Academic literature on the topic 'Pelvic exams'
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Journal articles on the topic "Pelvic exams"
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SALLADAY, SUSAN A. "Puzzled about pelvic exams." Nursing 33, no. 12 (December 2003): 24–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152193-200312000-00021.
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Palsgaard, Peggy, Rahul S. Yerrabelli, Ashkhan Hojati, and Elsa Whitmore. "Using a condom or glove to improve pelvic exam visualization: A guide." SAGE Open Medicine 10 (January 2022): 205031212211460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20503121221146069.
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Objectives: Pelvic exams are a cornerstone of gynecological care, necessary for both regular screenings and diagnostics. The collapse of lateral vaginal walls during a pelvic exam is a frequently encountered problem in clinical practice. Methods: Practitioners often utilize tools found in a typical clinical setting to counter this issue, such as a condom or glove over the speculum to prevent the lateral vaginal walls collapsing inward and obscuring cervical views. Results: These techniques have been passed down from mentor to mentee over the years, though scarcely described in literature. This article aims to provide instructions on how to use these two methods in clinical practice to improve pelvic exams for the practitioner and the patient. Conclusion: Utilizing a condom or glove to prevent lateral vaginal wall collapse has the potential to improve pelvic exams for both practitioners and patients.
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Tucker, Paula, and Dian Dowling Evans. "Are Pelvic Exams Necessary Anymore?" Advanced Emergency Nursing Journal 41, no. 4 (2019): 282–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/tme.0000000000000269.
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Magudia, Kirti, Christopher P. Bridge, Katherine P. Andriole, and Michael H. Rosenthal. "The Trials and Tribulations of Assembling Large Medical Imaging Datasets for Machine Learning Applications." Journal of Digital Imaging 34, no. 6 (October 4, 2021): 1424–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10278-021-00505-7.
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AbstractWith vast interest in machine learning applications, more investigators are proposing to assemble large datasets for machine learning applications. We aim to delineate multiple possible roadblocks to exam retrieval that may present themselves and lead to significant time delays. This HIPAA-compliant, institutional review board–approved, retrospective clinical study required identification and retrieval of all outpatient and emergency patients undergoing abdominal and pelvic computed tomography (CT) at three affiliated hospitals in the year 2012. If a patient had multiple abdominal CT exams, the first exam was selected for retrieval (n=23,186). Our experience in attempting to retrieve 23,186 abdominal CT exams yielded 22,852 valid CT abdomen/pelvis exams and identified four major categories of challenges when retrieving large datasets: cohort selection and processing, retrieving DICOM exam files from PACS, data storage, and non-recoverable failures. The retrieval took 3 months of project time and at minimum 300 person-hours of time between the primary investigator (a radiologist), a data scientist, and a software engineer. Exam selection and retrieval may take significantly longer than planned. We share our experience so that other investigators can anticipate and plan for these challenges. We also hope to help institutions better understand the demands that may be placed on their infrastructure by large-scale medical imaging machine learning projects.
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Magudia, Kirti, Christopher P. Bridge, Katherine P. Andriole, and Michael H. Rosenthal. "The Trials and Tribulations of Assembling Large Medical Imaging Datasets for Machine Learning Applications." Journal of Digital Imaging 34, no. 6 (October 4, 2021): 1424–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10278-021-00505-7.
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AbstractWith vast interest in machine learning applications, more investigators are proposing to assemble large datasets for machine learning applications. We aim to delineate multiple possible roadblocks to exam retrieval that may present themselves and lead to significant time delays. This HIPAA-compliant, institutional review board–approved, retrospective clinical study required identification and retrieval of all outpatient and emergency patients undergoing abdominal and pelvic computed tomography (CT) at three affiliated hospitals in the year 2012. If a patient had multiple abdominal CT exams, the first exam was selected for retrieval (n=23,186). Our experience in attempting to retrieve 23,186 abdominal CT exams yielded 22,852 valid CT abdomen/pelvis exams and identified four major categories of challenges when retrieving large datasets: cohort selection and processing, retrieving DICOM exam files from PACS, data storage, and non-recoverable failures. The retrieval took 3 months of project time and at minimum 300 person-hours of time between the primary investigator (a radiologist), a data scientist, and a software engineer. Exam selection and retrieval may take significantly longer than planned. We share our experience so that other investigators can anticipate and plan for these challenges. We also hope to help institutions better understand the demands that may be placed on their infrastructure by large-scale medical imaging machine learning projects.
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DAHER, MURILO TAVARES, RENATO FLEURY DI SOUZA LOPES, RENATO TAVARES DAHER, RICARDO TAVARES DAHER, NILO CARRIJO MELO, VINÍCIO NUNES NASCIMENTO, PEDRO FELISBINO JR, RICARDO VIEIRA TELES FILHO, and MARCELO FOUAD RABAHI. "DESCRIPTION OF A NEW METHOD OF MEASURING THE PELVIC INCIDENCE ANGLE THROUGH COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY." Coluna/Columna 19, no. 1 (March 2020): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1808-185120201901218227.
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ABSTRACT Objective To describe a more accurate method for measuring the pelvic incidence angle using computed tomography, without the influence of the positioning of the pelvis in relation to the X-ray tube. Methods Thirteen CT scans of the lumbosacral region, abdomen or pelvis were randomly assessed, as all these exams include the sacrum and femoral heads. All the exams were performed in multichannel devices with six channels. The technique of overlapping images, already common in other musculoskeletal exams, such as TT-TG, was used. The centered sagittal cut of the left femoral head, the center of S1, and the right femoral head were used. From these, a fourth image was created, analogous to an X-ray of the pelvis, from which measurements were taken using the dedicated software. Results Of the thirteen exams, three were of the lumbar spine and 10 were of the total abdomen, six of them being of males.. The mean age was 56 years. The mean PI was 45°, ranging from 31 to 81 degrees. Among the women, the mean was 52° (31 to 81°) and among the men, 38° (32 to 46°). Conclusion CT can be used to calculate the PI, using the technique of overlapping images common to other musculoskeletal exams, such as TT-TG. Level of Evidence IIIB. Diagnostic study; Retrospective study.
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Bezjian Wallace, Laurie, Patrick Wallace, and Joel Herness. "A Rare Pelvic “Mass-Querader”: Acute Urinary Retention Secondary to Hematocolpos in a Preadolescent Patient." Military Medicine 185, no. 11-12 (November 1, 2020): 2171–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usaa166.
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ABSTRACT We report a case of acute urinary retention in an adolescent female secondary to hematocolpos. A 13-year-old female presented to the emergency department with acute urinary retention and suprapubic abdominal pain for 24 hours. She denied menstruation or sexual history. Bedside bladder ultrasound scan revealed 1.2 L of retained urine and a Foley catheter was placed. A formal renal ultrasound detected a debris-filled structure in the abdomino-pelvic cavity. Follow-up computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis revealed an 8.5 cm × 9.3 cm × 12.1 cm mass-like structure in the pelvis. No formal pelvic exam was completed and the patient was taken to the operating room for exploratory laparotomy due to concern for large pelvic mass versus tubo-ovarian abscess. However, upon entering the abdominal cavity, no mass was found. At that point, an external genital exam was performed, revealing an imperforate hymen. Hymenotomy resulted in the evacuation of 2.5 L of clotted blood from the vagina and uterus. Hematocolpos resulting in acute urinary retention is exceedingly rare; however, it is an important differential diagnosis that can be ruled in or out by physical exam findings. Although it may be uncomfortable for adolescent patients and physicians, external genital exams should be conducted in young females with acute urinary retention and amenorrhea to evaluate for imperforate hymen. This can ensure appropriate treatment and avoidance of unnecessary invasive procedures.
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Horowitz, Jeanne M., Irene M. Hotalen, Emily S. Miller, Emma L. Barber, Shohreh Shahabi, and Frank H. Miller. "How Can Pelvic MRI with Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Help My Pregnant Patient?" American Journal of Perinatology 37, no. 06 (April 12, 2019): 577–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685492.
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AbstractThe purpose of this review is to explain how diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is used during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exams in pregnant patients for specific maternal indications, including evaluation of acute pelvic pain, adnexal masses, cancer diagnosis and staging, and morbidly adherent placenta. While ultrasound is often the appropriate initial imaging for evaluating a pregnant patient, MRI can be helpful when a pelvic ultrasound is indeterminate. MRI has advantages in that it does not use ionizing radiation and has shown no known deleterious effects to the fetus. The use of gadolinium-based contrast is controversial during pregnancy. DWI is a functional sequence performed during an MRI exam, which is valuable in the absence of gadolinium contrast, and can increase the visibility of inflammation, abscesses, and tumors. Case examples will be presented to demonstrate the utility and added value of DWI over conventional anatomic T1- and T2-weighted imaging in diagnosis of maternal disease in the pregnant patient's pelvis.
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Misiura, Anne K., Autumn D. Nanassy, and Jacqueline Urbine. "Usefulness of Pelvic Radiographs in the Initial Trauma Evaluation with Concurrent CT: Is Additional Radiation Exposure Necessary?" International Journal of Pediatrics 2018 (October 2, 2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6260954.
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Trauma patients in a Level I Pediatric Trauma Center may undergo CT of the abdomen and pelvis with concurrent radiograph during initial evaluation in an attempt to diagnose injury. To determine if plain digital radiograph of the pelvis adds additional information in the initial trauma evaluation when CT of the abdomen and pelvis is also performed, trauma patients who presented to an urban Level I Pediatric Trauma Center between 1 January 2010 and 7 February 2017 in whom pelvic radiograph and CT of the abdomen and pelvis were performed within 24 hours of each other were analyzed. A total of 172 trauma patients had pelvic radiograph and CT exams performed within 24 hours of each other. There were 12 cases in which the radiograph missed pelvic fractures seen on CT and 2 cases in which the radiograph suspected a fracture that was not present on subsequent CT. Furthermore, fractures in the pelvis were missed on pelvic radiographs in 12 of 35 cases identified on CT. Sensitivity of pelvic radiograph in detecting fractures seen on CT was 65.7% with a 95% confidence interval of 47.79-80.87%. Results suggest that there is no added diagnostic information gained from a pelvic radiograph when concurrent CT is also obtained, a practice which exposes the pediatric trauma patient to unnecessary radiation.
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Potera, Carol. "Unneeded Pelvic Exams in Women Seeking Birth Control." AJN, American Journal of Nursing 111, no. 3 (March 2011): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/10.1097/01.naj.0000395226.64552.63.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Pelvic exams"
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Patterson, Amy, Autumn LaRocque, Abigail Holt, Heather Grubbs, Rob Becker, Arielle MD Schreck, and Caroline MD Abercrombie. "Evaluating the Effectiveness of Using Thiel Soft-Embalmed Donors to Teach the Female Pelvic Exam to Medical Students." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2020/presentations/38.
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At the Quillen College of Medicine, first year medical students are taught how to perform the female pelvic exam as part of the “Introduction to Physical Exam” course. Our previous research has found that students feel more confident and report a higher level of perceived transferability to live patients when learning the pelvic exam on soft-embalmed donors in comparison to low-fidelity mannequins. Our goal in this project was to incorporate soft-embalmed donors into the curriculum of first year medical students, making this teaching method available to all students, and objectively assess their skills as well as their retention. During the “Introduction to Physical Exam” course, high fidelity soft embalmed donors were available for students to practice the female pelvic exam with instruction from attending physicians. After learning exam techniques, all 67 students were given a survey to assess their confidence, perceived transferability, and preference for either soft embalmed donors or mannequins. They were also invited back the following week to assess their short term retention and ability to accurately perform the pelvic exam, with the option of using communication skills learned elsewhere in the ETSU curriculum. Thirteen students returned for this follow-up session and completed surveys to reassess their experience. We plan to follow this cohort of students throughout their medical school career to assess long term retention. All return participants felt they retained the pelvic exam knowledge learned the week prior, with 61.54% agreeing, and 38.46% strongly agreeing. Most felt prepared to now do a pelvic exam on a live patient (53.85% agreed, 38.46% strongly agreed). Students also reported that feedback on their communication and procedural skills was beneficial to the learning process. The use of high fidelity soft embalmed donors in medical education provides students with a realistic model to learn and become confident in performing pelvic exams. We have seen that this education model helps them retain their knowledge on pelvic exam technique. We look forward to following this cohort of students to see if this retention of knowledge persists into their third year of medical school.
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Lasslo, Julie. "THE INFLUENCE OF PATIENT-PROVIDER INTERACTION, SELF-CONCEPT, AND THE SOCIO-PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ON PELVIC EXAM SEEKING BEHAVIOR, ANXIETY, AND THE HEALTH CARE EXPERIENCE." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/edsc_etds/56.
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Regular gynecological screenings are critical for women in promotion of health and preventing diseases like cervical cancer. Despite the importance of such examinations, many women fail to adhere to recommended screening protocols. As a result, women experience an increased disease risk. The current study examined the relationship between patient-provider communication quality, skill, and empathy on pelvic exam seeking behavior and exam-related anxiety and satisfaction. Additionally, negative self-concept, perceived poor genital self-image, and various elements of the socio-physical clinic environment were explored to better understand their impact on a women’s care seeking behavior.
A total of 350 women 19 through 80 years of age completed a one time, 15-minute online survey regarding their gynecological care seeking behavior. Ordered logistic regression analysis revealed that when controlling for demographic variables and self-concept scores satisfaction was significantly impacted by the quality of provider communication. Specifically, higher quality of communication likely increases satisfaction by 12% (coef = .77; odds ratio= 1.19 at a p< .01). Avoidance was significantly associated with greater provider empathy indicating a 9% decrease in avoidance is likely as empathy scores go up (coef = -.19; odds ratio= 0.96 at a p< .01). When controlling for various demographic factors, self-concept scores and provider communication were not shown to be significantly associated with patient anxiety. These findings suggest that enhancing provider communication quality and empathy may improve satisfaction and lessen patient avoidance. Results also indicate that women who have a more positive evaluation of their genital self-image were more likely to feel greater satisfaction concerning gynecological care. Thematic analysis of open-ended essay questions revealed several themes among 3 main areas: 1). Clinician Communication (active listening, explanation, empathic communication, & pace), 2). Social Environment (hospitality& being relational), and 3). Physical Environment (Privacy, Aesthetics, & Sensate Variables).
Detailed explanation, empathetic communication, and not rushing patients through procedures all emerged as important components that may guard against patient anxiety. Results suggest that distress related to gynecological care could be mitigated by easily modifiable improvements to the environment like increasing the temperature of the exam rooms, opting for less harsh lighting, providing a place to hang or set clothing, and more thoughtful placement of baby pictures. Results also suggest that improvements to modesty concerns within the exam room, like larger cloth draping and gowns, may significantly improve the patient experience.
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Amaral, Clarissa de Andrade Gonçalves do. "Características ultrassonográficas de massas pélvicas anexiais e concordância entre o exame transoperatório de congelação e o anatomopatológico convencional." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/52968.
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Objetivo: Avaliar a concordância entre o exame anatomopatológico transoperatório de congelação (TO) e o diagnóstico histológico no exame anatomopatológico convencional (AP-conv) nas massas anexiais, divididas em grupos conforme seu tamanho e suas características morfológicas na ultrassonografia da pelve, para especificar fatores ultrassonográficos preditores de erro no TO. Os diagnósticos do TO nos grupos foram comparados com os AP-conv de tumores benignos, borderline e malignos. Métodos: Estudo transversal com avaliação retrospectiva em 302 pacientes com diagnóstico ultrassonográfico de massas anexiais, submetidas a procedimento cirúrgico no Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Estas foram divididas em oito grupos, conforme as características morfológicas ultrassonográficas e o tamanho tumoral. Grupo 1: tumores uniloculares ≤ 10 cm; grupo 2: tumores líquidos septados ≤ 10 cm; grupo 3: tumores heterogêneos ≤ 10 cm; grupo 4: tumores sólidos ≤ 10 cm; grupo 5: uniloculares > 10 cm; grupo 6: líquidos septados > 10 cm; grupo 7: heterogêneos > 10 cm; e grupo 8: sólidos > 10 cm. O resultado diagnóstico do TO foi então comparado com o diagnóstico histológico final no AP-conv. Resultados: A concordância diagnóstica variou entre os grupos. Nos 33 casos do grupo 1, houve 100% de concordância (Kappa 1) entre o TO e o AP-conv. No grupo 2, com 32 casos, também houve 100% de concordância, assim como nos seis casos do grupo 8 (Kappa 1). No grupo 3, com 90 casos, a concordância diagnóstica também foi ótima (Kappa 0,898), com dois casos discordantes (2,22%): um diagnóstico benigno no TO que se confirmou borderline no AP-conv e outro benigno no TO que se confirmou maligno no AP-conv. O grupo 4, com 24 casos, apresentou uma discordância (4,17%) de benigna no TO e maligna no AP-conv (Kappa 0,869). No grupo 5, houve concordância em 93% dos 15 casos, com uma discordância (6,67%) no diagnóstico: benigno no TO e maligno no AP-conv; não foi possível calcular o Kappa neste grupo. Dos 39 casos do grupo 6, 89,74% tiveram o diagnóstico concordante, com duas discordâncias (5,13%): benignos no TO foram borderline no AP-conv; uma discordância (2,57%): borderline no TO foi benigno no AP-conv; e outra discordância (2,57%): borderline no TO foi maligno no AP-conv (Kappa 0,591). O grupo 7, com 63 pacientes, teve concordância em 55 casos (87,30%), com oito casos discordantes (12,70%): dos seis benignos (9,52%) no TO, três foram borderline (4,76%) e três malignos (4,76%) no AP-conv; dos dois borderline (3,18%) no TO, um foi benigno (1,59%) e um maligno (1,59%) no AP-conv (Kappa 0,776). Conclusão: O TO tem uma concordância com o AP-conv que varia de ótima em tumores císticos a moderada em tumores multiloculados com mais de 10 cm. Nosso estudo apresenta limitações por ser um estudo retrospectivo, além de não haver sido o mesmo patologista quem avaliou todas as peças. Mas a estratificação das massas anexiais em grupos, de acordo com seu tamanho e características morfológicas na ultrassonografia, é um bom método para avaliação pré-operatória de massa anexiais, sabendo-se que, nas lesões císticas septadas ou com componentes sólidos maiores que 10 cm, a concordância do TO com o AP-conv é moderada. Portanto, devemos estar cientes que, em tumores maiores de 10 cm com componente sólido, o erro diagnóstico do TO aumenta. Assim, nesses casos, o patologista e o cirurgião deverão estar atentos para um correto diagnóstico e um planejamento adequado do tratamento, evitando, com isso, o subtratamento ou o sobretratamento da paciente.Objective: To assess agreement between intraoperative frozen section (IFS) and final histopathology (HPE) for anatomic pathology examination of adnexal masses stratified according to size and morphological characteristics on pelvic ultrasonography and define sonographic predictors of diagnostic error of IFS. IFS classification of masses as benign, borderline, or malignant was compared to final diagnoses after HPE. Methods: Cross-sectional study with retrospective assessment of 302 patients with a sonographic diagnosis of adnexal masses that underwent surgical treatment at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Patients were divided into eight groups according to mass size and sonographic morphology as follows: Group 1, unilocular tumors ≤10 cm in size; Group 2, septated cystic tumors ≤10 cm in size; Group 3, heterogeneous tumors ≤10 cm in size; Group 4, solid tumors ≤10 cm in size; Group 5, unilocular tumors >10 cm in size; Group 6, septated cystic tumors >10 cm in size; Group 7, heterogeneous tumors >10 cm in size; and Group 8, solid tumors >10 cm in size. The diagnostic findings of IFS were then compared with the final histopathologic diagnosis. Results: Diagnostic agreement varied among groups. In Groups 1 (33 cases), 2 (32 cases), and 8 (6 cases), there was 100% agreement between IFS and HPE (Kappa = 1.0). In Group 3 (90 cases), agreement was excellent (Kappa = 0.898), with only two divergences (2.22%): one mass classified as benign on IFS that was borderline on HPE and another initially classified as benign that later proved malignant on HPE. In Group 4 (24 cases), Kappa was 0.869, with one divergence (4.17%), again a mass classified as benign on IFS which proved malignant on HPE. In Group 5, there was agreement in 93% of 15 cases, with one divergence (6.67%) in diagnosis: benign on IFS and malignant on HPE. Kappa could not be calculated for this group. Of the 39 cases in Group 6, there was agreement in 89.74%, with two masses classified as benign on IFS later deemed malignant on HPE (5.13%); one borderline on IFS diagnosed as benign on HPE (2.57%); and one borderline on IFS and diagnosed as malignant on HPE (2.57%) (Kappa = 0.591). In Group 7 (63 patients), there was agreement in 55 cases (87.30%), with eight divergences (12.70%): of six masses deemed benign on IFS (9.52%), three (4.76%) were diagnosed as borderline and three (4.76%) as malignant on HPE; of two masses deemed borderline on IFS (3.18%), one was later deemed benign (1.59%) and one diagnosed as malignant (1.59%) on HPE (Kappa = 0.776). Conclusion: Agreement between IFS and HPE ranged from excellent (for cystic masses) to moderate (for multilocular tumors larger than 10 cm). Limitations of this study include its retrospective design and the fact that not all surgical specimens were examined by the same pathologist. Nevertheless, stratification of adnexal masses by sonographic morphology and size is a good method for preoperative assessment, with the knowledge that agreement between IFS and HPE is only moderate for septated cystic or heterogeneous lesions larger than 10 cm. Therefore, clinicians should bear in mind that the diagnostic error of IFS is higher for adnexal masses >10 cm in size with a solid component. In these cases, particular care is required from both the pathologist and surgeon for proper diagnosis and treatment planning, thus avoiding undertreatment or overtreatment.
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BATISTA, Elicéia Marcia. "Força muscular do assoalho pélvico em mulheres submetidas ao parto vaginal, à cesárea e nulíparas." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/1708.
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Previous issue date: 2010-11-17Childbirth may determine pelvic floor modifications that may cause dysfunctions such as urinary/fecal incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. Furthermore, delivery may be associated with a decrease in pelvic floor muscle (PFM) strength. Objectives: to compare PFM strength in women who delivered vaginally or by cesarean section and nulliparae, investigate the factors associated with PFM strength and demonstrate a correlation between measurements of PFM strength obtained by vaginal digital examination and by perineometer. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted, including 31 women following vaginal delivery, 30 following cesarean section and 30 nulliparae. PFM strength was investigated by vaginal digital examination (modified Oxford grading system) and by perineometer. Multiple linear regression analysis with adjustment for covariables was used to compare the mean PFM strength and identify factors associated with PFM strength. The Kendall test was applied to investigate the correlation between vaginal digital examination and a perineometer. Results: the mean age of the participants who delivered vaginally, underwent cesarean section and those who were nulliparous was 32.3±5.8 years, 30.5±5.4 years and 27.2±5.9 years (p<0.01), respectively. The mean PFM strength of women undergoing vaginal delivery and cesarean section was 25.6±14.5cmH2O and 39.6±22.0cmH2O (p<0.01, adjusted for covariables), respectively. A correlation between measurements of PFM strength obtained by vaginal digital examination and perineometer device was observed (tau=0.82; p<0.01). Non-white race/ethnicity was negatively associated with PFM strength (coefficient: -10.2424; p=0.02). Conclusions: women with a history of vaginal delivery had a lower PFM strength than those delivering by cesarean section. Non-white race/ethnicity negatively affected PFM strength. Our data suggest that vaginal digital examination may be applied in clinical practice because of its expressive correlation with a perineometer.
O parto pode determinar modificações do assoalho pélvico, que podem ocasionar disfunções tais como incontinência urinária e fecal e prolapso de órgãos pélvicos. Além disso, o parto pode associar-se à diminuição da força muscular perineal (FMP). Objetivos: comparar a FMP em mulheres submetidas ao parto vaginal, à cesárea e nulíparas, investigar os fatores associados à FMP e verificar a correlação entre as medidas da FMP obtidas por meio do exame vaginal digital e pelo perineômetro. Métodos: conduziu-se estudo de corte transversal, incluindo 31 mulheres pós-parto vaginal, 30 pós-cesárea e 30 nulíparas. A FMP foi investigada por meio do exame vaginal digital (escala modificada de Oxford) e pelo perineômetro. Utilizou-se a análise de regressão linear múltipla com ajuste por covariáveis para comparar a média da FMP e identificar os fatores associados à FMP. Aplicou-se o teste de Kendall para investigar a correlação entre o exame vaginal digital e o perineômetro. Resultados: a média de idade das participantes submetidas ao parto vaginal, à cesárea e das nulíparas foi de 32,3±5,8anos, 30,5±5,4 anos e 27,2±5,9 anos (p<0,01), respectivamente. A média da FMP de mulheres submetidas ao parto vaginal e à cesárea foi de 25,6±14,5cmH2O e de 39,6±22,0cmH2O (p<0,01, ajustado por covariáveis), respectivamente. Verificou-se correlação entre as medidas da FMP obtidas por meio do exame vaginal digital e pelo perineômetro (tau=0,82; p<0,01). A raça/etnia não branca associou-se negativamente à FMP (coeficiente: -10,2424; p=0,02). Conclusões: mulheres com antecedente de parto vaginal apresentaram menor FMP quando comparada àquelas submetidas à cesárea. Raça/etnia não branca afetou negativamente a força muscular do assoalho pélvico. Nossos dados sugerem que o exame vaginal digital pode ser aplicado na prática clínica, uma vez que apresentou expressiva correlação com o perineômetro.
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Jerdén, Maja, and Idamaria Jonsson. "”Det känns som att jag är ensam från midjan och uppåt” Negativa upplevelser av gynekologiska undersökningar hos de som undviker cellprovtagning." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-73361.
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Varella, Larissa Ramalho Dantas. "Influ?ncia da paridade, do tipo de parto e do n?vel de atividade f?sica sobre a musculatura do assoalho p?lvico em mulheres na p?s-menopausa." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2015. http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/20736.
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A p?s-menopausa caracteriza-se por altera??es hormonais e org?nicas decorrentes da fal?ncia ovariana, destacando-se as altera??es na musculatura do assoalho p?lvico (MAP). Tem-se na literatura atual que, em mulheres jovens, fatores gineco-obst?tricos e h?bitos de vida influenciam nessa perda de fun??o, no entanto, ainda h? incertezas sobre a influ?ncia dessas vari?veis no funcionamento da MAP de mulheres na p?s-menopausa. Assim, o presente estudo visou avaliar se h? influ?ncia da paridade, tipo de parto e n?vel de atividade f?sica sobre a MAP em mulheres na p?s-menopausa. Objetivou-se ainda comparar a for?a da MAP em mulheres na p?s-menopausa submetidas a parto normal e ces?rea, com diferentes n?veis de atividade f?sica, e com menopausa artificial e natural nas fases inicial e tardia, al?m de correlacionar o teste de for?a muscular e perineometria e analisar a confiabilidade inter-examinador da perineometria. Atrav?s de um estudo observacional, anal?tico e transversal foram estudadas 100 mulheres no per?odo da p?s-menopausa, com idades entre 45 e 65 anos, divididas, de acordo com o estado menopausal, em tr?s grupos: histerectomizadas, p?s-menopausa inicial e tardia. As pacientes foram questionadas sobre fatores sociodemogr?ficos e hist?ria gineco-obst?trica. Todas as volunt?rias foram submetidas ao exame f?sico, no qual foi mensurado o peso e altura para c?lculo do ?ndice de massa corporal e a circunfer?ncia cintura. A avalia??o do assoalho p?lvico foi realizada investigando a for?a e a press?o da MAP por meio do teste de for?a muscular e da perineometria. Para an?lise dos resultados foram utilizados a estat?stica descritiva, os testes de compara??o como ANOVA e a regress?o m?ltipla, al?m do teste Kolmogorov-Smirnov aplicado para testar a normalidade das vari?veis. Nos resultados, observou-se que em rela??o ?s caracter?sticas sociodemogr?ficas e antropom?tricas na amostra final (n = 85). Sendo observado que a maioria das mulheres nos tr?s grupos eram casadas (p=0.51) e cat?licas (p=0.13). A renda per capta variou de R$ 585,47 ? 466,67 a R$1.271,83 ? 1.748,97, sendo sem signific?ncia a diferen?a entre os grupos (p=0.05). O G>6apresentou uma m?dia de idade de 58,95 ?3,96 significativamente maior que o G<6 (53,21? 3,88) (p=0.000). Quanto as caracter?sticas antropom?tricas, n?o houve diferen?a entre os grupos em rela??o ao peso (p=0.32), altura (p=0.72), IMC (p=0.34) e circunfer?ncia de cintura (p=0.33). Obteve-se que o tipo de parto, paridade e n?vel de atividade f?sica n?o apresentaram influ?ncia sobre a fun??o da musculatura do assoalho p?lvico nas mulheres estudadas (p= 0.794). N?o foram vistas diferen?as na fun??o da MAP de mulheres submetidas a partos normais, cesarianos e normais + cesarianos (TFM p= 0.897; perineometria p = 0.502), de mulheres com 1 parto, 2-3 partos ou 4 partos ou mais (TFM p=0.28; perineometria p=0.13), e entre aquelas com diferentes n?veis de atividade f?sica (TFM p= 0.663; perineometria p=0.741) Acredita-se que o decl?nio da fun??o muscular em mulheres na p?s-menopausa esteja relacionado, fundamentalmente, ao processo de envelhecimento feminino.
The post-menopause stage is characterized by hormonal and organic alterations of ovarian failure. One of the most important of these is muscles alterations of the pelvic floor (MPF). According to current literature, in young women gynecological and obstetric factors, as well as lifestyles and habits influence that loss of function. However, there is still uncertainty about the influence of those variables in the MPF functions in post-menopause women. Thus, this study aimed at seeing if there is an influence from number of births, the type of birth and the level of physical activity on the MPF of post-menopause women. Another objective of this study was to compare MPF force in women who had had vaginal births with those who had been subjected to cesarean sections, those with different levels of physical activity and those with artificial and natural menopause in the initial and latter stages. Furthermore, the test of muscular force was compared to perineometry. Using observational, analytical and transversal observations, 100 women in the post-menopausal stage of life, between the ages of 45 and 65, were examined. They were divided according to the menopausal stage into three groups: women who had undergone hysterectomies, those in the initial stages of postmenopause and those in the late stage of postmenpause. The patients were questioned about social, demographic, gynecological and obstetric factors. All the volunteers were submitted to a physical examination where their height and weight were measured to arrive at the corporal mass index and their waist measurements were taken. The evaluation of the pelvic floor was conducted with muscular force tests and perineometry. These results were analyzed with statistical description and ANOVA statistical tests, multiple regression and Kolmogorov-Smirnov evaluations. The results showed homogeneity with regard to social demographic and anthropometric characteristics among the women in the final test sample (n=85). It was also seen that most of the women in all three groups were married (p=0.51) and catholic (p=0.13). The average per capital income varied between $R585.47 (+/-466.67) and $R1,271.83 (+/-1,748.95), with no significant difference between the groups (p=0.05). The G>6 group presented an average age between 58.95 (+/-3.96) which was significantly greater that the G<6 group?s average age (53.21+/- 3.88) (p=0.000). There was no difference between the groups? anthropometric characteristics of weight (p=0.32), height (p=0.72) and corporal mass index (p=0.34), nor in the waist measurements (p=0.33). Furthermore, no significant difference was noted in the MPF function of women who had had normal births, cesarean sections or a combination of the two (TFM p=0.897; perineum measurement p=0.502). Likewise, no differences were seen in the MPF function of women who had one, two to three or four or more births (TFM p=0.28, perineum measurement p=0.13). Finally, no difference was perceived among those with different levels of physical activity (TFM p=0.663; perineum measurement p=0.741). Therefore, we found that the type of delivery, number of births and physical activity had no influence on the muscular function of the pelvic floor among the women studied. It is believed that decline in muscular function in post-menopause women is fundamentally related to the process of aging.
Books on the topic "Pelvic exams"
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Kimzey, Lorene M. Preparing for a pelvic exam. [Bethesda, Md.?]: Clinical Center Communications, National Institutes of Health, 1989.
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No need to be afraid-- first pelvic exam: A handbook for young women and their mothers. Burtonsville, Md: Linking Education & Medicine, 1991.
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Medicare preventive services: Women's health : a guide to billing mammograms, pap tests, pelvic exams and colon cancer screenings. [Baltimore, Md.]: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, 2004.
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Filler, Aaron G. Piriformis Syndrome and Other Nerve Entrapments of the Posterior Pelvis. Edited by Meghan E. Lark, Nasa Fujihara, and Kevin C. Chung. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190617127.003.0011.
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Not every case of neurologically based pelvic/genital numbness/incontinence is due to cauda equina syndrome. Pelvic pain, incontinence, and sexual dysfunction can result from treatable peripheral nerve injury or entrapment affecting the pudendal nerves or impar ganglion. Learning the signs, physical exam findings, tests, and surgical options greatly expands a neurosurgeon’s range. The pudendal nerve and nerve to the obturator internus muscle arise after S2, S3, and S4 spinal nerves traverse the piriformis muscle. They exit the sciatic notch with the sciatic nerve but then re-enter the pelvis, where the pudendal nerve then gives off bladder, rectal, and genital branches.
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National Cancer Institute (U.S.), ed. Having a pelvic exam and pap test. [Bethesda, Md.?]: National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, 1996.
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National Cancer Institute (U.S.), ed. Having a pelvic exam and pap test. [Bethesda, Md.?]: National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, 1999.
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Pelvic Exam Your Key to Good Health. Planned Parenthood Federation, 1989.
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Feeling Medicine: How the Pelvic Exam Shapes Medical Training. New York University Press, 2020.
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Underman, Kelly. Feeling Medicine: How the Pelvic Exam Shapes Medical Training. New York University Press, 2020.
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Exam Oriented Anatomy Regional and Applied: Upper Limb, Lower Limb, Abdomen and Pelvis. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers, 2019.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Pelvic exams"
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Sel, Görker. "Pelvic Relaxation." In Practical Guide to Oral Exams in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 279–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29669-8_44.
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Corrado, Stephanie. "The Pelvic Exam and Pap Smear." In The MassGeneral Hospital for Children Adolescent Medicine Handbook, 37–42. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6845-6_6.
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Ajewole, C. Sola, and Jodi F. Abbott. "Pelvic Scoring for Elective Induction." In 50 Studies Every Obstetrician-Gynecologist Should Know, 60–63. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190947088.003.0011.
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This article reviews the commonly known Bishop score and how it was derived from the Pelvic Scoring for Elective Induction study. The study observed women in spontaneous labor, their initial cervical exams, as well as the development and implementation of pelvic scoring for labor induction. It reviews the components of the original Bishop score and compares it to a Simplified Bishop score and how their applications compare when determining the likelihood of success of vaginal delivery. It demonstrates how a cervix is determined to be favorable or unfavorable. This article includes a figure that displays time to delivery and the content is intended for providers in obstetrics and gynecology.
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Underman, Kelly. "Conclusion." In Feeling Medicine, 199–214. NYU Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479897780.003.0008.
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The conclusion looks at debates about the role of consent in teaching and learning the pelvic exam and what these indicate about affective governance in medical education and the making of physicians. The presence of the GTA program in most medical schools in the United States has meant an enthusiastic embracing of the “patient experience.” And yet, there is still a prioritization of the learning experience of the trainee at the expense of the patient when pelvic exams are performed on patients who are under anaesthesia. The chapter suggests that affective governance in medical education is about producing more efficient workers, and more compliant consumers. In short, it is no longer possible to set aside the important role that emotion and bodily capacities to move and be moved by play in the governance of conduct via expert knowledge.
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Sharma, Abha. "Chapter-02 Pelvic Diaphragm and Supports of Uterus." In Clinical Essays in Obstetrics and Gynaecology for MRCOG Part II (And Other Postgraduate Exams), 9–14. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/10128_2.
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Conti, Luigi, Carmine Grassi, Filippo Banchini, Deborah Bonfili, Gaetano Maria Cattaneo, Edoardo Baldini, and Patrizio Capelli. "Management of Obturator Hernia." In Hernia Surgery [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.102075.
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The obturator hernia is a rare pelvic hernia that often presents with symptoms of bowel obstruction. Obturator hernia corresponds to 0.5–1.4% of all abdominal hernias. Entrapment of an intestinal segment within the obturator orifice, most often the ileum, less frequently Meckel’s diverticulum or omentum, can cause intestinal obstruction. The non-specific presenting symptoms make the diagnosis of this condition often unclear. Females are 6–9 times more likely than men to be subject to the pathology, mostly occurring in a multiparous, emaciated, elderly woman so it is also called “the little old lady’s hernia.” Risk factors such as chronic constipation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ascites, kyphoscoliosis, and multiparty, can predispose patients to herniation. A sign of inconstant presentation may be the presence of a palpable mass or pain radiating from the inner thigh and knee—known as Howship–Romberg sign—but it could be misleading when confused with symptoms of gonarthrosis or lumbar vertebral disc pathology. CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis has been found to be the gold standard for preoperative diagnosis because of its superior sensitivity and accuracy with respect to other radiological exams. The only possible treatment for this pathology is surgery, and management depends on early diagnosis.
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Underman, Kelly. "The Pelvic Exam and the Politics of Care." In Feeling Medicine, 25–57. NYU Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479897780.003.0002.
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This chapter examines how teaching and learning the pelvic in United States medical education have been transformed by feminist practices of care, even as these same practices have been coopted in order to serve the interests of physicians and medical educators. It focuses especially on the disruptive potential of affect and how they are managed by new strategies of governance in medical education. The chapter is also informed by by ways in which, in the 1960s and 1970s, the Women’s Health Movement, medical education research, and transformations in biomedicine altered one another’s trajectories and changed how the pelvic exam is taught to medical students and, thus, the pelvic exam itself.
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Underman, Kelly. "Not Just Bones, Organs, and Science." In Feeling Medicine, 168–98. NYU Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479897780.003.0007.
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This chapter examines how patient empowerment seeks to train medical students to cultivate behaviors, attitudes, and values through disciplinary work done on physicians’ and patients’ affects. Because of the pelvic exam’s fraught history of rendering patients as passive objects prior to the intervention of the Women’s Health Movement, this exam serves as an interesting example to tease out threads of patient empowerment and professional authority. Patient empowerment is conceptualized as a technology comprised of discourses, knowledges, and practices that constitute patients as “partners”: fully informed subjects who are responsible for and obligated to participate in the maintenance of their own health.
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"Newborn ARM: Perineal exam quiz." In Pediatric Colorectal and Pelvic Surgery, 91–94. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315207056-20.
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"Common Pelvic Examination Problems and Interventions." In Fast Facts About the Gynecologic Exam. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/9780826196095.ap01.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Pelvic exams"
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Moreno, Marcelo, Amauri de Oliveira, Tália Cássia Boff, Gabriela Nogueira Matschinski, and Izadora Czarnobai. "SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA METASTASIS OF THE MAMMARY GLAND: CASE REPORT." In Scientifc papers of XXIII Brazilian Breast Congress - 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s1007.
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Introduction: Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the breast is a rare neoplasm, which represents less than 0.1% of invasive breast cancers. Therefore, it is essential to discriminate between a primary SCC and a metastatic SCC. In order to be considered a primary carcinoma of the breast, a histological examination of the lesion must show more than 90% of squamous neoplastic cells, in addition to the absence of cutaneous SCC or other anatomical sites. Extra-mammary neoplasm metastases are uncommon, representing 0.5% to 2% of breast malignancies. Metastatic SCC in the mammary gland is an uncommon event. To date, only three cases were reported in the literature of secondary involvement of vulvar SCC in the mammary gland. The objective of this work is to report the case of a patient with secondary mammary metastasis to a vulva SCC. Case report: A 74-year-old female patient who underwent radical modified vulvectomy 10 years before. Her pathological stage was characterized as IIIB. For this reason, she was also submitted to adjuvant treatment with chemotherapy associated with radiotherapy to the vulvar region, inguinal lymph node chains and pelvic arteries. On the ninth year of cancer follow-up, she presented recurrence in the vaginal wall. In the complementary image exams, an extentension of neoplasia to pelvic organs was identified, but no distant metastatic lesions were found. She underwent monobloc resection of pelvic organs, with reconstruction of the urinary and intestinal transits. The patient showed a good clinical evolution, with no pelvic complaints. After one year, the patient returned complaining of a nodule in the right breast. On physical examination, a lesion was observed at the junction of the lateral quadrants of the breast, measuring +/- 3.5 cm, with associated inflammatory signs and imprecise limits, with a central region showing a fistulous orifice through which the necrotic material passed. On the mammography, a dense, rounded and partially delimited lesion was identified. She underwent a core biopsy that described a SCC. According to her clinical history, it was considered a remote relapse of the vulvar SCC. The patient was submitted to a quadrantectomy with an ipsilateral axillary lymphadenectomy and reconstruction with a lateral thoracic flap. On an anatomopathological examination there was a description that the neoplasm would invade the underlying muscle tissue; and the resection margins were free. Four out of the fourteen isolated axillary lymph nodes had metastases, without perinodal soft tissue invasion. Six months after breast surgery, the patient evolved metastases to both lungs and soon after she died without response to the systemic treatment employed. This report was approved by the Research Ethics – UFFS (Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul) (number 4.034.565).
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Albernaz, Lucas Cardoso Siqueira, Izabel Feitosa da Mata Leite, Guilherme de Aguiar Moraes, Adelina Mouta Moreira Neto, and Matheus de Campos Medeiros. "Cauda equina and conus medullaris syndromes due to Spinal Cord Schistosomiasis: a case report." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.213.
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Context: Schistosomiasis is a prevalent disease in Brazil whose medullary form can be a serious and disabling condition. Diagnosis is clinical and laboratorial, based on neurological symptoms besides Schistosoma infection exams. Spinal Cord Schistosomiasis (SCS) can be associated with cauda equina syndrome (CES) adding “saddle” anesthesia and low back pain as symptoms. Case Report: A 22- year-old male presenting progressive bilateral and proximal pelvic weakness associated with urinary and fecal incontinence besides mild low back pain during 4 months. Patient reports daily swimming practice in rivers. Neurological examination revealed grade 3 weakness of the proximal muscles, patellar hyporeflexia, saddle anesthesia and hypotonia of the proximal muscles. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine showed conus medullaris fusiform enlargement, associated with T2 and STIR hyperintensity (edema), hyposignal in T1, findings suggestive of an inflammatory / infectious etiology. Laboratory tests revealed a complete blood count with mild leukocytosis and eosinophilia; positive IgG serology for schistosomiasis; increased protein levels in the cerebrospinal fluid; stool analysis was normal. The diagnosis of CES and conus medullaris syndrome due to SCS was established and treatment with prednisone and praziquantel was initiated, with significant improvement in clinical symptoms. Conclusion: This case emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and the initiation of appropriate therapy in order to prevent irreversible injuries in cases of CES and conus medullaris syndrome, both conditions of high morbidity that are often overlooked.
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Machado, Roberta Ismael Lacerda, Bruno de Mattos Lombardi Badia, Wladimir Bocca Vieira de Rezende Pinto, Igor Braga Farias, José Marcos Vieira de Albuquerque Filho, Paulo Victor Sgobbi de Souza, and Acary Souza Bulle Oliveira. "INPP5K-Related congenital muscular dystrophy: when juvenile cataracts give clues to a complex diagnosis." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.511.
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Introduction: Congenital muscular dystrophies (CMDs) are a group of rare genetic muscle diseases that present at birth or during infancy with hypotonia and weakness. Multiple forms of CMDs are also associated with cerebral and ocular phenotypes. Recently, INPP5K mutations have been described associated with CMD, cataracts and cognitive impairment. The INPP5K gene, encodes SKIP, one of the enzymes that phosphorylate the 5-phosphate position of phosphoinositides and is highly expressed in developing and adult brain, eye and muscle. Methods: We performed a case report of three Brazilian patients with INPP5KCMD with cataracts and intellectual disability under clinical follow-up at our service. Results: Case 1: 39 years old, female, presenting with progressive leg weakness since childhood, mild intellectual disability and bilateral cataracts at 20 years. Her 35-yearold sister (Case 2) had a similar clinical picture with limb-girdle weakness since childhood, cognitive impairment and early- onset bilateral cataracts. Both with myopathic pattern in EMG, elevated creatine phosphokinase (CK) and dystrophic pattern in muscle biopsy. Brain MRI studies disclosed a large megacistern in the elderly and no abnormalities in the younger sister. Genetic testing: c.653_655del(p.(Ser218del) in homozygosity in INPP5K gene. Case 3: 20 years old, female, normal motor development but learning difficulties since childhood. Presented with progressive pelvic girdle weakness in childhood and bilateral cataracts in late adolescence. Exams disclosed elevated CK, brain MRI was normal and genetic testing with the following mutation in INPP5K gene:c.[881_883del];[1088T>C];p.[Ser294del];[Ile363Thr]. Conclusion: We describe patients with CMD, cataracts and intellectual disability, caused by mutation in the INPP5K gene. In literature few cases are reported.
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Almeida Carneiro Rodrigues da Silva, Ester, Adson Kevin Cunha Negidio, Myrela Polyanna Bastos Silva Campos, Pedro Henrique Silveira de Sousa, and Valentina Silva Rodrigues. "Endometriose: qual o melhor meio de diagnóstico de imagens? Ressonância magnética da pelve ou ultrassonografia transvaginal com ou sem preparo intestinal." In II Congresso Online Brasileiro de Medicina. Congresse.me, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54265/dymi4534.
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Introdução: A endometriose consiste em uma doença ginecológica que tem caráter benigna e evolução crônica, acomete cerca de 10% das mulheres no menacme, além de ser estrogênio-dependente. Caracterizase pelo aparecimento de tecido endometrial ectópico, seja glândular ou estromal, fora da cavidade uterina. O local com maior frequência de tecido endometrial ectópico é o ovário, seguido pelo peritônio pélvico, fazendo-se necessária a visualização dessas estruturas no método de imagem escolhido para investigação diagnóstica. Dessa forma, a ultrassonografia transvaginal (USGT) e ressonância magnética (RM) da pelve são os exames atualmente mais indicados para a comprovação da endometriose, após suspeita da doença pelos achados clínicos. Porém, a escolha de qual o meio de complementar a investigação clinica apresenta minucias que devem ser conhecidas pelo profissional que solicitará o exame, fazendo-se necessário o seu conhecimento. Objetivos: Analisar por meio de revisão de literatura qual o exame de imagem, entre USGT ou RM, que seria mais adequado para o diagnóstico de endometriose. Métodos: Realizou-se uma busca por publicações nacionais nas bases de dados eletrônicos da Scielo, Lilacs e Medline, selecionando-se artigos com textos completos disponíveis, publicados entre os anos de 2009 a 2022. Os descritores utilizados foram: Endometriose, ressonância magnética e ultrassonografia. O eixo temático é a ginecologia. Resultados: Foram selecionados 2 artigos para o estudo. Em relação à USGT, pode ser feita com ou sem preparo intestinal, e ao utilizar a associação com preparo intestinal, há disponibilidade de melhorar acurácia diagnóstica. O preparo intestinal possibilita a melhor visualização dos anexos e estruturas retossigmoideos. Com relação a vantagem da RM, pode-se avaliar pequenos endometriomas, especialmente quando muito distantes do transdutor transvaginal, em mulheres com útero de grandes dimensões e na avaliação da endometriose no diafragma. Em pacientes com endometriose pélvica profunda, os exames físicos e ultrassonográficos podem ser normais ou pouco elucidativos, dificultando a definição diagnóstica. Nessas pacientes, a RM é fundamental para o diagnóstico diferencial preciso. Conclusão: Entende-se, portanto, que a vantagem da USGT com preparo intestinal é a identificação de endometriose de pequenas dimensões, avaliação da endometriose intestinal e na identificação de aderências, por ser um método dinâmico. Ressaltando-se que a USGT com preparo pode e deve ser o primeiro exame a ser solicitado pela facilidade de acesso e baixo custo. Além disso, é um método acurado e efetivo na detecção da endometriose. Em comparação à RM, o custo-benefício da USGT é maior, devendo a RM estar reservada a casos mais específicos. Resumo - sem apresentação. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Endometriose, Ressonância magnética, Ultrassonografia
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Al-Makhamreh, Moath, Murad Abusamra, and Mohammad Hjouj. "Evaluation of Intravenous Contrast Agents Timing and Enhancement in Non-Traumatic Abdomen and Pelvis CT Exams." In ICMHI 2020: 2020 4th International Conference on Medical and Health Informatics. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3418094.3418138.
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Kapron, Ashley L., Stephen K. Aoki, Christopher L. Peters, Michael J. Bey, Roger Zauel, and Andrew E. Anderson. "Accuracy and Feasibility of Dual Fluoroscopy and Model-Based Tracking to Quantify In Vivo Hip Kinematics During Clinical Exams." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14695.
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Chondrolabral damage in hips with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) may result from motion conflict due to abnormal bony morphology. Clinical range of motion and skin-marker motion analysis studies indicate that kinematics are altered in FAI hips, but assessments are limited due to subjective goniometer alignment, skin motion artifact, and imprecise estimations of the hip joint center. Computer simulations of collision between the femur and pelvis suggest that FAI reduces range of motion, but assume a fixed center of rotation and neglect bulk soft tissue restraints. Thus, hip impingement has not been accurately quantified in vivo.
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RODRIGUES, Isabelle Medeiros, João Francisco Bianchini de TOLEDO, Thiago Abreu SAMAN, and Mário dos Santos FILHO. "UNILATERAL HYDRONEPHROSIS DUE TO URETER OBSTRUCTION AFTER OVARIO-HYSTERECTOMY IN A FELINE - CASE REPORT." In SOUTHERN BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 2021 INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE. DR. D. SCIENTIFIC CONSULTING, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.48141/sbjchem.21scon.34_abstract_rodrigues.pdf.
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Hydronephrosis is characterized by the renal pelvis and calyces distension resulting from total or partial urinary outflow obstruction. Ureter injuries are recognized complications of abdominal surgeries, especially sterilization, due to the frequency which they are performed in cats and dogs and the proximity between the ureter and the uterine stump. Some injuries may be acute or chronic, uni or bilaterally, affecting the urinary tract segment parts. Therefore, diagnosis is very important, especially early on, since it makes immediate management easier and may result in a better prognosis, especially when the disease course gets interrupted or its progression gets slowed. Furthermore, the importance of performing sporadic exams, even without previous clinical history for feline patients, is notorious since the nature of the species to hide clinical signs is well known. To certify the success of the surgery and integrity of the organs, it is very important to perform post sterilization exams. It is also crucial to state the importance of computed tomography for the diagnosis since some obstruction causes, such as blood clot, may not be shown in the ultrasound. Computed tomography is also necessary to differentiate hydronephrosis from many injuries that may affect the kidneys and ureters, like ectopic ureter, obstruction by calculi, and surgical ligature. The present study has the objective of reporting and discussing the laboratory, imaging findings, and clinical state of a patient with unilateral hydronephrosis, with asymptomatic evolution of iatrogenic origin due to obstruction by ureter obliteration after ovariohysterectomy (OVH).
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Sá, João Cláudio Damasceno de, Cristhian Herald Amaral Meireles Damasceno, Déborah Lessa da Silva, Layra da Silva Alves, Daniel Samary Silva Lobato, and Bruno Otávio Crespo Fonseca. "Mola hidatiforme invasora (neoplasia trofoblástica gestacional de baixorisco) com metástase pulmonar." In 45º Congresso da SGORJ XXIV Trocando Ideias. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/jbg-0368-1416-20211311057.
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Introdução: Mola hidatiforme é classificada como doença trofoblástica gestacional. O diagnóstico e o tratamento precoce impedem o avanço da doença e diminuem as repercussões clínicas. Com o avanço dos exames de imagem, permitiu-se, além do diagnóstico rápido, a definição do tratamento mais adequado. Relato de caso: Paciente feminina, branca, 12 anos, menarca aos 11 anos e sem história gestacional anterior, procurou serviço médico em razão de sangramento vaginal abundante, realizou ultrassonografia pélvica com diagnóstico de gravidez molar sem feto, submetendo-se a curetagem e repetindo esse procedimento sete dias depois. A ressonância magnética de pelve apresentou útero de dimensões aumentadas, área nodular heterogênea na parede dorsal da região fúndica uterina à direita, compatível com neoplasia trofoblástica gestacional (NTG), podendo corresponder a mola invasiva. Cavidade endometrial heterogênea com margens irregulares. Ovários tópicos de volume aumentados pela presença de múltiplos cistos (tecaluteínicos). O exame microscópico evidenciou a proliferação de trofoblastos atípicos, com quadro histológico compatível com mola hidatiforme completa. O material da segunda curetagem apresentou endométrio decidualizado, com proliferação de trofoblastos atípicos, restritos à superfície da amostra, caracterizando mola invasiva. A tomografia computadorizada (TC) de tórax demonstrou múltiplos implantes pulmonares, sendo compatível com NTG de baixo risco com metástase pulmonar. Esses dados, correlacionados a níveis séricos elevados de beta-hCG, são essenciais para o início de terapia oncológica. A paciente foi encaminhada para tratamento, iniciando quimioterapia monoterápica com três ciclos após a normalização de beta-hCG. A TC de controle, realizada após oito meses de diagnóstico, quando comparada ao exame de estadiamento, indicou o desaparecimento completo dos nódulos pulmonares. Conclusão: O tratamento mais comum da mola hidatiforme cujos valores de beta-hCG não regridem da forma esperada e dos casos de NTG de baixo risco é a quimioterapia em forma de monoterapia, que deve ser realizada ao se conjecturar o diagnóstico de mola invasora, não sendo necessário o resultado histopatológico para iniciar essa terapia. Deve-se considerar sempre a clínica apresentada, a dosagem de beta-hCG e os dados de exames de imagem. No presente relato é importante ressaltar que, ainda que houvesse implantes pulmonares indicativos de doença avançada, a classificação pelo sistema de escore da Organização Mundial da Saúde, modificada pela Federação Internacional de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia - FIGO (2002) como NTG de baixo risco, permitiu uma abordagem mais conservadora, tendo em vista a faixa etária da paciente e uma ótima resposta ao tratamento quimioterápico. A possibilidade de tratamento quimioterápico com altas taxas de cura permite preservar a fertilidade, fator este de suma importância, principalmente em pacientes jovens e sem prole constituída.
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Silva, Bruno Custódio, Fernanda Silva dos Santos, Victória Porcher Simioni, Ana Luíza Kolling Konopka, Paulo Ricardo Gazzola Zen, and Rafael Fabiano Machado Rosa. "Type 1 neurofibromatosis and its relation to the occurrence of cerebral vascular accident." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.077.
Full textAbstract:
Context: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is characterized by “café-au-lait” (CAL) spots, ephelids, cutaneous neurofibromas and iris Lisch nodules. Case report: A 63 year-old female patient came to evaluation due to NF1. She had a history of CAL spots, nodules on the skin, cognitive deficit and seizures. Chest X-ray showed several small nodules scattered in soft tissues of the thoracic wall. Magnetic resonance imaging of the skull demonstrated a possible increase in intracranial pressure. Computed tomography scan of the skull showed a hypodense area in the left hemisphere, consistent with a recent ischemic stroke. At the consultation, the patient reported episodes of headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, walking difficulty and pain in the thighs. On physical exam, she presented macrocephaly and diffuse nodular lesions. She also had masses in the abdominal and pelvic regions. On neurological exam, there was a pyramidal syndrome with right release pathway; ataxic gait; grade IV strength and Babinski sign. The patient was referred for surgical removal of the neurofibromas and died due to perioperative complications. Conclusions: Among patients with NF1, stroke is more common and occurs at a younger age than in the general population. The vasculopathy seen in NF1 involves the anterior and middle cerebral arteries, which can have serious or even fatal consequences. Anatomical vascular variants and intracranial aneurysms also occur more frequently in individuals with NF1.
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Oliveira, Vivian Barbosa de. "ASPECTOS DA HIDRONEFROSE EM PEQUENOS ANIMAIS." In I Congresso On-line Nacional de Clínica Veterinária de Pequenos Animais. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/rems/1876.
Full textAbstract:
Introdução: A hidronefrose consiste na dilatação da pelve e dos cálices renais, causando comprometimento funcional e progressivo do parênquima renal, geralmente está associada às alterações do fluxo urinário provenientes de processos obstrutivos totais ou parciais do trato urinário inferior. Objetivo: Realizar um levantamento de informações sobre a hidronefrose para que sejam compartilhadas com profissionais da área e estudantes. Materiais e Métodos: Revisão de literatura utilizando as bases de dados Scielo, Pubvet, Ars Veterinária, realizada em 2021. Resultados: O aparecimento dessa doença ocorre em média aos nove anos de idade, não há predileção por sexo ou raça. Em um estudo realizado com 1063 cães, 9,3 % das lesões do sistema urinário estão associadas a pelve renal, sendo a hidronefrose observada em 3,85% dos casos. As causas de hidronefrose são variadas, como urolitíases, inflamação crônica, neoplasias, desordens de função neurogênica, massas extrínsecas e ligadura cirúrgica acidental de ureter. A hidronefrose pode ser unilateral ou bilateral. A unilateral é causada pela obstrução dos ureteres em qualquer ponto de seu comprimento ou em sua entrada na vesícula urinária, enquanto a bilateral pode ser causada por obstrução uretral ou lesões extensas na região do trígono vesical. Normalmente permanece assintomática por longos períodos, principalmente na hidronefrose unilateral, justamente pelo rim contralateral desempenhar funções compensatórias ao rim afetado. Os pacientes acometidos comumente apresentam quadro de azotemia e falência renal. No exame ultrassonográfico é observado conteúdo anecoico no interior do sistema coletor de urina e ausência de evidências de peritonite. O rim severamente hidronefrótico pode ser contaminado por bactérias hematógenas podendo levar a pielonefrose, onde saco de parede fina fica preenchido por pús ao invés de urina. O tratamento consiste em restaurar o fluxo urinário e a nefrectomia é indicada somente em estágios mais avançados. Conclusão: A hidronefrose é uma enfermidade de diagnóstico normalmente tardio, principalmente em casos unilaterais, e quanto maior o avanço mais severo o impacto na qualidade de vida do animal, visto que afeta a hemostasia do sistema urinário, podendo levar a óbito. Portanto, torna-se essencial uma boa anamnese e exames complementares para diagnostico e tratamento da doença.
Reports on the topic "Pelvic exams"
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Burkina Faso and Mali: Female genital cutting harms women's health. Population Council, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh2000.1019.
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In collaboration with the Ministries of Health (MOH) of Burkina Faso and Mali, the Population Council conducted two studies in 1998 to describe the occurrence and severity of health problems related to female genital cutting (FGC). Study participants were consenting women who received a pelvic exam during prenatal, family planning (FP), obstetric, or gynecological consultations at MOH clinics. Providers were trained to observe the types and complications of FGC. To assess their potential role as change agents, providers in Mali also received training on the health effects of FGC and client counseling. In Burkina Faso, health providers recorded information on 1,920 women at 21 health centers in the rural provinces of Bazega and Zoundweogo. In Mali’s Bamako district and Segou region, providers recorded information on 5,390 women in 14 urban and rural health centers. As noted in this brief, women in Burkina Faso and Mali who have had their genitals cut are more likely to have gynecological and obstetrical problems, including bleeding, internal scarring, vaginal narrowing, and childbirth complications. More severe cutting increases a woman’s risk of other reproductive health problems.
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Improved reproductive health and STD services for women presenting to family planning services in North Jakarta. Final report of activities. Population Council, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1997.1011.
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The overall goal of this study was to develop an integrated program of reproductive tract infection/sexually transmitted disease (RTI/STD) clinical services within two family planning clinics in low-income neighborhoods in North Jakarta. Multiple training programs to introduce a standardized clinical evaluation for the detection, treatment, and management of RTI/STDs were conducted. Prior and subsequent to training, observations of health care provider (HCP) and client interactions were conducted to evaluate behavior changes among HCPs. Each consenting client received a standardized reproductive health history, a pelvic exam, and provided specimens for laboratory testing to detect RTIs. Through universal screening of the participants by an STD referral laboratory, 25 percent were confirmed to have one or more RTIs while 14 percent had one or more STDs. HCPs were observed by trained research assistants who recorded an itemized evaluation of HCP behavioral components. As noted in this report, the 70-item observation tool showed a preference for performing physical examinations, and a reluctance to perform history taking, education, partner treatment plans, and prevention counseling.