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Lockton, Jane, Melissa Oxlad, and Clemence Due. "Grandfathers’ Experiences of Grief and Support Following Pregnancy Loss or Neonatal Death of a Grandchild." Qualitative Health Research 31, no. 14 (November 12, 2021): 2715–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10497323211041331.
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Pregnancy loss and neonatal death are recognized as distressing experiences for parents and other family members. However, no research has specifically addressed the experiences of grandfathers. This study aimed to understand grandfathers’ grief experiences, and to identify supports they provide, receive, and desire following the loss of a grandchild in pregnancy or the neonatal period. Semi-structured interviews with 10 Australian grandfathers were analyzed, applying principles of thematic analysis. Three themes related to grief and three themes related to support were identified. Findings indicated that grandfathers expressed grief in a range of ways, and emotional expressiveness did not reflect the extent of their grief. Grandfathers typically provided extensive support to their child and family; however, few supports were available to help grandfathers. Recognition and validation of grandfathers’ grief, early access to information, and guidance to a variety of supports including written materials, peer and professional support, is required.
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Turunen, Tuija, and Raija-Leena Punamäki. "Professionally Led Peer Support Group Process After the School Shooting in Finland." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 73, no. 1 (March 10, 2015): 42–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0030222815575700.
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Background Traumatic grief is a risk factor for psychological and physiological impairment. In a school shooting incident in Finland, several people lost their lives, and a large number of bereaved family members were at risk for traumatic grief. Psychosocial support for these bereaved was therefore essential, and this article describes a program that was developed for that purpose. Method Professionally led peer support group process was provided for the relatives of the deceased in the school shooting in Kauhajoki, Finland, 2008. The 2-year-long process consisted of five weekend gatherings with psychoeducative and group-work elements. The content of the process was based on the existing knowledge of and recommendations for enhancing recovery after a traumatic loss. Results On the average, 50 relatives of the deceased in the school shooting participated in the process. The process was based on the principles of (a) timing of the group work and interventions according to stages of bereavement, (b) psychoeducation, awareness rising, and recognizing the signs of posttraumatic symptoms, (c) attachment theory-based elements in parents' and siblings' grief and group work, and (d) encouraging cohesion and strength of families' natural networks and support systems. Conclusion Professionally led peer support group process is a trauma-theory-based intervention, which reaches a large number of the bereaved with similar loss. Via group work, psychoeducation, and shared rituals, the bereaved have an opportunity to share and express emotions and experiences, as well as increase their skills in psychological recovery after a violent death of a family member.
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Bartone, Paul T., Jocelyn V. Bartone, John M. Violanti, and Zaneta M. Gileno. "Peer Support Services for Bereaved Survivors: A Systematic Review." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 80, no. 1 (September 5, 2017): 137–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0030222817728204.
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This systematic literature review assesses the evidence regarding benefits of peer support services for bereaved survivors of sudden or unexpected death. Reports were included that addressed peer support services for adults who experienced death of a family member, close friend, or coworker. Of the 32 studies meeting all inclusion criteria, most showed evidence that peer support was helpful to bereaved survivors, reducing grief symptoms and increasing well-being and personal growth. Studies also showed benefits to providers of peer support, including increased personal growth and positive meaning in life. Several studies addressed the growing trend of Internet-based peer support programs, finding that these are beneficial in part due to their easy accessibility. Peer support appears to be especially valuable for survivors of suicide loss, a result that may be related to stigma and lack of support from family and friends experienced by many suicide survivors. The reviewed studies provide consistent evidence that peer support is beneficial to bereaved survivors.
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Tan, Jovita, and Karl Andriessen. "The Experiences of Grief and Personal Growth in University Students: A Qualitative Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4 (February 16, 2021): 1899. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041899.
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Background: Experiencing the death of a close person, especially in emerging adults and students, can have profound effects on the bereaved individual’s life. As most research in this field has focused on negative effects of a loss, little is known about potential positive effects experienced by bereaved university students. This study investigated the experience of grief and personal growth in a sample of students from The University of Melbourne, Australia. Methods: Semi-structured interviews via Zoom/telephone with bereaved students (n = 14), who were invited to reflect on their loss and any personal growth potentially experienced. Thematic analysis of the data was based on a deductive and inductive approach. Results: The analysis identified four themes: (i) sharing of grief as a coping mechanism, (ii) balance between grief reactions and moving forward in life, (iii) lessons learned and personal growth, and (iv) adopting values from the deceased person and continuing bonds. Conclusions: Participants emphasized personal growth regarding self-perception and philosophical views on life. Following the loss, they preferred peer support, and used formal services only when they had a specific need. The findings indicate the importance of social support for bereaved students, and the complimentary role of peer and professional support. Hence, academic institutions should offer supportive services tailored to both students and professionals to help bereaved students.
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Feigelman, Beverly, and William Feigelman. "Surviving After Suicide Loss: The Healing Potential of Suicide Survivor Support Groups." Illness, Crisis & Loss 16, no. 4 (October 2008): 285–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/il.16.4.b.
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With participant observations from peer-facilitated suicide survivor support group meetings, collected over a four-year period, this article applies Shulman's dynamics of mutual aid theory to explain how survivors' healing is facilitated by support group participation. Shulman's principles provide guidance on how survivors help and empower each other to deal with their grief in survivor support groups. Group facilitators can provide more clarity and direction to survivors with Shulman's principles, better helping survivors to navigate the bewildering course of healing after suicide loss. We also suggest ways group facilitation knowledge—an essential resource for enhancing healing—can be more widely distributed.
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Tsui, Emma K., Emily Franzosa, Kristen A. Cribbs, and Sherry Baron. "Home Care Workers’ Experiences of Client Death and Disenfranchised Grief." Qualitative Health Research 29, no. 3 (September 28, 2018): 382–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049732318800461.
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While many types of health care workers experience patient death, home care workers do so under vastly different social and economic circumstances. When a client dies, home care workers often lose both a close relationship and a job. Though research suggests that health care workers’ grief may frequently be disenfranchised, there is no in-depth study of the mechanisms that disenfranchise home care workers’ grief specifically. To address this gap, our study used focus groups and peer interviews between home care workers in New York City. We describe four interrelated grief strategies they employ to navigate social and employer-based “grieving rules.” Our findings suggest that home care workers’ grief is disenfranchised via employer and societal underestimations of their relationships with clients and their losses when clients die, particularly job loss. Building on our findings, we suggest alterations to agency practices and home care systems to improve support for workers.
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Lynes, David, and Angela Sitoe. "Disenfranchised grief: the emotional impact experienced by foster carers on the cessation of a placement." Adoption & Fostering 43, no. 1 (March 2019): 22–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308575918823433.
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This study uses a qualitative approach to explore the experiences of 22 UK foster carers when a child is ‘moved on’ from a placement, focusing specifically on their experiences of loss. In most cases participants report loving the child as their own and describe their surprise at the profundity of their feelings of loss and grief when living through the child’s departure. These emotions can be fruitfully perceived as ‘disenfranchised grief’ in that its severity was unexpected and was not recognised as legitimate by the carers’ social group or professionals working with them. As a result, their loss was neither perceived as legitimate nor given a vehicle for expression. In some cases, participants report that the experience changed their approach to caring for children and even resulted in them ceasing to foster. The implications for practice include preparing foster carers to expect a grief response when their children move on, to recognise that this might be disenfranchised and to enhance peer and professional support during that process.
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Koblenz, Jessica. "Growing From Grief." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 73, no. 3 (March 10, 2015): 203–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0030222815576123.
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Currently, there are 2.5 million children in the United States who suffered the loss of a parent. Grieving children are more likely to experience symptoms of depression and anxiety compared with their nongrieving peers. Adults ( N = 19) who experienced a loss during childhood were interviewed to assess what was most helpful and most harmful in coping through the years following the death. The qualitative descriptions were coded and analysis of common themes determined. Five theoretical constructs were found: adjustment to catastrophe, support, therapy, continuing a connection with the deceased parent, and reinvestment. The findings have clinical applications for bereaved children, their families, and clinical programs targeting this population. The unique insights provide an emotionally salient expression of their experiences and provide a framework for how best to support this group.
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Soklaridis, Sophie, Genevieve Ferguson, Sarah Bonato, Riley Saikaly, and Pamela J. Mosher. "Being there: protocol for a scoping review of the medical education literature on grief support training for medical professionals." BMJ Open 8, no. 11 (November 2018): e022778. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022778.
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IntroductionMedical trainees and professionals do not perceive that they are adequately taught the skills to address issues of grief with their patients. Atypical grief responses can prolong suffering, interrupt normal activities and lead to increased morbidity and mortality. Grief training can help physicians cope with feelings about and responses to suffering, loss and death in a way that improves both physician and patient/family wellness. This scoping review will describe the current landscape of grief training worldwide in medical school and residency and in continuing professional development in the disciplines of paediatrics, family medicine and psychiatry. The ultimate goal is to help physicians support patients experiencing grief.Methods and analysisThe study design has been adapted from Arksey and O’Malley’s review methodology. We will work with an information specialist who will run searches in six multidisciplinary databases. To supplement the search, we will scan the reference lists of included studies. Two levels of screening will take place: a title and abstract review for articles that fit predefined criteria and a full-text review of articles that meet those criteria. To be included in the review, articles must report on grief training for medical residents and professionals in the fields of paediatrics, family medicine and psychiatry. Two investigators will review each article and extract data.Ethics and disseminationResearch ethics approval is not required for this review. We plan to share the findings through national and international medical education conferences and to publish the results in a peer-reviewed academic journal. We have the support of several directors of medical education at our institution who are interested in the growing focus on humanism in medical education as a way of decreasing burnout among medical students, residents and faculty.
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Berrett-Abebe, Julie, Elyse Levin-Russman, Marie Elena Gioiella, and Jeffrey M. Adams. "Parental experiences with a hospital-based bereavement program following the loss of a child to cancer." Palliative and Supportive Care 15, no. 3 (November 7, 2016): 348–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951516000821.
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AbstractObjective:The death of a child from cancer is an intense and life-changing loss for a parent. Guided by the principles of patient- and family-centered care, hospital-based caregivers developed a program to provide bereavement support for parents through phone calls and mailings. The aim of the present qualitative phenomenological study was to understand how parents experienced participating in this bereavement program.Method:A total of eight parents from six families participated in a focus-group evaluation of the two-year hospital-based bereavement program. Two social work clinicians/researchers independently analyzed the transcript of the focus group to define themes.Results:Four themes were identified: (1) lived experience of grief, (2) importance of relationships with the hospital-based team, (3) bereavement support from hospital-based providers, and (4) extending bereavement care.Significance of Results:Participants indicated the value of ongoing communication and connection with members of the healthcare team, who were often central to a family's life for years during their child's cancer treatment. Parents also provided suggestions for extending bereavement support through continued contact with providers and informal annual gatherings, as well as through a peer (parent-to-parent) support program.
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Worden, J. William, and Phyllis S. Silverman. "Grief and Depression in Newly Widowed Parents with School-Age Children." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 27, no. 3 (November 1993): 251–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/xmhj-f977-p8gv-4w07.
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The objectives of this study were to examine depression levels found in newly widowed parents with school age children and to distinguish bereavement dysphoria from clinical depression. A community based sample of seventy bereaved families with school-age children were assessed four months after the death and at the first anniversary. Parents were assessed with the CES-D depression scale [1], and the Impact of Events Scale [2], and the Family Inventory of Life Events [3]. The results indicate that 56 percent of the parents had high CES-D scores (> 16) at four months and 44 percent had high scores at one year. Early depression was a strong predictor of later depression. Higher depression levels were associated with more family life changes (FILE), limited income, lack of peer support, more younger children, and difficulty mobilizing support. Few parents with high CES-D scores selected the low self-esteem items suggesting more of a grief response than depression. Those who selected the low esteem items looked more clinically depressed than those who did not. In conclusion, it is important to distinguish between clinical depression and grief reactions since both share similar characteristics. This distinction is especially critical when planning appropriate interventions to assist the bereaved in coping with the loss.
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Laranjeira, Carlos, Débora Moura, Sonia Marcon, André Jaques, Maria Aparecida Salci, Ligia Carreira, Roberto Cuman, and Ana Querido. "Family bereavement care interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review protocol." BMJ Open 12, no. 4 (April 2022): e057767. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057767.
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IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant disruptions to daily social routines and to the lived experience of bereaved families. This article outlines the protocol for a scoping review of published studies to evaluate psychosocial and psychotherapeutic interventions intended to help family carers adjust to grief, loss and bereavement due to COVID-19. This review addresses one broad research question: ‘What do we know about bereavement support interventions for family carers of COVID-19 victims?’Methods and analysisThe seminal framework by Arksey and O’Malley will guide the review process, which will cover both the qualitative and quantitative scientific literature on grief support during COVID-19. We will search for relevant studies in several databases, namely PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL Complete, PsycINFO, Scopus and Directory of Open Access Journals. Moreover, we will search the reference lists of included studies and grey literature sources. The database search will be limited to studies from February 2020 (first death by COVID-19) to 1 January 2022. Only literature written in English, Portuguese and Spanish shall be included. Two independent reviewers will screen the literature, select articles and extract data, in an iterative process. Any disagreements will be solved through consensus-based discussion. Results will be reported with descriptive statistics, accompanied by a thematic analysis.Ethics and disseminationThe study will use information acquired from previously published papers and hence does not require ethical approval. This protocol is registered with the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/bw7fn/). Scoping results will be disseminated via posters and oral presentations to both academic and clinical audiences, as well as through peer-reviewed journals.
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Myers-Coffman, Katherine, Felicity A. Baker, Brian P. Daly, Robert Palisano, and Joke Bradt. "The Resilience Songwriting Program for Adolescent Bereavement: A Mixed Methods Exploratory Study." Journal of Music Therapy 56, no. 4 (2019): 348–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmt/thz011.
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Abstract Music therapy research with youth who are grieving often reports on a combination of interventions, such as lyric analysis, improvisation, and/or songwriting. Unfortunately, the lack of theoretical transparency in how and why these interventions affect targeted outcomes limits interpretation and application of this important research. In this exploratory study, the authors evaluated the impact of an 8-session, theory-driven group songwriting program on protective factors in adolescent bereavement, and also sought to better understand adolescents' experiences of the program. Using a single-group, pretest-posttest convergent mixed methods design, participants were enrolled from three study sites and included 10 adolescents (five girls and five boys), ages 11–17 years, who self-identified as grieving a loss. Outcomes measured included grief, coping, emotional expression, self-esteem, and meaning making. Qualitative data were captured through in-session journaling and semi-structured interviews. There were no statistically significant improvements for grief, self-esteem, coping, and meaning making. Individual score trends suggested improvements in grief. The majority of the participants reported greater inhibition of emotional expression, and this was statistically significant. Thematic findings revealed that the program offered adolescents a sense of togetherness, a way to safely express grief-related emotions and experiences verbally and nonverbally, and opportunities for strengthening music and coping skills. These findings suggest that engaging in collaborative therapeutic songwriting with grieving peers may decrease levels of grief, enhance creative expression, and provide social support. More research is needed on measuring self-esteem, emotional expression, coping, and meaning making outcomes in ways that are meaningful to adolescents.
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Khalid, Nikita, Nicole Zapparrata, Kevin Loughlin, and Glenn Albright. "Postvention as Prevention: Coping with Loss at School." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 18 (September 19, 2022): 11795. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811795.
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Many Pre-K through grade 12 (PK-12) students have experienced traumatic events throughout the pandemic in a myriad of ways including the death of family members and peers, loss of social interaction and increased violence at home. The consequences can be traumatic and manifest themselves in fear, anxiety, anger, isolation, and loneliness. Too often this leads to depression, anxiety, grief, substance use disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, suicidal ideation and even suicides. This study assesses the impact of an innovative virtual human role-play simulation that prepares PK-12 educators, administrators, and school staff to respond to a student death in the school community by creating communities of support to help manage traumatic loss. The simulation addresses crisis response planning, postvention plans, and provides learners with role-play practice in using evidence-based motivational interviewing communication strategies in conversations with students and colleagues after the occurrence of a death. The sample consisted of educators and staff who were recruited from geographically dispersed areas across the US between January 2021 through December 2021. Matched sample t-tests and ANOVAs were used to assess quantitative data, and a qualitative analysis software, MAXQDA, was used to assess open-ended response data. Results show statistically significant increases in school personnel’s preparedness and self-efficacy to recognize signs of trauma in their students and colleagues, and to approach them to talk about concerns and, if necessary, make a referral to support services. Simulations such as this hold tremendous potential in teaching educators how address trauma due to a student death.
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Williams, Helen Marie, Laura L. Jones, Arri Coomarasamy, and Annie E. Topping. "Men living through multiple miscarriages: protocol for a qualitative exploration of experiences and support requirements." BMJ Open 10, no. 5 (May 2020): e035967. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035967.
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IntroductionUp to 1 in 4 pregnancies and 1 in 20 subsequent pregnancies end in miscarriage. Despite such prevalence the psychosocial effects are often unrecognised and unsupported. In the absence of any biomedical sequelae among men such marginalisation may be intensified. Men living through multiple miscarriages may also find any grief or anxiety intensified by loss of hope for future parenthood, but robust qualitative studies of these experiences are limited. We aim to rectify the deficiency.Methods and analysisOur qualitative study will adopt the sounds of silence framework designed by Serrant-Green to hear the voices of populations possibly marginalised. We will listen and learn from 30 to 50 men with a history of two or more miscarriages. The research participants will be recruited from a recurrent miscarriage clinic at a large tertiary hospital in England, and from advertisements to be disseminated by the project sponsor and miscarriage charities.Individual telephone interviews supported by a semistructured discussion guide will be audio-recorded, transcribed and anonymised. The transcriptions and any field notes will be interpreted by the framework method of Ritchie and Lewis embedded within the sounds of silence framework. Tentative findings will be presented to research participants in face-to-face focus group discussion, to enable member synthesis to enhance authenticity. The focus group discussion will be audio-recorded, transcribed, anonymised and similarly interpreted to contribute to our final synthesis.Ethics and disseminationThe protocol of this project received a favourable opinion from the West Midlands South Birmingham Research Ethics Committee (16/WM/0423). Results will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals and at conferences, and disseminated via newsletters and social media of our clinical collaborators and miscarriage charities. Outputs are anticipated to inform future policy and practice in the management of multiple miscarriages.Trial registration numberISRCTN 21828561.
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McNamara, Deborah, Jonathan Egan, and Pádraig McNeela. "‘My scar is called adoption’: The lived experiences of Irish mothers who have lost a child through closed adoption." Adoption & Fostering 45, no. 2 (July 2021): 138–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03085759211011734.
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Previous research has continuously identified a need for a comprehensive model of working with first mothers in adoption. This gap in knowledge has hindered the development of services, to the detriment of the quality of life and well-being of this group. This study seeks to remedy this deficiency by exploring the lived experiences of Irish mothers who have lost a child through closed adoption. It aims to expand understanding of the impact of such loss, in particular exploring how it affects their journey of reconnection and reunion with their child in adulthood. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with six women from Ireland who had lost a child in this way and their narratives were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Two superordinate themes emerged from the data: ‘Motherhood concealed: the loss of autonomy and connection’ and ‘Motherhood revealed: a pathway towards autonomy and reconnection’. Within each superordinate theme, two subordinate ones were identified: ‘Dehumanised, disempowered and dismissed’, ‘Coping through disconnection’, ‘Breaking the silence’ and ‘Reunion and reconnection’. The first two of these encapsulate the loss of personal autonomy and connectedness resulting from the loss of a child and how participants coped with it. The two others describe the participants’ experiences of growth in personal autonomy and agency through the process of breaking the silence of their concealed motherhood and of reconnection and reunification with their now adult children. The findings indicate that engaging in therapeutic services and/or with adoption peer support enables participants to express their feelings of grief and move from coping strategies dominated by disconnection to ones marked by the autonomous processing of emotion and new coping patterns. The process of reunification with their children plays a significant role in this transition.
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Stangl, Anne L., Mwangala Mwale, Meroji Sebany, Constance RS Mackworth-Young, Chipo Chiiya, Mutale Chonta, Sue Clay, Kirsty Sievwright, and Virginia Bond. "Feasibility, Acceptability and Preliminary Efficacy of Tikambisane (‘Let’s Talk to Each Other’): A Pilot Support Group Intervention for Adolescent Girls Living With HIV in Zambia." Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care (JIAPAC) 20 (January 1, 2021): 232595822110247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23259582211024772.
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Background: In Zambia, 84,959 adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) aged 15-24 are currently living with HIV. We explored the feasibility and acceptability of a 6-session, curriculum-based support group intervention designed to address key concerns of AGYW living with HIV. Setting: Urban Zambia Methods: Surveys and in-depth interviews were collected pre- and post-intervention from participants enrolled from 2 health facilities. Eight participant observations of sessions were conducted. Descriptive statistics at baseline were reported only for AGYW who participated in the intervention (N = 21), while analyses comparing baseline and endline outcome measures were restricted to participants who had data at both time points (N = 14). Results: Support groups were feasible to conduct and acceptable to participants. Co-facilitation by an adult counselor and peers living with HIV raised confidence about session content. Sessions on antiretroviral therapy (ART), disclosure and stigma, and grief and loss were most in demand. We did not observe significant differences in key outcome measures between baseline and follow-up. However, qualitative data supported the positive impact of the intervention on ART adherence and hope for the future following the intervention among our participants. Conclusion: A short-term, structured support group series holds promise for helping AGYW living with HIV safely navigate a complex time in their lives.
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Stoycos, Sarah A., Ashley J. Sammons, Lesia S. Cartelli, and Leigh Ann Price. "766 Clinical Outcome Assessment of a Psychosocial Intensive Retreat for Girls with Severe Burns." Journal of Burn Care & Research 41, Supplement_1 (March 2020): S217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraa024.345.
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Abstract Introduction Burn camps and peer support groups are widely utilized for the psychosocial care of pediatric burn survivors, providing community and recreation. However, camps and support groups often do not involve psychological therapy to assist with potential distress. This abstract presents program development outcome assessments for an alternative approach to psychosocial care: a psychosocial intensive retreat for adolescent survivors of pediatric burns, led by trained mental health professionals, with group therapy interspersed with recreation. Methods A 6-day, residential psychosocial intensive was open to adolescent girls with disfiguring burns. Psychological assessments were administered for clinical utility at the start (T0) and end (T1) of the program and were used to guide programming. Assessments included: Posttraumatic Stress Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL), Satisfaction with Appearance Scale (SWAP), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ) measuring psychological inflexibility. Bivariate correlations and univariate t-tests were used to assess program outcomes. Results Fifteen girls (Mage = 16, SD = 2.04; Mageofburn = 6.64, SD = 5.40) attended. At T0, girls reported subclinical scores (PCL (M = 23.53, SD = 20.20, range 1–65); SWAP (M = 44.93, SD = 11.88); RSES (M = 27.28, SD = 5.76); AAQ (M = 20.71, SD = 9.64) with a subset of 5 reporting clinical distress on PCL. Therapeutic programming was adjusted to primarily focus on typically developing adolescent issues such as communication, boundaries, identity formation, and healthy relationships, with some burns-specific groups (grief and loss, social exposures). Those with clinically significant distress participated in trauma and affect regulation training. AAQ at T0 was negatively associated with RSES (r = -.78, p = .003) and positively associated with PCL scores (r = .82, p < .001). RSES was negatively associated with PCL (r = -.87, p < .001). SWAP was not associated with any measures. From T0 (M = 26.70, SD = 6.07) to T1 (M = 30.18, SD = 5.74) girls reported a significant increase in RSES, t(10) = -3.15, p = .01. As expected given low symptoms reported at T0, no other pre to post changes occurred. TBSA, time since burn and age were not associated with outcome variables. Conclusions Overall, girls suffered burn injury before the age of 7 and current symptom profiles replicated prior literature supporting subthreshold, long-term psychological morbidity for pediatric burns. A brief, 6 day psychosocial intensive may facilitate growth in self-esteem. Use of clinical assessments to inform programming is emphasized. Applicability of Research to Practice Psychosocial intensives that intersperse empirically-supported, assessment-driven therapeutic programming with social connection may be useful in increasing adolescent self-esteem for girls with a history of disfiguring burns.
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Standing, Oliver, Jo Dickie, and Lorna Templeton. "Developing Peer Support for Adults Bereaved Through Substance Use." Illness, Crisis & Loss 27, no. 1 (June 7, 2018): 36–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1054137318780573.
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The impacts of a bereavement through substance use are many and profound and include guilt, loneliness, stigma, and mixed responses from professionals and others. It seems that those who are bereaved in this way have a particular and unique experience of grief, which many feel is disenfranchised. Support needs to be credible as well as effective, yet up until now little specialist help has been available. In particular, help from a peer who has been there brings authenticity, can lead to the sense of a safe space where those bereaved feel listened to in an empathic manner, and permit the expression of grief which is often disenfranchised. The article is structured around the experiences of someone bereaved through alcohol use who went on to volunteer for a peer support project. Her powerful testimony articulates the wider findings of two recent United Kingdom projects (one includes the peer support project) conducted by the authors.
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Kutanzi, Ethan, Kathleen Fraser, and Debrah Wirtzfeld. "Leading through COVID-19: understanding and supporting grief and loss." Canadian Journal of Physician Leadership 7, no. 3 (April 17, 2021): 118–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.37964/cr24737.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has created an environment in which grief and loss are being experienced collectively. This grief can lead to increased burnout, decreased productivity, and increased likelihood of job turnover. With health care workers already facing increased risks because of their frontline pandemic responsibilities, it is important to provide leaders with knowledge and tools to support their grieving team members. Understanding the Kübler-Ross grief model, as well as grief-related concepts such as anticipatory grief, disenfranchised grief, moral injury, and complicated grief, will help leaders provide normalizing support. This approach may include building and fostering trusting relationships, engaging in self-reflection, participating in supportive conversations, and, when appropriate, sharing information around grief-support resources. There is no universal timeline for the resolution of grief; mental health impacts can last for many months and can continue to resurface for years. During the COVID-19 pandemic, we educated health care workers around the issues of grief and loss by focusing on the relationship side of the Wheel of Change, interviewing people with expertise in the area, holding town hall meetings, and hosting online “coffee and chat” sessions for physicians. We recommend relying less on policy development and, instead, focus on strengthening workplace relationships and creating opportunities for connection and discussions.
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Brooks, Maegan Parker. "Listening to Layers of Loss." Journal of Autoethnography 4, no. 2 (2023): 174–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/joae.2023.4.2.174.
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Reflecting on the recent losses of her sister, father, and mother in the midst of the global pandemic, the author moves from acquaintance-level grief communication encounters through grief communication with friends, family, and, ultimately, the self-communication that has sustained her during this intense period of bereavement. Building upon scholarship in autoethnography, family communication, grief, and trauma studies, moreover, the author shares bereavement practices that have helped her process loss. Following her personal narrative, she provides seven offerings to encourage the bereaved reader and support their grief writing. The essay concludes by challenging assumptions of U.S. culture’s “grief illiteracy,” with a call for white writers, in particular, to interrogate the social scripts and systems of power and privilege manifest in their grief communication. Moreover, the author encourages all autoethnographers to build systemic critique from their multilayered personal considerations of grief and post-traumatic growth.
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Meichsner, Franziska, Stefanie Köhler, and Gabriele Wilz. "Moving through predeath grief: Psychological support for family caregivers of people with dementia." Dementia 18, no. 7-8 (December 27, 2017): 2474–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1471301217748504.
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When caring for a family member with dementia, continuous losses and predeath grief can adversely affect the caregivers’ physical and mental health. Interventions for caregivers should therefore also aim at coping with loss and managing predeath grief. It was the objective of the present study to describe sources of grief caregivers report during therapy and to investigate how therapists can support caregivers. Two caregivers who participated in a randomized controlled trial were selected for this case study. Both caregivers received an intervention based on the principles of cognitive-behavioral therapy with grief-focused content that consisted of 12 sessions within six months. Three therapy sessions per participant were transcribed, coded, and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results illustrate that both caregivers experienced a loss of companionship with their respective care recipient and ambiguous loss that resulted in intense grief that they found difficult to manage. Therapists responded by supporting the caregivers to acknowledge their losses and identify individual ways to cope with and accept loss and grief. Both caregivers reported higher well-being and an increased ability to manage their grief-related emotions after the therapy ended. The identified intervention strategies fit well into a theoretical framework for grief interventions for dementia caregivers, i.e. the dementia grief model.
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Stroebe, Wolfgang, Georgios Abakoumkin, and Margaret Stroebe. "Beyond Depression: Yearning for the Loss of a Loved One." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 61, no. 2 (October 2010): 85–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/om.61.2.a.
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Studies assessing the impact of relationship quality and social support on marital bereavement have typically focussed on depressive symptoms as the major (and often only) bereavement outcome. Although sadness and depression are important symptoms of grieving, they are neither the only nor necessarily the most important ones. We argue that in addition to measures of depression, grief measures need to be used in assessing bereavement outcome. However, grief measures do not only assess reactions that are specific to bereavement such as yearning, but also general responses that grief shares with other critical life events (e.g., anxiety, shock, anger, intrusive thoughts, and despair). We would expect marital quality to only affect yearning for the loved one who died, but not other more general grief reactions. In contrast, experiencing support from family and friends, though unlikely to reduce yearning, might ameliorate these general grief symptoms as well as depression. Using data on widows from the Changing Lives of Older Couples (CLOC) study, a large-scale prospective study of older couples, we assessed the relationship between marital quality and social support with depression and grief on the death of a spouse. Consistent with hypotheses, social support but not relationship quality was associated with depression and general grief reactions. In contrast, relationship quality but not social support was associated with yearning. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
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Oexle, Nathalie, and Lindsay Sheehan. "Perceived Social Support and Mental Health After Suicide Loss." Crisis 41, no. 1 (January 2020): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000594.
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Abstract. Background: Despite great need, social support is limited after suicide loss, which could contribute to worse mental health outcomes including increased suicidality among suicide loss survivors. Aims: To examine the associations between perceived social support, grief difficulties, depressive symptoms, suicidality, and personal growth among 195 suicide loss survivors. Method: The associations between perceived social support, grief difficulties, depressive symptoms, suicidality, and personal growth were tested using linear regression modeling. Results: In controlled models, more perceived social support was significantly associated with decreased grief difficulties, depressive symptoms, and suicidality, as well as with increased personal growth. Limitations: Participants were mostly Caucasian women who participated in a cross-sectional online survey. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that programs to increase social support after suicide loss may be an important aspect of suicide postvention.
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Swartwood, Ruth M., Patricia McCarthy Veach, Jessica Kuhne, Hyun Kyung Lee, and Kangting Ji. "Surviving Grief: An Analysis of the Exchange of Hope in Online Grief Communities." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 63, no. 2 (October 2011): 161–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/om.63.2.d.
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Online grief communities represent relatively new forms of peer support. However, the degree to which they are helpful for individual grieving processes is unknown. To date, no research has evaluated the type or quality of support exchanged in online grief communities. To begin to address these questions, this study analyzed 564 messages from internet grief websites to: (1) classify the type of helping skills used, and (2) extract themes contained in the content of the messages. Messages selected for analysis were the first response to an original post, assuming they would be the first effort to provide support to a grieving individual. Results revealed a majority of responses contained self-disclosure. Themes in the messages suggested provision of more than “one-way” support; messages themes also included exchanging hope for the future by sharing one's own story, validating the grief experience, providing resources, and exchanging psychosocial support. Clinical implications and research recommendations are discussed.
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Weinstein, Nicole. "Making sense of loss." Nursery World 2021, no. 8 (August 2, 2021): 36–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/nuwa.2021.8.36.
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J. Bruce, Elizabeth, and Cynthia L. Schultz. "Nonfinite Loss and Grief as Counterparts." Australian Journal of Primary Health 7, no. 2 (2001): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py01034.
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The excerpts selected from the book Nonfinite Loss and Grief: A Psychoeducational Approach (Bruce & Schultz, 2001) demonstrate support for Rochlin's (1965) statement that "acceptance of loss in emotional life is probably neither a clinical fact nor a human characteristic" (p.131). Traditional assumptions are challenged and the argument advanced that loss and grief are counterparts; neither can be adequately explained in isolation from the specifics relating to the other. The book is concerned with explaining and presenting the particular and unique grief responses, which characterise nonfinite losses. It further questions an overly simplistic approach to grief and loss which fails to fully consider the implications inherent in the cumulative nature of loss in many situations, including bereavement. Finally, it emphasises the need for a critical approach to the conceptualisation of loss and the resulting application of grief theory to practice.
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Wintermeyer-Pingel, Susan A., Donna Murphy, and Karen J. Hammelef. "Improving a Grief and Loss Program: Caring for Patients, Families, and Staff." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 67, no. 1-2 (August 2013): 233–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/om.67.1-2.z3.
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The University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center (UMCCC) Grief and Loss Program provides supportive care services during bereavement which is considered part of the care continuum. This program received 50 death notifications per month upon project initiation and currently receives approximately 125 per month. Initial program evaluation was conducted via a pilot survey of bereaved parents as well as verbal and written evaluations from the transdisciplinary staff of Patient and Family Support Services. Grief support prior to evaluation included mailings, phone calls as indicated, poorly attended bereavement support groups, and limited staff support. Based on program evaluation, grief support continues through the use of mail/e-mail and phone calls to those at risk for complicated grief. Three to four gatherings per year are offered rather than monthly support groups, and connections to community resources are provided. The Comfort And Resources at End of Life (C-A-R-E) program was implemented to support and educate staff. Next steps include further program evaluation and potential research to examine best practices for the bereaved.
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Toray, Tamina. "The Human-Animal Bond and Loss: Providing Support for Grieving Clients." Journal of Mental Health Counseling 26, no. 3 (July 1, 2004): 244–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17744/mehc.26.3.udj040fw2gj75lqp.
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The purpose of this article is to increase mental health counselors' awareness of the importance of pets in the lives of their clients and to provide a greater understanding of the grief process accompanying the death of a companion animal. A broad framework for assessing clients' attachments to their pets and conceptualizing grief as it relates to pet loss will be presented.
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O'Connor, Cathy, and Elizabeth Templeton. "Grief and Loss: Perspectives for School Personnel." Journal of Psychologists and Counsellors in Schools 12 (November 2002): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1037291100004581.
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Discussing death, grief and loss is difficult, however, the impact of loss on students makes dealing with bereavement and grief unavoidable for teachers. To best prepare for helping students, school personnel need to deal with their own feelings about these issues first. Becoming familiar with children's perceptions of death, the stages and expressions of grief, and effective coping strategies will further enhance the support provided by school personnel to graving students (Westmoreland, 1996). This paper reviews the literature on grief and loss in order to provide a background from which school personnel may draw in their preparation for assisting students experiencing such circumstances. Clarification of commonly used terms is provided and the nature of grief and loss is explored. Implications for parents, teachers, counsellors and school systems are outlined and a brief overview of recommended strategies is presented.
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Riggs, Damien W., Clemence Due, and Nicole Tape. "Australian Heterosexual Men’s Experiences of Pregnancy Loss: The Relationships Between Grief, Psychological Distress, Stigma, Help-Seeking, and Support." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 82, no. 3 (December 17, 2018): 409–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0030222818819339.
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This study explores experiences of pregnancy loss via a questionnaire completed by a convenience sample of 48 Australian cisgender heterosexual men. The questionnaire included measures of support following pregnancy loss, recognition of loss, perceived utility of help-seeking, perceived stigma attached to help-seeking, perinatal grief, and depression and anxiety. The questionnaire also included open-ended questions focused on help-seeking and support. Higher levels of grief were related to higher levels of both depression and anxiety. Perceptions about stigma were related to the perceived utility of help-seeking. While a majority of participants had accessed formal support services, feeling supported was unrelated to either grief or depression. Participants emphasized the utility of men’s groups where members have experienced pregnancy loss, though barriers to support were also identified in terms of the unavailability of support or the perceived need to focus on a partner’s loss.
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González, Débora, María Carvalho, Jordi Cantillo, Marc Aixalá, and Magí Farré. "Potential Use of Ayahuasca in Grief Therapy." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 79, no. 3 (May 30, 2017): 260–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0030222817710879.
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The death of a loved one is ultimately a universal experience. However, conventional interventions employed for people suffering with uncomplicated grief have gathered little empirical support. The present study aimed to explore the potential effects of ayahuasca on grief. We compared 30 people who had taken ayahuasca with 30 people who had attended peer-support groups, measuring level of grief and experiential avoidance. We also examined themes in participant responses to an open-ended question regarding their experiences with ayahuasca. The ayahuasca group presented a lower level of grief in the Present Feelings Scale of Texas Revised Inventory of Grief, showing benefits in some psychological and interpersonal dimensions. Qualitative responses described experiences of emotional release, biographical memories, and experiences of contact with the deceased. Additionally, some benefits were identified regarding the ayahuasca experiences. These results provide preliminary data about the potential of ayahuasca as a therapeutic tool in treatments for grief.
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Griffin, Eve, Selena O’Connell, Eimear Ruane-McAteer, Paul Corcoran, and Ella Arensman. "Psychosocial Outcomes of Individuals Attending a Suicide Bereavement Peer Support Group: A Follow-Up Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 7 (March 29, 2022): 4076. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074076.
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Individuals bereaved by suicide represent an important group in terms of postvention. While peer support groups are often accessed by those bereaved, few studies have examined their impact in terms of physical and mental health wellbeing. The aim of this study was to examine psychosocial outcomes of individuals attending suicide bereavement peer support groups in Ireland. Between August 2020 and June 2021, all members were invited to complete a survey, with new members also surveyed at three- and six-month follow-up, to examine changes in wellbeing, depressive symptoms and grief reactions. Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and mixed linear regression models. The 75 participants were mostly female, with lower levels of overall wellbeing and a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation than the general population. Participants also reported high levels of social adjustment difficulties and grief reactions, which were more pronounced for those more recently bereaved. At follow-up (n = 28), a significant improvement in wellbeing and a reduction in grief reactions were found, adjusting for time since bereavement. Participants identified the groups as creating a safe space and providing a sense of belonging and hope. Notwithstanding the small number of participants at follow-up, these findings underline the enduring mental health challenges for those bereaved by suicide and provide further evidence for the role of peer support in postvention.
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Laurie, Anna, and Robert A. Neimeyer. "African Americans in Bereavement: Grief as a Function of Ethnicity." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 57, no. 2 (October 2008): 173–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/om.57.2.d.
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Few empirical studies have explored the grieving process among different ethnic groups within the United States, and very little is known about how African Americans and Caucasians may differ in their experience of loss. The purpose of this study was to examine the African-American experience of grief, with particular emphasis on issues of identity change, interpersonal dimensions of the loss, and continuing attachments with the deceased. Participants were 1,581 bereaved college students (940 Caucasians and 641 African Americans) attending classes at a large southern university. Each participant completed the Inventory of Complicated Grief-Revised, the Continuing Bonds Scale, and questions regarding the circumstances surrounding his or her loss. Results revealed that African Americans experienced more frequent bereavement by homicide, maintenance of a stronger continuing bond with the deceased, greater grief for the loss of extended kin beyond the immediate family, and a sense of support in their grief, despite their tendency to talk less with others about the loss or seek professional support for it. Overall, African Americans reported higher levels of complicated grief symptoms than Caucasians, especially when they spent less time speaking to others about their loss experience. Implications of these findings for bereavement support services for African Americans were briefly noted.
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Tschetter, Lois, and Marilyn Hildreth. "Grief Enriched Us: A Model of Perinatal Loss Support." Journal of Perinatal Education 14, no. 4 (2005): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1624/105812405x72267.
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Sormanti, Mary, and Michelle S. Ballan. "Strengthening grief support for children with developmental disabilities." School Psychology International 32, no. 2 (April 2011): 179–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143034311400831.
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Although a sizable literature investigates and describes children’s grief, the majority of information focuses on typically developing children. Far less has been published about the loss and grief of children with developmental disabilities (DD), even though this population experiences significant and multiple losses, increasing their vulnerability to negative outcomes. Addressing this gap in scholarship, this article explicates common losses and important grief-related challenges experienced by children with DD. An overview of practice guidelines is provided to enhance the efforts of school-based mental health professionals in supporting this vulnerable population.
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Çakar, Firdevs Savi. "The Role of Social Support in the Relationship Between Adolescents’ Level of Loss and Grief and Well-Being." International Education Studies 13, no. 12 (November 23, 2020): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ies.v13n12p27.
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In this study, the model, developed to examine the role of social support in the relationship between adolescents’ level of loss and grief and well-being, was tested. In this study, the descriptive research method was used, and its participants consisted of 216 adolescents who were high school students, in Turkey. Scales used in this study include Personal Information Form; Grief Scale; Five-Dimensional Well-Being Scale for Adolescents (EPOCH); Social Support Assessment Scale for Children and Adolescents (CASSS and Personal Information Form). The structural equation model was used to examine the mediator role of the social support in the association between grief and well-being among adolescents. It was found the hypothesized model fit the data well, and social support fully mediated in the association between grief and well-being. The high level of social support in the loss and mourning process of adolescents makes it easier to cope with grief and positively affects their well-beings. These results are important for focusing on adolescents who experience lost and grief, providing effective mental health services and demonstrating the importance of strengthening social support systems. Future studies with longitudinal follow-ups are suggested to explore actual causal relationships.
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Mota, Cecilia, Claudia Sánchez, Jorge Carreño, and María Eugenia Gómez. "Paternal Experiences of Perinatal Loss—A Scoping Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 6 (March 10, 2023): 4886. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20064886.
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Background: Perinatal grief is one of the most complex and devastating types of mourning for both mothers and fathers; however, there is still little research on the psychological impact on men who experience it. Therefore, the objective of this study was to summarize and synthetize the existing literature on the way men’s grief is experienced. Methods: A search was carried out to examine three databases for articles published in the last four years; 56 articles were obtained, and 12 were retained for analysis. Results: Four common themes were found: the men’s experience of grief, their role as fathers, the impact of the death, and their needs regarding grief and how to face it. Conclusions: There is also a need for discussion of the importance of validating perinatal grief in men and studies that examine it without social gender stigmas in order to provide them with effective emotional support.
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Moscarello, Rebeka. "Perinatal Bereavement Support Service: Three-Year Review." Journal of Palliative Care 5, no. 4 (December 1989): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/082585978900500403.
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Perinatal loss and grief have been recognized as a special form of loss in the last ten years. Perinatal death includes miscarriage, therapeutic abortion, stillbirth, and infant death shortly after birth. Acknowledgement of the death and support to mourn their loss by significant others promotes resolution of this bereavement. If perinatal bereavement is not resolved, one-quarter to one-third of mothers may go on to develop a clinical depression. A multidisciplinary Perinatal Support Service is in place at Women's College Hospital to provide grief counselling to the mother and her family who have experienced a stillbirth or neonatal loss. The service has a direct link to the community through the Public Health Nurse on the obstetrical service. A review of three years reveals a high rate of referral by the attending physician and obstetrical nurse.
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Nam, I. S. "Effects of psychoeducation on helpful support for complicated grief: a preliminary randomized controlled single-blind study." Psychological Medicine 46, no. 1 (October 22, 2015): 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291715001658.
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Background.Complicated grief is a distinct psychological response of individuals facing the loss of a loved one and can lead to many types of adverse health outcomes. Although social support may be beneficial, few studies have examined the beneficial effects of helpful support on complicated grief following bereavement.Method.A randomized controlled trial was conducted. Bereaved participants and supporters were randomized to psychoeducation on complicated grief and helpful social support or psychoeducation on complicated grief. The primary outcome was the Inventory of Complicated Grief.Results.The results showed that psychoeducation of supporters of bereaved individuals has significant beneficial effects. Particularly, symptoms of complicated grief were decreased in bereaved individuals with supporters that received psychoeducation.Conclusions.The results highlight the potential of psychoeducation to facilitate helpful social support and reduce complicated grief.
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Ghesquiere, Angela, and Ariunsanaa Bagaajav. "“We Take Care of People; What Happens to Us Afterwards?”: Home Health Aides and Bereavement Care in Hospice." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 80, no. 4 (January 23, 2018): 615–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0030222818754668.
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After a hospice patient dies, hospice providers can experience a variety of emotional responses. While work has been done on social workers’ and nurses’ reactions to patient death, home health aides (HHAs) have been overlooked. To address this gap, we conducted focus groups and individual qualitative interviews with 14 hospice HHAs. Questions covered HHAs’ grief responses and how they coped with grief. We found a high burden of grief reactions; many HHAs often developed very close patient relationships. HHAs also noted that they often started working with new patients almost immediately after a death, leaving little time to process the loss. However, HHAs found support from other HHAs, their supervisors, as well as family, friends, and spiritual practices to be helpful in coping with their grief. Future work should enhance support to HHAs around patient loss; for example, grief support may be embedded into hospice team activities.
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Mykhaylov, B., V. Postrelko, O. Galachenko, and A. Vasilyieva. "Psychotherapeutic support peculiarities’ in palliative care structure for cancer patients." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (April 2021): S497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1330.
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IntroductionPPalliative medicine is aimed at achieving the best possible in a particular situation the level of quality of life of the patient.ObjectivesThe reaction of grief is one of the strongest and most painful human experiences.MethodsThere were 120 cancer patients observed. The reaction of grief consists of 4 stages: shock and protest - numbness, disbelief and acute dysphoria; absorption - acute longing, search and anger; disorganization - a sense of despair and acceptance of loss and decision.ResultsThe initial reaction of grief - shock, emotional numbness and disbelief. The excitement is most pronounced within about two weeks, followed by symptoms of depression, which reach its peak 4-6 weeks. Eventually, the former intense pain of severe loss begins to subside. In addition to the reaction of grief, there is a pathological, which is divided into suppressed (inhibited), delayed (delayed) and chronic. The role of the psychotherapist at this stage is to provide psychological support and assistance to both the patient and his environment to cope with this situation.ConclusionsThe principle of the concept of palliative care is the need to ensure the psychological comfort of the patient.
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Cacciatore, Joanne, Kara Thieleman, Ruth Fretts, and Lori Barnes Jackson. "What is good grief support? Exploring the actors and actions in social support after traumatic grief." PLOS ONE 16, no. 5 (May 27, 2021): e0252324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252324.
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Social support seems to enhance wellbeing and health in many populations. Conversely, poor social support and loneliness are a social determinant of poor health outcomes and can adversely affect physical, emotional, and mental well-being. Social support is especially important in traumatic grief. However, the ways in which grieving individuals interpret and define social support is not well understood, and little is known about what specific behaviours are perceived as helpful. Using qualitative description and content analysis, this study assessed bereaved individuals’ satisfaction of social support in traumatic grief, using four categories of social support as a framework. Findings suggest inadequate satisfaction from professional, familial, and community support. Pets emerged with the most satisfactory ratings. Further, findings suggest that emotional support is the most desired type of support following traumatic loss. Implications for supporting bereaved individuals within and beyond the context of the COVID-19 pandemic are discussed.
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Rashid, Samina, Rizwana Samreen, and Sobia Bakht. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DISENFRANCHISED GRIEF, PSYCHOSOCIAL PROBLEMS, RELIGIOSITY AND SOCIAL SUPPORT AMONG ADOLESCENTS." Pakistan Journal of Social Research 05, no. 02 (June 30, 2023): 370–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.52567/pjsr.v5i02.1122.
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Grief is a common response to any loss. It is mostly linked with divorce or the end of a beloved person, yet grief may also arise when the close romantic relationship come to an end. Within adolescents, the separation or breakup may be hard to discuss, and it causes most of the psychosocial problems. The aim of the current investigation is to highlight the pain which is not openly acknowledge, known as disenfranchised grief. The study explore the relationship between disenfranchised grief, psychosocial problems, religiosity and social support among adolescents. For data collection four reliable scales were used, namely Inventory of complicated grief for disenfranchised grief, The Adolescents Psychosocial Functioning Inventory (APFI) for psychosocial problems, The Arabic scale of Intrinsic Religiosity (ASIR) for religiosity, and Inventory of Social Support for measuring Social support. Sample included both male and female adolescents. Cross sectional survey research design was used. Findings revealed that as disenfranchised grief increases psychosocial problems increases. Social support and religiosity act as moderators between disenfranchised grief and psychosocial problems. Social support and increased religious believes helps to cope with psychosocial problems. Keywords: Disenfranchised Grief, breakups, psychosocial problems, Religiosity, Social support, adolescents.
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Khoury, Brigitte, Oscar Barbarin, Germán Gutiérrez, Martina Klicperova-Baker, Prakash Padakannaya, and Ava Thompson. "Complicated Grief During COVID-19." International Perspectives in Psychology 11, no. 3 (July 2022): 214–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/2157-3891/a000055.
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Abstract. Cultures across the globe have evolved time-tested rituals to honor those who die and offer solace and support to survivors with the goal of helping them to accept the reality of the death, cope with the feelings of loss, adjust to life without the deceased, and find ways to maintain a connection to the memory of the deceased. The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted these rituals and brought significant changes to the way we mourn. Specifically, public health responses to COVID-19 such as social distancing or isolation, delays or cancellations of traditional religious and cultural rituals, and shifts from in-person to online ceremonies have disrupted rituals and thus made it more difficult to access support and complete the psychological tasks typically associated with bereavement. This paper conceptualizes the common bereavement tasks including emotion-focused coping, maintaining a connection to the deceased, disengagement and reframing death and loss, and problem-focused coping. It provides examples of how the COVID-19 pandemic has altered mourning rituals across several cultures and religions and contributed to prolonged grief disorder as defined by the ICD-11 that includes depressive symptoms and post-traumatic stress. Early evidence suggested that the suddenness of loss, the social isolation, and the lack of social support often associated with COVID-19-related death are salient risk factors for complicated grief. As a consequence, psychological assessments, grief counseling, and mental health support are needed by families of patients who died from COVID-19. These services must be essential components of any comprehensive public health response to the pandemic.
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Zelena, András. "A komplikált gyász felismerése az orvos szemszögéből." Orvosi Hetilap 158, no. 36 (September 2017): 1426–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/650.2017.30840.
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Abstract: By reviewing two bereavement support group cases I wish to demonstrate the important role a doctor, also receptive of his patients’ non-verbal signals, has in the early recognition of complicated grief and halted grief process. Doctors are aware of individual traumas and destinies, and general practitioners are familiar with the details of their patients’ life and home circumstances, could be catalysts for the continuation of the halted grief process. They discover the real cause of trauma behind several psychosomatic symptoms. For professionals working with bereavement support groups and meeting a number of different manifestations of the experience of absence and loss in people facing complicated grief (by its former, stigmatizing term: pathological or distorted grief), synchronizing the work of such heterogeneous groups of people, who have diverse loss history and individual (grief) habitus, is a real professional challenge. In such a work process the activity of doctors and health care workers can be supportive and could facilitate progress. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(36): 1426–1431.
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Packman, Wendy, Betty J. Carmack, Rachel Katz, France Carlos, Nigel P. Field, and Craig Landers. "Online Survey as Empathic Bridging for the Disenfranchised Grief of Pet Loss." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 69, no. 4 (December 2014): 333–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/om.69.4.a.
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The current cross-cultural study investigated grief reactions of bereaved individuals following the death of a pet. We used qualitative methodology to compare, analyze, and report responses of U.S. and French Canadian participants to the last open-ended question on our online pet loss survey. We explored the degree to which our data illustrated pet loss as disenfranchised grief and asked whether there are differences and commonalities in the expression of grief between the two samples. Four major themes emerged: lack of validation and support; intensity of loss; nature of the human pet relationship; and continuing bonds. Findings confirm that, for both the U.S. and French Canadian participants, pet loss is often disenfranchised grief and there are ways to facilitate expressions of grief. Many participants wrote that the survey was therapeutic. Our survey allowed participants to express their grief in an anonymous, safe way by serving as empathic bridging and a willingness to help others.
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Frost, Mardi. "The Grief Grapevine: Facebook Memorial Pages and Adolescent Bereavement." Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling 24, no. 2 (January 15, 2014): 256–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jgc.2013.30.
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How adolescents use the social networking site Facebook to express grief is a growing area of research. In reviewing current literature, it is evident that many questions still remain unanswered. Additionally, this ever-evolving platform for grief, mourning and bereavement may hold many implications for educators, policy developers and school counsellors and how they manage and support adolescents dealing with the sudden death of a peer. This article explores the reasons why Facebook memorials may appeal to a grieving adolescent, conventions in online grief, and challenges for schools in the context of policies for social networking.
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Corpuz, Jeff Clyde G. "Loss, grief and healing: accompaniment in time of COVID-19." Journal of Public Health 43, no. 2 (March 2, 2021): e336-e337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdab041.
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Abstract This paper is a response to the recent correspondence published in this journal where the author rightly stated that need to redirect one’s perception on the different realities of life such as death. This paper discusses the difficulties associated with loss, grief and healing in the time of COVID-19 pandemic. This paper further adds the importance of accompaniment to people experiencing the complicated grief process. The COVID-19 pandemic is affecting the way one overcome grief where the bereaved are required to grieve without the support of usual social, cultural and religious rituals.
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Kroth, Jerry, Marylynne Garcia, Michelle Hallgren, Emilyann LeGrue, Maureen Ross, and Juliana Scalise. "Perinatal Loss, Trauma, and Dream Reports." Psychological Reports 94, no. 3 (June 2004): 877–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.94.3.877-882.
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This study investigated correlations among dream characteristics and measures of trauma and perinatal bereavement as reported by women who have experienced perinatal loss. 37 women who had experienced perinatal loss were randomly selected from a perinatal support group and administered the Impact of Event Scale, the Perinatal Grief Scale, and the KJP Dream Inventory. Scores on the Impact of Events Scale (IES) correlated with Emotional Pain (.41), Despair (.37), Dreams of Death (.31), Dreams of Water (–.29), and Dreams of Being Famous (–.36). Subjects who reported higher Social Support and Emotional Expressiveness throughout their trauma showed lower scores on IES Total scores (–.52), Despair (–.62), and reported dreaming more in color (.41). Results are discussed in terms of the hypothesized role dreams may play in the grief-recovery process.