Academic literature on the topic 'Percentage consonants correct'
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Journal articles on the topic "Percentage consonants correct"
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Shriberg, Lawrence D., Diane Austin, Barbara A. Lewis, Jane L. McSweeny, and David L. Wilson. "The Percentage of Consonants Correct (PCC) Metric." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 40, no. 4 (August 1997): 708–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4004.708.
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Research in normal and disordered phonology requires measures of speech production that are biolinguistically appropriate and psychometrically robust. Their conceptual and numeric properties must be well characterized, particularly because speech measures are increasingly appearing in large-scale epidemiologic, genetic, and other descriptive-explanatory database studies. This work provides a rationale for extensions to an articulation competence metric titled the Percentage of Consonants Correct (PCC; Shriberg & Kwiatkowski, 1982; Shriberg, Kwiatkowski, Best, Hengst, & Terselic-Weber, 1986), which is computed from a 5- to 10-minute conversational speech sample. Reliability and standard error of measurement estimates are provided for 9 of a set of 10 speech metrics, including the PCC. Discussion includes rationale for selecting one or more of the 10 metrics for specific clinical and research needs.
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Ceron, Marizete Ilha, Marileda Barichello Gubiani, Camila Rosa de Oliveira, and Márcia Keske-Soares. "Factors Influencing Consonant Acquisition in Brazilian Portuguese–Speaking Children." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 60, no. 4 (April 14, 2017): 759–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2016_jslhr-s-15-0208.
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Purpose We sought to provide valid and reliable data on the acquisition of consonant sounds in speakers of Brazilian Portuguese. Method The sample comprised 733 typically developing monolingual speakers of Brazilian Portuguese (ages 3;0–8;11 [years;months]). The presence of surface speech error patterns, the revised percentage consonants correct, and the age of sound acquisition were evaluated using phonological assessment software. The normative values for these variables were reported using means and standard deviations. Results Age had a significant impact on phoneme production. Increasing age was generally associated with an increase in correct phoneme production, a reduction in error patterns, and an increase in scores on revised percentage consonants correct. Phonological error patterns persisted for a longer time in consonants and consonant clusters acquired later in development. The 2 youngest age groups differed from the remainder of the sample on the frequency of the following phonological patterns: cluster reduction, liquid gliding, fricative deletion–coda, and weak-syllable deletion. Performance was similar between groups starting at 5;0 years old. Conclusion This study confirmed that nasal and stop consonants are acquired first, followed by fricatives and, finally, liquids. We suggest that future studies replicate our investigation in larger samples and younger age groups.
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Larsson, AnnaKarin, Carmela Miniscalco, Hans Mark, Johnna Sahlsten Schölin, Radi Jönsson, and Christina Persson. "Internationally Adopted Children With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate—Consonant Proficiency and Perceived Velopharyngeal Competence at the Age of 5." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 57, no. 7 (January 17, 2020): 849–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1055665619897233.
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Objective: To compare consonant proficiency, consonant errors, and the perceived velopharyngeal (VP) competence in internationally adopted (IA) children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and nonadopted (NA) children with the same cleft–palate type at age 5. Design: Case–control study based on phonetic transcriptions of standardized speech recordings of 5-year-olds at a tertiary hospital. Participants: Twenty-five IA children were compared to 20 NA children. All consecutive patients at a cleft lip and palate center participated. Main Outcome Measure(s): Consonant proficiency was measured using percentage consonants correct, percentage consonants correct–adjusted for age, percentage correct place, percentage correct manner, and consonant inventory. Cleft speech characteristics (CSCs), developmental speech characteristics (DSCs), and the perceived VP competence were also measured. Results: The IA children had significantly lower values for all consonant proficiency variables ( p < .05) and a smaller consonant inventory ( p = .001) compared to the NA children. The IA children had a higher frequency of CSCs (IA = 84%, NA = 50%, p < .05) and DSCs (IA = 92%, NA = 65%, p = .057), and twice as many IA children as NA children had perceived VP incompetence (IA = 52%, NA = 25%, p = .17). Conclusions: Severe speech disorder was more common in IA children than in NA children at age 5. Most importantly, the speech disorders seem to be not only cleft-related. More detailed speech assessments with a broader focus are needed for IA children with UCLP. Longitudinal studies are recommended to further investigate the impact of speech difficulties in IA children’s daily lives.
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Goldstein, Brian, and Patricia Swasey Washington. "An Initial Investigation of Phonological Patterns in Typically Developing 4-Year-Old Spanish-English Bilingual Children." Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 32, no. 3 (July 2001): 153–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/0161-1461(2001/014).
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Purpose: This collaborative study investigated phonological patterns in 12 typically developing 4-year-old bilingual (Spanish-English) children. Method: A single-word phonological assessment with separate versions for English and Spanish was administered to each child. Analyses consisted of a phonetic inventory; percentage of consonants correct; percentage of consonants correct for voicing, place of articulation, and manner of articulation; and the percentage of occurrence for phonological processes. Results: The results indicated that there were no significant differences between the two languages on percentage of consonants correct; percentage of consonants correct for voicing, place of articulation, and manner of articulation; or percentage of occurrence for phonological processes. However, the children exhibited different patterns of production across the two languages and showed different patterns compared to monolingual children of either language. Clinical Implications: The preliminary findings suggest that the phonological system of bilingual (Spanish-English) children is both similar to and different from that of monolingual speakers of either language. Compared to monolingual speakers, bilingual children should be expected to exhibit different types of errors and different substitution patterns for target sounds.
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Másdóttir, Thora, Sharynne McLeod, and Kathryn Crowe. "Icelandic Children's Acquisition of Consonants and Consonant Clusters." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 64, no. 5 (May 11, 2021): 1490–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2021_jslhr-20-00463.
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Purpose This study investigated Icelandic-speaking children's acquisition of singleton consonants and consonant clusters. Method Participants were 437 typically developing children aged 2;6–7;11 (years;months) acquiring Icelandic as their first language. Single-word speech samples of the 47 single consonants and 45 consonant clusters were collected using Málhljóðapróf ÞM (ÞM's Test of Speech Sound Disorders). Results Percentage of consonants correct for children aged 2;6–2;11 was 73.12 ( SD = 13.33) and increased to 98.55 ( SD = 3.24) for children aged 7;0–7;11. Overall, singleton consonants were more likely to be accurate than consonant clusters. The earliest consonants to be acquired were /m, n, p, t, j, h/ in word-initial position and /f, l/ within words. The last consonants to be acquired were /x, r, r̥, s, θ, n̥/, and consonant clusters in word-initial /sv-, stl-, str-, skr-, θr-/, within-word /-ðr-, -tl-/, and word-final /-kl̥, -xt/ contexts. Within-word phonemes were more often accurate than those in word-initial position, with word-final position the least accurate. Accuracy of production was significantly related to increasing age, but not sex. Conclusions This is the first comprehensive study of consonants and consonant cluster acquisition by typically developing Icelandic-speaking children. The findings align with trends for other Germanic languages; however, there are notable language-specific differences of clinical importance.
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Dale, Emily W., Allison M. Plumb, Mary J. Sandage, and Laura W. Plexico. "Speech-Language Pathologists’ Knowledge and Competence Regarding Percentage of Consonants Correct." Communication Disorders Quarterly 41, no. 4 (June 14, 2019): 222–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1525740119853806.
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The aim of this article is to examine speech-language pathologists’ (SLPs) knowledge and competence using Percentage of Consonants Correct (PCC). Participants were recruited through posts on social media and message boards for the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) Special Interest Groups. In addition, surveys were emailed via the ASHA membership directory to SLPs in selected states who reported working in settings with a primarily pediatric population. The majority of SLPs reported a lack of academic and clinical training in the area of PCC. Participants demonstrated limited knowledge of the rules for calculating PCC in addition to decreased calculation ability and confidence. Because PCC is well-validated, SLPs would benefit from increased clinical and academic exposure to the measure; however, as many report that they do not use PCC, this calls into question its clinical practicality. The question remains if there is a need for a more expedient process by which to objectively quantify severity, such as use of an automated metric.
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Stoel-Gammon, Carol. "Phonological Skills of 2-Year-Olds." Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 18, no. 4 (October 1987): 323–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/0161-1461.1804.323.
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Conversational speech samples from 33 2-year-olds were analyzed to determine the word and syllable shapes produced, the inventories of initial and final consonantal phones and the percentage of consonants correct. The findings provide a profile of the phonological skills of normally developing 2-year-olds which can be used to assess young children with possible phonological disorders.
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Abraham, Suzanne. "Using a Phonological Framework to Describe Speech Errors of Orally Trained, Hearing-Impaired School-Agers." Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders 54, no. 4 (November 1989): 600–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshd.5404.600.
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A phonological framework was used to analyze and describe the meaningful speech and speech errors of 13 orally trained, hearing-impaired children ages 5:11 to 15:11 enrolled in public school programs. Using speech samples elicited from the subjects, consonant inventories and percentage scores for correct production of consonants and for frequency of occurrence of phonological processes were derived and analyzed. Results of data analyses indicated initial consonant inventories were significantly larger and more complete than final inventories, although both were incomplete. Production accuracy for consonants in the subjects' inventories was significantly related to size of consonant inventories. Accuracy of production differed significantly between sound classes and word positions. Between 4 and 9 phonological processes were productive and co-occurring in the hearing-impaired subjects' meaningful speech. Comparisons with younger, normal hearing children and phonologically disabled children are drawn, and the clinical implications of the findings are discussed.
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Viterbori, Paola, Mirella Zanobini, and Francesca Cozzani. "Phonological development in children with different lexical skills." First Language 38, no. 5 (July 4, 2018): 538–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0142723718784369.
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This study aims to evaluate phonological competences and their correlations with lexical abilities in 2-year-old Italian-speaking children. Eighty-eight children (46 females) aged 25–32 months participated in the study. From the total sample, three subgroups of children with different lexical skills were extracted to identify phonological characteristics of low, typical and precocious talkers. The results provide a description of the children’s production in terms of consonant and correct consonant inventories; simplified and unintelligible words; and simplification processes. The percentage of unintelligible productions and the number of correct consonants show greater correlations with lexical competence. Children with low vocabulary differ significantly from the other two groups in the percentage of unintelligible words and in consonant inventories. Children with advanced vocabulary show significantly less simplification processes than the other two groups. In addition to describing phonological characteristics in a large sample of young Italian children, this study allows us to identify potential phonological markers of late linguistic development
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Alighieri, Cassandra, Kim Bettens, Laura Bruneel, Evelien D'haeseleer, Ellen Van Gaever, and Kristiane Van Lierde. "Reliability of Outcome Measures to Assess Consonant Proficiency Following Cleft Palate Speech Intervention: The Percentage of Consonants Correct Metric and the Probe Scoring System." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 64, no. 6 (June 4, 2021): 1811–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2021_jslhr-20-00628.
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Purpose This study compared the inter- and intrarater reliability of the percentage of consonants correct (PCC) metrics and the probe scoring system between an experienced and a less experienced rater and between two experienced raters. In addition, these outcome measures' ability to reflect changes following speech intervention was measured. Method During Phase 1, two raters (Rater 1 with 5 years of experience in cleft-related speech disorders and Rater 2 with limited experience in cleft-related speech disorders) independently assessed 134 speech samples at the word and sentence levels, which were collected on different data points before, during, and following a cleft palate speech intervention. During Phase 2, a third rater (with 8 years of experience) analyzed 34 speech samples. The percentage of consonants correct–revised, the percentage of correct places and manners, and probe scores at the word and sentence levels were measured. Results Poor-to-moderate interreliability between Raters 1 and 2 was found due to differences in error classification. Interrater reliability between Raters 1 and 3 was very good for both the PCC metrics and the probe scores. The interrater reliability for the amount of targets elicited was lower compared to the interrater reliability for the amount of targets correct. The probe scoring system demonstrated a greater ability to detect changes toward the correct production of the target consonant compared to the PCC metrics. Conclusions Having an experience with the assessment of cleft-related speech disorders is a crucial factor to gain reliable results. The interrater reliability for the PCC metrics and the probe scoring system between two experienced raters did not differ, suggesting that both outcome measures can be used in cleft palate speech intervention studies. Despite the ability of the probe scoring system to detect changes, further research should provide insight in the benefits of this system both for research and clinical purposes.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Percentage consonants correct"
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Jartun, Randi. "The percentage consonants correct and intelligibility of normal, language delayed, and history of language delayed children." PDXScholar, 1992. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4328.
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Highly unintelligible children may mistakenly be assumed to have difficulty only with the misarticulation of consonants. Expressive language concerns may be ignored while the primary focus of intervention becomes the correction of misarticulated speech. Questions have arisen regarding the possibility of both speech and expressive language difficulties contributing to unintelligibility. Shriberg and Kwiatkowski (1982) developed an ordinal means of rating severity of involvement. One of the constructs of the severity scale was intelligibility. The metric percentage consonants correct (PCC) was developed to identify severity of involvement of disorders of phonology.
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Ode, Carina, and Cattu Alves Mirjam Öster. "Pingu och PSC: språkljudsproduktion hos barn med språkljudsstörning vid fyra olika taluppgifter : Analys av träffsäkerhet och avvikelsetyper samt utvärdering av en ny eliciteringsmetod och ett nytt träffsäkerhetsmått." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Logopedi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-339948.
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ABSTRACT The purpose of the current study was to compare speech samples elicited with four different methods regarding speech sound production errors. Nine Swedish-speaking children with SSD (Speech Sound Disorder) participated. A new method of speech elicitation was introduced, a narrative task using a silent short film as a prompt. Severity of involvement of the speech sound production was measured using PCC-R (Percentage of Consonants Correct-Revised), as well as a new severity metric, PSC (Percentage of Syllables Correct). Speech error patterns were also analyzed. All four methods of speech elicitation are suggested to be useful clinical tools for phonological assessment. The elicitation methods yielded similar results. However, the results indicated that a higher degree of control and phonological complexity in a task generally yield lower severity measures and more types of speech error patterns. The definition of SSD used in this study includes several clinical diagnoses used by speech and language pathologists. The participants’ results were therefore analyzed regarding clinical diagnosis. No difference was found. This first evaluation of PSC shows that it is a promising new severity metric, and that its strength lies first and foremost in the possibility to include unintelligible speech. The evaluation of the new elicitation task shows that narration of a silent short film as a prompt is promising as well. The results yielded indicate a gain in degree of control combined with a preserved high ecological validity associated with speech elicitation methods yielding conversational speech. SAMMANFATTNING Syftet med den här studien var att undersöka variation av avvikelser i språkljudsproduktionen hos nio svensktalande barn med språkljudsstörning vid fyra olika taluppgifter. En av de fyra uppgifterna innefattade en ny eliciteringsstrategi: berättande till ljudlös film. Grad av avvikelse undersöktes genom beräkning av PCC-R (Percentage of Consonants Correct-Revised), samt ett nytt mått, PSC (Percentage of Syllables Correct). Även avvikelsetyper undersöktes. Resultatet tyder på att samtliga undersökta taluppgifter kan vara användbara kliniska verktyg. Även om ingen skillnad kunde påvisas mellan deltagarnas grad av avvikelse vid de fyra taluppgifterna, sågs en tendens till att en hög styrningsgrad och fonologisk komplexitet av målorden ger upphov till en lägre träffsäkerhet i språkljudsproduktionen och ökar antalet olika avvikelsetyper som förekommer. Definitionen av språkljudsstörning inkluderar olika logopediska diagnoser. I denna studie kunde barnens diagnostillhörighet inte förklara variationer i resultaten. Den första utvärderingen av PSC visar att det är ett lovande nytt mått på träffsäkerhet i språkljudsproduktionen, och att dess styrka framför allt ligger i möjligheten att inkludera oförståeligt tal. Även denna första utvärdering av den nya eliciteringsmetoden berättande till ljudlös film är lovande. Resultaten tyder på en högre styrningsgrad samtidigt som den ekologiska validiteten i sammanhängande tal till stor del bibehållits.
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Hsieh, Meng-ting, and 謝孟庭. "The Relationship among the Percentage of Consonants Correct (PCC), Speech Intelligibility and Clinical Judgments of Severity in Phonological Evaluation." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/r2p623.
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碩士國立高雄師範大學
聽力學與語言治療研究所
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“Severity” is an important assessment of articulatory and phonological evaluation abroad, especially the percentage of consonants correct（PCC）, an evidence-based and quantified index of good reliability and validity. Thus, the purpose of this study is to prove PCC available for internal clinical application. The speakers of this study are thirty children with articulatory and phonological disorders. The researcher collected all speakers’ speech samples including words, sentences, and discourses, and then calculated PCC of all samples. Furthermore, four speech-language pathologists evaluated all speakers’ discourses and gave five-grade rating. In the meantime, sixty non-major related undergraduates listened to speakers’ words and wrote them down. And then, the researcher calculated intelligibility scores, the percentage of correct words by listeners’ judging. According to data of PCC, rating and speech intelligibility, the results of this study are as follows. Firstly, the PCC of sentences is the highest of all sampling units. Furthermore, there are a high correlation between three speech samples and no difference between partial and whole discourses. Secondly, this study proved that PCC is an excellent index of severity. Besides, there are a significant correlation between the PCC of words and intelligibility and a negative correlation between rating and intelligibility. Among group Ⅱ, there is a significant correlation. Based on the results, the researcher described the limits of this study and give suggestions for further research.
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Lourenço, Isabel Maria Lopes de Sousa. "Programa de leitura de histórias em contexto de grupo: o contributo no desempenho linguístico infantil aos 4 e 5 anos de idade." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/6717.
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A exposição de crianças à leitura de histórias infantis contribui para o desenvolvimento
das suas habilidades narrativas, constituindo um importante indicador do desempenho
escolar das mesmas (Verzolla, Isotani & Perissinoto, 2012). Existem também estudos
que referem evoluções nas competências de atenção, escuta, sequencialização,
vocabulário, organização de ideias e leitura e escrita (Reed, 1987; Speaker, Taylor &
Kamen, 2004).
A presente investigação, de caráter longitudinal, teve como objetivo principal analisar o
contributo que um programa de leitura de histórias em contexto de grupo pode ter no
desempenho linguístico de crianças entre os 4 e os 5 anos de idade, nomeadamente nos
valores de Percentagem de Consoantes Corretas, Comprimento Médio de Enunciado,
Memória Auditiva, assim como inteligibilidade da fala encadeada.
O estudo foi realizado no Hospital-Escola da Universidade Fernando Pessoa, após
parecer positivo da Comissão de Ética desta mesma instituição. A amostra foi
constituída por 14 crianças com perturbação de linguagem primária, com idades
compreendidas entre os 4 e os 5 anos, distribuídos por dois grupos de estudo, um
experimental e um de controlo. O grupo experimental usufruiu de intervenção de um
programa de leitura de contos infantis, juntamente com sessões individuais de terapia da
fala. O grupo controlo recebeu sessões de terapia da fala individual. As crianças foram
avaliadas relativamente às medidas: Percentagem de Consoantes Corretas,
Comprimento Médio de Enunciado, Memória Auditiva e Inteligibilidade.
Os resultados sugerem melhorias da Percentagem de Consoantes Corretas e do
Comprimento Médio de Enunciado, contudo não se verificou efeito da eficácia de
intervenção nestas medidas. Na memória auditiva os resultados parecem indicar um
efeito de intervenção significativo nas tarefas de palavras e ordens. Relativamente à
avaliação de inteligibilidade, constatou-se concordância elevada entre avaliadores,
contudo os resultados no grupo experimental (antes e após avaliação) mostraram-se
discutíveis. A opinião dos pais em relação à intervenção em contexto de grupo foi
avaliada como favorável/muito favorável.The children's exposure to reading stories contributes to the development of their narrative abilities, constituting an important indicator of their educational performance (Verzolla, Isotani & Perissinoto, 2012). There are also studies that show evolutions in attention, listening, sequencing, vocabulary, organization of ideas, reading and writing skills (Reed, 1987; Speaker, Taylor & Kamen, 2004). This study analyze the contribution of a group reading program can in the linguistic performance of children between 4 and 5 years old, measured by Percentage of Consonants Correct, Mean Length Utterance, Auditory Memory, and speech intelligibility. The study was carried out at Hospital-Escola Universidade Fernando Pessoa, after a positive opinion from the Ethics Committee of this institution. The sample consisted of 14 children with primary language disorder, aged between 4 and 5 years, divided into two study groups, one experimental and one control group. The experimental group benefited from an intervention program of children's storytelling, along with individual speech therapy sessions. The control group received individual speech therapy sessions. The children were evaluated for the measures: Percentage of Percentage of Consonants Correct, Mean Length Utterance, Auditory Memory, and speech intelligibility. The results suggest improvements in the percentage of correct consonants and the Mean Length Utterance, but there was no effect of intervention effectiveness on these measures. In auditory memory the results seem to indicate a significant intervention effect on words and order’s tasks. Regarding the intelligibility evaluation, there was a high agreement between evaluators, but the results in the experimental group (before and after evaluation) were questionable. The parents' opinion regarding the intervention in a group context was evaluated as favorable / very favorable.
Book chapters on the topic "Percentage consonants correct"
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Treiman, Rebecca. "Consonant Omissions." In Beginning to Spell. Oxford University Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195062199.003.0011.
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In this chapter, I turn from vowel omission errors to consonant omission errors. Consider the child who spelled blow as BOW. This child did not include any letter for /l/. Similarly, the child who spelled tumble as TUBOL failed to represent /m/. In this chapter, I ask when children omit consonant phonemes from their spelling and why they do so. As in Chapter 7, omission errors are defined phonologically rather than orthographically. Thus, the child who spelled thin as TIN symbolized each phoneme in the word’s spoken form, although he did not spell /θ/ in the conventional manner. From a phonological point of view, this child did not make an omission error. The study of consonant omissions is particularly important in light of the claim that beginning spellers often omit the final consonants of monosyllabic words (Morris & Perney, 1984). For example, children may misspell back as B or BA. Why do they do this? Is it because /k/ is the last consonant in the word, because /k/ is the last consonant in the syllable, or for both reasons? To address these questions, it is necessary to look beyond the simple consonant-vowel-consonant monosyllables that have been analyzed in much of the previous research. An examination of more complex words can also shed light on children’s omissions of consonants in clusters, as in BOW for blow. In the present study, consonant omission errors were not as common as consonant substitution errors. Of the children’s spellings of consonants, 7.4% or 800 out of 10,831 were omission errors. In contrast, 13.3% of all consonant spellings were substitution errors. Although the percentage of consonant omission errors was relatively low overall, omissions were quite common for certain consonants. For example, omissions were relatively common for the /l/ of blow and the /m/ of tumble; they were rare for the /l/ of love and the /m/ of milk. When interpreting the omission rates reported in this chapter, remember that the percentages are out of all the children’s spellings—correctly spelled words as well as incorrectly spelled words.
Reports on the topic "Percentage consonants correct"
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Jartun, Randi. The percentage consonants correct and intelligibility of normal, language delayed, and history of language delayed children. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.6212.
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