Academic literature on the topic 'Pensée native'
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Journal articles on the topic "Pensée native"
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Mattéi, Jean-François. "La symphonie de l'être dans le Sophiste de Platon." Dialogue 24, no. 2 (1985): 237–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0012217300043079.
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Un monde nouveau apparaît avec la dialectique platonicienne, qui brise l'harmonie native de la pensée archaïque et sa rayonnante unité, pour opposer désormais le royaume invisible des Formes dont lâme conserve, en une tonalité mineure, la nostalgie, et le troublant exil des corps, livrés aux désirs ehatoyants des simulacres. Issue d'une disso-nance aussi radicale, la philosophie s'épuisera au cours de son histoire à tenter de combler le χωρισμóς pour se résoudre en un accord parfait. Cette interprétation communément reçue du platonisme, qui prédispose à l'idéalisme comme au christianisme, commande encore les lectures critiques de Nietzsche et de Heidegger, mais tient déjà tout entière dans la fresque de Raphaël: représenté près d'Aristote dont la main, largement ouverte, impose sa maîtrise à la terre, l'auteur du Timée montre, d'un doigt impératif, la direction du ciel.
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Shin, Leo. "The Last Campaigns of Wang Yangming." T'oung Pao 92, no. 1 (2006): 101–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853206778553225.
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AbstractGiven his grand humanistic vision, how should one explain Wang Yangming's (Wang Shouren; 1472-1529) deep engagements in borderland warfare? What did he think he was doing, and how should one place his approaches in the broader contexts of the intellectual and political discourses of mid-Ming China? Focusing on Wang's activities in the southern province of Guangxi in 1528 (particularly his "pacification" of the native domain of Tianzhou as well as his military campaign against the "Yao bandits" in the Rattan Gorge area), this essay explains not only how Wang dealt with the perceived problems of the "non-Chinese" (man, yi, etc.) but also how his approaches should be understood in terms of the inner logic of his thoughts as well as the intellectual and political debates of his time. Étant donné sa noble vision humaniste, comment expliquer que Wang Yangming (Wang Shouren, 1479-1529) ait pu s'engager à fond dans des guerres frontalières? Comment envisageait-il ses propres actions, et comment comprendre son approche dans le contexte plus large du discours intellectuel et politique au milieu des Ming? En se concentrant sur les activités de Wang Yangming dans la province méridionale du Guangxi en 1528 (plus particulièrement la façon dont il "pacifia" la principauté aborigène de Tianzhou, et sa campagne armée contre les "bandits Yao" de la Gorge du Rotin), l'article explique non seulement comment Wang abordait les problèmes des "non Chinois" (les man, yi, etc.) tels qu'ils étaient perçus, mais aussi comment son approche doit être comprise en fonction de la logique propre de sa pensée, ainsi que des débats intellectuals et politiques de son temps.
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Iyalla-Amadi, Priye. "Langage technique et univers technologique africain." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 42, no. 4 (January 1, 1996): 193–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.42.4.02iya.
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Résumé Du fait qu'il apparaît lent à participer à la marche technologique de son temps, l'Africain est perçu comme un retardataire dans l'univers technologique actuel. Or, dans cette étude, nous sommes d'avis qu'il est bel et bien possible de se lancer dans la technologie en se créant un langage technique approprié et en adoptant les procédés ponctuels et précis de la traduction technique. Nous avons choisi la langue yoruba comme modèle de ce travail embryonnaire car nous estimons qu'il s'agit d'une langue africaine "auto-suffisante" et capable de subvenir aux besoins de ses locuteurs à tous les niveaux. Nous avons donc imaginé de formuler un langage technique en nous servant de la langue française comme modèle métalinguistique en vue de parvenir à nos fins, à savoir de doter l'esprit de l'Africain d'une pensée dite technique, afin de faire naître en lui une conscience technologique par la voie lexicologique, pour qu'enfin puissent avoir lieu les inventions technologiques. Abstract The need for the African to be an active part of the technological age is felt now more than ever. Efforts need to be made to make the African aware of the technological realities, manifested via scientific phenomena, present in his environment. One way we intend to do this is by evolving an appropriate lexicological framework whereby indigenous African languages, in this case the Yoruba language, can be made to express scientific and technological phenomena using the concise and precise procedures of technical translation. It is our belief that abstract conceptions concretized by linguistic expressions can give impetus to technological inventions. When the Yoruba speaker knows that he can express the term 'solar collector' in his native language as 'akónajo olóòrùn', he will be better able to appreciate and apprehend the phenomenon in his environment. As David Crystal (1987) noted in his comments on the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis, people recall things more easily if they correspond to readily available words or phrases. It is our intention to make such words which will convey technological import readily available to Yoruba speakers through this study. We also intend to use the Yoruba language as a model to be emulated by other languages in need of lexicological development, i.e. designed to express scientific and technological realities in such a way as ultimately to give impetus to technological inventions.
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Cernicchiaro, Ana Carolina. "Resistir na língua: a literatura indígena contra o silenciamento monolíngue." Alea: Estudos Neolatinos 24, no. 1 (April 2022): 203–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-106x/202224111.
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Resumo O presente trabalho propõe pensar a linguagem como terreno sobre o qual o colonialismo, a biopolítica e a necropolítica construíram suas bases, tanto porque a posse do logos é o que fundamenta a partilha do sensível e estabelece a cesura entre os que compartilham um comum e a parte dos sem parte, entre existência política e vida nua, quanto porque o monolinguismo é a engrenagem essencial da máquina colonial que, ainda hoje, mata idiomas e silencia histórias. Contra esse projeto excludente da língua nacional, a literatura indígena resiste com um devir-menor da língua maior, capaz de desestabilizar a unicidade do idioma, da história, da literatura e do próprio conceito de Povo brasileiro.
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Bocanegra, Rosalía Calle. "Codificación del movimiento por aprendices checos de españo: influencia de los patrones de pensar para hablar de la L1 en la L2." Romanica Cracoviensia 21, no. 3 (2021): 239–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20843917rc.21.024.14196.
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Motion encoding by Czech learners of Spanish: Influence of L1 Thinking-for-Speaking patterns in L2 This paper studies verbal encoding of motion events by Czech advanced learners of Spanish and Spanish native speakers. Since these languages differ in terms of Talmy’s (2000) typology of motion encoding, the study aims to assess to what extent the learners acquired the Thinking-for-Speaking patterns (Slobin 1996) of the L2. To this end, written narratives by natives and learners are examined and compared. The results show that the construction “path verb + manner complement”, a typical structure for verb-framed languages such as Spanish, is used significantly less often by the learners compared with the natives. The results also indicate that L1 interference happens when expressing boundary crossing situations in Spanish by the learners, since they tend to use a Manner of motion verb.
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Leclercq, Pascale. "The Acquisition of Verbal Epistemic Stance Marking during Study Abroad: The Case of je pense in L2 French." Languages 6, no. 4 (November 29, 2021): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages6040196.
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Epistemic stance markers, such as je pense in French, take on a variety of discursive functions, ranging from asserting an opinion, indicating the source of information, and mitigating a claim, to pragmatic functions, such as gaining time for discourse planning. Previous research suggests that the epistemic marker je pense is mostly used in French conversation to express opinions and can be used as an indicator of the development of a learner’s assertiveness and pragmatic competence during a study abroad period. Using a functional approach, this paper seeks to find out the extent to which study abroad fosters the development of assertiveness and pragmalinguistic competence among L2 learners, through an analysis of stance marking in interview data from 26 Anglophone learners of French, who spent nine months abroad in a French-speaking country, and 10 French native speakers. The results show that learners are globally less assertive in their use of je pense than native speakers, particularly prior to departure, and that they develop pragmatic uses of je pense, thereby showing a development in their interactional strategies. Finally, the high inter-variability in the way learners used je pense suggests the importance of personal style.
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Hamzan, Muhammad Izzuddin, Mohamad Jeremi Jeffrey, and Ahmad Sukari Halim. "Illicit Penile Augmentation: A Short Review in a Single Institution." Ukrainian Journal of Nephrology and Dialysis, no. 1(65) (January 14, 2020): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31450/ukrjnd.1(65).2020.02.
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Illicit penile augmentation is thought to be a common practice in Southeast Asia. This article aimed to explore the demographics of the patient who had illicit penile augmentation, its complications, surgical methods employed for removal as well as the long-term outcome following treatment, specifically on sexual satisfaction.
Method. Records of patients with a penile foreign body to the Reconstructive Science Unit were retrieved. Demographics, presenting symptoms, surgical methods and outcomes were recorded and analyzed.
Results. A total of 14 patients was identified. The median age at implantation and duration is 36 years old and 48 months respectively. The penile subdermal injection was the sole method utilized with the use of liquid silicone in 7 patients. Constant pain, painful erection, and discomfort were common symptoms (42.8%). All patients underwent surgical excision followed with either native (penile skin) full-thickness skin graft (FTSG), distant donor FTSG or primary closure. Five out of 7 patients report improved sexual satisfaction post-surgery.
Conclusion. This report demonstrated two groups of men with distinct age, duration of implant and possibly differing motivation for penile augmentation. The various complications presented stem from inflammation and scarring. Distant FTSG donor has a superior take rate compared to native FTSG. Long term outcome following treatment on sexual well-being is generally good. Illicit penile augmentation is generally unsafe, however, a large-scale study is required to establish the prevalence of the practice.
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Albuquerque, Renan, and Fabrício Vasconcelos. "A escrita indígena amazônica: comunicação nativa para pensar questões da atualidade." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 1 (January 5, 2022): e21311124790. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i1.24790.
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A meta foi descrever práticas comunicacionais de escritores indígenas do Instituto Wewa'a, sediado em Manaus/AM, região norte do Brasil, para disseminarem suas obras e seus saberes e conhecimentos ancestrais. No referencial teórico abordados, ressaltamos a identificação de autores e autoras que tratam sobre etnomidialogia e literatura nativa, bem como a quem ela é destinada e como se delimitam os conteúdos produzidos. A pesquisa foi qualitativa e transversal, observando implicações que estejam servindo como conjuntos de estratégias para que o Instituto Wewa'a projete visibilidades no contexto amazônico e nacional. Foram realizadas discussões referentes a formações de parentesco e concepções ancestrais influenciam nessa literatura, que em verdade é uma literatura amazônica, nativa, cosmológica. Nos escritos, debate-se acerca da relevância atribuída a um ser mítico ou vivo, que se acredita ser um “pai/guia”, orientador de uniões clânicas, segue linha que incide na formação da narrativa. Por isso, concluímos que existem vieses informacionais e comunicacionais importantes de serem considerados no contexto da escrita amazônica.
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Fonkoué, Ramon A. "De l’insularité à la globalité : subjectivité et discours humaniste chez Édouard Glissant." Francophonies d'Amérique, no. 33 (June 13, 2013): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1016371ar.
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La trajectoire intellectuelle d’Édouard Glissant aura été le reflet d’un engagement qui, à l’origine insulaire, dépassa vite les confins de sa Martinique natale, débouchant sur un projet humaniste original. Si les premiers écrits de Glissant prennent un accent fanonien dans l’urgence du sujet colonial de s’affirmer, la maturation de sa pensée dénote cependant une réévaluation du discours de Fanon, de même qu’un rejet de l’humanisme rationaliste de la Modernité auquel Aimé Césaire adhéra. Progressivement, le « lieu » (terre natale) devient la matrice à partir de laquelle s’élabore la « poétique de la relation » qui ouvre sur le monde, porteuse d’un nouvel humanisme.
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Lewis, Earl. "La Constitution des Américains Africains Comme Minorité." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 52, no. 3 (June 1997): 569–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ahess.1997.279586.
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Si j’ a i tant écrit sur ma condition de Noir, ce n'est pas que je considérais tenir là mon seul et unique sujet, mais parce qu'il me fallait déverrouiller cette porte avant de pouvoir espérer écrire sur un autre thème. Je ne pense pas que l'on puisse véritablement débattre du problème noir aux États-Unis sans avoir à l'esprit son contexte ; par contexte, j'entends l'histoire, les traditions, les coutumes, les valeurs morales et les préoccupations nationales. James Baldwin,Notes of a Native Son,Boston, Beacon Press, 1955. Rééd. 1988, p. 8.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pensée native"
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Chevallier, Jennifer Geneviève. "L’empreinte du chamane : le souffle de la pensée chamanique dans l’art contemporain des Premières Nations au Canada. Essai de sociologie de l’art entre 1990 et 2010." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030025.
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Le chamanisme, exprimé dans l’art contemporain des Premières Nations du Canada, opère comme un puissant marqueur ethnique. Il symbolise l’espace sacré où se joue la résistance culturelle, avec les engagements politiques qui la sous-tendent. Il représente aussi un référent identitaire. L’analyse de ce courant esthétique actuel soulève des questions essentielles : de quelle manière le chamanisme est-il abordé par les artistes, à la fois comme concept et comme pratique artistique ? Quelle est la mission de l’art d’inspiration chamanique contemporain, du point de vue de son rôle social, en tant que gardien de l’identité et de la spiritualité mais aussi comme catalyseur du processus de guérison collective et individuelle ? Dans le contexte artistique postmoderne, le chamanisme peut être considéré comme une source de pouvoir et d’inspiration, une terre sacrée que les artistes autochtones explorent avec détermination. En puisant dans les racines profondes de la tradition, et en s’engageant dans une expérience moderne, les artistes se donnent pour mission de raviver la sagesse des anciens et de se relier à la cosmogonie autochtone.Leur pratique a pour but de réduire le clivage psychique entre nostalgie des origines et indianité contemporaine. Ainsi, le statut d’hybridité donne naissance à une force de transformation d’une grande créativité. Cette thèse analyse les enjeux philosophiques et politiques auxquels l’art d’inspiration chamanique est confronté, en s’appuyant sur un point de vue anthropologique et esthétique. Après un rappel du contexte socio-historique canadien, nous abordons les deux missions essentielles des chamanes de l’art : la réécriture de l’histoire et la reconquête de leur identité, qui dessinent, à travers la reconnaissance de leur différence, l’architecture d’une nouvelle AmérindieShamanism in contemporary native art in Canada is becoming one of the most relevant ethnic markers. It is the sacred place, the major source for cultural resistance, with strong roots and political implications underneath. It works as a powerful identity referent. As we analyse the aesthetic phenomenon from a modern perspective,different issues are emerging : how shamanism is acknowledged, both as a concept and as a practice by the First Nations artists ? Which social functions and philosophical involvements are assumed by the contemporary “shamanic art”, considering its symbolic part as the keeper of identity and spirituality, or/and performed or seen as a healing process ?In the postmodern artistic context, shamanism may be considered as an essential source of power and inspiration, a sacred land that most of the native artists are now exploring, defining therefore a new ontology. From the deep roots of the traditional knowledge, their legacy, and through their own contemporary experiment, these artists are trying to bring back the original wisdom in order to reconnect themselves with the native cosmogony and consequently, to reduce the psychic schism between traditionalism’s nostalgy and contemporary indianness (nativeness). Therefore the status of “betweenness”, that is specifically attributed to the native artists, is shifted into a power of creative transformation. This thesis analyses the process of shamanistic inspiration in contemporary native art, through the philosophical and political issues as well as with an anthropological and aesthetics point of view. The historical and sociological contexts are explored before defining th! e two main missions of the “Shamen of Art” : the rewrighting of the History and the Conquest of Identity, drawing through the recognition of their alterity, the architecture of a new “Amerindia”
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Garcia, Renaud. "Nature humaine et anarchie : la pensée de Pierre Kropotkine." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00776417.
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L'ambition qui préside à l'élaboration de ce travail est double : d'abord confronter une lecture précise de Kropotkine (1842-1921) à ce qu'en dit le post-anarchisme, lequel se fait fort de renouveler la compréhension de l'anarchisme à l'aide des outils légués par les auteurs post-modernes français ; ensuite reprendre le dossier de l'antinaturalisme dans la critique sociale. Nous soutenons dans cette thèse que loin de manifester une impasse pour tout discours qui voudrait dessiner les voies d'un changement radical de société, la notion de " nature humaine " telle que l'emploie Kropotkine offre de nombreux outils pour œuvrer dans cette direction. À la fois géographe et évolutionniste, Kropotkine ouvre la nature humaine en direction de la nature globale, et plus précisément du legs coopératif de l'évolution des espèces, à l'inverse de toute crispation essentialiste. C'est sur ce legs sans cesse retravaillé en fonction des contextes dans lesquels l'humain est conduit à vivre qu'il convient de s'appuyer pour contrer les effets de réductionnismes ruineux tels que le darwinisme social ou la sociobiologie. Conformément à la dimension fondationnaliste de la pensée de Kropotkine, la thèse s'organise de manière systématique autour de la notion de " nature humaine ". Après avoir posé les bases scientifiques de l'anarchie (I) nous travaillons les thèmes darwiniens de l'œuvre kropotkinienne (II). Le socle théorique est alors consistant afin d'établir des conséquences pratiques, du côté de la politique, de l'économie et de l'urbanisme (III). À l'intérieur du contexte ainsi défini, c'est aux réalisations supérieures de la morale et de l'art que nous finissons par nous intéresser (IV).
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Fayolle, Azélie. "Ernest Renan : savoirs de la nature et pensée historique." Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC2055.
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Inscrite dans le sillage de l’épistémocritique, cette thèse se propose d’étudier les rapports entre histoire et sciences naturelles dans l’ensemble du corpus d’Ernest Renan. Les sciences naturelles ne sont pas, pour l’historien, une préoccupation de premier plan : elles restent cependant, tout au long de ses travaux, un modèle méthodologique constant. Cette thèse vise ainsi à reconstituer l’élaboration du modèle de pensée que représentent pour lui les sciences naturelles, modèle qui remplace progressivement dans ses notes de travail celui des sciences physiques. La première partie de ce travail reconstitue la pensée de la « science idéale », ainsi que son application en une « science positive », pensée que Renan a développée dans L’Avenir de la science (1848, 1890) et dans de nombreux articles. En élaborant une classification des sciences, Renan se fait un des fondateurs des « sciences de l’humanité », tout en favorisant un dialogue interdisciplinaire. La deuxième partie retrace ensuite les méthodes historiques et philologiques de Renan en les replaçant dans le contexte des avancées naturalistes de la période. Ainsi, de l’embryogénie à la philologie comparée, inspirée de l’anatomie comparée de Cuvier puis de Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, les sciences naturelles constituent pour Renan un réservoir d’outils méthodologiques. Cette reconstitution des méthodes de l’historien débouche sur une analyse des métaphores employées par Renan : l’embryon, mais aussi le germe ou la propagation, construisent patiemment une histoire des religions remotivée par les avancées scientifiques du XIXe siècle, comme la découverte des virus. La troisième partie ressaisit l’idée de nature sous-jacente dans les textes de Renan, pour interroger la fabrique de l’histoire et le statut du document pour l’historien. Renan est le premier en France à réaliser une étude sécularisée et scientifique des textes sacrés, dont la Bible. Ce projet sulfureux le conduit à élargir la notion de document : le texte sacré devient une source pour le philologue, comme la nature et les paysages eux-mêmes. La production du document par l’historien n’est pas en reste : la question du statut du texte de l’historien, faits de conjectures et d’hypothèses, conduit Renan à développer une épistémologie historienne et scientifique qui interroge le statut de la fiction, placée dans ses Dialogues philosophiques (1876) entre les certitudes, les probabilités et les rêves. L’exemple du corpus renanien permet ainsi non seulement un cas pratique d’épistémocritique, mais un approfondissement des théories de la métaphore et de la fiction dans le contexte de textes scientifiques. La péremption des modèles de pensée et des images de Renan crée en effet d’estrangement, dont la métaphoricité se fait plus sensibleIn the tradition of epistemocriticism studies, this thesis aims to assess the relationship between history and natural sciences in Ernest Renan’s complete works. Although natural sciences are not the historian’s main concern, they represent a constant methodological frame of reference throughout his works. This research summarizes Renan’s philosophy of a “science idéale” (“ideal science”) and its application to “science positive” (“positive science”), which he developed in his essay The Future of Science (1848, 1890), as well as in many articles. By proposing a classification of sciences, Renan is one of the founders of the “sciences of humanity.” He also encourages interdisciplinarity between different areas of knowledge. The second part of this thesis covers Renan’s historical and philological methods in the context of natural sciences achievements during that time. Thus, comparative embryology and philology, inspired by Cuvier and Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire’s comparative anatomy, provide a set of methodological tools. The explanation of the historian’s methods is complemented by an analysis of his metaphors: such words as embryo, germs or propagation are used to build a history of religions, echoing the evolution of sciences in the 19th century, such as the discovery of the virus. The third part investigates the underlying idea of nature in Renan’s texts in order to question the fabric of history and the status of the documents according to the historian. Renan is the first in France to realize a secularized and scientific study of sacred texts, such as the Bible. This sulfurous project leads him to broaden the document definition: according to the philologist, if the sacred text becomes a source of knowledge, so do nature and the landscapes themselves. The production of the historian’s document is not forgotten: the status of the text, made of conjectures and hypotheses, leads Renan to develop a historian and scientific epistemology, which questions the definition of fiction, placed in his Philosophical Dialogues (1876) somewhere between certainties, probabilities and musings. The example of Renan’s works presents not only a practical case for epistemocriticism studies, but also a way to improve theories of metaphor and fiction in scientific texts. The lapse of Renan’s models and pictures creates an effect of estrangement, and makes the metaphoricity of his texts more appreciable
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Techer, Julien. ""Faites par la pensée ce que nature fait quelquefois" : les usages de l'expérience de pensée au XVIIIe siècle." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE3060.
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Ce travail interroge la valeur du syntagme « expérience de pensée » rapporté aux textes de philosophie et d’histoire naturelle du dix-huitième siècle. La prégnance de ce syntagme, tant dans la littérature critique que dans son usage oral spontané ne doit pas occulter sa quasi-absence littérale au XVIIIe siècle, qui lui préfère d’autres noms : l’« investigation » rousseauiste, le « problème » de Molyneux ou les « expériences philosophiques » de Mérian. C’est donc le besoin de trouver le lien manquant entre cette quasi-absence littérale et cette volonté commune de caractériser conceptuellement certains procédés dix-huitiémistes en « expériences de pensées » qui motive notre recherche. À travers un corpus étendu mais représentatif (Lamy, Locke, Fontenelle, Condillac, Buffon, Rousseau, Diderot, Mérian, Fortis) nous analysons les procédés qui légitiment ou non le recours à l’expérience de pensée, en spécifiant les textes par une typologie nouvelle, fondée sur le rapport aux concepts de nature et de possibilité. À partir d’une étude générale du concept d’expérience de pensée, nous analysons son emploi à la charnière des XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles, par le renouveau des arts de bien penser et parler, puis à travers son importance dans les discussions scientifiques et philosophiques. Nous procédons à l’application typologique de ce qu’il nous semble nécessaire de nommer des espèces de l’expérience de pensée (imaginaire, hypothétique ou conjecturale, projective et extravagante) afin de mettre en évidence les ressorts connus du procédé, à savoir son scénario, sa vocation cognitive et son usage de l’imagination, tout en proposant d’autres données conceptuelles du travail d’écriture et de lecture de l’expérience de pensée : la place conférée à la fiction, l’usage des personnages et la fonction d’un lecteur capable d’expérimenter en pensée de manière rigoureuse et ludiqueThis work questions the value of the phrase “thought experiment” related to the texts of philosophy and natural history of the eighteenth century. The importance of this phrase, both in critical literature and in its spontaneous oral use, should not overshadow its literal quasi-absence in the eighteenth century, which prefers other names: Rousseau’s “investigation”, the “problem” of Molyneux or the “philosophical experiments” of Merian. It is thus the need to find the missing link between this quasi-literal absence and this common desire to characterize conceptually certain eighteenth-century processes in “thought experiments” that motivates our research. Through an extensive but representative corpus (Lamy, Locke, Fontenelle, Condillac, Buffon, Rousseau, Diderot, Mérian, Fortis) we analyze the processes that legitimize or not the use of thought experiment, by specifying the texts by a new typology, based on the relationship to the concepts of nature and possibility. Based on a general study of the concept of thought experience, we analyze its use at the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries, through the renewal of the arts of thinking and speaking well, and then through its importance in scientific and philosophical discussions. We proceed to the typological application of what it seems necessary to name species of the thought experiment (imaginary, hypothetical or conjectural, projective and extravagant) in order to highlight the known springs of the process, namely its scenario, its cognitive vocation and its use of the imagination, while proposing other conceptual data of the work of writing and reading the thought experiment: the place conferred on fiction, the use of characters and the function of a reader able to experiment in thought in a rigorous and playful way
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Rieucau, Jean Nicolas. "Nature et diffusion du savoir dans la pensée économique de Condorcet." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010092.
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Au même titre que Voltaire pour ce qui concerne la justice et les lettres et que Turgot en matière d'économie et de politique, D'Alembert est traditionnellement considéré comme le mentor de Condorcet dans les sciences et les mathématiques. Pour autant, l'influence du coéditeur de l'encyclopédie sur les idées économiques de Condorcet doit-elle être jugée marginale ? Justement pas : en partant d'une conception " mixte " des mathématiques qu'il partage avec D'Alembert et d'une interrogation sur les doutes probabilistes de ce dernier, Condorcet est amené à développer une théorie du choix en univers incertain qui dépasse le domaine classique des jeux de hasard ou des assurances pour s'étendre à celui de l'entreprise économique en tant que telle, qu'elle soit de culture, de commerce ou d'industrie. Ce faisant, il soumet le facteur risque à une formalisation probabiliste sans précèdent lorsqu'il envisage le profit perçu par l'entrepreneur. Par ailleurs, la réhabilitation par Condorcet de la portée praxéologique du calcul des probabilités, ruinée par d’Alembert, éclaire la singularité de certaines de ses réflexions en matière d'instruction publique, celles-ci étant étroitement liées à sa pensée économique. D'après Condorcet, seul l'enseignement de la doctrine des chances peut effectivement permettre à l'individu de donner à sa conduite économique une tournure rationnelleIn the same way than Voltaire as far as justice and litterature are concerned, and than Turgot in matter of economics and politics, d'Alembert has been traditionally considered as the mentor of condorcet in sciences and mathematics. For all that, is the influence of the joint publisher of the encyclopedie upon Condorcet's ideas in economics to be judged as a marginal one ? Precisely not : departing from a mixed conception of mathematics which he shares with d'alembert, and from a questioning upon probabilistic doubts of the latter, Condorcet has been induced to develop a choice theory under uncertainty which overtakes the classical field of chance games or of insurances, to extend to the domain of economical enterprise as such, whatsoever consisting in culture, commerce or industry. In doing this, he submits the factor of risk to an unprecedented probabilistic formalisation as he envisages the profit collected by the undertaker. Moreover, the rehabilitation by condorcet of the praxeology's significance of probability theory, which had been ruined by d'alembert, enlightens the peculiarity of some of his reflections in matter of public education, those being closely linked to his thought in economics. According to condorcet, only the teaching of doctrine of chances can actually enable individuals to give a rational turn to their economic behaviour
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Frémond, Emilie. "Le surréalisme au grand air. Inventaire et aventures d’une pensée de la nature." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040049.
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En partant de la volonté revendiquée dans le Manifeste du surréalisme de prolonger le supernaturalisme nervalien, on se propose d’examiner l’aventure d’une idée, depuis le congé qui lui est donné avec la liquidation d’une partie du romantisme français, jusqu’à sa réhabilitation à partir du milieu des années trente, en inventoriant les valeurs et les représentations que sa transformation induit dans l’évolution des discours et des productions artistiques du surréalisme, afin de montrer comment la conception de l’inconscient finit par rendre progressivement l’exploration de l’inconnu extérieur aussi nécessaire que celle de l’inconnu intérieur — l’enjeu étant d’arracher le surréalisme aux fictions qu’il a lui-même forgées pour les repenser dans un vaste panorama apte à saisir les contradictions du mouvement. Une enquête lexicale permet d’inventorier les modes de relation du sujet à la nature et de les relier ensuite aux contraintes de la poétique surréaliste. Les schèmes du métadiscours faisant apparaître une spatialisation de l’intériorité, on constate que les topiques exploratoires se recoupent dans un système de représentation qui emprunte aux sciences de la nature et donne lieu, par la pratique d’une morphologie comparée, à une anthropologie matérielle. L’étude des paysages réintroduit l’épreuve de la nature et permet en dernier lieu d’envisager de quelle manière, latente dans l’esthétique, elle devient manifeste dans la réflexion épistémologique et éthique du mouvementNot only could Giorgio de Chirico’s deserted squares and faceless dummies have fossilized surrealism into a metaphysics of dreams—as dalinian deserts did— but a part of the history and reception of Surrealism as well, so much so that nature has turned into a blind spot. This study aims to tear Surrealism away from the fictions it first created so as to rethink them into a comprehensive overview that could reveal the contradictions of a movement which might not have given up the nervalian supernaturalism whose spirit it meant to extend. The main issue of this work is to examine the adventure of a rejected notion through to its restoration to favour, by surveying the values and the representations that its changes lead to, in order to show to what extent the conception of the unconscious could paradoxically make the exploration of the outer unknown as essential as that of the inner unknown. After a lexical inquiry, we try to observe the different modes of relationship the subject entertains with nature, before linking them to the constraints of surrealist poetics. Studying the schemas of the metadiscourse makes it easier to perceive the spatialization of interiority and the way the topics of exploration can match in a combination of representations, which derives from natural sciences and gives rise to a material anthropology linked with comparative morphology. The review of surrealist landscapes allows to experience nature from a phenomenological standpoint and to ponder the way such a latent idea in surrealist aesthetic could become manifest in its ethical and epistemological thought
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Goffinet, Bruno. "Entre Kuma et Kune. Lectures socio-littéraires des rires romanesques dans la Collection « Monde noir poche », Hatier 1980-1988." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUL169.
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Afin de comprendre la structuration authentique du récit fictionnel africain, on peut détacher délicatement les strates du Sérieux apparent et de la Dérision réaliste de plusieurs mondes en révolution permanente. C’est la mission que s’est fixée cette thèse, au premier sens du terme « symbolique », dans la mesure où elle se confronte d’abord aux grandes théories du rire en littérature, en tant qu’action sociale partant d’une quête ésotérique native. Avançant dans la démystification de l’objet et du sujet écrivant/lisant en fin post-colonialisme trentenaire, on découvre une armature immémoriale de statuts initiés sans cérémonie, faite de princes déchus, de novices aveugles ou de sorcières mal aimées, qui suggèrent avec beaucoup d’autres une tentation : celle de distinguer, sous la page imprimée en coopération, une distribution de tragi-comédie inhumaine, survolée par l’Écrivain noir unique, guidé en ses enfers par un philosophe naturel. Dans cette recherche de l’ironique survie ancestrale, grâce à la risible contingence humaine, l’ordonnancement des signes africains dévoile à son tour la refondation d’un discours vieux comme le Cynisme historique, dévoyé par ses avatars pragmatiques-inertes, vite devenus machiavélismes éternels. À la lumière de cette lanterne romanesque en plein jour sociétal du sous-continent françafricain ténébreux, les rires spontanés ou cultivés, et des éclats plus subtilement enformulés trouvent un chemin à leur démarche supposée commune : promouvoir littérairement individus et collectivités dans un monde noir débarrassé de la barbarie innommable et sans un scrupule d’humour, sinon sadiqueSo as to unterstand the authentic structuration of the africain fictional story, strata can be gently removed from the patent Serious and the realistic Derision out of several universes on their permanent revolving orbit. It is the mission assumed by this thesis, by the first meaning of the word « symbolic », insofar as it first confronted with the great theories of laughter in literature as a social action coming from an esoteric native quest. Promoting demystification both of the writing and readind object and of the subject at the end of a thirty-year ood period of post-colonialism, an immemorial framework of initiated status can be discovered, made of deposed princes, blind novices or unloved witches. They suggest, along with many others, a temptation : to distinguish, under the page printed by cooperation, the casting of an inhuman tragicomedy overflew by the unique black Writer, guided throught his hells by a natural philosopher. In this research of the ironical ancestral survival, thanks to the risible human contingency, this arrangement of the african signs reveals in its turn the refoundation of a discourse as old as the historical Cynism. This has been misguided by its inert-pragmatic avatars, quickly transformed into permanent machiavellianisms. Under the illumining of this novelistic lantern, in the societal daylight of the dark franco-african subcontinent, the spontaneous or cultured laughters, and the more subtly expressed roarings, find a way for their supposed common approach : to literarily promote individuals and collectivities, in a black world freed from unspeakable barbarity, lacking in the least scruple of humour other than a sadictic one
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Herrmann-Aktas, Melis. "De la Nature à l'homme : la charnière éthique de la pensée schopenhauerienne." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAC025.
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Ce travail essaie de redécouvrir la pensée schopenhauerienne à travers les deux perspectives qu'elle présente : celle se centrant sur la Nature, l'autre sur l'éthique. Des forces cachées derrière les phénomènes naturels à l'intention cachée derrière les actions humaines, nous trouvons l'enjeu majeur de cette pensée comme la problématisation de la réalité par une réflexion sur la chose en soi kantienne. Ainsi, il faut d’abord reconsidérer les questions comme celles de la force, des Idées, de la vie, de la finalité, de l’instinct et de l'animal, pour rendre possible le passage vers une interrogation éthique encadrée par les questions de la liberté et du malThis work tries to rediscover the Schopenhauerian thought through the two perspectives that it presents: one focusing on Nature, the other on ethics. From the forces hidden behind natural phenomena to the hidden intention behind human actions, we find the major challenge of this thought as the problematization of reality by a reflection on the Kantian thing in itself. Thus, we must first reconsider issues such as strength, ideas, life, purpose, instinct and animal, to make possible the passage to an ethical interrogation framed by the questions of freedom and evil
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Peterschmitt, Luc. "Sciences de la nature et philosophie dans la pensée de George Berkeley." Lille 3, 2005. http://www.univ-lille3.fr/theses/PETERSCHIMITT_LUC/html/these.html.
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Nous examinons les relations entre sciences naturelles et philosophie chez Berkeley, dont la pensée s'articule autour de deux axes majeurs, une lutte contre le septicisme, et une apologétique. Ce double aspect de la pensée de Berkeley impose l'examen d'une relation à trois termes : les sciences, la philosophie (ou métaphysique) et l'apologétique, chacune se constituant en fonction de deux autres. Le problème posé par cette co-constitution est réglé par l'intervention d'un quatrième terme, la philosophie comme examen critique préalable, passant principalement par l'examen du langage. Contre le septicisme, Berkeley assure la vérité des sciences, ce qui impose que la métaphysique ne contredise pas les vérités scientifiques les mieux établies. Le second axe de la pensée de Berkeley impose toutefois de s'assurer que rien ne détourne les hommes de la religion, ce que la pratique des sciences peut pourtant faire. Dans les deux cas, la philosophie permet de résoudre le problème en montrant à quelles conditions les sciences peuvent prétendre à la vérité : elles ne connaissent que les lois naturelles, et non des causes. L'étude de la position de Berkeley à l'endroit de l'optique, de la mécanique et enfin de la chimie montre cependant que cette articualtion n'est produite qu'à la faveur de sa réflexion sur la chimie, seule science dont l'objet est suffisamment familier pour véritablement être intéressant et permettre de manifester la bienveillance divine envers les hommes. Il reste que, qu'il s'agisse de l'optique, de la mécanique ou de la chimie, cette pensée se cosntitue grâce à la mise en œuvre d'une philosophie des sciences - ou plutôt, une philosophie pour chaque science
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Mathis, Charles-François. "L'émergence d'une pensée environnementale en Angleterre au XIXe siècle." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040114.
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Dans les années 1830-1840, sous les effets conjoints de l'industrialisation et de l'urbanisation massive de l'Angleterre, et de la naissance d'une vision de la nature comme paysage, une conception particulière de l'environnement, que nous avons appelée "sentimentale", voit le jour. Théorisée par Wordsworth, elle est d'abord marginalisée dans le deuxième tiers du XIXe siècle, qui est pourtant une période importante de gestation du mouvement environnemental. C'est à partir des années 1870 que cette conception s'impose, à travers d'éclatantes victoires et la multiplication d'associations de défense de l'environnement, comme le National Trust. Mais ce succès amène le mouvement à s'interroger sur certaines de ses contradictions, et à se scinder en deux ensembles, celui des utopistes, refusant la civilisation industrielle et urbaine, et celui des réformateurs, qui cherchent seulement à en encadrer les effets sur l'environnementFollowing the industrialisation and urbanisation of England which started in the mid-18th century, and following the new vision of nature as a landscape, a "sentimental" conception of environment emerged in the 1830s-1840s. It was marginalised until 1870, but this period was nonetheless one of gestation of the environmental movement. From the 1870s onwards, the sentimental conception became pre-eminent in the country, due to the success of the environmental movement and the creation of new environmental organisations, such as the National Trust. But this success led the movement to question its own contradictions, and to be divided into two groups : the utopians, who refused the industrial and urban civilisation, and the reformists, who only wanted to check its impact on environment
Books on the topic "Pensée native"
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La pensée paysagère. Paris: Archibooks, 2008.
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Bitsakēs, Eutychēs I. La nature dans la pensée dialectique. Paris: Harmattan, 2001.
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Glacken, Clarence J. Histoire de la pensée géographique. Paris: Éditions du C.T.H.S., 2000.
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Lafont, Robert. La nation, l'Etat, les régions. Paris: Berg International, 1993.
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Giuseppe, Penone, and Forte di Belvedere (Florence, Italy), eds. Giuseppe Penone: Prospettiva vegetale. Firenze, Italy: Forma, 2014.
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Catanzaro, Gisela. Pensar la nación y repensar la crítica. Buenos Aires, Argentina: Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 2008.
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Bock, Michel. Quand la nation débordait les frontières: Les minorités françaises dans la pensée de Lionel Groulx. Montréal: Hurtubise HMH, 2004.
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Richard, Peduzzi, Lancioni Daniela, and Accademia di Francia (Rome, Italy), eds. Giuseppe Penone. Paris: Hazan, 2008.
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Carré d'art/Musée d'art contemporain de Nîmes., ed. Giuseppe Penone. Torino: Hopefulmonster, 1997.
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Penone, Giuseppe. Giuseppe Penone. [Paris?: Musée Rodin?, 1988.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Pensée native"
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Krauss, Werner, and KLL. "Diderot, Denis: Pensées sur l'interprétation de la nature." In Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL), 1–2. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05728-0_3404-1.
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Larcher, Pierre. "« Et Allah apprit à Adam tous les noms… » (Cor., 2, 31) : L’Origine du langage dans la pensée islamique." In The Origin and Nature of Language and Logic., 3–27. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols Publishers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.rpm-eb.5.119755.
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Goupil, Sylvie. "LA PENSÉE DU DEHORS COMME PENSÉE DU DEVENIR POLITIQUE." In Vers Deleuze. Nature, pensée, politique, 223–40. Presses de l'Université Laval, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1g247wb.11.
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Merleau-Ponty, Club. "13 - « Hors de la nation, point de salut »." In La Pensée confisquée, 225–37. La Découverte, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/dec.deref.1997.01.0225.
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Travis, Charles. "La nature sociale de la pensée." In Le mental et le social, 37–65. Éditions de l’École des hautes études en sciences sociales, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.editionsehess.12000.
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Laberge, Jean-Sébastien. "L’ONTOÉTHOLOGIE." In Vers Deleuze. Nature, pensée, politique, 23–50. Presses de l'Université Laval, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1g247wb.4.
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couture, Yves. "DIFFÉRENCE ET DÉMOCRATIE." In Vers Deleuze. Nature, pensée, politique, 265–94. Presses de l'Université Laval, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1g247wb.13.
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Olivier, Lawrence. "COMMENT DELEUZE LIT LA PHILOSOPHIE?" In Vers Deleuze. Nature, pensée, politique, 139–76. Presses de l'Université Laval, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1g247wb.8.
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Richard, Alexis. "LES STOÏCIENS DANS LOGIQUE DU SENS." In Vers Deleuze. Nature, pensée, politique, 177–98. Presses de l'Université Laval, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1g247wb.9.
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Olivier, Lawrence. "POSTFACE." In Vers Deleuze. Nature, pensée, politique, 355–62. Presses de l'Université Laval, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1g247wb.15.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Pensée native"
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Simões, Lucas Pinheiro, José Carlos Ferreira Souza, and Fernanda Reis Cintra. "ESTUDANTES NATIVOS DIGITAIS: CONSIDERAÇÕES ACERCA DO PERFIL DE APRENDIZAGEM E COMPETÊNCIA DIGITAL." In I Congresso Brasileiro de Educação a Distância On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar de Educação e Meio Ambiente, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51189/rema/882.
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Introdução: O presente trabalho trata-se de uma parcial de pesquisa de iniciação científica iniciada em 2020 e que têm como objetivo mapear o perfil tecnológico e o nível de competência digital de estudantes ingressantes de dois cursos técnicos integrados de uma instituição de ensino federal. Este resumo descreverá os procedimentos metodológicos adotados na pesquisa bibliográfica realizada para a conceituação do perfil da amostra investigada. Objetivo: Revisar na literatura especializada as principais contribuições sobre o perfil de aprendizagem e o desenvolvimento da competência digital de estudantes nativos digitais. Material e métodos: A pesquisa bibliográfica incluiu o levantamento de artigos em língua portuguesa em três bancos de dados especializados: Google Acadêmico, SciELO e Portal de Periódicos da CAPES. A busca booleana dos descritores "competência digital", "aprendizagem" e "nativo digital" nesses portais indicou a existência de uma literatura mais substancial em língua espanhola. Dessa forma, agregou-se ao estudo a base de dados da Fundação Dialnet. Foram selecionados os dez artigos mais próximos ao contexto da investigação. Resultados: Os textos selecionados arrazoaram sobre a forma como os nativos digitais pensam e processam as informações de modo diferente das gerações pré-digitais, bem como manejam ferramentas tecnológicas de forma mais intuitiva e fluida que seus predecessores. Entretanto, para alguns pesquisadores, essa familiaridade não é suficiente para afirmar que os nativos digitais fazem um uso competente dessas tecnologias. Nesse contexto influenciam diversos fatores, tais como a facilidade de acesso, o tempo de exposição e a motivação para o uso desses recursos. Conclusão: Nativos digitais possuem uma maior inclinação às tecnologias, mas ainda necessitam de parâmetros para aprender a apropriar-se desses recursos de forma mais competente e consciente. Cabe à instituição escolar adaptar-se e converter-se nesse espaço de estimulo e reflexão.
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CHIMENES, EDNA GAMBÔA, GUEROHN CAMILO ALVES PRATES, NELSON PEREIRA CASTANHEIRA, and NELIVA TEREZINHA TESSARO. "A LITERATURA ELETRÔNICA NA BNCC E O ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL NA MODALIDADE A DISTÂNCIA." In 27º CIAED Congresso Internacional ABED de Educação a Distância. Associação Brasileira de Educação a Distância - ABED, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17143/ciaed.xxviiciaed.2022.76419.
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O FOCO DESTA PESQUISA FOI O ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL NA MODALIDADE A DISTÂNCIA. AO SE PENSAR NA INTRODUÇÃO DA LITERATURA ELETRÔNICA NO PROCESSO DE CONSTRUÇÃO DA APRENDIZAGEM, É NECESSÁRIO, INICIALMENTE, RETOMAR O CONCEITO DE LETRAMENTO. PORÉM, AO PENSAR NA SOCIEDADE DA ERA DIGITAL, ESTE LETRAMENTO PASSA A SER ALGO MAIS AMPLO, ENGLOBANDO O AMBIENTE VIRTUAL, ONDE LETRAR VAI ALÉM DE SABER MANUSEAR UM COMPUTADOR OU APRENDER AS TÉCNICAS DE DIGITAÇÃO. AS APRENDIZAGENS DEVEM ASSEGURAR AO ESTUDANTE O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE DEZ COMPETÊNCIAS GERAIS, EM ÂMBITO PEDAGÓGICO, QUE COMPREENDEM OS DIREITOS DE APRENDIZAGEM E DESENVOLVIMENTO. A LITERATURA ELETRÔNICA, PREVISTA EM DIVERSAS HABILIDADES COLOCADAS NA BNCC, EM UMA NOTÁVEL PREOCUPAÇÃO DE QUE O APRENDIZADO SEJA SIGNIFICATIVO AO EDUCANDO, ESTANDO EM SINTONIA COM A TECNOLOGIA DA SOCIEDADE CONTEMPORÂNEA, SE UTILIZA DE TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS NA EDUCAÇÃO QUE DEVEM SER TRATADAS COMO UM MEIO OU SUPORTE PARA PROMOVER A APRENDIZAGEM. NESTA PERSPECTIVA, O INVESTIMENTO EM UM ENSINO INOVADOR E QUE PRIVILEGIE A TECNOLOGIA DIGITAL, AUXILIA NO PROCESSO DE PRÁTICA LEITORA, NECESSÁRIA AOS ALUNOS, EM ESPECIAL AO SE TRATAR DA ÁREA DAS LINGUAGENS. ISSO REVELA QUE O LETRAMENTO DIGITAL AINDA É ALGO QUE ESTÁ SENDO DESENVOLVIDO NÃO SÓ NOS AMBIENTES ESCOLARES, MAS, TAMBÉM, NOS EDUCANDOS, QUE APESAR DE SEREM CONSIDERADOS “NATIVOS DIGITAIS”, NÃO POSSUEM LIVRO ACESSO E/OU DOMÍNIO A TODAS ESSAS FERRAMENTAS MIDIÁTICAS.
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Klančar, Kaja, and Urška Vrabič Brodnjak. "Promotional packaging from carton of invasive alient plant." In 10th International Symposium on Graphic Engineering and Design. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of technical sciences, Department of graphic engineering and design,, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/grid-2020-p36.
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In this research, the design of innovative promotional packaging made of carton, which was made from the invasive, non-native acacia is presented. The entire planning process was based on the principle of ecological design. One of the main objectives was to create an innovative and versatile ecological product, a calendar that does not require any adhesive in its composition. The basic, mechanical, surface and structural properties of the ecological carton with a high grammage made of acacia compared them with the most commonly used one-side coated white cardboard made of wood fibres has been analysed. The result of this work is the environmentally friendly multi-purpose promotional packaging, the calendar, which could also be used as a storage place for pens and other office supplies.
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Nikolić, Aleksa. "O VIDOVDANSKOM USTAVU IZ NEKOLIKO PERSPEKTIVA." In 100 GODINA OD VIDOVDANSKOG USTAVA. Faculty of law, University of Kragujevac, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/zbvu21.079n.
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From the creation until the adoption of the Constitution of 1921 (the so-called Vidovdan Constitution), the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes wandered aimlessly in the constitutional provisional for almost three years. The Vidovdan Constitution finally established some kind of legal organization of the newly formed state. However, the subject of this paper will not be the analysis of social and political circumstances before and after the adoption of the Vidovdan Constitution, but the author will analyze different views on the Vidovdan Constitution from the pens of the most important Serbian, Croatian and Slovenian constitutional lawyers. In that way, through a comprehensive comparative legal analysis, a big step will be made towards shedding light on all the problems that burdened the newly formed kingdom from the start, and which were a stumbling block in building stable relations between Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. Based on the analysis of the mentioned different points of view on the Vidovdan Constitution, the author will point out the most controversial elements of the biggest names in the constitutional law of Serbia, Croatia and Slovenia and report certain conclusions about the nature and character of the Vidovdan Constitution.
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| estudi d’arquitectura, Nomarq. "ISH03. Benissa, Alicante. España." In 8º Congreso Internacional de Arquitectura Blanca - CIAB 8. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ciab8.2018.7401.
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Un remanso desde el que contemplar la naturaleza en un paisaje que tiene como telón de fondo al Mar Mediterráneo… se concibe la totalidad del territorio como materia de proyecto. Respetar al máximo el lugar, la naturaleza y potenciar al máximo la contemplación y disfrute de este entorno natural son los factores que determinan los puntos de partida en el diseño de esta vivienda. La idea de este proyecto nace de la propia morfología del lugar, proyectando desde y para el entorno. Bajo esta premisa se lleva a cabo la construcción de este edificio, supeditando el uso y la ubicación de la vivienda a la geometría de la parcela y adaptándose tanto a la orientación como a las vistas del solar. Proponemos una arquitectura de territorio, que la presencia de nuestra construcción impulse a imaginarse el lugar donde se erige. Un edificio que parezca estar fuertemente enraizado en el suelo, que de la impresión de ser una parte natural de su entorno. Como dice Peter Zumthor en su libro Pensar la Arquitectura: “Despierta toda mi pasión poder proyectar edificios que, con el correr del tiempo, queden soldados de esta manera natural con la forma y la historia del lugar donde se ubican.***A haven in which one can contemplate nature in a landscape with the Mediterranean Sea as backdrop... the entire territory is conceived as an additional material in the project. The respect to the settings and the surrounding nature, as well as maximizing both contemplation and enjoyment of this natural environment, are the key factors that determine the starting points in the design of this dwelling. The idea of this project arises from the own morphology of the site, designing from and for its setting. Under this premise, the construction of a detached house is carried out, subjecting the use and location of the house to the plot’s geometry and adapting it both to the site’s orientation and the views. We propose architecture of territory, that the presence of our construction impels us to imagine the place where it is erected. A building that seems to be strongly rooted in the ground, that give us the impression of being a natural part of its environment. As Peter Zumthor says in his book Thinking Architecture: “It awakens all my passion to project buildings that, with the passage of time, remain anchored in this natural way with the form and history of the place where they are located
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Álvarez Gallego, Isabel, and Silvia Blanco Agüeira. "Estrellas sobre fondos cambiantes: convocando la luz." In LC2015 - Le Corbusier, 50 years later. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/lc2015.2015.980.
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Resumen: Tras crear y desarrollar durante siete años diecinueve poemas manuscritos, que hoy en día son considerados síntesis de su pensamiento, Le Corbusier publicó en 1955 su Poème de l´Angle Droit. Al estudiar este poema reconocemos en él los principales temas presentes en su trayectoria, así como algunos elementos —la espada, la nube y la estrella— que aparecen en su obra pictórica y arquitectónica. La presente comunicación pretende desvelar las conexiones que se establecen entre uno de estos elementos en concreto, como es la imagen de la estrella, y su incorporación al proceso de proyecto lecorbusieriano. Se trata de analizar cómo este tema, que se repite de forma obsesiva, configura imágenes que permanecen en las estrategias arquitectónicas que llevó a cabo el maestro suizo. La estrella habla de faro, de guía, de motor dentro de un proceso de viaje. Es el elemento que representa la movilidad del cosmos, que rige ese carácter de repetición ligado al arte; una señal que guía al viajero y define el itinerario que deben seguir sus pasos, que nos hace pensar en una brillante luz y en la distancia entre lo real y lo imaginado. Y, sobre todo, es la referencia presente en edificios, que condensaban así reflexiones que daban coherencia y unidad a las distintas opciones del proyecto. Abstract: Following a seven year period dedicated to the creation and development of nineteen manuscript poems, which today are considered a synthesis of his thinking, in 1955 Le Corbusier published his Poème de l´Angle Droit. The study of this poem reveals the principal themes that dominated his trajectory, as well as a series of elements, namely the sword, the cloud and the star, which appear in his pictorial and architectural work. This paper aims to shed light on the connections established between one of these elements in particular —the star— and its incorporation into Lecorbuserian method of architectural design. It seeks to analyse how this item is repeated obsessively, forming images which remain rooted in the architectural strategies developed by the Swiss architect. The star speaks of a lighthouse, a guide, a driving force that spurs on the journey. It is the element that represents the mobility of the cosmos, which governs the nature of repetition linked to art; a signal that guides the traveler and traces the route their steps must take them, leading us to think of a bright light and the distance that separates the real and the imagined. And above all, it is the reference in those buildings that condensed the reflections that gave coherence and unity to the various project options. Palabras clave: estrella; cosmos; proyecto; mirada; símbolo; proceso creativo. Keywords: star; cosmos; project; gaze, symbol; creative process. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.980
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n. v. santos, pedro henrique, and Regina Maria Prosperi Meyer. "LONGE DO EQUILÍBRIO." In Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Bogotá: Universidad Piloto de Colombia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.10154.
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The present article aims to explore some assumptions about how complexity operates more flexible approaches to urbanism. To this end, were analyzed theoretical productions and contemporary design strategies that eschew very deterministic and generalizing logics, thus admitting the possibility of characterizing cities as a system far-from-equilibrium. After characterizing such condition, some properties inherent to the complex nature of cities were defined, without very clear outlines. An indication – or arrangement - that makes possible to understand some alternatives of acting in the city, not in an imperative way, but recognizing its indeterminacies as project tools. They are: Interactions, which operate and engender dynamics, establishing constructive relations of new realities; Becoming, as an expression of the creative force, the possibilities of multiple and mutual fecundations; and Entropy, which reveals our ability to recognize the possibilities of a system facing off unpredictability and new arrangements.
Keywords: Complexity, Urban Design, Cities.
O urbanista italiano Bernardo Secchi (1934-2014), em diversas ocasiões, enfatiza sua preocupação com a simplificação do funcionamento urbano própria do Movimento Moderno e levanta a necessidade sobre um novo olhar para a cidade contemporânea que, ao mesmo tempo, opera maiores níveis de abstração e de precisão (SECCHI, 2006). As questões que orientam essa pesquisa estão relacionadas às contribuições das teorias sobre Complexidade, que, assim como para as ciências exatas e biológicas, apresentam para o campo das sociais um importante ferramental para a revisão de paradigmas deterministas e que enriquece as concepções de fenômenos considerados caóticos ou aleatórios. Buscamos investigar com quais pressupostos a Complexidade opera, analisando abordagens mais flexíveis, produções teóricas e estratégias projetuais contemporâneas que escampam das lógicas muito deterministas e generalizantes, admitindo assim a possibilidade de caracterizar as cidades como um sistema que não tende ao equilíbrio.
A noção de equilíbrio e a imagem da cidade-máquina e do planejamento controlador, desviaram o debate sobre as questões críticas essenciais e ajudou a manter a ilusão de um falso controle sobre a morfologia urbana e suas dinâmicas. A imagem de uma “boa” cidade – equilibrada – era, nessa ilusão, aquela que se apresentava homogênea, onde todas suas variações e diversidades pudessem ser controladas através, por exemplo, do zoneamento e da hipercodificação, ideia também refutada por Jane Jacobs em 1961. Com isso, a percepção de que o Planejamento Urbano deveria trabalhar buscando uma cidade estável e funcional começou a sobrecarregar não só sua teoria e prática, mas também a noção de que as cidades eram compreensíveis através de analogias com a ciência reducionista e as tecnologias industriais do passado. Após os anos 70, quando os objetivos do Planejamento Urbano passaram a ser refutados e as incertezas sobre as possíveis transformações teóricas e práticas que deveriam ser propostas para pensar as cidades, o mundo mudou (BATTY, 2012).
O químico Ilya Prigogine, ao propor sua tese sobre estruturas dissipativas e auto-organização de sistemas longe do equilíbrio, indica os problemas relacionados ao reducionismo, abrindo possibilidades para novos níveis de descrição e análise de diversos fenômenos do universo, chama a responsabilidade da física para além de comportamentos analisados em ambientes perfeitamente controlados, estáveis e previsíveis. Anuncia assim uma “nova ciência” capaz de interpretar os comportamentos evolutivos que escorregam entre as “malhas da rede científica” e leva em conta as incertezas e diversidades da natureza e seus eventos complexos, por vezes considerados, aos olhos deterministas, transitórios e sem importância. Interessa então entender concepções teóricas que permitem possibilidades menos duras, fechadas e estáticas de percepção dos espaços e suas dinâmicas.
Para tal, é preciso considerar que, em sistemas longe do equilíbrio como as cidades, sua evolução apresenta comportamentos e estados variados, de previsibilidade limitada. Como Prigogine insiste em dizer, nada mais natural, uma vez que estamos falando de um mundo real onde a “natureza apresenta-nos, de fato, a imagem da criação, da imprevisível novidade. Nosso universo seguiu um caminho de ramificações sucessivas: poderia ter seguido outros” (PRIGOGINE, 1996). Dada a impossibilidade de controlar seus desdobramentos, nos é disponível entender tal sistema através de seus “eventos e qualidades – transições de fase – resultantes de fluxos de matéria e energia que passam por eles. ” (BRISSAC, 2010).
Para a análise das estratégias projetuais proposta nessa pesquisa, viu-se a necessidade de definir algumas propriedades que oferecessem bases comparativas, reconhecer indícios pela qual algo prova pertencer a categorias não estabelecidas aqui. Tal definição não pretendem ter um contorno muito claro com função de predicados para esses projetos, muito menos uma lista fechada, mas uma indicação, um certo agenciamento/ agrupamento ou um reconhecimento de como “ se relacionar com a matéria - através de suas próprias tendências e não pela imposição de uma forma preestabelecida. ” (BRISSAC, 2010).
Considerando as características atribuídas aos sistemas complexos, definimos as seguintes propriedades: Interações, que operam, engendram – e são engendradas por – dinâmicas, influencias, perturbações, disputas e articulações, estabelecem relações construtivas de novas realidades, são linhas de forças que agem como combustível para trajetórias não-lineares de futuros incertos, trata-se, portanto de estratégias que entendam o projeto como síntese resultante das interações de múltiplos fatores, internos e externo; Devir, o "jorro efetivo de novidade imprevisível” (PRIGOGINE, 2009), de força criativa, o que está em vias de ser (vínculo com o futuro incerto), estratégias que, de uma forma ou de outra, tem como pressupostos a função de palco (que também faz parte do espetáculo) para possibilidades de fecundações múltiplas e mutuas, da força “comunicativa e contagiosa” – colocada por Deleuze e Guattari – que, sem códigos precedentes, constrói; e Entropia, a medida da probabilidade da ocorrência de eventos e da nossa habilidade em reconhecer possibilidades de determinado sistema face à imprevisibilidade de interações e novos arranjos resultantes, estratégias que assumem o carácter evolutivo das cidades, de configurações de “ajustes soltos” (ALLEN, 1999), menos codificada – ou de codificações muito abstratas – mas que de certa maneira apresentam condições para assimilar eventos, transformando-se, que assumem como premissa a tensão entre ordem e desordem e seu “ caráter provisório, instável e de sobreposições contínuas” (MEYER, 2003).
Palavras-chave: Complexidade, Projeto Urbano, Cidades.