Academic literature on the topic 'Peptides de l’immunité innée'
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Journal articles on the topic "Peptides de l’immunité innée"
DUCROT, C., D. FRIC, A. C. LALMANACH, V. MONNET, P. SANDERS, and C. SCHOULER. "Perspectives d’alternatives thérapeutiques antimicrobiennes aux antibiotiques en élevage." INRA Productions Animales 30, no. 1 (June 14, 2018): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2017.30.1.2234.
Full textBoularouk, Adnane, Fadia Rahal, and Siham Bencheikh. "Vitamin D and Covid-19." Batna Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS) 7, S (August 26, 2020): S26—S29. http://dx.doi.org/10.48087/bjmstf.2020.s716.
Full textAbbal, M. "L’immunité innée partenaire essentiel de l’immunité adaptative." Revue Française d'Allergologie 53, no. 7 (November 2013): 598–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reval.2013.03.002.
Full textMartin, Baptiste, and Étienne Decroly. "Mécanismes d’échappement des filovirus à l’immunité innée." médecine/sciences 34, no. 8-9 (August 2018): 671–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/20183408013.
Full textGonçalves, Elena, and Béhazine Combadière. "Prédire la réponse à la vaccination contre la grippe." médecine/sciences 36, no. 1 (January 2020): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2019266.
Full textSmith, Nikaïa, Nicolas Pietrancosta, and Jean-Philippe Herbeuval. "CXCR4, le nouveau régulateur de l’immunité innée ?" médecine/sciences 33, no. 8-9 (August 2017): 711–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/20173308008.
Full textMoingeon, P., A. Zimmer, V. Baron-Bodo, L. Van Overtvelt, and L. Mascarell. "L’immunothérapie spécifique agit-elle sur l’immunité innée ?" Revue Française d'Allergologie 50, no. 3 (April 2010): 207–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reval.2010.02.008.
Full textStiel, Laure, and Mathieu Blot. "Les bases de la réponse immunitaire innée pour le réanimateur." Médecine Intensive Réanimation 33, no. 2 (June 7, 2024): 173–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.37051/mir-00221.
Full textImler, Jean-Luc, and Dominique Ferrandon. "Le printemps de l’immunité innée couronné à Stockholm." médecine/sciences 27, no. 11 (November 2011): 1019–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/20112711020.
Full textGaraude, Johan. "Mobiliser l’immunité innée dans le traitement des cancers." médecine/sciences 29, no. 11 (November 2013): 985–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/20132911014.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Peptides de l’immunité innée"
Toubiana, Mylène. "L’immunité innée chez la moule méditerranéenne Mytilus galloprovincialis : de la transmission du signal à la régulation génique." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20201/document.
Full textThe Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis (bivalve, mollusc), is an ecologically and economically essential animal. As other invertebrates, it possesses only an innate immune system to protect itself against infections. However, constantly exposed to a large variety of invasive and potentially pathogen microorganisms, and existing since more than 500 million years, its immune system seems very effective. To improve our understanding on such a system, present works were made concerning the structure and expression regulation of peptides involved in the immune response. They allowed (i) to determine that the constitutive expression levels of genes linked to immunity, as well as the nature and intensity of their expression regulation, are strongly dependent on the season and on the geographical origin of mussels; (ii) to confirm the crucial role of the three-dimensional structure of antimicrobial peptides (AMP) in biological activities; (iii) to determine the complete structure of mytimycine, a strictly antifungal peptide, as well as of cytokine MIF; (iv) to confirm the existence of an extended polymorphism of mRNA coding for the molecular effectors of immunity in individuals, within and between populations; (v) to determine that expression levels of genes linked to immunity are strongly dependent to the injected microorganisms, suggesting a specific recognition/ response; (vi) to demonstrate the existence of a functional signalling pathway from Toll-like receptors (TLR) to NF-κB factor, but not of an IMD-like pathway. In conclusion, the immune response of the mussel appeared extremely complex, involving polymorphic effectors expressed differently according to the season, the geographical origin, and specifically in response to different microorganisms. On the other hand, their gene transcription could be under the control of only one signal transmission pathway
Paquet, Amélie. "Peptides de l’immunité innée (défensines et cathélicidines) : expression dans les contextes d’obésité et de diabète de type 2, et lien avec la régulation fonctionnelle des adipocytes médullaires et l’os." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Littoral, 2024. https://documents.univ-littoral.fr/access/content/group/50b76a52-4e4b-4ade-a198-f84bc4e1bc3c/BULCO/Th%C3%A8ses/MABLab/123427_PAQUET_2024_archivage.pdf.
Full textObesity is a major risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes (T2D), the diseases favoured by systemic inflammation and insulin resistance. These metabolic diseases are associated to bone fragility increasing significantly the risk of fracture, often without modification in bone mineral density. Obesity and T2D are also accompanied by an abnormal high level of fat in the bone marrow (bone marrow adiposity (BMA)) which is suspected to exert a deleterious effect on the bone. However, the underlying mechanisms increasing the BMA and its consequences on bone tissue are not fully understood. The defensins and the cathelicidin, the antimicrobial peptides of the innate immunity the expression of which is modified in obesity and T2D, seem to influence the osteoblastic differentiation of skeletal stem cells (SSC). This PhD thesis explores the relationships between the expression of the cathelicidin gene, the regulation of BMA, and the bone alterations in the context of obesity and T2D. The first part of this work evaluated, in murine models of obesity -based on High Fat Diet - HFD) and of T2D (induced by HFD combined with streptozotocin-STZ treatment), the relations between the expression of the murine cathelicidin (CRAMP : cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide), the BMA, and bone microarchitecture and fragility. C57BL/6J male mice fed with HFD have developed hyperinsulinemic obesity, characterized by weight gain, a moderate hyperglycaemia, an impaired glucose tolerance with an insulin resistance. This obesity induced decreased trabecular and cortical thickness of the tibia, associated with a significant expansion of BMA, without changes in the circulating levels of the CRAMP peptide despite a decreased expression of its transcripts in visceral adipose tissue (VAT). These findings highlight the role of insulin in the accumulation of bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds). In contrast, the HFD/STZ mice model induces a marked hyperghycemia and insulinopenia, features of T2D, limiting the expansion of both peripheral and marrow fat as compared to the HFD group. The HFD/STZ diabetic mice also exhibit increased bone fragility, as characterized by a reduction in the trabeculae number of the tibia and a decrease of cortical rigidity of the femur, associated with decreased of CRAMP circulating levels. These alterations suggest a correlation between declined serum levels of CRAMP with a compromised bone quality leading to the bone fragility in diabetic mice. In the second part of this thesis, we studied in vitro the expression of the human cathelicidin gene (CAMP) in BMAds differentiated from SSC, as well as its regulation in response to various metabolic stimuli. For the first time to our knowledge, this study detected the expression of CAMP transripts in BMAds as early as the third day of differentiation, with a gradual increase until mature adipocytes on day 21. Under high glucose concentration (11 or 25 mM), the mRNA levels of CAMP are significantly reduced in BMAds, thus corroborating the negative correlation observed between circulating CRAMP and glycaemia in diabetic mice. Furthermore, treatment of differentiated BMAds with butyrate or oleate led to an increase in CAMP transcripts, whereas propionate caused an opposite effect on CAMP expression in vitro. These regulations suggest that abnormal levels of free fatty acids in the contexts of obesity and T2D or of bone fragility, may have effects on plasma and bone marrow levels of CAMP. Although further studies are needed, this thesis work suggests that the systemic expression of CAMP could constitute an immune-metabolic marker of bone fragility related to T2D. Future research is essential to clarify the mechanisms regulating the cathelicidin expression and better understand its role in the regulation of BMA and bone quality in the contexts of obesity and T2D
Simoni, Yannick. "L’immunité innée dans le diabète sucré." Thesis, Paris 5, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA05T074/document.
Full textThe type 1 diabetes ( T1D ) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of β cells in the pancreas by autoreactive T lymphocytes. During my thesis, we are interested in the role of cells of innate immunity in T1D using a mouse model of the disease: NOD mice. In contrast to cells of the adaptive system (T and B lymphocytes ) cells of innate immunity is the first line of defense of the body during infection . This population consists of neutrophils , among other , plasmacytoid dendritic cells ( pDC ) , macrophages , T lymphocytes but not conventional B as iNKT cells and B -1a.Previously, our laboratory has highlighted the role of iNKT cells in the development of T1D . During the first part of my thesis , we demonstrated that iNKT17 cells, a subpopulation of iNKT cells, have a deleterious role in T1D in NOD mice . These cells infiltrate the pancreas and there produce IL -17 , a proinflammatory cytokine. Through transfer experiments , we demonstrated that lymphocytes iNKT17 exacerbate disease through the production of IL-17 . In the second part of my thesis , we investigated the mechanisms that induce the activation of autoreactive T lymphocytes. We observed in NOD mice , the physiological death of β cells leads to activation of innate immunity cells : neutrophils, lymphocytes B- 1a and pDCs . The cooperation between these cells leads to activation of pDC that produce IFNa . This cytokine activates autoreactive T cells which will destroy the β cells of the pancreas. Our results show that innate immunity is an important player in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus
Decque, Adrien. "Etude de la SUMOylation dans l’immunité innée et l’oncogenèse." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066312/document.
Full textSUMOylation is a reversible post-translational modification modifying the functions of hundreds ofproteins. It is implicated in essential cellular and organismal processes, such as nuclear shuttling, DNArepair, mitosis, transcription. Using genetically modified models, deficient for the uniqueSUMOylation E2 enzyme UBC9, we characterized the consequences of a decrease in globalSUMOylation in two processes: innate immunity and oncogenesis.We reveal a major role for SUMOylation in the negative regulation of the gene coding for IFN-.Deregulation of this gene in the absence of Ubc9 has dramatic consequences on innate immunity, withincreased inflammatory transcriptional program expression, endotoxic shock hypersensitivity, andprotection against viral infection. Chromatin binding profile analysis of SUMO surrounding the Ifnb1gene revealed three new putative regulatory domains. Finally, SUMOylation regulates endogenousretroviruses expression, potential triggers for interferon response.Our second research axis allowed the characterization of the consequences of global SUMOylationdecrease on cellular transformation and colorectal oncogenesis. Our results show increased sensitivityof transformed cells to SUMOylation loss, when compared to primary cells. Furthermore, decreasingUBC9 levels by half causes a two-fold decrease in intestinal polyp numbers developing in the colon ofmice, in a chemically-induced model of colorectal oncogenesis.Altogether, these results helped increasing our knowledge of the role of SUMOylation in majorcellular processes implicated in oncogenesis and innate immunity
Decque, Adrien. "Etude de la SUMOylation dans l’immunité innée et l’oncogenèse." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2014. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2014PA066312.pdf.
Full textSUMOylation is a reversible post-translational modification modifying the functions of hundreds ofproteins. It is implicated in essential cellular and organismal processes, such as nuclear shuttling, DNArepair, mitosis, transcription. Using genetically modified models, deficient for the uniqueSUMOylation E2 enzyme UBC9, we characterized the consequences of a decrease in globalSUMOylation in two processes: innate immunity and oncogenesis.We reveal a major role for SUMOylation in the negative regulation of the gene coding for IFN-.Deregulation of this gene in the absence of Ubc9 has dramatic consequences on innate immunity, withincreased inflammatory transcriptional program expression, endotoxic shock hypersensitivity, andprotection against viral infection. Chromatin binding profile analysis of SUMO surrounding the Ifnb1gene revealed three new putative regulatory domains. Finally, SUMOylation regulates endogenousretroviruses expression, potential triggers for interferon response.Our second research axis allowed the characterization of the consequences of global SUMOylationdecrease on cellular transformation and colorectal oncogenesis. Our results show increased sensitivityof transformed cells to SUMOylation loss, when compared to primary cells. Furthermore, decreasingUBC9 levels by half causes a two-fold decrease in intestinal polyp numbers developing in the colon ofmice, in a chemically-induced model of colorectal oncogenesis.Altogether, these results helped increasing our knowledge of the role of SUMOylation in majorcellular processes implicated in oncogenesis and innate immunity
Lartigue, Aurélia. "Les modèles murins de lupus erythemateux dissemine (LED) : rôle de l’immunité innée et de l’immunité spécifique." Rouen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ROUES009.
Full textSLE is an autoimmune disease characterised by the production of anti-nuclear Ab and immune complex formation which induce tissue lesions. Lupus disease in mice WB is associated with anti-phospholipid syndrome and risk of atherosclerosis development, we characterised Ab directed against nucleophosmin. This autoAb population is associated with presence of anti-cardiolipin Ab and could be responsible for vascular lesions. We showed that disease development is dramatically increased in B6lpr/lpr lupus mice knocked out for tlr9 and this protective role of TLR9 could be explained by its implication in anti-nucleosome Ab response. Inversely, clinical signs of the disease are improved in TLR2-/- and TLR4-/- mice suggesting a harmful effect of TLR2 and TLR4 due to their implication in B cell differentiation and more precisely in marginal zone B cell emergency
Geoffre, Nicolas. "Modulation de la carcinogenèse hépatique par une protéine de l’immunité innée REG3A." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASQ030.
Full textThe hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver cancer developing mainly on a cirrhotic background. HCC is the 6th most commonly occurring and the 2nd most deadly cancer in the world. Little is known about the mechanisms involved in HCC making it difficult to develop effective treatments against this aggressive cancer. Our study investigated the effects of a human C-type lectin, REG3A, on liver carcinogenesis. REG3A is a secreted 16 kDa protein, which binds specific poly/oligosaccharides targets and acts on various inflamed and cancerous organs in autocrine and paracrine manner. REG3A displays several biological activities in cell growth and survival, the tissue protection against inflammation and oxidative stress. Its role in carcinogenesis is still controversial. We demonstrated that overexpression of REG3A delayed the onset of HCC in two murine models of chemical and genetic carcinogenesis. We showed that the slow-down effect of REG3A was associated with a significant reduction of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAcylation) of proteins. We described how this phenomenon unbalances the stability / degradation of the c-MYC oncogene, promotes c-MYC degradation and slows tumor development at least in our experimental models. Overall, our study reveals a link between lectin, O-GlcNAcylation and carcinogenesis. However, the mechanisms by which REG3A regulates O-GlcNAcylation remain to be elucidated
Madore, Charlotte. "Plasticité morphofonctionnelle du système de l’immunité innée cérébrale : modulation par l’inflammation et la nutrition." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR22059/document.
Full textThe brain innate immune system is mainly composed of microglial cells. Microglia are activated in response to an immune or inflammatory stimuli or a trauma, and then produce pro- and anti-inflammatory factors. These factors drive the innate immune response and can modulate neuronal activity and in fine, learning and memory. Recently, microglia have been shown to play a key role during brain development. Via their phagocytic activity, microglial cells can participate to neuronal networks maturation. Although brain innate immune system defends brain tissue from aggression, chronic activation of microglia can also be deleterious. In the adult brain, chronic production of inflammatory cytokines can contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. During development, inflammatory stimuli modifying microglia activity and homeostasis could lead to neuropsychiatric diseases with a neurodevelopmental origin. Understanding how microglia are regulated and how they respond to various stimuli is therefore crucial.Microglia activity is characterized by morphological and dynamic properties of microglia,by its communication with neurons by its polarization into a specific phenotype, and by their phagocytic profile. Few studies have characterized all the morphofunctional properties of microglial cells in vivo. Using a combination of approaches including FACS, immunohistochemistry, confocal microscopy, 3D reconstruction, two-photon microscopy and communication factors assays, it is now possible to better characterize these cells in order to understand their regulation by the environment and the resulting impact (beneficial or deleterious) on neuronal functions. The main goal of this thesis was to study the morphofunctional properties of microglial cells in vivo in two pathophysiological states: a peripheral inflammation induced by a peripheral injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and in an n-3 PUFAs nutritional state. In the first study, we developed tools to investigate microglial morphofunctional plasticity and gained a better understanding of the impact of peripheral inflammation on the activity of these cells in vivo. In the second part of this thesis, we showed for the first time that maternal nutritional status in n-3 PUFAs affect the morphofunctional properties of microglial cells and the establishment of neural circuits during the postnatal development of the pups. Overall, our results provide new insights in the relationship between morphological and functional plasticity of microglial cells in vivo
Morel, Victoria. "Rôle chromatinien de SUMO dans l’immunité innée et ses implications dans l’immunothérapie des cancers." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS434.
Full textImmunotherapy has recently emerged as a promising approach for cancer treatment but it only benefits to a limited number of patients. Since loss of SUMOylation in immune cells induces a massive type I interferon (IFN-I) response and IFN-I-based innate responses were found to synergize with checkpoint blockade for the rejection of tumors, we investigated the effect of manipulating the SUMO pathway on anti-tumor immune responses. My results revealed that hypoSUMOylated mice show a significant delay in tumor growth upon PD-1 blockade as compared to the WT and that this anti-tumor response partly depends on IFN-I signaling and involved both myeloid and lymphocytic populations. We then identify the repertoire of endogenous SUMO substrates in macrophages either unstimulated or upon pathogenic stimuli. In total, 1232 substrates of SUMO were identified, 30 of which were differentially SUMOylated upon immune stimuli. Validation and functional characterization of these substrates give some insight into the mechanism by which SUMO regulates immunity. Moreover, it is known that SUMO acts at the chromatin and functions as a general safeguard of cell identity. In this context, another part of my project seeks to assess the function of SUMOylation in a patho-physiological process associated with cell fate changes. More precisely, we studied the role of SUMO in the skeletal muscle system and have shown that hypoSUMOylation improve muscle regeneration. We anticipate these studies to provide new insight into SUMO functions involved in the tissue regeneration as well as to allow the identification of new potential strategies to manipulate inflammation for cancer therapeutic purposes
Castanier, Céline. "Étude de la régulation de la protéine mitochondriale MAVS au cours de l’immunité innée antivirale." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA11T046.
Full textInnate Immunity acts as the first line of the host defense against viral infection, providing a rapid response to restrict the microbial threats. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and cytosolic RIG-I-like helicases (RLRs) are the two major receptor systems for detecting virus. Viral nucleic acids are recognised by the helicases RIG-I and MDA5. These receptors contain two CARD domains involve in the recruitment of the mitochondrial antiviral signaling adaptor MAVS whose activation triggers a rapid production of type 1 interferons (IFNs) and of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Interestingly, it has been reported that MAVS must be localized to mitochondria to exert its function. While MAVS is essential for this signaling, its function and regulation remain unclear. In this work, we report that RLR activation triggers MAVS ubiquitination by the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM25 and marks it for proteasomal degradation concomitantly with downstream signaling. MAVS appears to function as a recruitment platform to first assemble a signaling complex, then the proteasome-mediated MAVS degradation is required to unleash into the cytosol this signaling complex allowing the signalosome activation and ensuing type I IFNs production. Futhermore, we reported that mitochondrial dynamics regulate MAVS-mediated signaling after viral infection
Book chapters on the topic "Peptides de l’immunité innée"
Owen, Judy A., Jenni Punt, and Sharon A. Stranford. "5. L’immunité innée." In Immunologie, 141–85. Dunod, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/dunod.owen.2014.01.0141.
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