Journal articles: 'Perceptual-motor processes'

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Lorist, Monicque M., and Jan Snel. "Caffeine effects on perceptual and motor processes." Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 102, no. 5 (May 1997): 401–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-884x(97)95729-5.

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Tresilian, James R. "Perceptual and motor processes in interceptive timing." Human Movement Science 13, no. 3-4 (August 1994): 335–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-9457(94)90045-0.

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NASSAUER, KATHARINE W., and JEFFREY M. HALPERIN. "Dissociation of perceptual and motor inhibition processes through the use of novel computerized conflict tasks." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 9, no. 1 (January 2003): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617703910034.

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Efficient behavioral functioning requires early perceptual inhibition of irrelevant stimuli and later motor inhibition of inappropriate responses. The Perceptual and Motor Conflict Tasks were developed to differentially assess perceptual and motor inhibition, and to determine whether these processes utilize separate or shared cognitive resources. The computerized tasks include six subtests involving a box or an arrow appearing in various locations. Subjects respond by pressing a key on the left or right side of a keyboard. In different subtests, arrow direction or stimulus location determines correct responses. Perceptual inhibition assessment requires the subject to respond to a conflicting arrow direction while ignoring stimulus location. Motor inhibition assessment involves the subject responding in the direction opposite to that indicated by a centrally located arrow. In a neurologically normal sample (N = 44), reaction time analyses yielded significant Perceptual and Motor Conflict main effects, with slower performance under conflict conditions, but no significant Perceptual × Motor interaction. The lack of a significant Perceptual × Motor interaction, according to the additive factor model, indicates that these two processes utilize distinct cognitive resources. Nevertheless, performance on the two conflict tasks was significantly correlated with each other, and Perceptual Conflict performance was significantly correlated with Stroop interference. (JINS, 2003, 9, 25–30.)

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Verdolini-Marston, Katherine, and David A. Balota. "Role of elaborative and perceptual integrative processes in perceptual-motor performance." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 20, no. 3 (1994): 739–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.20.3.739.

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Rüsseler, Jascha, Erwin Hennighausen, and Frank Rösler. "Response Anticipation Processes in the Learning of a Sensorimotor Sequence." Journal of Psychophysiology 15, no. 2 (April 2001): 95–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027//0269-8803.15.2.95.

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Abstract We investigated the contribution of motor processes to implicit and explicit serial learning by means of event-related brain potentials. An otherwise predictable sequence of S-R pairs was occasionally interrupted by stimuli that violated either the stimulus or the response sequence (perceptual or motor deviants). After performing the task, participants were asked to recall as much of the sequence as possible. On the basis of these free recall results, two groups of subjects (explicit and implicit learners) were formed. Reaction time was prolonged for motor deviants but not for perceptual deviants, which violated the predictable sequence of stimulus locations. Early activation in the lateralized readiness potential (LRP) for standard stimuli and an activation of the expected but incorrect response for deviants violating the response sequence indicate the contribution of motor processes to serial learning. ERPs did not show any learning-related changes. Furthermore, in all dependent measures no differences between explicit and implicit learners were observed. The results are at variance with previous claims that serial learning is a purely perceptual process.

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Leech, Kristan A., Kevin A. Day, Ryan T. Roemmich, and Amy J. Bastian. "Movement and perception recalibrate differently across multiple days of locomotor learning." Journal of Neurophysiology 120, no. 4 (October 1, 2018): 2130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00355.2018.

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Learning a new movement through error-based adaptation leads to recalibration of movement and altered perception of that movement. Although presumed to be closely related, the relationship between adaptation-based motor and perceptual changes is not well understood. Here we investigated the changes in motor behavior and leg speed perception over 5 days of split-belt treadmill adaptation. We specifically wanted to know if changes in the perceptual domain would demonstrate savings-like behavior (i.e., less recalibration with more practice) and if these changes would parallel the savings observed in the motor domain. We found that the recalibration of leg speed perception decreased across days of training, indicating savings-like behavior in this domain. However, we observed that the magnitude of savings across days was different between motor and perceptual domains. These findings suggest a degree of independence between the motor and perceptual processes that occur with locomotor adaptation. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Error-based adaptation learning drives changes in movement and perception of movement. Are these changes across domains linked or simply coincidental? Here, we studied changes in movement and perception across 5 days of repeated locomotor adaptation. Savings-like behavior in the motor and perceptual domains developed with different magnitudes and over different timescales, leading us to conclude that motor and perceptual processes operate at least somewhat independently during locomotor adaptation.

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Tolkacheva, Anastasiya, and Ksenia Belogai. "Sensorimotor and Perceptual Processes in Children of Primary School Age with Multiple Developmental Disorders." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. Series: Humanities and Social Sciences 2022, no. 3 (October 12, 2022): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2542-1840-2022-6-3-163-171.

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The article focuses on sensorimotor and perceptual processes in primary school children with multiple developmental disorders. The study involved 40 children aged 9–11 with multiple developmental issues. All the participants studied at the Secondary School of Psychological and Pedagogical Support No. 101 (Kemerovo, Russia). The experiment relied on the method developed by N. I. Ozeretskiy and M. O. Gurevich as the main diagnostic tool. The method combines a set of diagnostic tasks aimed at measuring the level of motor and perceptual development in children. The experimental study also included elements of the neuropsychological approach. The authors designed and conducted a series of practice sessions on the development of sensorimotor and perceptual processes. The neuropsychological exercises developed purposeful voluntary actions with objects and materials, improved available sensory experience, increased visual-motor coordination, sharpened the ability to navigate in various physical environments, and improved body control. They facilitated the compensation of residual reflexes, as well as the development of speech and general motor rhythmization. The exercises involved orthopedic mats, massage balls, tasks on visual-motor perception and integration, Balametrics cerebellar stimulation, etc. Statistic results showed a positive trend in the sensorimotor and perceptual processes, except for complex forms of space and time perception.

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GERMAIN, SOPHIE, and FABIENNE COLLETTE. "Dissociation of perceptual and motor inhibitory processes in young and elderly participants using the Simon task." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 14, no. 6 (October 27, 2008): 1014–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135561770808123x.

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AbstractDeficits in inhibitory abilities are frequently observed in normal aging. However, few studies have explored the generality of these deficits in a single group of participants. Here, we used an adaptation of the Simon task to differentially assess perceptual and motor inhibition using the same stimuli and task design and to determine whether these processes use separate or shared cognitive resources. We were interested in determining whether (1) normal aging is associated with the use of separate (as previously evidenced in young participants) or similar cognitive resources to perform perceptual and motor inhibition tasks; (2) older participants present a specific impairment in one of these two processes. Analyses of reaction times indicated that motor and perceptual inhibitory processes share some cognitive resources and both are impaired in normal aging. These results can be interpreted by considering that a dedifferentiation process is responsible for the inhibitory deficits presented by older participants. (JINS, 2008, 14, 1014–1021.)

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Solman, Grayden J. F., Nicholas Wu, J. Allan Cheyne, and Daniel Smilek. "In Manually-Assisted Search, Perception Supervises Rather Than Directs Action." Experimental Psychology 60, no. 4 (April 1, 2013): 243–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000193.

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During manually-assisted search, where participants must actively manipulate search items, it has been reported that participants will often select and move the target of search itself without recognizing it (Solman et al., 2012a). In two experiments we explore the hypothesis that this error results from a naturally-arising strategy that decouples perception and action during search, enabling motor interactions with items to outpace the speed of perceptual analysis. In Experiment 1, we report that the error is prevalent for both mouse and touch-screen interaction modes, and is uninfluenced by speeding or slowing instructions – ruling out these task-specific details as causes of the error. In Experiment 2 we manipulate motor speed, and show that reducing the speed of individual movements during search leads to a reduction in error rates. These findings support the conclusion that the error results from incoordination between motor and perceptual processes, with motor processes outpacing perceptual abilities.

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Shin, Jacqueline C., and David A. Rosenbaum. "Reaching while calculating: Scheduling of cognitive and perceptual-motor processes." Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 131, no. 2 (2002): 206–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.131.2.206.

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Basirat, Anahita, Jean-Luc Schwartz, and Marc Sato. "Perceptuo-motor interactions in the perceptual organization of speech: evidence from the verbal transformation effect." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 367, no. 1591 (April 5, 2012): 965–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0374.

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The verbal transformation effect (VTE) refers to perceptual switches while listening to a speech sound repeated rapidly and continuously. It is a specific case of perceptual multistability providing a rich paradigm for studying the processes underlying the perceptual organization of speech. While the VTE has been mainly considered as a purely auditory effect, this paper presents a review of recent behavioural and neuroimaging studies investigating the role of perceptuo-motor interactions in the effect. Behavioural data show that articulatory constraints and visual information from the speaker's articulatory gestures can influence verbal transformations. In line with these data, functional magnetic resonance imaging and intracranial electroencephalography studies demonstrate that articulatory-based representations play a key role in the emergence and the stabilization of speech percepts during a verbal transformation task. Overall, these results suggest that perceptuo (multisensory)-motor processes are involved in the perceptual organization of speech and the formation of speech perceptual objects.

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Cardoso-Leite, Pedro, and Andrei Gorea. "Comparison of Perceptual and Motor Decisions Via Confidence Judgments and Saccade Curvature." Journal of Neurophysiology 101, no. 6 (June 2009): 2822–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.91269.2008.

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This study investigated the effects on perceptual and motor decisions of low-contrast distractors, presented 5° on the left and/or the right of the fixation point. Perceptual decisions were assessed with a yes/no (distractor) detection task. Motor decisions were assessed via these distractors' effects on the trajectory of an impending saccade to a distinct imperative stimulus, presented 10° above fixation 50 ms after the distractor(s). Saccade curvature models postulate that distractors activate loci on a motor map that evoke reflexive saccades and that the distractor evoked activity is inhibited to prevent reflexive orienting to the cost of causing a saccade curvature away from the distractor. Depending on whether or not each of these processes depends on perceptual detection, one can predict the relationships between saccades' curvature and perceptual responses (classified as correct rejections, misses, false alarms, and hits). The results show that saccades curve away from distractors only when observers report them to be present. Furthermore, saccade deviation is correlated (on a trial-by-trial basis) with the inferred internal response associated with the perceptual report: the stronger the distractor-evoked perceptual response, the more saccades deviate away from the distractor. Also in contrast with a supersensitive motor system, perceptual sensitivity is systematically higher than the motor sensitivity derived from the distributions of the saccades' curvatures. Finally, when both distractors are present (and straight saccades are expected), the sign of saccades' curvature is correlated with observers' perceptual bias/criterion. Overall the results point to a strong perceptual-motor association.

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Lage, Guilherme M., Lidiane A. Fernandes, Tércio Apolinário-Souza, Nathálya G. H. M. Nogueira, and Bárbara P. Ferreira. "Mini-Review: practice organization beyond memory processes." Brazilian Journal of Motor Behavior 15, no. 5 (December 1, 2021): 333–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.20338/bjmb.v15i5.259.

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Background: The benefits of variable practice in motor learning have been traditionally explained by the increased demand for memory processes induced by trial-to-trial changes. Recently, a new perspective associating increased demand for perception with variable practice has emerged. Aim: This revision aims to present and discuss the findings in this exciting topic newly opened. Results / Interpretation: In the second half of 2010’s, a number of studies have pointed out differences in perceptual processing when compared variable and repetitive practices. Different levels of (a) hemodynamic activation, (b) electroencephalographic activity, (c) neurochemical activity, and (d) oculomotor behavior have provided evidence that perceptual processes are affected differently by variable and repetitive practices.

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Redfern, Mark S., April J. Chambers, Patrick J. Sparto, Joseph M. Furman, and J. Richard Jennings. "Perceptual Inhibition Associated with Sensory Integration for Balance in Older Adults." Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 46, no. 5-6 (2018): 266–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000493748.

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Aims: Inhibition associated with perception has been implicated in sensory integration processes for balance when sensory conflict occurs. The current study examines the associations of three measures of inhibition (perceptual inhibition, motor inhibition, and Stroop interference) with standing balance under sensory conflict conditions in younger and older adults. Methods: Perceptual inhibition, motor inhibition, and Stroop interference were measured in younger and older subjects. Standing balance under conditions of sensory conflict was evaluated using a modified dynamic posturography protocol. Correlative analysis was performed to examine the associations between the inhibition measures and sway. Results: In older adults only, perceptual inhibition was correlated with sway when sensory conflict was present. Stroop interference and motor inhibition were not significantly correlated with sway under any posturography conditions. Conclusion: Measures of perceptual inhibition are associated with reduced sensory integration capability for balance during sensory conflict conditions in older adults.

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Ferber, Susanne, and Linda J. Murray. "Are perceptual judgments dissociated from motor processes?—A prism adaptation study." Cognitive Brain Research 23, no. 2-3 (May 2005): 453–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2004.11.007.

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Ibrahimi, Danjela, Jorge D. Mendiola Santibañez, and Juvenal Rodríguez-Reséndiz. "Visual Performance and Perceptual–Motor Skills of Late Preterm Children and Healthy Controls Using the TVPS-3rd and VMI-6th Editions." Technologies 11, no. 2 (April 4, 2023): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/technologies11020053.

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Background: The visual system is key to the learning process, preterm births are commonly followed by visual dysfunctions and other neurological conditions. Objective: to measure, analyze and compare the visual efficacy, visual–perceptual, and visual–motor skills of 20 late preterm children (34–36 weeks) born by caesarean section and appropriate weight for gestational age with 20 healthy controls born at full term by natural birth, age 5 to 12 years, from Querétaro, México. Methods: This was an observational, transverse, and prospective study. Parametric and non-parametric tests were performed using the SPSS 25.0. The visual acuity at distance and near, the phoria state, and the degree of stereopsis were analyzed. The Test of Visual-Perceptual Skills, Third Edition, was used to assess the overall performance, basic, sequencing, and complex processes. Fine motor skills were evaluated using the Visual–Motor Integration Test of Beery, Sixth Edition. Results: Visual acuity at distance and near (p<0.001), stereopsis (p<0.001), and the amount of exophoria at distance (p=0.01) showed statistically significant differences between the groups. The overall performance (p=0.006), basic processes (p=0.001), sequencing processes (p=0.02), and General and Motor VMI (p<0.001 and 0.002, respectively) presented lower values in children born preterm. Conclusion: This research showed that even late preterm children present visual deficiencies and are at risk of delays on perceptual–motor skills. Early evaluation of their visual and motor abilities should be considered in order to help improve their cognitive functioning.

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Hahn, Heidi Ann, and Dennis L. Price. "An Integrated Investigation into the Relative Effects of Alcohol on Various Human Behavioral Processes." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 31, no. 7 (September 1987): 830–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128703100732.

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A comprehensive study of the relative effects of alcohol on various behavioral processes was conducted. The results indicated the following descending hierarchy of impairment: (1) mediational processes; (2) motor processes; (3) communication processes; and (4) perceptual processes. These findings were compared to a literature-based hierarchy developed by other authors and discrepancies were explored.

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Landy, David, Colin Allen, and Michael L. Anderson. "Conceptual discontinuity involves recycling old processes in new domains." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 34, no. 3 (May 19, 2011): 136–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x10002153.

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AbstractWe dispute Carey's assumption that distinct core cognitive processes employ domain-specific input analyzers to construct proprietary representations. We give reasons to believe that conceptual systems co-opt core components for new domains. Domain boundaries, as well as boundaries between perceptual–motor and conceptual cognitive resources may be useful abstractions, but do not appear to reflect constraints respected by brains and cognitive systems.

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Moher, J., and J. H. Song. "Perceptual decision processes flexibly adapt to avoid change-of-mind motor costs." Journal of Vision 14, no. 8 (July 1, 2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/14.8.1.

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MARTINEZ, DAVID, and JENNY L. SINGLETON. "Predicting sign learning in hearing adults: The role of perceptual-motor (and phonological?) processes." Applied Psycholinguistics 39, no. 5 (April 2, 2018): 905–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716418000048.

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ABSTRACTThe present study aimed to identify predictors of one aspect of sign language acquisition, sign learning, in hearing nonsigners. Candidate predictors were selected based on the theory that the observed relationship between phonological short-term memory and L2 lexical learning is due in part to common perceptual-motor processes. Hearing nonsigning adults completed a sign learning task, three assessments of short-term memory for movements (movement STM; two of which used sign-like stimuli), and two visuospatial STM tasks. The final sample included 103 adults, ranging between 18 and 33 years of age. All predictors were moderately to strongly correlated with the sign learning task and to each other. A series of regression analyses revealed that both movement and visuospatial STM uniquely contributed to the prediction of sign learning. These results suggest that perceptual-motor processes play a significant role in sign learning and raise questions about the role of phonological processing.

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Bootsma, Reinoud J. "Accuracy of Perceptual Processes Subserving Different Perception–Action Systems." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 41, no. 3 (August 1989): 489–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14640748908402378.

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The accuracy of perceptual processes subserving different perception–action systems was evaluated by presenting subjects (N = 17) with similar optic flow patterns, while requiring different actions from them. Squash balls were dropped along a fixed trajectory, and subjects were asked to (a) hit the ball using their own arm, (b) release an artificial arm to hit the ball, and (c) indicate when the ball was at the point of contact of conditions (a) and (b). The variability of the temporal initiation point of the actions, which served as an operationalization of perceptual accuracy, was compared under all three conditions. The results indicated that the variability of the temporal initiation point was smallest under the natural arm condition, even though movement time was more variable here than under the artificial arm condition. It is argued that, because perception and action are intimately interwoven components of a perceiving/acting system, it is not an extrinsically (experimenter-) determined simplicity of perceptual and/or motor aspects of the task, but the intrinsic make-up of this overarching system that determines which couplings lead to a more accurate performance.

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Blotenberg, Iris, and Lothar Schmidt-Atzert. "On the Locus of the Practice Effect in Sustained Attention Tests." Journal of Intelligence 7, no. 2 (June 4, 2019): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence7020012.

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The present study set out to explore the locus of the poorly understood but frequently reported and comparatively large practice effect in sustained attention tests. Drawing on a recently proposed process model of sustained attention tests, several cognitive tasks were administered twice in order to examine which specific component of test performance benefitted from practice and to which extent. It was shown that the tasks representing the three sub-components of sustained attention tests, namely the perception of an item, the simple mental operation to solve an item, and the motor reaction to indicate a response to an item, benefitted from practice. Importantly, the largest practice gain was observed for the task that required item-solving processes in addition to perceptual and motor processes. Two additional postulated mechanisms in sustained attention tests—the deliberate shifting between items and the preprocessing of upcoming items—did not become more efficient through practice. Altogether, the present study shows that the practice effect in sustained attention tests seems to be primarily due to faster item-solving processes and, to a limited extent, due to a faster perception of the item, as well as a faster motor response. Moreover, besides the sub-components, it is likely that also the coordination of perceptual, item-solving, and motor processes benefitted from practice. Altogether, the present paper may have taken a first step towards a better understanding of the specific processes that cause the large practice gains in sustained attention tests.

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Magnard, Justine, Gilles Berrut, Christophe Cornu, and Thibault Deschamps. "Can Methodological Considerations Challenge the Dissociation of the Perceptual and Motor Inhibitory Processes?" Experimental Psychology 64, no. 6 (November 2017): 413–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000380.

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Abstract. Using an original conflict task paradigm, Nassauer and Halperin (2003) argued that inhibition ability can be classified into two distinct perceptual and motor inhibitory processes. The current study examined the robustness of this paradigm by raising two major methodological points: the amount of information that needs to be processed and the task order (fixed vs. random). Sixty young adults performed the original or modified tasks. Overall, a decrease in the amount of information had the effect of removing the stimulus conflict on some subtests. Therefore, no more inhibition performance could be assessed. Even if the findings can be interpreted as a change in response-related complexity that relates reaction time performance to the informational processing load, the discrepancies in terms of the amount of information originally designed are necessary to induce inhibitory conflicts. Additionally, unlike previous recommendations, the fixed task order initially adopted cannot be considered an essential methodological requirement.

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Ntoumanis, Ioannis, Olga Agranovich, Anna N. Shestakova, Evgeny Blagovechtchenski, Maria Koriakina, Dzerassa Kadieva, Grigory Kopytin, and Iiro P. Jääskeläinen. "Altered Cerebral Processing of Videos in Children with Motor Dysfunction Suggests Broad Embodiment of Perceptual Cognitive Functions." Journal of Personalized Medicine 12, no. 11 (November 4, 2022): 1841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12111841.

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Embodied cognition theory suggests that motor dysfunctions affect cognition. We examined this hypothesis by inspecting whether cerebral processing of movies, featuring both goal-directed movements and content without humans, differ between children with congenital motor dysfunction and healthy controls. Electroencephalography was recorded from 23 healthy children and 23 children with limited or absent arm movement due to either arthrogryposis multiplex congenita or obstetric brachial plexus palsy. Each individual patient exhibited divergent neural responses, disclosed by significantly lower inter-subject correlation (ISC) of brain activity, during the videos compared to the healthy children. We failed to observe associations between this finding and the motor-related content of the various video scenes, suggesting that differences between the patients and controls reflect modulation of perceptual-cognitive processing of videos by upper-limb motor dysfunctions not limited to the watching-mirroring of motor actions. Thus, perceptual-cognitive processes in the brain seem to be more robustly embodied than has previously been thought.

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Kleimaker, Maximilian, Adam Takacs, Giulia Conte, Rebecca Onken, Julius Verrel, Tobias Bäumer, Alexander Münchau, and Christian Beste. "Increased perception-action binding in Tourette syndrome." Brain 143, no. 6 (May 28, 2020): 1934–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awaa111.

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Abstract Gilles de la Tourette syndrome is a multifaceted neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by multiple motor and vocal tics. Research in Tourette syndrome has traditionally focused on the motor system. However, there is increasing evidence that perceptual and cognitive processes play a crucial role as well. Against this background it has been reasoned that processes linking perception and action might be particularly affected in these patients with the strength of perception-action binding being increased. However, this has not yet been studied experimentally. Here, we investigated adult Tourette patients within the framework of the ‘Theory of Event Coding’ using an experimental approach allowing us to directly test the strength of perception-action binding. We included 24 adult patients with Tourette syndrome and n = 24 healthy control subjects using a previously established visual-motor event file task with four levels of feature overlap requiring repeating or alternating responses. Concomitant to behavioural testing, EEG was recorded and analysed using temporal signal decomposition and source localization methods. On a behavioural level, perception-action binding was increased in Tourette patients. Tic frequency correlated with performance in conditions where unbinding processes of previously established perception-action bindings were required with higher tic frequency being associated with stronger perception-action binding. This suggests that perception-action binding is intimately related to the occurrence of tics. Analysis of EEG data showed that behavioural changes cannot be explained based on simple perceptual or motor processes. Instead, cognitive processes linking perception to action in inferior parietal cortices are crucial. Our findings suggest that motor or sensory processes alone are less relevant for the understanding of Tourette syndrome than cognitive processes engaged in linking and restructuring of perception-action association. A broader cognitive framework encompassing perception and action appears well suited to opening new routes for the understanding of Tourette syndrome.

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Campagnoli, Carlo, Fulvio Domini, and Jordan A. Taylor. "Taking aim at the perceptual side of motor learning: exploring how explicit and implicit learning encode perceptual error information through depth vision." Journal of Neurophysiology 126, no. 2 (August 1, 2021): 413–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00153.2021.

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We leveraged a classic sensorimotor adaptation task to perform a first systematic assessment of the role of perceptual cues in the estimation of an error signal in the 3-D space during motor learning. We crossed two conditions presenting different amounts of depth information, with two manipulations emphasizing explicit and implicit learning processes. Explicit learning responded to the visual conditions, consistent with perceptual reports, whereas implicit learning appeared to be independent of them.

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Gellatly, Angus, Geoff Cole, Claire Fox, and Matthew Johnson. "Response Inhibition Can Affect Reaction Time to Abrupt-Onset Visual Displays." Perception 32, no. 11 (November 2003): 1377–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p3361.

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Reaction time (RT) to abrupt-onset stimuli has been widely used for more than a century to measure the duration of perceptuo-cognitive and motor processes [Donders, 1868/1969 Attention and Performance II (1969 Acta Psychologica30 412–431)]. A complicating factor with the RT method is that of response withholding, or response inhibition (RI). The occurrence of RI (under this or other names) has been widely discussed in relation to studies of motor processes but has been largely ignored in relation to studies of perceptuo-cognitive processes. We demonstrate that RI can be a confounding factor when RT to abrupt-onset displays is used to study perceptual and cognitive processes. In experiment 1, new-object targets were more accurately detected than old-object targets in an unspeeded task, but were responded to more slowly in an RT task. Consistent with an interpretation in terms of RI, this pattern of results was dependent on the difficulty of target detection. The data of three further experiments also support predictions from the RI interpretation. It is suggested that RI may be an under-acknowledged factor in RT studies of perceptual and cognitive processes with abrupt-onset displays.

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Kopp, Bruno, and Karl Wessel. "Event-related brain potentials and cognitive processes related to perceptual—motor information transmission." Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience 10, no. 2 (June 2010): 316–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/cabn.10.2.316.

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Keil, Andreas, Thomas Elbert, Brigitte Rockstroh, and William J. Ray. "Dynamical aspects of motor and perceptual processes in schizophrenic patients and healthy controls." Schizophrenia Research 33, no. 3 (October 1998): 169–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-9964(98)00069-3.

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Güldenpenning, Iris, Jelena F. Braun, Daniel Machlitt, and Thomas Schack. "Masked priming of complex movements: perceptual and motor processes in unconscious action perception." Psychological Research 79, no. 5 (September 4, 2014): 801–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00426-014-0607-z.

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Shankar, Swetha, and Andrew S. Kayser. "Perceptual and categorical decision making: goal-relevant representation of two domains at different levels of abstraction." Journal of Neurophysiology 117, no. 6 (June 1, 2017): 2088–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00512.2016.

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To date it has been unclear whether perceptual decision making and rule-based categorization reflect activation of similar cognitive processes and brain regions. On one hand, both map potentially ambiguous stimuli to a smaller set of motor responses. On the other hand, decisions about perceptual salience typically concern concrete sensory representations derived from a noisy stimulus, while categorization is typically conceptualized as an abstract decision about membership in a potentially arbitrary set. Previous work has primarily examined these types of decisions in isolation. Here we independently varied salience in both the perceptual and categorical domains in a random dot-motion framework by manipulating dot-motion coherence and motion direction relative to a category boundary, respectively. Behavioral and modeling results suggest that categorical (more abstract) information, which is more relevant to subjects’ decisions, is weighted more strongly than perceptual (more concrete) information, although they also have significant interactive effects on choice. Within the brain, BOLD activity within frontal regions strongly differentiated categorical salience and weakly differentiated perceptual salience; however, the interaction between these two factors activated similar frontoparietal brain networks. Notably, explicitly evaluating feature interactions revealed a frontal-parietal dissociation: parietal activity varied strongly with both features, but frontal activity varied with the combined strength of the information that defined the motor response. Together, these data demonstrate that frontal regions are driven by decision-relevant features and argue that perceptual decisions and rule-based categorization reflect similar cognitive processes and activate similar brain networks to the extent that they define decision-relevant stimulus-response mappings. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Here we study the behavioral and neural dynamics of perceptual categorization when decision information varies in multiple domains at different levels of abstraction. Behavioral and modeling results suggest that categorical (more abstract) information is weighted more strongly than perceptual (more concrete) information but that perceptual and categorical domains interact to influence decisions. Frontoparietal brain activity during categorization flexibly represents decision-relevant features and highlights significant dissociations in frontal and parietal activity during decision making.

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Prots, R. O., T. G. Chopylko, and M. R. Prots. "METHODS OF FORMING PERCEPTUAL-COGNITIVE EXPERIENCE IN HIGHLY QUALIFIED FOOTBALL REFEREES." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 5(165) (May 12, 2023): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2023.5k(165).23.

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Annotation. Football referees must constantly keep up with the game to ensure the correct interpretation of game moments when making key decisions in the match. The perceptual-cognitive demands of soccer refereeing are considerable, but research the repceptual and cognitive processes that influence referee decisions remains limited. In this regards, we present a study of methodological considerations, regarding the application of referee’s perceptual-cognitive experience in decision-making, as well as relationship of this experience with their motor activities during the match.

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Oudejans, Raôul R. D., and J. Rob Pijpers. "Training with anxiety has a positive effect on expert perceptual–motor performance under pressure." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 62, no. 8 (August 2009): 1631–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17470210802557702.

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In two experiments, we examined whether training with anxiety can prevent choking in experts performing perceptual–motor tasks. In Experiment 1, 17 expert basketball players practised free throws over a 5-week period with or without induced anxiety. Only after training with anxiety did performance no longer deteriorate during the anxiety posttest. In Experiment 2, 17 expert dart players practised dart throwing from a position high or low on a climbing wall, thus with or without anxiety. Again, only after training with anxiety was performance maintained during the anxiety posttest, despite higher levels of anxiety, heart rate, and perceived effort. It is concluded that practising under anxiety can prevent choking in expert perceptual–motor performance, as one acclimatizes to the specific processes accompanying anxiety.

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Lobo, Lorena. "Current alternatives on perceptual learning: introduction to special issue on post-cognitivist approaches to perceptual learning." Adaptive Behavior 27, no. 6 (September 16, 2019): 355–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059712319875147.

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This special issue is focused on how perceptual learning is understood from a post-cognitivist approach to cognition. The process of perceptual learning is key in our cognitive life and development: we can learn to discriminate environmental aspects and hence adapt ourselves to it, using our resources intelligently. Perceptual learning, according to the classic cognitivist view, is based on the enrichment of passively received stimuli, a linear operation on sensations that results in a representation of the original information. This representation can be useful for other processes that generate an output, like a motor command, for example. On the contrary, alternative approaches to perceptual learning, different from the one depicted in the classic cognitivist theory, share the ideas that perception and action are intrinsically tied and that cognitive processes rely on embodiment and situatedness. These approaches usually claim that mental representations are not useful concepts, at least when portraying a process of perceptual learning. Approaches within post-cognitivism are not a unified theory, but a diversity of perspectives that need to establish a dialogue among their different methodologies. In particular, this special issue is focused on ecological psychology and enactivism as key traditions within the post-cognitivist constellation.

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King, Bradley R., Nina Dolfen, Mareike A. Gann, Zenzi Renard, Stephan P. Swinnen, and Genevieve Albouy. "Schema and Motor-Memory Consolidation." Psychological Science 30, no. 7 (June 7, 2019): 963–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797619847164.

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Recent research has demonstrated that memory-consolidation processes can be accelerated if newly learned information is consistent with preexisting knowledge. Until now, investigations of this fast integration of new information into memory have focused on the declarative and perceptual systems. We employed a unique manipulation of a motor-sequence-learning paradigm to examine the effect of experimentally acquired memory on the learning of new motor information. Results demonstrate that new information is rapidly integrated into memory when practice occurs in a framework that is compatible with the previously acquired memory. This framework consists of the ordinal representation of the motor sequence. This enhanced integration cannot be explained by differences in the explicit awareness of the sequence and is observed only if the previously acquired motor memory was consolidated overnight. Results are consistent with the schema model of memory consolidation and offer insights into how previous motor experience can accelerate learning and consolidation processes.

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Davranche, Karen, Bruno Nazarian, Franck Vidal, and Jennifer Coull. "Orienting Attention in Time Activates Left Intraparietal Sulcus for Both Perceptual and Motor Task Goals." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 23, no. 11 (November 2011): 3318–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00030.

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Attention can be directed not only toward a location in space but also to a moment in time (“temporal orienting”). Temporally informative cues allow subjects to predict when an imminent event will occur, thereby speeding responses to that event. In contrast to spatial orienting, temporal orienting preferentially activates left inferior parietal cortex. Yet, left parietal cortex is also implicated in selective motor attention, suggesting its activation during temporal orienting could merely reflect incidental engagement of preparatory motor processes. Using fMRI, we therefore examined whether temporal orienting would still activate left parietal cortex when the cued target required a difficult perceptual discrimination rather than a speeded motor response. Behaviorally, temporal orienting improved accuracy of target identification as well as speed of target detection, demonstrating the general utility of temporal cues. Crucially, temporal orienting selectively activated left inferior parietal cortex for both motor and perceptual versions of the task. Moreover, conjunction analysis formally revealed a region deep in left intraparietal sulcus (IPS) as common to both tasks, thereby identifying it as a core neural substrate for temporal orienting. Despite the context-independent nature of left IPS activation, complementary psychophysiological interaction analysis revealed how the functional connectivity of left IPS changed as a function of task context. Specifically, left IPS activity covaried with premotor activity during motor temporal orienting but with visual extrastriate activity during perceptual temporal orienting, thereby revealing a cooperative network that comprises both temporal orienting and task-specific processing nodes.

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Daliri, Ayoub, and Jonathan Dittman. "Successful auditory motor adaptation requires task-relevant auditory errors." Journal of Neurophysiology 122, no. 2 (August 1, 2019): 552–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00662.2018.

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When we produce speech movements, we also predict the auditory consequences of the movements. We use discrepancies between our predictions and incoming auditory information to modify our future movements (adapt). Although auditory errors are crucial for speech motor learning, not all perceived auditory errors are consequences of our own actions. Therefore, the brain needs to evaluate the relevance of perceived auditory errors. In this study, we examined error assessment processes involved in auditory motor adaptation by systematically manipulating the correspondence between speech motor outputs and their auditory consequences during speaking. Participants ( n = 30) produced speech while they received perturbed auditory feedback (e.g., produced “head” but heard a word that sounded like “had”). In one condition, auditory errors were related to participants’ productions (task-relevant errors). In another condition, auditory errors were defined by the experimenter and had no correspondence with participants’ speech output (task-irrelevant errors). We found that the extent of adaptation and error sensitivity (derived from a state-space model) were greater in the condition with task-relevant auditory errors compared with those in the condition with task-irrelevant auditory errors. Additionally, participants with smaller perceptual targets (derived from a categorical perception task) adapted more to auditory perturbations, and participants with larger perceptual targets adapted less. Similarly, participants with smaller perceptual targets were more sensitive to errors in the condition with task-relevant auditory errors. Together, our results highlight the intricate mechanisms, involving both perception and production systems, that the brain uses to optimally integrate auditory errors for successful speech motor learning. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Feedback monitoring is essential for accurate speech production. By providing empirical results and a computational framework, we show that 1) the brain evaluates relevance of auditory errors and responds more to relevant errors, and 2) smaller perceptual targets are associated with more sensitivity to errors and more auditory motor adaptation.

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Seitz, Rüdiger J., Thomas A. Matyas, and Leeanne M. Carey. "Neural Plasticity as a Basis for Motor Learning and Neurorehabilitation." Brain Impairment 9, no. 2 (September 1, 2008): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/brim.9.2.103.

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AbstractSkilled action is the end-product of learning processes that can improve several aspects of motor control such as strategic movement organisation, perceptual–motor associations, or muscle commands for basic components of sequentially evolving, complex movements. Experimental studies in healthy participants using functional imaging and transcranial magnetic stimulation have identified separable processes that form cortical motor representations and that assist this formation of representations. These processes capitalise on use-dependent plasticity and changes in cortical excitability before and after practice. In terms of neural circuits, motor learning manifests measurably via structures that support transient phenomena, such as attentive error monitoring, or through continued activation of brain structures that support control processes still adapting. Specifically, movement guidance engages the dorsal premotor and parietal cortex along the intraparietal sulcus in addition to the supplementary motor area and the anterior cerebellum. Movement conception based on explicit experience of the movement task involves the inferior premotor cortex. Evidence in patients recovering from brain lesions such as stroke, suggests that similar principles hold for neurorehabilitation as well. The challenging issue is to what degree altered motor strategies afford improvement in function through relearning and neural plasticity.

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Adams, Christi J., and Robert J. Beaton. "An Investigation of Navigation Processes in Human Locomotor Behavior." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, no. 26 (July 2000): 233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004402625.

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An observational study examined how available ambient lighting affected the time required for high attention, fine navigation when approaching a navigation hazard. Low ambient light levels, representing twilight and night conditions, increase the amount of time required for fine navigation. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed differences in ambient light levels yielded differences in time to contact for three direct contact hazards and two passing hazards. Under all conditions, post hoc analysis showed responses for Night lighting levels were different from Day lighting levels. Specific comparisons between types of navigation hazards were not contemplated, since perceptual and motor requirements varied considerably among hazards.

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Grossberg, Stephen. "Cortical and subcortical predictive dynamics and learning during perception, cognition, emotion and action." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 364, no. 1521 (May 12, 2009): 1223–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0307.

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An intimate link exists between the predictive and learning processes in the brain. Perceptual/cognitive and spatial/motor processes use complementary predictive mechanisms to learn, recognize, attend and plan about objects in the world, determine their current value, and act upon them. Recent neural models clarify these mechanisms and how they interact in cortical and subcortical brain regions. The present paper reviews and synthesizes data and models of these processes, and outlines a unified theory of predictive brain processing.

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Nieuwenhuys, Arne, and Raôul R. D. Oudejans. "Anxiety and perceptual-motor performance: toward an integrated model of concepts, mechanisms, and processes." Psychological Research 76, no. 6 (October 29, 2011): 747–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00426-011-0384-x.

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Stanford, Terrence R., and Emilio Salinas. "Urgent Decision Making: Resolving Visuomotor Interactions at High Temporal Resolution." Annual Review of Vision Science 7, no. 1 (September 15, 2021): 323–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-vision-100419-103842.

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Measuring when exactly perceptual decisions are made is crucial for defining how the activation of specific neurons contributes to behavior. However, in traditional, nonurgent visuomotor tasks, the uncertainty of this temporal measurement is very large. This is a problem not only for delimiting the capacity of perception, but also for correctly interpreting the functional roles ascribed to choice-related neuronal responses. In this article, we review psychophysical, neurophysiological, and modeling work based on urgent visuomotor tasks in which this temporal uncertainty can be effectively overcome. The cornerstone of this work is a novel behavioral metric that describes the evolution of the subject's perceptual judgment moment by moment, allowing us to resolve numerous perceptual events that unfold within a few tens of milliseconds. In this framework, the neural distinction between perceptual evaluation and motor selection processes becomes particularly clear, as the conclusion of one is not contingent on that of the other.

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Kadar, Endre E., and M. T. Turvey. "Process based functionalism instead of structural functionalism is needed." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 20, no. 3 (September 1997): 533. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x97001520.

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Latash & Anson's intention to describe only the regularities of motor behavior is compromised by the homunculus paradigm. Although we concur on the need to redefine “normal movements” in atypical populations, we contend that this enterprise requires a process based functionalism. We argue for accommodating movement control and perceptual processes with physical and task constraints in a natural setting.

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Hickok, Gregory. "Predictive coding? Yes, but from what source?" Behavioral and Brain Sciences 36, no. 4 (June 24, 2013): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x12002750.

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AbstractThere is little doubt that predictive coding is an important mechanism in language processing–indeed, in information processing generally. However, it is less clear whether the action system is the source of such predictions during perception. Here I summarize the computational problem with motor prediction for perceptual processes and argue instead for a dual-stream model of predictive coding.

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Flowers, Kenneth A., and Colin Robertson. "Perceptual Abnormalities in Parkinson's Disease: Top-Down or Bottom-Up Processes?" Perception 24, no. 10 (October 1995): 1201–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p241201.

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A wide variety of perceptual impairments have been reported in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) in recent years; the underlying causes of these impairments have been variously attributed to different levels of the visual-cognitive system, from the retina to frontal cortex. Parkinsonian perceptual abnormalities could thus be interpreted as indirectly caused either by ‘bottom-up’ effects, stemming from dopaminergic dysfunction in the retina, or by ‘top-down’ effects, stemming from deficits in attention due to disturbances in the striatal-frontal system. Alternatively, a direct visuospatial impairment, perhaps related to the motor symptoms, has been considered. Data on three basic aspects of visual perception (3-D stereo vision, figure—ground discrimination, and pattern perception) which might be expected to give difficulty to PD subjects suffering changes in early processing mechanisms are reported. Visual complexity and the degree of mental manipulation of the material required both varied in different parts of the tests. PD patients were on stable drug regimens. It was found that disease severity interacted with performance: patients with mild PD showed little perceptual abnormality, patients with moderate PD showed only top-down effects, and patients with severe PD showed evidence both of top-down and of bottom-up deficits. Thus it appears that any retinal effects on perception in PD occur only in the advanced stages of the disease; in earlier stages any visual dysfunction probably reflects top-down disturbances from higher levels of the cognitive-behavioural system.

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Bilotta, Eleonora, Lorella Gabriele, Rocco Servidio, and Assunta Tavernise. "Motor-Manipulatory Behaviours and Learning: an Observational Study." International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering (iJOE) 4, no. 3 (July 15, 2008): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v4i3.577.

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In this paper we investigated the role of motor-manipulatory behaviour in the learning modalities of thirty-five primary school children interacting with a Lego MindStorms kit. In particular, by means of an observational taxonomy of childrenâ??s behaviour, we analysed the video records of two observational sessions regarding the learning activities during the building of a small robot. Our results demonstrated that motor-manipulatory behaviours are strictly linked to cognitive processes, and that the acquisition of new knowledge can be considered as the result of a gradual experience of integration between both perceptual and manipulative behavioural routines.

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Crump, Caroline, Stephen Walenchok, Chris Johnson, Joseph Pauszek, and Douglas Young. "Stress, Operator Error, and Transportation Accidents." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 65, no. 1 (September 2021): 1453–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181321651171.

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Psychological and physiological stress impacts information processing at many levels, from attention and perceptual processes to reasoning and decision-making to motor execution. These effects can be highly adaptive, resulting in optimal performance. However, these effects can also result in serious degradation of performance, leading to human errors that often contribute to accidents. In this paper we review the variety of detrimental effects stress can have on different stages of information processing and provide examples of how these deficits can lead to accidents in motor vehicle operation and aviation.

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ANKERSTEIN, CARRIE A., ROSEMARY A. VARLEY, and PATRICIA E. COWELL. "Feature types and object categories: Is sensorimotoric knowledge different for living and nonliving things?" Applied Psycholinguistics 33, no. 3 (August 8, 2011): 539–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716411000476.

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ABSTRACTSome models of semantic memory claim that items from living and nonliving domains have different feature-type profiles. Data from feature generation and perceptual modality rating tasks were compared to evaluate this claim. Results from two living (animals, fruits/vegetables) and two nonliving (tools, vehicles) categories showed that sensorimotoric features were important in object knowledge across both domains. In addition, significant cross-domain similarities and within-domain differences indicated that feature profiles were not determined simply as a function of the living and nonliving domain distinction. The current data support a model of semantic memory rooted in perceptual and motor processes with reduced salience for the “living/nonliving” construct.

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BRUYER, RAYMOND. "Are perceptual and motor inhibition processes really dissociated? A comment on Nassauer and Halperin (2003)." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 9, no. 5 (July 2003): 811–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617703950144.

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The Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society published recently a paper that should become influential shortly. However, given its potential impact, this study has to be examined carefully.

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Ghose, Geoffrey M., and Ian T. Harrison. "Temporal Precision of Neuronal Information in a Rapid Perceptual Judgment." Journal of Neurophysiology 101, no. 3 (March 2009): 1480–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.90980.2008.

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In many situations, such as pedestrians crossing a busy street or prey evading predators, rapid decisions based on limited perceptual information are critical for survival. The brevity of these perceptual judgments constrains how neuronal signals are integrated or pooled over time because the underlying sequence of processes, from sensation to perceptual evaluation to motor planning and execution, all occur within several hundred milliseconds. Because most previous physiological studies of these processes have relied on tasks requiring considerably longer temporal integration, the neuronal basis of such rapid decisions remains largely unexplored. In this study, we examine the temporal precision of neuronal activity associated with a rapid perceptual judgment. We find that the activity of individual neurons over tens of milliseconds can reliably convey information about sensory events and was well correlated with the animals' judgments. There was a strong correlation between sensory reliability and the correlation with behavioral choice, suggesting that rapid decisions were preferentially based on the most reliable sensory signals. We also find that a simple model in which the responses of a small number of individual neurons (<5) are summed can completely explain behavioral performance. These results suggest that neuronal circuits are sufficiently precise to allow for cognitive decisions to be based on small numbers of action potentials from highly reliable neurons.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Perceptual-motor processes'

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