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1

Hirsch, Micah E., Kaitlin L. Lansford, Tyson S. Barrett, and Stephanie A. Borrie. "Generalized Learning of Dysarthric Speech Between Male and Female Talkers." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 64, no. 2 (2021): 444–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-20-00313.

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Purpose Perceptual training is a listener-targeted means for improving intelligibility of dysarthric speech. Recent work has shown that training with one talker generalizes to a novel talker of the same sex and that the magnitude of benefit is maximized when the talkers are perceptually similar. The current study expands previous findings by investigating whether perceptual training effects generalize between talkers of different sex. Method Forty new listeners were recruited for this study and completed a pretest, familiarization, and posttest perceptual training paradigm. Historical data col
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Chui, Yin-To, Susu Lai, and Zhen Qin. "Distributional learning of non-native tone contrasts by older adults after training and overnight consolidation." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 155, no. 3_Supplement (2024): A269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0027457.

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Despite decline in psychoacoustic and statistical learning (SL) abilities, older adults demonstrate remarkably intact perceptual learning in both L2 (tone-word learning) and L1 settings (perceptual adaptation to accented/noise-vocoded speech) but show limited transfer of learning to untrained stimuli. This study tests whether perceptual learning is maintained in an implicit statistical learning task where older adults learn L2 tonal contrasts through exposure to probability distributions of tonal tokens, which may pose higher requirements on both psychoacoustic and SL abilities, and whether sl
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Faubert, Jocelyn, and Lee Sidebottom. "Perceptual-Cognitive Training of Athletes." Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology 6, no. 1 (2012): 85–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jcsp.6.1.85.

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This present article discusses an approach to training high-level athletes’ perceptual-cognitive skills. The intention herein is to (a) introduce concepts in regard to what may be required by athletes to optimally process sports-related visual scenes at the perceptual-cognitive level; (b) present an experimental method of how it may be possible to train this capacity in athletes while discussing the necessary features for a successful perceptual-cognitive training outcome; and (c) propose that this capacity may be trainable even among the highest-level athletes. An important suggestion is that
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Dong, Xiaoyi, Jianmin Bao, Ting Zhang, et al. "PeCo: Perceptual Codebook for BERT Pre-training of Vision Transformers." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 37, no. 1 (2023): 552–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i1.25130.

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This paper explores a better prediction target for BERT pre-training of vision transformers. We observe that current prediction targets disagree with human perception judgment. This contradiction motivates us to learn a perceptual prediction target. We argue that perceptually similar images should stay close to each other in the prediction target space. We surprisingly find one simple yet effective idea: enforcing perceptual similarity during the dVAE training. Moreover, we adopt a self-supervised transformer model for deep feature extraction and show that it works well for calculating percept
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Walker, Neff, Arthur D. Fisk, Donita Phipps, and Alex Kirlik. "Training Perceptual-Rule Based Skills." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 38, no. 18 (1994): 1178–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129403801807.

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The results of an experiment are discussed that address how best to train perceptual-rule based skills within a domain where rules correlate to perceptual aspects of a dynamic evolving environment. Participants performed the role of football quarterback where the object of the task was to learn to identify the correct pass receiver in a simulated football system. The correct receiver could always be specified by a set of rules or subtle perceptual cues. Subjects were assigned to one of four training groups which were constructed by complete crossing of rule versus no rule learning and visual e
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Schuster, David, Javier Rivera, Brittany C. Sellers, Stephen M. Fiore, and Florian Jentsch. "Perceptual training for visual search." Ergonomics 56, no. 7 (2013): 1101–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2013.790481.

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7

Lynch, William. "Computer-assisted visual-perceptual training." Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation 4, no. 2 (1989): 75–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001199-198906000-00014.

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8

Huensch, Amanda. "Perceptual phonetic training improves production in larger discourse contexts." Journal of Second Language Pronunciation 2, no. 2 (2016): 183–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jslp.2.2.03hue.

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Perceptual training can lead to improvements in production which generalize to new words and talkers. This study investigated the effects of perceptual training on productions in larger discourse contexts of continuous speech, and additionally examined whether training generalized to a new syllable structure and across grammatical domains. Participants included Korean L2 learners of English in a pretest-training-posttest design. An experimental group completed perceptual training on singleton coda palatals, and a control group completed training on an unrelated target. Results indicated that p
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Bernstein, Lynne E., Edward T. Auer, and Silvio P. Eberhardt. "During Lipreading Training With Sentence Stimuli, Feedback Controls Learning and Generalization to Audiovisual Speech in Noise." American Journal of Audiology 31, no. 1 (2022): 57–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2021_aja-21-00034.

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Purpose: This study investigated the effects of external feedback on perceptual learning of visual speech during lipreading training with sentence stimuli. The goal was to improve visual-only (VO) speech recognition and increase accuracy of audiovisual (AV) speech recognition in noise. The rationale was that spoken word recognition depends on the accuracy of sublexical (phonemic/phonetic) speech perception; effective feedback during training must support sublexical perceptual learning. Method: Normal-hearing (NH) adults were assigned to one of three types of feedback: Sentence feedback was the
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10

Lansford, Kaitlin L., Stephanie A. Borrie, and Tyson S. Barrett. "Regularity Matters: Unpredictable Speech Degradation Inhibits Adaptation to Dysarthric Speech." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 62, no. 12 (2019): 4282–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2019_jslhr-19-00055.

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Purpose Listener-targeted perceptual training paradigms, which leverage the mechanism of perceptual learning, show strong promise for improving intelligibility in dysarthria, offsetting the communicative burden from the speaker onto the listener. Theoretical models of perceptual learning underscore the importance of acoustic regularity (i.e., signal predictability) for listener adaptation to degraded speech. The purpose of the current investigation was to evaluate intelligibility outcomes following perceptual training with hyperkinetic dysarthria, a subtype characterized by reduced signal pred
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Tzuriel, David. "Transfer Effects of Teaching Conceptual Versus Perceptual Analogies." Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology 6, no. 2 (2007): 194–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/194589507787382232.

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The study’s main objective was to investigate the transfer effects of training in one type of analogies (conceptual versus perceptual) on performance of the second type. A sample of 396 kindergarten children (mean age = 5:8 years) were randomly assigned to three experimental (E1, E2, E3) and one control group. Groups E1 and E2 received training in either conceptual (n = 118) or perceptual analogies (n = 121), respectively. Training included encoding, inference, mapping, application, and response. Group E3 (n = 93) was trained only in the relation between the analogy terms A : B and the control
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Caserta, Ryan J., Jessica Young, and Christopher M. Janelle. "Old Dogs, New Tricks: Training the Perceptual Skills of Senior Tennis Players." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 29, no. 4 (2007): 479–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.29.4.479.

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The purpose of the study was to determine whether multidimensional perceptual-cognitive skills training, including situational awareness, anticipation, and decision making, improves on-court performance in older adults when compared with a physical training program, including stroke and footwork development. Senior tennis players (N = 27) were randomly assigned to one of three groups: perceptual-cognitive skills training, technique-footwork training, or no training. Results indicated that participants receiving perceptual-cognitive skills training had significantly faster response speeds, high
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Kabakoff, Heather, Julia Kharlamenko, Erika S. Levy, and Susannah V. Levi. "Differences in perceptual assimilation following training." JASA Express Letters 1, no. 4 (2021): 045201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0003863.

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Cronin, A. F. "Visual/Perceptual Diagnostic Testing and Training." American Journal of Occupational Therapy 41, no. 12 (1987): 833–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5014/ajot.41.12.833b.

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Kellman, Philip J., and Mary K. Kaiser. "Perceptual Learning Modules in Flight Training." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 38, no. 18 (1994): 1183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129403801808.

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Differences between novices and experts in many piloting skills may be due to perceptual learning. Sufficient exposure to relevant stimulus variation produces more efficient information extraction, processing of higher-order patterns, and automaticity. Isolating and condensing relevant perceptual experience in part-task environments might accelerate training. Here we report initial studies of two prototype perceptual learning modules (PLMs) for flight training. Subjects were either experienced (500-2500 hour) civil aviators or non-pilots. In the Visual Navigation PLM, subjects received brief i
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Kharlamenko, Julia, Heather M. Kabakoff, Erika Levy, and Susannah V. Levi. "Changes to perceptual assimilation following training." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 145, no. 3 (2019): 1827. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.5101678.

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Baluch, F., and L. Itti. "Effects of training on perceptual salience." Journal of Vision 8, no. 6 (2010): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/8.6.473.

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Dina, George, Liliana Dina, and Gabriel Popescu. "Perceptual Models in Voleyball Players Training." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 93 (October 2013): 2114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.10.175.

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19

Banerjee, Soham, Trafton Drew, Megan K. Mills, and William F. Auffermann. "Perceptual training: learning versus attentional shift." Journal of Medical Imaging 7, no. 02 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.jmi.7.2.022407.

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Ahissar, Merav, Roni Laiwand, and Shaul Hochstein. "Attentional Demands Following Perceptual Skill Training." Psychological Science 12, no. 1 (2001): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.00310.

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Davies-Thompson, Jodie, Kimberley Fletcher, Charlotte Hills, Raika Pancaroglu, Sherryse L. Corrow, and Jason J. S. Barton. "Perceptual Learning of Faces: A Rehabilitative Study of Acquired Prosopagnosia." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 29, no. 3 (2017): 573–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01063.

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Despite many studies of acquired prosopagnosia, there have been only a few attempts at its rehabilitation, all in single cases, with a variety of mnemonic or perceptual approaches, and of variable efficacy. In a cohort with acquired prosopagnosia, we evaluated a perceptual learning program that incorporated variations in view and expression, which was aimed at training perceptual stages of face processing with an emphasis on ecological validity. Ten patients undertook an 11-week face training program and an 11-week control task. Training required shape discrimination between morphed facial ima
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Zanesco, Anthony P., Brandon G. King, Chivon Powers, et al. "Modulation of Event-related Potentials of Visual Discrimination by Meditation Training and Sustained Attention." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 31, no. 8 (2019): 1184–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01419.

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The ability to discriminate among goal-relevant stimuli tends to diminish when detections must be made continuously over time. Previously, we reported that intensive training in shamatha (focused-attention) meditation can improve perceptual discrimination of difficult-to-detect visual stimuli [MacLean, K. A., Ferrer, E., Aichele, S. R., Bridwell, D. A., Zanesco, A. P., Jacobs, T. L., et al. Intensive meditation training improves perceptual discrimination and sustained attention. Psychological Science, 21, 829–839, 2010]. Here we extend these findings to examine how discrimination difficulty an
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Guggenmos, Matthias, Marcus Rothkirch, Klaus Obermayer, John-Dylan Haynes, and Philipp Sterzer. "A Hippocampal Signature of Perceptual Learning in Object Recognition." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 27, no. 4 (2015): 787–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00735.

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Perceptual learning is the improvement in perceptual performance through training or exposure. Here, we used fMRI before and after extensive behavioral training to investigate the effects of perceptual learning on the recognition of objects under challenging viewing conditions. Objects belonged either to trained or untrained categories. Trained categories were further subdivided into trained and untrained exemplars and were coupled with high or low monetary rewards during training. After a 3-day training, object recognition was markedly improved. Although there was a considerable transfer of l
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Erbes, Sabine, and Georg Michelson. "Stereoscopic Visual Perceptual Learning in Seniors." Geriatrics 6, no. 3 (2021): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics6030094.

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Background: We showed that seniors can improve their stereoscopic ability (stereoacuity) and corresponding reaction time with repetitive training and, furthermore, that these improvements through training are still present even after a longer period of time without training. Methods: Eleven seniors (average age: 85.90 years) trained twice a week for six weeks with dynamic stereoscopic perception training using a vision training apparatus (c-Digital Vision Trainer®). Stereoscopic training was performed in 12 training session (n = 3072) of visual tasks. The task was to identify and select one of
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Rago, Vincenzo, João Brito, Pedro Figueiredo, Peter Krustrup, and António Rebelo. "Relationship between External Load and Perceptual Responses to Training in Professional Football: Effects of Quantification Method." Sports 7, no. 3 (2019): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports7030068.

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We examined the within-player correlation between external training load (ETL) and perceptual responses to training in a professional male football team (n = 13 outfield players) over an eight-week competitive period. ETL was collected using 10-Hz GPS, whereas perceptual responses were accessed through rating of perceived exertion (RPE) questionnaires. Moderate-speed running (MSR), high-speed running (HSR) and sprinting were defined using arbitrary (fixed) and individualised speed zones (based on maximal aerobic speed and maximal sprinting speed). When ETL was expressed as actual distance cove
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Lansford, Kaitlin L., Stephanie A. Borrie, Tyson S. Barrett, and Cassidy Flechaus. "When Additional Training Isn't Enough: Further Evidence That Unpredictable Speech Inhibits Adaptation." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 63, no. 6 (2020): 1700–1711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00380.

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Purpose Robust improvements in intelligibility following familiarization, a listener-targeted perceptual training paradigm, have been revealed for talkers diagnosed with spastic, ataxic, and hypokinetic dysarthria but not for talkers with hyperkinetic dysarthria. While the theoretical explanation for the lack of intelligibility improvement following training with hyperkinetic talkers is that there is insufficient distributional regularity in the speech signals to support perceptual adaptation, it could simply be that the standard training protocol was inadequate to facilitate learning of the u
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Wong, Denise Wai-Man, Roger W. Chan, and Chia-Hsin Wu. "Effect of Training With Anchors on Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Dysphonia in Speech-Language Pathology Students." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 64, no. 4 (2021): 1136–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-20-00214.

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Purpose Auditory-perceptual evaluation is essential for the clinical assessment of voice disorders. Unstable perceptual voice evaluation has been shown for inexperienced listeners as compared to expert listeners. We examined the effects of perceptual training with external auditory anchors with and without immediate feedback on the evaluation of roughness and breathiness of natural, nonsynthesized speech stimuli (reading of a standard passage) in speech-language pathology students. Method Perceptual voice evaluation and training with anchors using a visual analog scale was implemented with a c
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Lakshminarayanan, Kala, and Paula Tallal. "Generalization of non-linguistic auditory perceptual training to syllable discrimination." Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience 25, no. 3-4 (2007): 263–72. https://doi.org/10.3233/rnn-2007-253409.

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Purpose: The generalization of non-linguistic auditory perceptual training to syllable discrimination was investigated in two experiments. Methods: Participants were divided into a control and training group. Both groups came for pre and post-testing sessions spaced ten days apart. Following pre- testing, the training group also participated for five consecutive days in non-linguistic auditory perceptual training. Training was adaptive and involved active sequencing of rising and falling frequency modulated sweeps for 30 minutes per day. Sweeps were passively varied in onset frequency, duratio
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Lu, Shuang, Ratree Wayland, and Edith Kaan. "Comparison of perceptual training and production training on tone identification." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 134, no. 5 (2013): 4250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4831638.

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Caras, Melissa L., and Dan H. Sanes. "Top-down modulation of sensory cortex gates perceptual learning." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 37 (2017): 9972–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1712305114.

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Practice sharpens our perceptual judgments, a process known as perceptual learning. Although several brain regions and neural mechanisms have been proposed to support perceptual learning, formal tests of causality are lacking. Furthermore, the temporal relationship between neural and behavioral plasticity remains uncertain. To address these issues, we recorded the activity of auditory cortical neurons as gerbils trained on a sound detection task. Training led to improvements in cortical and behavioral sensitivity that were closely matched in terms of magnitude and time course. Surprisingly, th
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Romeas, Thomas, Romain Chaumillon, David Labbé, and Jocelyn Faubert. "Combining 3D-MOT With Sport Decision-Making for Perceptual-Cognitive Training in Virtual Reality." Perceptual and Motor Skills 126, no. 5 (2019): 922–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0031512519860286.

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This study introduces a virtual life-sized perceptual-cognitive training paradigm that combines three-dimensional multiple object tracking (3D-MOT) with motor (Experiment 1) or perceptual (Experiment 2) sport decision-making tasks. We sought to assess the impact of training on task performance and determine optimal training conditions for improvement and learning. Fifty-seven participants were randomly assigned to one of four training conditions (isolated 3D-MOT, 3D-MOT combined with a decision-making task, consolidated 3D-MOT later combined with a decision-making task, and isolated decision-m
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Szpiro, Sarit F. A., Charlie S. Burlingham, Eero P. Simoncelli, and Marisa Carrasco. "Perceptual learning improves discrimination but does not reduce distortions in appearance." PLOS Computational Biology 21, no. 4 (2025): e1012980. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012980.

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Human perceptual sensitivity often improves with training, a phenomenon known as “perceptual learning.” Another important perceptual dimension is appearance, the subjective sense of stimulus magnitude. Are training-induced improvements in sensitivity accompanied by more accurate appearance? Here, we examined this question by measuring both discrimination (sensitivity) and estimation (appearance) responses to near-horizontal motion directions, which are known to be repulsed away from horizontal. Participants performed discrimination and estimation tasks before and after training in either the d
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Kumari, Ranjita, Sukhan Lee, Jonghwan Shin, and Soojin Lee. "Effect of Perceptual Training with Sound-Guided and Kinesthetic Feedback on Human 3D Sound Localization Capabilities." Sensors 23, no. 11 (2023): 5023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23115023.

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In this paper, we experimentally investigate how the 3D sound localization capabilities of the blind can improve through perceptual training. To this end, we develop a novel perceptual training method with sound-guided feedback and kinesthetic assistance to evaluate its effectiveness compared to conventional training methods. In perceptual training, we exclude visual perception by blindfolding the subjects to apply the proposed method to the visually impaired. Subjects used a specially designed pointing stick to generate a sound at the tip, indicating localization error and tip position. The p
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Walker, Bruce N., and Michael A. Nees. "Conceptual versus Perceptual Training for Auditory Graphs." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 49, no. 17 (2005): 1598–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120504901721.

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A study examined different types of brief training for performance of a point estimation task with a sonified graph of quantitative data. For a given trial, participants estimated the price of a stock at a randomly selected hour of a 10-hour trading day as displayed by an auditory graph of the stock price. Sixty Georgia Tech undergraduate students completed a pre-test, an experimental training session, and a post-test for the point estimation task. In an extension of Smith and Walker (in press), a highly conceptual, task analysisderived method of training was examined along with training parad
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Wang, Wu, Jiajia Yang, Yinghua Yu, et al. "Tactile angle discriminability improvement: roles of training time intervals and different types of training tasks." Journal of Neurophysiology 122, no. 5 (2019): 1918–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00161.2019.

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Perceptual learning, which is not limited to sensory modalities such as vision and touch, emerges within a training session and between training sessions and is accompanied by the remodeling of neural connections in the cortex. However, limited knowledge exists regarding perceptual learning between training sessions. Although tactile studies have paid attention to between-session learning effects, there have been few studies asking fundamental questions regarding whether the time interval between training sessions affects tactile perceptual learning and generalization across tactile tasks. We
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Olmstead, Anne J., Navin Viswanathan, Jacqueline M. Albor, and Olivia A. Billetdeaux. "Perceptual training affects linguistic release from masking." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 151, no. 4 (2022): A276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0011323.

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Understanding speech in noisy conditions is a problem faced by all listeners. Previous studies have shown that listeners understand target speech better when background speech (masker) is in a different language. This is called Linguistic Release from Masking (LRM). In the current study, we examined whether training on identifying speech in noisy conditions can modulate LRM. In a pre-test/training/post-test design, 60 monolingual American English listeners transcribed English sentences presented in noisy backgrounds. In the pre-test and post-test, all listeners transcribed sentences presented
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Schatz, Sae, Robert Wray, Jeremiah Folsom-Kovarik, and Denise Nicholson. "Adaptive Perceptual Training in a Virtual Environment." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 56, no. 1 (2012): 2472–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181312561503.

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Parsons, Brendan, Tara Magill, Alexandra Boucher, et al. "Enhancing Cognitive Function Using Perceptual-Cognitive Training." Clinical EEG and Neuroscience 47, no. 1 (2014): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550059414563746.

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Rhee, J., T. Konkle, T. Brady, and G. Alvarez. "Does memory enhancement training alter perceptual representations?" Journal of Vision 12, no. 9 (2012): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/12.9.299.

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Legault, Isabelle, and Jocelyn Faubert. "Perceptual-cognitive training improves biological motion perception." NeuroReport 23, no. 8 (2012): 469–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/wnr.0b013e328353e48a.

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Searston, Rachel A., and Jason M. Tangen. "Training perceptual experts: Feedback, labels, and contrasts." Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale 71, no. 1 (2017): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/cep0000124.

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Ryu, Donghyun, David L. Mann, Bruce Abernethy, and Jamie M. Poolton. "Gaze-contingent training enhances perceptual skill acquisition." Journal of Vision 16, no. 2 (2016): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/16.2.2.

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Jackson, R. C., and D. Farrow. "Implicit perceptual training: How, when, and why?" Human Movement Science 24, no. 3 (2005): 308–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2005.06.003.

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Hagemann, Norbert, Bernd Strauss, and Rouwen Cañal-Bruland. "Training Perceptual Skill by Orienting Visual Attention." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 28, no. 2 (2006): 143–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.28.2.143.

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A major element in expert sports performance, particularly racket-and-ball games, is excellent anticipatory skill. A prestudy combined the temporal and spatial occlusion paradigms to ascertain which key stimuli badminton players use for anticipating the direction of overhead shots. The main study then evaluated a program for training anticipatory skills; 200 video clips were employed to orient attention toward these key stimuli. Participants were 63 badminton novices, 20 national league players, and 21 local league players. A transparent red patch (exogenous orienting) was used to orient atten
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Rosedahl, Luke, and Takeo Watanabe. "Perceptual learning: Training together makes us better." Current Biology 33, no. 12 (2023): R681—R684. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2023.05.030.

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Wilson, Phillip H., David Strutton, and M. Theodore Farris. "Investigating the Perceptual Aspect of Sales Training." Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management 22, no. 2 (2002): 77–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/08853134.2002.10754296.

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Tanaka, James W., Tim Curran, and David L. Sheinberg. "The Training and Transfer of Real-World Perceptual Expertise." Psychological Science 16, no. 2 (2005): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0956-7976.2005.00795.x.

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A hallmark of perceptual expertise is that experts classify objects at a more specific, subordinate level of abstraction than novices. To what extent does subordinate-level learning contribute to the transfer of perceptual expertise to novel exemplars and novel categories? In this study, participants learned to classify 10 varieties of wading birds and 10 varieties of owls at either the subordinate, species (e.g., “great blue crown heron,” “eastern screech owl”) or the family (“wading bird,” “owl”) level of abstraction. During training, the amount of visual exposure was equated such that parti
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Chan, Karen M. K., and Edwin M.-L. Yiu. "The Effect of Anchors and Training on the Reliability of Perceptual Voice Evaluation." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 45, no. 1 (2002): 111–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2002/009).

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Perceptual voice evaluation is a common clinical tool for rating the severity of vocal quality impairment. However, the evaluation process involves subjective judgment, and reliability is therefore a major issue that needs to be considered. When listeners are asked to judge the quality of a voice signal, they use their own internal standards as the references. These internal standards can be variable, as different individuals may have acquired different standards in prior situations. In order to improve the reliability of the perceptual voice evaluation process, external anchors and training a
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Darainy, Mohammad, Shahabeddin Vahdat, and David J. Ostry. "Perceptual learning in sensorimotor adaptation." Journal of Neurophysiology 110, no. 9 (2013): 2152–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00439.2013.

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Motor learning often involves situations in which the somatosensory targets of movement are, at least initially, poorly defined, as for example, in learning to speak or learning the feel of a proper tennis serve. Under these conditions, motor skill acquisition presumably requires perceptual as well as motor learning. That is, it engages both the progressive shaping of sensory targets and associated changes in motor performance. In the present study, we test the idea that perceptual learning alters somatosensory function and in so doing produces changes to human motor performance and sensorimot
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Wolfe, Virginia I., David P. Martin, and Chester I. Palmer. "Perception of Dysphonic Voice Quality by Naive Listeners." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 43, no. 3 (2000): 697–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4303.697.

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For clinical assessment as well as student training, there is a need for information pertaining to the perceptual dimensions of dysphonic voice. To this end, 24 naive listeners judged the similarity of 10 female and 10 male vowel samples, selected from within a narrow range of fundamental frequencies. Most of the perceptual variance for both sets of voices was associated with "degree of abnormality" as reflected by perceptual ratings as well as combined acoustic measures, based upon filtered and unfiltered signals. A second perceptual dimension for female voices was associated with high freque
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