Dissertations / Theses: 'Perception and management of health risks'

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Stuurman, Kenin Richard. "Assessing the impact of e-learning on decision-making to reduce health risks: Perceptions from UCT's pesticide risk management cohort." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16786.

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Includes bibliographical references
There is a need to build the capacity of professionals in low- to middle- income countries (LMICs) in order to reduce pesticide risks on human and environmental health. To address these risks, the University of Cape Town (UCT) introduced the Post Graduate Diploma in Pesticide Risk Management (DPRM). This programme utilises a mixed teaching mode including an e-learning component which includes virtual seminars/discussion forums. The DPRMs' discussion forum aimed to strengthen skills in managing and reducing pesticide risks. Due to the shortage of skilled professionals in LMICs, e-learning can facilitate the on-going training and skills development in pesticide management to address pesticide related challenges. The study focus was on evaluating the impact of the DPRMs' e-learning Discussion Forum bi-monthly sessions on the decision-making processes of professionals in LMICs working in pesticide risk management. The sample for this study was obtained from a population of working professionals, who either completed or were currently enrolled for the DPRM programme (N=37). Twenty-two participants completed the online questionnaire anonymously. These participants were employed by governments, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), research institutes and private companies in Africa and Fiji. This mini-dissertation is divided into four parts. The protocol (Part A) provides the study justification and describes the methodology for collecting the data and the analysis thereof. The literature review (Part B) describes e-learning and how it relates to capacity building of pesticide risk management (PRM) professionals in LMICs countries. It looks at the challenges of implementing and maintaining successful capacity building and the role e-learning plays. The manuscript of a journal ready article (Part C) presents the research findings on the perceived effectiveness of the e-learning based DPRM discussion forum and whether it aided PRM professionals in making better decisions. There are four appendices (Part D) which include the questionnaire, consent form, ethical approval and instructions for writing the manuscript. The study found that participants reported improved application of information gained through e-learning in a practical and effective manner, thereby improving their skills for real world scenarios. Overall benefits acknowledged by participants included establishing a knowledge resource, improved communication with colleagues and stakeholders, as well as improved ability for knowledge application in their work and pesticide use in context. An important finding was that just over half of respondents (55%) felt that they were able to contribute to policy change in their countries as a result of the discussion forum. Unfortunately, no statistical significance could be established between variables due to the limited sample size. It is recommended that a follow-up study with a larger sample be conducted, to establish whether the discussion forum has a long-term and sustainable impact in decision- making processes and policy implementation.

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Selim, Muhammad Khan. "A Population Health Approach to Examine Ottawa-Gatineau Residents’ Perception of Radon Health Risk." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40974.

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Background: Radon is a high impact environmental pollutant and is the second leading cause of lung cancer in Canada. Despite the gravity of the health risk, residents have inadequate awareness and have taken minimum preventive actions. The success of any population-level health awareness program is contingent on the views and actions of key decision makers at the household level. People's perceptions of the risk should inform health communication messaging that aims to motivate them to take preventive measures. The objective of this study was to measure the quantifiable associations and predictions between perceptions of radon health risk and their preventive actions; to explore and examines the social determinants that enable and hinder the adoption of preventive measures. Additionally, the best effective radon control systems for both the new and existing houses and relevant policy implications have been examined. Methods: A mixed methods study consisting of surveys (n=557) and qualitative interviews (n=35) was conducted with both homeowners and tenants of Ottawa-Gatineau areas. Descriptive, correlation and regression analyses addressed the quantitative research questions. Thematic, inductive analysis identified themes in the qualitative data. A mixed methods analysis triangulate both results. A registered systematic review of radon interventions around the world was conducted and radon policy analysis was done by applying interdisciplinary frameworks. Results: Residents’ perceptions of radon health risk, smoking at home, social influence, and care for family significantly correlated with their intention to test for radon; the same variables predicted their protection behaviours. Residents obtained information on radon from the media, individual search, workplace and social networks. Residents who had dual - cognitive and emotional awareness of the risk, were motivated enough to take action. Having an understanding of the risk, caring for family, knowing others who contracted lung cancer and being financially capable were enablers for action. Obstacles included lack of awareness, cost of mitigation, lack of home ownership and potential stigma in selling the house. Residents attributed primary responsibility to public agencies for disseminating information and suggested incentivizing and mandating actions to promote preventive measures. Indoor radon is best controlled by installing an active SSDS with additional measures to seal any entry points in the foundation. The policy analysis generated a list of recommendations that can be implemented through multisectoral systems level actions to address the social determinants of risk distribution. Conclusions: Residents do not get the crucial information on radon health risk and report barriers in testing and engaging in protective action. Risk perceptions are subjective and influenced by micro and macro level factors. Inducing protective action to reduce risk requires comprehensive interventions taking into account dual perceptions of the threat. Future research can explore the dual aspects of risk perception and examine the contents of the risk communication message. Policy should address the shared responsibility of both governments and residents in tackling the issue with reasonable incentives and mandatory regulations.

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Khan, Selim Muhammad. "A Population Health Approach to Examine Ottawa-Gatineau Residents’ Perception of Radon Health Risk." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39489.

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Background: Radon is a high impact environmental pollutant and is the second leading cause of lung cancer in Canada. Despite the gravity of the health risk, residents have inadequate awareness and have taken minimum preventive actions. The success of any population-level health awareness program is contingent on the views and actions of key decision makers at the household level. People's perceptions of the risk should inform health communication messaging that aims to motivate them to take preventive measures. The objective of this study was to measure the quantifiable associations and predictions between perceptions of radon health risk and their preventive actions; to explore and examines the social determinants that enable and hinder the adoption of preventive measures. Additionally, the best effective radon control systems for both the new and existing houses and relevant policy implications have been examined. Methods: A mixed methods study consisting of surveys (n=557) and qualitative interviews (n=35) was conducted with both homeowners and tenants of Ottawa-Gatineau areas. Descriptive, correlation and regression analyses addressed the quantitative research questions. Thematic, inductive analysis identified themes in the qualitative data. A mixed methods analysis triangulate both results. A registered systematic review of radon interventions around the world was conducted and radon policy analysis was done by applying interdisciplinary frameworks. Results: Residents’ perceptions of radon health risk, smoking at home, social influence, and care for family significantly correlated with their intention to test for radon; the same variables predicted their protection behaviours. Residents obtained information on radon from the media, individual search, workplace and social networks. Residents who had dual - cognitive and emotional awareness of the risk, were motivated enough to take action. Having an understanding of the risk, caring for family, knowing others who contracted lung cancer and being financially capable were enablers for action. Obstacles included lack of awareness, cost of mitigation, lack of home ownership and potential stigma in selling the house. Residents attributed primary responsibility to public agencies for disseminating information and suggested incentivizing and mandating actions to promote preventive measures. Indoor radon is best controlled by installing an active SSDS with additional measures to seal any entry points in the foundation. The policy analysis generated a list of recommendations that can be implemented through multisectoral systems level actions to address the social determinants of risk distribution. Conclusions: Residents do not get the crucial information on radon health risk and report barriers in testing and engaging in protective action. Risk perceptions are subjective and influenced by micro and macro level factors. Inducing protective action to reduce risk requires comprehensive interventions taking into account dual perceptions of the threat. Future research can explore the dual aspects of risk perception and examine the contents of the risk communication message. Policy should address the shared responsibility of both governments and residents in tackling the issue with reasonable incentives and mandatory regulations.

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Alkhurayyif, Saad A. "Third-Party Perception: Implications for Governance and Communication of Health Risks during the Umrah in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1703424/.

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The current study projects the third-person perception phenomenon into the area of emergency management, specifically regarding risk communication in the context of religious gatherings. This study utilized the Umrah religious gathering in Makkah, Saudi Arabia, during summer 2019 as a case study (N = 257). This study aimed to investigate whether pilgrims perceive there was a greater effect of health information on others than on themselves. Survey results were translated and then coded and analyzed statistically using SPSS software. The findings indicated that third-person perception existed among pilgrims. Specifically, the perception of pilgrims that the influence of news about MERS-CoV, believed to be undesirable in its effect on themselves, was greater on others than on themselves was found statistically significant. Further, the findings indicated that the more pilgrims watched, listened to, or read news about MERS-CoV, the larger the effect of the news they perceived on themselves and others was. Thus, exposure to MERS-CoV news did not increase, but rather decreased the perception of difference between self and others. Also, the empirical findings indicated that pilgrims who were knowledgeable about MERS-CoV could relate to the coverage. Moreover, if pilgrims believed they were affected by MERS-CoV news, they believed that the MERS-CoV news had a similar or greater effect on other pilgrims. The findings indicated socio-demographics had a partial effect on third-person perception, Finally, the stronger the perceived effect of MERS-CoV news on oneself, the more likely these pilgrims were to take protective actions against the MERS-CoV epidemic. However, the third-person perception anticipated in the use of impersonal communication (pamphlets, television, radio, newspapers, Internet, social media, text message, health clinics, mosques messages, public events, and billboards) and of interpersonal communication (friends, family member, or others you know) was not found significant. Moreover, the perceived effects of MERS-CoV news on others did not show third-person perception regarding behavior intention or consequences. These findings have implications for risk communication and its governance during religious gatherings as well as for the prepared individuals to promote preparation for risk and actions toward risk mitigation.

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Nik, Hassan Nik Muhammad Nizam bin. "Risk perception and health risk : towards improving drinking water management of a small island community." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2018. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/68779/.

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A community of an island in Malaysia still uses untreated drinking water sources and is reluctant to accept chlorinated water. A water treatment plan that was installed on the island has ceased any treatment, despite routine water monitoring showing high levels of faecal coliforms. The underlying cause could include unwillingness to pay the bill, distrust in chlorine and the belief that the untreated water is safe to drink. A systematic review was conducted on the challenges of rural drinking water supply management from source to tap to gain an overall insight on the issues faced by the local community and possible solutions. This is followed by a questionnaire survey to assess the community’s perception towards risk from untreated drinking water, chlorinated water, willingness to pay the water bill and their drinking water practices. The final part involved a risk assessment to quantify the microbial health risk from the drinking water supply, by sampling the water and using quantitative microbial risk assessment approach to calculate the risk. The review suggests that rural water interventions should be hands on with a sense of ownership, that sustainability of rural water supply system depends on reliability and user preferences, and positive management aspects include water safety plans, and a functioning committee with certain characteristics. The benefits of rural drinking water management were shown to outweigh the cost. The survey revealed factors that affect the community’s perception of risk from their drinking water, perception on chlorinated water, and their drinking water practices. The risk assessment revealed the annual risk of infection from E. coli O157, rotavirus and cryptosporidium among adults and children exposed to untreated drinking water. The overall findings showed the importance of community perception and the value of combining assessment of risk perception and risk quantification for rural drinking water management study.

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Glasgow, Lashanda B. "Associations Between Sex and HIV Testing, HIV Risk, and HIV Risk Perception Among a National Sample of Adults Aged 65 Years and Older." Franklin University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=frank162142623355138.

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Muqeem, Sadeq H. Gh H. "Development of an environmental health risk and socio-economic perception framework to critically assess the management of TWW reuse practice and options in Kuwait." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7048/.

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This thesis introduces a new methodological approach to provide a framework for environmental health and socioeconomic perception that critically assesses the management of treated wastewater (TWW) reuse practice and options. The methodology combines Multi-Criteria decision Making (MCDM) and Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix (RIAM). The approach uses expert opinion to assess TWW reuse options and converts the qualitative subjective evaluation of experts into quantitative objective and numeric output. The methodology includes the use of a Driver Force, Pressure, State, Impact and Response (DPSIR) framework to analyse the current situation in a specific case study (Kuwait). The research identified the best available TWW reuse options for Kuwait and determined the essential environmental health and socioeconomic criteria affected by the practice of selected TWW reuse options. The latter include recreational and agricultural irrigation, firefighting and industrial and ruses, oil depressurization and groundwater recharge. Options where the public had direct contact with TWW, such as showering, cooking and drinking were rejected. Environmental health criteria were found to be the most significant criteria associated with TWW reuse practice and options, but given current heavy subsidies of wastewater treatment, distribution and transportation, the economic burden was also significant. Further research in this area is recommended to enable a reduction of pressures on freshwater resources through TWW reuse practice and this should be included within a wider context of integrated water management (IWM).

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Wen, Han. "Risk communication when serving customers with food allergies in restaurants in the United States." Diss., Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/20109.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Hospitality Management and Dietetics
Junehee Kwon
Food allergies affect nearly 15 million Americans, and accommodating customers with food allergies has become a challenge for the restaurant industry. One third of the fatal food allergy reactions occurred in restaurants, and it is important for the restaurant industry to properly communicate and manage the food allergy risks. This study explored perceived risks and risk communication related behaviors of restaurant staff when serving customers with food allergies by using both qualitative (interviews) and quantitative (online survey) approaches. Telephone interviews with 16 restaurant managers were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and organized to identify themes. Most participants were aware of the severity of food allergy reactions but perceived that it was the customers’ responsibilities communicating their food allergies with restaurant staff before placing their orders. Training for service staff on food allergies and risk communication topics were limited, and some managers perceived such training unnecessary for restaurant business. Findings from interviews were used to develop an online survey instrument. The survey instrument was pilot-tested and distributed to restaurant employee panels by an online survey research firm. Of 1,328 accessed the survey, 316 usable survey responses (23.8%) were collected from full-service restaurant service staff. Data analyses included descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, ANOVA, and regression analyses. Results indicated that limited information about food allergies was provided on printed (35.1%) or online menus (28.2%), and very few restaurants had separate menus (8.5%) or complete ingredient lists (14.6%) for customers with food allergies. Meanwhile, restaurant servers lacked knowledge about common food allergens (12.7% correct), differences between food allergies and intolerances (34.2% correct), and government regulations related to food allergies (15.5% correct). Most restaurant servers (82.0%) agreed or strongly agreed that initiating communication and preventing food allergy reactions were responsibilities of customers with food allergies. Perceived severity of food allergy reactions, previous communication training, sources of media exposure, and perceived responsibilities of preventing food allergy reactions were found to influence restaurant servers’ risk reduction and communication behaviors (R²=0.367, p<0.001). Restaurateurs, foodservice educators, food allergy advocates, and policy makers may use these findings when developing food allergy training and strategies to prevent food allergy reactions in restaurants.

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Gowan, Monica Elizabeth. "Self-Management of Disaster Risk and Uncertainty: The Role of Preventive Health in Building Disaster Resilience." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Health Sciences Centre, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7605.

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One of the great challenges facing human systems today is how to prepare for, manage, and adapt successfully to the profound and rapid changes wreaked by disasters. Wellington, New Zealand, is a capital city at significant risk of devastating earthquake and tsunami, potentially requiring mass evacuations with little or short notice. Subsequent hardship and suffering due to widespread property damage and infrastructure failure could cause large areas of the Wellington Region to become uninhabitable for weeks to months. Previous research has shown that positive health and well-being are associated with disaster-resilient outcomes. Preventing adverse outcomes before disaster strikes, through developing strengths-based skill sets in health-protective attitudes and behaviours, is increasingly advocated in disaster research, practise, and management. This study hypothesised that well-being constructs involving an affective heuristic play vital roles in pathways to resilience as proximal determinants of health-protective behaviours. Specifically, this study examined the importance of health-related quality of life and subjective well-being in motivating evacuation preparedness, measured in a community sample (n=695) drawn from the general adult population of Wellington’s isolated eastern suburbs. Using a quantitative epidemiological approach, the study measured the prevalence of key quality of life indicators (physical and mental health, emotional well-being or “Sense of Coherence”, spiritual well-being, social well-being, and life satisfaction) using validated psychometric scales; analysed the strengths of association between these indicators and the level of evacuation preparedness at categorical and continuous levels of measurement; and tested the predictive power of the model to explain the variance in evacuation preparedness activity. This is the first study known to examine multi-dimensional positive health and global well-being as resilient processes for engaging in evacuation preparedness behaviour. A cross-sectional study design and quantitative survey were used to collect self-report data on the study variables; a postal questionnaire was fielded between November 2008 and March 2009 to a sampling frame developed through multi-stage cluster randomisation. The survey response rate was 28.5%, yielding a margin of error of +/- 3.8% with 95% confidence and 80% statistical power to detect a true correlation coefficient of 0.11 or greater. In addition to the primary study variables, data were collected on demographic and ancillary variables relating to contextual factors in the physical environment (risk perception of physical and personal vulnerability to disaster) and the social environment (through the construct of self-determination), and other measures of disaster preparedness. These data are reserved for future analyses. Results of correlational and regression analyses for the primary study variables show that Wellingtonians are highly individualistic in how their well-being influences their preparedness, and a majority are taking inadequate action to build their resilience to future disaster from earthquake- or tsunami-triggered evacuation. At a population level, the conceptual multi-dimensional model of health-related quality of life and global well-being tested in this study shows a positive association with evacuation preparedness at statistically significant levels. However, it must be emphasised that the strength of this relationship is weak, accounting for only 5-7% of the variability in evacuation preparedness. No single dimension of health-related quality of life or well-being stands out as a strong predictor of preparedness. The strongest associations for preparedness are in a positive direction for spiritual well-being, emotional well-being, and life satisfaction; all involve a sense of existential meaningfulness. Spiritual well-being is the only quality of life variable making a statistically significant unique contribution to explaining the variance observed in the regression models. Physical health status is weakly associated with preparedness in a negative direction at a continuous level of measurement. No association was found at statistically significant levels for mental health status and social well-being. These findings indicate that engaging in evacuation preparedness is a very complex, holistic, yet individualised decision-making process, and likely involves highly subjective considerations for what is personally relevant. Gender is not a factor. Those 18-24 years of age are least likely to prepare and evacuation preparedness increases with age. Multidimensional health and global well-being are important constructs to consider in disaster resilience for both pre-event and post-event timeframes. This work indicates a need for promoting self-management of risk and building resilience by incorporating a sense of personal meaning and importance into preparedness actions, and for future research into further understanding preparedness motivations.

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Mpazayabo, Albert. "The personal perception of HIV and AIDS related infection risk among African refugee communities of Cape Town." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014.

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Thesis (Mphil)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Political instability involving civil wars which had been prevailing mostly within the African Great Lakes Region caused great numbers since the 1990s of civilian populations to move to and fro within the borders and sometimes beyond its frontiers in search of both safer homes and better living conditions. Socio-economic hardships experienced by these people constrained them to engage in various migration movements, thus making them more vulnerable to a variety of diseases and pandemics, among which Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Sub–Saharan Africa has been bearing the brunt of HIV pandemic, and South Africa is believed to have the highest HIV prevalence. The present study was a quantitative survey exploring personal perception of HIV infection risk among African émigré communities of the Cape Metropolitan area. Only thirty four heterosexual active participants, who had joined their partners in South Africa after a certain period of temporary separation, were considered for final analysis using descriptive statistics. A relatively high perception of HIV infection risk was found among both males and females. However, the perceived risk did not necessarily determine sexual behaviour. No significant reciprocal relationship was found between the perceived risk and one important sexual risk behaviour. HIV and AIDS related stigma was found to be relatively high and the use of condoms prejudiced by tendencies of personal moralistic values. The present study has made relevant recommendations as to promote more preventive behaviours among the present African émigré community.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Politieke onstabiliteit wat burgeroorloë meebring kom sedert die 1990’s meestal in die Groot Mere-streek van Afrika voor en het veroorsaak dat groot groepe van burgerlike bevolkings heen en weer tussen grense beweeg en soms grense oorsteek op soek na beter en veiliger tuistes en beter lewensomstandighede. Die sosio-ekonomiese ontberings wat deur hierdie mense ervaar is het hulle verplig om by verskeie migrasiebewegings betrokke te raak. Dit het hulle kwesbaar gemaak vir ’n verskeidenheid siektes en pandemies, waaronder die menslike immuniteitsgebreksvirus (MIV) en verworwe immuniteitsgebreksindroom (Vigs). Sub-Sahara-Afrika het die ergste van die MIV-pandemie getrotseer en Suid-Afrika het na bewering die hoogste MIV-voorkoms. Hierdie studie is ’n kwantatiewe opname wat die persoonlike persepsie van die risiko van MIV-infeksie onder Afrika-uitgeweke gemeenskappe in die Kaapse Metropoolgebied ondersoek het. Slegs 34 heteroseksuele, seksueel aktiewe deelnemers wat na ’n tydperk van tydelike skeiding by hul (lewens) maats in Suid-Afrika aangesluit het, is vir die finale analise oorweeg met behulp van beskrywende statistiek. Onder mans sowel as vroue is ’n relatief hoë persepsie van infeksierisiko gevind. Die waargenome risiko het egter nie noodwendig seksuele gedrag bepaal nie. Geen beduidende omgekeerde verhouding is tussen die waargenome risiko en een belangrike seksuele risikogedragsaspek gevind nie. Daar is bevind dat MIV en Vigsverwante stigma relatief hoog is en dat daar weens tendense van persoonlike moralistiese waardes vooroordeel teen die gebruik van kondome bestaan. Hierdie studie het relevante aanbevelings gedoen om meer voorkomende gedragspatrone onder die huidige Afrika-uitgeweke gemeenskap te bevorder.

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Mendes, Patricia Brant Mourão Teixeira. "Percepção de risco ambiental em cortiço vertical: uma metodologia de avaliação." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6134/tde-27122006-203443/.

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A presente tese de doutorado é o resultado de uma pesquisa-ação sobre a percepção de risco ambiental de moradores em um cortiço vertical na região central da cidade de São Paulo, como parte integrante de um projeto interdisciplinar sobre a requalificação de cortiços verticais, desenvolvido pela Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo e pela Faculdade de Saúde Pública da USP. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo desenvolver uma metodologia de avaliação de percepção de risco para monitorar e gerenciar as situações de perigo em comunidades que residam em habitações precárias verticalizadas. Por se tratar de uma pesquisa-ação, apresenta um estudo longitudinal de três anos (2003-2006). A metodologia utilizada foi assentada em alguns princípios: a participação popular, a construção de novos conhecimentos, o exercício coletivo de tomada de decisões, a aprendizagem coletiva de novas habilidades e o fortalecimento emancipatório dos moradores. Programas de gerenciamento de risco ambiental voltado para cortiços inexistem em São Paulo; assim a proposta da construção de um plano de gerenciamento pelos moradores tornou-se importante neste processo e valeu-se de estratégias comuns, possíveis de serem implantadas pelo poder público e ou replicáveis por outras instituições. A participação da população na tomada de decisões possibilitou uma mudança nas percepções e nos hábitos existentes, motivando-a a formular um gerenciamento mais eficaz dos riscos, promovendo melhorias na qualidade de vida no cortiço.
This study is about the perception of environmental health risks by inhabitants living in a vertical slum building in the central area of São Paulo. This research is part of big social project for requalification of vertical slum buildings. developed by two Post- Graduation Center: Architecture(Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo-FAU) and Public Heath (Faculdade de Saúde Pública _FSP. This study is an action research which takes place in a building finished by its inhabitants. It portrays the reality of poor urban population living under the threats of environmentally hazardous areas. This study is longitudinal with a focus on the need of a specific methodology to analyze the process of popular awareness of risks in such hazardous areas. This study was based on population access to information, collective knowledge construction, participation on the collective decision making and the learning of new skills. The main goal of this project was to develop an assessment method in risks perception to be used in environmental health risk communication for communities living in hazardous areas. Therefore, there is no environmental risk policy or program for slum buildings in Brazil. This experience provided good results and possibilities for a policy in this field. Finally, this experience has shown that it is possible to empower the inhabitants through the participation in the collective decision-making process, with news knowledges, news abilities, new behavior and also a possibility of projects to enhance the quality of life.

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Yoon, Eunju. "Food defense management plan implementation intention : an application of protection motivation theory." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/439.

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Kibirige, Simon Namukonge. "The knowledge and perceptions of the risks of contracting HIV/AIDS and the sexual behavior of high school learners in Port St Johns Municipality, South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86690.

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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study attempts to identify HIV/AIDS knowledge gaps and the factors which influence the perceptions of the risks of contracting of HIV/AIDS, in relation to the sexual behavior of high school learners in Port St Johns Municipality. In order to do this, a close ended questionnaire was administered to 116 learners from three senior secondary schools in Port St Johns Municipality. Frequency table counts and percentages were used to describe HIV/AIDS knowledge, the perceptions of the risks of contracting of HIV/AIDS and the risky sexual behaviors by learners. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used in the inferential analysis. From the data, it was clear that a significant proportion of learners had gaps in their knowledge of HIV/AIDS. Female senior secondary school learners were slightly more knowledgeable than their male counterparts, in that 60% of the female learners were correct in their knowledge of HIV/AIDS, compared to 57 % of males. According to the data, 58 % of male high school learners correctly interpreted the perceptions of the risks of contracting HIV/AIDS, compared to 56% of their female counterparts. These low percentages suggest that the high school learners have inadequate skills in interpreting the perceptions of the risks of contracting of HIV/AIDS. Another finding was that 74 % of female learners do not engage in risky sexual behaviors which might lead to a contraction of HIV/AIDS, compared to 67 % of male learners. Male learners, as well as the female learners, had a Pearson Product Moment Correlation coefficient: r=0.522 for males and r= -0.268 for females, in terms of perceptions of risks of contracting of HIV/AIDS and engaging in risky sexual behavior. In other words, the results indicate that if males perceive the risks more acutely, they will not take such risks, whereas females are not easily influenced by the perceptions of risks and the way in which they behave. The study recommends that stakeholders of the schools craft HIV/AIDS programmes and policies that bridge the knowledge gaps and reduce or eliminate inaccurate perceptions of the risks of contracting HIV/AIDS, so as to enable learners to adopt safer sexual behaviors.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie poog om gapings in MIV/Vigs kennis te identifiseer en die faktore wat die persepsies van die risiko's van die kontraktering van MIV, met betrekking tot die seksuele gedrag van hoërskoolleerders in Port St Johns Munisipaliteit beïnvloed. Ten einde dit te doen, is 'n vraelys geadministreer onder 116 leerders van drie senior sekondêre skole in Port St Johns Munisipaliteit. Frekwensietabel-tellings en persentasies is gebruik om MIV/Vigs kennis te beskryf, die persepsies van die risiko's van die kontraktering van MIV en die riskante seksuele gedrag deur leerders. Die Pearson Produk Oomblik korrelasie is gebruik in die inferensiële analise. Die data toon dat ‘n aansienlike persentasie van die leerders ‘n tekort aan kennis het rakende MIV/Vigs. Vroulike senior sekondêre leerders toon effens meer kennis as hul manlike eweknieë, 60% van die vroulike leerders korrek was in hul kennis van MIV/Vigs, in vergelyking met 57% van die mans. 58% van die manlike hoërskoolleerders het die persepsies van die risiko's van MIV/Vigs korrek geïnterpreteer, in vergelyking met 56% van hul vroulike eweknieë. Hierdie lae persentasies dui daarop dat die hoërskoolleerders onvoldoende vaardighede het in die interpretasie van die persepsies van die risiko's van die kontraktering van MIV. Nog 'n bevinding was dat 74% van vroulike leerders nie betrokke is in riskante seksuele gedrag wat kan lei tot MIV-infeksie nie, in vergelyking met 67% van die manlike leerders. Manlike leerders, sowel as die vroulike leerders, het 'n Pearson Produk korrelasiekoëffisiënt: r = 0,522 vir mans en r = -0,268 vir vroue, in terme van die persepsies van risiko's van kontraktering van MIV/Vigs en betrokke te raak in riskante seksuele gedrag. Die studie beveel aan dat belanghebbendes van skole MIV/Vigs-programme en beleide ontwikkel wat die kennisgapings oorbrug en onakkurate persepsies verminder rakende die risiko van MIV-infeksie, met die doel dat leerder veiliger seksuele gerag sal toon.

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Sung, Martin (Ming-Che). "The perception and management of pollution risks in Taiwan's electric utility." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313175.

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This thesis is the study of the perception and management of pollution risks in Taiwan's electric utility in terms of a social science paradigm of risk. It represents the first examination of Feng Shui belief impact on Taiwanese risk behaviour in electric risk settings. The deep seated culture and widespread practice of Feng Shui in traditional Chinese society would lead to the assumption that Feng Shui belief should strongly influence Taiwan risk behaviour. This empirical study research revealed that Feng Shui belief is much less important to Taiwanese risk behaviour than might have been thought. Most of the variation in electric risk acceptability resulted from the influence of social equity and justice. This study also examined the literature between Feng Shui and risk. What emerged from this is the notion that Feng Shui can be regarded as helpful complementary thinking in a social science paradigm of risk. This study suggests a number of important implications for Taipower Company and risk regulators. The choice about siting of a power plant should take account of the concept of Feng Shui the boundary rather than the concept of the fixed and administrative boundary. Implication also emerged in relation to social trust and the understanding of local residents' risk perception

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Lages, Nadine Cathérine [Verfasser]. "Risk Perception and Behavior Related to Changing Health Risks / Nadine Cathérine Lages." Konstanz : KOPS Universität Konstanz, 2021. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:352-2-1jreaj87dwsce3.

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Horgby, Per-Johan. "Essays on sharing, management and evaluation of health risks /." Göteborg : Nationalekonomiska inst., Handelshögsk, 1997. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=008000677&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Alawaji, Ahmed S. "Privacy and security risks for national health records systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118558.

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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2018.
Page 104 blank. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 101-103).
A review of national health records (NEHR) systems shows that privacy and security risks have a profound impact on the success of such projects. Countries have different approaches when dealing with privacy and security considerations. The aims of this study were to explore how governments can design secure national health records systems. To do that systematically, we developed a framework to analyze NEHR systems. We then applied the framework to investigate the privacy and security risks in these systems. The studied systems demonstrate that getting privacy and security right have a considerable impact on the success of NEHR projects. Also, our study reveals that the healthcare system structure has a substantial impact on the adoption and usage rates of the system. The studied cases uncover many opportunities for improving privacy and security measures in future projects. The framework demonstrates the utility of applying it to the three cases.
by Ahmed S. Alawaji.
S.M. in Engineering and Management

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Espiner, Stephen. "The phenomenon of risk and its management in natural resource recreation and tourism settings : a case study of Fox and Franz Josef Glaciers, Westland National Park, New Zealand." Lincoln University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/638.

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The significance of risk is growing in many Western societies, a phenomenon linked to increasing individualism, personal choice, and outcome uncertainty in multiple spheres of life. Despite being healthier and more physically protected from harm than any previous society, a serious concern for safety and risk control is emerging as a defining characteristic of modern social life. Within the context of a risk-averse society, this thesis investigates the nature and relevance of risk in natural resource recreation and tourism settings. Millions of people every day visit national parks and other protected areas around the world in which natural hazards inhere. Many visitors fail to recognise these hazards, creating moral, legal, and ethical issues for natural resource managers. People travel to national parks anticipating a degree of adventure, to escape routines, and to witness the grandeur of nature. Ironically, the very qualities that attract people to natural areas may also put them at risk. Managers of natural resource tourism and recreation areas in New Zealand are confronted with a paradox born out of visitor demand for nature experiences, a legal obligation to facilitate free access, and a growing social emphasis on health and safety. In particular, this study assesses the risk perceptions of visitors to the Fox and Franz Josef glaciers, popular tourist attractions on the West Coast of New Zealand's South Island, and explores the risk perceptions and beliefs of resource management agency staff. The study also investigates the issue of risk communication at these two sites, and the degree to which existing hazard messages are successful at encouraging appropriate visitor behaviour. Pictorial hazard warning signs are introduced to the sites and their effectiveness evaluated. The findings show that many visitors (especially international visitors) have relatively poor awareness of natural hazards, and behave in ways which potentially compromise physical safety. It is argued that perceptions and behaviour are a consequence of diverse individual and situational factors including limited knowledge of the sites, beliefs about management, poor comprehension of hazard warning signs, and freedom from the normative constraints of everyday life. In contrast to visitors, managers at the glacier sites consider the risks to be significant, and, potentially, severe. It is argued that managers' perceptions of risk are influenced by several important social and site-specific factors, including their own experiences of hazards at the glaciers, perceived legal and moral obligations, the organisational culture, and impressions of high societal expectation concerning safety. The situation is further complicated by the freedom of access principle in national parks, and increasing tourist demand for nature-based experiences. These factors governed beliefs about the subject of risk. This study identifies several dimensions of risk in nature-based recreation and tourism settings. Visitors are at risk of personal accident or injury at certain tourism attractions. Awareness of hazards is limited, visitor behaviour compromises safety, and existing communication strategies are only partially effective. Risk is also apparent in the agency responsible for management of outdoor recreation areas. Site managers perceive a risk in their failure to prevent visitors from harm, whereas senior managers identify risk as primarily financial, legal, and political. Collectively, these factors demonstrate that the phenomenon of risk is increasingly important in the tourism and recreation context, and has the potential to influence significantly both management and experience of protected natural areas in New Zealand.

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Cooper, Philip. "The role of perception in the formation of economic preferences over environmental health risks." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365122.

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Ryan, Anthony Eugene Stephen. "Risk perceptions associated with mental illness and the risk management strategies of service users and informal carers." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322339.

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Maniatis, Thomas 1972. "Nonvalidated practices : understanding the issues and balancing the risks." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79043.

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Nonvalidated practices are characterized by a therapeutic intent and a relative lack of evidence to support their adoption into the practice of medicine. They occupy a continuum of progressive departures from the standard of care, bounded on the one extreme by validated practices and on the other by research. Presently, nonvalidated practices are performed largely at the discretion of physicians, and this approach has been justified by appeal to the notions of professional autonomy and societal beneficence. Current guidelines do not require any special form of monitoring of nonvalidated practices. However, the principle of non-maleficence favours the adoption of a novel monitoring system which would assure the protection of patients and society. This novel monitoring system should be based on a review which is proportionate, prospective, and primarily local but with an important national element. As well, such a system should be based largely on the existing hospital practice committees.

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Zwickle, Adam K. "Communicating Environmental Risks." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1397500693.

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Burnett, Elizabeth Anne. "The Influence of Farmer Stress and Hardiness on Adoption of Best Management Practices in the Maumee Watershed." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1405694911.

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Rossell, Melinda S. "When is Perception Everything? Examining Nurse Perception of Shift-to-Shift Hand-off Report." Thesis, Carlow University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10812598.

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Despite concerted efforts to improve the process of shift-to-shift hand-off report (SHR), challenges and barriers continue to threaten the integrity of information shared between nurses. Research studies have demonstrated that vulnerabilities in SHR have been associated with clinical practice demographic factors, lack of a standardized process and tools, and differences in perceived value of SHR.

A quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted to identify nurse perception of SHR processes, factors that influence nurse perception of SHR, and nurse perception of bedside shift report (BSR) versus alternative SHR methods. Participants included a convenience sample of registered nursing students (n=49) enrolled in RN-BSN or MSN programs at a private southwestern Pennsylvania university. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and two independent t-Tests were used to analyze data collected from the Handover Evaluation Scale.

Study results revealed there was no statistically significant difference between nurse perception of SHR processes, demographic factors that influence SHR, and the locality of SHR (BSR). In addition, the majority of nurses identified a reluctance to change current practice of conducting the SHR process. There was no identified association between nurse perception of the quality of information (p=.22), interaction and support (p=.96), or efficiency (p=.17) of SHR.

As nurses are key stakeholders in the transfer of crucial up-to-date patient care information, nurse perception of the SHR needs to be further examined and evaluated to improve patient care outcomes. Quality assurance measures are the hallmark of standardized processes to ensure the delivery of safe and effective care.

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Turac, Jannis. "Risks with construction project risk management : An insight into how professionals within the construction industry manage risk." Thesis, KTH, Ledning och organisering i byggande och förvaltning, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-277014.

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In one of the largest and most important industries in Sweden, the construction industry, the success of the projects can be closely related to how uncertainties of outcomes or risk are managed. For a construction project to be successful, different individuals and organizations need to provide their knowledge and experience to fulfill the project scope. Risk is something that, if properly managed, will make the project achieve and perhaps surpass these goals and if not, make the project underperform. There exist frameworks for how risk should be managed and also theories for how past experience influence future decisions. How risk within construction projects are managed is related to the experience of the team members as well as top management’s insight in the risk management process. Through a qualitative approach, based on literature as well as interviews, this master thesis provides an insight into how the key project participants are managing risk. Further, this study examines possible shortcomings with risk management practices and proposes management strategies for these. In this study, consultants working with both developers and contractors have been included to share their view. The results of this study show that current risk management practices deviate from the practice proposed within research and industry related literature. This makes the construction projects to rely heavily on individual’s knowledge and there is a risk that lessons learned will not be spread within the organization or the society. Further, risk and opportunities are often managed within the same framework which does not provide for risk to be managed accordingly and opportunities to be exploited. It is proposed that professionals within the industry have a risk propensity that is rather unchanged by gaining more experience but there exists a shift in how risk is perceived. These findings are closely related to how much insight top management within the organization have. Today, most efforts are concentrated on how the project is performing in relation to the budget and schedule which makes risk management a reactive rather than a proactive measure.
I en av Sveriges största och viktigaste branscher, byggbranschen, kan byggprojektens resultat vara nära relaterat till hur osäkerheter samt risk hanteras. För att ett byggprojekt ska bli framgångsrikt måste alla inblandande parter bidra med sina kunskaper och erfarenheter för att uppfylla projektets mål. Risk är någonting som genom en bra hantering antingen kan överträffa dessa mål eller istället göra att projektet misslyckas att nå dessa. Det finns ramverk för hur risker ska hanteras samt teorier för hur tidigare erfarenheter påverkar framtida beslut. Hur risker inom byggprojekt hanteras är relaterat till projektgruppernas erfarenhet samt företagsledningens insyn i riskhanteringsprocessen. Genom en kvalitativ studie baserad på såväl litteratur som intervjuer ger denna masteruppsats en inblick i hur de viktigaste projektdeltagarna hanterar risk. Vidare undersöker denna uppsats även vilka risker själva riskhanteringsprocessen har samt föreslår åtgärder för dessa. I denna studie har konsulter med erfarenheter av att arbeta med både beställare och byggentreprenörer inkluderats för att få en så bred syn som möjligt på hanteringen från de olika parterna. Resultatet av denna studie visar att den nuvarande riskhanteringsprocessen inom flera av organisationerna avviker från den modell som förespråkas av forskning och branschorganisationer. Detta gör att organisationerna ofta förlitar sig på individernas kunskap och att lärdomar sprids dåligt inom organisationen och samhället. Vidare så hanteras risker och möjligheter ofta på samma sätt vilket innebär att risker inte hanteras rätt och möjligheter utnyttjas inte. Dessutom verkar yrkesverksamma inom branschen ha en riskbenägenhet som är relativt oförändrad av erfarenhet men deras uppfattning av risk förskjuts. Resultaten är nära relaterade till hur stor insyn och delaktighet organisationernas ledning har i själva riskhanteringsprocessen. Idag handlar det mycket om att ledningen har en reaktiv inställning till risker, efter att dessa fallit ut, istället för att ta till proaktiva åtgärder.

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Martin, Olwenn V. "Environmental and health implications of oestrogenic compounds in sewage : risks and management options." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.512077.

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Thomas, Maurice A. "Evaluating Electronic Health Records Interoperability Symbiotic Relationship to Information Management Governance Security Risks." Thesis, Northcentral University, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13808526.

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A major initiative in the U.S. healthcare care industry is to establish a nationwide health information network securing the sharing of information between all involved U.S. healthcare stakeholders. However, implementing an interoperability solution is a massive, complex, and enduring effort with significant challenges such as inconsistent technology and data standards, as well as complex privacy and security issues. The purpose of this qualitative, case study is to examine the impacts of interoperability initiatives involving the U.S. government and to provide an understanding of the information governance and security risk as standards that are vendor-neutral and trustworthy. This qualitative case study was conducted using federal participants who are health information management (HIM) and health information technology (HIT) professionals working in the Washington DC metropolitan area. The participants' interview data revealed nine major themes; patient identification matching, payment claims and auditing, information sharing, data stewardship, regulatory compliance, technology enhancements, training and certification, standards optimization, and value-based care. The implication of the study's themes showed interoperability is beneficial to the healthcare industry, but there is a greater need for technology and data standardization, information governance, data stewardship, and a greater understanding of federal and state data privacy and security laws. Future recommendation for practices discussed; policy and regulatory adjustments to enhance auditing and compliance, establish a healthcare data ecosystem to improve data and information governance, and technology alternatives such as master data management and white space data. Recommendation for further research included expanding the sample population to compare other federal organizations or the United Kingdom's HIT interoperability project initiative.

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Kupperman, Laura. "Understanding Obesity, Related Health Risks and Barriers to Weight Management in Women Veterans." NSUWorks, 2012. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/cps_stuetd/46.

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The aim of the current study is to understand the health trajectory of female veterans who participated in a VHA sponsored weight management program and explore possible barriers to sustained weight loss and improved metabolic functioning over time. Obesity is a major health concern for discharged service members and women veterans in particular are faced with an increasing prevalence of obesity at a younger age with obese ethnic minorities posing the greatest health risk over time. The current study measured body mass index (BMI), triglycerides, and total cholesterol in female participants enrolled in the MOVE! ® Weight Management Program for Veterans at the Miami VAHS from 2005-2008 (N = 170). The sample was derived from an archival data set and participants were predominantly non-Hispanic Black (NHB) (n = 93, 54.7%), with a mean age of 48.26 (SD = 11.77) and BMI of 34.97 (SD = 6.61) at program entry. Medical information was gathered as part of routine primary care and participants were not asked to provide additional information. Multilevel modeling was utilized to measure change in BMI, triglycerides, and total cholesterol across seven time points before and after MOVE! ® participation. For the piecewise model, results showed a positive linear growth pattern in BMI prior to program enrollment, SE = .12, p < .001, and a negative linear pattern post-intervention, SE = .08, p = .05. For the continuous models, significant differences in triglycerides were observed between ethnic groups at program entry, but overall triglycerides did not significantly change over time. A significant negative linear effect was found for total cholesterol, SE = 1.08, p < .001. Age was found to be a significant negative predictor of triglycerides, SE = .003, p = .008, and total cholesterol, SE = .27, p = .003. VA user status, small sample size, and other extraneous lifestyle factors not directly measured in the current study may explain the lack of significant differences in BMI found between ethnic groups relative to literature on weight loss outcomes. Additionally, BMI in women may underestimate their total fat, which for the present study may explain why larger improvements in metabolic functioning were not observed. Future designs may consider measuring waist circumference to understand the complex relationship between total fat distribution and markers for poor health and utilizing a tailored approach to weight management.

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Palm, Anton, and Jonathan Bengtsson. "FÖRSLAG TILL MINSKNING AV OLYCKOR FÖR SNICKARE I PRODUKTIONSSTADIET." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Byggnadsteknik och belysningsvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-45632.

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Purpose: The construction industry is the industry with the largest amount of accidentseach year. The industry accounts for 20-40 percent of all fatal work accidents. Thereare several reasons why a lot of accidents occur in the industry but most of the accidentsis due to unsafe acts. The aim of the study is to investigate how the situation appearstoday and to present a suggestion to reduce the amount of accident for carpenters in theproduction. This has been done by answering the following questions: Why does accidents happen to carpenters in the production? In which operation, in the production, does most of the accidents occur? What can be given as a proposal to reduce the number of accidents for carpentersin the production stage?Method: Collection of data is mainly relied on interviews of carpenters, supervisorsand site managers. The method that is used is semi-structured interviews, documentanalysis and literature study. The interviews have been done with employees from threedifferent companies.Findings: The study has concluded that most accidents happens on heights and thatthey mostly happens of unsafe acts and that risk perception is not enough.By involving carpenters in the planning state can risks be detected and handled in anearly state. An improved communication between carpenters and the managementresult in discussion about risks and safety improves. The results of this is a saferenvironment and a decrease in work accidents.Implications: Work accidents can decrease through planning where carpenters areincluded in an early state. There should also be an open communication between thecarpenters and the management where safety will be discussed.Limitations: This study is limited to carpenters in the production because a study thatexamines all disciplines are too extensive for 15 HP. The interviews are limited to fivecarpenters, one foreman and two site managers. Because of this the study can´t bequalified to be generalizable though the study is considered transmittable to most of theconstruction companies.
Syfte: Byggbranschen är den bransch med flest antal anmälda yrkesolyckor per år.Branschen står för 20–40 procent av alla dödliga arbetsolyckor. Det finns flera orsakertill varför det sker så mycket olyckor i branschen men majoriteten beror på osäkrahandlingar. Syftet och målet med studien är att undersöka hur situationen ser ut idagsamt lämna ett förslag på hur man kan minska antalet olyckor för snickare iproduktionen. Detta har gjorts genom att besvara följande frågeställning: Varför uppstår det olyckor för snickare i produktionsstadiet? I vilket moment, i produktionen, uppstår det flest olyckor? Vad kan ges som förslag för att minska antalet olyckor för snickare iproduktionsstadiet?Metod: Insamling av data är främst förlitat sig på intervjuer av snickare, arbetsledareoch platschefer. De metoder som har använts i undersökningen är semistruktureradeintervjuer, dokumentanalyser och litteraturstudier. Intervjuerna är genomförda medpersoner från tre olika företag.Resultat: Genom studien har det framkommit att flest olyckor sker vid arbete på höghöjd och att olyckor beror mestadels av osäkra handlingar där riskhanteringen fallerar.Genom att involvera snickare i planeringen av arbetet kan riskmoment upptäckas ochhanteras i ett tidigt stadie. En förbättrad kommunikation mellan snickare och ledningenresulterar i att diskussioner om risker och säkerhet förbättras. Resultatet av detta är ensäkrare arbetsmiljö samt en minskning av arbetsolyckor.Konsekvenser: Arbetet är att arbetsolyckor kan minskas genom planering där snickareinvolveras samt en öppen kommunikation mellan snickare och ledningen där säkerhetkan diskuteras.Begränsningar: Arbetet är begränsat till endast snickare i produktionen då ett arbetesom undersöker alla yrkesgrupper inom byggbranschen blir för omfattande för 15 HP.Då intervjuerna är begränsade till fem snickare, en arbetsledare och två platschefer kanarbetet inte kvalificeras som generaliserbart dock anses arbetet vara överföringsbart påde flesta företag inom branschen.

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Cuny, Gérard. "Les crises épidémiques de l'empire romain, 27 av. J.-C. - 476 ap. J.-C." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Montpellier 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023MON30036.

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De nombreuses sources attestent d’épidémies, et divers récits font référence à des « pestes », noms génériques pour désigner de graves maladies infectieuses épidémiques qui ont marqué l’Empire Romain. Les récits qui nous sont parvenus ne donnent pas ou très rarement des indications sur l’épidémiologie, les symptômes, les signes ou l’évolution des maladies responsables, mais à défaut de pouvoir poser un diagnostic précis il parait plausible, compte-tenu de nos connaissances actuelles, d’avancer des hypothèses sur leur nature. Pour chaque épidémie, l’identification des agents pathogènes potentiellement responsables, et leurs interactions avec les populations du passé, est réalisée. Ensuite, une recherche/compréhension est menée, afin d’expliquer l’apparition de la maladie infectieuse, la dynamique de son comportement temporel et spatial, la taille critique des populations hôtes, l’importance et les effets de modifications environnementales ou bioclimatiques qui ont contribué à sa diffusion. Pour mieux expliciter ces événements épidémiques, un état des lieux des connaissances médicales de l’époque était indispensable : quelles conceptions avaient les médecins des maladies, de leurs causes et de leurs variétés, des notions de transmissibilité des maladies infectieuses. Sont abordés ensuite les différents facteurs démographiques (densité de peuplement, état sanitaire, migrations), socio-économiques (pauvreté, carences nutritionnelles, pressions humaines sur l'environnement), climatiques et écologiques qui, individuellement ou en conjonction, pouvaient favoriser le développement d’une épidémie. Enfin, la perception du risque épidémique, dans ses dimensions cognitives (connaissance et compréhension du risque) et émotionnelle (ressenti du risque et comportement), ainsi que la manière dont l’Etat et les populations s’attachaient à se prémunir ou à subir les flambées épidémiques sont considérées. L’Empire romain a été confronté à des épidémies majeures, premières pandémies meurtrières décrites dans l’histoire qui vont contribuer à son affaiblissement et indirectement à l’essor du christianisme
Many sources attest to epidemics, and various stories refer to "plagues", generic names to designate serious epidemic infectious diseases that marked the Roman Empire. The stories that have come down to us do not or very rarely give any information on the epidemiology, symptoms, signs or evolution of the diseases responsible, but in the absence of being able to make a precise diagnosis, it seems plausible, taking into account our current knowledge, to put forward hypotheses on their nature. For each epidemic, the identification of potentially responsible pathogens, and their interactions with past populations, is carried out. Then, a research/understanding is carried out, in order to explain the appearance of the infectious disease, the dynamics of its temporal and spatial behavior, the critical size of the host populations, the importance and the effects of environmental or bioclimatic modifications which have contributed to its dissemination. To better explain these epidemic events, an inventory of medical knowledge of the time was essential: what were the conceptions that doctors had of diseases, their causes and their varieties, notions of the transmissibility of infectious diseases. The various demographic (population density, health status, migrations), socio-economic (poverty, nutritional deficiencies, human pressures on the environment), climatic and ecological factors which individually or in conjunction could favor the development of a epidemic. Finally, the perception of the epidemic risk, in its cognitive (knowledge and understanding of the risk) and emotional (feeling of the risk and behavior) dimensions, as well as the way in which the State and the populations endeavored to protect themselves or to suffer the epidemic outbreaks are considered. The Roman Empire was confronted with major epidemics, the first deadly pandemics described in history which will contribute to its weakening and indirectly to the rise of Christianity

31

Delgado, Adam. "Factors contributing to the perception of physicians' listening." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1585634.

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This study analyzes different demographic groups and the ability to understand a physician and how this contributes to feeling carefully listened to. There are four hypotheses being tested, each predicting a different group within each variable will feel the most carefully listened to. The Statistical Package for Social Services (SPSS) was used to analyze data from the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS). The portion of the survey that focused on adults was utilized in this study. Data was analyzed using t-tests and ANOVA tests. The results of the study determined that the elderly, males, and participants that could understand their physician felt the most carefully listened to for each variable. As for race, Whites, African American, and participants that identified as more than one race felt more carefully listened to when compared to Asians and participants that identified as a race not specified. These finding only supported one hypothesis, participants that understood their physician would feel that most carefully listened to. Theses result are a valuable tool that can be used to being quality improvement efforts focused on patient centered communication.

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Yesilkayali, Aydin Sergen, and Eriksson Patrik Sidén. "The Subjective Perception of Risks by Individual Key Stakeholders Within SCRUM : A qualitative case study at an IT firm." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för informationssystem och -teknologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-36110.

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The lack of knowledge regarding the perception of risks in agile project management is evident in research. With this knowledge, this study sets out to address this issue and close the gap in knowledge regarding this issue by identifying the individual perception of risk by a project leader, SCRUM master, and two system developers, and comparing the individual appetite matrices to a unified appetite matrix created by a Delphi panel. A case study at an IT consulting firm, working with several projects in parallel, in Sweden is conducted. A risk register is used to collect the data, with the principle of assisting in creation of the risk appetite matrices. The result shows that the individual risk appetites differ significantly from the group’s unified risk appetite. The group showed itself far more risk aggressive than the individual appetite which was risk aversive in relation to the group’s appetite. The lack of RM practices is evident in smaller IT firms such as these, as there are no clear standardized approaches to the mapping or classification of risks; a far more informal approach is taken.

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Nguyen, To Ngoc. "Essays on econometric modeling of subjective perceptions of risks in environment and human health." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2626.

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Jackson, Kelly. "Qualitative Study Exploring Emergency Nurses' Perception of Patient-Initiated Violence." Thesis, University of Phoenix, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10750325.

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The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to explore emergency nurses’ perception of patient-initiated violence in eastern Tennessee. Twenty-four rural eastern Tennessee nurses participated in the study. The 24 participants were assigned to one of four gender specific focus groups. The focus groups offered qualitative data associated with the phenomenon. Themes and subthemes emerged from the analysis of participants responses using Colaizzi’s (1978) strategies. The responses were segmented and compared to identify similar phrases or words. The data analysis detected five themes. Victimization manifested as participants’ feelings and a lack of executive leadership support. Re-victimization due to rural nurses’ continual exposure to patients who previously committed violent acts. A lack of executive leadership support was identified. Self-care deficit resulting from the participants’ post-exposure symptoms. Distinct gender differences were evident in this study. Implications include exploring an open dialogue between emergency nurses, nursing leadership, and executive leadership to develop policies that support the rural emergency nurse and establish policies that mitigate violence. Gender differences can be explored through individual discussion with emergency leadership leading to an individualized action plan that can foster self-care, employee engagement, and retain staff at the bedside.

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Cano, Stefan, Christelle Chrea, Thomas Salzberger, Thomas Alfieri, Gerard Emilien, Nelly Mainy, Antonio Ramazzotti, Frank Lüdicke, and Rolf Weitkunat. "Development and validation of a new instrument to measure perceived risks associated with the use of tobacco and nicotine-containing products." BioMed Central, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12955-018-0997-5.

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Making tobacco products associated with lower risks available to smokers who would otherwise continue smoking is recognized as an important strategy towards addressing smoking-related harm. Predicting use behavior is an important major component of product risk assessment. In this context, risk perception is a possible factor driving tobacco product uptake and use. As prior to market launch real-world actual product use cannot be observed, assessing risk perception can provide predictive information. Considering the lack of suitable validated self-report instruments, the development of a new instrument was undertaken to quantify perceived risks of tobacco and nicotine-containing products by adult smokers, former smokers and never-smokers. Initial items were constructed based on a literature review, focus groups and expert opinion. Data for scale formation and assessment were obtained through two successive US-based web surveys (n=2020 and 1640 completers, respectively). Psychometric evaluation was based on Rasch Measurement Theory and Classical Test Theory. Psychometric evaluation supported the formation of an 18-item Perceived Health Risk scale and a 7-item Perceived Addiction Risk scale: item response option thresholds were ordered correctly for all items; item locations in each scale were spread out (coverage range 75-87%); scale reliability was supported by high person separation indices > 0.93, Cronbach's alpha > 0.98 and Corrected Item-Total Correlations > 0.88; and no differential item functioning was present. Construct validity evaluations met expectations through inter-scale correlations and findings from known-group comparisons. The Perceived Risk Instrument is a psychometrically robust instrument applicable for general and personal risk perception measurement, for use in different types of products (including cigarettes, nicotine replacement therapy, potential Modified Risk Tobacco Products), and for different status groups (i.e., current smokers with and without intention to quit, former smokers, never smokers).

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Eschweiler, Zachary Taylor. "Superparamagnetic Nanoparticle TechnologyAn Analysis of Water, Water-treatment, Health-risks of Contaminated Water, and a Proposed Solution." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1497012927923017.

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Travis, Elizabeth H. "IDENTIFYING PERCEIVED RISKS TO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS AND NEEDS FOR RISK COMMUNICATION IN A RURAL APPALACHIAN COMMUNITY." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/foodsci_etds/59.

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The goal of this study is to determine issues rural Appalachian residents consider most important, their perceived environmental health risk, and how community engagement can potentially improve those issues. The University of Kentucky Superfund Research Center held the Appalachian Community Health and Well-being Forum at the Letcher County Cooperative Extension Office in Eastern Kentucky. A four-member panel consisted of two local health officials, a nutrition expert, and a federal scientist; answered questions from community members. The expert panel and audience members shared concerns, success stories, and highlighted efforts to promote health in the region. Community members completed a questionnaire collecting information on perceived environmental health risk, fruit and vegetable intake, and basic demographic information. The concerns raised by community members were chronic disease, poverty, pollution, mental health, and wellness. Proposed solutions were compliance, nutrition, physical activity, education, empathy, funding, community engagement, awareness, holistic health, prevention, and insurance/policy change. The programs in place to combat these issues are FARMACY, Community Health Workers, transportation services, mobile dental vans, Kentucky River Watershed Watch, research, policy changes, and the CLIK program. The questionnaire showed that residents are aware of the types of pollution in their community and believe that illness is caused by pollution in their environment. Community residents feel that pollution is not something they should have to live with, they act to protect themselves from pollution, and likely to engage in community efforts to stop pollution in their community.

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Beaudequin, Denise A. "Modelling the public health risks associated with environmental exposures: A case study in wastewater reuse." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/100122/4/Denise_Beaudequin_Thesis.pdf.

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This project used a novel, probabilistic approach to overcome challenges of assessing health risks associated with recycled water. The thesis describes development of graphical statistical models combining key factors influencing risk of infection. The models were used to analyse exposure scenarios and risk management options for working or playing in public parks irrigated with recycled water and for consumption of recycled water-irrigated lettuce. Water managers can use the models interactively to vary exposure factors and assess outcomes of their decisions under different conditions.

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Guo, Xiaoqi. "The economic value of air-pollution-related health risks in China." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1155652414.

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Florini, Marita A. "Primary care providers' perception of care coordination needs and strategies in adult primary care practice." Thesis, State University of New York at Binghamton, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3630859.

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Problem: Medical and nursing literature poorly identify primary care providers' (PCP) relationship to care coordination (CC). Primary care providers' education, experience, and perspective, contribute to: (a) assessments of patient's care coordination needs, and (b) variability in behavior to address needs. Dissimilar approaches to CC by PCPs affect work relationships and office flow.

Purpose: To pre-pilot a new tool describing PCPs' knowledge, perception, and behavior regarding CC. Methods: Primary care physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants were surveyed.

Analysis: Frequencies and percentages provided sample characteristics. Descriptive statistics analyzed provider responses within and between groups. Narratives were analyzed for themes. Tool refinement is suggested however, the tool does describe PCPs and CC activities.

Significance: A tool was developed to evaluate areas of CC activity performed by PCPs. Information from surveys of PCPs can illuminate behaviors that lead to improved work flow, efficiency, and patient outcomes. Doctors of Nursing Practice who are PCPs contribute to primary care CC through leadership, experience, and descriptive evidence.

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Olagunju, Kehinde. "Drinking Water Quality Perception Survey in the SIUE Community." Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10685668.

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Water quality perception is borne out of various factors, which include taste, risk perception, water chemical and microbial parameters, trust in supplier, among others. This study addressed some of the factors that influence drinking water quality perception in the SIUE community for tap and bottled water. This was done through a survey that was delivered to the students, faculty, administration, staff, and alumni members of the university; a link to the online survey was provided via the school email, and a total number of 779 respondents participated in the survey. Some of the variables used in this study are based on general concern for taste, cost, water-chemicals (such as lead), drinking water behavior as well as demographic variables such as age, knowledge level and ethnicity. This study is based on data received from the survey conducted of the SIUE population for undergraduates, graduates, faculty, staff, administration, and alumni. Data were analyzed using several statistical methods including Spearman rank correlation coefficient and Kruskal-Wallis test. The results indicated that age and ethnicity have a significant impact on water quality perception. Drinking water behavior, age, and knowledge are well correlated in this study; therefore, they were not able to be separated.

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Babl, Christian Stephan [Verfasser]. "E-Mobility and Related Clean Technologies from an Empirical Corporate Finance Perspective : State of Economic Research, Sourcing Risks, and Capital Market Perception / Christian Stephan Babl." Frankfurt : Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1080458212/34.

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Cole-Hunter, Thomas Anthony. "Effects of air pollution exposure on adult bicycle commuters : an investigation of respiratory health, motorised traffic proximity and the utility of commute re-routing." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2012. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/61101/1/Thomas_Cole-Hunter_Thesis.pdf.

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Bicycle commuting has the potential to be an effective contributing solution to address some of modern society’s biggest issues, including cardiovascular disease, anthropogenic climate change and urban traffic congestion. However, individuals shifting from a passive to an active commute mode may be increasing their potential for air pollution exposure and the associated health risk. This project, consisting of three studies, was designed to investigate the health effects of bicycle commuters in relation to air pollution exposure, in a major city in Australia (Brisbane). The aims of the three studies were to: 1) examine the relationship of in-commute air pollution exposure perception, symptoms and risk management; 2) assess the efficacy of commute re-routing as a risk management strategy by determining the exposure potential profile of ultrafine particles along commute route alternatives of low and high proximity to motorised traffic; and, 3) evaluate the feasibility of implementing commute re-routing as a risk management strategy by monitoring ultrafine particle exposure and consequential physiological response from using commute route alternatives based on real-world circumstances; 3) investigate the potential of reducing exposure to ultrafine particles (UFP; < 0.1 µm) during bicycle commuting by lowering proximity to motorised traffic with real-time air pollution and acute inflammatory measurements in healthy individuals using their typical, and an alternative to their typical, bicycle commute route. The methods of the three studies included: 1) a questionnaire-based investigation with regular bicycle commuters in Brisbane, Australia. Participants (n = 153; age = 41 ± 11 yr; 28% female) reported the characteristics of their typical bicycle commute, along with exposure perception and acute respiratory symptoms, and amenability for using a respirator or re-routing their commute as risk management strategies; 2) inhaled particle counts measured along popular pre-identified bicycle commute route alterations of low (LOW) and high (HIGH) motorised traffic to the same inner-city destination at peak commute traffic times. During commute, real-time particle number concentration (PNC; mostly in the UFP range) and particle diameter (PD), heart and respiratory rate, geographical location, and meteorological variables were measured. To determine inhaled particle counts, ventilation rate was calculated from heart-rate-ventilation associations, produced from periodic exercise testing; 3) thirty-five healthy adults (mean ± SD: age = 39 ± 11 yr; 29% female) completed two return trips of their typical route (HIGH) and a pre-determined altered route of lower proximity to motorised traffic (LOW; determined by the proportion of on-road cycle paths). Particle number concentration (PNC) and diameter (PD) were monitored in real-time in-commute. Acute inflammatory indices of respiratory symptom incidence, lung function and spontaneous sputum (for inflammatory cell analyses) were collected immediately pre-commute, and one and three hours post-commute. The main results of the three studies are that: 1) healthy individuals reported a higher incidence of specific acute respiratory symptoms in- and post- (compared to pre-) commute (p < 0.05). The incidence of specific acute respiratory symptoms was significantly higher for participants with respiratory disorder history compared to healthy participants (p < 0.05). The incidence of in-commute offensive odour detection, and the perception of in-commute air pollution exposure, was significantly lower for participants with smoking history compared to healthy participants (p < 0.05). Females reported significantly higher incidence of in-commute air pollution exposure perception and other specific acute respiratory symptoms, and were more amenable to commute re-routing, compared to males (p < 0.05). Healthy individuals have indicated a higher incidence of acute respiratory symptoms in- and post- (compared to pre-) bicycle commuting, with female gender and respiratory disorder history indicating a comparably-higher susceptibility; 2) total mean PNC of LOW (compared to HIGH) was reduced (1.56 x e4 ± 0.38 x e4 versus 3.06 x e4 ± 0.53 x e4 ppcc; p = 0.012). Total estimated ventilation rate did not vary significantly between LOW and HIGH (43 ± 5 versus 46 ± 9 L•min; p = 0.136); however, due to total mean PNC, accumulated inhaled particle counts were 48% lower in LOW, compared to HIGH (7.6 x e8 ± 1.5 x e8 versus 14.6 x e8 ± 1.8 x e8; p = 0.003); 3) LOW resulted in a significant reduction in mean PNC (1.91 x e4 ± 0.93 x e4 ppcc vs. 2.95 x e4 ± 1.50 x e4 ppcc; p ≤ 0.001). Commute distance and duration were not significantly different between LOW and HIGH (12.8 ± 7.1 vs. 12.0 ± 6.9 km and 44 ± 17 vs. 42 ± 17 mins, respectively). Besides incidence of in-commute offensive odour detection (42 vs. 56 %; p = 0.019), incidence of dust and soot observation (33 vs. 47 %; p = 0.038) and nasopharyngeal irritation (31 vs. 41 %; p = 0.007), acute inflammatory indices were not significantly associated to in-commute PNC, nor were these indices reduced with LOW compared to HIGH. The main conclusions of the three studies are that: 1) the perception of air pollution exposure levels and the amenability to adopt exposure risk management strategies where applicable will aid the general population in shifting from passive, motorised transport modes to bicycle commuting; 2) for bicycle commuting at peak morning commute times, inhaled particle counts and therefore cardiopulmonary health risk may be substantially reduced by decreasing exposure to motorised traffic, which should be considered by both bicycle commuters and urban planners; 3) exposure to PNC, and the incidence of offensive odour and nasopharyngeal irritation, can be significantly reduced when utilising a strategy of lowering proximity to motorised traffic whilst bicycle commuting, without significantly increasing commute distance or duration, which may bring important benefits for both healthy and susceptible individuals. In summary, the findings from this project suggests that bicycle commuters can significantly lower their exposure to ultrafine particle emissions by varying their commute route to reduce proximity to motorised traffic and associated combustion emissions without necessarily affecting their time of commute. While the health endpoints assessed with healthy individuals were not indicative of acute health detriment, individuals with pre-disposing physiological-susceptibility may benefit considerably from this risk management strategy – a necessary research focus with the contemporary increased popularity of both promotion and participation in bicycle commuting.

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Mrdjen, Igor. "Harmful Algal Blooms in Small Lakes: Causes, Health Risks, and Novel Exposure Prevention Strategies." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1531135626251706.

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Domenech-Dorca, Gwenaël. "Déviances aux normes sexe et sexualité à risque(s) : représentations et impact du genre dans la perception des risques sexuels." Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100032/document.

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L’accès des femmes à une sexualité sans risque est soumis à l’image qu’elles se font de leurs partenaires. Nous nous proposons d’explorer l’impact des représentations de masculinité et de féminité dans la perception des risques sexuels. Cinq études seront mises en place afin d’étayer l’hypothèse générale suivante : les individus s’éloignant des normes de sexe de leurs groupes (hommes déviants et femmes déviantes) sont perçus comme prenant davantage de risques dans leurs sexualités que les individus en accord avec les prescriptions sociales (physiques et comportementales) de leur sexe.Nos résultats remettent en perspective une partie de la littérature. Pour une femme, un individu (sexe masculin ou féminin) correspondant aux attentes physiques et comportementales de son groupe de sexe prend plus de risques qu’un individu physiquement typique mais ayant des attitudes opposées à celles qui lui sont socialement préconisées (étude 3). Les normes comportementales, attribuées socialement aux hommes ou aux femmes, influencent directement l’image que l’on se fait d’une personne (étude 5). Ainsi, quel que soit son sexe, la présentation de comportements masculins amène à percevoir un individu comme ayant davantage de comportements à risques que lorsqu’il est décrit avec des comportements féminins
Women’s access to sexuality without risk is submitted to the perception they have of their partners. Our purpose is to explore the impact of masculinity and femininity representations into the sexual risks perception. Five studies will be presented to test this hypothesis: people who are far from their own sex group standards (deviant man or woman) are seen as people who are taking more risks in their sexuality than people who act in accordance with social prescriptions (physical appearance or behavior) concerning their sex. Our results puts into perspective one part of the literature. For a woman, a person (men or women) who is corresponding to the physical appearance and behavior expectations of her/his own sex group is taking more risks than a person with a typical physical aspect but with opposite social attitudes which are normally recommended (study #3). Standard behaviors, which are socially attributed to men and women, affect directly the image we have of a person (study #5). Indeed, whatever one’s sex, the presentation of a masculine behavior brings to perceive someone as a person who takes more risks than one described with feminine manners

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Selin, Emma. "Solid waste management and health effects : A qualitative study on awareness of risks and environmentally significant behavior in Mutomo, Kenya." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-66541.

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This report investigates possible health effects due to improper disposal of waste and the awareness within a community. The aim was also to investigate what is needed for a pro-environmental behavior in a rural area (Mutomo) within a developing country (Kenya). Waste management in developing countries has been and still remains a challenge, waste is left in nature and this has the potential for negative health effects on people and animals as well as degrading land and aquatic ecosystems. The used method was qualitative and for data collection in-depth interviews were conducted with help of an interpreter, interviewing guide, and a recording device. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using NVivo and thematic analysis. The result shows that all participants were aware of the health risks connected to waste. Much concern was raised amongst the community members, especially for the children’s health. All participants had a positive attitude towards re-collecting, re-using and recycling of waste, for the community members this was if a gain of income was obtained. Also the lack of responsibility by the general public was brought up by many participants as a social norm. To conclude if pro-environmental behavior is to be reached in Mutomo there has to be; (i) available systems for the public, (ii) a collective thought of responsibility in every community member, (iii) education on the issue in three steps (knowledge, comprehension and prevention) but most importantly (iv) the living standards has to be raised for those people that are most frequently affected.

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Obinwakeze, Chidimma Oluchukwu. "Perceptions and experiences of health professionals Regarding conservative management of osteoarthritis at a tertiary hospital in Nigeria." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6734.

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Magister Scientiae (Physiotherapy) - MSc(Physio)
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the major cause of pain and disability in the elderly, as well as people younger than the age of 45. Research reported the importance of conservative management of OA in the early stages, as it has proved to be effective in slowing down the progression of the disease, as well as reducing the secondary effects of decreased functional ability and disability. Early referral could assist with effective pain management, decrease in disease progression and increase in functional ability and quality of life. Therefore, the overall aim of the study was to establish a profile of patients with OA, as well as to explore the perceptions and experiences of health professionals regarding the conservative management of OA at a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. The study employed a sequential exploratory mixed method approach, using a retrospective and exploratory study design for the quantitative and qualitative phases respectively. Data was collected from one hundred and thirty-five medical records of patients with OA, meeting the inclusion criteria of the study, and admitted at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital (UCTH) from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2016. The patient sample was predominantly female (n=80; 93%), with a mean age of 51.85 years old (SD=13.73). Thirteen (13) health professionals, eight (8) physiotherapists and five (5) orthopedic surgeons participated in the interviews. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24 was used to analyse quantitative data. Inferential and descriptive statistics were used to describe the results in terms of frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviation. Alpha level was set at 5%. Audio-taped qualitative data was transcribed verbatim, and analysed using categories and themes. Permission to conduct the study was obtained from the University of the Western Cape Biomedical Research Ethics Committee (BMREC).

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Anosike, Agatha A. "The Influence of Social Support on Perception of Nurse Caring and Patient Satisfaction among CHF Patients in the Emergency Department." Thesis, Adelphi University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3663094.

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Heart failure patients who visit the Emergency Department often because of chronic nature of their illness require a specific plan of care. Successful engagement requires that nurses identify and act on factors to facilitate transition across the care continuum. This study was undertaken to examine the relationship of three major quality care indicators: social support, perception of nurse caring, and patient satisfaction among patients with heart failure admitted to the emergency department. The study further explored the association of these indicators with demographic and illness variables of the study participants.

The Quality Caring nursing framework was used as the theoretical framework for the study. A total of 115 adult participants, 71 males and 44 females who were admitted in the emergency department of two public hospitals in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States were recruited. Data were collected using a survey package consisting of four instruments: the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Social Support Survey measuring perceived social support, the Caring Assessment Tool (CAT) measuring nurse caring, and the Consumer Emergency Care Satisfaction Scale (CESS) measuring satisfaction with care in the emergency department.

Although the major study hypotheses that high levels of social support would be associated with caring and with patient satisfaction were not supported, there were significant associations found between aspects of social support, caring measure and the demographic and illness measures such as marital status and the number the number of household members. Also, those who were employed perceived more social support than those who were unemployed and those who were retired had a significantly higher perception of caring.

These findings challenge nurse clinicians, educators, and administrators to further investigate the roles of social support, caring and patient satisfaction in multiple aspects of chronic illness.

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Himes, Alisha N. "An Historical Analysis of the Perception of Pain & Pain Management Methods from 1800-1945." Walsh University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=walsh1587571133744558.

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Li, Qiwei. "Perception of Falls and Confidence in Self-Management of Falls among Older Adults." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1703385/.

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Mobility safety, especially fall prevention, plays a significant role in successful aging for older adults. Fall preventive programs aim to reduce risks for mortality from fall-related injuries among older adults. However, the covariation between personal perceptions of falls and factors and confidence of self-management in falls (CSMoF) is still under-studied despite its importance to fall prevention. Using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) model, this dissertation aimed to investigate the relative contribution of CSMoF in relation to fall risk self-perceptions while controlling for demographics and self-reported health and functioning. Participants were 691 older adults recruited from Area Agency on Aging at Arlington, Texas. They completed measures of physical functioning, CSMoF, fall risk perceptions and fear of falls. Regression analyses indicated that fear of falls was the most predictive factor of CSMoF among older persons. Physical function measures of age, chronic illnesses of metabolism, sensory impairment, and health status were also significant predictors of the CSMoF. The interaction of perception of falls and fall experience attenuated CSMoF, with physical functioning limitations. Fear of falls served as a mediator through which demographic predictors influence CSMoF. The joint effects of perception of falls and fear of falls likely explain CSMoF among older adults more than physical functional indicators. Fall prevention programs for older adults should prioritize to address modifiable subjective factors of fall perceptions, fear of falls, and CSMoF across health and functioning statuses. Fear of falls should be the center of CSMoF enhancement.

Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Perception and management of health risks'

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