Relevant bibliographies by topics / Peptide

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Peptide'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 26 October 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Peptide"

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Zhang, Yuqi, and Michel F. Sanner. "AutoDock CrankPep: combining folding and docking to predict protein–peptide complexes." Bioinformatics 35, no. 24 (June 4, 2019): 5121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btz459.

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Abstract Motivation Protein–peptide interactions mediate a wide variety of cellular and biological functions. Methods for predicting these interactions have garnered a lot of interest over the past few years, as witnessed by the rapidly growing number of peptide-based therapeutic molecules currently in clinical trials. The size and flexibility of peptides has shown to be challenging for existing automated docking software programs. Results Here we present AutoDock CrankPep or ADCP in short, a novel approach to dock flexible peptides into rigid receptors. ADCP folds a peptide in the potential field created by the protein to predict the protein–peptide complex. We show that it outperforms leading peptide docking methods on two protein–peptide datasets commonly used for benchmarking docking methods: LEADS-PEP and peptiDB, comprised of peptides with up to 15 amino acids in length. Beyond these datasets, ADCP reliably docked a set of protein–peptide complexes containing peptides ranging in lengths from 16 to 20 amino acids. The robust performance of ADCP on these longer peptides enables accurate modeling of peptide-mediated protein–protein interactions and interactions with disordered proteins. Availability and implementation ADCP is distributed under the LGPL 2.0 open source license and is available at http://adcp.scripps.edu. The source code is available at https://github.com/ccsb-scripps/ADCP. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Blaszczyk, Maciej, Maciej Pawel Ciemny, Andrzej Kolinski, Mateusz Kurcinski, and Sebastian Kmiecik. "Protein–peptide docking using CABS-dock and contact information." Briefings in Bioinformatics 20, no. 6 (September 20, 2018): 2299–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bib/bby080.

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Abstract CABS-dock is a computational method for protein–peptide molecular docking that does not require predefinition of the binding site. The peptide is treated as fully flexible, while the protein backbone undergoes small fluctuations and, optionally, large-scale rearrangements. Here, we present a specific CABS-dock protocol that enhances the docking procedure using fragmentary information about protein–peptide contacts. The contact information is used to narrow down the search for the binding peptide pose to the proximity of the binding site. We used information on a single-chosen and randomly chosen native protein–peptide contact to validate the protocol on the peptiDB benchmark. The contact information significantly improved CABS-dock performance. The protocol has been made available as a new feature of the CABS-dock web server (at http://biocomp.chem.uw.edu.pl/CABSdock/). Short abstract CABS-dock is a tool for flexible docking of peptides to proteins. In this article, we present a protocol for CABS-dock docking driven by information about protein–peptide contact(s). Using information on individual protein–peptide contacts allows to improve the accuracy of CABS-dock docking.
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Chan, Kiat Hwa, Jaehong Lim, Joo Eun Jee, Jia Hui Aw, and Su Seong Lee. "Peptide–Peptide Co-Assembly: A Design Strategy for Functional Detection of C-peptide, A Biomarker of Diabetic Neuropathy." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 24 (December 18, 2020): 9671. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21249671.

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Diabetes-related neuropathy is a debilitating condition that may be averted if it can be detected early. One possible way this can be achieved at low cost is to utilise peptides to detect C-peptide, a biomarker of diabetic neuropathy. This depends on peptide-peptide co-assembly, which is currently in a nascent stage of intense study. Instead, we propose a bead-based triple-overlay combinatorial strategy that can preserve inter-residue information during the screening process for a suitable complementary peptide to co-assemble with C-peptide. The screening process commenced with a pentapeptide general library, which revealed histidine to be an essential residue. Further screening with seven tetrapeptide focused libraries led to a table of self-consistent peptide sequences that included tryptophan and lysine at high frequencies. Three complementary nonapeptides (9mer com-peptides), wpkkhfwgq (Trp-D), kwkkhfwgq (Lys-D), and KWKKHFWGQ (Lys-L) (as a negative control) were picked from this table for co-assembly studies with C-peptide. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopies were utilized to study inter-peptide interactions and changes in secondary structures respectively. ATR-FTIR studies showed that there is indeed inter-peptide interaction between C-peptide and the tryptophan residues of the 9mer com-peptides. CD studies of unaggregated and colloidal C-peptide with the 9mer com-peptides suggest that the extent of co-assembly of C-peptide with Trp-D is greatest, followed by Lys-D and Lys-L. These results are promising and indicate that the presented strategy is viable for designing and evaluating longer complementary peptides, as well as complementary peptides for co-assembly with other polypeptides of interest and importance. We discuss the possibility of designing complementary peptides to inhibit toxic amyloidosis with this approach.
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Raymond, Danielle M., and Bradley L. Nilsson. "Multicomponent peptide assemblies." Chemical Society Reviews 47, no. 10 (2018): 3659–720. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cs00115d.

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This review presents recent efforts in the development of multicomponent supramolecular peptide assemblies with a focus on multicomponent assemblies derived from β-sheet peptides, low molecular weight peptides, peptide amphiphiles, coiled coil peptides, collagen, and related systems.
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Anusha, G., and M. Monisha. "Molecular modeling and screening of antiviral peptides for Influenza A virus Polymerase basic protein 2(PB2) protein using Hpepdock software for the therapy of Influenza A." CARDIOMETRY, no. 25 (February 14, 2023): 1693–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2022.25.16931701.

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Aim: To determine the binding affinity (kcal/mol) for various antiviral peptides to target Influenza A virus PB2 protein using Hpepdock software and comparison with the Macrocyclic iHA100 peptide (Reference peptide). Materials and methods: The three-dimensional (3D) coordinates for PB2 protein were retrieved from Protein Data Bank (PDB ID 4P1U). The structures of 16 antiviral peptides were modeled using HPEPDOCK. The Molecular docking analysis of PB2 protein with derived antiviral peptides was performed using Hpepdock software. This software employs an algorithm that generates the output complexes based on the peptide conformations and orientations. Results: Molecular docking analysis revealed that antiviral peptides, P9R Peptide 2, P9R Peptide 3 and P9R Peptide 1, could bind PB2 protein with higher affinity in comparison with the reference Macrocyclic iHA-100 peptide. The antiviral peptides of P9R Peptide 2, P9R Peptide 3 and P9R Peptide 1 with p=0.786, p>0.05 insignificant (-202.728Kcal/mol), p=0.001, p<0.05 significant (-198.255 Kcal/mol), p=0.259, p>0.05 insignificant (-195,788 Kcal/mol) showed better results in comparison to reference Macrocyclic iHA-100 peptide (-154.392 Kcal/ mol). Conclusion: The identified antiviral peptides could more effectively inhibit PB2 protein than the other available peptides on the market to treat Influenza A viral disease.
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JACKSON, I. M. D. "Peptide Biology: Regulatory Peptides." Science 246, no. 4928 (October 20, 1989): 389–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.246.4928.389-a.

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Erak, Miloš, Kathrin Bellmann-Sickert, Sylvia Els-Heindl, and Annette G. Beck-Sickinger. "Peptide chemistry toolbox – Transforming natural peptides into peptide therapeutics." Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry 26, no. 10 (June 2018): 2759–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2018.01.012.

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Ojcius, D. M., J. P. Abastado, A. Casrouge, E. Mottez, L. Cabanie, and P. Kourilsky. "Dissociation of the peptide-MHC class I complex limits the binding rate of exogenous peptide." Journal of Immunology 151, no. 11 (December 1, 1993): 6020–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.151.11.6020.

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Abstract Soluble, single-chain molecules for two MHC class I alleles, H-2Kd and H-2Kb, were used to analyze the kinetics of antigenic peptide binding to MHC. After MHC preloading with radiolabeled or fluorescent peptides, the observed rate of MHC-peptide complex dissociation increased after addition of an excess of unlabeled competitor peptide. Although exogenous peptides conforming to the allele-specific motif were required for the enhanced complex dissociation to occur, the dissociation rate of the complex was independent of exogenous peptide concentration. Similarly, the association rate of exogenous peptides was independent of concentration, reflecting the presence of low affinity peptides in the binding sites of the recombinant MHC proteins; the sequences of these endogenous peptides conform to the consensus motif for the MHC allele studied. Finally, the association rate of exogenous peptide decreased when MHC molecules were preloaded with high affinity peptides, and the binding of labeled high affinity peptide to isolated recombinant MHC was faster than the subsequent dissociation observed in the presence of competitor peptide. Taken together, these results imply that the rate of exogenous peptide binding is limited by the dissociation rate of the previously bound peptides.
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El-Sayed Amr, Abd El-Galil, Mohamed Abo-Ghalia, and Mohamed M. Abdalah. "Synthesis of Novel Macrocyclic Peptido-calix[4]arenes and Peptidopyridines as Precursors for Potential Molecular Metallacages, Chemosensors and Biologically Active Candidates." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 61, no. 11 (November 1, 2006): 1335–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2006-1104.

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Novel macrocyclic dipicolinic acid acylated peptides based on upper rim bridged peptidocalix[ 4]arenes, peptido-pyridines or hybrid structures of both, were synthesized as potential molecular metallacages and chemosensors. While conventional azide or mixed anhydride (ethyl chloroformate) peptide couplings served well for assembling the L-tyrosine or L-ornithine peptide backbones, the acid chloride of pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid (dipicolinic acid) acid served as the complementary acylating agent. The structure assignment of the new compounds was based on chemical and spectroscopic evidences. Some of these compounds exhibit antimicrobial activities.
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Negroni, Maria, and Lawrence Stern. "Unexpected side reaction of lysine and arginine side chains preceding a photocleavable group in MHC-II UV-cleavable peptides. (P5028)." Journal of Immunology 190, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2013): 41.15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.190.supp.41.15.

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Abstract MHC class II molecules (MHCII) present peptides to CD4+ T cells, and HLA-DM (DM) catalyzes peptide exchange favoring binding of high affinity peptides. The effects of DM on peptide association and dissociation kinetics are not yet clear. In the absence of peptide, DR1 (a MHCII) is in equilibrium between inactive and active conformations. In order to understand the kinetics of this process and how it is affected by DM, we wanted to generate DR1 in the active conformation using a peptide carrying the photocleavable 3-amino-3-(2-nitrophenyl)-propionic acid residue, an approach previously used for other MHCI and MHCII-binding peptides. We used well-characterized variants of a peptide derived from influenza hemagglutinin (HA). The variants bind to DR1 with an affinity similar to the parent HA peptide. Surprisingly, photolysis of peptides did not result in peptide release. Mass spectrometry showed that the main photoproduct had a mass decrease of 2Da, resulting from photocleavage followed by unexpected religation to a rearranged peptide that can still bind DR1. Replacement of peptide lysine (or arginine) residues by methionine yielded the expected cleavage products. The methionine substituted peptides can be used for further studies on DR1-peptide binding kinetics and the effect of DM on the different rates of the reaction. These studies provide a caveat to routine use of photocleavable peptides in MHC-peptide exchange studies.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Peptide"

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Zhang, Zhiwen. "Towards peptide-binding peptides." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3037037.

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Howells, A. "Studies on peptides and peptide mimetics." Thesis, Swansea University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.637318.

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Part 1: Development of a racemisation free process of attaching the first amino acid to a solid resin support for peptide synthesis. To overcome the high degree of racemisation of the amino acid in this process, we have explored a new kind of method of attaching this first amino acid to a resin. This approach involves activating the alcohol of the polyamide resin, instead of activating the amino acid. To test this theory we used benzyl alcohol as a model for the resin, and activated the alcohol with diisopropylcarbodiimide to form an O-isourea derivative. A detailed kinetic study was carried out to establish the rate of reaction with different benzyl alcohols, which proved that solution phase formation of the benzyl esters was successful. We were unable to attach the first amino acid to the resin support, which we believe is due to the reagents being unable to interact with the alcohol sites which are inside the bead of the resin. Part 2: Development of a novel peptidomimetic constraint. Current interest in the development of β-turn stabilising constraints for biologically active peptide motifs led us to synthesise a novel peptidomimetic molecule which in its cis form would provide a scaffold to constrain the conformation of a linear peptide. In stereochemically pure form the BocNH and CO2Et would be pointing in the right direction to mimic a β-bend, and could be a prototype for peptidomimetics based on e.g. cell adhesion and anti-aggregatory peptides. The synthesis proved demanding as this dioxopiperazine combines an α-diamino with a β-keto ester system, and although all linear precursors were satisfactorily synthesised, the final step which involved a cyclisation reaction did not work. To remove the complication of a β-keto ester system we then attempted to synthesise (36). (Fig. 3754) Again the pre-cyclisation stages were achieved satisfactorily to yield Z-NHCH(NHBoc)CONHCH(CH2OH)CO2CH3
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Wolf, Justine. "Biophysical investigations of the LAH4 family peptides : enhancer of gene delivery, from peptide-peptide interactions to peptide-membrane interactions." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAF037/document.

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Les peptides de la famille du LAH4 sont des peptides cationiques capables de se replier en hélice α amphiphile. Ces peptides sont riches en histidines ce qui permet de moduler les interactions de ces peptides de manière pH dépendante et dans une gamme physiologique. Leurs capacités à interagir et perturber les membranes ont été utilisées pour divers applications biologique, et notamment pour l'amélioration de systèmes de transport de gènes.Le travail de cette thèse a été divisé en trois parties dans le but de caractériser de manière biophysique les différentes interactions ayant lieu lors de la livraison du système de transport de gènes à l’intérieur d’une cellule. L’interaction peptide-peptide : avec l’étude de l’agrégation en fibrilles de la VF1 ; l’interaction peptide-membrane : avec l’effet du LAH4L1 en présence de membranes ; et l’interaction peptide-ADN : avec le suivit de l’interaction entre le LAH4L1 et de l'ADN
The LAH4 family consists of cationic amphiphilic peptides with propensity to fold in α-helical secondary structures. They contain histidines allowing the modulation of their interactions in a pH dependent manner in the physiological range. In membranes, at neutral or acidic pH the peptide assumes a transmembrane or an in planar configuration, respectively.In the field of gene delivery systems, peptides like LAH4 are used. They are able to firstly interact with different cargoes in order to form stable complexes, then interact with the cell membrane, and finally, promote to escape from the endosome.This PhD has been divided into three parts in order to characterize, with biophysical methods, the interactions occurring during the delivery of these gene systems: peptide-peptide interactions with a focus on the study of VF1 fibre formation; peptide-membrane interactions: with the investigation of the effect of LAH4L1 in different membranes; and peptide-DNA interactions, where the interactions of LAH4L1 with a small DNA fragment were measured
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Bezkorovaynaya, Olga [Verfasser]. "Coarse-grained peptide models: conformational sampling, peptide association and dynamical properties for peptides / Olga Bezkorovaynaya." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1026802253/34.

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Chen, Fei. "Studies on aminoxy peptides and prebiotic peptide formation." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38534149.

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Chen, Fei, and 陳飛. "Studies on aminoxy peptides and prebiotic peptide formation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38534149.

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Gudlur, Sushanth. "Peptide nanovesicles: supramolecular assembly of branched amphiphilic peptides." Diss., Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13445.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Department of Biochemistry
John M. Tomich
Peptide-based delivery systems show great potential as safer drug delivery vehicles. They overcome problems associated with lipid-based or viral delivery systems, vis-a-vis stability, specificity, inflammation, antigenicity, and tune-ability. We have designed and synthesized a set of 15 and 23-residue branched, amphiphilic peptides that mimic phosphoglycerides in molecular architecture. They undergo supramolecular self-assembly and form solvent-filled, bilayer delineated spheres with 50-150 nm diameters (confirmed by TEM and DLS). Whereas weak hydrophobic forces drive and sustain lipid bilayer assemblies, these structures are further stabilized by β-sheet hydrogen bonding and are stable at very low concentrations and even in the presence of SDS, urea and trypsin as confirmed by circular dichroism spectroscopy. Given sufficient time, they fuse together to form larger assemblies and trap compounds of different sizes within the enclosed space. They are prepared using a protocol that is similar to preparing lipid vesicles. We have shown that different concentrations of the fluorescent dye, 5(6)-Carboxyfluorescein can be encapsulated in these assemblies and delivered into human lens epithelial cells and MCF-7 cells grown on coverslips. Besides fluorescent dyes, we have delivered the plasmid (EGFP-N3, 4.7kb) into N/N 1003A lens epithelial cells and observed expression of EGFP (in the presence and absence of a selection media). In the case of large molecules like DNA, these assemblies act as nanoparticles and offer some protection to DNA against certain nucleases. Linear peptides that lacked a branching point and other branched peptides with their sequences randomized did not show any of the lipid-like properties exhibited by the branched peptides. The peptides can be chemically decorated with target specific sequences for use as DDS for targeted delivery.
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Ruiz, Medina Tarik. "Plant cell bioreactors for peptide production." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670804.

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La producció de proteïnes recombinants en plantes representa una oportunitat per a la seva obtenció i utilització comercial. L'objectiu principal d'aquesta tesi industrial ha estat el desenvolupament de sistemes vegetals de producció de proteïnes, eficients i competitius econòmicament, amb possibilitats de portar-les al mercat. Per fer-ho hem explorat dos sistemes: els cultius cel·lulars de Daucus carota i les fulles de Nicotiana benthamiana, cadascun d'ells amb els seus avantatges i limitacions. Com a prova de concepte, ambdós sistemes van ser utilitzats per a la producció d'"insulin-like growth factor 1" (IGF1), un pèptid d'alt valor afegit per a les indústries cosmètica i farmacèutica. S'assajaren vàries estratègies innovadores per a millorar els rendiments de producció augmentant l'expressió gènica i reduir costos de purificació del producte. A més, l'activitat biològica de l'IGF1 i els seus derivats produïts en planta va ser avaluada en comparació amb pèptids sintètics. Com a primera estratègia s'assajaren supressors del silenciament de l'ARN d'origen viral per tal d'incrementar l'expressió gènica. En assajos d'expressió transitòria amb la proteïna verda fluorescent com a marcadora, seleccionàrem la proteïna P1b del ipomovirus Cucumber vein yellowing virus (CVYV). Els nostres resultats amb línies cel·lulars de pastanaga sobreexpressores de l'IGF1 o el seu pèptid derivat CPP-IGF1 (variant dissenyada per a millorar la seva penetració en cèl·lules humanes) mostraren que en combinació amb P1b s'arribava a rendiments de producció 4 vegades majors que les línies sense el supressor del silenciament. A més, els pèptids foren dirigits al medi de cultiu per facilitar el seu aïllament mitjançant una simple clarificació. En assajos d'activitat, les fraccions obtingudes confirmaren ser capaces d'incrementar la divisió de fibroblasts humans. En relació amb l'estabilitat de la producció, s'observà una reducció propera al 33% després de vint-i-un cicles de propagació successius, per la qual cosa s'implementà la criopreservació de les línies transgèniques per mantenir els rendiments de producció originals, i així establir bancs cel·lulars per usos futurs. Alhora, es desenvolupà un sistema de producció transitòria de l'IGF1 i el CPP-IGF1 en fulles de N. benthamiana utilitzant un vector derivat del virus del mosaic del tabac, Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). Aquest sistema va permetre reduir el temps d'obtenció del pèptid actiu, encara que en comparació amb la producció a les línies cel·lulars l'obtenció del producte no fou tan senzilla. Per tal de facilitar la purificació de l'IGF1 a partir de les matrius vegetals, aplicàrem una estratègia innovadora basada en fusions a oleosina per dirigir la producció a cossos lipídics. Aquesta tecnologia ja havia estat utilitzada en llavors, però no en cultius cel·lulars i escassament en fulles. Les nostres observacions mostraren la presència d'abundants cossos lipídics en nombrosos cultius cel·lulars incloent-hi els de D. carota amb l'excepció de les dues espècies model analitzades, Nicotiana tabacum i Arabidopsis thaliana. Desafortunadament, l'expressió estable de fusions a l'oleosina sembla que va afectar greument al creixement dels calls cel·lulars, pel que s'exploraren alternatives de la seva aplicació a la producció en fulles. Per tal d'augmentar la quantitat de cossos lipídics, la producció de les fusions a l'oleosina es realitzà simultàniament amb la d'inductors de l'acumulació de triacilglicerols utilitzant elements clau de la seva ruta biosintètica en A. thaliana: l'enzim DGAT1 i el factor de transcripció WRI1. Quan ambdós inductors foren co-expressats en combinació amb fusions a oleosina i l'IGF1 en plantes de N. benthamiana, es va obtenir fins 1 μg/g d'IGF1 unit als cossos lipídics, fàcilment aïllable i actiu. El nostre treball proporciona evidències que la utilització de supressors del silenciament de l'ARN, els vectors virals i la tecnologia de les oleosines contribueixen al potencial de les matrius vegetals per a la producció de proteïnes d'interès.
La producción de proteínas recombinantes en plantas representa una oportunidad para su obtención y uso comercial. El objetivo principal de esta tesis industrial ha sido el desarrollo de sistemas vegetales de producción de proteínas, eficientes y competitivos a nivel económico, con posibilidades de llevarlas al mercado. Para ello hemos explorado dos sistemas: los cultivos celulares de Daucus carota y las hojas de Nicotiana benthamiana, cada uno con sus ventajas y limitaciones. Como prueba de concepto, ambos sistemas fueron utilizados para la producción de “'insulin-like growth factor 1” (IGF1), un péptido de alto valor añadido para las industrias cosmética y farmacéutica. Se ensayaron varias estrategias innovadoras para mejorar los rendimientos de producción aumentando la expresión génica y para reducir costes de purificación del producto. Además, la actividad biológica de IGF1 y sus derivados producidos en plantas se evaluó en comparación con péptidos sintéticos. Como primera estrategia se ensayaron supresores del silenciamiento de ARN de origen viral para incrementar la expresión génica. En ensayos de expresión transitoria con la proteína verde fluorescente como marcadora, seleccionamos la proteína P1b del ipomovirus Cucumber vein yellowing virus (CVYV). Nuestros resultados con líneas celulares de zanahoria sobreexpresoras de IGF1 o su péptido derivado CPP-IGF1 (variante diseñada para mejorar su penetración en células humanas) mostraron que en combinación con P1b alcanzaban rendimientos de producción 4 veces mayores que las líneas sin el supresor del silencing. Además, los péptidos fueron dirigidos al medio de cultivo para facilitar su aislamiento por simple clarificación. En ensayos de actividad, las fracciones obtenidas confirmaron ser capaces de incrementar la división de fibroblastos humanos. En relación a la estabilidad de la producción, se observó una reducción cercana al 33% después de veintiún ciclos de propagación sucesivos, por lo que se implementó la criopreservación de las líneas transgénicas para mantener los rendimientos de producción originales, y así establecer bancos de líneas celulares para usos futuros. También se desarrolló un sistema de producción transitoria de IGF1 y CPP-IGF1 en hojas de N. benthamiana utilizando un vector derivado del virus del mosaico del tabaco, Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). Este sistema permitió reducir el tiempo de obtención del péptido activo, aunque en comparación con la producción en líneas celulares la obtención del producto no fue tan sencilla. Con el fin de facilitar la purificación de IGF1 desde matrices vegetales, aplicamos una estrategia innovadora basada en fusiones a oleosina para dirigir la producción a cuerpos lipídicos. Esta tecnología ya había sido utilizada en semillas, pero no en cultivos celulares, y escasamente en hojas. Nuestras observaciones mostraron la presencia de abundantes cuerpos lipídicos en numerosos cultivos celulares, incluyendo los de D. carota, con la excepción de las dos especies modelo analizadas, Nicotiana tabacum y Arabidopsis thaliana. Desafortunadamente, la expresión estable de fusiones a oleosina pareció afectar gravemente el crecimiento de los callos celulares, por lo que se exploró la alternativa de su aplicación a la producción en hojas. Para aumentar la cantidad de cuerpos lipídicos, la producción de las fusiones a oleosina se realizó simultáneamente con inductores de la acumulación de triacilgliceroles, usando elementos clave de su ruta biosintética en A. thaliana: la enzima DGAT1 y el factor de transcripción WRI1. Cuando ambos inductores fueron co-expresados en combinación con fusiones de oleosina e IGF1 en plantas de N. benthamiana, se obtuvo hasta 1 μg/g de IGF1 unida a los cuerpos lipídicos, fácilmente aislable y activo. Nuestro trabajo proporciona evidencias de que la utilización de supresores del silenciamiento de ARN, los vectores virales y la tecnología de oleosinas contribuyen al potencial de las matrices vegetales para la producción de proteínas de interés.
The production of proteins in plant cell cultures and whole plants represents great opportunities to develop products for commercial use. The main objective of this industrial thesis was to develop economic and efficient plant production systems to bring proteins of interest to the market. We explored two different systems, Daucus carota cell cultures and Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, each having advantages and drawbacks depending on the intended use of the products. As a proof of concept, both systems were applied in the production of the human insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), a high value peptide for the cosmetic and therapeutic industries. Innovative strategies to enhance gene expression and to facilitate product purification were used to improve yields and to reduce costs. Moreover, the biological activity of the produced IGF1 and derivatives was evaluated and compared to the chemically synthesized peptides to demonstrate the usefulness of production systems. Our first approach to enhance gene expression and improve peptide yields was with RNA silencing suppressors (RSSs). Using transient expression assays and the green fluorescent protein (GFP) as reporter, we selected the P1b from the Cucumber vein yellowing virus (CVYV) Ipomovirus as the RSSs to enhance gene expression in carrot cell cultures. Our results demonstrated that transgenic lines overexpressing IGF1 or the derivative CPP-IGF1 (a variant tailored to enhance the delivery to human cells) reached up to 4-fold higher peptide yields in combination with P1b than without. The IGF1 or CPP-IGF1 was targeted to the culture media being easily purified by simple clarification of suspensions. Moreover, we found that the media containing the produced IGF1 or CPP-IGF1 stimulated the division of human fibroblasts. A cryopreservation process was applied to the transgenic lines to avoid the reduction in peptide production found over successive propagation cycles. This allowed us to recover the original yields, opening up the possibility of establishing master cell banks. We also developed a transient production system of IGF1 and CPP-IGF1 using N. benthamiana leaves and a derived tobacco mosaic virus vector. This system resulted in similar yields of active peptides to cell cultures with the main advantage of shortening production times, although requiring more complex downstream purification. Our innovative strategy to facilitate the purification of IGF1 from plant matrices was the use of oleosin fusion technology for lipid droplet (LDs) targeting. This technology has been previously used in LD-rich seeds, but unexplored in plant cell cultures or LD-poor tissues such as leaves. Our work showed that model cell cultures from Nicotiana tabacum or Arabidopsis thaliana were an exception, as many other plant cell cultures, including D. carota cells, do contain a large number of LDs and are susceptible to produce oleosin fusion proteins. However, as the stable expression of oleosin fusions severely affected callus cell growth, we tested the technology in transient expression in leaves. Due to the low level of LDs in leaves, oleosin fusion proteins production was in combination with triacylglycerol (TAG) induction to increase LD content simultaneously. For this purpose, key components of the TAG biosynthetic pathway, A. thaliana derived elements such as the enzyme DGAT1 and the regulatory factor WRI1 were co-expressed with the IGF1 oleosin fusion proteins in N. benthamiana leaves. Using this strategy, we obtained yields up to 1 μg/g of IGF1 bound to LDs, easily purified and fully active. Our work provides evidence of the potential of plant matrices to produce valuable peptides. Also, the oleosin technology, the use of RSSs and viral vectors explored will serve to overcome some of the known limitations of plant systems to produce active products of industrial interest.
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Martari, Marco. "Structure-function relationships of bolaamphiphilic peptides and peptide hybrids." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/582.

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Yiangou, Yiangos. "Studies on peptide-histidine isoleucine (PHI-27)-like peptides." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47318.

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Books on the topic "Peptide"

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Tam, James P., and Pravin T. P. Kaumaya, eds. Peptides Frontiers of Peptide Science. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46862-x.

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Sāmī, Saʻīd, Mutt Viktor, and New York Academy of Sciences., eds. Vasoactive intestinal peptide and related peptides. New York, N.Y: New York Academy of Sciences, 1988.

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Nielsen, Peter E., and Daniel Appella. Peptide nucleic acids: Methods and protocols. New York: Humana Press, 2014.

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Wieland, Theodor. The world of peptides: A brief history of peptide chemistry. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1991.

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D, Fricker Lloyd, ed. Peptide biosynthesis and processing. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1991.

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Bailey, P. D. An introduction to peptide chemistry. Chichester [England]: Wiley, 1990.

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1947-, Turner A. J., ed. Neuropeptides and their peptidases. Weinheim: VCH, 1987.

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Björklund, Anders, Remi Quirion, and Tomas Hökfelt. Peptide receptors. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2003.

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Hussein, Waleed M., Rachel J. Stephenson, and Istvan Toth, eds. Peptide Conjugation. New York, NY: Springer US, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1617-8.

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Coppock, Matthew B., and Alexander J. Winton, eds. Peptide Macrocycles. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1689-5.

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Book chapters on the topic "Peptide"

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Yang, Zheng Rong. "Peptide Bioinformatics- Peptide Classification Using Peptide Machines." In Methods in Molecular Biology™, 155–79. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-101-1_9.

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Stawikowski, Maciej J. "Peptoids and Peptide–Peptoid Hybrid Biopolymers as Peptidomimetics." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 47–60. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-652-8_4.

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Keck, Martin E., and Rainer Landgraf. "Peptide." In Handbuch der Psychopharmakotherapie, 197–210. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19844-1_19.

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Latscha, Hans Peter, and Helmut Alfons Klein. "Peptide." In Springer-Lehrbuch, 403–11. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85882-6_24.

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Storz, Ulrich, Wolfgang Flasche, and Johanna Driehaus. "Peptide Vaccines and Peptide Therapeutics." In Intellectual Property Issues, 17–71. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29526-3_2.

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Gkika, Karmel S., David Cullinane, and Tia E. Keyes. "Metal peptide conjugates in cell and tissue imaging and biosensing." In Metal Ligand Chromophores for Bioassays, 27–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19863-2_2.

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AbstractMetal complex luminophores have seen dramatic expansion in application as imaging probes over the past decade. This has been enabled by growing understanding of methods to promote their cell permeation and intracellular targeting. Amongst the successful approaches that have been applied in this regard is peptide-facilitated delivery. Cell-permeating or signal peptides can be readily conjugated to metal complex luminophores and have shown excellent response in carrying such cargo through the cell membrane. In this article, we describe the rationale behind applying metal complexes as probes and sensors in cell imaging and outline the advantages to be gained by applying peptides as the carrier for complex luminophores. We describe some of the progress that has been made in applying peptides in metal complex peptide-driven conjugates as a strategy for cell permeation and targeting of transition metal luminophores. Finally, we provide key examples of their application and outline areas for future progress.
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Srinivasan, Ananth, and Michelle A. Schmidt. "Tri-t-butyl-DTPA: A versatile synthon for the preparation of DTPA-containing peptides by solid phase." In Peptides Frontiers of Peptide Science, 267–68. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46862-x_110.

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St. Hilaire, Phaedria M., Morten Meldal, and Klaus Bock. "Analysis of O-and N-linked glycopeptide libraries by MALDI-TOF MS: Application in solid phase assays of carbohydrate-binding-proteins." In Peptides Frontiers of Peptide Science, 45–46. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46862-x_12.

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Bianchi, Elisabetta, Andrea Urbani, Raffaele De Francesco, Christian Steinkühler, and Antonello Pessi. "Substrate specificity and mechanism of activation of hepatitis C virus protease." In Peptides Frontiers of Peptide Science, 396–97. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46862-x_168.

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Lavigne, P., L. H. Kondejewski, M. E. Houston, R. S. Hodges, and C. M. Kay. "On the energetics of the heterodimerization of the Max and c-Myc leucine zippers." In Peptides Frontiers of Peptide Science, 467–68. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46862-x_203.

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Conference papers on the topic "Peptide"

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Mikheeva, N. A., E. P. Drozhdina, and N. A. Kurnosova. "Morphofunctional features of proliferating cells exposed to PSMA peptide." In VIII Vserossijskaja konferencija s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem «Mediko-fiziologicheskie problemy jekologii cheloveka». Publishing center of Ulyanovsk State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34014/mpphe.2021-142-144.

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The effect of the synthetic PSMA peptide on dividing cells of laboratory animals was studied. The experiment was carried out on male white laboratory mice of the BALB/c-line. The toxic effect of PSMA peptidi was evaluated at therapeutic (1.4 μg / kg of animal weight or 0.04 μg / animal) and subtoxic (140 μg / kg of animal weight or 4.0 μg / animal) doses. The cytotoxic effect of PSMA peptide on red bone marrow cells and cambial intestinal cells of the of laboratory mice was determined. A decrease in the proliferative activity of the colon crypt cells was revealed upon administration of a subtoxic dose of the PSMA peptide and there were no signs of toxic damage to the red bone marrow cells of animals. Key words: toxicity, proliferation, synthetic peptides, mitotic index, micronucleus test.
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REYMOND, JEAN-LOUIS. "PEPTIDE DENDRIMERS AND POLYCYCLIC PEPTIDES." In 23rd International Solvay Conference on Chemistry. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814603836_0003.

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Liu, Dan-Xuan, Yi-Heng Xu, and Chao Qian. "Peptide Vaccine Design by Evolutionary Multi-Objective Optimization." In Thirty-Third International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-24}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2024/770.

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Peptide vaccines are growing in significance for fighting diverse diseases. Machine learning has improved the identification of peptides that can trigger immune responses, and the main challenge of peptide vaccine design now lies in selecting an effective subset of peptides due to the allelic diversity among individuals. Previous works mainly formulated this task as a constrained optimization problem, aiming to maximize the expected number of peptide-Major Histocompatibility Complex (peptide-MHC) bindings across a broad range of populations by selecting a subset of diverse peptides with limited size; and employed a greedy algorithm, whose performance, however, may be limited due to the greedy nature. In this paper, we propose a new framework PVD-EMO based on Evolutionary Multi-objective Optimization, which reformulates Peptide Vaccine Design as a bi-objective optimization problem that maximizes the expected number of peptide-MHC bindings and minimizes the number of selected peptides simultaneously, and employs a Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm (MOEA) to solve it. We also incorporate warm-start and repair strategies into MOEAs to improve efficiency and performance. We prove that the warm-start strategy ensures that PVD-EMO maintains the same worst-case approximation guarantee as the previous greedy algorithm, and meanwhile, the EMO framework can help avoid local optima. Experiments on a peptide vaccine design for COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, demonstrate the superiority of PVD-EMO.
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Fulcher, C. A., R. A. Houghten, S. de Graaf Mahoney, J. R. Roberts, and T. S. Zimmerman. "SYNTHETIC PEPTIDE PROBES OF FACTOR VIII IMMUNOLOGY AND FUNCTION." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644768.

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In order to develop specific immunologic reagents for mapping functionally important sites on FVIII, we have prepared rabbit polyclonal antibodies against synthetic peptides of FVIII derived from regions along the entire FVIII amino acid sequence. To date, a total of 70 peptides have been synthesized and characterized by amino acid and HPLC analysis. The peptides were coupled to keyhole limpet hemocyanin with glutaraldehyde as a linkage reagent and used to immunize rabbits. Antisera were tested by ELISA assay on polystyrene microtiter plates coated with either the peptide immunogen, or purified FVIII. The antisera were also tested for their ability to inhibit FVIII clotting activity and to react with separated FVIII polypeptides on immunoblots.Of the 70 peptides, all reacted with the peptide immunogen, 45 reacted with purified FVIII and 33 reacted with FVIII on immunoblots. Because we had obtained evidence that cleavage of the amino terminal region of the 80 kDa polypeptide may play a role in FVIII activation by thrombin, a series of partially overlapping peptides, 15 residues in length, were synthesized in this area. After affinity purifying these antibodies on columns of FVIII immobilized on agarose, adjusting the antibodies to equal antigen binding titers by dot immunoblotting and testing for inhibition of FVIII activity, only one antibody could strongly inhibit FVIII clotting activity. This inhibition could be blocked by the peptide itself at nanomolar concentrations and no significant inhibition could be shown by antibodies to partially overlapping peptides individually, or in combination. These data suggest that a site important to FVIII function can be localized to a 15 amino acid residue region of the 80 kDa polypeptide of FVIII. In addition, a second inhibitoryantibody was identified which was produced against a peptide in the carboxy terminal region of the 54 kDa thrombin fragment of FVIII and this area is currently being studied in a similar manner. In addition, two monoclonal anti-FVIII synthetic peptide antibodies have been produced which react with purified FVIII on immunoblots. One of these antibodies also functions as an immunoadsorbent when linked to agarose and FVII can be purified in this manner, using the synthetic peptide as eluant. It is evident that antibodies to synthetic peptides of FVIII can be useful probes of FVIII structure, function and interactions as well as being of use in FVIII purification.
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D’Souza, S. E., M. H. Ginaberg, S. Lam, and E. A. Plow. "ACTIVATION DEPENDENT ALTERATIONS IN THE CHEMICAL CROSSLINKING OF ARGINYL-GLYCYL-ASPARTIC ACID (RGD) PEPTIDES WITH PLATELET GLYCOPROTEIN (GP) GPIIb-IIIa." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643699.

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The platelet adhesive proteins, fibrinogen, fibronectin and von WillebrandFactor, contain RGD amino acid sequences; RGD-containing peptides inhibit the binding of these adhesive proteins to platelets; and a membrane receptor for these adhesive proteins binds to Arg-Gly-Asp and contains GPIIb-IIIa. The present study was undertaken to characterize the interaction of RGDpeptides with GPIIb-IIIa using a chemical crosslinking approach. A radioiodinated RGD-containing heptapeptide was bound to washed human platelets under conditions at which ≥ 85% of theinteraction was inhibited by excess nonlabeled peptide. After binding of the peptide to platelets for 45 min at22°, a homobifunctional crosslinking reagent was added, and the platelets were extracted and analyzed on polyacrylamide gels. With resting platelets,autoradiography of the gels revealedthat the peptide crosslinked tobothGPIIb and GPIIIa. This interaction wasinhibited by excess nonlabeled peptide but not by certain conservatively substituted RGD peptides. Stimulation of the platelets caused a dramatic increase in crosslinking of the peptide to only one of the two subunitsof GPIIb-IIIa. The stimulus dependentincrease in the crosslinking reactionwas specific and saturable as it was inhibited by RGD peptides in a dose dependent manner. In addition, peptides corresponding in structure to the carboxy terminus of the γ chain of fibrinogen also produced concentration dependent inhibition of the interaction. The increase in crosslinking induced by platelet stimulation was divalent ion dependent. Similar results werealso obtained with a second, larger RGD-containing peptide and with asecond chemical crosslinking reagent.Theseresults indicate that platelet stimulation in the presence of divalent ions causes a change which permitsmoreefficient crosslinking of RGD-containing peptides to only one of the two subunits of GPIIb-IIIa. The results are also compatible with a proximalrelationship of both subunits tothe RGD binding sites on the plateletmembrane.
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Fresslnaud, E., J. E. Sadler, J. P. Girma, H. R. Baumgartner, and D. Meyer. "SYNTHETIC RGD-CONTAINING PEPTIDES OF VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR INHIBIT PLATELET ADHESION TO COLLAGEN." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643591.

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The Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence is common to fibrinogen (Fg), fibronectin (Fn) and von Willebrand Factor (vWF). RGD-containing peptides compete for binding of these adhesive proteins to platelet membrane GPIIb/IIIa and inhibit thrombin-induced platelet aggregation as does an unrelated dodecapeptide from the γ Fg COOH terminus (γFg 400-411). We compared in flowing blood the effect of γ Fg 400-411 and of 3 synthetic peptides derived from the sequence of human vWF upon platelet adhesion to collagen. The 3 vWF peptides (13 or 18 aminoacids) contained an RGD sequence in the NH2 (peptide 03), central (peptide 07) or COOH (peptide 02) portions. Collagen was coated onto plastic coverslips and exposed in a parallel-plate perfusion chamber to reconstituted human blood at a shear rate of 2,600 s™1 for 3 min at 37°C. Perfusates contained physiological concentrations of 51 Cr-platelets and red cells in either citrated autologous plasma or modified Tyrode buffer containing 4% human albumin ; in the latter case, the collagen-coated coverslips were preincubated with normal plasma or purified human vWF prior to perfusion. Platelet-collagen interactions were estimated by radioactivity counting and quantitative morphometry. RGD peptides 02, 03 and 07 inhibited platelet-collagen interactions in a dose-dependent manner. With peptide 07, deposition of 51 Cr-platelets decreased from 283.8 ± 32.5 × 105/cm2 (mean ± SEM, n = 3) with buffer to 169.6 ± 33.0 in the presence of 50 μM peptide (p < 0.05), 133.7 ± 26.4 with 150 uM (p <0.012) and 101.8 ± 27.1 with 300 uM (p <0.005). The inhibitory effect of γ Fg 400-411 upon platelet deposition was less significant than that of the RGD peptides at 50 and 150 uM concentrations (224.4 ± 39.8, N.S. and 139.5 ± 55.3, p < 0.05, respectively). RGD peptide 07 also inhibited in a dose-dependent way both platelet adhesion to collagen and thrombus growth. Similar results were observed with peptides 02 and 03, indicating that the position of the RGD sequence is not critical. No synergetic effect between RGD and γFg 400-411 peptides was observed. These results with vWF peptides confirm that GPIIb/IIIa is involved not only In platelet aggregation (thrombus growth) but also in vWF-mediated platelet adhesion to collagen.
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Wallin, R., and T. Saldeen. "DEVELOPMENT OF A SPECIFIC RADIODMMUNOASSAY FOR DETERMINATION OF PEPTIDES DERIVED FROM HUMAN LEUKOCYTE ELASTASE DEGRADATION OF HUMAN FIBRIN (OGEN)." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643899.

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This paper describes a RIA for determination of the vasoactive peptide BB 30-43 and related peptides derived from leukocyte elastase degradaticn of human fibrin(ogen). The peptide was synthesized and could easily be labelled with 125I.Rabbits were iirmunized with BB 30-43 conjugated to bovine albumin. The antibody was found to bind about 5C% of the tracer in absence of BB 30-43 in a ˜1/800 diluticn. The RIA can detect peptide concentrations between 50 - 25000 pmol/L. The crossreaction with fibrinogen is very low (<0.001%) and with plas-min derived fibrin(ogen) peptides Bβ 1-42 and BB 15-42 also low (<0.2%). Plasma samples can be analyzed without any pretreatment. In an in vitro study fibrin and fibrincgen was degraded with plasmin or leukocyte elastase. Plasmin degradaticn of fibrin and fibrincgen did not release peptides which cross-reacted with our antibody, whereas leukocyte elastase degradation released peptides from both fibrin and fibrinogen which crossreact whith the antibody.The imnunolqgical activity was not changed after degrading peptide Bβ 30-43 with a) trypsin, b) plasmin, c) batraxobin, d) thrombin, e) elastase, at +37°,1 h, in a molar ratio of 1:100. Even degradaticn by elastase (1:3.5) +37°, 1 h, did not destroy the iirmunological activity.The imriunolcgical stability of peptide B< 30-43 in EDTA-plasma (+37°) seems to be very good. In citrated and heparinized plasma the activity of this peptide seems to vanish quite fast. In spite of these results we have detected high levels of iirmunolcgical activitiy in citrated or heparinized patient plasma. The molecular distribution of the peptides detected in plasma by our RIA corresponded to a fragnent containing about 25 amino acids. This fragnent seemes to be rather stable in plasma. When this fragnent was degraded with elastase in vitro a peptide with a molecular size resembling BB 30-43 was obtained. Over 300 patient samples have been studied. About 20 per cent were positive and the highest levels were found in patients with ARDS, septicaemia, severe renal failure, pulmonary embolism, pneumonia and pulmonary congestion.
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Baba, Waqas, and Sajid Maqsood. "Novel antihypertensive and anticholesterolemic peptides from peptic hydrolysates of camel whey proteins." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/qecs2081.

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Hypercholesterolemia and hypertension are major growing concerns that are managed by drugs that inhibit various metabolic enzymes. Milk hydrolysates have been reported to contain various bioactive peptides (BAP) that can inhibit various metabolic enzymes for enhancing human health. As such camel whey proteins were subjected to peptic hydrolysis using a full factorial model (33) with hydrolysis time, temperature, and enzyme concentration as factors. The resulting hydrolysates were analyzed for anti-hypercholesterolemic and hypertensive properties by studying the in vitro inhibition of various enzymatic markers. The hydrolysates with lowest IC50 values were further subjected to LC-MS-QTOF that revealed presence of 185 peptides. Selected peptides that had Peptide Ranker Score greater than 0.8 were further studied for prediction of possible interactions with enzyme markers: pancreatic lipase (PL) cholesterol esterase (CE) and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) using in silico analysis. The data generated suggested that most of the peptides could bind active site of PL while as only three peptides could bind active site of CE. Based on higher number of reactive residues in the bioactive peptides (BAP) and greater number of substrate binding sites, FCCLGPVPP was identified as potential CE inhibitory peptide while PAGNFLPPVAAAPVM, MLPLMLPFTMGY, and LRFPL were identified as PL inhibitors. While peptides PAGNFLP, FCCLGPVPP, PAGNFLMNGLMHR, PAVACCLPPLPCHM were identified as potential ACE inhibitors. Molecular docking of selected peptides showed hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions between peptides and target enzymes. Moreover, due to the importance of renin in managing hypertension, peptides from hydrolysates with high ACE inhibiting potential were predicted for potential to interact with renin using in silico analysis. Molecular docking was subsequently employed to identify how the identified peptides, PVAAAPVM and LRPFL, could interact with renin and potentially inhibit it. Thus, non-bovine (camel) whey hydrolysates might be used as functional ingredients for production of functional foods with antihypertensive and anticholesterolemic properties.
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Biondi, Barbara, Silvia Millan, Fernando Formaggio, Alessandra Semenzato, and Cristina Peggion. "Synthesis and conformationof short peptides modeled after peptide LL-37." In 35th European Peptide Symposium. Prompt Scientific Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17952/35eps.2018.195.

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Newton, Ashley, and Kaustav Majumder. "Evaluating the Efficacy of Germination in Producing Biologically Active Peptides from Garbanzo Beans." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/czkw6895.

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Interest in plant-based protein, specifically pulse protein, has grown exponentially. Garbanzo beans (Cicer arietinum) have gained interest, as they are commonly consumed in many parts of the world. Bioactive peptides identified in pulse proteins have been shown to increase in concentration when exposed to various processing methods. Germination has been shown to decrease antinutritional factor concentration and increase production of enzymes, resulting in the production of peptides with potential bioactivity. This experiment aims to evaluate the efficacy of germination in producing and increasing the concentration of bioactive peptides in garbanzo beans. Garbanzo beans (GB) were germinated over a 3-day time period, with samples taken at the start of germination (day 0) and day 3. Soluble protein content was analyzed by Lowry’s protein estimation method and peptide content was measured using a fluorometric peptide assay. SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis was performed to investigate proteolytic changes in major storage proteins after germination. Soluble protein content and peptide content were both found to significantly increase after three days of germination. Germination of GB was found to increase the total soluble protein and peptide by 1% and 70%, respectively. Gel electrophoresis revealed the occurrence of proteolysis on day 3, with a disappearance of bands at 65 kDa and 100 kDa, corresponding to vicilin and convicilin, respectively, as well as a decrease in bands around 50 kDa, corresponding to legumin subunits. Future work will involve testing the bioactive potential of peptides derived from germinated GB using cell culture assays and identifying potential bioactive peptides via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.Plant-based protein popularity has continued to increase, and there is a large interest in the use of bioactive peptides in pulses. The use of various processing conditions to increase the concentration of bioavailable peptides in pulses can be used to develop functional foods with novel health benefits.
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Reports on the topic "Peptide"

1

Rich, Alexander, and Shuguang Zhang. Peptide Nanofilament Engineering. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada416701.

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2

Parker, G., D. Anex, M. Leppert, L. Baird, N. Matsunami, and T. Leppert. Polymorphic Peptide Hair Project. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1130556.

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Clements, John D. Tulane/Xavier Vaccine Peptide Program. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada615102.

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Vouros, Paul, and Terrance Black. Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis of Antimicrobial Peptides for cell Binding Studies: Characterization Using Mass Spectrometry. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada412571.

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Som, P., B. A. Rhodes, and S. S. Sharma. Peptide Based Radiopharmaceuticals: Specific Construct Approach. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/770462.

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Wong, Eric A., and Zehava Uni. Nutrition of the Developing Chick Embryo: Nutrient Uptake Systems of the Yolk Sac Membrane and Embryonic Intestine. United States Department of Agriculture, June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7697119.bard.

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We have examined the developmental changes in composition, amount, and uptake of yolk nutrients (fat, protein, water and carbohydrates) and the expression ofnutrient transporters in the yolk sac membrane (YSM) from embryonic day 11 (Ell) to 21 (E21) and small intestine from embryonic day 15 (E15) to E21 in embryos from young (22-25 wk) and old (45-50 wk) Cobb and Leghorn breeder flocks. The developmental expression profiles for the peptide transporter 1 (PepTl), the amino acid transporters, EAAT3, CAT-1 and BOAT, the sodium glucose transporter (SGLTl), the fructose transporter (GLUT5), the digestive enzymes aminopeptidase N (APN) and sucraseisomaltase (SI) were assayed by the absolute quantification real time PCR method in the YSM and embryonic intestine. Different temporal patterns of expression were observed for these genes. The effect of in ovo injection of peptides (the dipeptide Gly-Sar, purified peptides, trypsin hydrolysate) on transporter gene expression has been examined in the embryonic intestine. Injection of a partial protein hydrolysate resulted in an increase in expression of the peptide transporter PepT2. We have initiated a transcriptome analysis of genes expressed in the YSM at different developmental ages to better understand the function of the YSM.
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Horwitz, Benjamin, and Barbara Gillian Turgeon. Secondary Metabolites, Stress, and Signaling: Roles and Regulation of Peptides Produced by Non-ribosomal Peptide Synthetases. United States Department of Agriculture, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7696522.bard.

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Fungal pathogens of plants produce a diverse array of small molecules. Often referred to as secondary metabolites because they were thought to be dispensable for basic functions, they may indeed have central roles as signals for the fungal cell, and in interactions with the host. We have identified more than a dozen genes encoding nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NPS) in Cochliobolusheterostrophus, the agent of southern corn leaf blight. The aim of this project was to identify roles of these genes in stress responses and signaling. The first objective was to test a complete collection of C. heterostrophus nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS)-encoding gene deletion mutant and wildtype (WT) strains for sensitivity to various agents of oxidative (ROS) and nitrosative (RNOS) stress, in vitro. The second objective and next step in this part of the project was to study the relevance of sensitivity to ROS and RNOS in the host pathogen interaction, by measuring the production of ROS and RNOS in planta, when plants are inoculated with wild type and mutant strains. A third objective was to study expression of any genes shown to be involved in sensitivity to ROS or RNOS, in vitro and in planta. Another objective was to determine if any of the genes involved in oxidative or nitrosative stress responses are regulated by components of signal transduction pathways (STP) that we have identified and to determine where mechanisms overlap. Study of the collection of nps mutants identified phenotypes relevant for virulence, development and oxidative stress resistance for two of the genes, NPS2 and NPS6. Mutants in genes related to RNOS stress have no virulence phenotypes, while some of those related to ROS stress have reduced virulence as well as developmental phenotypes, so we focused primarily on ROS stress pathways. Furthermore, the identification of NPS2 and NPS6 as encoding for NRPS responsible for siderophore biosynthesis lent a new focus to the project, regulation by Fe. We have not yet developed good methods to image ROS in planta and work in this direction is continuing. We found that NPS6 expression is repressed by Fe, responding over the physiological Fe concentration range. Studying our collection of mutants, we found that conserved MAPK and G protein signal transduction pathways are dispensable for Fe regulation of NPS6, and initiated work to identify other pathways. The transcription factor SreA is one candidate, and is responsible for part, but not all, of the control of NPS6 expression. The results of this project show that the pathogen contends with oxidative stress through several signaling pathways. Loss of the siderophore produced by Nps6 makes the fungus sensitive to oxidative stress, and decreases virulence, suggesting a central role of the ability to sequester and take up extracellular iron in the host-pathogen interaction. Siderophores, and manipulation of Fe levels, could be targets for new strategies to deal with fungal pathogens of maize and other plants.
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Athavankar, Sonales, Daniel D. Clark, and Blake R. Peterson. Discovery of Cyclic Peptide Estrogens and Antiestrogens. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada438889.

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9

Pietras, Richard J. Peptide Antiestrogens for Human Breast Cancer Therapy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada396878.

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Daggett, Valerie. Simulation of Protein and Peptide-Based Biomaterials. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada399142.

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