Relevant bibliographies by topics / Pepy I

Academic literature on the topic 'Pepy I'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Pepy I"

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Zhang, Huixin, Mengfan Xu, Shanhu Hu, Hongfei Zhao, and Bolin Zhang. "The Enzyme Gene Expression of Protein Utilization and Metabolism by Lactobacillus helveticus CICC 22171." Microorganisms 10, no. 9 (August 26, 2022): 1724. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10091724.

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The purpose of this study was to explore the hydrolytic ability of Lactobacillus helveticus CICC 22171 with regard to protein and the expression of enzyme genes during protein utilization. The results revealed that the strain hydrolyzed casein from the C-terminal, reached the maximum level in 6 h, and the number of amino acids in the hydrolyzed peptide was 7–33. The molecular weight was 652.4–3432.74 kDa. Hydrophobic peptides produced by hydrolysis were the source of β-casein bitterness. Leucine and glutamine were the preferred cleavage points after 1 h; tyrosine and tryptophan subsequently increased. The first step of hydrolysis was controlled by PrtP and PrtM genes and coordinated with the action of PrtH1 and PrtH2. The transport system consisted of DtpT, OppB, OppD and OppF. The hydrolytic third step endopeptidase system consisted of the aminopeptidases (PepN, PepC, PepM and PepA), the endopeptidases (PepE, PepF and PepO); the dipeptidases (PepV and PepD), the tripeptidase PepT; the proline peptidases (PepX, PepP, PepQ, PepR and PepI). The expression of CEP genes was significantly different, and the expression level of genes related to the transport system significantly increased from 0 to 1 h. The specificity of the substrate and action site of endopeptidase was abundant.
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Guédon, Eric, Pierre Renault, S. Dusko Ehrlich, and Christine Delorme. "Transcriptional Pattern of Genes Coding for the Proteolytic System of Lactococcus lactis and Evidence for Coordinated Regulation of Key Enzymes by Peptide Supply." Journal of Bacteriology 183, no. 12 (June 15, 2001): 3614–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.183.12.3614-3622.2001.

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ABSTRACT The transcription of 16 genes encoding 12 peptidases (pepC, pepN, pepX, pepP, pepA, pepF2, pepDA1, pepDA2, pepQ, pepT, pepM, and pepO1), PI and PIII proteinases (prtP1 and prtP3), and three transport systems (dtpT, dtpP, and opp-pepO1) ofLactococcus lactis MG1363 was analyzed in response to different environmental factors. Promoter fusions with luciferase reporter genes and/or mRNA analysis were used to study the effects of sugar sources, growth at 37°C, and peptide supply on the transcription of these genes. Only transcription of thepepP gene is modulated by the source of sugar. The presence of potential catabolite-responsive element (CRE) boxes in its promoter region suggests that expression of this gene is directly controlled by catabolic repression. Elevated temperature had no significant effect on the level of transcription of these genes. prtP1, prtP3, pepC, pepN, pepX, and the opp-pepO1 operon are the most highly expressed genes in chemically defined medium, and their expression is repressed 5- to 150-fold by addition of peptide sources such as Casitone in the medium. Moreover, the transcription ofprtP1, prtP3, pepC, pepN, and the opp-pepO1operon is repressed two- to eight-fold by the dipeptides leucylproline and prolylleucine. The transcription of pepDA2 might also be repressed by the peptide sources, but this effect is not observed on the regulation of dtpT, pepP, pepA, pepF2, pepDA1, pepQ, pepT, pepM, and the dtpP operon. The significance of these results with respect to the functions of different components of the proteolytic system in L. lactis are discussed.
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Luoma, Susanna, Kirsi Peltoniemi, Vesa Joutsjoki, Terhi Rantanen, Marja Tamminen, Inka Heikkinen, and Airi Palva. "Expression of Six Peptidases fromLactobacillus helveticus in Lactococcus lactis." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, no. 3 (March 1, 2001): 1232–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.3.1232-1238.2001.

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ABSTRACT For development of novel starter strains with improved proteolytic properties, the ability of Lactococcus lactis to produceLactobacillus helveticus aminopeptidase N (PepN), aminopeptidase C (PepC), X-prolyl dipeptidyl aminopeptidase (PepX), proline iminopeptidase (PepI), prolinase (PepR), and dipeptidase (PepD) was studied by introducing the genes encoding these enzymes intoL. lactis MG1363 and its derivatives. According to Northern analyses and enzyme activity measurements, the L. helveticus aminopeptidase genes pepN, pepC, andpepX are expressed under the control of their own promoters in L. lactis. The highest expression level, using a low-copy-number vector, was obtained with the L. helveticus pepN gene, which resulted in a 25-fold increase in PepN activity compared to that of wild-type L. lactis. The L. helveticus pepI gene, residing as a third gene in an operon in its host, was expressed in L. lactis under the control of the L. helveticus pepX promoter. The genetic background of the L. lactis derivatives tested did not affect the expression level of any of the L. helveticus peptidases studied. However, the growth medium used affected both the recombinant peptidase profiles in transformant strains and the resident peptidase activities. The levels of expression of the L. helveticus pepD and pepR clones under the control of their own promoters were below the detection limit in L. lactis. However, substantial amounts of recombinant pepD and PepR activities were obtained in L. lactis when pepDand pepR were expressed under the control of the inducible lactococcal nisA promoter at an optimized nisin concentration.
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Vermeulen, Nicoline, Melanie Pavlovic, Matthias A. Ehrmann, Michael G. Gänzle, and Rudi F. Vogel. "Functional Characterization of the Proteolytic System of Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis DSM 20451T during Growth in Sourdough." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 10 (October 2005): 6260–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.10.6260-6266.2005.

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ABSTRACT Protein hydrolysis and amino acid metabolism contribute to the beneficial effects of sourdough fermentation on bread quality. In this work, genes of Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis strain DSM 20451 involved in peptide uptake and hydrolysis were identified and their expression during growth in sourdough was determined. Screening of the L. sanfranciscensis genome with degenerate primers targeting prt and analysis of proteolytic activity in vitro provided no indication for proteolytic activity. Proteolysis in aseptic doughs and sourdoughs fermented with L. sanfranciscensis was inhibited upon the addition of an aspartic protease inhibitor. These results indicate that proteolysis was not linked to the presence of L. sanfranciscensis DSM 20451 and that this strain does not harbor a proteinase. Genes encoding the peptide transport systems Opp and DtpT and the intracellular peptidases PepT, PepR, PepC, PepN, and PepX were identified. Both peptide uptake systems and the genes pepN, pepX, pepC, and pepT were expressed by L. sanfranciscensis growing exponentially in sourdough, whereas pepX was not transcribed. The regulation of the expression of Opp, DtpT, and PepT during growth of L. sanfranciscensis in sourdough was investigated. Expression of Opp and DtpT was reduced approximately 17-fold when the peptide supply in dough was increased. The expression of PepT was dependent on the peptide supply to a lesser extent. Thus, the accumulation of amino nitrogen by L. sanfranciscensis in dough is attributable to peptide hydrolysis rather than proteolysis and amino acid metabolism by L. sanfranciscensis during growth in sourdough is limited by the peptide availability.
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Wegmann, U., J. R. Klein, I. Drumm, O. P. Kuipers, and B. Henrich. "Introduction of Peptidase Genes from Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis into Lactococcus lactis and Controlled Expression." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65, no. 11 (November 1, 1999): 4729–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.65.11.4729-4733.1999.

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ABSTRACT Peptidases PepI, PepL, PepW, and PepG from Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis, which have no counterparts in Lactococcus lactis, and peptidase PepQ were examined to determine their potential to confer new peptidolytic properties to lactococci. Controllable expression of the corresponding genes (pep genes) was achieved by constructing translational fusions with the promoter of the nisA gene (P nisA ). A suitable host strain, UKLc10, was constructed by chromosomal integration of the genes encoding the NisRK two-component system into the fivefold peptidase-deficient mutant IM16 of L. lactis. Recombinants of this strain were used to analyze growth, peptidase activities, peptide utilization, and intracellular protein cleavage products. After nisin induction ofPnisA ::pep fusions, all of the peptidases were visible as distinct bands in protein gels. Despite the fact that identical transcription and translation signals were used to express the pep genes, the relative amounts of individual peptidases varied considerably. All of the peptidases exhibited activities in extracts of recombinant UKLc10 clones, but only PepL and PepG allowed the clones to utilize specific peptide substrates as sources of essential amino acids. In milk medium, induction ofpepG and induction of pepW resulted in growth acceleration. The activities of all five peptidases during growth in milk medium were revealed by high-performance liquid chromatography analyses of intracellular amino acid and peptide pools.
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Preston, R. A., P. S. Reinagel, and E. W. Jones. "Genes required for vacuolar acidity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Genetics 131, no. 3 (July 1, 1992): 551–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/131.3.551.

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Abstract Mutations that cause loss of acidity in the vacuole (lysosome) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were identified by screening colonies labeled with the fluorescent, pH-sensitive, vacuolar labeling agent, 6-carboxyfluorescein. Thirty nine vacuolar pH (Vph-) mutants were identified. Four of these contained mutant alleles of the previously described PEP3, PEP5, PEP6 and PEP7 genes. The remaining mutants defined eight complementation groups of vph mutations. No alleles of the VAT2 or TFP1 genes (known to encode subunits of the vacuolar H(+)-ATPase) were identified in the Vph- screen. Strains bearing mutations in any of six of the VPH genes failed to grow on medium buffered at neutral pH; otherwise, none of the vph mutations caused notable growth inhibition on standard yeast media. Expression of the vacuolar protease, carboxypeptidase Y, was defective in strains bearing vph4 mutations but was apparently normal in strains bearing any of the other vph mutations. Defects in vacuolar morphology at the light microscope level were evident in all Vph- mutants. Strains that contained representative mutant alleles of the 17 previously described PEP genes were assayed for vacuolar pH; mutations in seven of the PEP genes (including PEP3, PEP5, PEP6 and PEP7) caused loss of vacuolar acidity.
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Pag, Ulrike, Christoph Heidrich, Gabriele Bierbaum, and Hans-Georg Sahl. "Molecular Analysis of Expression of the Lantibiotic Pep5 Immunity Phenotype." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65, no. 2 (February 1, 1999): 591–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.65.2.591-598.1999.

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ABSTRACT The lantibiotic Pep5 is produced by Staphylococcus epidermidis 5. Within its biosynthetic gene cluster, the immunity gene pepI, providing producer self-protection, is localized upstream of the structural gene pepA. Pep5 production and the immunity phenotype have been found to be tightly coupled (M. Reis, M. Eschbach-Bludau, M. I. Iglesias-Wind, T. Kupke, and H.-G. Sahl, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60:2876–2883, 1994). To study this phenomenon, we analyzed pepA and pepItranscription and translation and constructed a number of strains containing various fragments of the gene cluster and expressing different levels of immunity. Complementation of apepA-expressing strain with pepI intrans did not result in phenotypic immunity or production of PepI. On the other hand, neither pepA nor its product was found to be involved in immunity, since suppression of the translation of the pepA mRNA by mutation of the ATG start codon did not reduce the level of immunity. Moreover, homologous and heterologous expression of pepI from a xylose-inducible promoter resulted in significant Pep5 insensitivity. Most important for expression of the immunity phenotype was the stability ofpepI transcripts, which in the wild-type strain, is achieved by an inverted repeat with a free energy of −56.9 kJ/mol, localized downstream of pepA. We performed site-directed mutagenesis to study the functional role of PepI and constructed F13D PepI, I17R PepI, and PepI 1-65; all mutants showed reduced levels of immunity. Western blot analysis indicated that F13D PepI and PepI 1-65 were not produced correctly or were partially degraded, while I17R PepI apparently was less efficient in providing self-protection than the wild-type PepI.
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Fischer, Henry G. "The Transcription of the Royal Name Pepy." Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 75 (1989): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3821910.

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Fischer, Henry G. "The Transcription of the Royal Name Pepy." Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 75, no. 1 (August 1989): 214–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030751338907500117.

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Chandu, Dilip, and Dipankar Nandi. "PepN is the major aminopeptidase in Escherichia coli: insights on substrate specificity and role during sodium-salicylate-induced stress." Microbiology 149, no. 12 (December 1, 2003): 3437–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.26518-0.

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PepN and its homologues are involved in the ATP-independent steps (downstream processing) during cytosolic protein degradation. To obtain insights into the contribution of PepN to the peptidase activity in Escherichia coli, the hydrolysis of a selection of endopeptidase and exopeptidase substrates was studied in extracts of wild-type strains and two pepN mutants, 9218 and DH5αΔpepN. Hydrolysis of three of the seven endopeptidase substrates tested was reduced in both pepN mutants. Similar studies revealed that hydrolysis of 10 of 14 exopeptidase substrates studied was greatly reduced in both pepN mutants. This decreased ability to cleave these substrates is pepN-specific as there is no reduction in the ability to hydrolyse exopeptidase substrates in E. coli mutants lacking other peptidases, pepA, pepB or pepE. PepN overexpression complemented the hydrolysis of the affected exopeptidase substrates. These results suggest that PepN is responsible for the majority of aminopeptidase activity in E. coli. Further in vitro studies with purified PepN revealed a preference to cleave basic and small amino acids as aminopeptidase substrates. Kinetic characterization revealed the aminopeptidase cleavage preference of E. coli PepN to be Arg>Ala>Lys>Gly. Finally, it was shown that PepN is a negative regulator of the sodium-salicylate-induced stress in E. coli, demonstrating a physiological role for this aminoendopeptidase under some stress conditions.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pepy I"

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Frenzel, Juliane [Verfasser], and Heinz [Akademischer Betreuer] Rennenberg. "Die PEP-Carboxylase in Pappeln : Identifizierung der PEPC-Genfamilie und Überexpression in Populus x canescens." Freiburg : Universität, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1115861522/34.

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Stevens, Gary. "The regulation of Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) metabolism via Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase (PEPC) in P-deficient roots and nodules of Virgilia divaricata." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97853.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Plants exhibit a flexible array of morphological, physiological and biochemical adaptations during phosphorous limitation. Legumes are vulnerable to P deficiency, because it affects their ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen (N2). In particular, legumes from nutrient-poor ecosystems, such as the Fynbos in the Cape Floristic Region (CFR) evolved on P deficient soils and may therefore display unique adaptations to soil P stress. In general, very few studies on legumes have focussed on the belowground structures of nodules as a plant organ. Moreover, even less is known about the P stressed responses in nodules from legumes in nutrient-poor ecosystems. The aim of this research was to investigate the metabolic flexibility of organic acid and amino acid metabolism in the nodulated root system of the Fynbos legume Virgilia divaricata, during low P stress. Virgilia divaricata, which grows in the Cape Floristic Region, was used in this study to enhance our knowledge regarding the vital role that the cytosolic enzyme, phosphoenol pyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) plays in phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP) metabolism, in roots and nodules of this legume during phosphate stress. V. divaricata was grown under glasshouse conditions (20 - 25°C) in sterilized quartz sand for 2-3 months whilst being inoculated with the nitrogen fixation bacteria, Burkholderia phytofirmans, which was isolated from V. divaricata nodules grown in fynbos soil. Two phosphate treatments, 5 μM and 500 μM, were applied simulating low-phosphate and high phosphate conditions respectively using a modified Long Ashton Nutrient Solution to simulate a low nutrient ecosystem such as the Cape Floristic Region. Roots and nodules were then analysed for growth kinetics, nutrient acquisition and distribution, enzyme activity and genetic responses. It was shown that during phosphate deficiency, V. divaricata nodules experienced less Pi stress than roots, due to increased metabolic phosphate conservation reactions during organic acid synthesis via an increased PEPC activity. The increased PEPC activity resulted in an increase in downstream metabolic products such as organic acids, (malic acid and citric acid), and amino acids (glutamate, aspartate and asparagine). Although the biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) declined, the high efficiency of BNF may be underpinned by these altered phosphate conservation pathways and enhanced resource allocation during growth particularly under low phosphate (LP) conditions. Therefore, it can be concluded that the efficiency of the nodules via an increased allocation of resources and P acquiring mechanisms in V. divaricata may be the key to the plant’s ability to adapt to poor P environments and thus sustaining its reliance on BNF. From the data obtained as well as previous findings, it has been established that the phosphate conservation mechanisms in roots and nodules, involve the non-adenylate requiring PEPC-bypass route. 13C Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) gave us a better understanding regarding the incorporation rates of the PEPCderived C into malate, α-ketoglutarate and asparagine. It therefore is suggested that V. divaricata nodules may use their large PEPC-derived malate pool to prevent large declines in BNF under low phosphate conditions. The nodules of V. divaricata were able to offset an excessive drop in BNF, despite a decline in inorganic phophosphate (Pi) levels. It therefore appears that nodules have evolved to acquire different mechanisms than roots to adapt to phosphate deficiency in order to maintain their function. This was achieved via increased regulation of nodule PEPC and its downstream products. This implies that compared to roots under low P, nodules alter the metabolism of PEPC derived C, in order to maintain nodule respiration and amino acid synthesis. This trait could be observed in the synthesis of larger 13C malate pools of nodules compared to roots, from PEPC, which was underpinned by their different regulation mechanisms of enzyme activity, of the same protein isoform. Since malate is a potent inhibitor of PEPC activity, roots appear to have invested in more PEPC protein compared to nodules. In contrast, nodules with lower PEPC protein, achieved greater enzyme activity than roots, possibly due to higher phosphorylation in order to reduce the malate effect. The subsequent metabolism of this PEPCderived malate, caused roots and nodules to synthesise asparagine via different pathways. These findings imply that roots and nodules under P stress, synthesise their major export amino acid, asparagine, via different routes. This research has generated new knowledge regarding the physiological impact of the organic and amino acid metabolism, derived from PEPC-C in the roots and nodules of legumes growing in nutrient poor ecosystems. It has demonstrated for the first time that the nodules of legume from a nutrient-poor ecosystem rely on improved resource allocation, Pi distribution, and PEPC-derived organic acids to maintain the efficient functioning of N assimilation under P stress. This may be a consequence of having evolved in a nutrient-poor ecosystem, so that nodule-bacteroid respiration and N metabolism can be maintained in P-poor soils such as the Fynbos.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Tydens fosfaat stremming maak plante gebruik van buigsame kombinasies van morfologiese, fisiologiese en biochemiese aanpassings. Peulplante is sensitief vir fosfaat tekorte omdat dit die vermoë om atmosferiese stikstof te kan fikseer, grootliks beïnvloed. Peulplante vanuit ekosisteme met mineraal-arme gronde, soos Fynbos binne die Kaapse Blommeryk, het ontwikkel in grond met lae fosfaatvlakke en mag dus unieke aanpassings tot fosfaat tekorte toon. Oor die algemeen is daar baie min peulplant studies wat fokus op die ondergrondse strukture van wortelknoppies as ‘n plant orgaan. Nog minder inligting is beskikbaar oor wortelknoppies, van peulplante, vanuit mineraalarme ekosisteme, se reaksie teenoor ‘n fosfaat tekort. Die doel van hierdie navorsing was om die metaboliese buigsaamheid van organiese- en aminosuur metabolisme in die (nodulated) wortelknoppie-wortelstelsel van die Fynbos peulplant Virgilia divaricata, tydens fosfaat tekort te ondersoek. Virgilia divaricata wat voorkom in die Kaapse Blommeryk, was gebruik in hierdie studie om die huidige kennis te verbeter van die essensiële rol wat die sitisoliese ensiem, fosfo-enol piruvaat karboksilase (PEPC) in fosfo-enol piruvaat metabolisme tydens ‘n fosfaat tekort speel binne die wortels en wortelknoppies van hierdie peulplant. V. divaricata was gegroei onder glashuis toestande (20 - 25°C) in gesteriliseerde kwartssand vir 2-3 maande. Die plante was geïnokuleer met die stikstoffikserende bakterie, Burkholderia phytofirmans, wat geïsoleer is vanaf V. divaricata wortelknoppies wat in Fynbos grond gegroei is. Twee fosfaatbehandelings, 5μM and 500μM, was toegedien om lae en hoë fosfaat toestande, onderskeidelik, na te boots deur gebruik te maak van ‘n aangepasde Long Ashton voedingstofmengsel om ‘n ekosisteem, soos die Kaapse Blommeryk, met lae voedingstofvlakke na te boots. Die wortels en knoppies was geanaliseer ten opsigte van die groeikinetika, opname en verspreiding van voedingstowwe, ensiemaktiwiteit en genetiese aanpassings. Dis is bewys dat tydens fosfaat tekort V. divaricata wortelknoppies minder fosfaat stres ervaar as die wortels, as gevolg van die verhoogde metaboliese fosfaat bewaringsreaksies tydens organise suur sintese via die styging in PEPC aktiwiteit. Die styging in PEPC aktiwiteit lei tot ‘n verhoging in stroomaf metaboliese produkte soos organiese- (appel- en sitroënsuur) en aminosure (glutamaat, aspartaat en asparagien). Alhoewel biologiese stikstoffiksering verlaag het, kan die hoë doeltreffendheid daarvan ondersteun word deur díe aangepasde fosfaat bewarings weë asook verhoogde hulpbron toekenning tydens groei onder lae fosfaat omstandighede. Dit kan dus afgelei word dat die doeltreffendheid van die wortelknoppies via die verhoging in belegging van hulpbronne en fosfaat opname meganismes in V. divaricata moontlik die sleutel is tot die plant se vermoë om aan te pas tot omgewings met lae fosfaatvlakke en sodoende die afhanklikheid van biologiese stikstofbinding te kan onderhou. Data in hierdie as ook vorige studies, wys dat die fosfaat bewaringsmeganismes in wortels en wortelknoppies die PEPC-ompad roete, wat nie adenilaat benodig nie, gebruik. 13C NMR het meer lig gewerp aangaande die vaslegging van koolstof vanaf PEPC na malaat, α-ketoglutaraat en asparagien. Dit word voorgestel dat V. divaricata knoppies ‘n groot hoeveelheid malaat, afkomstig van PEPC-werking, gebruik om groot dalings in biologiese stikstofbinding tydens fosfaat tekort, te verhoed. Die wortelknoppies van V. divaricata kon ‘n oormatige verlaging in biologiese stikstofbinding voorkom ten spyte van die verlaging in fosfaatvlakke. Dit wil voorkom dat wortelknoppies ander meganismes as die wortels ontwikkel het om aan te pas tot fosfaat tekort en sodoende dus hul funksie behou. Dit word bereik deur ‘n verhoging in die regulering van PEPC en die stroomaf produkte in die wortelknoppies. Dit blyk dat wortelknoppies tydens fosfaat te kort, in vergelyking met wortels, die metabolisme van die koolstof vanaf PEPC verander om sodoende respirasie en aminosuursintese te onderhou. Dit wil voorkom dat hierdie meganismes verskil van die van wortel meganismes. Hierdie eienskap kan toegeskryf word aan die produksie van ‘n groter hoeveelheid van 13C malaat vanaf PEPC in die wortelknoppies teenoor die wortels, wat ondersteun word die verskillende reguleringsmeganismes van ensiemaktiwiteit van dieselfde proteïen isoform. Malaat is ‘n kragtige inhibeerder van PEPC-aktiwiteit, dus blyk dit dat die wortels belê in meer PEPC proteïene as die wortelknoppies. In teenstelling, toon die wortelknoppies met laer PEPC proteïene, ‘n hoër ensiem aktiwiteit as die wortels. Dit kan wees as gevolg van hoër fosforilasie om die effek van malaat te verlaag. Die metabolisme van die malaat vanaf PEPC het die sintese van asparagien in die wortels en wortelknoppies via verskillende roetes tot gevolg gehad. Dit impliseer dat tydens ‘n tekort aan fosfaat, wortels en wortelknoppies hul hoof uitvoer aminosuur, asparagien, deur verskillende roetes sintetiseer. Hierdie studie het nuwe kennis aangaande die fisiologiese impak van organiese- en aminosuur metabolisme met koolstof vanaf PEPC in die wortels en wortelknoppies van peulplante wat voorkom in ekosisteme met lae voedingstofvlakke, voortgebring. Vir die eerste keer is dit bewys dat die wortelknoppies vanaf peulplante wat voorkom in mineraal-arme ekosisteme, staatmaak op verbeterde hulpbron beleggings, fosfaat verspreiding en organiese sure vanaf PEPC om die doeltreffendheid van funksionele stikstofassimilasie tydens fosfaat tekort, te onderhou. Dit mag die gevolg wees van, om in ‘n voedingstof arme ekosisteem te ontwikkel sodat die wortelknoppiebakteroïed respirasie en stikstofmetabolisme onderhou kan word in fosfaat arme grond soos die Fynbos.
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Calderón, Pinto Daniella, Gómez Alan Girón, Gamarra Lorena López, and Oliveros Silvia Ysidro. "Family Office: “PePe”." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/625392.

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El presente trabajo de investigación propone la adaptación del modelo de negocio Family Office, recaudador de fondos de familiares/amigos que deseen invertir su dinero y obtener beneficio económico superior al costo de oportunidad. Asimismo, el objetivo es atender las necesidades de financiamiento de capital de trabajo para los microempresarios, personas naturales. La idea de negocio es colocar créditos a través de la empresa “PePe”, una forma de financiamiento ágil y de confianza; dirigida a microempresarios con poco acceso a fuentes de financiamiento, dispuestos a pagar intereses acorde a su necesidad e inmediatez de la transacción. En el análisis, evidenciamos que existe la oportunidad de generar negocios este segmento debido a su mentalidad emprendedora y a los volúmenes que constituyen este sector, que supera el millón de microempresarios en Lima. Asimismo, la experiencia y conocimiento de los socios en las áreas de Marketing, Recursos Humanos, Banca y Finanzas viabilizan una inversión a cinco años, sustentada en procesos ágiles aceptados por el cliente, gestión de talento humano de alto desempeño y una tasa interna de retorno superior al 50% con un VPN por encima de los 170 mil soles. Es por ello, creemos firmemente que el negocio será rentable considerando la desatención actual del nicho de mercado al que nos dirigimos, además del altísimo potencial y escalabilidad asociada al tamaño del mercado y a la tendencia digital, que crecen constantemente.
The present research project proposes the adaptation of the business model Family office, fundraiser of family / friends who wish to invest their money and obtain an economic benefit higher than the cost of the opportunity. Likewise, the objective is to meet the financing needs of working capital for micro entrepreneurs, natural persons. The business idea is a credit through the company "PePe", an agile and trustworthy form of financing; Directing micro entrepreneurs with little access to funding sources, to the interests of the transaction. In the analysis, we show that there is an opportunity to generate business in this segment due to its entrepreneurial mentality and the volumes that have become this sector, which exceeds one million micro entrepreneurs in Lima. Also, the experience and knowledge of the partners in the areas of Marketing, Human Resources, Banking and Finance through a five-year investment, based on the agile processes accepted by the client, the management of human talent and the rate of return. Greater than 50% with a VPN above 170 thousand soles. That is why we always believe that the business is profitable, the current market market disregard, the future potential and the scalability associated with the size of the market and the digital trend, which are constantly growing.
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Geserick, Christoph. "Androgenregulierte PEPP-Homeoboxgene Mechanismen der selektiven Androgenrezeptorwirkung = The androgen-regulated PEPP homeobox genes /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/2003/96/index.html.

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Beppler, Márcio Duarte. "E-PEP." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/92911.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, Florianópolis, 2009
Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-24T13:53:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 275864.pdf: 6675865 bytes, checksum: 79f748c6d7545a7e23c7b249112ba4de (MD5)
Através dos avanços da tecnologia tem-se buscado soluções para facilitar o trabalho do profissional assim como à assistência prestada ao paciente. Entretanto, muitas instituições ainda apresentam limitações por não conseguirem disponibilizar de maneira rápida e organizada registros de saúde do paciente como a prescrição e evolução de enfermagem que, junto com outras informações de responsabilidade da enfermagem, representam 50% de todo registro do paciente. Nesse sentido, propôs-se um framework capaz de centralizar, organizar e padronizar o registro e consulta de informações de prescrição e evolução de enfermagem com vistas a possibilitar o acesso por meio de dispositivos móveis. Para a definição do framework foi proposto uma arquitetura baseada em camadas, tornando o framework mais genérico, com isso, de mais fácil adaptabilidade às necessidades de ambientes variados. Possibilitou ainda acesso em tempo real dos registros dos pacientes. A demonstração da viabilidade do framework ocorreu por meio do desenvolvimento de um protótipo em uma instituição de saúde e através de treinamentos e questionários aplicados aos profissionais que avaliaram aspectos de usabilidade (avaliação de satisfação) e motivacional. O uso de dispositivos móveis possibilitou acesso rápido a informações simultaneamente, por qualquer profissional, de qualquer paciente em qualquer área que disponibilize acesso ao protótipo, respeitando o acesso e sigilo dessas informações. O framework obteve resultados promissores sendo caracterizado como muito interessante e eficiente com pontuações respectivamente de 31,43 e 32,86, em uma escala de 0 a 36. Obteve ainda índices de satisfação em 88,57% na facilidade de utilização e 85,71% na organização das informações apresentadas sendo que o grau de satisfação foi avaliado em 91,84%.
With the advance of technology new solutions have been proposed to support health professionals to assist their patients. However, many institutions do not make patient's health records available. Nursing evolution and prescription along with other types of nursing information represent 50% of all patient's data. Because of the dynamicity required by nursing tasks, the simultaneous access to this kind of information in any physical location in the institution is another problem that should be handled. Based on such issues, it was proposed a framework responsible for centralizing, organizing, and standardizing the gathering and searching for nursing evolution and prescription information. Moreover, this framework also intends to make this information available to mobile devices. It was developed a prototype to a health institution to demonstrate the viability, and questionnaires were applied to professionals onsite who assessed aspects related to usability and motivation. Due to the use of mobile devices, health professionals could access, respecting security issues, any patient's information any time and at any place simultaneously. The framework had promissory results and was characterized as very interesting and efficient with 31.43 and 32.86 scores respectively, in a 0 to 36 scale. The satisfaction index related to the usability aspect was 88.57% and 85.71% related to how information was presented. The overall satisfaction grade was 91.84%.
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Sullivan, Jonathan Stuart. "Identification and expression analysis of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPc) and PEPc kinase genes in C₃ plants." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415261.

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Amaro, Claudia Maria Alen. "The role of the aminopeptidase A in the Xer site-specific recombination system." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362001.

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Johansson, Andreas. "Blos på svenska : Två låtar med Peps Persson." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för musikvetenskap, 1998. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-173898.

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Andreas Johansson: Blos på svenska. Två låtar med Peps Persson. Uppsala: Musikvetenskap, 1998. C-uppsats (60 p). Hur låter amerikansk Chicagoblues framförd av en svensk bluesmusiker? Denna fråga har varit utgångspunkt för uppsatsen, för vilken syftet är att beskriva och jämföra likheter och skillnader mellan dagens Chicagoblues i Sverige och den ursprungliga amerikanska Chicagobluesen från 1950-talet. I uppsatsen jämförs två låtar från Peps Perssons skiva Rotblos (1997) med de låtar Peps använt som förlagor. Jag har valt att analysera låtarnas harmonik, form, ensemblespel, sångstil och text. När en musikgenre flyttas över från en kultur till en annan är ackulturationsprocessen en viktig beståndsdel. I Peps tolkningar är det svårt att hitta spår av någon annan musikform än bluesen. Den största skillnaden mellan förlaga och tolkning finns egentligen i Peps svenska texter. I dessa svenska versioner flyttar Peps låtarnas handling från USA till Skåne, men utan att förlora den ursprungliga innebörden.
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Robison, Tiffany Marie. "Characterization of Aminopeptidase PepZ in Staphylococcus aureus Virulence." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3314.

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Staphylococcus aureus is a remarkably successful pathogen, accounting for an estimated 95,000 invasive infections annually in the U.S. alone. The burden of MRSA infections on public healthcare continues to rise, particularly with the continued spread of antibiotic resistant strains and the hyper-virulent CA-MRSA strains. The pathogenic nature of S. aureus can be attributed to the cache of virulence factors encoded within the genome of this organism. Typically, these are secreted toxins which directly interact with the host during infection, and facilitate pathogenesis. A previous screen in our laboratory investigating proteases in S. aureus identified a mutant in aminopeptidase Z as being attenuated in disease causation. Classically aminopeptidases function in the bioactivation/inactivation of proteins; and/or the utilization of imported peptides for cellular nutrition. We therefore hypothesize that cells deficient in one of these two processes would have decreased fitness levels, resulting in reduced virulence. We therefore sought to explore the role of PepZ in S. aureus; either in the processing of exogenous oligopeptides for nutrition, or in protein bioactivation/inactivation, and protein stability. We determined that S. aureus strains deficient in PepZ are less viable when cultured under conditions of starvation or while in competition for nutrients with the parent strain, and does not appear to be peptide driven. Using protein analysis approaches we have identified PepZ externalization, suggesting a potential for the aminopeptidase beyond the confines of the cell membrane. Additionally, we have also identified a potential role for PepZ in protein stability in this organism. Lastly, we present the essential role for PepZ in S. aureus virulence.
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Fangary, Yassar Saad. "Characterisation of mixing processes using PEPT/fluid mixing." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343875.

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PEPT (positron emission particle tracking) is a technique for tracking a small radioactive tracer in Lagrangian co-ordinates. The technique was used to study the flow patterns of non-Newtonian CMC (Carboxy Methyl Cellulose) solutions inside a vessel agitated by an axial flow impeller. The 'non-intrusive' PEPT technique uses two position-sensitive detectors to track a radioactive particle in space and time. The particle is labelled with a positron emitting isotope. Once emitted from the nucleus a positron annihilates with an electron releasing energy in the form of two 511 keV back-to-back gamma-rays travelling in opposite directions, 180 degrees apart. The tracer particle is introduced into the stirred vessel which is mounted between the two detectors of the positron camera. Three axial flow impellers produced by Lightnin Mixers Ltd were used to carry out the experiments. Results showed that the discharge from the three impellers was radial when agitating non-Newtonian viscous solutions of CMC. Trajectory analysis was used to compare the performance of the impellers using the agitation index and the efficiency of circulation. A limited number of experiments was carried out to compare the effect of baffles on the circulation of the fluids in a mixing tank. The results showed that mixing of these non-Newtonian liquids in an unbaffled tank is better than in a baffled tank when using axial flow impellers. Other experiments were carried out to suspend solid particles in viscous fluids. Results showed that the minimum speed required to suspend large particles is lower than that required to suspend small particles. There are many correlations and models in the literature to determine the minimum speed required to suspend all the particles in a fluid; some of these correlations and models were compared with experimental results from this work. The correlation of Zweitering (1958) agreed with experimental data after modification. The Geisler et al. (1993) model agreed with the data provided that the power consumption is correctly substituted. The last part of this work concerned the flow of non-Newtonian viscous materials through industrial equipment. Yoghurt was chosen as the test fluid as one of the companies sponsoring this project was Eden Vale, a yoghurt manufacturer. A method was proposed using rheological measurements to simulate the flow through the dispensing pipeline and distributing nozzles; this method allows the designer to predict the final properties of yoghurt after passing through the paching head. Measurements were also carried out to determine the final gel structure of yoghurt in the delivery pots. This data of this thesis is useful in designing stirred tanks when non-Newtonian fluid is present, either for agitation or when suspending solids. Also, a method was provided to design yoghurt manufacturing line.
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Books on the topic "Pepy I"

1

Kanawati, Naguib. Conspiracies in the Egyptian palace: Unis to Pepy I. London: Routledge, 2003.

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Valloggia, Michel. Le monument funéraire d'Ima-Pepy/Ima-Meryrê: Balat IV. Le Caire: Institut français d'archéologie orientale, 1998.

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Conspiracies in the Egyptian palace: Unis to Pepy I. New York: Routledge, 2002.

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Naguib, Kanawati, and Australian Centre for Egyptology, eds. Quseir el-Amarna: The tombs of Pepy-ankh and Khewen-wekh. Sydney: Australian Centre for Egyptology, 1989.

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Eguren, Gustavo. Pepe. La Habana, Cuba: Ediciones Unión, 1998.

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Pnina, Nedivi, ed. Pepi. Yerushalayim: Karmel, 2012.

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Vanessa. Pepe. Quezon City, Philippines: Precious pages corp., 2004.

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Espaliú, Pepe. Pepe Espaliú. Madrid: Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía, 1994.

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Espaliú, Pepe. Pepe Espaliz. Barcelona: La col-lecciF3 del MACBA, 1996.

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Avilés, Pepe. Pepe Avilés. Quito: Facultad de Arquitectura y Diseño de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Ecuador, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Pepy I"

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Lieberman, M., and T. Sasaki. "Fe(pepy)3: A designed protein with multiple tertiary conformations." In Peptides, 1052–53. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0683-2_356.

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Hage, Hassan, Emmanouil Seferis, Vahid Hashemi, and Frank Mantwill. "SMC4PEP: Stochastic Model Checking of Product Engineering Processes." In Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering, 155–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99429-7_9.

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AbstractProduct Engineering Processes (PEPs) are used for describing complex product developments in big enterprises such as automotive and avionics industries. The Business Process Model Notation (BPMN) is a widely used language to encode interactions among several participants in such PEPs. In this paper, we present SMC4PEPl as a tool to convert graphical representations of a business process using the BPMN standard to an equivalent discrete-time stochastic control process called Markov Decision Process (MDP). To this aim, we first follow the approach described in an earlier investigation to generate a semantically equivalent business process which is more capable of handling the PEP complexity. In particular, the interaction between different levels of abstraction is realized by events rather than direct message flows. Afterwards, SMC4PEPl converts the generated process to an MDP model described by the syntax of the probabilistic model checking tool PRISM. As such, SMC4PEPl provides a framework for automatic verification and validation of business processes in particular with respect to requirements from legal standards such as Automotive SPICE. Moreover, our experimental results confirm a faster verification routine due to smaller MDP models generated from the alternative event-based BPMN models.
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Ueno, Y., J. Emura, K. Y. Kumagaye, K. Nakajima, K. Inami, T. Shiba, S. Hata, and K. Izui. "Regulatory Phosphorylation of Maize C4-Form PEP Carboxylase (PEPC): Antibody Detection System and Purification of PEPC-protein Kinase." In Photosynthesis: Mechanisms and Effects, 3407–10. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3953-3_794.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Cucurbita pepo." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 135. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_2552.

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Lim, T. K. "Cucurbita pepo." In Edible Medicinal And Non-Medicinal Plants, 281–94. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1764-0_42.

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Gilmore, Stephen, Jane Hillston, and Leïla Kloul. "PEPA Nets." In Performance Tools and Applications to Networked Systems, 311–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24663-3_15.

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Palmisano, Alida, and Corrado Priami. "Bio-PEPA." In Encyclopedia of Systems Biology, 145–46. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9863-7_765.

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Schlaeger, Jürgen. "Pepys, Samuel." In Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL), 1. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05728-0_14481-1.

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McGowan, Ian. "Samuel Pepys." In The Restoration and Eighteenth Century, 67–71. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20143-3_5.

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Waser, Georges. "In Pepys’ Worten." In Londoner Tagebuch, 103–4. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-6429-9_58.

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Conference papers on the topic "Pepy I"

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Soares, Pamella, Allysson Allex Araújo, Raphael Saraiva, and Jerffeson Souza. "Escalabilidade no contexto de Prontuário Eletrônico do Paciente baseado em Blockchain: Um Estudo Experimental sobre Armazenamento Off-chain." In Workshop em Modelagem e Simulação de Sistemas Intensivos em Software. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/mssis.2021.17260.

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O Prontuário Eletrônico do Paciente (PEP) é uma estrutura fundamental para manutenção da informação sobre a saúde do indivíduo, cujos dados demandam interoperabilidade e privacidade no fornecimento de cuidados aos pacientes. Nesse contexto, o uso de blockchain se demonstra promissor por permitir que diferentes atores formem uma rede que compartilha informações confiáveis, favorecendo a disponibilidade e integridade. Porém, tal integração ainda deve lidar com o desafio da escalabilidade em blockchain, o que pode ser um impasse em PEPs tendo em vista a quantidade de dados intrínseca ao domínio da saúde. Como parte de uma pesquisa em desenvolvimento, este artigo apresenta um modelo arquitetural preliminar e um estudo experimental o qual avalia o uso de uma estratégia off-chain para lidar com o desafio da escalabilidade no contexto de PEP baseado em blockchain. Contribui-se, portanto, no avanço da adoção de blockchain em projetos de PEP.
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Li, Te, Qihong Shao, and Yi Chen. "PEPX." In the 15th ACM international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1183614.1183761.

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Abid, Maira, Muhammad Ahmed Bhimra, Muhammad Mubeen, Azan Bin Zahid, and Suleman Shahid. "Peppy." In IDC '19: Interaction Design and Children. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3311927.3325311.

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"TRASTORNO POR DÉFICIT DE ATENCIÓN E HIPERACTIVIDAD (TDAH), ANFETAMINAS, ADICCIÓN Y PRIMEROS EPISODIOS PSICÓTICOS (PEPS). A PROPÓSITO DE UN CASO." In 23° Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Patología Dual (SEPD) 2021. SEPD, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/sepd2021p064v.

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1. Descripción precisa de los objetivos El objetivo es describir la evolución clínica, diagnóstica y terapéutica de un varón de 20 años que inicia seguimiento psiquiátrico ambulatorio por sintomatología cognitiva y afectiva siendo diagnosticado de TDAH, indicándose tratamiento con psicoestimulantes. Posteriormente, el paciente cae en la autoprescripción y abuso que desemboca en una desorganización mental que precipitan un ingreso, siendo diagnosticado de PEP. Al alta, inicia seguimiento ambulatorio en la Unidad de PEPs, donde se reformula el posible diagnóstico y el tratamiento (material y métodos), que es complejo dada la creencia delirante del paciente. Además, realizamos una revisión sistemática con la que reflexionamos al respecto (resultados y conclusiones). 2. Material y métodos Para el diagnóstico se ha recurrido a la historia clínica electrónica, a la anamnesis y catamnesis, a la exploración psicopatológica realizada por varios profesionales, a una valoración neurocognitiva y el despistaje de etiología orgánica. El plan de cuidados ha incluido tres hospitalizaciones en Unidades de Agudos, así como un seguimiento en consultas con abordaje farmacológico y psicoterapéutico, tanto para el PEP en sí mismo (terapia metacognitiva e individual), como para la patología adictiva concomitante (entrevista motivacional). 3.Resultados y conclusiones Los resultados son clínicos, pendientes de evolución. La situación actual del paciente es fluctuante, dada su complejidad, motivo por el cual se mantiene en tratamiento. Como conclusiones queremos transmitir nuestra reflexión acerca de la utilización de medicación psicotrópica estimulante y potencialmente adictiva en casos cuya filiación diagnóstica no esté clara o pueda resultar incluso prematura dada las influencias y presiones tanto asistenciales, sociales y del propio paciente, a las que se ve sometida la práctica clínica actual. Nosotros somos igualmente partícipes y conocedores de la misma, de lo dificultoso de su manejo y aspiramos a que el presente caso, sumado a la revisión, pueda facilitar un mejor abordaje.
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Kirshenbaum, Nurit, and Scott Robertson. "PEPA Deck." In CHI PLAY '18: The annual symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3270316.3271521.

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Langford, Seth, Cody Wiggins, Nitant Patel, and Arthur Ruggles. "Positron Emission Particle Tracking (PEPT) Validation for Jet Flow." In 2016 24th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone24-60880.

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Positron Emission Particle Tracking (PEPT) generates 4D Lagrangian particle trajectories and is increasingly used to evaluate flow in granular media and complex geometries where optical interrogation methods are not possible. A Multi-Particle PEPT (Multi-PEPT) approach was developed capable of finding and tracking many particles simultaneously to extend the utility of the PEPT method. This paper compares 4,014 trajectories generated using the Multi-PEPT method with 3,055 trajectories generated from High Speed Video (HSV) data. All trajectories are taken in an acrylic test section with water flow using resin beads. The flow geometry includes a flow restriction producing a jet of Reynolds number 23,500 ±800, with peak velocity near 2 m/s, and two recirculation zones. Variation between measurement outcomes is generally less than 0.1 m/s, and measured variations fall within measurement uncertainties. Data co-location uncertainty contributes to larger variations between Multi-PEPT and HSV velocities in regions of steep gradients.
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Madariaga, Diego, Lucas Torrealba, Javier Madariaga, Javier Bustos-Jiménez, and Benjamin Bustos. "PePa Ping Dataset." In MMSys '21: 12th ACM Multimedia Systems Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3458305.3478456.

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Lehikoinen, Jaakko T., and Anne Kaikkonen. "PePe field study." In the 8th conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1152215.1152228.

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Li, Chen, Andrew Zigerelli, Jun Yang, and Yang Guo. "PEP." In DAC '18: The 55th Annual Design Automation Conference 2018. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3195970.3196091.

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Clark, Allan. "The ipclib PEPA Library." In Fourth International Conference on the Quantitative Evaluation of Systems (QEST 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/qest.2007.20.

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Reports on the topic "Pepy I"

1

Alger, T. PEPC LRU: Ball Support Assembly. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15005719.

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Gaydosh, Michael. PEP-II Alignment. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/813117.

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Shenoy, G. K. PEP vs 6-GeV. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/377496.

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Allen, C. W. PEP-II Hardware Reliability. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/839818.

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Lynch, H., R. F. Schwitters, and W. T. Toner. Background sources at PEP. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6925390.

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Brown, K. L., R. T. Avery, and J. M. Peterson. The PEP injection system. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6976407.

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Dorfan, J. M. PEP-II status report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/666092.

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Weidner, H. Seepage into PEP tunnel. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6951846.

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Trent, J. W. NIF PEPC Mechanical Test Stand Safety Note. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15005721.

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10

Bray, Elizabeth, Zvi Lerner, and Alexander Poljakoff-Mayber. The Role of Phytohormones in the Response of Plants to Salinity Stress. United States Department of Agriculture, September 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7613007.bard.

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Abstract:
Salinity is an increasing problem in many irrigated areas of crop production and is a significant factor in reducing crop productivity. Developmental, physiological, and molecular responses to salinity were studied in order to improve our understanding of these responses. Improvements in our understanding of plant responses to salinity are necessary in order to develop crops with improved salt tolerance. Previously, in Israel, it was shown that Sorghum biccolor can adapt to an otherwise lethal concentration of NaCl. These experiments were refined and it was shown that there is a specific window of development in which this adaption can occur. Past the window of development, Sorghum plants can not be adapted. In addition, the ability to adapt is not present in all genotypes of Sorghum. Cultivars that adapt have an increased coefficient of variation for many of the physiological parameters measured during the mid-phase of adaptation. Therefore, it is possible that the adaptation process does not occur identically in the entire population. A novel gene was identified, isolated and characterized from Sorghum that is induced in roots in response to salinity. This gene is expressed in roots in response to salt treatments, but it is not salt-induced in leaves. In leaves, the gene is expressed without a salt treatment. The gene encodes a proline-rich protein with a novel proline repeat, PEPK, repeated more than 50 times. An antibody produced to the PEPK repeat was used to show that the PEPK protein is present in the endodermal cell wall of the root during salt treatments. In the leaves, the protein is also found predominantly in the cell wall and is present mainly in the mesophyll cells. It is proposed that this protein is involved in the maintenance of solute concentration.
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