Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Peinture – Conservation et restauration – France'
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Jouves, Barbara. "La conservation et la restauration des tableaux des collections privées à Paris (1789-1870)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H070.
Full textConcerned about the conservation of their art collections, in the years between 1789 and 1870, Parisian amateurs called upon the services of painting restorers, who, at that time, belonged to a profession considered quite separate from that of art dealer, expert or even painter. While the restorer worked on paintings belonging to private collectors, he also acted as a guide for the latter, broadening their knowledge of Ŕ or even teaching them about Ŕ pictorial techniques. This understanding of the materiality of artworks gradually contributed to collectors being invited into museum committees as advisors, before they acquired a privileged status in museums, from the 1860s onwards, by bequeathing their collections
Vuillemard-Jenn, Anne. "La Polychromie de l'architecture gothique à travers l'exemple de l'Alsace : structure et couleur : du faux appareil médiéval aux reconstitutions du XXIe siècle." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR20047.
Full textWhereas portals monopolizes the very attention of researchers, polychromic in gothic architecture is a rarely studied area. Following vivid debates during the XIXth Century, within which Viollet-le-Duc played an essential role, a major part of the XXth Century proved its very taste centerd upon the aesthetics of plain stone. Four roughly three decades, some remnants of colourings have been noticed everywhere in Europe but their study remains isolated. A synthesis of our knowledge seemed in order. Moreover, through about a hundred Alsatian edifices we have wished to show the significance of researches on the scale of a region. It is also proper to acknowledge the various settings alterations, indeed one cannot neglict the neo gothic polychromics. At last, art historian should be linked with restorations. And the question of architectural polychromics needs to be raised : it is a work of art ? If indeed it is, then it needs to be restored using the same methods as for figurative painting
Detry, Nicolas. "Le patrimoine martyr et la restauration post bellica : théories et pratiques de la restauration des monuments historiques en Europe pendant et après la Seconde Guerre mondiale." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2120/document.
Full textRestoration of historical monuments after 1945 is based on the acceptance or the rejection of the drama of loss. I identified for major periods of restoration in Europe after WWII : 1939-1945; 1946-1972 ; 1973-1989 ; 1990-2015. In France, as opposed to Germany or Italy, historiography in architecture still does not deal much with the history of restoration post-bellica, ie with historical monuments destroyed during WWII and progressively restored afterwards. The historiographical task at hand is to study within different contexts (Germany, France, Italy, ex-Yugoslavia, etc) the practices of restoration once peace is back, ie the architectural intervention on the ruins produced by war. Although ferments of restoration (for both works of art and architecture) can be identified, in the current sense of the term, as early as the 1930’s, the discipline is going to mature under the impetus of the immense workshop of post-bellica restoration. Methods, techniques and theories, still valid today, are then produced and applied. My suggestion is that such a workshop can be considered as an European lab within which a kind of "invisible college" is at work, centered around a few major international experts. Architects, historians of art, superintendents, archeologists, natural and social scientists share their experiences and points of view. Research laboratories, universities, museums, churches, international organizations are involved from all over Europe. But Italy is at the heart of the « invisible college ». I have organized the analysis of the post bellica restoration around the question of "lacunes" (deficiency, gaps; shortcomings), first from a theoretical point of view. Then I imagined a new way, a typology of architectural shortcomings in order to explain a practical point of view and constructive comes after the repair or "reintegration of lacune (gap)". I identified different families of "lacune" (gaps) affecting older buildings caught in the war. It’s then possible to speak about "lacune" at different scales and regardless of the type of hit artefact. I wanted to guide the reader through the maze of post bellica restoration, with the "lacune" used as a red string. The hole or the fall of a fragment of plaster in a mural painting, the impact of machine gun in a stone facade, falling arches and a church structures, fractures in the rhythmic span of a facade the complete collapse of the nave and the apse of a church, the destruction of the urban fabric around a monument and the demolition of an old stone bridge are all shortcomings that make us react. That's faces these shortcomings, different each time, what post bellica restoration thought martyr heritage, subject of this thesis
Bélime-Droguet, Magali. "Les décors peints du château d'Ancy-le-Franc et leur place dans la peinture en France entre le milieu du XVIe siècle et les premières décennies du XVIIe siècle." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040146.
Full textThe chateau at Ancy-le-Franc was built for Antoine de Clermont to plans by Sebastiano Serlio. In 1546 the chateau had reached the level of the first floor and its construction was completed by around 1550. As soon as the main fabric was finished, Antoine de Clermont turned his attention to the interior decoration of his residence, doing his best to attract first-class artists to the site: Primatice and Nicolo dell'Abbate. On the death of Antoine de Clermont (1579), Ancy-le-Franc became the property of his grandson, Charles-Henry de Clermont-Tonnerre. The latter launched in his turn a grandiose campaign of decoration which began shortly before 1596. That is how certain of the decorative cycles executed at Ancy-le-Franc were influenced by paintings belonging to the Second School of Fontainebleau. Using a stylistic approach, we have been able to attribute five decorative cycles of this second campaign to Nicolas de Hoey, a painter of Flemish origin established in Dijon
Freni, Valentina. "Apport de l'imagerie scientifique à la caractérisation des pigments des œuvres du peintre orientaliste Etienne Dinet." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS261.
Full textThis research aims to contribute to the study and characterization of the pigments used by the French painter Étienne Dinet at the dawn of the 20th century. Our approach draws on painting manuals written by the artist (Les fléaux de la peinture), in which he shows his search for materials to be used in painting. Based on these writings, a database of scientific photographs and reflectance spectra (visible and near infrared) was created to determine the pigments used in his paintings. Seven paintings were then studied. Scientific imaging enabled us to characterize the painter’s palette, especially when we had the opportunity to combine several analytical techniques producing complementary data. We have thus shown the value of using a set of non-invasive imaging techniques simultaneously for pigment characterization: no pictorial material is required and the low amount of light radiation during measurements does not affect its conservation. Technical photography can provide a lot of information about the state of preservation of a painting and allows us to detect restoration interventions done over time. It also allows us to make hypotheses about the painter’s palette. To confirm these hypotheses, analyses such as X-ray fluorescence and hyperspectral imaging, which provide more accurate information and more direct interpretation, are required
Katsutani, Yuko. "Les peintures murales de Saint-Bonnet-le-Château : à la recherche de leur auteur (fin du XIVe-début du XVe s.)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAG044.
Full textThe murals paintings of the lower chapel in Saint-Bonnet-le-Château’s collegiate church present a rich iconographic program, assuming a succession of distinct sponsors at the beginning of the 15th century. The first phase was religious devotion from the wealthy bourgeoisie; the second one affected the decoration of the vault in Anne Dauphine’s initiative, and represented the Musician Angels, an elaborate iconography, inspired by the example of Le Mans, in the memory of the duchess’s late husband, Louis II duke of Bourbon. The talent of the artist, Louis Vobis, was to link the different artistic styles. The iconographic and stylistic study defines the models and the aesthetics of the master who had his training in Avignon and Paris. In Avignon he was influenced by the Italian style and in Paris studied under Duke of Berry in the miniaturist style. He had influenced by the Savoyard art too
Le, Fur Daniel. "La peinture murale des temples de Karnak : technique, conservation, restauration." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010567.
Full textRavaud, Elisabeth. "La radiographie des peintures : apport en histoire de l'art, en histoire des techniques et en conservation-restauration." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010513.
Full textMartin, Catherine. "La peinture d'histoire sous la Restauration (1814-1830) en France." Bordeaux 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR30051.
Full textIn France, as far back as the XVIIth century, the historical painting stands at the top of pictural styles, as codified by the Academy. Privileged by the succeeding monarchs and regimes, it embraces both art history and politics. It means prestige, magnificence and superiority for whom approaches or underwrites it. The question can be asked whether the French revolution in 1789 marks the turning point of its development and an underlying classical theory. The breach with the monarchy adds a new relationship with history and the appearance of often short new government forms. Jacques Louis David (1748-1825), the neoclassicism Master, remains the supreme reference in Historical painting along with Raphae͏̈l and Poussin, even after 1815. Is there, then, a possibility of keeping up the level of the French school? Are there other solutions apart from the classical model or the new romantic reclaiming? From the aesthetics point of view, can Historical painting be reduced to rivalry betweeen two factions? This also brings about some questions regarding methods
Chevalier, Aurélia. "Comment concevoir un protocole d'application des technologies laser et nanogels pour la conservation/restauration des peintures sur toile." Paris, ENSAM, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ENAM0035.
Full textThe research in conservation needs to bring together different and complementary expertises. An innovative method integrating lasers and nanogels is proposed for the conservation of easel paintings. This research takes advantage of the scientific approach of chemists and physicists who accepted to work in a collaborative way with art historians, curators and conservators. Such an innovation has paramount consequences in the traditional practice proper of the conservators and the profession may so be foreseen in a new perspective with industrial aspects. That's why the input of the Product Design and Innovation Laboratory (LCPI) of the Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Arts et Métiers (ENSAM) was decisive for achieving an integrated method to a profession which may be characterised by a long term tradition applying techniques derived from artistic practices. The dissertation is divided in five chapters which are characteristic of the problematic of the present research work. In a first step, a synthetic documentation is brought to light to emphasize the traditional practices of the painting conservators, how the French collections emerged after the Renaissance and how the French Cultural heritage was formed. The second chapter described the research problematic, after presenting the questions asked by the classical means to extract the lining adhesives. Lasers and nanogels are then hypothetically proposed to replace in due time the mechanical (scalpel) and chemical (conventional gels) methods. The third chapter is so devoted to the definition of the methodological model, to the proposition of an experimental program able to end the deadlock in the removal of ancient lining products. This program is based on the knowledge of the laser-matter interactions and of the effective action of chemical gels on the various adhesives considered. The fourth chapter presents the experimental results and the interpretation is validated by several methods as holographic interferometry. The fifth and last chapter is the synthesis of our research, describes the innovative methodology based on a scientific model in order to remove the adhesives of ancient linings before any conservation work. This research is achieved inside a “Profession” process which leads to a controlled and reproducible protocol integrating innovative methods. This methodology takes care of the sustainable development, of the environmental considerations and does not forget the experienced eyes of the practitioners
Jarjanette-Broussaud, Virginie. "La restauration des peintures murales et des mosaïques dans l'Antiquité romaine." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA041053.
Full textMalservisi, Franca. "La restauration architecturale en France : deux siècles de pratique ordinaire." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005VERS019S.
Full textThe history of architectural restoration is an area of history that so far has been studied only occasionally. This research project proposes to establish a history of restoration through the changes in practice in order to formulate hypotheses based on material transformations caused by restoration work. Our project includes seven case studies of monuments classified as Historic Monuments for which successive restorations have been studied on the basis of their classification until the 1980s. The monuments selected are buildings of small dimensions. This choice of examples enabled us to focus our attention on less studied buildings. These buildings reveal different aspects of restoration methods in a much clearer fashion than "great landmarks". The analysis of restoration work mainly covers two aspects. The first aspect, a more technical one, deals with the understanding and critical evaluation of restoration projects and their implementation. The second aspect is the point of view of the history of architecture, which makes it possible to describe the esthetic phenomenon, the meaning of changes, and their impact on the perception of a work of architecture. This study includes a chronological presentation of the different restoration projects studied, and then the recurrent problems are discussed in a transversal way. This research enabled us to highlight the strong continuity in the approach to the preservation and restoration of historic buildings and to shed light on the specific areas in which the changes in architectural design as well as cultural changes led to changes in restoration practices
Schmitt, Camille. "Conservation traditionnelle des calligraphies et des peintures chinoises montées en rouleaux, à partir des textes de la dynastie Ming (1367-1644)." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040175.
Full textThe conservation of Chinese scrolls starts with the full comprehension of the picture and its mounting material : paper, silk, adhesives, ink, colours with studied through the Ming dynasty texts. It points out the conservative preoccupation of the mounters. The study of the of the Ming mounting through the Ming texts shows that the vocabulary and aesthetics in mounting take their roots in the dynasty. Damaged scrolls only are to be remounted, and the restorer uses a treatment similar as a medicine. But the Chinese notion of conservation still enhance the uses of preventive methods, such as the precaution taken when opening and closing a scroll, exhibiting, and storing them, which are of the collector's responsibility
Vecco, Marilena. "Évolution économique du concept de conservation." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010041.
Full textBidaud, Camille. "La doctrine des Monuments historiques en France d'après Paul Léon (1874-1962)." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC2205/document.
Full textGuided by the hypothesis that the doctrine of Historic Monuments - between theoretical positions, subjective assessments and opportunistic arbitrations - has been the blind spot in restoration in France since the end of the 19th century, the objective of this doctoral thesis is to reopen this issue, based on the texts and decisions of Paul Léon (1874-1962), the main head of the historic monuments Department in the interwar period. Although his role is, today, often forgotten. In fact, Paul Léon has had an exemplary career at the Fine-Arts. He was head of the Historic Monuments Department from 1907 to 1932, a member of the Commission from 1907 to 1962 and Director of Fine Arts from 1919 to 1932. He is also the historiographer of the Department.Through his many writings, he was the main author of the propaganda of the historic monuments Department during the first half of the 20th century. Paul Leon justifies the practices by creating a theoretical framework for them without clearly stating the doctrine, without this being felt. The study of these texts, remarkable for their coherence and chronological distribution, reveals the continuity of the underlying doctrinal elements and allows to observe their effects on the work carried out.It is therefore also necessary to question the practice led by Paul Léon, through the architectural analysis of completed projects as three flagship restorations of the period —Saint-Remi de Reims, the Flemish squares of Arras and the Papal Palace in Avignon—, which makes possible to understand the practices of the Department. This analysis also allows to observe the points of consistency and omissions in Paul Léon's texts and the influence of practice on speeches
Marcon, Bertrand. "Hygromécanique des panneaux en bois et conservation du patrimoine culturel : des pathologies... aux outils pour la conservation." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00704301.
Full textMarcon, Bertrand. "Hygromécanique des panneaux en bois et conservation du patrimoine culturel : des pathologies... aux outils pour la conservation." Phd thesis, Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20266.
Full textUp to the end of the Renaissance, wood was the main support for the art painting, mainly because of its softness, easy way to work with and its mechanical resistance (the specific resistance of the poplar can be compared with the one of the steel) and its good durability. Since a long time, restoration ateliers have preferred to keep secret the problems of conservation and restoration of these wood paintings. Some of them have open their minds now, and there is need for an understanding of phenomenons; this is why they work in an open relationship with scientists. Two approaches have been considered in this work. On the one hand, discussions restoration and conservation people, in order to find solution suited to their needs. On the other hand, the involved phenomenon involved are really complex, consequently, there is also the need for the development of specifics tools. These tools have to take into account the mechanical structure, humidity and specific characteristics of wood. One of the goal is to predict the painting behaviour along time, first with the study of their actual state, by the in-situ monitoring of the shape (preferably non-destructive, without contact, optical measuring). It was also necessary to develop some experiments, as characterisation test, wood material behaviour modelling, in order to to predict wooden painting evolution. Applications of these study were mainly concerning the analysis of the painting Mona Lisa, the Couronnement d'épines and of recent curative technics (frame with springs for example)
Kerouanton, Jean-Louis. "Investissement religieux et architecture en Maine-et-Loire : 1840-1940 : les églises paroissiales." Rennes 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998REN20019.
Full textThe rebuilding of parish churches is a phenomenon which particularly affects the west of France in the XIXth century. More than two third of Maine-et-Loire parishes, which confuse with Angers'diocese, are concerned by this rebuilding between 1840 and 1940. But it's in fact nearly the whole territory which is concerned all those works realised. This study, realised thanks to catalogue published by each parish, applies not only to the most important and large works campaigns but also to the most modest such as repairing or expansions. Then different actors, priests and architects, " fabriques ", towns, state, intervene with their complementarities or their oppositions. The geography taking shape not only takes care of the practical and religious attitudes, with a traditional eastern and western dichotomy in Maine-et- Loire. The geography leads up to a different logic which is more adapted to public and council equipments, answering to the population needs
Lemaitre, Capucine. "La découverte, la restauration et la sauvegarde des mosai͏̈ques antiques en France au XIXème siècle." Rennes 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN20046.
Full textAssociated with the notion of national antiquities and " historical monument ", the history of the conservation of antique mosaics comes within the framework of the patrimonial universe in the 19th century. The discipline progresses from the " 1er Empire " to the First World War, within multiple policies of conservation conducted by national museums, the Commission of historical monuments and local erudition nets. Italy has given the first models of restored mosaics on which antiquarians and architects based their conception of the Antiquity. Birthplace of roman and venitian schools of mosaic, Italy provided France with practitioners who brought their artistic skills as well as their restoration technics. Thus, they allowed France to pass on its ancient heritage to future generations. The restoration as a mirror of an emerging doctrine and subject to archeological knowledge disparities and different cultural policies of the moment, is characterized by a multitude of choices and results. It begins with a complete and idealized restitution of antique work and progresses towards a limited intervention so as to preserve the integrity of the archeological proof
Auduc, Arlette. "Le service des monuments historiques de 1830 à 1940." Paris, EPHE, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EPHE4065.
Full textFrom 1830 to 1840 is built an original old monuments protection system, placed under the control of the State which assigns to these monuments an essential political role in the construction of a unified national memory. The thesis studies the doctrine of protection and conservation of the historic buildings, the installation of an administration with its central organization, its “scientific” personnel (general inspectors, commission of the historic buildings) and technique personnel (architects), the construction of a true right of the inheritance as well as the resources available to the service to conclude its missions. That around a few key moments: difficult years of training, the years 1880-1890 which see the first structuring of the service, the law of separation of the Church and the State (1905) which requires a complete reorganization, which transforms the doctrines of conservation and which leads to the law of December 31, 1913, then the inter-war period after the damage of the war and the controversies which followed it. But this evolution is not completely linear. Are also approached resistances and failures in length and progressive process of increase in capacities in the State what obliges to study the relations with the learned societies, the elected officials (local and national), the private owners and to examine the policies which one does not name yet patrimonial of the various political regimens which follow one another between 1830 and 1940
Genty, Anaïs. "Les chancis des vernis et des couches picturales des peintures de chevalet à l'huile : Contribution à la caractérisation physico-chimique, à la connaissance des mécanismes de formation et aux traitements de restauration." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CERG0910/document.
Full textBlanching of easel oil paintings is a recurrent alteration, induced by humidity. It affects varnish and paint layers. Depending on the degree of alteration, the paint composition can be partially or totally hidden by a whitish haze. The analysis of circa 50 altered and unaltered paint micro-samples by field-emission gun scanning electron microscopy revealed a highly porous structure in both varnish and paint altered layers, with pores ranging in size from 50 nm to 4 µm. Regarding the blanching of paint layer, in-depth investigation performed by X-ray phase contrast nanotomography highlighted that pores are located in the binder. The visual appearance of altered layers is due to the light scattering by the pores, which was corroborated by computational modeling.A physico-chemical model was proposed to explain the pores formation. It is based on the fact that the varnish and the lipidic binder can be assimilated to ionomers, where carboxylic acids and metal carboxylates segregate to form ionic clusters. In a humid environment, the clusters get hydrated inducing the formation of aqueous regions. During the dehydration, the water is drained out from them, but the pores remains. The blanching emergence is thus directly linked to the quantity of acids and their ability to form clusters. Conservation treatments will be efficient and sustainable only if they resorb or durably fill the pores, in order to reduce the light scattering. For the blanching of paint layers, current treatments are not very effective over time. A new innovative treatment has been developed and tested on mock-ups and ancient altered paintings. The results are very promising in terms of stability, efficiency, durability and reversibility. This research will undoubtedly have a major impact, fullfilling a real requirement for the conservation of blanched easel oil paintings
Aquilina, Manuelle. "Regards sur le Moyen Age, émergence et mise en communication d'un patrimoine médiéval : les remparts urbains aux XIXème et XXème siècles en Bretagne." Rennes 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REN20007.
Full textAt the beginning of the 19th century, Breton towns are constricted by their medieval walls. Two centuries later, they feel proud of having preserved and enhanced this heritage. When the upkeep of urban walls became the bailiwick of Breton municipalities, the old fortifications were dealt with as any other piece of real estate, still, urbanistic inertia furthered passive preservation. The wish to preserve this historical heritage, backed by local erudites, merged at national level with the steps followed by the Commission for Historical Monuments. The acknowledgement of ramparts as historical monuments, both by populations and municipalities, resulted in numerous efforts which at times only occurred very late in the 20th century. Nevertheless, after a problematic integration into the sphere of heritage, medieval walls have become a major asset in the field of media communication over the last twenty years, and they are often used to back up the patrimonial communication of towns
Verjat, Armelle. "La gestion privée des monuments historiques privés : structures et outils juridiques et fiscaux." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA111008.
Full textLEE, EUN-SEOK. "L'architecture industrielle en france et son rayonnement depuis les annees 1980 : technique et image." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010604.
Full textThe thesis consisting of two main parts begins with the extension of new possibilities for architectural technology and company image found in modern industrial architecture. The first part considers the influence which has been exerted on modern industrial architecture in france and the change of enterprisers' understanding of architecture according to the sudden change in industrial society since 1970's. The second part examines thompson, a representative of the most advanced electronic companies in france and other industrial factories which c. Vasconi, valode & pistre, and r. Piano, industrial architects, had designed, and then reveals their new architectural concepts: vasconi expresses the power of company metaphorically through factory monuments, valode and pistre lay emphasis on human relationships within the factory by enlarging the space of operation, and piano suggests the protection of nature and the revival of manual labour by introducing natural elements into the factory and respecting the existing environment. In conclusion, modern industrial architecture, on one hand, has been devoted to the development of technology and material. On the other hand, it seems to have tried to find clues to the solution of social problems which arise in working places and of limitations of architectural form and fuction
Chen, Meiho. "Recherche de nouvelles formes et structures dans le domaine de la restauration et la création de l'oeuvre d'art dans une perspective éducative : création artistique et restauration d'une oeuvre d'art à partir de l'exemple de la création d'une oeuvre murale." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082271.
Full textThe conservation and preservation of cultural properties have merged into one subject in Taiwan since 21 September 1999, the date of worst earthquake in the last one hundred years. This earthquake damaged irreparably some cultural treasures with the result that learned men are in a hurry to find some methods to prevent these events from re-occurring. The study of the relationship between creativity and restoration has application in preserving new creations for the future. The temple represents spiritual centers in the chinese society of Taiwan. This is one exemple of sacred places that encourage creativity. The mosaic mural in the temple of Mother, The Fourth Celestial being, is a creative work showing the utmost inspiration devide of revelation as perceived in a dream
Telese, Raffaella. "Il restauro dell'architettura del XX secolo : il caso francese." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004VERS029S.
Full textSebbene indagato da ricercatori e tecnici da almeno un ventennio, il tema del restauro dell'architettura moderna e contemporanea conserva a tutt'oggi immutata la sua attualità in ambito internazionale. Molto eterogene et sono infatti le posizioni teoriche ed ideologiche rispetto al patrimonio ed all'architettura moderna in ambito internazionale. Spesso contraddette da una pratica operativa troppo frettolosamente orientata verso soluzioni di ripristino dello stato originario, esse oscillano fra la linea dell' unita di metodo, per l'intervento tanto sia sul patrimonio antico che sul moderno, e quella della diversificazione specialistica, giustificata da una serie di caratteristiche e di fattori peculiari di volta attribuiti all'architettura del Novecento. In questo variegato panorama internazionale particolarmente interessante ci è sembrata la posizione francese, caratterizzata da un lungo processo di maturazione attraverso il quale è stata infine predisposta una precisa strategia di tutela e di valorizzazione dell'architettura del XX secolo. L'analisi della pratica del restauro dell'architettura del XX secolo in Francia, nel suo aspetto tecnico e metodologico, constituisce infatti il contributo centrale e originale di questo lavoro, concepito come una dettagliata indagine sul terreno attraverso l'esperienza concreta e attuale di undici cantieri di restauro condotti, fra la line degli anni Novanta e l'anno corrente. L'obiettivo di questo contributo è di fornire il supporto di conoscenze e di elementi indispensabili alla formulazione di considerazioni critiche sulla pratica francese del restauro del patrimonio recente
Pillet, Elisabeth. "La restauration des vitraux des églises paroissiales de Paris de la Révolution à 1880." Paris, EPHE, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EPHEA001.
Full textAt the begining of the nineteenth century, the Paris churches stained glasses were in a sorry condition. This sad condition is the result of the maintenance made by glaziers, the lighting campaigns during the eighteenth century and the vandalism during the French Revolution. The first restorations can only be part of a greater movement of the ancient technics rediscovery. So Georges Bontemps, the director of the Choisy le Roy glassworks, created a process to make red glass. From 1843- to 18454, the authotities of Paris started an ambitious restoration program with the sixteenth century stained glasses of the Virgin chapel in the parish church of Saint- Gervais. From 1845 to the end of the nineteenth century, one artist, trained as a painter, Prosper Lafaye, got almost all the restoration works of the city. He collaborated with Charles Denis, the official glazier of the capital under the architect Victor Baltard's authority. He only had a few competitors: the workshops Gsell-Laurent, Joseph Félon and Edouard Didron. At the third republic, the restoration orders began to lessen and the last work of Lafaye, made between 1876 and 1879, marqued the end of an area. The works that occurred afterwards were created in a completely different spirit and with different people
Rascle, Pauline. "Biologie et écologie d'une population isolée : exemple d'Eryngium viviparum et perspectives pour sa conservation en France." Thesis, Brest, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BRES0075/document.
Full textThe geographical isolation is an important threat for the long term preservation of populations. It is crucial to understand how the viability of populations is affected in such context, in particular to define conservation priorities. Eryngium viviparum J.Gay (Apiaceae) is one of the most endangered plant in Europe, with a fragmented distribution between the NW of the Iberian peninsula and Brittany. ln France, the species is maintained only on a single locality, after the destruction of its habitat by human activities during 1980s. Despite a conservation program and an attentive management within a protected area, the strong isolation experimented by this population bring up questions about its long-term viability. In this context, through a multidisciplinary approach, this thesis aims to improve the biological and ecological knowledge of E. viviparum, and more particularly within its last French population. This thesis is organized according three main axes : (1) The study of large-scale E. viviparum ecological amplitude, and the characterization of its fine scale ecological preferences within the last french population. (2) The viability evaluation of the isolated population according to its demographic modalities, and to its genetic structure in comparison with Iberian populations. (3) The experiment of its reintroduction modalities in France.The results of this study will contribute to define the long-term conservation priorities of E. viviparum in France. Finally, the case of E. viviparum is a good model to study the effect of the isolation on an isolated population dynamic, and to apply adapted conservation for species in a similar context
Durand, Isabelle. "Politiques patrimoniales et conservation des monuments antiques (amphithéâtres, théâtres et temples) à Arles, Nîmes, Orange et Vienne au XIXe siècle." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX10073.
Full textVan, Leeuwen Claire. "Les monuments d'architecture parisiens : pratiques patrimoniales et représentations (1790-1840) : genèse d'une conservation du patrimoine." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010562.
Full textDelas, Raphaële. "Aimé et Louis Duthoit, derniers imagiers du Moyen âge : un atelier de création et de restauration de sculpture médiévale à Amiens au XIXe siècle (1820-1870)." Amiens, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AMIE0013.
Full textLetissier, Fanny. "Les temps de l'urbanité : habiter le patrimoine à Paris." Reims, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REIML002.
Full textAn original conceptual and methodological reflection has been realised to understand the new social practices and representations of urbanity. This research settled on the urban logics of conservation and change, through an heritage’s point of view ; this one can be considered as a contemporary space and time indicator. First of all, a thougt about the actual conception of heritage has been made, then a detailed ground investigation has been realised in Paris. To avoid the cut of this concept, the notions of continuity and project have been of practices, representations, desires and identities of permanent and non permanent inhabitants of Paris made up our methodology. Moreover, it was essential to extract to the dichotomy of old places/new places to apprehend urban places and the city, as spaces with different temporal systems which consider to urban heritage as a progress contributing to urban making. This thesis demonstrates that a common heritage grows up in urban space and that a positive assessment of contemporaneous urbanity reflects past and future times of urbanity. In this way, the city by itself, through the inhabitant’s assessments represents an heritage by the end
Brucculeri, Antonio. "L'architecture classique en France et l'approche historique de Louis Hautecoeur : sources, méthodes et action publique." Paris 8, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA082134.
Full textThis thesis combines two aspects: the intellectual and professional biography of the art's historian Louis Hautecœur (1884-1973) and the definition of the notion "classical architecture" in France. Hautecœur develops this notion on one hand through his new way of looking at an historical cycle, on the other hand taking part in the contemporary architectonic and cultural debate. According to the hypothesis carried out by this research, his Histoire de l'architecture classique en France (1943-1957), conceived and constructed in a rigorous way, following "archaeological" principles, takes on a didactic value not only for preservation of architectonic heritage but also for the project of contemporary architecture, so justifying the historian's action in both these fields. This thesis means to modify the usual point of view about a chief work in the historiography of French architecture: such a work is not reducible to a piece of academic erudition, but it is expression of a knowledge belonging to a wider intellectual horizon, involving first of all the dimension of present time
Rodriguez, Laura. "Savoir agir avec la nature : entre écologie scientifique, valeurs collectives et conceptions du monde." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTG069/document.
Full textIn the current regime of ecological crisis, one generally expects actions and decisions about environmental issues to be enlighten by scientific knowledge. The aim of this thesis is to challenge this view by investigating how ecological knowledge and actions on nature are linked. I propose to study the interweaving between ecological knowledge, collective values and conceptions of nature in documents related to three types of actions (conservation in a nature reserve, environmental impact assessment, and ecological restoration). I lean on a field study where these actions are embodied, the plain of Crau (Bouches-du-Rhône, France). First, I examine how different types of ecological knowledge are translated in (and are influenced in return by) specific actions. I show that, in addition to the practical constraints of any action, this mutual relation is shaped by scientific cultural dynamics, as well as historical trajectories of these knowledges and actions. Then, I explain how the need to guarantee both credibility and legitimacy create an inherent tension in environmental actions. Finally, I explore how knowledge is based on preconceptions about our relationships with nature, and lead to specific ways of acting. From these insights, I suggest some trails to know and act differently with nature in the context of current ecological issues
Couray, Bapsolle Géraldine. "Patrimoine religieux en Languedoc-Roussillon 1789-1914 : étude de cas en milieu urbain." Toulouse 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU20072.
Full textAfter the disruption due to the Revolution, laws must be drawn up in order to manage at the same time the maintenance and the restoration of the churches and the cathedrals ruined by many years of closing down or reallocation. Then, the preference is particulary given to the cathedrals built in Northern gothic style of the 13th century. The architects restore the churches according to those models and sometimes they do it to the detriment of the respect of their archeological authenticity. In fact, as they want to achieve and to restore them as they should be, they transmute them into real "objets d'art". Simultaneously, the liturgical reorganization and the signifiant increase of the population set the upheaval of their architecture as well as of their decor. Finally, the extension of the cities and progress create
Rannou, Nolwenn. "L' exercice de l'architecture et de la restauration en France au XIXe siècle : la carrière de Joseph Bigot (1807-1894), architecte finistérien." Rennes 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN20003.
Full textThis study dedicated to Joseph Bigot (1807-1894) will examine the works of a prolific architect (about 400 interventions) who plied his trade in the Finistere region from 1835 to 1892. Trained by highway engineers and by the architect Seheult (Nantes), he started as a departmental architect then acceded to the function of diocesan architect. His position as the only representative of his profession in the civil building departemental commission until 1873 and as the bishop's adviser entitled him to control all the public and religious orders. Besides his official functions, he also practised a liberal profession and took an active part of the local cultural and political life. Influenced by the rationalism and medieval art, he essentially put a typological eclecticism into practice. He constructed several schools and presbyteries, the Keriolet neogothic castle and 29 churches. His practice of restoration made him stand out too (he achieved the spires of the Quimper cathedral)
Bernabé, Emmanuelle. "Les mécanismes d'altération des monuments historiques en environnement océanique et rural : application à la conservation de l'église Saint Nonna de Penmarc'h et de Basilique Notre-Dame du Folgoët." Aix-Marseille 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX30123.
Full textWelger-Barboza, Corinne. "Le devenir documentaire du patrimoine artistique : perméabilités du musée aux technologies numériques." Dijon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998DIJOL023.
Full textThe hypothesis is put forward of a convergence between an anticipated entrance of contemporary art works into the artistic heritage, and the process of documenting these works - a process facilitated both by hypermedia techniques and by an increasingly industrialized cultural context. Although museum professionals use these techniques of archiving and numerical distribution for documentary purposes, they are in fact designed for a general public that has embraced the ideology of the + virtual. More importantly, this new trend of a documentary approach to art creates a situation in which numerical technologies are able to gain entrance into the art-heritage world. In return, these same technologies assist in the documentation of the works that constitute our heritage by offering increased accessibility to image and information -related resources - the aim being to provide an exhaustive record of this universal heritage (including all periods and geographical regions) that will be available to users in such a way that temporal and spatial considerations are no longer a factor. These transformations are examined from a historical perspective in which we see the institutional construction of an art heritage system that begins with the french revolution. It then becomes clear that the contemporary manner of bringing works into the fold of the national art heritage is different in that it appears to be based on an anticipatory mode, a mode thats is operative in all those areas of social and cultural production that are concerned by a policy of extensive heritage inclusion
Dupont, Robin. "Archéologie et patrimoine : étude sur la mise en valeur des villae romaines en Europe occidentale." Pau, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PAUU1001.
Full textThe first part treats legal frameworks and history of the valorization of the « villae ». Then, the prerogatives observed before the sites scenic treatments are studied. The medical assessment of the ruins puts forward the causes, the consequences and the mechanisms of deteriorations of the real structures and the decorations of the « villae ». In response, the devices are stared to gaurantee the perenniality of the vestiges. The second part testifies to an undeniable attractivity and exploitation of tourist potential of for the « villae ». The raised frequentation makes it possible to bring fourth explanations concerning these fluctuations. Then, the main thermes relating to the valorization of a villa are established, like the vegetation of approval or consumption, water, the mosaics and the parietal decorations. Thirdig, we note the muliplicity of the sites where the key words are « to preserve and animate », without forgetting the historical compromise and the archaeological constraint. Still let us evoke a technique often used for the public presentation of archaeological materials : the reconstitution. The archaeological site is also a place of multi-field activities programs, formation and appreciation of ancien civilization for the children
Lenoir-Quintard, Magalie. "Entretenir un monument gothique sous l'Ancien Régime : la Sainte Chapelle du Palais." Paris, EPHE, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EPHE499A.
Full textAt the end of teh XVIIIth century, the Sainte Chapelle of Paris was in a rather disconcerting state: although an essential monument binding the french monarchy to the holy relics of the Passion, thus offering both the relics and their royal protector to the common worship of the french people, the building and its decorations were in a surprisingly severe condition. The present analysis of the maintenance and embellishments made to the Sainte Chapelle between the end of the middle-ages and 1795 is therefore restoring an essential part of its history, through a study of general repairs and daily maintenance operations carried on the structure itself, as well as on its decoration, furniture and liturgical ornaments. The methodology used mixing institutional analysis, identification of economic trends and review of artistic evolutions could be applied to the other monuments of the french "Ancien Regime". It provides interesting insights on the role of dedicated personnel buildings, part of an institution distorting the allocation of funds at the expense of the monument's maintenance. It provides also useful hints on the evolution of medieval monuments, suffering from the vicissitudes of time and changing esthetical taste. The incomes dedicated to the Sainte Chapelle and the efforts made to maintain and embellish the monument finally reveal an already existing sense of heritage. A more thorough appraisal has yet to be made of its influence in medieval and modern architecture
Savoy, Bénédicte. "Les spoliations de biens culturels opérées par la France en Allemagne autour de 1800." Paris 8, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA081924.
Full textHangan, Sandu. "Les premiers bétons armés dans l’architecture des églises catholiques en France (1890-1940) : une fusion entre innovation et tradition à l’épreuve de la restauration contemporaine." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Est, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024PESC2002.
Full textThis research explores a period of half a century (1890-1940) during which the new technique of reinforced concrete underwent exponential growth, moving from a primitive phase of individual experimentation to a classic phase of conventional practices. Thanks to its reliance on centuries-old models, religious architecture serves as a revealer of this phenomenon of collective appropriation. Assimilation, innovation or interpretation are immediately exposed against this stable programmatic background. The selected buildings are representative both for the different currents of artistic ideas and for the profusion of variations of the early reinforced concrete in France. Only a typological analysis can systematically organize the vast corpus, because examination by styles is intricate in the face of the architectural and decorative complexity translated into rationalist, neo-medieval, regionalist or art-deco influences, often used in a puzzling way. Indeed, these churches, mostly listed today as historic monuments, represent the rear-guard of eclecticism and the last witnesses of the traditional art of building preceding the industrialization of construction. Their reinforced concretes are made in a craftsmanship manner and bear traces of imperfections which today raise specific preservation questions. The subject of restoration and maintenance of reinforced concrete churches is presented through technical, heritage and environmental topics. The first reinforced concretes are fragile and can be restored by special, invasive, expensive and sometimes labile means, while there are very few restoration sites treating the building as a whole. The experience of architects is still recent in this field, which means that the definition of a shared methodology for restoring the first reinforced concrete remains an open subject
Fiori, Ruth. "La construction d'une conscience patrimoniale parisienne à la fin du XIX siècle : acteurs, pratiques et représentations (1884-1914)." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010572.
Full textGourbin, Patrice. "Les monuments historiques de 1938 à 1959 : une administration au service de l'architecture." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010541.
Full textTremblay, Annick. "Restauration et interprétation de l'oeuvre d'art : J. Purves Carter et la visibilité de la collection de peintures du Séminaire de Québec (1907-1912)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33984.
Full textChenevez, Alain. "La Saline d'Arc-et Senans- : étude socio-historique d'une conversion culturelle. : de l'usine vivante au patrimoine mondial de l'Unesco : entre mémoire et justification utopique." Besançon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BESA1027.
Full textThe Arc-et-Senans saltworks, today a cultural center, was a factory from 1778 to 1895. A first chapter relates the working-class life during the industrial concern. Administrative data partly retrace the social history of the saltworkers' world. Besides, the saltworks reached an exceptional status when they were inscribed on the Unesco world heritage list in 1982. A second chapter relates the history of conciliation, compromises, but also conflicts, exclusions and choices among various destinations or uses of the site. Cooperations, interdependencies networks, original interactions have allowed a particular transformation of the previous saltworks. The originality, in this case, is a cultural reconversion that is not in relationship with the history of the living factory, but based on Claude-Nicolas Ledoux's architecture, that is now considered as one of an utopia's essential elements
Callais, Chantal. "De l'équipement public au monument historique, les architectes et la fonction publique d'Etat au XIXe siècle : à corps perdu, Pierre-Théophile Segretain architecte, 1789-1864." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009VERS024S.
Full textTrained in Paris with Louis Bruyère, after one year at Polytechnique, Segretain joined his native Deux-Sèvres, where he is nominated as architect of the Department at the age of 26 years. Fascinated by the new programs of Public Works, he commits himself, with the total confidence of his Inspector General Mérimée, enthusiastically to the first restorations of historic buildings. Nourished by the culture of public service transmitted by his Master, he defends the idea of the creation of a hierarchically structured body of State architects, just like the civil engineers, that will however, never see the light of day except in the field of cultural heritage. By comparing the status of the “architects of the government” on the whole of the French territory, outside Paris, during the XIXth century, it is possible to identify variations and common points between the departmental services of the civil building which entrusted to the local government increasingly move away from the central state control
Leclère, Jérémy. "Modèles prédictifs des peuplements de juvéniles 0+ de poisson en grands cours d'eau : outil pour la gestion et la restauration." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MNHN0006.
Full textRiver management is supported by the use of numerous biological indicators in order to assess ecosystems condition, to identify the origin of disturbances and to provide valuable information on the possible restoration measures. In large river systems, some limitations have been highlighted for the fish-based indicators, which are usually built on adult populations. These limitations are related to their ability to disentangle disturbance sources and to assess the effectiveness of river bank rehabilitation works, which represent a large part of current restoration acts in these systems. Indicators based on young-of-the-year (YOY) fishes should overcome these limitations since YOYs are strongly sensitive to their environment and occupy specific habitat reflecting their biological requirements. This thesis aims to develop a preliminary multi-metric index, strictly based on young-of-the-year fishes, in order to assess the ecological integrity of riparian habitats of large river systems
Hullo-Pouyat, Céline. "La restauration monumentale en question : la réforme de 1985 : la circulaire du 5 août 1985 relative aux études préalables et son application." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040031.
Full textWas the institutionalization of conservation plans for scheduled monuments by the circular letter of the 5th August 1985 an innovation for the French department of historic monuments? To which main theory and history books the overhaul is referred? Was the overhaul only an administration reform or reflect a cultural movement to have a better understanding of significance of historic monuments? Has the resort to conservation plans modified practices of project managers? How are the relationship between the owner's needs and the value of historical, architectural and technical monuments? The main objective was not only to rationalize the management of works but also to gather and record all information before, during and after carrying out the conservation works. Another objective was to reaffirm the power and efficiency of the Central State for the cost of conservation plans and conservation works and for the standardization of the documents provided by project managers. The overhaul was calling into question at the end of the century, which could be seen as a political will for decentralization
Maire, Anthony. "Comment sélectionner les zones prioritaires pour la conservation et la restauration des communautés de poissons de rivière ? Applications aux échelles de la France et du Pas-de-Calais." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2014. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/13313/1/Maire.pdf.
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