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Journal articles on the topic 'Percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation'

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Published: 21 December 2024

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1

Ahmed, Hesham E., William F. Craig, Paul F. White, El-Sayed A. Ghoname, Mohamed A. Hamza, Noor M. Gajraj, and Stephen M. Taylor. "Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation." Anesthesia & Analgesia 87, no. 4 (October 1998): 911–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000539-199810000-00031.

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Ahmed, Hesham E., William F. Craig, Paul F. White, El-Sayed A. Ghoname, Mohamed A. Hamza, Noor M. Gajraj, and Stephen M. Taylor. "Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation." Anesthesia & Analgesia 87, no. 4 (October 1998): 911–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/00000539-199810000-00031.

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Ghoname, E. A., W. F. Craig, P. F. White, H. E. Ahmed, &NA; Hamza, and &NA; Noe. "PERCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION (PENS)." Anesthesia & Analgesia 88, Supplement (February 1999): 209S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000539-199902001-00208.

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Ghoname, E. A., W. F. Craig, P. F. White, H. E. Ahmed, M. A. Hamza, B. N. Henderson, N. M. Gajraj, P. J. Huber, and R. J. Gatchel. "PERCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION (PENS)." Anesthesiology 89, Supplement (September 1998): 1100A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199809190-00029.

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Pinsker, M. Craig. "Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation or Acupuncture." Anesthesia & Analgesia 89, no. 4 (October 1999): 1065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/00000539-199910000-00050.

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White, Paul F., and William F. Craig. "Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation or Acupuncture." Anesthesia & Analgesia 89, no. 4 (October 1999): 1065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/00000539-199910000-00051.

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Pinsker, M. Craig. "Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation or Acupuncture." Anesthesia & Analgesia 89, no. 4 (October 1999): 1065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000539-199910000-00050.

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White, Paul F., and William F. Craig. "Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation or Acupuncture." Anesthesia & Analgesia 89, no. 4 (October 1999): 1065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000539-199910000-00051.

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Hamza, Mohamed A., El-sayed A. Ghoname, Paul F. White, William F. Craig, Hesham E. Ahmed, Noor M. Gajraj, Akshay S. Vakharia, and Carl E. Noe. "Effect of the Duration of Electrical Stimulation on the Analgesic Response in Patients with Low Back Pain." Anesthesiology 91, no. 6 (December 1, 1999): 1622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199912000-00012.

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Background Electrical stimulation of peripheral nerves produces acute analgesic effects. This randomized, sham-controlled, crossover study was designed to evaluate the effect of differing durations of electrical stimulation on the analgesic response to percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in 75 consenting patients with low back pain. Methods All patients received electrical stimulation for four different time intervals (0, 15, 30, and 45 min) in a random sequence over the course of an 11-week study period. All active percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation treatments were administered using alternating frequencies of 15 and 30 Hz three times per week for 2 consecutive weeks. The prestudy assessments included the health status survey short form questionnaire and 10-cm visual analog scale scores for pain, physical activity, and quality of sleep, with 0 being the best and 10 being the worst. The pain scoring was repeated 5-10 min after each 60-min study session and 24 h after the last treatment session with each of the four methods. The daily oral analgesic requirements were assessed during each of the four treatment blocks. At the end of each 2-week treatment block, the questionnaire was repeated. Results Electrical stimulation using percutaneously placed needles produced short-term improvements in the visual analog scale pain, physical activity, and quality of sleep scores, and a reduction in the oral analgesic requirements. The 30-min and 45-min durations of electrical stimulation produced similar hypoalgesic effects (48+/-21% and 46+/-19%, respectively) and were significantly more effective than either 15 min (21+/-17%) or 0 min (10+/-11%). The 30- and 45-min treatments were also more effective in improving physical activity and sleep scores over the course of the 2-week treatment period. In contrast to the sham treatment (0 min), the health status survey short form revealed that electrical stimulation for 15 to 45 min three times per week for 2 weeks improved patient function. Conclusion The recommended duration of electrical stimulation with percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation therapy is 30 min.

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Friedman, Michael, Vytenis Grybauskas, Dean M. Toriumi, and Edward L. Applebaum. "Treatment of Spastic Dysphonia without Nerve Section." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 96, no. 5 (September 1987): 590–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348948709600522.

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Spastic dysphonia is a disorder characterized by strained, constricted phonation with excessively adducted vocal cords. Despite initial success with recurrent laryngeal nerve section, the search for other treatment continues. Our clinical study involved inserting a needle electrode percutaneously into the region of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in five patients with spastic dysphonia. Electrical stimulation resulted in dramatic improvement in three patients and minimal improvement in two. Our experimental study was designed to create an animal model for an implantable nerve stimulator to be used on a long-term basis. A Medtronic spinal cord stimulation system was implanted into a dog, and a cuff electrode was positioned around the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Vocal cord position could be altered by varying the stimulus frequency. Long-term stimulation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve was relatively safe and effective. Eventually, we plan to implant nerve stimulators into spastic dysphonia patients who respond well to percutaneous stimulation.

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Hsieh, Ru-Lan, and Wen-Chung Lee. "One-Shot Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation vs. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation for Low Back Pain." American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation 81, no. 11 (November 2002): 838–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002060-200211000-00006.

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Gavronsky, Stas, Rebecca Koeniger-Donohue, Julie Steller, and Joellen W. Hawkins. "Postoperative Pain: Acupuncture versus Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation." Pain Management Nursing 13, no. 3 (September 2012): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmn.2009.08.001.

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&NA;. "Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (PENS) a Gigantic Stir." Back Letter 14, no. 5 (May 1999): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00130561-199905000-00001.

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Ghoname, El-sayed A., William F. Craig, Paul F. White, Hesham E. Ahmed, Mohamed A. Hamza, Brent N. Henderson, Noor M. Gajraj, Philip J. Huber, and Robert J. Gatchel. "Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation for Low Back Pain." JAMA 281, no. 9 (March 3, 1999): 818. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.281.9.818.

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Suneetha, Rachaneni, Enki Doyo, Welstand Megan, Heggie Thomasin, and Dua Anupreet. "Predictors of positive treatment response to PTNS in women with overactive bladder." Clinical Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 5, no. 1 (January 18, 2022): 001–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.29328/journal.cjog.1001097.

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Percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) is a non-invasive treatment for overactive bladder (OAB). PTNS involves peripheral neuromodulation that uses electrical stimulation to target the spinal cord roots, mainly S3, which controls bladder function. Neuromodulation is postulated to be the effect of cross-signaling between sympathetic and parasympathetic post ganglionic nerve terminals and synapses, causing alteration of nerve signals involved in the voiding reflex. de Groat, et al. described this neurophysiological process and the neural circuits involved in controlling the lower urinary tract [1]. Stimulation of peripheral nerves and subsequent “cross-talk” at the level of the postganglionic neuroeffector junctions can modulate transmission and facilitate detrusor inhibition [2].

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Friedman, Michael, Vytenis T. Grybauskas, Dean M. Toriumi, and Edward L. Applebaum. "Implantation of a Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Stimulator for the Treatment of Spastic Dysphonia." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 98, no. 2 (February 1989): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348948909800209.

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Spastic dysphonia, a rare speech disorder, is characterized by strained phonation with excessively adducted vocal cords. Recurrent laryngeal nerve section, botulinum toxin injection into the vocalis-thyroarytenoid muscle complex, and other techniques have been used to treat this disorder. We have used percutaneous electrical stimulation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve with good results. Previous dog studies demonstrated the relative safety of an implantable recurrent laryngeal nerve stimulator. In this study, we directly stimulated the recurrent laryngeal nerve and vagus nerve in a dog without change in cardiorespiratory status. A Medtronic peripheral nerve stimulator was implanted in a patient with abductor spastic dysphonia. The cuff electrode was positioned around the recurrent laryngeal nerve and stimulation resulted in improvement in her voice. Extensive cardiopulmonary monitoring did not reveal any adverse response to stimulation and there was no discomfort to the patient. On the basis of the good results of this preliminary study, further study with long-term follow-up is under way.

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Al-Shaiji, Tariq F., Mai Banakhar, and Magdy M. Hassouna. "Pelvic Electrical Neuromodulation for the Treatment of Overactive Bladder Symptoms." Advances in Urology 2011 (2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/757454.

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Overactive bladder syndrome negatively affects the daily life of many people. First-line conservative treatments, such as antimuscarinics, do not always lead to sufficient improvement of the complaints and/or are often associated with disabling adverse effects leading to treatment failure. Electrical stimulation of the sacral nerves has emerged as an alternative and attractive treatment for refractory cases of bladder overactivity. Few theories attempted to explain its mechanism of action which remains elusive. It involves percutaneous posterior tibial nerve stimulation and more commonly sacral neuromodulation. For the latter, temporary sacral nerve stimulation is the first step. If the test stimulation is successful, a permanent device is implanted. The procedure is safe and reversible. It carries a durable success rate. The technique should be combined with careful followup and attentive adjustments of the stimulation parameters in order to optimize the clinical outcomes. This paper provides a review on the indications, possible mechanisms of action, surgical aspects and possible complications, and safety issues of this technique. The efficacy of the technique is also addressed.

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Berkman, R. "Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation for Treatment of Low Back Pain." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 282, no. 10 (September 8, 1999): 941–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.282.10.941.

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Hulaily, Zuhair, Ammar haji, Mehad Awad, Tahani Habeeb, and Faizah Haidar. "Effectiveness of physiotherapy interventions in alleviating symptoms and complications of diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A review of evidence." Rawal Medical Journal 49, no. 2 (2024): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/rmj.20230704065844.

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This review presents a comprehensive analysis of physiotherapy interventions for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN), summarizing key findings derived from an examination of approximately 654 studies, including randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, conducted up to September 2021. Ultimately, 19 studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The findings affirm the effectiveness of physiotherapy interventions in enhancing the quality of life for individuals with DPN. Notable discoveries encompass the positive impact of various interventions, such as aerobic and resistance exercises, electrical stimulation modalities (e.g., transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, and functional electrical stimulation), as well as manual therapies (e.g., massage and joint mobilization). These interventions have demonstrated their ability to reduce pain, enhance balance, and improve sensory function. While acknowledging certain limitations, this review underscores the potential of evidence-based physiotherapy interventions to optimize DPN management and enhance patient outcomes.

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20

Cummings, Mike. "Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation – Electroacupuncture by Another Name? A Comparative Review." Acupuncture in Medicine 19, no. 1 (June 2001): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/aim.19.1.32.

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Percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (PENS) is a technique that has been described as a ‘novel analgesic therapy’. A review was performed of the published literature in order to compare PENS with the author's knowledge and experience of the use of EA, specifically with regard to the stimulation parameters, the selection of points, and the reported efficacy. The conclusion of the review is that PENS is neither different in principle nor in practice from EA, and whilst the term accurately reflects the nature of the treatment, there is no substantial justification for referring to PENS as a novel therapy.

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21

Young, Ronald F. "Electrical stimulation of the trigeminal nerve root for the treatment of chronic facial pain." Journal of Neurosurgery 83, no. 1 (July 1995): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1995.83.1.0072.

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✓ Between March 1990 and December 1992, 23 patients with chronic intractable facial pain due to various forms of injury to the trigeminal nerve or nerve root underwent implantation of an electrical stimulating system to treat their pain. All patients had failed previous extensive pain treatment efforts. A monopolar platinum-iridium electrode was implanted on the trigeminal nerve root via percutaneous puncture of the foramen ovale. All patients experienced at least 50% reduction in pain intensity during a period of trial stimulation and underwent internalization of the electrode and connection to a completely implanted pulse generator. Independent assessment of the effect of stimulation was obtained by a specially trained nurse practitioner. Over a mean follow-up period of 24 months, six patients reported nearly complete relief of pain and six others reported at least a 50% reduction in pain intensity using a visual analog scale. Thus, 12 (52%) of the 23 patients achieved 50% or greater reduction in pain intensity. Although changes in the patterns of analgesic medication usage were few, six patients (26%) now experience a normal life style. Only one complication was seen, namely a dislocated electrode, which was easily replaced. Chronic electrical stimulation of the trigeminal nerve root appears to be an easy and safe technique for providing relief of chronic facial pain related to injury to the trigeminal nerve in a significant number of patients.

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22

Paquette, Jason P., and Paul B. Yoo. "Recruitment of unmyelinated C-fibers mediates the bladder-inhibitory effects of tibial nerve stimulation in a continuous-fill anesthetized rat model." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 317, no. 1 (July 1, 2019): F163—F171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00502.2018.

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Although percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation is considered a clinically effective therapy for treating overactive bladder, the mechanism by which overactive bladder symptoms are suppressed remains unclear. The goal of the present study was to better understand the role of specific neural inputs (i.e., fiber types) on the bladder-inhibitory effects of tibial nerve stimulation (TNS). In 24 urethane-anesthetized rats, a continuous suprapubic saline infusion model was used to achieve repeated filling and emptying of the bladder. A total of 4 TNS trials (pulse frequency: 5 Hz) were applied in randomized order, where each trial used different amplitude settings: 1) no stimulation (control), 2) Aβ-fiber activation, 3) Aδ-fiber activation, and 4) C-fiber activation. Each stimulation trial was 30 min in duration, with an intertrial washout period of 60−90 min. Our findings showed that TNS evoked statistically significant changes in bladder function (e.g., bladder capacity, residual volume, voiding efficiency, and basal pressure) only at stimulation amplitudes that electrically recruited unmyelinated C-fibers. In a subset of experiments, TNS also resulted in transient episodes of overflow incontinence. It is noted that changes in bladder function occurred only during the poststimulation period. The bladder-inhibitory effects of TNS in a continuous bladder filling model suggests that electrical recruitment of unmyelinated C-fibers has important functional significance. The implications of these findings in percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation therapy should be further investigated.

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Flores, G., K. Kitto, C. Wade, and C. Fairbanks. "Endogenous agmatine contributes to percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation evoked anti-allodynia." Journal of Pain 11, no. 4 (April 2010): S29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2010.01.123.

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Inaba, A., T. Yokota, T. Miyatake, T. Komori, and H. Tanabe. "The sciatic nerve conduction study by percutaneous high voltage electrical stimulation." Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 87, no. 2 (August 1993): S88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-4694(93)91257-2.

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Li, Hong, and Qiao-rong Xu. "Effect of percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for the treatment of migraine." Medicine 96, no. 39 (September 2017): e8108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000008108.

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Ilfeld, Brian M., and John J. Finneran. "Cryoneurolysis and Percutaneous Peripheral Nerve Stimulation to Treat Acute Pain." Anesthesiology 133, no. 5 (September 8, 2020): 1127–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000003532.

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Two regional analgesic modalities currently cleared by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration hold promise to provide postoperative analgesia free of many of the limitations of both opioids and local anesthetic-based techniques. Cryoneurolysis uses exceptionally low temperature to reversibly ablate a peripheral nerve, resulting in temporary analgesia. Where applicable, it offers a unique option given its extended duration of action measured in weeks to months after a single application. Percutaneous peripheral nerve stimulation involves inserting an insulated lead through a needle to lie adjacent to a peripheral nerve. Analgesia is produced by introducing electrical current with an external pulse generator. It is a unique regional analgesic in that it does not induce sensory, motor, or proprioception deficits and is cleared for up to 60 days of use. However, both modalities have limited validation when applied to acute pain, and randomized, controlled trials are required to define both benefits and risks.

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27

Elahi, Foad. "Ultrasound Guided Peripheral Nerve Stimulation Implant for Management of Intractable Pain after Inguinal Herniorrhaphy." Pain Physician 18;1, no. 1;1 (January 14, 2015): E31—E38. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj/2015.18.e31.

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Background: Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most common operations performed worldwide. Intractable pain following this operation is a potential debilitating complication. The exact etiology of this complex pain is unknown and the treatment of chronic pain after inguinal herniorrhaphy can be a difficult task for both the patient and the clinician. Objectives: The objectives of this study are to identify the ability of peripheral nerve electrical stimulation to decrease post inguinal herniorrhaphy pain, increase patients’ functionality, and decrease pain medication use. Study Design: Three patients with intractable pain after inguinal herniorrhaphy were included in this case series. Two patients had right-sided inguinal repair and one had a leftsided repair. Pain in these patients all began after the inguinal repair and had an average pain duration of 3.4 years after surgery. All 3 patients had been treated with multiple pain management modalities without significant pain improvement. We will describe the clinical course of these patients who presented with chronic intractable pain. After a period of failed conservative medical management and repetitive successful nerve blocks, we decided to proceed with utilizing electrical nerve stimulation as a treatment modality. Setting: This retrospective study was done at the university hospital and has an IRB assigned number. Results: After careful consideration of the patients’ history and physical examination and a thorough psychological assessment, we proceeded with a temporary percutaneous electrical neurostimulation that provided significant pain relief. Ultrasound guided permanent percutaneous electrical neurostimulation implant was shown to provide significant pain relief at 12-month follow-ups. We reviewed all existing pertinent medical literature related to the management of post herniorrhaphy pain. This case series adds to our current knowledge for chronic intractable post herniorrhaphy pain management. Limitations: This study is a retrospective assessment of a new technique that was applied to a limited number of cases. It remains to be determined whether this technique is superior to the classical open surgical technique in the future. Our findings warrant further studies on the utilization of peripheral nerve stimulation with chronic post herniorrhaphy pain. Key words: Peripheral nerve stimulation, ilioinguinal nerve, iliohypogastric nerve, nerve block, inguinal hernia repair, ultrasound guided procedure

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Liu, Tanghua. "Effect Of Percutaneous Electrical Stimulation For Occipital Nerve In Treatment Cervical Headache." Anesthesia & Clinical Care 7, no. 2 (September 2, 2020): 01–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/acc-8879/100051.

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29

Hall, Samuel, and Girish Vajramani. "Nummular Headache Successfully Managed With Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation: A Case Report." Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface 24, no. 6 (April 13, 2021): 1132–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ner.13397.

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30

Hamza, M. A., P. F. White, W. F. Craig, E. S. Ghoname, H. E. Ahmed, T. J. Proctor, C. E. Noe, A. S. Vakharia, and N. Gajraj. "Percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation: a novel analgesic therapy for diabetic neuropathic pain." Diabetes Care 23, no. 3 (March 1, 2000): 365–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/diacare.23.3.365.

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31

Ghoname, El-sayed A., William F. Craig, and Paul F. White. "Use of Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (PENS) for Treating ECT-Induced Headaches." Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain 39, no. 7 (July 1999): 502–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-4610.1999.3907502.x.

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32

Hamza, M. A., P. F. Whit, W. F. Craig, E. A. Ghoname, H. E. Ahmed, T. J. Proctor, C. E. Noe, A. S. Vakharia, and N. Gajraj. "Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation-A Novel Analgesic Therapy For Diabetic Neuropathic Pain." Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System 5, no. 2 (June 2000): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1529-8027.2000.absjun-8.x.

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33

Fu, Ting, Hui-juan Guang, and Xiang-zhuan Gao. "Percutaneous nerve electrical stimulation for fatigue caused by chemotherapy for cervical cancer." Medicine 97, no. 41 (October 2018): e12020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000012020.

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GHONAME, EL-SAYED A., WILLIAM F. CRAIG, PAUL F. WHITE, HESHAM E. AHMED, MOHAMED A. HAMZA, BRENT N. HENDERSON, NOOR M. GAJRAJ, PHILIP J. HUBER, and ROBERT J. GATCHEL. "Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation for Low Back Pain: A Randomized Crossover Study." Survey of Anesthesiology 43, no. 6 (December 1999): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00132586-199912000-00058.

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Parikh, Sarthak, Alexandra C. Echevarria, Brandon R. Cemenski, and Travis Small. "The Relevance of Implanted Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation in Orthopedics Surgery: A Systematic Review." Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 13 (June 25, 2024): 3699. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm13133699.

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Background: Percutaneous peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) is a form of neuromodulation that involves the transmission of electrical energy via metal contacts known as leads or electrodes. PNS has gained popularity in orthopedic surgery as several studies have supported its use as a pain control device for patients suffering from pain due to orthopedic pathologies involving the knee, shoulder, and foot. The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize the literature involving peripheral nerve stimulation in orthopedic surgery. The existing body of literature provides support for further research regarding the use of PNS in the management of knee pain, hip pain, shoulder pain, foot pain, and orthopedic trauma. Notably, the evidence for its efficacy in addressing knee and shoulder pain is present. Methods: This study was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Seven hundred and forty-five unique entries were identified. Two blinded reviewers assessed each article by title and abstract to determine its relevance and categorized them as “include”, “exclude”, and “maybe”. After a preliminary review was completed, reviewers were unblinded and a third reviewer retrieved articles labeled as “maybe” and those with conflicting labels to determine their relevance. Twenty-eight articles were included, and seven hundred and seventeen articles were excluded. Articles discussing the use of PNS in the field of orthopedic surgery in patients >18 years of age after 2010 were included. Exclusion criteria included neuropathic pain, phantom limb pain, amputation, non-musculoskeletal related pathology, non-orthopedic surgery related pathology, spinal cord stimulator, no reported outcomes, review articles, abstracts only, non-human subjects. Results: A total of 16 studies analyzing 69 patients were included. All studies were either case series or case reports. Most articles involved the application of PNS in the knee (8) and shoulder (6) joint. Few articles discussed its application in the foot and orthopedic trauma. All studies demonstrated that PNS was effective in reducing pain. Discussion: Peripheral nerve stimulation can be effective in managing postoperative or chronic pain in patients suffering from orthopedic pathology. This systematic review is limited by the scarcity of robust studies with substantial sample sizes and extended follow up periods in the existing literature.

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Wibisono, Elita, and Harrina E. Rahardjo. "Management of overactive bladder review: the role of percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation." Medical Journal of Indonesia 25, no. 4 (January 25, 2017): 245–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.13181/mji.v25i4.1385.

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Overactive bladder (OAB) is a common condition that is experienced by around 455 million people (11% of the world population) and associated with significant impact in patients’ quality of life. The first line treatments of OAB are conservative treatment and anti-muscarinic medication. For the refractory OAB patients, the treatment options available are surgical therapy, electrical stimulation, and botulinum toxin injection. Among them, percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) is a minimally invasive option that aims to stimulate sacral nerve plexus, a group of nerve that is responsible for regulation of bladder function. After its approval by food and drug administration (FDA) in 2007, PTNS revealed considerable promise in OAB management. In this review, several non-comparative and comparative studies comparing PTNS with sham procedure, anti-muscarinic therapy, and multimodal therapy combining PTNS and anti-muscarinic had supportive data to this consideration.

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Coolen, Rosa L., Dennis Frings, Els van Asselt, Jeroen R. Scheepe, and Bertil F. M. Blok. "Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation of the Abdomen, Ear, and Tibial Nerve Modulates Bladder Contraction in a Rat Detrusor Overactivity Model: A Pilot Study." International Neurourology Journal 27, no. 3 (September 30, 2023): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5213/inj.2346144.072.

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Purpose: The global prevalence of overactive bladder (OAB) is estimated at 11.8%. Despite existing treatment options such as sacral neuromodulation, a substantial number of patients remain untreated. One potential alternative is noninvasive transcutaneous electrical stimulation. This form of stimulation does not necessitate the implantation of an electrode, thereby eliminating the need for highly skilled surgeons, expensive implantable devices, or regular hospital visits. We hypothesized that alternative neural pathways can impact bladder contraction.Methods: In this pilot study, we conducted transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the abdominal wall (T6-L1), the ear (vagus nerve), and the ankle (tibial nerve) of 3 anesthetized female Sprague-Dawley rats. Stimulation was administered within a range of 20 Hz to 20 kHz, and its impact on intravesical pressure was measured. We focused on 3 primary outcomes related to intravesical pressure: (1) the pressure change from the onset of a contraction to its peak, (2) the average duration of contraction, and (3) the number of contractions within a specified timeframe. These measurements were taken while the bladder was filled with either saline or acetic acid (serving as a model for OAB).Results: Transcutaneous stimulation of the abdominal wall, ear, and ankle at a frequency of 20 Hz decreased the number of bladder contractions during infusion with acetic acid. As revealed by a comparison of various stimulation frequencies of the tibial nerve during bladder infusion with acetic acid, the duration of contraction was significantly shorter during stimulation at 1 kHz and 3 kHz relative to stimulation at 20 Hz (P = 0.025 and P = 0.044, respectively).Conclusions: The application of transcutaneous electrical stimulation to the abdominal wall, ear, and tibial nerve could provide less invasive and more cost-effective treatment options for OAB relative to percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation and sacral neuromodulation. A follow-up study involving a larger sample size is recommended.

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Fraser, Lynn, and Anna Woodbury. "Case report: Percutaneous electrical neural field stimulation in two cases of sympathetically-mediated pain." F1000Research 6 (June 15, 2017): 920. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.11494.1.

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Background: Fibromyalgia and complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) are both chronic pain syndromes with pathophysiologic mechanisms related to autonomic nervous system dysregulation and central sensitization. Both syndromes are considered difficult to treat with conventional pain therapies. Case presentations: Here we describe a female veteran with fibromyalgia and a male veteran with CRPS, both of whom failed multiple pharmacologic, physical and psychological therapies for pain, but responded to percutaneous electrical neural field stimulation (PENFS) targeted at the auricular branches of the cranial nerves. Discussion: While PENFS applied to the body has been previously described for treatment of localized pain, PENFS effects on cranial nerve branches of the ear is not well-known, particularly when used for regional and full-body pain syndromes such as those described here. PENFS of the ear is a minimally-invasive, non-pharmacologic therapy that could lead to improved quality of life and decreased reliance on medication. However, further research is needed to guide clinical application, particularly in complex pain patients.

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Kobayashi, Mariko, Seiichiro Sakurai, Tohru Takaseya, Akira Shiose, Hyun-Il Kim, Masako Fujiki, Jamshid H. Karimov, et al. "Effects of Percutaneous Stimulation of Both Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Cardiac Autonomic Nerves on Cardiac Function in Dogs." Innovations: Technology and Techniques in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery 7, no. 4 (July 2012): 282–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/imi.0b013e31826f14ff.

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Objective Augmentation of left ventricular (LV) contractility and heart rate (HR) by sympathetic nerve stimulation and amelioration of heart failure by vagal nerve stimulation has been reported. However, the effects of concomitant electrical stimulation of both sympathetic and parasympathetic cardiac nerves in tissues such as those of the cardiac plexus remain unclear. This study sought to assess acute changes in cardiac function and hemodynamics in response to endovascular cardiac plexus stimulation (CPS). Methods Twelve dogs received endovascular CPS via a bipolar catheter within the right pulmonary artery. Stimulation frequency (20 Hz) and pulse width (4 milliseconds) were fixed; voltage varied (range, 15–60 V). Results Results fell into three categories: 1, no response (n = 4); 2, an increase in systemic arterial pressure that was dependent on electrode placement (n = 4); and 3, a very reproducible and stable increase in aortic pressure (n = 4). In the third group, mean systolic aortic pressures, maximum value of the first derivative of LV pressure, and LV stroke work increased with stimulation (P < 0.02 for all parameters) as did cardiac output, end-systolic elastance, and preload recruitable stroke work (P = 0.03). Systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance, central venous pressure, pulmonary arterial pressure, and HR remained unchanged (P > 0.05). Conclusions In contrast to conventional inotropic agents, endovascular CPS induced significant and selective increases in LV contractility without increasing HR. Efforts to optimize electrode placement and fixation will improve the reproducibility of endovascular CPS treatment.

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Jiao, Dian, Lai Xu, Zhen Gu, Hua Yan, Dingding Shen, and Xiaosong Gu. "Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of epilepsy: electromagnetic stimulation–mediated neuromodulation therapy and new technologies." Neural Regeneration Research 20, no. 4 (April 3, 2024): 917–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01444.

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Epilepsy is a severe, relapsing, and multifactorial neurological disorder. Studies regarding the accurate diagnosis, prognosis, and in-depth pathogenesis are crucial for the precise and effective treatment of epilepsy. The pathogenesis of epilepsy is complex and involves alterations in variables such as gene expression, protein expression, ion channel activity, energy metabolites, and gut microbiota composition. Satisfactory results are lacking for conventional treatments for epilepsy. Surgical resection of lesions, drug therapy, and non-drug interventions are mainly used in clinical practice to treat pain associated with epilepsy. Non-pharmacological treatments, such as a ketogenic diet, gene therapy for nerve regeneration, and neural regulation, are currently areas of research focus. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the pathogenesis, diagnostic methods, and treatments of epilepsy. It also elaborates on the theoretical basis, treatment modes, and effects of invasive nerve stimulation in neurotherapy, including percutaneous vagus nerve stimulation, deep brain electrical stimulation, repetitive nerve electrical stimulation, in addition to non-invasive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation. Numerous studies have shown that electromagnetic stimulation-mediated neuromodulation therapy can markedly improve neurological function and reduce the frequency of epileptic seizures. Additionally, many new technologies for the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy are being explored. However, current research is mainly focused on analyzing patients’ clinical manifestations and exploring relevant diagnostic and treatment methods to study the pathogenesis at a molecular level, which has led to a lack of consensus regarding the mechanisms related to the disease.

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Martín Pérez, Sebastián Eustaquio Martín, Isidro Miguel Martín Martín Pérez, Eleuterio A. Sánchez-Romero, María Dolores Sosa Sosa Reina, Alberto Carlos Muñoz Fernández, José Luis Alonso Pérez, and Jorge Hugo Villafañe. "Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (PENS) for Infrapatellar Saphenous Neuralgia Management in a Patient with Myasthenia gravis (MG)." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 3 (February 1, 2023): 2617. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032617.

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Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness of the cranial and skeletal muscles, however, neuropathies are extremely rare. In this case report we present a case of a 61-year-old man diagnosed Myasthenia gravis who came to our attention due to a 1 week of acute deep pain [NPRS 8/10] in the anterior and medial right knee which occurred during walking [NPRS 8/10] or stair climbing [NPRS 9/10]. A complete medical record and clinical examination based on physical exploration and ultrasound assessment confirmed a infrapatellar saphenous neuralgia. Therapeutic interventions included Percutaneous nerve electrical stimulation combined with pain neuroscience education, neural mobilization of the saphenous nerve and quadriceps resistance exercises. After 4 weeks, pain intensity [NRPS = 1/10], knee functionality [OKS = 41/48] and lower limb functionality [LLFI = 80%] were notably improved, nevertheless, fatigue [RPE = 2/10] was similar than baseline. At 2 months of follow-up, the effect on intensity of pain NRPS [0/10] and functionality OKS [40/48] and LLFI [82%] was maintained, however, no significant clinical changes were detected on perceived fatigue RPE Scale [2/10]. Despite the important methodological limitations of this study, our case report highlights the efficacy of percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation combined with physical agents modalities for pain and functionality of infrapatellar saphenous neuralgia in the context of Myasthenia gravis.

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AHMED, HESHAM E., WILLIAM F. CRAIG, PAUL F. WHITE, EL-SAYED A. GHONAME, MOHAMED A. HAMZA, NOOR M. GAJRAJ, and STEPHEN M. TAYLOR. "Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation: An Alternative to Antiviral Drugs for Acute Herpes Zoster." Survey of Anesthesiology 43, no. 4 (August 1999): 237–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00132586-199908000-00056.

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Ghoname, El-sayed A., Paul F. White, Hesham E. Ahmed, Mohamed A. Hamza, William F. Craig, and Carl E. Noe. "Percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation: an alternative to TENS in the management of sciatica." Pain 83, no. 2 (November 1999): 193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3959(99)00097-4.

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Chen, Yueh-Sheng, Cheng-Li Hu, Ching-Liang Hsieh, Jaung-Geng Lin, Chin-Chuan Tsai, Ter-Hsin Chen, and Chun-Hsu Yao. "Effects of percutaneous electrical stimulation on peripheral nerve regeneration using silicone rubber chambers." Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 57, no. 4 (2001): 541–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-4636(20011215)57:4<541::aid-jbm1200>3.0.co;2-y.

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Ilfeld, Brian M., John J. Finneran, Rodney A. Gabriel, Engy T. Said, Patrick L. Nguyen, Wendy B. Abramson, Bahareh Khatibi, et al. "Ultrasound-guided percutaneous peripheral nerve stimulation: neuromodulation of the suprascapular nerve and brachial plexus for postoperative analgesia following ambulatory rotator cuff repair. A proof-of-concept study." Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine 44, no. 3 (February 15, 2019): 310–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2018-100121.

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Background and objectivesPercutaneous peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) is an analgesic modality involving the insertion of a lead through an introducing needle followed by the delivery of electric current. This modality has been reported to treat chronic pain as well as postoperative pain following knee and foot surgery. However, it remains unknown if this analgesic technique may be used in ambulatory patients following upper extremity surgery. The purpose of this proof-of-concept study was to investigate various lead implantation locations and evaluate the feasibility of using percutaneous brachial plexus PNS to treat surgical pain following ambulatory rotator cuff repair in the immediate postoperative period.MethodsPreoperatively, an electrical lead (SPR Therapeutics, Cleveland, Ohio) was percutaneously implanted to target the suprascapular nerve or brachial plexus roots or trunks using ultrasound guidance. Postoperatively, subjects received 5 min of either stimulation or sham in a randomized, double-masked fashion followed by a 5 min crossover period, and then continuous stimulation until lead removal postoperative days 14–28.ResultsLeads (n=2) implanted at the suprascapular notch did not appear to provide analgesia, and subsequent leads (n=14) were inserted through the middle scalene muscle and placed to target the brachial plexus. Three subjects withdrew prior to data collection. Within the recovery room, stimulation did not decrease pain scores during the first 40 min of the remaining subjects with brachial plexus leads, regardless of which treatment subjects were randomized to initially. Seven of these 11 subjects required a single-injection interscalene nerve block for rescue analgesia prior to discharge. However, subsequent average resting and dynamic pain scores postoperative days 1–14 had a median of 1 or less on the Numeric Rating Scale, and opioid requirements averaged less than 1 tablet daily with active stimulation. Two leads dislodged during use and four fractured on withdrawal, but no infections, nerve injuries, or adverse sequelae were reported.ConclusionsThis proof-of-concept study demonstrates that ultrasound-guided percutaneous PNS of the brachial plexus is feasible for ambulatory shoulder surgery, and although analgesia immediately following surgery does not appear to be as potent as local anesthetic-based peripheral nerve blocks, the study suggests that this modality may provide analgesia and decrease opioid requirements in the days following rotator cuff repair. Therefore, it suggests that a subsequent, large, randomized clinical trial with an adequate control group is warranted to further investigate this therapy in the management of surgical pain in the immediate postoperative period. However, multiple technical issues remain to be resolved, such as the optimal lead location, insertion technique, and stimulating protocol, as well as preventing lead dislodgment and fracture.Trial registration numberNCT02898103.

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Yeh, Chia-Chou, Yu-Ching Lin, Fuu-Jen Tsai, Chih-Yang Huang, Chun-Hsu Yao, and Yueh-Sheng Chen. "Timing of Applying Electrical Stimulation Is an Important Factor Deciding the Success Rate and Maturity of Regenerating Rat Sciatic Nerves." Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 24, no. 8 (August 12, 2010): 730–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1545968310376758.

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Background. The timing of electrical stimulation (ES) after peripheral nerve transection may enhance axonal regeneration and functional recovery. Objective. The authors examined whether percutaneous ES at 1 mA and 2 Hz affects regeneration between the proximal and distal nerve stumps. Methods. Four groups of adult rats were subjected to sciatic nerve section followed by repair using silicone rubber conduits across a 10-mm gap. All groups received ES for 15 minutes every other day for 2 weeks. Stimulation was initiated on day 1 following the nerve repair for group A, day 8 for group B, and day 15 for group C. The control group D received no ES. Results. At 6 weeks after surgery in groups B and C, histological evaluations showed a significantly higher number of regenerated myelinated fibers in the sciatic nerve, and the electrophysiological results showed higher levels of reinnervation with relatively larger mean values of amplitudes, durations, and areas of compound muscle action potentials compared with A and D. Conclusion. A short delay in the onset of ES may improve the recovery of a severe peripheral nerve injury, which should be considered as a way of augmenting rehabilitative approaches.

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Inaba, A., T. Yokota, T. Komori, and K. Hirose. "Proximal and segmental motor nerve conduction in the sciatic nerve produced by percutaneous high voltage electrical stimulation." Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control 101, no. 2 (April 1996): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0924-980x(95)00278-s.

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van der Wilt, A. A., G. Giuliani, C. Kubis, B. P. W. van Wunnik, I. Ferreira, S. O. Breukink, P. A. Lehur, F. La Torre, and C. G. M. I. Baeten. "Randomized clinical trial of percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation versus sham electrical stimulation in patients with faecal incontinence." British Journal of Surgery 104, no. 9 (July 13, 2017): 1167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bjs.10590.

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Li, Rui, Jingyi Lu, Meiqi Wang, Ping Zhang, Hongmei Fang, Kunli Yang, Liuyan Wang, et al. "Ultrasound-Guided Median Nerve Electrical Stimulation to Promote Upper Limb Function Recovery after Stroke." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2022 (July 14, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3590057.

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Peripheral electrical nerve stimulation enhances hand function during stroke rehabilitation. Here, we proposed a percutaneous direct median nerve stimulation guided by ultrasound (ultrasound‐guided median nerve electrical stimulation, UG-MNES) and evaluated its feasibility and effectiveness in the treatment of stroke patients with upper limb extremity impairments. Sixty-three stroke patients (2-3 months of onset) were randomly divided into control and UG-MNES groups. Both groups received routine rehabilitation and the UG-MNES group received an additional ultrasound-guided electrical stimulation of the median nerve at 2 Hz, 0.2 ms pulse-width for 20 minutes with gradual intensity enhancement. The Fugl-Meyer Assessment for upper extremity motor function (FMA-UE) was used as the primary outcome. The secondary outcomes were the Functional Test for the Hemiplegic Upper Extremity (FTHUE-HK), Hand Function Rating Scale, Brunnstrom Stages, and Barthel Index scores for motor and daily functions. All the participants completed the trial without any side effects or adverse events during the intervention. After 4 weeks of intervention, the functions of the upper limbs on the hemiplegic side in both groups achieved significant recovery. Compared to the control group, all evaluation indices used in this trial were improved significantly in the UG-MNES group after 2 and 4 weeks of intervention; particularly, the first intervention of UG-MNES immediately improved all the assessment items significantly. In conclusion, the UG-MNES is a safe and feasible treatment for stroke patients with upper limb extremity impairments and could significantly improve the motor function of the affected upper limb, especially in the first intervention. The UG-MNES could be an effective alternative intervention for stroke with upper limb extremity impairments.

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Li, Chunyan, Timothy G. White, Kevin A. Shah, Wayne Chaung, Keren Powell, Ping Wang, Henry H. Woo, and Raj K. Narayan. "Percutaneous Trigeminal Nerve Stimulation Induces Cerebral Vasodilation in a Dose-Dependent Manner." Neurosurgery 88, no. 6 (March 2, 2021): E529—E536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuros/nyab053.

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Abstract BACKGROUND The trigeminal nerve directly innervates key vascular structures both centrally and peripherally. Centrally, it is known to innervate the brainstem and cavernous sinus, whereas peripherally the trigemino-cerebrovascular network innervates the majority of the cerebral vasculature. Upon stimulation, it permits direct modulation of cerebral blood flow (CBF), making the trigeminal nerve a promising target for the management of cerebral vasospasm. However, trigeminally mediated cerebral vasodilation has not been applied to the treatment of vasospasm. OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of percutaneous electrical stimulation of the infraorbital branch of the trigeminal nerve (pTNS) on the cerebral vasculature. METHODS In order to determine the stimulus-response function of pTNS on cerebral vasodilation, CBF, arterial blood pressure, cerebrovascular resistance, intracranial pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure, cerebrospinal fluid calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) concentrations, and the diameter of cerebral vessels were measured in healthy and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) rats. RESULTS The present study demonstrates, for the first time, that pTNS increases brain CGRP concentrations in a dose-dependent manner, thereby producing controllable cerebral vasodilation. This vasodilatory response appears to be independent of the pressor response induced by pTNS, as it is maintained even after transection of the spinal cord at the C5-C6 level and shown to be confined to the infraorbital nerve by administration of lidocaine or destroying it. Furthermore, such pTNS-induced vasodilatory response of cerebral vessels is retained after SAH-induced vasospasm. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that pTNS is a promising vasodilator and increases CBF, cerebral perfusion, and CGRP concentration both in normal and vasoconstrictive conditions.

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