Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Peptide hydrolysates'
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Shirako, Saki. "Structure and biological activities of hydrophobic short chain pyroglutamyl peptides in fermented foods and food protein hydrolysates." Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/253335.
Full text0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第22499号
農博第2403号
新制||農||1077(附属図書館)
学位論文||R2||N5279(農学部図書室)
京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生物科学専攻
(主査)教授 佐藤 健司, 教授 菅原 達也, 准教授 豊原 治彦
学位規則第4条第1項該当
Outman, Ahlam. "Production de peptides anticancéreux à partir des hydrolysats d'hémoglobine humaine et bovine, avec des propriétés additionnelles antibactériennes et antioxydantes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ULILR082.
Full textHemoglobin, the predominant protein in cruor responsible for the red colour of mammalian blood, is known to be a rich source of bioactive peptides after hydrolysis by porcine pepsin. These peptides are mainly known for their antimicrobial properties. However, these peptides stand out for their ability to specifically target cancer cells while preserving rapidly proliferating healthy cells. The aim of this thesis is to develop a strategy for adding value to human and bovine haemoglobin by producing bioactive peptides and then exploring their potential in the fight against cancer, while assessing their anti-cancer, anti-bacterial and antioxidant properties.In this work, the potential of human hemoglobin to contain bioactive peptides was first studied in silico in comparison with bovine hemoglobin using bioinformatics tools. Blast results showed high identity, 88% and 85% respectively, indicating high similarity between α and β chains. The enzymatic hydrolysis conditions (23°C, E/S = 1/11, pH 3.5) were validated on human hemoglobin and enabled efficient production of the α137-141 peptide. Indeed, more than 60% of the total α137-141 peptide production was obtained in just 30 minutes of hydrolysis, reaching a production peak at 3 h. Furthermore, the mechanism of enzymatic hydrolysis of these two types of haemoglobin follows a similar pattern, according to a zipper mechanism. Enzymatic hydrolysis was also performed at high haemoglobin concentrations (1, 2, 8 and 10%, w/v), enabling large-scale production of α137-141.Next, the results showed strong antimicrobial activity of the peptide hydrolysates against six bacterial strains, independent of the initial substrate concentration level. The hydrolysates also showed strong antioxidant activity, measured by four different tests. In addition, the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the human and bovine haemoglobin hydrolysates showed little or no significant difference, with only the concentration level being the determining factor in their activity.The anticancer potential of bioactive peptides derived from the enzymatic hydrolysis of haemoglobin was studied. The results obtained using two distinct approaches highlighted their promising potential as anti-cancer agents. The investigation of key parameters such as the initial concentration of haemoglobin, the degree of hydrolysis and the structural characteristics of the antimicrobial peptides highlighted the influence of these factors on the antimitotic activity of the peptides. The α137-141 peptide stood out for its strong inhibition of rootlet growth, with exceptionally low IC50 values, 10 to 15 times higher than other fractions, attributed to its strong antimicrobial potential. In vitro analyses reinforced the hypothesis that inhibition of protein synthesis plays an essential role in the anti-cancer mechanism of these peptides.Finally, the results of the mass spectrometry study showed the presence of a number of bioactive peptides, the majority of which have characteristics similar to those reported in the literature. New bioactive peptides were also identified in human hemoglobin, such as the antibacterial peptides PTTKTYFPHF (α37-46), FPTTKTYFPH (α36-45), TSKYR (α137-141) and STVLTSKYR (α133-141), as well as the antioxidant TSKYR. (α137-141) including three other opioid peptides, an ACE inhibitor, an anticancer agent. This thesis offers a new innovative approach, combining antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer properties, paving the way for more effective and less harmful treatments for patients
Groleau, Paule Émilie. "Étude des interactions peptide-peptide dans un mélange de peptides issu d'un hydrolysat trypsique de ¿-lactoglobuline et de leur influence sur le fractionnement par nanofiltration." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17853.
Full textWhey protein enzymatic hydrolysates contain several functional and bioactive peptides which justify their fractionatation to isolate such interesting molecules. Membrane separation technologies have an excellent potential for peptide separation but peptide-peptide interactions seem to reduce their efficiency. The objectives of this study were to demonstrate the occurrence of peptide-peptide interactions in a tryptic hydrolysate of β-LG, to identify the optimal physico-chemical conditions and peptides responsible of such interactions, as well as to evaluate the influence of such interactions on the fractionation of this hydrolysate by nanofiltration. Isoelectric focusing was used to fractionate the hydrolysate and to demonstrate a peptidic aggregation phenomena at acidic pH. Turbidimetry was then used to highlight the solubility of the hydrolysate according to the pH and some physico-chemical conditions. Peptide aggregates formed at pH 4 were centrifuged and separated, and peptides responsible for this aggregation were identified. From these peptides, the presence of chymotryptic peptides has justified a study of the impact of residual chymotryptic activity in the tryptic preparation on the aggregation phenomena. The second part of this work allowed the evaluation of the effect of these aggregates on the fractionation of the tryptic hydrolysate of β-LG by nanofiltration. It was shown that peptide-peptide interactions do not impair the fractionation. On the contrary, these interactions taking place in the polarized layer may have a positive impact on the fractionation.
Cho, Myong J. "Characterization of bitter peptides from soy protein hydrolysates /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9998475.
Full textOnuh, John Oloche. "Antihypertensive and Antioxidant Properties of Chicken Skin Protein Hydrolysates: In vitro, in vivo, and Metaboloics Studies." Elsevier Publishers, Inc, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30628.
Full textOctober 2015
Le, Coeur Catherine. "Contribution à l'étude d'un hydrolysat pepsique de myoglobine de muscle squelettique rouge de thon Thunnus Albacares : caractérisation des peptides issus de l'hydrolyse étude de l'association hème-peptide." La Rochelle, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LAROS011.
Full textSion, Ludivine. "Bio production à l’échelle pilote d’un hydrolysat peptidique à partir de sang entier bovin et porcin pour l’industrie du Petfood et l’alimentation animale : Identification et caractérisation des peptides actifs." Thesis, Lille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1R023.
Full textRaw blood from slaughterhouses is an important source of proteins. This co-product, currently undervalued, is mainly composed of hemoglobin, a protein rich in active peptides such as antimicrobial peptides, after hydrolysis by porcine pepsin.The aim of this thesis is to propose a new strategy for the valorization of whole blood, without plasma-cruor separation. Preservation of identified bioactive peptides by pepsic hydrolysis of purified hemoglobin is required. This new way of blood valorization, developed and then optimized at laboratory scale, has been technologically transferred on a pilot scale (80 L).The pepsic hydrolysis of 70% bovine 30% porcine blood was first developed at 1% (w/v) of hemoglobin (23°C, 200 mL). This hydrolysis has demonstrated the coexistence of zipper and one by one enzymatic mechanism for the appearance of the peptide population. Hydrolysis parameters (hemoglobin concentration, industrial grade pepsin, enzyme-substrate proportion, acid allowing the sustainability of the hydrolysis pH and hydrolysis time) were optimized by fixing a complete discoloration of the hydrolysate as well as the preservation of the peptide population.The bioactive hydrolysate thus obtained contains antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Mass spectrometry analysis has shown the hydrolysate composition in terms of peptides derived from hemoglobin. No mass above 10 kDa have been found, providing it with a good digestibility: its use in pet food as a food supplement seems promising
Mas, Capdevila Anna. "Hydrolysates and peptides from chicken foot proteins to manage hypertension." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666287.
Full textLa hipertensión arterial se considera uno de los problemas de salud pública más importante de nuestra sociedad. El tratamiento de esta patología se basa en una combinación de cambios en el estilo de vida y tratamiento farmacológico. No obstante, para esos pacientes que se encuentran en fase de desarrollo de la enfermedad i que aún no requieren de tratamiento farmacológico, el uso de nutraceuticos o alimentos funcionales con propiedades antihipertensivas está recibiendo mucha atención ya que podrían ser una buena estrategia para evitar el desarrollo de la hipertensión. En este sentido, esta tesis tiene como objetivo principal la obtención de péptidos antihipertensivos a partir de la hidrólisis de proteínas de pata de pollo, un subproducto de la industria avícola. Así, mediante la hidrólisis de las proteínas de la pata de pollo bajo condiciones de hidrólisis optimizadas se obtuvo un hidrolizado, Hpp11, que mostró efecto antihipertensivo después de una administración aguda y crónica. El hidrolizado Hpp11 administrado agudamente producía el efecto antihipertensivo mediante la reducción de la actividad de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina, mientras que después de su administración crónica, el efecto antihipertensivo estaba mediado por una mejora en la función endotelial. Adicionalmente se caracterizaron los péptidos presentes en Hpp11 y dos de ellos AVFQHNCQE y QVGPLIGRYCG mostraron efecto antihipertensivo. En particular, el péptido AVFQHNCQE no era absorbido y producía su efecto antihipertensivo mediante la interacción con receptores opioides presentes en el tracto gastrointestinal. La interacción con estos receptores desencadenaba un efecto antihipertensivo mediado por el vasodilatador óxido nítrico, del cual se veía aumentada su biodisponibilidad gracias al efecto antioxidante y de mejora de la función endotelial que también mostró el péptido. Los resultados de esta tesis abren las puertas al uso del hidrolizado y de los péptidos antihipertensivos obtenidos en alimentos funcionales o nutraceuticos que permitirían el control y prevención del desarrollo el a hipertensión.
Hypertension is considered one of the most important public health problems in our society. The treatment of this pathology is based on lifestyle modifications and pharmacology treatment. However, for those patients developing hypertension, whose blood pressure is not high enough to warrant pharmacology treatment, the use nutraceuticals or functional foods with antihypertensive properties have attracted considerable interest as good strategy to avoid the development of hypertension In this regard, this thesis aims to obtain antihypertensive peptides through the hydrolysis of chicken foot proteins, a by-product from poultry industries. Thus, through the hydrolysis of chicken foot proteins, it was obtained an hydrolysate, Hpp11, exerting antihypertensive effect after acute and chronic administration. Hpp11 administered acutely produced antihypertensive effect by reducing the activity of angiotensin converting enzyme, while when administered chronically the antihypertensive effect was mediated by an improvement in the endothelial function. Additionally the peptides contained in Hpp11 were characterised and two of them, AVFQHNCQE and QVGPLIGRYCG, showed antihypertensive effect. In particular, the peptide AVFQHNCQE was not absorbed and produced its antihypertensive effect through the interaction with opioid receptors from the gastrointestinal tract. The interaction with those receptors leaded to a nitric oxide-mediated antihypertensive effect. Moreover, the peptide contributed to enhance nitric oxide by exhibiting antioxidant effect and improving endothelial function. The results of this thesis open the doors to the use of the antihypertensive hydrolysate and peptides in functional foods or nutraceuticals for the control and prevention of hypertension.
Geisenhoff, Heidi. "Bitterness of soy protein hydrolysates according to molecular weight of peptides." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1473208.
Full textGibbs, Bernard F. "Production and characterization of bioactive peptides from soy fermented foods and their hydrolysates." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ50171.pdf.
Full textChabanon, Gérald. "Hydrolyses enzymatiques d'isolats protéiques issus de tourteaux de colza : cinétique, modélisation, caractérisation et fonctionnalité des peptides." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2005. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL/2005_CHABANON_G.pdf.
Full textThis thesis made it possible to study obtaining biologically active peptides or with functional properties through the development of processes for the preparation and the hydrolysis of protein isolates resulting from rapeseed cakes. First, a method of preparation of two protein isolates being different by the type of proteins (Globulin or Albumin) was developed. The two isolates do not have good functional properties but their partial hydrolysis by Alcalase 2. 4L improves some of them. Then, the hydrolytic action of commercial proteases (Alcalase 2. 4L, Pronase SG, Neutrase 0. 8L, Prolyve BS, Lypaïne 6500, Orientase 90N, Espérase 7. 5L) on the isolate of globulins was compared. The valorisation of the hydrolysates related to their capacity to promote the growth of animal cells cultivated in a serum-free medium. It was shown that the kinetics of hydrolysis, the size of produced peptides and the biological activity of the hydrolysates are significantly influenced by the specificity of the enzyme and there is a relation enzyme/ degree of hydrolysis (DH)/ targeted activity. Lastly, we showed for three different enzyme/substrate systems (Alcalase / Globulin, Pronase / Globulin and Alcalase / Albumin) that at given DH and pH, the peptide composition of the hydrolysates is independent of the initial enzyme and substrate concentrations and of the temperature. Thus, the prediction of the temporal evolution of the DH, whatever the values of precedent parameters, allows to control the generation of a peptide mixture with targeted properties. A model based on the reaction pathway of Michaelis-Menten was then built in order to simulate the hydrolysis kinetics in batch reactor. For that, limiting phenomena implied in the hydrolysis (inhibition or inactivation of the enzyme, modification of the substrate) were highlighted
Chabanon, Gérald Marc Ivan. "Hydrolyses enzymatiques d'isolats protéiques issus de tourteaux de colza cinétique, modélisation, caractérisation et fonctionnalité des peptides /." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy : INPL, 2005. http://www.scd.inpl-nancy.fr/theses/2005_CHABANON_G.pdf.
Full textChang, Chia-Chien (Carole) 1979. "Antioxidant activities of hydrolysates and peptides generated from high hydrostatic pressure-treated soy protein isolates." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=100783.
Full textAsai, Tomoko. "Contents, structure, and functions of collagen-derived peptides in human blood after ingestion of collagen hydrolysate and gelatin." Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/253332.
Full text0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第22496号
農博第2400号
新制||農||1076(附属図書館)
学位論文||R2||N5276(農学部図書室)
京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生物科学専攻
(主査)教授 佐藤 健司, 教授 菅原 達也, 准教授 豊原 治彦
学位規則第4条第1項該当
Ravallec, Rozenn. "Valorisation d'hydrolysats d'origine marine : optimisation de la concentration en peptides apparentés aux facteurs de croissance et aux agents sécrétagogues : essais in vitro et in vivo." Brest, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BRES2041.
Full textTauzin, Jérôme. "Biofonctionnalités de peptides issus de caséines αs bovines : Cinétique d'hydrolyse trypsique de la caséine αs2 et activité inhibitrice de l'ECA des peptides." Nancy 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NAN10224.
Full textαS2-Casein is the less studied substrate to obtain bioactive peptides among the major milk proteins. After its purification by ion exchange chromatography followed by hydrophobic interactions chromatography, it was hydrolysed by trypsin and resulting peptides were identified. Their release kinetics revealed three areas having different susceptibility to proteolysis. These data and secondary structure prediction helped to define a hypothetical model of protein organisation in solution. Four tryptic peptides inhibited angiotensin-I converting enzyme (CEI) with IC50 values comprised between 4 and 15 micro M. Their sequences were confronted with others inhibitors to discuss sequence-activity relationships
Lunelli, Taciana. "Reciclagem de resíduos do processamento de tilápia (Oreochromis niloticus) visando obter hidrolisado proteico como coproduto." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11141/tde-14122015-095239/.
Full textThe growth in production and marketing of fish generates a considerable increase in the amount of waste. The scarcity of re-used products and incorrect disposal forms has been a constant concern of industries and researchers who seek solutions for better allocation thereof. Seeking an efficient eco company concept, proposed treatments are leading to obtaining co-products. The production of \"fish meal\" with the residues is the most common use for the waste, but has a low commercial value. The preparation of protein hydrolysates is presented as an alternative with higher added value. The protein cleavage performed by specific enzymes can generate biologically active peptides which exhibit functional and medicinal properties as well as antioxidant activity. The objective of this work was the preparation and characterization of protein hydrolysates of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) , the measurement of antioxidant activity of these and its relation to the size of peptides as a way to obtain and provide co-products , aimed at the sustainability of the chain production of this species. The protein hydrolyzate of tilapia (HPT) was obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis and employing the enzyme Neutrase (Protemax NP- 800), Papain (Brauzyn - 100) and Pepsin at 30, 60 and 120 minutes. The degree of hydrolysis was determined using o- phthaldialdehyde . In the treatment with papain (30 min, 60 min, 120 min) the degree of hydrolysis was higher than that observed with Neutrase enzyme, showing variation of 21.14% to 25.28%. The variation for treatment with pepsin (30 min, 60 min and 120 min) was 10.18% and 14.97% hydrolyzed. All samples showed antioxidant properties through inhibition of free radicals, even at low concentrations hydrolyzate. The 50% inhibition (EC50) of the DPPH radical methodology occurred at concentrations below 3 mg / ml for all treatments, being the lowest concentration 1.36 mg / ml (lot 120 min) and the largest 2.70 mg / ml (Neutrase 30 min). In the ABTS method, higher concentrations were required for 50% inhibition of the radical, but still was less than 5%. The lowest concentration was 3.58 mg / mL (120 pepsin min) and the largest was 4.49 mg / mL (Neutrase 60 min). The size of the peptide chains to most treatments ranged from 1000 to 10000Da chains, whereas treatment with pepsin promoted percentage of peptides of higher molecular weight followed by Neutrase. The papain was the enzyme cleavage that generated more protein and peptides of smaller size, situated in the range from 100 to 1000 Da, which is related to the higher degree of hydrolysis. The properties observed in hydrolysates produced indicate that this is a potential food supplement because of its high protein value for food preservation additives, and applied in the pharmaceutical industry.
Malomo, Sunday. "Structure-function properties of hemp seed proteins and protein-derived acetylcholinesterase-inhibitory peptides." Elsevier, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30736.
Full textOctober 2015
Zhao, Qiuyu. "Etude de peptides bioactifs isolés à partir d'un hydrolysat pepsique d'hémoglobine bovine produit au stade pilote." Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMP0517.
Full textZhao, Qiuyu. "Etude de peptides bioactifs isolés à partir d'un hydrolysat pepsique d'hémoglobine bovine produit au stade pilote." Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMPD517.
Full textPiot, Jean-Marie. "Contribution à l'étude de la production et de la résolution d'un hydrolysat d'hémoglobine bovine : applications." Compiègne, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989COMPDE84.
Full textThis work, presented in publications form, concerns the study of production and resolution of an enzymatic hydrolysate from bovine haemoglobin. The first part describes the batch preparation of a peptic decolorized hydrolysate using either alumina or magnesia. Then a continuous production, at the pilot-plant scale, of a reproductible and decolorized peptic hydrolysate was perfected. Enzymatic hydrolysis of haemoglobin was performed in an ultrafiltration reactor equipped with mineral membranes. The reproductibility of the hydrolysate was demonstrated. The second part of this work concerns the analytical study of the peptidic hydrolysate. Chromatographic methods, first associating low pressure and HPLC, and then using HPLC alone, were performed in order to resolve these complex hydrolysates. These methods allowed us to obtain pure peptides. Mass spectrometry (FAB) and amino acid analysis were then performed in order to characterise and identify any purified peptide. Finally, an application of the hydrolysate, in the area of culture media for research, was presented
Cempel, Nathalie. "Perspective d'application d'un hydrolysat peptidique d'hémoglobine bovine comme photosensibilisateur en photochimiothérapie : préparation, caractérisation et tests biologiques." Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMPD507.
Full textParis, Cédric. "Développement de nouvelles approches analytiques pour le criblage de peptides chélateurs de fer." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0088.
Full textFaced with the growing need for new bioactive compounds of natural origin, by-products from the agro-food industry and the processing of agro-resources constitute a strategic resource to be exploited. In fact, the enzymatic hydrolysis of plant or animal proteins makes it possible to generate a wide variety of peptide sequences with potential biological properties: antihypertensive, antithrombotic, anticancer, opioid, antimicrobial. Despite the bioactive potential of certain peptides, their uncertain presence and their low concentration in a protein hydrolysate (a complex mixture sometimes made up of more than a hundred peptides) limit their purification and use. Also, bioactive peptides could be screened before their purification in order to initiate the separation step only if activity is proven. Antioxidant power is a generic term which groups together various chemical mechanisms such as anti-free radical activity, inhibition of lipid peroxidation, or even metal chelation. By chelating the transition metals naturally present in vivo (iron, copper), the chelating peptides could be used as indirect antioxidants and thus act against oxidative stress. The main objective of this PhD thesis is to develop original methods for high throughput screening of iron-chelating peptides present in protein hydrolysates. Ultimately, these methods could be applied to all types of complex peptide mixtures. The first approach is based on immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC). IMAC is a reference technique for purifying metal-chelating peptides in hydrolysates. Thanks to the specificity of interaction between a given metal – immobilized on the stationary phase IMAC – and determined complexing groups, it is possible to selectively identify the chelators present in complex mixtures. Our objective being to achieve a rapid detection of these molecules of interest, we carried out an on-line coupling with mass spectrometry (MS). The second strategy consists of evaluating the formation of iron-peptide complexes in solution. In this case, all the electron acceptor sites of the metal are accessible (unlike the IMAC technique which presents a potential bias from this point of view) and, on the other hand, the solubilization conditions can simulate the target medium (i.e. the intracellular medium). In addition, the observation of the peptidic form complexed with iron (FeII or FeIII) provides direct and irrefutable proof of the chelating capacity of a peptide. Thus, the identification of a chelating peptide can be carried out by the concomitant detection of its free form (peptide) and of its complexed form (iron-peptide). In this approach, mass spectrometry – thanks to its sensitivity and its specificity - is a technique of choice for carrying out the desired screening. After having been tested on synthetic peptides (pure solutions and mixture), the two protocols were applied to a real protein hydrolysate. The preliminary results are promising and make it possible to envisage, in the short term, the automated screening of various real hydrolysates for the search for iron(II)- and iron(III)-chelating peptides
Suwal, Shyam, and Shyam Suwal. "Fractionation of Peptides from Protein Hydrolysate by Electrodialysis with Filtration Membrane : process optimization, Fouling characterization and Control mechanisms." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26619.
Full textDes peptides bioactifs ont déjà été fractionnés par électrodialyse avec membrane de filtration (ÉDMF) à partir d’hydrolysats de sous-produits de crabe des neiges. L’optimisation des paramètres apparaît maintenant indispensable pour perfectionner le procédé. Ainsi, le taux de migration des peptides, leur sélectivité et l'évolution des paramètres électrodialytiques ont été étudiés pour différents paramètres (configuration, concentration en KCl et types de champ électrique). La configuration (2) de la cellule d’ÉDMF comprenant deux compartiments d'alimentation et un compartiment de récupération a démontré des valeurs de champ électrique local relativement stables par rapport à la configuration (1) constituée d’un compartiment d’alimentation et de deux compartiments de récupération. Des peptides contenant des glutamates, des aspartates, et des glycines ont été séparés avec la configuration 1 et des peptides composés d’arginines et de lysines avec la configuration 2. Un taux de migration peptidique de 13,76 ± 3,64 g/m2h a été obtenu par le maintien constant de la conductivité des solutions. La sélectivité a été accrue en augmentant la concentration en KCl de 1 à 5 g/L dans le compartiment de récupération. Une augmentation de la force ionique a amplifié la charge de surface, agrandissant ainsi la taille effective des pores et réduisant la couche d'hydratation de la membrane d’ultrafiltration. Toutefois, les membranes échangeuses d’anions et de cations ont été colmatées par des peptides et des acides aminés et détériorées pendant l’ÉDMF. Pour résoudre ces problèmes, l’effet de l’application du champ électrique pulsé (PEF) et de l'inversion de polarité (PR) a été étudié. Le taux de migration des peptides n'a pas été affecté sauf avec PR à 40 V. La sélectivité a été maximale avec PEF à 20 V. La dissociation de l'eau a été réduite tout en conservant les propriétés physico-chimiques des membranes grâce à l’application du PEF et de la PR par rapport au courant continu (DC). En outre, la plus faible quantité d'énergie a été consommée avec le PEF. Par conséquent, il a été possible d’optimiser la technologie d’ÉDMF du point de vue de l’efficacité énergétique, de la sélectivité peptidique et de l’encrassement membranaire grâce à l’application du PEF et tout en maintenant la conductivité électrique des solutions.
Bioactive peptides were efficiently separated by using electrodialysis with filtration membrane (EDFM) from snow crab byproduct hydrolysate. Meanwhile, optimization of parameters is indispensable for scaling-up. The peptide migration rate and selectivity as well as evolution of electrodialytic parameters were studied with different parameters such as EDFM cell configuration, KCl concentration and type of electric field. The EDFM stack with two feed and one recovery compartments (configuration 2) has relatively stable electric field strengths (local) than the configuration with one feed and two recovery compartments (configuration 1). Peptides containing anionic amino acids: glutamic and aspartic acid as well as glycine and cationic amino acids: arginine and lysine were fractionated using configuration 1 and 2, respectively. Maintenance of solution conductivity upheld the local electric field and peptide migration throughout the treatment resulting in a higher peptide migration rate of 13.76±3.64 g/m2.h never observed so far. The selectivity of cationic peptides containing arginine and lysine increased significantly with increase in KCl concentration from 1 to 5 g/L. An increase in ionic strength amplified the surface charge density of filtration membrane subsequently increasing effective pore size and reducing hydration layer. However, both anion- and cation-exchange membranes were fouled by peptides and amino acids and were deteriorated during EDFM treatment. To address these problems, the effect of applying pulsed electric field (PEF) and polarity reversal (PR) was studied. The peptide migration rate was unaffected among PEF, PR and DC modes except with PR at 40 V. The selectivity of cationic peptides was maximum with PEF at 20 V. Fouling and water dissociation were significantly reduced and physicochemical properties of IEMs were better-protected with PEF and PR than DC. Moreover, the least amount of energy was consumed with PEF mode. Therefore, the parameters affecting EDFM process were optimized in terms of energy efficiency, selectivity and lower deterioration of membranes by applying PEF regime with configuration 2 and maintaining the constant electrical conductivity of solutions.
Bioactive peptides were efficiently separated by using electrodialysis with filtration membrane (EDFM) from snow crab byproduct hydrolysate. Meanwhile, optimization of parameters is indispensable for scaling-up. The peptide migration rate and selectivity as well as evolution of electrodialytic parameters were studied with different parameters such as EDFM cell configuration, KCl concentration and type of electric field. The EDFM stack with two feed and one recovery compartments (configuration 2) has relatively stable electric field strengths (local) than the configuration with one feed and two recovery compartments (configuration 1). Peptides containing anionic amino acids: glutamic and aspartic acid as well as glycine and cationic amino acids: arginine and lysine were fractionated using configuration 1 and 2, respectively. Maintenance of solution conductivity upheld the local electric field and peptide migration throughout the treatment resulting in a higher peptide migration rate of 13.76±3.64 g/m2.h never observed so far. The selectivity of cationic peptides containing arginine and lysine increased significantly with increase in KCl concentration from 1 to 5 g/L. An increase in ionic strength amplified the surface charge density of filtration membrane subsequently increasing effective pore size and reducing hydration layer. However, both anion- and cation-exchange membranes were fouled by peptides and amino acids and were deteriorated during EDFM treatment. To address these problems, the effect of applying pulsed electric field (PEF) and polarity reversal (PR) was studied. The peptide migration rate was unaffected among PEF, PR and DC modes except with PR at 40 V. The selectivity of cationic peptides was maximum with PEF at 20 V. Fouling and water dissociation were significantly reduced and physicochemical properties of IEMs were better-protected with PEF and PR than DC. Moreover, the least amount of energy was consumed with PEF mode. Therefore, the parameters affecting EDFM process were optimized in terms of energy efficiency, selectivity and lower deterioration of membranes by applying PEF regime with configuration 2 and maintaining the constant electrical conductivity of solutions.
Ticu, Elena-Loredana. "Proteoliza enzimatică dirijată a proteinelor alimentare în scopul obţinerii de peptide cu proprietăţi funcţionale sau biologice." Lille 1, 2006. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/b766d7b6-81c6-4172-8f51-d1111ae35818.
Full textBOUDEY, MOULY MARTINE. "Correction de la carence martiale d'origine ferriprive par un hydrolysat de peptides heminiques - etude chez le rat -." Caen, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CAEN2024.
Full textRAHALI, VERONIQUE. "Hydrolyse chimique et enzymatique de la beta-lactoglobuline : caracterisation de peptides tensioactifs et application aux proprietes moussantes et emulsifiantes des hydrolysats." Nantes, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NANT2074.
Full textFarges-Haddani, Bérangère. "Les peptides de colza : une alternative aux protéines animales dans les procédés de culture de cellules de mammifères ?" Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2005. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_2005_FARGES_HADDANI_B.pdf.
Full textIn order to improve the performances of animal cell culture processes for the production of therapeutic proteins, and to limit the risks of contamination by animal derived molecules, the effects of a supplementation of serum-free and animal-protein free culture media with rapeseed peptidic fractions were performed. Peptide fractions of various compositions were generated by enzymatic hydrolysis on proteic extract and membrane fractionation. These fractions, rich in nitrogen matter, displayed a variable effect on CHO cells, with a strong cell growth promoting effect of a fraction containing peptides with a broad range of size. In fact, this fraction increased the cell growth, prolonged cell survival, increased the specific production of the recombinant protein, and reduced the whole metabolism of carbohydrates. We also showed that tis peptidic fraction was utilized as nutritioinal additives, but also, as survival and/or growth promoting factors. Other additional advantages ot these peptides were highlighted, such as : an easier adaptation of various cell lines to serum-free conditions, a good cryoprotection of cells during the freezing process au good filterability. Indeed, a very simple culture medium was designed, completely free from animal molecules, and stimulating the growth of adherent or suspension cells from different industrial strains, for various culture scales. These results taken together suggest the use of this new particularly interesting peptidic source as an additive in animal cell culture processes
Koumfieg, Noudou Victoire Yolande. "Impact de la concentration en peptides d'un hydrolysat de crabe des neiges sur leur séparation et leur sélectivité en cours d'electrodyalyse avec membrane d'ultrafiltration (EDUF)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27613.
Full textThe importance of functional and nutraceutical products has grown tremendously due to their added value. Their production requires the isolation and concentration of compounds, such as amino acids and bioactive peptides from protein hydrolysates. Therefore, a new separation technique EDUF (electrodialysis with ultrafiltration) was used. To optimize the process, important parameters such as electric field strength, membrane material and molecular weight cut-off, pH, ionic strength and flow rate of the solutions as well as cell configuration have already been studied, except for the initial peptide concentration in the feed solution. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of peptides concentration of snow crab by-product hydrolysate on selectivity and separation rate of anionic and cationic peptides, and on their antimicrobial activity. To assess the impact of peptides concentration, four values of protein concentrations (0.5%; 1%; 2% and 4%) were studied with other parameters (pH, conductivity, potential difference) of the system kept constant. The results showed that increasing the peptides concentration has an effect on separation rate of the peptides. The highest rate was observed at 4% with 291.9 mg/mL and 431.87 mg/mL peptide concentration, respectively for the anionic and cationic compartment. Other results also showed that increasing the initial concentration has no effect on selectivity. The migration rate increased linearly with increasing feed solution concentration while the relative energy consumption decreased with increasing feed solution concentration. The highest migration rates of 16.2 g/m2.h and 7.8 g/m2.h for the cationic and anionic compartments respectively were observed at 4%, with relative energy consumption of 3.53 Wh/g. However, increasing the concentration had no effect on the fouling and membrane integrity. In terms of antimicrobial activity, different fractions (anionic and cationic) and the initial hydrolysate were tested and did not showed antimicrobial activity on Micrococcus luteus.
Robert, Marie. "Développement d'hydrolysats pour l'alimentation des animaux d'aquaculture : caractérisation moléculaire et fonctionnelle." Caen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CAEN2050.
Full textGlobal production of farmed fish and shrimp has grown dramatically over the past decades and now contributes to half of the aquatic products intended for human consumption. Aquaculture is a key sector for the maintenance and improvement of food security worldwide. However, its rapid growth has a significant impact on the environment, particularly on the stocks of wild fish used to produce aqua feed. In this context, aqua feed has dramatically evolved and has been adapted to many economic and environmental constraints. The use of fishmeal has particularly declined in favor of plant protein sources. But plant proteins are less adapted to the nutritional needs of fish and result in lower growth performances. Protein hydrolysates from fishing and aquaculture by-products are ingredients of high nutritional and bioactive potential developed to restore growth performances in high-level plant protein diets. They are rich in hydrolytic peptides and free amino acids, but they are complex mixtures whose composition is not well known. We developed an experimental approach to characterize the peptide fraction of two by-product hydrolysates based on two complementary approaches: a transcriptomics approach aimed at getting transcriptomics data about the targeted by-products, and a peptidomics approach. The peptidomics approach combined the optimization of fractionation steps and two complementary mass spectrometry techniques. Thus we identified more than 1,000 peptides in the two by-product hydrolysates. Furthermore, diet conditioning experiments conducted in sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax, highlighted their interesting nutritional properties to maintain growth performances of farmed fish. Indeed, dietary inclusion of 5\% of these hydrolysates in a high-level plant protein diet (95%) maintained growth performances at similar levels to those obtained with diets containing 80% of plant protein. In addition, we demonstrated an influence of these by-product hydrolysates on the digestive physiology of sea bass, as shown by biomarker expression in the intestinal absorption profiles observed in the study. Finally, our work shows that (i) both hydrolysates possess in vitro antibacterial activity and (ii) tilapia hydrolysate stimulates the immune system of sea bass. These results demonstrate the interest of using these two hydrolysates in aquaculture in addition to or instead of fishmeal
Silva, Abreu Maria Elisa Caetano 1988. "Avaliação do potencial quelante de ferro de hidrolisados protéicos de soro de leite obtidos com diferentes enzimas." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/256408.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
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Resumo: A deficiência de ferro é um dos principais problemas nutricionais no mundo, sendo a suplementação de alimentos com sais de ferro uma importante estratégia para combater essa deficiência. Porém, nessa forma, o mineral apresenta baixa biodisponibilidade e pode causar dor de estômago, diarreia, alterações de sabor e aparência dos produtos. Quelatos ferro-peptídeos têm sido apontados como uma promissora fonte de ferro mais biodisponível e com redução desses efeitos adversos. O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o potencial de quelação de ferro dos peptídeos obtidos da hidrólise enzimática de isolado proteico de soro de leite (IPS) com as enzimas alcalase (HA), pancreatina (HP) ou flavourzyme (HF). Os hidrolisados foram ultrafiltrados (membrana de corte de 5 kDa) e as frações permeada (< 5 kDa) e retida (> 5 kDa) foram liofilizadas. Os hidrolisados e suas frações foram caracterizados quanto ao perfil aminoacídico, perfil de hidrofilicidade por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência em fase reversa (CLAE-FR), perfil de massa molecular (MM) por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência de exclusão molecular (CLAE-EM) e eletroforese SDS-PAGE Tricina. As frações foram avaliadas quanto à sua capacidade quelante de ferro, utilizando-se FeCl2 na proporção 40:1 proteína:Fe, pH 7,0, 25±2 °C/1h sob agitação, seguida de centrifugação. Para avaliação do ferro livre e/ou fracamente ligado aos peptídeos, o pH dos sobrenadantes da reação de quelação foi ajustado para 3,5 e o Fe2+ solúvel foi determinado. Foi selecionado o hidrolisado com maior capacidade quelante (frações HP > 5 kDa e HP < 5 kDa) para o prosseguimento do trabalho. Para avaliação da estabilidade do quelato, essas frações foram submetidas à digestão gástrica in vitro e posterior neutralização (pH 7,0), seguida de centrifugação. Os peptídeos das amostras selecionadas foram isolados por cromatografia de afinidade por íons metálicos imobilizados (IMAC-Fe3+). Os peptídeos com afinidade pelo ferro foram sequenciados por espectrometria de massas (MS/MS). O grau de hidrólise (GH) dos hidrolisados HA, HP e HF foi 16,8%, 16,4% e 9,1%, respectivamente. O perfil eletroforético das frações < 5 kDa não apresentou bandas, enquanto as frações > 5 kDa apresentaram bandas de MM inferior; porém, por CLAE-EM, foi verificado que todas as frações apresentaram peptídeos de MM aparente superior a 5 kDa, sugerindo que nas condições usadas houve formação de agregados. Na reação de quelação, HP > 5 kDa reteve 70,6% do ferro em solução, enquanto as demais frações variaram entre 37,4% e 66,1%. A fração HP > 5 kDa apresentou maior teor de ferro precipitado em pH 3,5 (65,3%), sugerindo maior interação peptídeos-ferro. A mesma amostra, após digestão gástrica, apresentou solubilidade do ferro inicialmente presente entre 57,8 e 59,0% em pH 7,0, sugerindo que a digestão com ou sem pepsina não desfez totalmente o complexo formado. Esse teor foi superior ao obtido com HP < 5 kDa (40,1 a 43,0%), bem como ao ensaio controle com FeCl2 (9,9%). No isolamento de peptídeos por IMAC-Fe3+, verificou-se maior teor de peptídeos com capacidade quelante de ferro na fração HP > 5 kDa (70%) do que na fração HP < 5 kDa (50%). O sequenciamento por MS/MS mostrou, em todos os fragmentos, presença de Glu e/ou Asp, cujos grupos carboxílicos estão entre os principais sítios de ligação com o ferro. Os resultados sugerem que a hidrólise do IPS com pancreatina origina peptídeos com alta capacidade quelante de ferro. Esses peptídeos podem ser usados para obtenção de quelatos Fe2+-peptídeos que, futuramente, sejam aplicados para fortificação de alimentos no intuito de elevar a biodisponibilidade do ferro, além de potencialmente reduzir seus efeitos pró-oxidantes
Abstract: Iron deficiency is one of the major nutritional problems in the world, being the food supplementation with iron salts an important strategy to combat this deficiency. However, in salt form, this mineral has low bioavailability and may lead to stomachache, diarrhea and even cause changes in flavor and appearance of food products. Iron-peptides chelates have been suggested as a promising source of more bioavailable iron, reducing these side effects. This study aimed at evaluating the iron-binding ability of peptides obtained from enzymatic hydrolysis of whey protein isolate (WPI) with alcalase (AH), pancreatin (PH) or flavourzyme (FH). Hydrolysates were ultrafiltered in 5 kDa membrane and permeate (< 5 kDa) and retentate (> 5 KDa) fractions were lyophilized. Hydrolysates and their fractions were characterized by aminoacidic profile, hydrophilicity profile by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), molecular weight (MW) profile by size-exclusion high performance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC) and SDS-PAGE Tricine). Fractions were evaluated by iron-binding ability using FeCl2 (40:1 protein:Fe ratio) at pH 7.0 and 25±2 °C for 1h under stirring, followed by centrifugation. For evaluation of free and/or weakly bound iron, the pH of the supernatant from the chelation reaction was adjusted to 3.5 and soluble Fe2+ was determined. The hydrolysate with higher iron-binding ability was selected (fractions PH > 5 kDa and PH < 5 kDa) for further proceeds. To evaluate the chelate stability, these fractions were subjected to in vitro gastric digestion and further neutralization, followed by centrifugation. The peptides of selected samples were isolated by immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC-Fe3+). The peptides with iron-binding affinity were sequenced by mass spectrometry (MS/MS). The degree of hydrolysis (DH) of hydrolysates AH, PH and FH was 16.8%, 16.4% and 9.1%, respectively. Electrophoretic profile of fractions < 5 kDa did not present any band, while fractions > 5 kDa presented peptides with lower MW. However, by SE-HPLC, it was verified peptides with apparent MW above 5 kDa for all samples, suggesting that, under the conditions studied, there was aggregates formation. In the chelation reaction, PH > 5 kDa retained 70.6% of iron in solution, while other samples ranged from 37.4% to 66.1%. PH > 5kDa showed higher content of precipitated iron in pH 3.5 (65.3%), suggesting greater peptide-iron interaction. After gastric digestion, the same sample showed initial iron solubility ranging from 57.8 and 59.0% in pH 7.0, suggesting that digestion with or without pepsin was not able to completely break the complex formed. This content was higher than that obtained in both PH < 5 kDa (40.1 to 43.0%) and the control assay with FeCl2 (9.9%). IMAC-Fe3+ isolation showed higher content of iron-binding peptides in PH > 5 kDa (70%) than in PH < 5 kDa (50%). The MS/MS sequencing showed Glu and/or Asp in all fragments, which carboxylic groups are among the main iron-binding sites. The results suggest that WPI hydrolysis with pancreatin yields peptides with high iron-binding ability. These peptides may be used for obtaining iron-peptide chelates, which, in future, may be applied in food fortification in order to increase iron bioavailability and potentially reduce its pro-oxidant effects
Mestrado
Nutrição Experimental e Aplicada à Tecnologia de Alimentos
Mestre em Alimentos e Nutrição
Nioi, Claudia. "Extraction et protéolyse de napines de tourteau de colza : influence de l'état structural de la protéine sur la cinétique de protéolyse, la composition et les fonctionnalités des hydrolysats." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0074/document.
Full textThis work aims to study the process of enzymatic proteolysis "controlled" by the initial structural state of the substrate in order to assess its influence on the proteolysis kinetics as well as the physico-chemical properties and associated bioactivity of released peptides. For this study, rapeseed meal napins, known for its antimicrobial activity were used as a substrate. First, a selective extraction and purification process of napines were optimized by an appropriate experimental design. The extraction and purification process initially made at laboratory scale was easily scaled-up. We showed that the operating conditions of these processes would not damage the secondary and tertiary structure of the protein. Moreover, we confirmed an antimicrobial activity of the obtained napins on various microorganisms (Bacillus coagulans and Fusarium langsethiae). In a second step, the study on the influence of the parameters can have an effect on the structure of the protein was performed. The objectives were to see if it was possible to place the protein under conditions of pH and temperature for a progressive breakdown in function of time, and observe any impact on the kinetics of the proteolysis of napines extracted and the nature of the released peptides. The results showed that for a couple of pH / T given the "incubation duration" becomes a key factor for the denaturation of napines. This significantly influences the kinetics of proteolysis, the mechanism of action of the protease, and therefore, the composition of mixtures released. Subsequently, the influence of hydrolysates on the growth of antibody-producing animal cells grown in serum-free medium, and foaming and emulsifying capacity, were evaluated. The initial results showed a major influence of the structural state of the substrate (via the degree of hydrolysis achievable for each of the conditions studied) on such properties. Ultimately, these studies have highlighted not only the potential for increased value of napines rapeseed meal but also, and especially, a key parameter "to control" the process of enzymatic proteolysis for production directed peptides
Poulin, Jean-François. "Étude du fractionnement d'un hydrolysat trypsique de B-lactoglobuline par électrodyalise avec membrane d'ultrafiltration." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18957.
Full textVanhoute, Mathieu. "Étude de l’extraction sélective par des procédés innovants de peptides issus de la protéolyse enzymatique de l’hémoglobine bovine." Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10066/document.
Full textThree innovative processes allowed to extract selectively active peptides from a complex hydrolysate from the pepsic proteolysis of bovine haemoglobin. A first process of biphasic extraction assisted by alkyl-sulfonates allowed to modify the affinity of peptides for the organic phase by the formation of ion-pairs. These studies of conditions of extraction of opioid hydrophobe peptides allowed the implementation of a system of extraction in octan-1-ol supported by a membrane contactor. Secondly, a process of bubbling-draining was developed based on the surface tension properties of the peptides and allowed to split the peptidic population to isolate a fraction showing antibacterial properties. The optimization by experimental design advanced the influence of four major parameters (concentrations of hydrolysate and KCl, pH of solutions of hydrolysate and drainage) and allowed to multiply by 3,4 the enrichment of this fraction in the collected solution. Finally a process recently developed, the electrodialysis associated with ultrafiltration membranes having for only driving strength the difference of electric potential, allowed to isolate a cationic peptidic fraction. The study of the behavior in fouling revealed the existence of phenomena of charge repulsion preventing the isolation of a anionic peptidic fraction and the formation of aggregates haem-peptides fouling in a partially reversible way the ultrafiltration membranes
Jameh, Nawara. "Systeme protéolytique de surface de "streptococcus thermophilus" : variabilité des capacités d'hydrolyse des caséines : caractérisation d'un nouveau système de transport de peptides." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0197/document.
Full textS. thermophilus is a widely used bacterium in the manufacture of dairy products. The capacity of S. thermophilus to generate bioactive peptides from bovine caseins was studied. Ten strains expressing different levels of the cell envelope protease, PrtS, were incubated with [alpha]s1-, [alpha]s2- or [beta]-casein. Number and type of peptides released were strain-dependent. Peptides known as bioactive peptides were detected: 13 peptides were generated from [beta]-casein, 5 peptides from [alpha]s2-casein and 2 peptides from [alpha]s1-casein. The use of this bacterium for the production of such peptides in the food products requires the least internalization of these peptides by this bacterium. We were interested in knowing the peptide transport system present in the species S. thermophilus. A collection of 22 strains of S. thermophilus was chosen to study the genetic variability of peptide transport systems present within the species. First of all, we evaluated the phylogenetic proximity between selected strains by MLST, and then the genetic variability of the transport system of oligopeptides Ami and di- and tripeptides transporter, DtpT were studied in this collection. A cluster consisting of four genes, annotated as ABC transporter of peptides and nickel was detected in the genome of strain LMD-9, and called Ots. It is present in 9 of 22 strains of S. thermophilus and is transcribed throughout the growth in M17 medium. The Ots system seems to be involved in the internalization of smaller sized peptides
Henaux, Loïc. "Fractionnement d’un hydrolysat de protéines de saumon par électrodialyse avec empilement de membranes d’ultrafiltration afin de concentrer, isoler et identifier des peptides glucorégulateurs." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66671.
Full textType 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a complex multifactorial disorder of glucose homeostasis. This disease has a genetic basis but is mainly caused by socio-environmental behaviours, such as overeating and a lack of physical activity. Despite dietary measures and medical treatments used to prevent and treat the disease, T2D continues to progress. The identification and production of bioactive peptides from natural sources offer an interesting alternative to synthetic drugs, whose concerns about side effects are constantly increasing. Thus, because of their abundance and richness in bioactive molecules, fish processing co-products offer an almost inexhaustible source of bioactive peptides. Indeed, in previous studies, cod and salmon proteins have been shown to improve cardio-metabolic health in in vivo studies, and to improve muscle glucose uptake, decrease hepatic glucose production, and inflammation. In addition, with a growing number of people to feed, the processing industry is at its height, and waste continues to accumulate. Nevertheless, in order to exert their bioactive effect, it is necessary to release these bioactive peptides from native proteins. Subsequently, one or more separation, using for example electrodialysis with ultrafiltration membranes, are needed to concentrate these peptides and generate bioactive fractions. Indeed, it was previously demonstrated the effectiveness of electrodialysis with ultrafiltration membranes to generate bioactive fractions, from complex matrices, able to improve the glucose uptake in vitro, from soy and salmon protein hydrolysates. In this context, the main objective of this thesis was to concentrate and identify bioactive peptides, by fractionating a protein hydrolysate from a salmon co-product, by electrodialysis with ultrafiltration membranes, and to study the impact of these fractions and peptides on T2D. In the first study, results demonstrated that a triple size selective separation by EDUF allowed to generate peptide fractions with different physicochemical properties (charge and mass). Moreover, it was demonstrated that such a separation allowed to modulate the in vitro response of the fractions for glucose metabolism. Indeed, from a single EDUF separation, cationic peptides with higher molecular weights were concentrated and demonstrated to enhance their glucose uptake capacity. Whereas, cationic peptides with lower molecular weights have decreased the glucose uptake capacity. In addition, analyses by mass spectrometry of the vi fractions allowed to characterize (retention time and charge) 17 cationic peptides and 21 anionic peptides, potentially responsible for the bioactive effect of the fractions. In a second study, a second EDUF fractionation, using as feed solution the final fractions recovered during the previous separation was performed. The selectivity of the process was confirmed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses. Moreover, in vitro study of the bioactivities (glucose uptake, hepatic glucose production and inflammation) effect of these fractions, led to the identification of two very promising fractions, demonstrating a simultaneous effect on all three bioactivities tested. In addition, the tandem mass spectrometry analysis of these fractions allowed the sequence identification of 24 anionic peptides, potentially responsible for these bioactive effects. Finally, in a third study, based on the analysis of the spectra obtained by tandem mass spectrometry, 13 peptides were selected and synthesized, then individually tested for their ability to increase glucose uptake in muscle cells, to reduce glucose production by hepatic cells, and to decrease the inflammatory response of macrophages. Thus, for the first time, four new peptides identified from salmon by-products, demonstrated in vitro glucoregulatory properties.
Nedjaoum, Fouzia. "Mise au point à partir de l'hémoglobine d'un procédé de préparation de complexes hème-peptides à destination d'une application diététique." Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2003/50376-2003-235.pdf.
Full textDurand, Rachel. "Valorisation d'hydrolysat de poisson pour la santé humaine : séparation des composés bioactifs par électrodialyse avec membranes d'ultrafiltration et évaluation de leurs activités biologiques impliquées dans le développement du syndrome métabolique." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66672.
Full textFish by-product valorization is an economic and environmental issue. For several years, scientific researches have shown that fish by-products contained active molecules for human health, as polyunsaturated fatty acids and peptides. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the potential use of herring milt hydrolysates for human health, especially by evaluating their potential actions in physiological parameters involved in the metabolic syndrome and the effect of their separation by electrodialysis with ultrafiltration membrane (EDUF) for the production of bioactive fractions. First, we have demonstrated that the supplementation of three different herring milt hydrolysates in a high fat high sucrose diet in mice was able to modulate some physiological functions involved in the metabolic syndrome: improvement of glucose tolerance, increase of the total energy intake and protection against the Lactobacillus disappearance in the gut microbiota. Moreover, the hydrolysates decreased the inflammation induction in macrophages stimulated with LPS at 1ng/ml and 100pg/ml. Secondly, we have evaluated the separation of two herring milt hydrolysates by EDUF: the first one was more complex with a mix of different molecules (lipids, nucleic acids and peptides) while the second one was mainly composed of peptides. A new configuration using four ultrafiltration membranes (two of 50kDa and two of 20kDa) allowed a simultaneous double separation of anionic and cationic compounds. It has been shown that only charged peptides and free amino acids were fractionated in EDUF, while the lipids and nucleic acids didn’t migrate to the recovery fractions. Moreover, the use of membranes with different cut-off allowed a separation of the hydrolysates in different molecular weight ranges. Indeed, the use of 20kDa membranes allowed the concentration of peptides with small molecular weights (<800Da) and free amino acids, while the recovery fractions obtained with the 50kDa membranes were composed oh peptide with higher molecular weights.Thirdly, the potential bioactivities of the recovery fractions and the herring milthydrolysates were evaluated in vitro. Hence, the separation of the first hydrolysate allowed the production of a final fraction increasing the glucose uptake and an antioxidant anionicfraction. While the separation of the second hydrolysate allowed the production of two antiinflammatory cationic fractions as well as the identification of two bioactive peptides sequences. All these results showed that milt herring hydrolysate contained bioactive compounds such as polyunsaturated fatty acids and peptides, improving some physiological functions involved in the MetS and may decrease its occurrence. More over, the separation of the hydrolysates by EDUF allowed the production of bioactive fractions and the identification of two new anti-inflammatory peptide sequences. This work demonstrated the existence of a beneficial effect of herring milt hydrolysate and its fractions for the human health, allowing a better valorization of this by-product of the food industry for the health sector.
Dubois, Véronique. "Préparation de peptides antimicrobiens à partir de l'hydrolyse enzymatique de deux protéines : l'hémoglobine bovine et l'α-lactalbumine bovine." Lille 1, 2006. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/5e3ef719-2eae-45e3-8aa5-e9c719abc31b.
Full textKobbi, Sabrine. "Purification de la RuBisCO à partir de la Luzerne, hydrolyse enzymatique, identification, structure-fonction des peptides bioactifs et leur valorisation dans des produits alimentaires." Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10201.
Full textAlfalfa is an excellent source of protein. However, RuBisCO proteins showed most interest. Indeed, this protein has been labelled the most abundant on earth; it constitutes about 65% (w/w) of soluble leaf protein of Alfalfa. In this work, a new method was introduced for the purification of RuBisCO from alfalfa powder 10% (w /v), using two different solvents and pH effect. In a first step, the performance of the proposed RuBisCO recovery method was evaluated through qualitative and quantitative analysis and the results obtained showed that this new method could replace some conventional industrial processes. In a second step, enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out on the purified RuBisCO, which resulted in a large bioactive peptide population. The final peptides after 24h of hydrolysis showed better antibacterial or antioxidant activity compared to the other peptide hydrolysates. Nine new antibacterial peptides have been identified and characterized by MS and have a MIC of 2-6 mM against four species of bacteria: B subtilis, E coli, L innocua and M luteus. In addition, antioxidants peptide fractions were identified in this work, their antioxidant activity was evaluated by various in vitro and in vivo tests on oil of Colza. Finally, the addition of peptide RDRFL derived from the peptic hydrolysis of RuBisCO has a positive effect on the prolongation of the shelf life of minced meat and of tomato puree
Adje, Estelle Yaba. "Hydrolyse ménagée de l’hémoglobine bovine par la pepsine porcine en mélanges hydroalcooliques et obtention d’une nouvelle famille de peptides antimicrobiens." Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10103/document.
Full textIn view of the emergence of resistant bacteria, hydrolysis of bovine hemoglobin by pepsin can be considered as an important way for the obtaining of antimicrobial peptides. Known alcohols as structural solvents were used to lead to a limited hydrolysis of bovine hemoglobin. Methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, or trifluoroethanol were used in order to preserve or induce further structural changes of hemoglobin. Peptic hydrolysis of hemoglobin in hydroalcoholic solution has permitted to obtain less complex hydrolysate mainly composed of intermediate antimicrobial peptides. Structural changes of proteins were investigated using spectroscopic methods, such as, UV-visible spectophotometry, fluorescence spectroscopy and circular dichroïsm. Use of 10% TFE was allowed to less complex hydrolysate, containing intermediate hydrophobic peptides. Neverless, concentration of these peptides was low. Use of 40% methanol, 30% ethanol, 20% propanol or 10% butanol has improved this concentration. These alcohols have induced and increased more specific activity of pepsin, located preferentially in C-terminal position of leucine. They have also made available the hydrophobic core of hemoglobin allowing to a new peptide family: 67-106 α family. This family showed antimicrobial activity against four bacterial strains (MIC: 35.2-187.1 μM) and displayed at the same time ACE inhibitory activity (IC50: 42.55-1095 μM)
Raveschot, Cyril. "Recherche d’ingrédients actifs, issus de Lactobacilles, utilisables pour la prévention de l’ostéoporose." Thesis, Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1R064.
Full textLactobacilli are bacteria of major interest for health applications. These species are able to produce different active biomolecules by fermentation or exert a probiotic action. Thus, Lactobacilli represent a source of different ingredients which could be used for various health purposes. The objective of the present research is to study the potential of different lactobacilli to be use as ingredients dedicated to osteoporosis prevention. This work is based on a collection of 170 Lactobacillus strains isolated from dairy products in Mongolia. Two different strategies were undertaken: the use of lactobacilli as probiotics or the production of bioactive peptides by fermentation of milk proteins. A screening based on some probiotic characteristics allowed to select Lactobacillus strains which were studied for their capacity to modulate the intestinal calcium absorption. In the same way, screenings were used to select strains with important proteolytic abilities. Particularly, an original screening strategy, based on a multiparametric analysis of proteolysis occurring in milk was developed in this study. Milk protein hydrolysates were produced using the selected strains by batch fermentation of milk in bioreactor. The resulting products were then studied for different biological activity linked to bone health like angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition or modulation of intestinal calcium absorption. By these results, an integrated continuous process, using a membrane bioreactor, was developed to produce an active ingredient by fermentation. This work highlights the potential health applications of some lactobacilli
Cruz, Juliana Nunes da. "Hidrolisado proteico da semente de cupuaçu como fonte de peptídeos inibidores da enzima conversora da angiotensina I." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9131/tde-29042015-100916/.
Full textPeptides with angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity may be obtained from several foods and cause antihypertensive effect. Cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum S.), a native fruit from Amazon, has edible seeds with a storage protein similar to that of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) which seems to have incrypted ACE inhibitor peptides. Thus, the aim of this project was to investigate the in vitro formation of ACE inhibitory peptides in protein hydrolysate from cupuassu seeds using Alcalase enzyme. The hydrolysate revealed the disappearance of proteins between 27 and 181 kDa after 2h hydrolysis, including the globulin, and the increase of those below 15 kDa, indicating the formation of peptides. The ACE inhibitory activity assays using the substrate Abz-FRK(Dnp)P-OH revealed the hydrolysate had 65% ACE inhibition and the pool of peptides was fractionated into five fractions (F1-F5) by reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). After the purification step, two fractions (3.2.8 e 3.4.10) exhibited the highest ACE-inhibitory activity. Eight peptides had been identified by LC-MS/MS and three of them were ACE inhibitors. The other newly identified peptides (FLEK, GSGKHVSP, LDNK, MVVDKLF and MEKHS) were synthesized and in vitro assayed for ACE inhibitory activity. The peptide GSGKHVSP had the lower IC50 (3.11 µM) and Ki (0.74 µM). Lineweaver-Burk plots suggest this peptide is a mixed-type inhibitor according to the inhibition mechanism. The results indicate that protein isolate from cupuassu seeds may be a good protein source of antihypertensive peptides and further investigation is needed in order to evaluate the resistance of these peptides to gastrointestinal digestion and the inhibitory activity in vivo.
Leconte, Danielle. "Contribution à l'étude de la valorisation du cruor des abattoirs : application de l'ultrafiltration à la préparation d'hydrolysats peptidiques à partir de l'hémoglobine bovine." Compiègne, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989COMPD159.
Full textLigné, Thierry. "Production par voie enzymatique et caractérisation d'oligopeptides : application à l'hydrolyse de protéines végétales pour l'obtention d'un produit d'intérêt nutritionnel pour l'alimentation animale." Compiègne, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998COMP1119.
Full textHSIEH, HUI-SHU, and 謝慧淑. "Preparation of peptide-Calcium complexes with hydrolysates of Perch(Lates calcarifer) scale." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98533053322040456677.
Full text國立高雄海洋科技大學
水產食品科學研究所
105
The objective of present work is to study the process conditions for preparing peptidechelated calciumcomplexes (Peptide-Ca)from collagen peptide of perch scale. Collagen peptides were first obtained from perch scale treated with alcalase plus flavourzyme at 50 oC, pH 7.5 for 2 hrs.The optimal conditions for preparing Peptide-Cawere listed as follows: reaction temperature 50 oC at pH 7.5 for 2 hrs.; ratio of peptide to calcium chloride, 2: 1 and calcium chelating activity was 68.4 ± 0.41%. The obtained Peptide-Ca showed good resistance to the treatment of artificial digestive fluid.Methanol and ethanol showed good extraction efficiency in the purification of Peptide-Ca. Main chemical bond inPeptide-Ca was found to be COO− and calcium ion which was identified by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR). Among the amino acids of scale collagen pepdide, proline showed the highest efficiency in chelating calcium ion, followed by glycine and hydroxyproline. Hdrolysates from perch scale, tilapia scale and horseshoe shell, all showed good calcium ion chelating activity, the highest was that from horseshoe shell, followed by perch scale and tilapia scale. Moreover,hydrolysates of perch scale also exhibited other metal ion chelating activity, the highest one was Zn2+, followed by Fe2+, Ca2+, and Cr3+, Mg2+.
Chen, Hong-Chung, and 陳鴻鈞. "Functional properties of roe protein and purification of anti-radical peptide from its hydrolysates." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79907358293215741750.
Full text國立高雄海洋科技大學
水產食品科學研究所
101
In this study, the functional properties and bioactive activity of defatted roe protein (RP) and roe protein hydrolysated (RH) were investigated. The functional properties of RP were studies including water absorption capacity, fat absorption capacity, emulsification ability, foaming ability, solubility, buffering capacity and moisture sprption isotherm. The protein and peptide contents of RH were determined. The sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis were used to estimate molecular weight distribution of the RH. Moreover, antioxidant activies of RH were evaluated, such as radical scavenging activies and protective effect of DNA oxidative damage. The storage experiment indicated that the moisture of RP is 5% when the relative humidity of storage condition is 80%. The result of buffering capacity experiments showed that RP at pH 2 and pH 12 exhibit better buffering effect. In addition, RP has the lowest solubility in pH4. The SDS-PAGE showed that the main molecular weight of RP ranged from 97, 30 to 17 kDa. The main molecular weight of RH is smaller and HPLC chromatogram showed that its major molecular weight ranges from 6511 to 204 Da. RH-A5 (5 hr hydrolysis) displayed highest activity in both of hydroxyl radical scavenging and protective effect of DNA oxidative damage. RH-A5 was further purified by using anion exchange and gel filtration chromatography (G-25) and a fraction, zone Ⅱ, exhibited the strongest anti-free radical activity. The zoneⅡwas then analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography of (C18 preparative column) and a purified peptide with excellent anti-radical activity was obtained. Its amino acid sequence and molecular weight were studied.
Lin, Tzyy-Ching, and 林子青. "Inhibition of Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme and Purification of peptide from Hot Water Extract and Protein Hydrolysates of Shellfish." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65383294257606343101.
Full text國立臺灣海洋大學
食品科學系
92
Abstract 1.The muscle of golden freshwater clam was extracted using hot water. The residual muscle was freeze dried then hydrolyzed by Protease N (PN) or Protamex (PX) as primary hydrolysis followed by a secondary hydrolysis (Flavourzyme, F) at 50℃. The effects of hot water extracts and hydrolysates on inhibitory activity against angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) were investigated. The soluble protein and peptide content of hot water extracts was 85 and 84 mg/g, repectively. The IC50 on ACE was 1.95 mg/ml. The highest value in soluble protein (635 mg/g) and peptide content (348 mg/g) of hydrolysate were obtained from PN hydrolysis for 2 hr or PN hydrolysis for 5 hr followed by F hydrolysis for 0.5 hr, respectively. However, the lowest IC50 of hydrolysate on ACE (0.043 mg/ml) was obtained by PX hydrolysis for 5 hr (PX5). The kinetics of the hydrolysate on ACE-inhibition indicated that PX5 and Captopril produced mixed inhibition and competitive inhibition, respectively. Their Ki values were 0.032 mg/ml and 0.0067 μg/ml, repectively. The hydrolysate of PX5 was fractionated by gel permeation chromatography with Sephadex G-25. The fraction D with molecular weight 420-380 Da showed the highest inhibitory efficiency ratio being 1314.7 %/mg/ml. The amino acid sequences of PX5 main peak of D1 and D2 were Val-Lys-Pro and Val-Lys-Lys, respectively. 2.The muscle of oyster was extracted using hot water. The residual muscle was freeze dried then hydrolyzed by Protease N (PN) or Protamex (PX) as primary hydrolysis followed by a secondary hydrolysis (Flavourzyme, F) at 50℃. The effects of hot water extracts and hydrolysate on inhibitory activity against angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) was investigated. The soluble protein and peptide content of hot water extracts was 244 and 238 mg/g, repectively. The IC50 of ACE was 0.95 mg/ml. The highest value in soluble protein (438 mg/g) and peptide content (474 mg/g) of hydrolysate were obtained from PN hydrolysis for 2 hr or PN hydrolysis for 5 hr followed by F hydrolysis for 0.5 hr, respectively. However, the lowest IC50 of hydrolysate on ACE (0.16 mg/ml) was obtained by PX hydrolysis for 2 hr followed by F hydrolysis for 0.5 hr (PX2F0.5). No bitterness was obtained by PX hydrolysis for 5 hr followed by F hydrolysis for 0.5 hr (PX5F0.5). The hydrolysate of PX5F0.5 was fractionated by gel permeation chromatography with Sephadex G-25. The fraction C with molecular weight 450-390 Da showed the highest inhibitory efficiency ratio being 364.6 %/mg/m. Oyster hydrolysate (PX5F0.5) was orally administrated to spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). After 8 weeks oral administration of hydrolysate, the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure of SHR were significantly reduced by 18.6 and 19.6 mmHg, respectively.
Lagace, Melissa. "Effect of α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin hydrolysates on markers of metabolic syndrome." 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/8617.
Full textZheng, Shi-Ting, and 鄭詩亭. "Studies on the antioxidant properties of protein hydrolysates and the purification of copper-ion chelating peptide from tilapia (Oreochromis nilotica × O. aureus) head." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ec9afv.
Full text國立高雄海洋科技大學
水產食品科學研究所
100
Tilapia (Oreochromis nilotica (♀) × O. aureus (♂)) is one of the most important aquaculture fish in Taiwan. The annual production was 70,000 to 80,000 tonnes. Tilapia is mainly provided to the processing of frozen fillet for exportation. During the processing, the by-products including head, skin, scale, bone and visceral are accounted for 58% of the original material, while fish head is accounted for 13.3%. In order to utilize these by-products into more profitable and marketable products, the aim of this study was to extract protein hydrolysate from tilapia head (THPH) with an autoclave at 121℃ for 30 to 150 min, and then the THPH obtained was treated further with alcalase. Both of them were provided to survey their molecular weight distribution, antioxidant properties (including scavenging effect of DPPH radical, reducing power, ferrous-ion and copper-ion chelating activities), and inhibition activity on angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE). Moreover, the peptide of copper-ion chelating was isolated by ultrafiltration, gel filtration, and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography, and then identified the sequence of amino acids. Tilapia head protein hydrolysate (THPH) was extracted with an autoclave at 121℃ for 30 to 150 min. The yield of THPH increased from 39.3% to 46.8% as well as the degree of hydrolysis increased from 77.1% to 81.9% with increasing retorting time. The SDS-PAGE patterns showed that the molecular weight of THPH were decreased with prolonged retorting time. The molecular weight of THPH was distributed mainly in the range of 6,511~20,000 Da by using gel filtration with a Superdex peptide® 10/300 column. The THPH sample was prepared to an assay concentration of 6 mg/mL and evaluated for its antioxidant activities. The results that THPH retorted at 121°C for 120 min (THPH-120) showed an better antioxidant effect on 56.9% of scavenging activity of DPPH, 0.430 (OD700) of reducing power, 78.2% and 69.7% of ferrous-ion and copper-ion chelating activities. THPH-120 displayed an ACE inhibitory activity, and the IC50 value was 1.40 mg/mL. However, there are no obvious alterations of antioxidant activities and ACE inhibitory activity when retorting time prolonged to 150 min. Further THPH-120 was hydrolyzed with alcalase (ETHPH) for 30~90 min respectively, and its antioxidant activities and ACE inhibitory activity were evaluated. The ferrous-ion chelating activity of ETHPH was decreased significantly, 53.8~58.1%. Nevertheless the copper-ion chelating activity of ETHPH was increased, 85.4~86.2%. There are no obvious alterations of scavenging activity of DPPH and reducing power when THPH-120 hydrolyzed with alcalase (ETHPH). On the other hand, the THPH-120 hydrolyzed with alcalase for 30~90 min, and the ACE inhibitory activity was enhanced. When alcalase hydrolysis time arrived 90 min, the IC50 value was 0.50 mg/mL. The ETHPH-30 was provided to isolate the peptide of copper-ion chelating with ultrafiltration, Sephadex G-25 column, Superdex peptide column, and reverse-phase ODS-2 C18 column, and its amino acids sequence was identified as Pro-Leu-Arg-Gly-Gly, molecular weight was 498.2 Da. The ETHPH-30 was then conducted for digestion with gastrointestinal protease in vitro, the result showed that ETHPH-30 maintained the activity of copper-ion chelating effectively after digestion with gastrointestinal protease.