Relevant bibliographies by topics / Pelvic floor dynamics

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Pelvic floor dynamics'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Pelvic floor dynamics"

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Gilyadova, Aida, Anton Ishchenko, Elena Puchkova, Elena Mershina, Viktor Petrovichev, and Igor Reshetov. "Diagnostic Value of Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dMRI) of the Pelvic Floor in Genital Prolapses." Biomedicines 11, no. 10 (October 20, 2023): 2849. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11102849.

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Pelvic organ prolapse is a chronic disease resulting from a weakening of the musculoskeletal apparatus of the pelvic organs. For the diagnosis of this pathology, it is insufficient to conduct only a clinical examination. An effective diagnostic tool is the method of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pelvic floor, which allows a comprehensive assessment of the anatomical and functional characteristics of the walls of the pelvis and pelvic organs. The aim of the study was to analyze the literature data on the possibilities and limitations of using dynamic MRI in pelvic organ prolapse. The widespread use of the dynamic MRI method is due to the high quality of the resulting image, good reproducibility, and the maximum ability to display the characteristics of the pelvic floor. Dynamic MRI of the small pelvis allows a comprehensive assessment of the anatomical and functional features of the pelvis, excluding the effect of ionizing radiation on the body. The method is characterized by good visualization with high resolution and excellent soft tissue contrast. The method allows for assessing the state of the evacuation function of visualized structures in dynamics. Simultaneous imaging of all three parts of the pelvic floor using dynamic MRI makes it possible to assess multicompartment disorders. The anatomical characteristics of the state of the pelvic organs in the norm and in the event of prolapse are considered. The technique for performing the method and the procedure for analyzing the resulting images are described. The possibilities of diagnosing a multicomponent lesion are considered, while it is noted that dynamic MRI of the pelvic organs provides visualization and functional analysis of all three parts of the pelvis and often allows the choice and correction of tactics for the surgical treatment of pelvic organ prolapse. It is noted that dynamic MRI is characterized by a high resolution of the obtained images, and the advantage of the method is the ability to detect functional changes accompanying the pathology of the pelvic floor.
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Constantinou, C. E., Q. Peng, R. Jones, I. Perkash, Y. Murayama, and S. Omata. "Dynamics of pelvic floor function." Journal of Biomechanics 39 (January 2006): S347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9290(06)84380-0.

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Rocca Rossetti, Salvatore. "Functional anatomy of pelvic floor." Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia 88, no. 1 (March 31, 2016): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/aiua.2016.1.28.

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Generally, descriptions of the pelvic floor are discordant, since its complex structures and the complexity of pathological disorders of such structures; commonly the descriptions are sectorial, concerning muscles, fascial developments, ligaments and so on. On the contrary to understand completely nature and function of the pelvic floor it is necessary to study it in the most unitary view and in the most global aspect, considering embriology, philogenesy, anthropologic development and its multiple activities others than urological, gynaecological and intestinal ones. Recent acquirements succeeded in clarifying many aspects of pelvic floor activity, whose musculature has been investigated through electromyography, sonography, magnetic resonance, histology, histochemistry, molecular research. Utilizing recent research concerning not only urinary and gynecologic aspects but also those regarding statics and dynamics of pelvis and its floor, it is now possible to study this important body part as a unit; that means to consider it in the whole body economy to which maintaining upright position, walking and behavior or physical conduct do not share less than urinary, genital, and intestinal functions. It is today possible to consider the pelvic floor as a musclefascial unit with synergic and antagonistic activity of muscular bundles, among them more or less interlaced, with multiple functions and not only the function of pelvic cup closure.
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Pinho, M., K. Yoshioka, J. Ortiz, M. Oya, and M. R. B. Keighley. "The effect of age on pelvic floor dynamics." International Journal of Colorectal Disease 5, no. 4 (December 1990): 207–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00303277.

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Knorn, Steffi, Damiano Varagnolo, Ernesto Oliver-Chiva, Reinhilde Melles, and Marieke Dewitte. "Data-driven modelling of pelvic floor muscles dynamics." IFAC-PapersOnLine 51, no. 27 (2018): 321–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.11.621.

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Blanco-Diaz, Maria, Ana Vielva-Gomez, Marina Legasa-Susperregui, Borja Perez-Dominguez, Esther M. Medrano-Sánchez, and Esther Diaz-Mohedo. "Exploring Pelvic Symptom Dynamics in Relation to the Menstrual Cycle: Implications for Clinical Assessment and Management." Journal of Personalized Medicine 14, no. 3 (February 23, 2024): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm14030239.

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Background: Pelvic floor dysfunctions (PFDs) encompass an array of conditions with discrepant classification systems, hampering accurate prevalence estimation. Despite potentially affecting up to 25% of women during their lifetime, many remain undiagnosed, underestimating the true extent. Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the impacts of the menstrual cycle on PFDs and dysfunctions. Secondary objectives included investigating differences between athletic and nonathletic women. Methods: An online questionnaire examined the effects of the menstrual cycle (MC) on 477 women’s pelvic symptoms (aged 16–63 years), stratified by athletic status. This ad hoc instrument built upon a validated screening tool for female athletes. Results: Most participants reported symptom fluctuations across menstrual phases, with many modifying or reducing exercise participation. A concerning number experienced daily undiagnosed pelvic floor symptoms, emphasizing needs for comprehensive medical evaluation. Conclusions: Exacerbated pelvic symptoms showed complex relationships with menstruation, highlighting the importance of considering the MC in customized clinical management approaches. Symptoms demonstrated differential links to menstruation, indicating needs for individualized evaluation and tailored treatment plans based on symptom profiles and hormonal interactions. Educating professionals and patients remains essential to enhancing awareness, detection, and therapeutic outcomes. Further controlled longitudinal research should elucidate intricate relationships between menstrual cycles and pelvic symptom variability.
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Bhattarai, Aroj, and Manfred Staat. "Modelling of Soft Connective Tissues to Investigate Female Pelvic Floor Dysfunctions." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2018 (2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9518076.

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After menopause, decreased levels of estrogen and progesterone remodel the collagen of the soft tissues thereby reducing their stiffness. Stress urinary incontinence is associated with involuntary urine leakage due to pathological movement of the pelvic organs resulting from lax suspension system, fasciae, and ligaments. This study compares the changes in the orientation and position of the female pelvic organs due to weakened fasciae, ligaments, and their combined laxity. A mixture theory weighted by respective volume fraction of elastin-collagen fibre compound (5%), adipose tissue (85%), and smooth muscle (5%) is adopted to characterize the mechanical behaviour of the fascia. The load carrying response (other than the functional response to the pelvic organs) of each fascia component, pelvic organs, muscles, and ligaments are assumed to be isotropic, hyperelastic, and incompressible. Finite element simulations are conducted during Valsalva manoeuvre with weakened tissues modelled by reduced tissue stiffness. A significant dislocation of the urethrovesical junction is observed due to weakness of the fascia (13.89 mm) compared to the ligaments (5.47 mm). The dynamics of the pelvic floor observed in this study during Valsalva manoeuvre is associated with urethral-bladder hypermobility, greater levator plate angulation, and positive Q-tip test which are observed in incontinent females.
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Dias, Nicholas, Yun Peng, Rose Khavari, Nissrine A. Nakib, Robert M. Sweet, Gerald W. Timm, Arthur G. Erdman, Timothy B. Boone, and Yingchun Zhang. "Pelvic floor dynamics during high-impact athletic activities: A computational modeling study." Clinical Biomechanics 41 (January 2017): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2016.11.003.

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Fogliata, Arianna, Franco Debernardi, and Alessandra Garassino. "Multifunctional role of the diaphragm: biomechanical analysis and new perspectives." MOJ Sports Medicine 7, no. 1 (January 23, 2024): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/mojsm.2024.07.00155.

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This study explores the complex role of the diaphragm, traditionally considered essential in respiratory physiology, expanding understanding of its multifunctionality. Beyond respiratory mechanics, the diaphragm contributes to postural stabilization, lumbar support, and regulation of intra-abdominal pressure (IAP). By analyzing the diaphragm's eccentric contraction, we introduce two innovative concepts: "Diaphragm Antagonist Muscles" (DAM) and "Centration". DAM represents an evolution of the abdominal belt concept, integrating the pelvic floor and lower posterior trunk muscles. This muscular synergy is vital for respiratory dynamics and functions such as posture and integrity of the musculoskeletal, pressure, and postural systems. Centration, proposed as a conscious modulation skill of IAP, activates a neurophysiological interaction between the diaphragm, lower posterior trunk muscles, and the pelvic floor, revealing new implications of the diaphragm in sports, health, and kinesiological contexts.
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Toktar, L. R., M. R. Orazov, I. A. Samsonova, Z. N. Kamarova, K. I. Li, V. E. Pak, and M. V. Krestinin. "New markers of pelvic organ prolapse." Voprosy ginekologii, akušerstva i perinatologii 22, no. 2 (2023): 98–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/1726-1678-2023-2-98-102.

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Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a very considerable problem not only due to its high prevalence, but also because of the significant decrease in the quality of life of women suffering from this disease. Given the high prevalence, pelvic floor disorders requiring plastic surgery are becoming an economic problem for public health. In recent decades, techniques for the treatment of pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) have evolved rapidly. However, the pathophysiology of this disease is still poorly understood, which may be the reason for inadequate, untimely, and sometimes ineffective treatment of POP. One of the important findings when analyzing the results of morphological and morphometric studies of the levator ani muscle in PFD and clinical forms of POP became the detection of significant fibrous degradation of the pelvic floor muscular compartment in all the examined samples. Objective. To search for promising biomarkers of muscular and connective tissue remodeling and the interaction of the muscular and fascial compartments of the pelvic floor to predict pelvic organ prolapse. According to the literature, we found at least three candidate markers for assessing the condition of the muscular-fascial compartment of the pelvic floor: tenascin C, hyaluronic acid (HA), and myofibroblasts (MFB). Tenascin C is a non-structural component of the extracellular matrix of both muscular and connective tissue. Its role in the regulation of inflammation pathways has been discovered in recent studies, but in our study, this protein is of interest as a marker of tissue remodeling in case of tissue damage. Hyaluronic acid is one of the most abundant glycosaminoglycans in the connective tissue of vertebrates. HA is ubiquitous in fascial tissue, but its content is particularly high in loose connective tissue and between muscles and deep fascia. In the fascia, HA is not only a key structural component of the extracellular matrix, but also a functional one. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of HA content in pelvic floor fasciae is likely to help more accurately assess the tissue state, identify the nature of myofascial interaction during the formation of the hernia gate and may be the key to determining the treatment tactics for the initial signs of PFD. Myofibroblasts are connective tissue cells that represent an intermediate link between fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells. Their main task is to increase the basal tone and rigidity of the fascia and ensure proper muscular-skeletal dynamics. Normally, this tension is not enough for significant changes in musculature biomechanics, but persistent “hypertonicity” of the fascia quite quickly led to the formation of pathological contractures, which limited the motor activity of the underlying muscles. Thus, it can be assumed that myofibroblasts participate in the process of healing and remodeling of the fascial compartment. And the search for MFB in biopsy specimens of the levator ani muscle in patients with PFD can shed light on connective tissue dysplasia as the most controversial component of POP development. Conclusion. To date, the problem of pelvic organ prolapse remains unresolved in modern gynecology. When studying the literature, it became evident that determining the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the myofascial complex of the pelvic floor is necessary to gain a comprehensive picture of the disease. Although the significance of markers in predicting pelvic organ prolapse has not yet been investigated, we express optimistic expectations to find an ideal biomarker of the rate of PFD and POP development, improving knowledge about the pathogenesis of the disease. Key words: biomarkers, hyaluronic acid, myofibroblasts, pelvic organ prolapse, connective tissue, tenascin C
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pelvic floor dynamics"

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Ogier, Augustin. "La segmentation et la caractérisation des déformations d'organes à tissus mous à partir de l'IRM : applications à l'imagerie du muscle et à l'imagerie pelvienne." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AIXM0461.

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Le déploiement de méthodes d’anatomie computationnelle demeure limité pour l'exploration des organes à tissus mous, notamment dans le cadre des deux contextes applicatifs abordés dans cette thèse que sont l'étude des troubles du plancher pelvien et des maladies neuromusculaires via l'imagerie par résonance magnétique (IRM). Dans ces domaines, l'étape de segmentation est essentielle pour la caractérisation des altérations physiologiques au sein des organes d'intérêt. Le manque de méthodes automatiques robustes freine les recherches cliniques sur de larges populations. La première contribution de cette thèse a été le développement d'une approche de segmentation supervisée basée sur des méthodes de propagation par recalage difféomorphique d'images afin de simplifier la segmentation de séries d'images présentant une continuité d'informations entre ses images successives. En réduisant considérablement l'implication manuelle d'un opérateur et en fournissant un résultat robuste et précis, cette méthode a été validée pour la segmentation des muscles squelettiques ainsi que de la vessie dans des contextes pathologiques. Dans le versant musculaire de cette thèse, notre méthode a également été étendue pour le suivi longitudinal des patients et a directement été appliqué dans plusieurs études cliniques afin de caractériser différentes maladies neuromusculaires via des scores issus de l'IRM quantitative. Dans le contexte des troubles de la statique pelvienne, l'association de notre approche de segmentation avec des méthodes avancées d'imagerie dynamique et de recalage de points a permis la première visualisation dynamique 3D d'organes pelviens pendant un exercice de charge
The deployment of computational anatomy methods remains limited for the exploration of soft tissue organs, especially in the two application contexts discussed in this thesis, namely the study of pelvic floor disorders and neuromuscular diseases via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In these domains, the segmentation step is essential to allow the characterization of physiological alterations occurring within the organs of interest. The high phenotypic variability in these pathologies has so far limited the development of robust automatic segmentation methods, limiting clinical research on large populations. The main contribution of this thesis was the development of a supervised segmentation approach based on diffeomorphic image registration propagation methods to simplify the segmentation of image series presenting a continuity of information between successive images. By considerably reducing the manual involvement of an operator and by providing a robust and accurate result, this method has been validated for the segmentation of skeletal muscles as well as the bladder in pathological contexts. In the muscular aspect of this thesis, our segmentation method has also been extended for the longitudinal follow-up of patients and has been directly applied in several clinical studies in order to characterize different neuromuscular diseases via the extraction of scores from quantitative MRI. In the context of pelvic statics disorders, the combination of our segmentation approach with advanced dynamic multiplanar imaging and point cloud registration methods has allowed the first dynamic 3D visualization of pelvic organs during loading exercises
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Lovegrove, Jones Ruth Cerian. "Dynamic evaluation of female pelvic floor muscle function using 2D ultrasound and image processing methods." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2010. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/157609/.

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The aim of this study was to define new quantitative parameters of dynamic Pelvic Floor Muscle (PFM) function using 2D transperineal (TP) ultrasound imaging combined with image processing methods (IPM). Ultrasound and digital vaginal data were obtained from a volunteer convenience sample of 23 continent and 9 Stress Urinary Incontinent (SUI) women recruited from the San Francisco Bay Area community, California, U.S.A. Two methods of IPM were used; speckle tracking for measuring displacement of the ano-rectal angle (ARA) and symphysis pubis (SP); and segmentation IPM for measuring displacement of the urethra. Good to excellent inter and intra observer reliability was established for processing the ultrasound images on stored audio-visual imaging files (AVI). Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values: 0.61 to 0.99; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.08→0.84 to 0.97→0.99; standard error of measurement (SEM) 0.01to 0.25 cm. There was good agreement between measures on Bland and Altman analysis: mean difference 0.06 to -0.21 cm; 95% CI 0.02→0.45cm to -0.01→0.20cm. Validity of the IPM was confirmed with digital palpation, and furthermore indicated good sensitivity and specificity. Technical and methodological limitations of the IPM, and suggestions for future studies were discussed. Several research questions were addressed using TP ultrasound combined with IPM that enabled the dynamic evaluation of pelvic floor (PF) displacement throughout an entire manoeuvre, rather than limiting the quantification from static images at rest to the end of the manoeuvre. In this way, IPM determined unique quantitative data regarding the automatic displacement, velocity and acceleration of the ARA and urethra during a cough, Valsalva, voluntary PFM contraction, The Knack and a Transversus Abdominis contraction. During automatic events that raised intra-abdominal pressure (IAP), normal PFM function produced timely compression of the PF and additional external support to the urethra, reducing the displacement, velocity, and acceleration. In women with SUI, who have weaker urethral attachments, this shortening contraction did not occur; consequently, the urethra of women with SUI moved further and faster for a longer duration. Caution regarding the generalisability of this study is warranted due to the small number of women in the SUI group and the significant difference in parity between groups. However this non-invasive physiological measurement tool demonstrated a new way of assessing the PFM. It is envisaged that this study will provide the foundation for future studies with larger parity matched populations and eventually improve the rehabilitation of women with SUI and other PF disorders.
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Chen, Chia-ho, and 陳家禾. "Integration of Wireless EMG and Position Detection System for Assessing Dynamic Control of Pelvic Floor Muscles." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60156672880292076509.

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碩士
國立成功大學
醫學工程研究所碩博士班
95
Women with incontinence and urinating difficulties might be caused by dysfunction of pelvic floor muscles (PFM). However, most of current studies have been focused on force measurement and the relationship between muscle force of pelvic floor and severity of functional impairments in static posture evaluation. The aim of this study was to present the design of vaginal probe with wireless sensing capability for recording electromyography (EMG) of PFM and the position changes of vagina during voluntary PFM contraction. The EMG signals were recorded using bilateral electrodes of a custom modified FemiscanTM probe. The inertial sensors (accelerometer and gyroscope) were designed and placed inside the vaginal probe for detecting the displacement and the angular changes of probe with respect to pubic bone during the voluntary contraction of PFM. All recorded signals, both EMG and position, were transmitted wirelessly via low-power Bluetooth module which provided extra information about probe movement in the vagina. In addition, this wireless data acquisition design avoided the inconvenience of wire connection, especially under dynamic movements. Data were analyzed with respect to maximal voluntary pelvic floor contraction of three volunteer subjects. Our initial results show that even though both sides of PFMs work as a group but the contraction of the PFMs may be asymmetry. The trend of correct PFM contraction can be observed from the detected probe movement, such as inward lift, forward movement or right-left shift. Our wireless sensing device provides a novel tool to broaden our understanding of the coordination of bilateral PFMs and spatial characteristics of PFM contraction.
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Books on the topic "Pelvic floor dynamics"

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Pinho, Mauro de Souza Leite. The pelvic floor dynamics and the assessment of anal function. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1989.

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Berihanova, Rumisa, and Inessa Minenko. Complex non-drug correction of menopausal disorders in patients with metabolic syndrome. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1599004.

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The monograph is devoted to the complex non-drug correction of menopausal disorders in patients with metabolic syndrome in the period of menopausal transition. Modern ideas about menopausal and metabolic syndromes are presented, a review of modern approaches to their treatment is carried out. A complex personalized system of non-drug correction of functional disorders in patients with metabolic syndrome and menopausal syndrome of mild and moderate severity in the period of menopausal transition is presented, including preformed therapeutic factors (vibrotherapy, chromotherapy, aeroionotherapy, musicotherapy (melotherapy), aromatherapy), physical therapy with pelvic floor muscle training, drinking balneotherapy, vitamins and minerals against the background of lifestyle modification. The algorithm of dynamic clinical and laboratory examination of women with menopausal disorders of mild and moderate severity and metabolic syndrome in the period of menopausal transition has been developed, including a general clinical examination, assessment of alimentary, thyroid, psycho-emotional, gynecological, urological statuses, the state of the intestinal microbiota, the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary complex, biochemical blood profile, hemostasis, levels of markers of inflammation, assessment of the state of the musculoskeletal system, sexual function, allowing to get an idea of the state of mental and physical health of patients, evaluate the effectiveness of the complex of measures, optimize therapeutic tactics. It is addressed to a wide range of readers interested in women's health. It can be useful for students, postgraduates, teachers of medical universities, obstetricians, gynecologists, endocrinologists, cardiologists, specialists of restorative medicine.
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Book chapters on the topic "Pelvic floor dynamics"

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Petros, Peter. "Mapping the Dynamics of Connective Tissue Dysfunction." In The Female Pelvic Floor, 143–75. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05445-1_6.

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Petros, Peter. "Mapping the Dynamics of Connective Tissue Dysfunction." In The Female Pelvic Floor, 226–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03787-0_6.

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Petros, Peter. "The Anatomy and Dynamics of Pelvic Floor Function and Dysfunction." In The Female Pelvic Floor, 14–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05445-1_2.

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Petros, Peter. "The Anatomy and Dynamics of Pelvic Floor Function and Dysfunction." In The Female Pelvic Floor, 17–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03787-0_2.

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Constantinou, Christos E., Qiyu Peng, and Sadao Omata. "Visualization of the Dynamics of the Female Pelvic Floor Reflex and Steady State Function." In Computational Methods in Applied Sciences, 37–74. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0011-6_3.

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Constantinou, Christos E., Linda McLean, Ellen Kuhl, and Bertha Chen. "Imaging-Based Computation of the Dynamics of Pelvic Floor Deformation and Strain Visualization Analysis." In Advances in Visual Computing, 604–12. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17277-9_62.

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Walega, Piotr, and Maciej Walega. "Dynamic Graciloplasty." In Pelvic Floor Disorders, 483–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40862-6_38.

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Ratto, Carlo. "Dynamic Graciloplasty." In Pelvic Floor Disorders, 331–35. Milano: Springer Milan, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1542-5_43.

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Reiner, Cäcilia S., and Khoschy Schawkat. "Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Pelvic Floor Pathologies." In Pelvic Floor Disorders, 653–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40862-6_51.

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Schawkat, Khoschy, and Cäcilia S. Reiner. "Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Pelvic Floor: Technique and Methodology." In Pelvic Floor Disorders, 179–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40862-6_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Pelvic floor dynamics"

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Celik, Ismail B., Asaf Varol, Coskun Bayrak, and Jagannath R. Nanduri. "A One Dimensional Mathematical Model for Urodynamics." In ASME/JSME 2007 5th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2007-37647.

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Millions of people in the world suffer from urinary incontinence and overactive bladder with the major causes for the symptoms being stress, urge, overflow and functional incontinence. For a more effective treatment of these ailments, a detailed understanding of the urinary flow dynamics is required. This challenging task is not easy to achieve due to the complexity of the problem and the lack of tools to study the underlying mechanisms of the urination process. Theoretical models can help find a better solution for the various disorders of the lower urinary tract, including urinary incontinence, through simulating the interaction between various components involved in the continence mechanism. Using a lumped parameter analysis, a one-dimensional, transient mathematical model was built to simulate a complete cycle of filling and voiding of the bladder. Both the voluntary and involuntary contraction of the bladder walls is modeled along with the transient response of both the internal and external sphincters which dynamically control the urination process. The model also includes the effects signals from the bladder outlet (urethral sphincter, pelvic floor muscles and fascia), the muscles involved in evacuation of the urinary bladder (detrusor muscle) as well as the abdominal wall musculature. The necessary geometrical parameters of the urodynamics model were obtained from the 3D visualization data based on the visible human project. Preliminary results show good agreement with the experimental results found in the literature. The current model could be used as a diagnostic tool for detecting incontinence and simulating possible scenarios for the circumstances leading to incontinence.
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Ferreira, Luis A., Francisco M. Araújo, Teresa Mascarenhas, Renato M. Natal Jorge, and António A. Fernandes. "Dynamic assessment of women pelvic floor function by using a fiber Bragg grating sensor system." In Biomedical Optics 2006, edited by Israel Gannot. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.646824.

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Brazález, Beatriz Navarro, María Torres Lacomba, Óscar Sánchez Méndez, and Beatriz Arranz Martín. "C0091 Dynamic transabdominal ultrasound: assessing the reduction of the pelvic floor displacement during the cough." In 2nd Rehabilitative Ultrasound Imaging Symposium in Physical Therapy, Madrid, Spain, 3–5 June 2016. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2018-099763.38.

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Brazález, Beatriz Navarro, María Torres Lacomba, Óscar Sánchez Méndez, and Beatriz Arranz Martín. "C0089 The abdominal and pelvic floor muscular response during a hypopressive exercise: dynamic transabdominal ultrasound assessment." In 2nd Rehabilitative Ultrasound Imaging Symposium in Physical Therapy, Madrid, Spain, 3–5 June 2016. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2018-099763.36.

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Wu, Jianfeng, Lijun Zhang, and Dejian Meng. "Ride Comfort Analysis of Seated Occupants Based on an Integrated Vehicle-Human Dynamic Model." In WCX SAE World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-01-0914.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Low-frequency vibration caused by road roughness while driving is transmitted to the human body through tires, suspension, and seats. Prolonged exposure of the human body to the vibratory environment will have an impact on ride comfort or even health issues. In order to investigate the vibration response of various segments of occupants while driving, a 15-DOF multi-body dynamic model depicting the shanks with feet, thighs, pelvis, torso with arms, and the head of occupants is established in the two-dimensional sagittal plane, which considers the contact between the occupant and the cushion, backrest headrest, and the vehicle floor simultaneously. The biodynamic parameters are obtained by fitting the published vibration experimental data based on an optimization algorithm. The previously proposed half-car model is incorporated into the human model to construct an integrated vehicle-human model for further ride comfort analysis. The bump road and the random road are respectively adopted as the displacement excitation of the model to simulate the vibration response of each segment of occupants. The contact stiffness and damping between the human body and seats are modified and a sensitivity analysis is performed to explore the influence of various seat parameters on ride comfort. By changing the speed of the vehicle, we investigate the discrepancies in ride comfort on a given road at different speeds. This study reveals the vibration characteristics of seated occupants, vehicles, and the integrated vehicle-human system, based on which a method for evaluating the ride comfort of occupants is established.</div></div>
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