performance à court et à long termes du béton ainsi produit. Les composés calcaires dans le ciment réagissent avec le dioxyde de carbone pour convertir le CO2 en carbonates qui sont stables du point de vue thermodynamique. Cette réaction accélère le développement de la résistance du béton, ce qui rend la technologie appropriée pour des bétons à cure rapide. Des échantillons de pâte, de mortier et de béton ont été examinés pour tenter de quantifier certains aspects tels l'absorption du dioxyde de carbone, le développement de la résistance et la durabilité du béton carbonaté. L'absorption du CO2 par les liants dans le ciment fut importante. Comparé à leur capacité théorique, le ciment pourrait atteindre un degré de carbonation de plus de 25% quand il est préparé sous forme de pâte et de 20% quand il est utilisé dans le béton. L'étude a considéré des bétons composés de ciment Portland et de ciment de scories, curés de façon traditionnelle (hydratation) et curés par carbonatation, et a comparé leurs résistance après 7 jours, résistance après 56 jours, résistance à la contraction lors de la$
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Wissell, Phillip Alan. "DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF A GAIN-SWITCHED AMPLIFIER FOR LIDAR APPLICATIONS." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275278.
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Zahn, Alexander R. "Characterization and Examination of Performance Parameters of a Back-pressurized RDC." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1554119639742205.
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Szadaj, Antek. "Performance studies of Low-Gain Avalanche Diodes for the ATLAS High-Granularity Timing Detector." Thesis, KTH, Fysik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-240145.
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Stegeman, Robert. "Direct Nonlinear Optics Measurements of Raman Gain in Bulk Glasses and Estimates of Fiber Performance." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2899.
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The need for more bandwidth in communications has stimulated the search for new fiberizable materials with properties superior to fused silica which is the current state-of-the-art. One of the key properties is Raman gain by which a pump beam amplifies a signal beam of longer wavelength. An apparatus capable of directly measuring the spectral dependence and absolute magnitude of the material Raman gain coefficient using nonlinear optics techniques has been built. Using radiation from a 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser as the pump and from a tunable Optical Parametric Generator and Amplifier as the signal, the Raman gain spectrum was measured for different families of glass samples with millimeter thickness. A number of glass families were investigated. Tellurites with added oxides of tungsten, niobium, and thallium produced the largest Raman gain coefficients of any oxide family reported to date, typically 30-50 times higher than that of fused silica. On the other hand, phosphate families were found with spectrally broad Raman gain response, 5 times broader than fused silica and flat to [plus or minus] dB over the full spectral range in some compositions. Although the chalcogenides were found to photodamage easily, coefficients 50 - 80 times that of fused silica were measured. Finally, a numerical study was undertaken to predict the theoretical performance and noise properties of tellurite fibers for communications. Included in the computer modeling were linear loss; the interaction among multiple pumps and signals; forward and/or backward propagating pump beams; forward, backward and double Rayleigh scattering; noise properties of amplifiers; excess noise, etc. This led to a comparison of the optical signal-to-noise characteristics for Raman gain in a tellurite versus a silica fiber.Ph.D.
Optics and Photonics
Optics
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Payami, Sima. "Design of an Operational Amplifier for High Performance Pipelined ADCs in 65nm CMOS." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Elektroniska komponenter, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-78930.
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In this work, a fully differential Operational Amplifier (OpAmp) with high Gain-Bandwidth (GBW), high linearity and Signal-to-Noise ratio (SNR) has been designed in 65nm CMOS technology with 1.1v supply voltage. The performance of the OpAmp is evaluated using Cadence and Matlab simulations and it satisfies the stringent requirements on the amplifier to be used in a 12-bit pipelined ADC. The open-loop DC-gain of the OpAmp is 72.35 dB with unity-frequency of 4.077 GHz. Phase-Margin (PM) of the amplifier is equal to 76 degree. Applying maximum input swing to the amplifier, it settles within 0.5 LSB error of its final value in less than 4.5 ns. SNR value of the OpAmp is calculated for different input frequencies and amplitudes and it stays above 100 dB for frequencies up to 320MHz. The main focus in this work is the OpAmp design to meet the requirements needed for the 12-bit pipelined ADC. The OpAmp provides enough closed-loop bandwidth to accommodate a high speed ADC (around 300MSPS) with very low gain error to match the accuracy of the 12-bit resolution ADC. The amplifier is placed in a pipelined ADC with 2.5 bit-per-stage (bps) architecture to check for its functionality. Considering only the errors introduced to the ADC by the OpAmp, the Effective Number of Bits (ENOB) stays higher than 11 bit and the SNR is verified to be higher than 72 dB for sampling frequencies up to 320 MHz.
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Sjögren, Jan-Ulric. "Energy performance of multifamily buildings : building characteristic and user influence." Licentiate thesis, Umeå University, Department of Applied Physics and Electronics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-35598.
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Today many professional property holders use different types of software for monthly energy analyses. The data is however often limited to energy and water use, that is paid for by the property holder. In year 2001, financed by the Swedish Energy Agency, the first steps were taken to create a national web based data base, eNyckeln. A property holder may then enter consumption data together with about 50 other building specific parameters to this data base in order to enable benchmarking and energy performance evaluations. Due to EU-regulations and the increasing awareness of energy and environmental issues there is a large interest in evaluating the energy performance and also to identify effective energy retrofits. The used energy performance indicator is still only the annual energy use for heating per square meter of area to let, kWh/m2,year, despite the fact that monthly data often are available. The main problem with this indicator, which is the stipulated measure, is that it reflects a lot of user influence and that only a part of the total energy use is considered. The main focus of this thesis is to explore the possibilities, based on the national data base, to extract additional energy information about multi family buildings (MFB) using monthly data in combination with different assumed consumption pattern but also to identify potential for energy savings. For the latter a multivariate method was used to identify relations between the energy use and building specific parameters. The analysis gave clear indications that the available area, the area to let, is not appropriate for normalization purposes since the remaining heated area can be significant. Due to this fact, the analysis was mainly limited to qualitative conclusions. As measure of the buildings energy characteristic, the total heat loss coefficient, Ktot,(W/ºK) is determined and the robustness for the estimate of Ktot to different assumptions of user behaviour is investigated. The result shows that the value of Ktot is fairly insensitive to different indoor temperature, use of domestic hot water and household electricity. With the addition of m2 it can of course be used for benchmarking. Using the mentioned measure of the buildings energy characteristic for validating the energy performance has a clear advantage compared to the traditional kWh/m2, since the user behaviour is of minor importance. As a result of this an improved analysis of the energy performance will be obtained. A guarantee for new buildings energy performance based on this method is therefore a challenge for the building sector to develop.
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Zumbaugh, Charles Arthur III. "Evaluation of a phytogenic feed additive on performance, nutrient digestion, and absorption in turkey poults." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/81914.
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In recent years, there has been a growing interest in feeding phytogenic products to poultry for their growth and health benefits. The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of a phytogenic feed additive on turkey poult performance and digestive physiology over a 6-week brooding period. In total, 864 male Hybrid Converter turkey poults were obtained from a local commercial hatchery on day-of-hatch and placed into floor pens with clean pine shavings. The treatments were randomly assigned including an industry-type corn-soybean meal positive control (PC), a similar diet with a 1.5% reduction in crude protein and key amino acids (NC), or the NC with the addition of Digestarom® (PFA) included at a rate of 1 g/kg. Body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), feed efficiency (FE), and mortality were recorded throughout the experiment. On day 14 poults fed the PFA had significantly higher BWG compared to the PC and NC fed birds. By day 42 birds fed the PC and PFA diets had significantly higher BWG compared to the NC, and the PC had significantly higher FE compared to the NC and PFA fed birds. No differences in FI or mortality were observed throughout the experiment. There were no significant differences in AMEn, crude protein digestibility, or nutrient transporter or pancreatic enzyme mRNA expression among treatments. However, aminopeptidase activity tended to be lower in the ileum of poults fed the PC or PFA diets compared to the NC, suggesting that the PFA may be improving protein utilization.Master of Science
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Ho, Simon Chak Man. "The effect of base grading on the gain and high frequency performance of AlGaAs/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistors." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27886.
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A comprehensive, one-dimensional, analytical model of the graded-base AlGaAs/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistor is presented, and used to examine the influence of base grading on the current gain and the high frequency performance of a device with a conventional pyramidal structure. Grading is achieved by varying the Al mole fraction x linearly across the base to a value of zero at the base-collector boundary. Recombination in the space-charge and neutral regions of the device is modeled by considering Shockley-Read-Hall, Auger and radiative processes. Owing to the different dependencies on base grading of the currents associated with these recombination mechanisms, the base current is minimized, and hence the gain reaches a maximum value, at a moderate level of base grading (x = 0.1 at the base-emitter boundary). The maximum improvement in gain, with respect to the ungraded base case, is about four-fold. It is shown that the reduction in base transit time due to increased base grading leads to a 60 % improvement in f[sub τ], in the most pronounced case of base grading studied (x = 0.3 at the base-emitter boundary). The implications this has for improving f[sub max] via increases in base width and base doping density are also examined. Finally, comparisons between predictions of the model and experimental data from fabricated devices reported in the literature are made.Applied Science, Faculty of
Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Tonial, Genny, and Gaia Agnetti. "The Returning Indian Diaspora : Exploratory Research on Indian Return Migration Drivers and potential Effects on Firms’ Performance and Country’s Development." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-176189.
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This research investigates the drivers that pushed Returned Non Resident Indians(RNRIs) to come back to their homeland and their potential contribution, through the knowledgeand competences acquired by studying and working abroad, to the Firms that hire them.We used a qualitative method pursued through semi-structured non-standardized interviews withexperts of the topic and RNRIs. Furthermore, in order to have better insights, we looked at thebackground of the top management of 8 top IT Indian companies and at newspaper coverage.It resulted that RNRIs come back mainly to be closer to their families and because of a combinationof economic decline in the West and booming economy in India, thus leading to a better lifestyle.Moreover, we found indication of the contribution presented to Firms’ by knowledge and skills andgained interesting insights on the future trends of the Diaspora.However, our findings cannot be considered as conclusive, due to the small size of the sample wehad access to. The research topic needs further research.
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Lind, Fredrik, and Escalante Andrés Diaz. "Maximizing performance gain of Variable Rate Shading tier 2 while maintaining image quality : Using post processing effects to mask image degradation." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-21868.
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Background. Performance optimization is of great importance for games as it constrains the possibilities of content or complexity of systems. Modern games support high resolution rendering but higher resolutions require more pixels to be computed and solutions are needed to reduce this workload. Currently used methods include uniformly lowering the shading rates across the whole screen to reduce the amount of pixels needing computation. Variable Rate Shading is a new hardware supported technique with several functionality tiers. Tier 1 is similar to previous methods in that it lowers the shading rate for the whole screen. Tier 2 supports screen space image shading. With tier 2 screen space image shading, various different shading rates can be set across the screen which gives developers the choice of where and when to set specific shading rates. Objectives. The aim of this thesis is to examine how close Variable Rate Shading tier 2 screen space shading can come to the performance gains of Variable Rate Shading tier 1 while trying to maintain an acceptable image quality with the help of commonly used post processing effects. Methods. A lightweight scene is set up and Variable Rate Shading tier 2 methods are set to an acceptable image quality as baseline. Evaluation of performance is done by measuring the times of specific passes required by and affected by Variable Rate Shading. Image quality is measured by capturing sequences of images with no Variable Rate Shading on as reference, then with Variable Rate Shading tier 1 and several methods with tier 2 to be compared with Structural Similarity Index. Results. Highest measured performance gains from tier 2 was 28.0%. The result came from using edge detection to create the shading rate image in 3840x2160 resolution. This translates to 36.7% of the performance gains of tier 1 but with better image quality with SSIM values of 0.960 against tier 1’s 0.802, which corresponds to good and poor image quality respectively. Conclusions. Variable Rate Shading tier 2 shows great potential in increasing performance while maintaining image quality, especially with edge detection. Postprocessing effects are effective at maintaining a good image quality. Performance gains also scale well as they increase with higher resolutions.Bakgrund. Prestandaoptimering är väldigt viktigt för spel eftersom det kan begränsa möjligheterna av innehåll eller komplexitet av system. Moderna spel stödjer rendering för höga upplösningar men höga upplösningar kräver beräkningar för mera pixlar och lösningar behövs för att minska arbetsbördan. Metoder som för närvarande används omfattar bland annat enhetlig sänkning av skuggningsförhållande över hela skärmen för att minska antalet pixlar som behöver beräkningar. Variable Rate Shading är en ny hårdvarustödd teknik med flera funktionalitetsnivåer. Nivå 1 är likt tidigare metoder eftersom skuggningsförhållandet enhetligt sänks över hela skärmen. Nivå 2 stödjer skärmrymdsbildskuggning. Med skärmrymdsbildskuggning kan skuggningsförhållanden varieras utspritt över skärmen vilket ger utvecklare valmöjligheter att bestämma var och när specifika skuggningsförhållanden ska sättas. Syfte. Syftet med examensarbetet är att undersöka hur nära Variable Rate Shading nivå 2 skärmrymdsbildskuggning kan komma prestandavinsterna av Variable Rate Shading nivå 1 samtidigt som bildkvaliteten behålls acceptabel med hjälp av vanligt använda efterbearbetningseffekter. Metod. En simpel scen skapades och metoder för Variable Rate Shading nivå 2 sattes till en acceptabel bildkvalitet som utgångspunkt. Utvärdering av prestanda gjordes genom att mäta tiderna för specifika pass som behövdes för och påverkades av Variable Rate Shading. Bildkvalitet mättes genom att spara bildsekvenser utan Variable Rate Shading på som referensbilder, sedan med Variable Rate Shading nivå 1 och flera metoder med nivå 2 för att jämföras med Structural Similarity Index. Resultat. Högsta uppmätta prestandavinsten från nivå 2 var 28.0%. Resultatet kom ifrån kantdetektering för skapandet av skuggningsförhållandebilden, med upplösningen 3840x2160. Det motsvarar 36.7% av prestandavinsten för nivå 1 men med mycket bättre bildkvalitet med SSIM-värde på 0.960 gentemot 0.802 för nivå 1, vilka motsvarar bra och dålig bildkvalitet. Slutsatser. Variable Rate Shading nivå 2 visar stor potential i prestandavinster med bibehållen bildkvalitet, speciellt med kantdetektering. Efterbearbetningseffekter är effektiva på att upprätthålla en bra bildkvalitet. Prestandavinster skalar även bra då de ökar vid högre upplösningar.
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ISLAM, MD JAHERUL. "Performance Analysis of Diversity Techniques for Wireless Communication System." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-1962.
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Different diversity techniques such as Maximal-Ratio Combining (MRC), Equal-Gain Combining (EGC) and Selection Combining (SC) are described and analyzed. Two branches (N=2) diversity systems that are used for pre-detection combining have been investigated and computed. The statistics of carrier to noise ratio (CNR) and carrier to interference ratio (CIR) without diversity assuming Rayleigh fading model have been examined and then measured for diversity systems. The probability of error (p_e) vs CNR and (p_e) versus CIR have also been obtained. The fading dynamic range of the instantaneous CNR and CIR is reduced remarkably when diversity systems are used [1]. For a certain average probability of error, a higher valued average CNR and CIR is in need for non-diversity systems [1]. But a smaller valued of CNR and CIR are compared to diversity systems. The overall conclusion is that maximal-ratio combining (MRC) achieves the best performance improvement compared to other combining methods. Diversity techniques are very useful to improve the performance of high speed wireless channel to transmit data and information. The problems which considered in this thesis are not new but I have tried to organize, prove and analyze in new ways.
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Kontodios, Pierros. "Performance analysis of noncoherent Binary Frequency Shift Keying using Equal Gain Combining and Post Detection Selection Combining over a Nakagami fading channel." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1998. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA354305.
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Thesis (M.S. in Electrical Engineering) Naval Postgraduate School, September 1998."September 1998." Thesis advisor(s): Tri T. Ha, Ralph D. Hippenstiel. Includes bibliographical references (p. 97). Also available online.
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Anglin, Chad O'Neal. "Restricting dry matter intake of stocker calves and its subsequent effects on grazing, feedlot performance, and carcass characteristics." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1073.
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Van, Do Thi Thanh. "Some animal and feed factors affecting feed intake, behaviour and performance of small ruminants /." Uppsala : Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2006. http://epsilon.slu.se/200632.pdf.
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Arslan, Omer Cagri. "Implementation And Performance Evaluation Of A Three Antenna Direction Finding System." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12611215/index.pdf.
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State of the art direction finding (DF) systems usually have several antennas in order to increase accuracy and robustness to certain factors. In this thesis, a three antenna DF system is built and evaluated. While more antennas give better DF performance, a three antenna system is useful for system simplicity and many of the problems in DF systems can be observed and evaluated easily. This system can be used for both azimuth and elevation direction of arrival (DOA) estimation. The system is composed of three monopole antennas, an RF front end, A/D converters and digital signal processing (DSP) units. A number of algorithms are considered, such as, three channel interferometer, correlative interferometer, LSE (least square error) based correlative interferometer and MUSIC (multiple signal classification) algorithms. Different problems in DF systems are investigated. These are gain/phase mismatch of the receiver channels, mutual coupling between antennas, multipath signals and multiple sources. The advantages and disadvantages of different algorithms are outlined.
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Oliveira, Antonio Nunes de. "Desempenho e caracteristicas da carcaÃa de caprinos mestiÃos anglo nubiano, boer e caprinos sem padrÃo racial definido em pastagem e em confinamento." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2006. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4532.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorO objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar o desempenho corporal e as caracterÃsticas de carcaÃa de cabritos mestiÃos oriundos do cruzamento de reprodutores das raÃas especializadas de carne Anglo nubiana e Boer com matrizes Sem PadrÃo Racial Definido â SRD, com diferentes graus de sangue e em diferentes sistemas de produÃÃo. O trabalho foi desenvolvido, durante 3 anos (2002 â 2004), na Fazenda Experimental Vale do Curu, pertencente à Universidade Federal do CearÃ-UFC. Foram avaliados um total de 207 caprinos de ambos os sexos correspondentes a 5 grupamentos genÃticos: 1/2 Anglo nubiana x  SRD,  Anglo nubiana x  SRD,  BÃer x SRD,  Boer x  SRD e caprinos Sem PadrÃo Racial Definido-SRD. No estudo foram executados trÃs experimentos, tendo o segundo duas observaÃÃes: Experimento 1- âDesenvolvimento corporal de caprinos mestiÃos Boer e Anglo nubiano e caprinos Sem PadrÃo Racial Definido na regiÃo se i-Ãrida do Nordesteâ. O experimento teve como objetivo avaliar o ganho de peso de cabritos de diferentes grupamentos genÃticos, do nascimento atà aos 270 dias de idade, mantidos em pastagens nativa nas condiÃÃes usuais de criaÃÃo do Nordeste. Os resultados mostraram que o ganho de peso dos cabritos foi similar entre os diferentes grupos genÃticos do nascimento atà os 270 dias de idade, porÃm o peso ao nascer dos cabritos mestiÃos foi superior aos SRD. Conclui-se que cabritos mestiÃos oriundos de reprodutores das raÃas especializadas para carne Anglo nubiana e Boer, quando mantidos em condiÃÃes de pastejo na caatinga do semi-Ãrido nordestino, nÃo apresentam superioridade no ganho de peso em relaÃÃo aos SRD. Experimento 2. âDesempenho em confinamento de caprinos mestiÃos Anglo nubiano e Boer com diferentes frequÃncias genÃticasâ . Foram avaliados caprinos, de ambos sexos, durante um perÃodo de 60 dias com dieta de alto valor energÃtico, constituÃda de 70% de concentrado e 30% de volumoso (feno de capim elefante e de leucena, em proporÃÃes iguais). Avaliou-se os ganhos de peso total e diÃrio, conversÃo alimentar e o consumo mÃdio diÃrio. Neste estudo foi avaliado inicialmente o desempenho de cabritos de graus de sangue  e  BÃer e Anglo nubiano, nÃo observando-se diferenÃas significativas entre os grupos estudados, embora observou-se uma superioridade no ganho de peso dos cabritos  BÃer. Num segundo estudo, foi comparado o desempenho dos cabritos mestiÃos  com os SRD. Os cabritos do grupo genÃtico  Anglo nubiano e  Boer, quando comparados aos SRD, nÃo apresentaram diferenÃas (P>0,05). Experimento 3. Efeito do genÃtipo e do peso de abate sobre as caracterÃsticas da carcaÃa de caprinos mestiÃos Anglo nubiano e Boer e Sem PadrÃo Racial Definido-SRD. No experimento foram estudadas as caracterÃsticas da carcaÃa de cabritos de trÃs grupos genÃticos:  Anglo nubiana,  Boer e SRD, abatidos, dentro de cada grupo, com trÃs diferentes pesos: 20, 25 e 30 kg. Avaliou-se as caracterÃsticas de rendimento e conformaÃÃo da carcaÃa, bem como as perdas por resfriamento, levando em consideraÃÃo os efeitos do genÃtipo, peso e idade de abate e suas interaÃÃes. Os resultados mostraram que nÃo houve interaÃÃo entre o genÃtipo e o peso de abate em todas as variÃveis estudadas. O genÃtipo teve efeito significativo (P<0,05) no rendimento e conformaÃÃo da carcaÃa, com os menores valores observados nos caprinos SRD, nÃo havendo diferenÃas significativas entre os caprinos mestiÃos Anglo nubiano e Boer. O peso de abate influenciou tambÃm significativamente (P<0,05) o rendimento e conformaÃÃo da carcaÃa, com os menores valores observados nos caprinos abatidos com 20 kg de peso vivo, nÃo observando-se diferenÃas entre os grupos abatidos com 25 e 30 kg de peso. Conclui-se que cabritos mestiÃos Anglo nubiana e Boer apresentam similaridade no rendimento e conformaÃÃo de carcaÃa em relaÃÃo aos SRD e que carcaÃas de cabritos abatidos acima de 25 kg de peso vivo apresentaram melhor rendimento e conformaÃÃo que as carcaÃas provenientes de animais abatidos com 20 kg
The objective was evaluate the growth rate of different genetic kids, from birth to 270 days of age, to determine the most appropriate genotype to produce goat meat in the Northeast region of Brazil. The experiment was conducted on Vale do Curu Experimental farm, (Federal University of CearÃ), state of CearÃ, Brazil. During a period of 3 years (2002 - 2004), were evaluated a total of 207 kids from both sex corresponding to five genetic groups:  Anglo nubian x  SRD,  Anglo nubian x  SRD,  Boer x  SRD,  Boer x  SRD and native kids (without definition breed) - SRD. Kids were kept with their mothers until weaning, with approximately 90 days of age. In experiment one, the animals were maintained on native pasture until of 98 ha, with mineral supplementation and concentrated ration, during the dry period, however the birth weight of crossbreed kids were higher than the SRD. In experiment two e tree, it was evaluated the growth rate performance of different crossbreed kids in feedlot to determine the genetic type more efficient to weight gain. The experiments was carried out in the Zootecnia Department of Federal University of CearÃ. Animals were maintained receiving in feedlot during a period of 60 days receiving a high energy diet, twice a day, constituted of 70% of concentrated and 30% of bulky (hay of grass elephant and of leucena). It was evaluated the total and daily weight gain, feed conversion, and the daily average consumption. The male kid goats presented highest numbers in the total and daily weight gain, feed conversion, and in the daily average consumption, compared to the female. In experiment three, the aim of this work was to study the carcass characteristics of crossbreed goats Anglo nubian, Boer and without defined breed-SRD slaughtered at different live weight. The goats were studied distributed in different genetic groups and three slaughter weights: 20, 25 and 30 kg of live weight, It was evaluated studies the yield and conformation carcass characteristics taking and comparing within groups of genotype and slaughter weight. Data were analyzed by the minimum squares method, using the procedure GLM (Lineal General Models) of SAS and means compare by Ât test. Yields and conformation of hot and cold carcass characteristics was significant superior (P <0.05) on  Boer and  Anglo nubian groups than SRD, with similar results for slaughter weight, both higher at 25 and 30 kg live weights than the group of 20 kg. It was concluded that crossbreed kids from Anglo nubian and Boer Bucks didnât show superiority on body gain weight compared to SRD when are raised on native pasture in the semi-arid of Northeast of Brazil and maintained in confinement, presented similarity in the earnings of daily weight gain (GMD), carcass characteristics in relation than SRD and superior higher than SRD and goats slaughtered over 25 kg of live weight showed better characteristics than goat slaughtered with 20 kg
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Kahle, Hermann [Verfasser]. "AlGaInP-based high-performance semiconductor disk lasers for the red spectral range: Gain-chip design, harmonic generation and a new laser concept / Hermann Kahle." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1126296317/34.
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Nemechek, Jeremiah Eugene. "Evaluation of compensatory gain, standardized ileal digestible lysine requirement, and replacing specialty protein sources with crystalline amino acids on growth performance of nursery pigs." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/9972.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Animal Sciences and Industry
Michael D. Tokach
A total of 5,212 nursery pigs were used in 11 experiments to evaluate amino acids in nursery pig diets. Experiments 1 and 2 were conducted to determine whether the Lys level fed during one phase of the nursery influenced the response to Lys during subsequent phases. Experiment 1 tested a wide range of dietary Lys in 2 phases and reported that pigs fed high Lys during each period had increased growth performance; however, compensatory growth occurred for the pigs previously fed low Lys diets, resulting in no impact on overall ADG or final BW. Experiment 2 tested a narrow range of dietary Lys in 3 phases and found that marginally deficient diets can be fed in the early nursery phases without influencing final BW or the response to Lys levels in subsequent phases. Both experiments demonstrate that the low dietary Lys levels used in each can be fed in the early nursery phases with no negative impact on overall nursery growth rate provided that adequate levels are fed thereafter. Experiments 3 to 6 were conducted to determine the standardized ileal digestible (SID) Lys requirement of nursery pigs from 7- to 14-kg. Data from all experiments were combined and break-point and quadratic broken-line analysis was used to determine the estimated SID Lys requirement. The SID Lys requirement for optimal growth was at least 1.30% for ADG and 1.37% for G:F, or at least 3.86 and 4.19 g SID Lys/Mcal ME, respectively. Experiments 7 to 11 were conducted to evaluate the effect of replacing specialty protein sources with crystalline AA and AA requirements for 7- to 12-kg pigs. Experiment 7 demonstrated that crystalline AA can be used to replace fish meal in diets with no negative effects on growth performance. Experiment 8 demonstrated that L-Trp, L-Val, and a source of non-essential AA were needed in low-CP, AA-fortified nursery diets to achieve maximum growth performance, whereas the addition of L-Ile was not required. Experiment 9 indicated that feeding greater than 7.35% total Lys:CP decreased growth performance and Exp. 10 indicated that a SID Val:Lys ratio of 65% was sufficient for optimal growth of early nursery pigs. Implementing the results from the previous experiments, Exp. 11 determined that crystalline AA in nursery pigs diets can replace high amounts of fish meal, meat and bone meal, and poultry meal when balanced for minimum AA ratios and maximum Lys:CP with no negative effect on growth performance.
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Deza, Julien. "Etude, Conception et Caractérisation de circuits pour la Conversion Analogique Numérique à très hautes performances en technologie TBH InP 0.7µm." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CERG0680/document.
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Ce travail de thèse concerne les circuits ultra-rapides pour la conversion analogique numérique performante en technologie bipolaire à hétérojonctions sur substrat Indium Phosphore (TBDH/InP). L'étude s'intéresse à la fonction principale qui est l'échantillonnage blocage. Elle a été menée par simulation de l'ensemble des blocs composant cette fonction. En particulier une étude extensive des cœurs des circuits Echantillonneurs/Bloqueurs a été effectuée pour différents paramètres électriques pour aboutir à des valeurs optimales réalisant un compromis entre la bande passante la résolution et la linéarité.Des architectures de circuits Echantillonneurs/Bloqueurs (E/B) avec ou sans l'étage d'amplification à gain variable ont été conçues, optimisées, réalisées et caractérisées et des performances à l'état de l'art ont été obtenues : des circuits E/B de bande passante supérieure à 50 GHz et cadencées à 70 Gs/s ont été réalisés pour les applications de communications optiques et des circuits de bande passante supérieure à 16 GHz cadencés à (2-8) Gs/s ont été réalisés pour la transposition de fréquenceThis thesis concerns the design of high speed circuits in Indium phosphide heterojunction Bipolar technology for High performance analog to digital conversion (ADC).The study focuses on the Track and Hold block (THA) which is the main function of the ADC. The study was conducted by simulating all blocks of the THA circuit. In particular, an extensive study of the THA main block was performed for various electrical parameters to achieve optimal conditions in order to obtain a good tradeoff between resolution bandwidth and linearity. THA architectures circuits with or without Voltage Gain Amplifier stage were designed, optimized and characterized. High THA performances were achieved: THA circuit with a bandwidth greater than 50 GHz at 70 Gs/s were achieved for optical communications and circuits of bandwidth more than16 GHz at (2-8 GS /s) have been realized for down conversion operation
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Amaya, Mohammad. "Amélioration des performances d'un amplificateur optique à semi-conducteurs par injection optique à la transparence du gain pour les réseaux de télécommunications optiques." Brest, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BRES2025.
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L'amplificateur optique à semi-conducteurs (SOA) est un composant attractif pour les futurs réseaux de télécommunications tout-optiques multicolores métropolitains. Ce travail présente une étude théorique et expérimentale des performances statiques et dynamiques d'un SOA, lors de l'injection optique à la transparence du gain dans sa zone active dans l'objectif d'établir les effets intéressants de cette technique. Nos travaux ont montrée que la pompe optique apporte une amélioration importante en terme de la puissance de saturation de sortie, de la durée de vie des porteurs et du temps de récupération du gain du soa, sur une grande plage de longueurs d'onde et de puissances du signal d'entrée, sans sacrifier le niveau du gain non saturé ni dégrader le facteur de bruit (NF). Nos résultats théoriques et expérimentaux ont montré que l'injection de la pompe optique en sens contra-propagatif par rapport au signal incident est plus efficace que l'injection en sens co-propagatif. Nous avons employé la pompe optique dans un système de transmission multicanaux (WDM) à base de SOA afin de réduire la diaphonie entre les signaux optiques transmis, due aux effets de la modulation croisée du gain (XGM), et d'améliorer ainsi le taux d'erreurs binaires (TEB). Enfin, l'étude présentée a également permis de développer un outil de simulation qui donne des résultats en accord avec ceux obtenus par mesuresSemiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) is an attractive component for future metropolitan multicolor all-optical telecommunication networks. This work focuses on the theoretical and experimental study of the SOA static and dynamic performances, when injecting a continuous wave (CW) high power as a holding beam (HB) at the gain transparency wavelength into its cavity with the aim of pointing out the interesting effects of this technique. Our work has shown that employing the holding beam, improves the soa saturation output power, the carrier lifetime and the device gain recovery time, over a wideband of incident signal wavelengths and powers without sacrificing the amplifier gain level neither degrading its noise figure (NF). Our theoretical and experimental results point out that injecting the holding beam in counter-propagative configuration with respect to the optical incident signal is more efficient than that in co-propagative one. We have employed the holding beam injection in an SOA based WDM multichannel transmission system with the purpose of reducing the cross-gain modulation (XGM) induced inter-channel crosstalk, hence, of improving the signals bit error rate (BER). Finally, a simulation model which gives results close to the measured ones has been obtained during this work as well
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Fernelius, Mark H. "Experimental and Computational Analysis of an Axial Turbine Driven by Pulsing Flow." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6548.
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Pressure gain combustion is a form of combustion that uses pressure waves to transfer energy and generate a rise in total pressure during the combustion process. Pressure gain combustion shows potential to increase the cycle efficiency of conventional gas turbine engines if used in place of the steady combustor. However, one of the challenges of integrating pressure gain combustion into a gas turbine engine is that a turbine driven by pulsing flow experiences a decrease in efficiency. The interaction of pressure pulses with a turbine was investigated to gain physical insights and to provide guidelines for designing turbines to be driven by pulsing flow. An experimental rig was built to compare steady flow with pulsing flow. Compressed air was used in place of combustion gases; pressure pulses were created by rotating a ball valve with a motor. The data showed that a turbine driven by full annular pressure pulses has a decrease in turbine efficiency and pressure ratio. The average decrease in turbine efficiency was 0.12 for 10 Hz, 0.08 for 20 Hz, and 0.04 for 40 Hz. The turbine pressure ratio, defined as the turbine exit total pressure divided by the turbine inlet total pressure, ranged from 0.55 to 0.76. The average decrease in turbine pressure ratio was 0.082 for 10 Hz, 0.053 for 20 Hz, and 0.064 for 40 Hz. The turbine temperature ratio and specific turbine work were constant. Pressure pulse amplitude, not frequency, was shown to be the main cause for the decrease in turbine efficiency. Computational fluid dynamics simulations were created and were validated with the experimental results. Simulations run at the same conditions as the experiments showed a decrease in turbine efficiency of 0.24 for 10 Hz, 0.12 for 20 Hz, and 0.05 for 40 Hz. In agreement with the experimental results, the simulations also showed that pressure pulse amplitude is the driving factor for decreased turbine efficiency and not the pulsing frequency. For a pulsing amplitude of 86.5 kPa, the efficiency difference between a 10 Hz and a 40 Hz simulation was only 0.005. A quadratic correlation between turbine efficiency and corrected pulse amplitude was presented with an R-squared value of 0.99. Incidence variation was shown to cause the change in turbine efficiency and a correlation between corrected incidence and corrected amplitude was established. The turbine geometry was then optimized for pulsing flow conditions. Based on the optimization results and observations, design recommendations were made for designing turbines for pulsing flow. The first design recommendation was to weight the design of the turbine toward the peak of the pressure pulse. The second design recommendation was to consider the range of inlet angles and reduce the camber near the leading edge of the blade. The third design recommendation was to reduce the blade turning to reduce the wake caused by pulsing flow. A new turbine design was created and tested following these design recommendations. The time-accurate validation simulation for a 10 Hz pressure pulse showed that the new turbine decreased the entropy generation by 35% and increased the efficiency by 0.04 (5.4%).
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Fall, Bouna. "Evaluation des performances d'un système de localisation de véhicules de transports guidés fondé sur l'association d'une technique radio ULB et d'une technique de retournement temporel." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013VALE0028/document.
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En transports guidés, la localisation précise des trains s’avère vitale pour une exploitation nominale du système de transport. Dans un environnement de propagation tel que celui d’une emprise ferroviaire, un capteur de localisation efficace est complexe à concevoir et à valider lorsqu’il doit opérer en présence de nombreux obstacles fixes et mobiles constitués par l’infrastructure et les trains. Afin de concevoir un tel capteur, nous proposons dans ce travail de thèse l’emploi de techniques innovantes dites de diversité spectrale que l’on retrouve également sous la dénomination de radio Ultra Large Bande (ULB). Dans ce travail, cette dernière est également associée à la technique de Retournement Temporel (RT) afin de tirer partie de cet environnement de propagation complexe. L’objectif visé est d’obtenir une localisation fiable et robuste des véhicules ferroviaires par focalisation de signaux ULB en direction des antennes sol ou trains. Des études théoriques alliées à des simulations ont été effectuées portant sur les propriétés de focalisation d’énergie de la technique de retournement temporel en tenant compte de plusieurs paramètres liés aux configurations antennaires, aux canaux de propagation rencontrés et à l’électronique utilisée. L’apport du retournement temporel sur la précision du système de localisation Ultra Large Bande a été quantifié en comparant le système de localisation ULB conventionnel, sans retournement temporel puis, en associant le RT. Les résultats théoriques et de simulations de la solution proposée ont été validés par des expérimentations menées en chambre anéchoïque ainsi qu’en environnement indoorIn guided transport, the precise location of trains is vital for nominal operation of the transport system. In a propagation environment such as a railway line, an effective location sensor is complex to design and validate since it must operate in the presence of many fixed and mobile obstacles constituted by the infrastructure and the trains. In this thesis, to design such a sensor, we propose the use of so-called spectral diversity techniques also found under the name of Ultra Wideband radio (UWB). In this work, the latter is also associated with the Time Reversal (TR) technique to take advantage of the complex propagation environment. The objective is to obtain a reliable and robust location of rail vehicles by focusing UWB signals to antennas or ground trains. Theoretical studies combined with simulations were performed on the properties of energy focusing of TR technique taking into account several parameters related to antennal configurations, propagation channels and the railway environment. The contribution of TR on the accuracy of the positioning system was quantified by comparing the conventional UWB positioning system alone and then, combining it with TR. The theoretical results and simulations of the proposed solution have been validated by experiments carried out in an anechoic chamber and in indoor environment
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Domingues, António Manuel Silveiro. "Efeito do sexo e do peso ao desmame sobre a performance de leitões de genótipos de produção intensiva durante a primeira fase da recria." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/22916.
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Neste estudo pretendeu-se avaliar o efeito do sexo e do peso ao desmame sobre a performance de leitões em recria num sistema intensivo de produção. Utilizaram-se 2210 leitões com a idade média de 28 dias. Os leitões foram separados, em parques por sexo e por tipo (três tipos ligados ao peso ao desmame: leves, médios e pesados) e acompanhados até às nove semanas de idade, com controlo de pesos e ingestão de alimento por grupo/parque. O sexo dos leitões não influenciou globalmente a performance embora tendencialmente, os grupos de leitões fêmeas apresentaram um maior índice de conversão que os machos. Relativamente ao tipo, verificou-se um efeito muito significativo no desempenho global, com vantagem para os leitões pesados. Este estudo contribui para o conhecimento desta fase crítica da produção de suínos e salienta a necessidade de medidas de maneio adequadas para a obtenção dos melhores resultados produtivos; Effect of sex and weaning weight on the performance of piglets from an intensive production genotype during the first post-weaning phase
Abstract: This study aimed to study the effect of sex and weaning weight on the performance of piglets during the post-weaning phase. A total of 2210 piglets with an average age of 28 days were used. The piglets were placed in separated pens, according to their sex and weight type (three types: light, medium and heavy) and followed until nine weeks of age with weight control and feed intake by pen. The piglet sex had no significant effect on the overall performance although, female piglet groups tend to present higher feed conversion rate than male piglet groups. The piglet type (weight at weaning) did influence the overall performance, with an advantage of the heavy piglets at weaning. This study contributes to the knowledge of this critical phase of pig production and highlights the need for specific management practices, in order to obtain the best productive results.
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Zhang, Yi. "High performance DSP-based servo drive control for a limited-angle torque motor." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1997. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6768.
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This thesis describes the analysis, design and implementation of a high performance DSP-based servo drive for a limited-angle torque motor used in thermal imaging applications. A limited-angle torque motor is an electromagnetic actuator based on the Laws' relay principle, and in the present application the rotation required was from - 10° to + 10° in 16 ms, with a flyback period of 4 ms. To ensure good quality picture reproduction, an exceptionally high linearity of ±0.02 ° was necessary throughout the forward sweep. In addition, the drive voltage to the exciting winding of the motor should be less than the +35 V ceiling of the drive amplifier. A research survey shows that little literature was available, probably due to the commercial sensitivity of many of the applications for torque motors. A detailed mathematical model of the motor drive, including high-order linear dynamics and the significant nonlinear characteristics, was developed to provide an insight into the overall system behaviour. The proposed control scheme uses a multicompensator, multi-loop linear controller, to reshape substantially the motor response characteristic, with a non-linear adaptive gain-scheduled controller to compensate effectively for the nonlinear variations of the motor parameters. The scheme demonstrates that a demanding nonlinear control system may be conveniently analysed and synthesised using frequency-domain methods, and that the design techniques may be reliably applied to similar electro-mechanical systems required to track a repetitive waveform. A prototype drive system was designed, constructed and tested during the course of the research. The drive system comprises a DSP-based digital controller, a linear power amplifier and the feedback signal conditioning circuit necessary for the closed-loop control. A switch-mode amplifier was also built, evaluated and compared with the linear amplifier. It was shown that the overall performance of the linear amplifier was superior to that of the switch-mode amplifier for the present application. The control software was developed using the structured programming method, with the continuous controller converted to digital form using the bilinear transform. The 6- operator was used rather than the z-operator, since it is more advantageous for high speed sampling systems. The gain-scheduled control was implemented by developing a schedule table, which is controlled by the DSP program to update continuously the controller parameters in synchronism with the periodic scanning of the motor. The experimental results show excellent agreement with the simulated results, with linearity of ±0.05 ° achieved throughout the forward sweep. Although this did not quite meet the very demanding specifications due to the limitations of the experimental drive system, it clearly demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme. The discrepancies between simulated and experimental results are analyzed and discussed, the control design method is reviewed, and detailed suggestions are presented for further work which may improve the drive performance.
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Braz, Jamil Monte. "Baga?o de Cevada na Dieta de Su?nos em Fase de Crescimento." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2008. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/578.
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Previous issue date: 2008-04-10The present work was conducted in the Swine Experimental Unity of the UFRRJ Animal Science Institute, from august to november, 2005, to evaluate different levels of barley bagasse included in diets for swines in growing phase, from 35 to 60 kg of live weight. It was used 20 crossbreed gilts, with 35 kg on average of live weight, in a randomized blocks experimental design with five treatments, and four blocks. The five levels of barley bagasse inclusion were 0, 12.5, 25, 37.5 and 50%, replacing the ration based on the dry matter of the reference ration (0% of inclusion). The performance variables ration intake (RI), barley bagasse intake (BBI), total feed intake (TFI), daily ration intake (DRI), daily barley bagasse intake (DBBI), daily feed intake (DFI), total body weight gain (TWG), daily body weight gain (DWG) and feed conversion (FC), also carcass characteristics and weights of organs and visceras were submitted to variance and polynomial regression analysis. It was observed linear reduction on RI and quadratic effect on all the other performance parameters evaluated. The BBI increased with the BB increasing level while TFI increased until 14.91% then decreasing after this level of inclusion. A quadratic effect was observed on DRI and DBBI while DFI increased until the level of 15.00% then decreasing after this level of inclusion. TWG and DWG increased until levels of 12.89 and 14.00% respectively, then decreasing after this level of inclusion. The FC improved progressively until 13.34% of inclusion then getting worse after this level of inclusion. Were evaluated: hot carcass weight (HCW), cold carcass weight (CCW), carcass length (CL) and carcass yields (CY), backfat thickness (BT), ham weight (HW) and ham yield (HY), palette weight (PW) and palette yield (PY), lomb weight (LW) and lomb yield (LY), and loin eye area (LEA). It was observed a quadratic effect on HCW and a linear reduction effect on PW and PY, as the level of barley bagasse inclusion was increased in the swines diets, with none influence on the other carcass characteristics. The Weights of gastro-intestinal tracts (GIT), viscera (VISC), stomach (SW) and liver (LW) were evaluated. There was not any influence on the weights of these last variables due to the level of BB in the growing phase diet. It was observed linear reduction in the feeding cost (FCT) and quadratic effect in the cost per unit of gain (CPUG), which decreased until 22.72% and increasing after this level of BB inclusion. The best level of BB inclusion in diets for swines in growing phase would be 14.91% for higher total DM intake, 12.89% for higher bodyweight gain and 13.34% for the best feed conversion. BB can be included in the growing diet up to 17,36%, without compromising the carcass quality of swines slaughtered at 100 kg of liveweight. BB can be included up to 22.72% in diets of swines in growing phase for reduction of the feeding costs.
O presente trabalho foi realizado no Setor de Suinocultura do Instituto de Zootecnia da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (FAIZ/UFRRJ), durante o per?odo de agosto a novembro de 2005, com o objetivo de avaliar diferentes n?veis de inclus?o de baga?o de cevada na dieta de su?nos em fase de crescimento, dos 35 aos 60 kg de peso vivo. Foram utilizados 20 animais mesti?os das ra?as Large White, Duroc e Landrace, f?meas com peso m?dio de 35 kg, distribu?dos em delineamento de blocos ao acaso com cinco tratamentos e quatro blocos. Os cinco n?veis de inclus?o de baga?o de cevada na dieta foram: 0%; 12,5%; 25%; 37,5% e 50%, substituindo a ra??o com base na mat?ria seca da ra??o refer?ncia (0% de inclus?o). Os par?metros de desempenho consumo de ra??o (CR), consumo de baga?o de cevada (CBC), consumo total (CT), consumo di?rio de ra??o (CDR), consumo di?rio de baga?o de cevada (CDBC), consumo di?rio (CD), ganho de peso total (GP), ganho de peso di?rio (GPD) e convers?o alimentar (CA), assim como caracter?sticas de carca?a e pesos dos ?rg?os e das v?sceras foram submetidos ? an?lise de vari?ncia e de regress?o. Observou-se redu??o linear no CR, e efeito quadr?tico sobre os demais par?metros de desempenho estudados. Observou-se efeito quadr?tico sobre o CBC com o aumento do n?vel de inclus?o, enquanto o CT aumentou at? o n?vel de 14,91% e reduziu ap?s esse n?vel de inclus?o. Observou-se efeito quadr?tico no CDR e no CDBC enquanto o CD aumentou at? o n?vel de 15,00% passando a diminuir ap?s esse n?vel de inclus?o. O GP e o GPD aumentaram at? o n?vel de 12,89 e 14,00% respectivamente, apresentando redu??o ap?s esse n?vel de inclus?o. A CA melhorou gradativamente com a inclus?o at? o n?vel de 13,34% passando a piorar ap?s esse n?vel de inclus?o. Foram avaliados: peso de carca?a quente (PCQ), peso de carca?a resfriada (PCR), comprimento de carca?a (CC) e rendimento de carca?a (RC), espessura de toucinho (ET), peso de pernil (PP) e rendimento de pernil (RP), peso de paleta (PPL) e rendimento de paleta (RPPL), peso de lombo (PL) e rendimento de lombo (RL), e ?rea de olho de lombo (AOL). Observou-se efeito quadr?tico no PCQ e efeito linear no PPL e no RPPL, ? medida que se aumentou o n?vel de baga?o de cevada na dieta dos su?nos, n?o tendo sido observado influ?ncia sobre os demais par?metros de carca?a. Foram avaliados os pesos de trato gastro-intestinal (TGI), das v?sceras (VISC), de est?mago (EST) e de f?gado (FIG). N?o houve influ?ncia do n?vel de baga?o de cevada na dieta dos su?nos em crescimento sobre esses par?metros. Observou-se redu??o linear no custo de alimenta??o (CAL) e efeito quadr?tico no custo por unidade de ganho (CPUG), observando-se redu??o em at? 22,72% no CPUG e aumento ap?s esse n?vel. O melhor n?vel de inclus?o de baga?o de cevada em dietas para su?nos em crescimento seria de 14,91%, para maior consumo total de MS, 12,89% para m?ximo ganho de peso e 13,34% para a melhor CA. O baga?o de cevada pode ser inclu?do na dieta de su?nos em fase de crescimento em n?veis de at? 17,36%, sem comprometer a qualidade de carca?a de su?nos abatidos aos 100 kg de peso vivo. O baga?o de cevada pode ser inclu?do na dieta de su?nos em fase de crescimento em n?veis de at? 22,72% para redu??o dos custos de alimenta??o.