Journal articles: 'Pedicels'

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Athoo, Thomas O., Andreas Winkler, and Moritz Knoche. "Pedicel Transpiration in Sweet Cherry Fruit: Mechanisms, Pathways, and Factors." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 140, no. 2 (March 2015): 136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.140.2.136.

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Pedicel appearance is a good indicator of freshness in sweet cherries (Prunus avium L.). Fruit with shriveled, discolored pedicels have reduced market value. Shriveled pedicels are thought to result from postharvest water loss due to transpiration. The objectives of our study were to 1) quantify the transpiration permeances of fruit and pedicel surfaces; 2) determine the role of the fruit in pedicel transpiration; and 3) identify the effects of selected factors on pedicel transpiration. Fruit with and without pedicels were incubated under controlled conditions [usually 22 °C, 75% relative humidity (RH)] and their mass losses determined gravimetrically. Pedicel transpiration was calculated by subtracting measured transpiration of fruit without pedicels from that of fruit with pedicels. Cumulative pedicel transpiration increased with time. Rates of pedicel transpiration were essentially constant over the first 0 to 1.5 hours but declined thereafter, approaching an asymptote over the subsequent period of 1.5 to 96 hours over which measurements were made. Cumulative pedicel transpiration exceeded the amount of water in the pedicel, indicating that at least some of the transpired water originated from the fruit. There was no significant effect of steam girdling on pedicel transpiration suggesting that water moved from the fruit to the pedicel through the xylem (steaming prevents phloem conduction). Abrading the cuticular membrane (CM) from a pedicel surface or extracting the cuticular wax by dipping pedicels once or five times in chloroform/methanol (1:1 v/v) increased rates of transpiration 12-, 3-, and 5-fold, respectively. The water vapor permeance of the pedicel surface determined under steady-state conditions (8.7 ± 0.4 × 10−4 m·s−1) exceeded that of the fruit (2.1 ± 0.1 × 10−4 m·s−1), possibly because of a more permeable CM and/or a higher stomatal density (38.5 ± 1.3 stomata/mm2 for pedicels vs. 1.1 ± 0.0 stomata/mm2 for fruit). Treatments known to affect stomatal opening (incubation in buffered abscisic acid at 0.1 mm or in CO2- or N2-atmospheres) had no effects on pedicel transpiration. Rates of transpiration were negatively correlated with RH but positively with temperature. There was no effect of RH and/or temperature on the permeances of pedicel or fruit surfaces. From our results it is inferred that 1) pedicel transpiration is a physical process governed by Fick’s law of diffusion, where cuticle and wax in particular represent the major rate-limiting barriers; 2) the permeances of pedicel surfaces exceed those of fruit surfaces; and 3) pedicel transpiration can be minimized by minimizing the driving force (difference in water vapor concentration) during postharvest handling and storage.

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Kardolus, J. P., and N. Bezem. "The floral abscission zone in series Acaulia and related taxa of Solanum section Petota." Canadian Journal of Botany 76, no. 8 (August 1, 1998): 1424–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b98-149.

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Species of the genus Solanum usually possess pedicels with a floral abscission zone, which is designated the "articulation" or "joint." A distinct group of tuber-bearing wild potatoes, series Acaulia, is characterized by an indistinct or completely absent articulation. The anatomy of pedicels without articulation is compared with that of articulated pedicels. No abscission zone is observed in pedicels without an articulation, a situation found in the tetraploids Solanum acaule Bitter ssp. acaule and S. acaule ssp. punae (Juz.) Hawkes & Hjert. The hexaploids Solanum albicans (Ochoa) Ochoa and S. acaule ssp. palmirense Kardolus of series Acaulia have an anatomically incompletely differentiated abscission zone. Solanum acaule ssp. aemulans (Bitter & Wittm.) Hawkes & Hjert. (2n = 48) has articulated pedicels and a floral abscission zone. The absence of a floral abscission zone is presumably a recessive trait. The special features of pedicel articulation in series Acaulia are discussed in relation to the "jointless" mutations in tomato. The position of the articulation on the pedicel is concluded to be less significant for taxonomy than generally considered.Key words: Solanaceae, Solanum acaule, anatomy, "jointless" mutation, pedicel articulation, taxonomy.

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LoPresti, E. F., J. Goidell, J. M. Mola, M. L. Page, C. D. Specht, C. Stuligross, M. G. Weber, N. M. Williams, and R. Karban. "A lever action hypothesis for pendulous hummingbird flowers: experimental evidence from a columbine." Annals of Botany 125, no. 1 (August 12, 2019): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcz134.

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Abstract Background and Aims Pendulous flowers (due to a flexible pedicel) are a common, convergent trait of hummingbird-pollinated flowers. However, the role of flexible pedicels remains uncertain despite several functional hypotheses. Here we present and test the ‘lever action hypothesis’: flexible pedicels allow pendulous flowers to move upwards from all sides, pushing the stigma and anthers against the underside of the feeding hummingbird regardless of which nectary is being visited. Methods To test whether this lever action increased pollination success, we wired emasculated flowers of serpentine columbine, Aquilegia eximia, to prevent levering and compared pollination success of immobilized flowers with emasculated unwired and wire controls. Key Results Seed set was significantly lower in wire-immobilized flowers than unwired control and wire control flowers. Video analysis of visits to wire-immobilized and unwired flowers demonstrated that birds contacted the stigmas and anthers of immobilized flowers less often than those of flowers with flexible pedicels. Conclusions We conclude that flexible pedicels permit the levering of reproductive structures onto a hovering bird. Hummingbirds, as uniquely large, hovering pollinators, differ from flies or bees which are too small to cause levering of flowers while hovering. Thus, flexible pedicels may be an adaptation to hummingbird pollination, in particular due to hummingbird size. We further speculate that this mechanism is effective only in radially symmetric flowers; in contrast, zygomorphic hummingbird-pollinated flowers are usually more or less horizontally oriented rather than having pendulous flowers and flexible pedicels.

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Carbonaro, Della, and William B. Miller. "ELONGATION OF LILIUM LONGIFLORUM BUDS AND PEDICELS IS LOCALIZED AT THE BUD BASE REGION." HortScience 25, no. 9 (September 1990): 1063b—1063. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1063b.

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Success in the production of seasonal flowering plants requires adequate knowledge of plant growth patterns and rates. In Easter lilies, pedicel growth is one the components of final plant height. Flower bud growth rates are important from the standpoint of timing of anthesis. To learn more about the localization of growth in Easter lily flower buds and pedicels, we conducted a time course experiment. Buds and pedicels were marked at 1.2 mm intervals using an inked bolt. Distances between ink marks were determined at 3 day intervals. Results indicate that 30 mm flower buds elongate almost exclusively from basal regions of the bud. The basal 1.2 mm segment elongated 16 mm in 20 days, while the apical 1.2 mm segment elongated 0.75 mm in the same period. Larger buds (initially 90 mm) gave similar results, although bud tip growth rate increased to some degree just prior to flowering. Pedicel elongation occurred almost exclusively at the apical end of the pedicel, adjacent to the region of greatest bud growth.

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Lautenschläger, Thea, Markus Rüggeberg, Niclas Noack, Katharina Bunk, Monizi Mawunu, Thomas Speck, and Christoph Neinhuis. "Functional principles of baobab fruit pedicels – anatomy and biomechanics." Annals of Botany 126, no. 7 (August 18, 2020): 1215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcaa149.

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Abstract Background and Aims Fruit pedicels have to deal with increasing loads after pollination due to continuous growth of the fruits. Thus, they represent interesting tissues from a mechanical as well as a developmental point of view. However, only a few studies exist on fruit pedicels. In this study, we unravel the anatomy and structural–mechanical relationships of the pedicel of Adansonia digitata, reaching up to 90 cm in length. Methods Morphological and anatomical analyses included examination of stained cross-sections from various positions along the stalk as well as X-ray microtomography and scanning electron microscopy. For mechanical testing, fibre bundles derived from the mature pedicels were examined via tension tests. For establishing the structural–mechanical relationships, the density of the fibre bundles as well as their cellulose microfibril distribution and chemical composition were analysed. Key Results While in the peduncle the vascular tissue and the fibres are arranged in a concentric ring-like way, this organization shifts to the polystelic structure of separate fibre bundles in the pedicel. The polystelic pedicel possesses five vascular strands that consist of strong bast fibre bundles. The fibre bundles have a Young’s modulus of up to 5 GPa, a tensile strength of up to 400 MPa, a high density (>1 g cm−3) and a high microfibril angle of around 20°. Conclusions The structural arrangement as well as the combination of high density and high microfibril angle of the bast fibre bundles are probably optimized for bearing considerable strain in torsion and bending while at the same time allowing for carrying high-tension loads.

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Habdas, Hanna, Leszek S. Jankiewicz, and Bożena Borkowska. "Changes in anatomical structure of apple fruitlet pedicels preceding June drop." Acta Agrobotanica 35, no. 1 (2013): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/aa.1982.002.

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The anatomical structure of pedicels of apple fruitlets was investigated. The fruitlets of cv. 'Mcintosh' and 'Bancroft' were collected on June 8th, 16th an 24th. The middle date coincided with the beginning of June drop. The pedicel structure of larger fruitlets which tended to be retained on the tree was compared with that of smaller fruitlets which tended to be shed of. In the pedicels of larger fruitlets, development of the xylem, especially secondary one, was more intensive. This difference increased in time. Lignification of cortex sclereids, phloem fibers, xylem parenchyma cells and pith cells was also more advanced. The differences in the amount of phloem tissue between both kinds of fruitlets were not large but usually significant. The mentioned differences especially in pedicel xylem development are considered to be partly responsible for the fact that smaller fruitlets loose gradually their ability to compete for nutrients. This finally leads to their starvation and shedding.

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Pérez, Francisco J., and Verónica Morales. "A basic peroxidase isoenzyme from the grape pedicel is induced by gibberellic acid." Functional Plant Biology 26, no. 4 (1999): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp98127.

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Soluble peroxidase activity from pedicels of seedless table grape cv. Sultana was highly stimulated by post-bloom applications of gibberellic acid (GA3) to vines. The increase in peroxidase activity was mainly due to the induction of a basic peroxidase isoenzyme (pI > 9; BPrx-HpI). The activity of two other peroxidase isoenzymes of pI 6.5 and 3.2 was not altered by the hormone treatment. BPrx-HpI was induced by GA3 in pedicels and rachis but not in berries, although in berries peroxidase activity was also stimulated by post-bloom GA3 applications. BPrx-HpI oxidised guaiacol and ortho-phenylenediamine (o-PDA), while the others peroxidases found in the pedicel and in the berry oxidised only o-PDA. Hence, BPrx-HpI was characterised as a guaiacol-peroxidase showing no activity towards ascorbic acid (ASC). The possible role of BPrx-HpI in pedicel lignification and berry-drop caused by GA3 applications to cv. Sultana vines is discussed.

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GOUVÊA, YURI FERNANDES, and JOÃO RENATO STEHMANN. "Two new species of the Solanum asterophorum species group (Solanum subg. Leptostemonum, Solanaceae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest." Phytotaxa 288, no. 2 (December 14, 2016): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.288.2.2.

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Two new species of “spiny” Solanum (subgenus Leptostemonum), endemic to the Atlantic Forest of the southeastern region of Brazil, are described. Solanum igniferum and Solanum sessilantherum are morphologically related to Solanum asterophorum. Solanum igniferum inhabits the southern region of Espírito Santo State, and can be primarily distinguished from S. asterophorum by its orange-colored to ferruginous vestiture and the pedicels that are straight, or nearly so, keeping the flower buds erect to patent. Solanum sessilantherum differs chiefly from S. asterophorum also by pedicels that are straight, or nearly so, keeping the floral buds erect to patent, loosely arranged inflorescences, with armed axis, usually with unpaired pedicel insertion points when fully developed, and inconspicuous filaments giving the anthers a sessile appearance. Full descriptions, illustrations, distribution map and conservation status are provided, as well as comparative notes on the morphology, geography and some ecological aspects.

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Tarnowski, Tara L., José M. Pérez-Martínez, and Randy C. Ploetz. "Fuzzy Pedicel: A New Postharvest Disease of Banana." Plant Disease 94, no. 5 (May 2010): 621–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-94-5-0621.

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Banana fruit of the Cavendish subgroup, Musa acuminata, are significant international commodities. Recently, a transnational company attempted to develop single fruit (fingers) as a product in the United States. In the summer of 2007, an unknown problem developed (hereafter, “fuzzy pedicel”), wherein mats of fluffy gray to white mycelial mats covered large portions of the pedicel surface of fruit when they were packed in gas-permeable containers. Fungi from two genera sporulated on examined pedicels: Sporothrix, which occurred on 72% of the affected pedicels, and Fusarium (6%); other fungi were sterile. From pedicel tissue, four genera of fungi were isolated on potato dextrose agar: Sporothrix and Fusarium and, less frequently, Pestalotiopsis and Nigrospora. Based on alignment with internal transcribed spacer and β-tubulin sequence data, the Sporothrix isolates were closely related to those in an environmental Ophiostoma/Sporothrix clade that contains Sporothrix stylites, S. humicola, and S. pallida but not the human pathogen S. schenkii. Based on EF1α gene sequences, four species in the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex (Fusarium proliferatum, F. pseudocircinatum, F. sacchari, and F. verticillioides) and two unnamed taxa in the F. incarnatum-equiseti species complex were identified. After artificial inoculation, representative Sporothrix and Fusarium isolates caused fuzzy pedicel symptoms on fruit of ‘Grand Nain,’ a commercial Cavendish cultivar. Fuzzy pedicel development was inhibited at 14°C (temperature at which fruit are shipped) but developed at 25°C (temperature at which fruit are marketed). Sporothrix isolates were insensitive to thiophanate-methyl fungicide in vitro and when used to treat pedicel surfaces prior to inoculation. Thus, it appears that benzimidazole fungicides would be ineffective as postharvest treatments for this problem. In summary, a new postharvest disease of banana, fuzzy pedicel, affects single fingers. It is caused by Sporothrix sp. and several species of Fusarium. Sporothrix spp. and F. pseudocircinatum have not been reported previously on banana.

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HOQUE, AKRAMUL, PAKSHIRAJAN LAKSHMINARASIMHAN, and DEBABRATA MAITY. "Dioscorea longipedicellata (Dioscoreaceae), a new species from the Indian subcontinent." Phytotaxa 367, no. 2 (September 4, 2018): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.367.2.7.

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A new species of Dioscorea, viz., D. longipedicellata is described and illustrated based on collections from northeast India and northwest Bangladesh. The new species is closely allied to D. kamoonensis and D. pentaphylla. D. longipedicellata can be diagnosed by its glabrous stem, glabrous membranous lamina, pedicellate male flowers, funnel-shaped, fleshy prominent pedicels, glabrous bract situated at the base of pedicel directly on rachis and membranous, glabrous tepals.

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TIWARY, RAGHUVAR, HARSH SINGH, DIBYENDU ADHIKARI, PREM PRAKASH SINGH, and SAROJ KANTA BARIK. "Discovery of Aconitum haridasanii (Ranunculaceae), a new species from Arunachal Pradesh, India." Phytotaxa 440, no. 3 (April 28, 2020): 232–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.440.3.5.

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Aconitum haridasanii, a new species from Tawang, India, is described and illustrated. This new species differs from its allied species Aconitum spicatum in having a taller and flexuous stem, pale yellow to whitish flowers in a shorter few-flowered inflorescence, densely pubescent shorter pedicels, bract shorter than pedicel, shorter sepals, longer petals, and only 3 carpels. Threat assessment was undertaken for the species following IUCN criteria (IUCN 2017 version 13) and the species was classified as Critically Endangered.

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Montesinos-Tubée, Daniel B., Carolina Tovar, Gustavo Iberico-Vela, Juan Montoya-Quino, and Isidoro Sanchez-Vega. "Drymaria veliziae (Caryophyllaceae), a new species from the Andes of Cajamarca (North Peru)." PhytoKeys 140 (February 24, 2020): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.140.47738.

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A new species from the Northern Peruvian Andes (Cajamarca department), Drymaria veliziaesp. nov., is proposed in the present paper. It grows in the high-elevation montane grasslands and it is morphologically similar to D. auriculipetala from which it differs in having elliptic-ovate leaves, blade margin bases glandular, large number of stipules arranged in a pedicel form at the leaf axis and by the short and glandular pedicels. A detailed description, original photographs and a location map are provided, as well as an updated diagnostic key of Drymaria Ser. Frutescens. The IUCN status of the new species is assessed as Endangered (EN).

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Brito, Edy Sousa de, and Narendra Narain. "Physical and chemical characteristics of sapota fruit at different stages of maturation." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 37, no. 4 (April 2002): 567–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2002000400020.

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In the present work, the physical and chemical characteristics in three stages of maturation of sapota (Manilkara zapota L.P. Royen) fruit were studied as well as its post-harvest behavior during storage at ambient and refrigerated conditions. With the advance of maturation, the concentration of the reducing sugars increased while the total acidity and tannin contents decreased. The fruits which did not have their pedicel removed during the post-harvest presented the storage time superior when compared with the fruits having their pedicels removed. The fruits stored under refrigeration had higher weight retention as compared to the fruits stored under ambient conditions.

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Beyer, Marco, Stefanie Peschel, Moritz Knoche, and Manfred Knörgen. "Studies on Water Transport Through the Sweet Cherry Fruit Surface: IV. Regions of Preferential Uptake." HortScience 37, no. 4 (July 2002): 637–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.37.4.637.

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Water uptake in different regions of the sweet cherry fruit (Prunus avium L. cv. Sam) was investigated following selective application of silicone sealant to the pedicel end, pedicel cavity, pedicel/fruit juncture, or stylar scar of detached fruit. The time course of water uptake was monitored gravimetrically during a 3-hour incubation period in deionized water (20 °C). Sealing the pedicel end and/or pedicel/fruit juncture significantly reduced rates and total amount (3 hours) of water uptake, but sealing the stylar scar had no effect. The amount of water penetrating via the pedicel/fruit juncture increased between 50 and 85 days after full bloom. During the same period the maximum force required to detach pedicels from fruit (fruit removal force) fell from 5.2 ± 0.5 to 2.1 ± 0.2 N. The amount of water penetrating via the pedicel/fruit juncture and the fruit removal force were negatively related. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging of mature fruit incubated in D2O indicated that D2O accumulated in the pedicel cavity region and the pedicel. Our data suggest that the pedicel end and pedicel/fruit juncture, but not the stylar scar, are regions of preferential water uptake in detached fruit. Chemical name used: deuterium oxide (D2O).

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Lehman, Laura J., C. R. Unrath, and Eric Young. "Mature `Starkrimson Delicious' Apple Tree Response to Paclobutrazol Application Method." HortScience 25, no. 4 (April 1990): 429–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.4.429.

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Mature spur-type `Delicious'/seedling apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh.) were examined for 2 years after paclobutrazol (PB) foliar sprays with or without a soil cover to direct spray runoff away from the root zone, soil sprays, or a trunk drench. Foliar sprays with runoff reduced shoot number and fruit pedicel length in the year of treatment, but had no effect on shoot length. Trees that received foliar sprays with no runoff had fewer and shorter shoots and shorter pedicels the year after treatment. Soil sprays or a trunk drench reduced shoot number and pedicel length for 2 years after application, while only soil sprays reduced fruit weight, diameter, and length. Chemical name used: β- [(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]- α -(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1 H -1,2,4,-triazol-1-ethanol (paclobutrazol).

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Poinar, George, Peter G. Kevan, and Betsy R. Jackes. "Fossil species in Boehmerieae (Urticaceae) in Dominican and Mexican amber: a new genus (Ekrixanthera) and two new species with anemophilous pollination by explosive pollen release, and possible lepidopteran herbivory." Botany 94, no. 8 (August 2016): 599–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2016-0006.

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The first fossil flowers of Neotropical Urticaceae (Boehmerieae) are described from the Dominican Republic and Mexico as belonging to a new genus, Ekrixanthera. Ekrixanthera hispaniolae sp. nov. from Dominican amber has pentamerous staminate flowers on short pedicels with a pilose pistillode and heteromorphic pilose tepals: two are clavate and three linear. Ekrixanthera ehecatli sp. nov. has pentamerous staminate flowers lacking pedicels, a pistillode with greatly reduced pilosity, glabrous and heteromorphic tepals with two linear and three wedge-shaped with truncate tips. The presence or absence of a pedicel, heterotrophic condition of the tepals, and the presence or absence of pilosity of the pistillode and tepals separate the two species. Those characters, together with the pentamerous flowers separate both fossil species from extant genera. The floral structures indicate explosive pollen release and pollination by wind (anemophily). Pistillate flowers have not been found for this usually dioecious tribe. Lepidopteran herbivory is suggested by a damaged stipule in one specimen and a nymphalid butterfly (Vanessa-like) caterpillar that may have used Ekrixanthera as a food plant is illustrated. The fossils establish an early lineage of Boehmerieae with characteristic explosive pollen release and perhaps associated herbivorous insects in the West Indies and North America during the mid-Tertiary.

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TONG, YI HUA. "Agapetes xiana sp. nov. (Ericaceae) from Xizang, China." Phytotaxa 252, no. 4 (March 16, 2016): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.252.4.6.

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Agapetes xiana sp. nov., from Southeast Xizang, China is described and illustrated here. It is similar to A. xizangensis and A. subansirica, but differs from the former by its larger leaves, longer pedicels, smaller calyx lobes, yellowish green corollas and longer stamens, and from the latter by having inflorescences with fewer flowers, much longer pedicels, corollas and stamens. Its taxonomic position is also discussed.

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Kusdianti, Mrs, and Trimurti H. Wardini. "PENGARUH 6-BENZILAMINOPURIN (BAP) TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN LAPISAN PEMISAH (ZONA ABSISI) PADA TANGKAI KUNTUM BUNGA KACANG HIJAU, VIGNA RADIATA (L.) Wilczek VARITAS WALET." Jurnal Pengajaran Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam 3, no. 1 (January 13, 2015): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18269/jpmipa.v3i1.375.

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The effect of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) on separation layer formation of mungbean Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek var. walet was carried out. The objective was to know the effect of BAP on separation layer formation. The experiment was done by spraying the first inflorescent with 8 x 10-4 M BAP three days before and three days after the fifth flower was anthesis. Samples of flower pedicellus were taken three days before dan three days after fifth flower was bloom. Then they were fixed and processed for anatomical observation by preparing histological slides accoding to O’Brien and Horner (1981). The result show that in control plant, two days before the fifth flower started to anthesis, cells of the abscission zone started to be activated to form separation layer. It was initiated by cell division within the adaxial edge and progressing inward across the cortex to the vascular strands. Abscission layer was completed at the time or a day after the fifth flower was anthesis. No histological changes observed in with 8 x 10-4 M BAP treated plant. No abscission layer were recorded for the pedicels treated plant during the course of the experimentKey word : 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), abscission zone, pedicel

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Tong, Yi Hua, and Nian He Xia. "New taxa of Agapetes (Ericaceae) from Myanmar." Phytotaxa 184, no. 1 (October 29, 2014): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.184.1.5.

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A new species and a new variety of the genus Agapetes from Kachin State, Myanmar are described and illustrated here. Agapetes putaoensis sp. nov. can be easily recognized by its very short peduncles and small cylindric-conical corollas divided more than a half, and Agapetes wardii var. heterotricha var. nov. differs from the typical variety in having longer pedicels and puberulous pedicels and calyxes sometimes with glandular setae. The distribution map of these two new taxa is also provided.

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LI, HUI-MIN, QIONG YUAN, and QIN-ER YANG. "Taxonomic studies on the genus Delphinium (Ranunculaceae) from China (XX): Reduction of D. ellipticovatum and D. tianshanicum to the synonymy of D. winklerianum." Phytotaxa 405, no. 1 (May 29, 2019): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.405.1.4.

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Delphinium ellipticovatum, D. tianshanicum and D. winklerianum (Ranunculaceae) share some important characters in leaf division, pedicel pubescence and the shape of the spur of upper sepals. They have been considered to be different mainly in the characters of bracteoles (shape, size, indumentum, and position on pedicels). Our critical observations on herbarium specimens (including type material) and living plants, together with numerical analyses of the bracteole characters within and between populations of the species in question, have demonstrated that, in addition to D. kuanii previously already synonymized with D. winklerianum, both D. ellipticovatum and D. tianshanicum are also indistinguishable from D. winklerianum. We therefore further place D. ellipticovatum and D. tianshanicum also in synonymy with D. winklerianum.

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Brüggenwirth, Martin, and Moritz Knoche. "Xylem conductance of sweet cherry pedicels." Trees 29, no. 6 (August 8, 2015): 1851–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00468-015-1266-4.

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Xia, Chun-hua, Yi-wei Chen, and Jian-hua Chen. "Inhibitory Effects of Oyster Shell on the Spathe “Greenback” of Anthurium andraeanum Lind." E3S Web of Conferences 131 (2019): 01108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913101108.

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Anthurium andraeanum Lind. is an important tropical flower. However, the spathe of A. andraeanum develops a ”greenback” under low-light conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the use of oyster shell supplementation as a cultivation technique for inhibiting the spathe “greenback” of A. andraeanum under low-light conditions. Appropriate calcium from micro-dissolution of oyster shell can improve the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) which is positively correlated with the anthocyanin content. Using regression models and response surface methodology (RSM), the relationships between oyster shell fragments and the anthocyanin content were determined. The results showed that the solubility of oyster shells increased with the increase in fragment weight, C, and time, T at pH 5.9. In oyster shell substrate, cultivation of A. andraeanum under low-light conditions (less than 220 μmol·m−2·s−1) at pH 5.9, regression analysis showed that the PAL activity in pedicels of A. andraeanum first increased and then decreased with the increase in oyster shell fragment weight C, and the 286 mg oyster shell fragments greatly increased the PAL activity of A. andraeanum pedicels within 8 weeks (w). The 286 mg oyster shell fragments significantly increased the anthocyanin content in A. andraeanum spathes under weak-light conditions within 8 h, and the soluble sugar content reached the maximum value at 15 weeks as well, together with the pedicel diameter, soluble sugar and water content, thus inhibiting the spathe “greenback” of A. andraeanum.

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Biju, P., E. J. Josekutty, and Augustine Jomy. "Dimeria kalerii (Poaceae: Panicoideae), A new species from northern Kerala, India." Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy 25, no. 1 (December 29, 2018): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v25i1.37175.

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Dimeria kalerii, a new species collected from the lateritic plateaus of NorthernKerala, India is described and illustrated. It is allied to Dimeria gracilis in robust habit, densely bearded nodes, lax racemes, long clavate pedicels with cupuliform apex but differs in ciliate apex of ligules, numerous racemes on the peduncles (7-32), hairy pedicels, smaller spikelets (3.8–4.2 mm), shorter cilia on the upper and lower glume, long bristly hairs at the apex of upper glume, hairy column of awns and smaller anthers (1.8–2.0 mm).Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 25(1): 13-18, 2018 (June)

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LI, HUI-MIN, QIONG YUAN, and QIN-ER YANG. "Taxonomic studies on the genus Delphinium (Ranunculaceae) from China (XVIII): Towards clarification of the confusion of D. iliense with special reference to observations on living plants in the Ili region in northwestern Xinjiang." Phytotaxa 403, no. 1 (May 9, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.403.1.1.

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Based on observations on living plants in the field, together with examination of herbarium specimens (including type material), we demonstrate that Delphinium iliense (Ranunculaceae) is highly variable in the indumentum of peduncles, pedicels, bracteoles, sepals and carpels and also in the shape of bracteoles and their position on pedicels. We therefore redefine this species and, in addition to accepting some previous synonyms in this species, such as D. longiciliatum and D. turkestanicum, we further reduce D. iliense var. angustatum and D. naviculare to its synonymy. We also propose lectotypification for D. iliense var. angustatum and D. turkestanicum.

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25

Chen, Q., A. Atkinson, D. Otsuga, T. Christensen, L. Reynolds, and G. N. Drews. "The Arabidopsis FILAMENTOUS FLOWER gene is required for flower formation." Development 126, no. 12 (June 15, 1999): 2715–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.126.12.2715.

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A screen for mutations affecting flower formation was carried out and several filamentous flower (fil) alleles were identified. In fil mutants, floral primordia occasionally give rise to pedicels lacking flowers at their ends. This defect is dramatically enhanced in fil rev double mutants, in which every floral primordium produces a flowerless pedicel. These data suggest that the FIL and REV genes are required for an early step of flower formation, possibly for the establishment of a flower-forming domain within the floral primordium. The FIL gene is also required for establishment of floral meristem identity and for flower development. During flower development, the FIL gene is required for floral organ formation in terms of the correct numbers and positions; correct spatial activity of the AGAMOUS, APETALA3, PISTILLATA and SUPERMAN genes; and floral organ development.

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SIVU, AMBIKABAI RAGHAVANPILLAI, MATALAI KOKKARAMATH RATHEESH NARAYANAN, NEDIYAPARAMBU SUKUMARAN PRADEEP, ETTICKAL SUKUMARAN SANTHOSH KUMAR, and ALAGRAMAM GOVINDASAMY PANDURANGAN. "A new species of Memecylon (Melastomataceae) from the Western Ghats, India." Phytotaxa 162, no. 1 (March 6, 2014): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.162.1.4.

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Memecylon ponmudianum, a new species of Melastomataceae from Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala, India, is described and illustrated. The new species resembles M. terminale and M. subramanii but differs from the former by its larger and sessile leaves with cordate and amplexicaul leaf bases, robust and shortly peduncled inflorescences, pedicels distinctly shorter than the campanulate calyx, and from the latter by the terete stem and branchlets, smaller subsessile and amplexicaul leaves, terminal short peduncled umbellate cymes with terete peduncle and the pedicels distinctly shorter than calyx. A key to the Memecylon species with cordate leaf bases occurring in south India and Sri Lanka is also presented.

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HERNÁNDEZ, HÉCTOR M., and CARLOS GÓMEZ-HINOSTROSA. "A narrowly endemic new species of Calliandra series Racemosae (Fabaceae) from Sinaloa, Mexico." Phytotaxa 401, no. 1 (April 10, 2019): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.401.1.4.

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Calliandra estebanensis, a new species of Fabaceae, mimosoid, from a remote locality of Sinaloa, Mexico, is here described and illustrated. The new species is probably closely related to C. grandiflora, an extremely common species frequently found in oak, pine and pine-oak forests, from northwestern Mexico, in Durango, Sinaloa and Sonora, to Honduras and El Salvador. The new species is distinguished from C. grandiflora by its flowers with longer peduncles, shorter pedicels, and larger calyces and corollas, and by the much denser white-sericeous vestiture covering all reproductive structures. Excluding the longer pedicels, C. grandiflora has smaller flower parts, which are covered with a finer vestiture of shorter, variably-colored trichomes.

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Wang, Dao-Jing, Jing-Wen Zeng, Wen-Tao Ma, Min Lu, and Hua-Ming An. "Morphological and Structural Characters of Trichomes on Various Organs of Rosa roxburghii." HortScience 54, no. 1 (January 2019): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci13485-18.

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Rosa roxburghii Tratt (Rosaceae) of various organ surfaces are widely existing trichomes. Certain varieties have fruits that are thickly covered with macroscopic trichomes. R. roxburghii Tratt (RR) and R. roxburghii Tratt. f. esetosa Ku (RRE) are important commercial horticultural crops in China because of their nutritional and medicinal values. RRE is generally considered a smooth-fruit variant that arose from RR. Despite their economic importance, the morphological and anatomic features of organ trichomes have not been explored in detail for these two rose germplasms. In this research, we investigated the distribution, morphology, and structure of trichomes distributed on the stem, pedicel, fruit, sepal, and marginal lobule sepals (MLS) of RR as well as RRE. This was accomplished using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). There are various shapes of trichomes distributed on the surfaces of stems, pedicels, fruits, and sepals of the two germplasms. Binate prickles arose on the stem nodes in both germplasms, but acicular trichomes, papillary trichomes, and ribbon trichomes were present only on the surfaces of pedicels in RR. Likewise, flagelliform trichomes were present only on the surfaces of pedicels in RRE. Furthermore, a transection of stems shows that thorns in the two germplasms are composed of epidermis, meristematic layer, and parenchyma cells. The trichome epidermis and meristematic layer in stems of RR are composed of round cells, whereas RRE exhibits square cells in the same layers. Trichomes on the fruit of RR were macroscopic and of single flagelliform and acicular shape. RRE exhibited polymorphic trichomes of flagelliform, triangular, capitate glandular, and elliptic glandular shapes on the pericarp. On the surfaces of RR sepals, there are thick macroscopic acicular trichomes. In contrast, RRE sepals presented flagelliform trichomes and capitate glandular trichomes. It is interesting that no trichomes were found on the surfaces of the MLS in the two germplasms; however, stomata were densely packed on the MLS of RRE when compared with RR. For RR, the trichomes on both sepal and fruit are composed of an epidermis layer and parenchyma cells; however, the epidermis cells of sepal trichomes are polygon-shaped, in contrast to the round epidermis cells in fruit. These results suggest that the two rose germplasms are good candidates for understanding the trichome ontogeny in the genus and for further breeding of the smooth organ trait in this rose species.

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Fernández, Melania, Diego Bogarín, and Franco Pupulin. "A A new Muscarella (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) from Tapantí National Park, Costa Rica." Webbia 76, no. 1 (April 6, 2021): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/jopt-10029.

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A new species of Muscarella from Costa Rica, is described and illustrated. Muscarella tapantiensis most resembles M. coeloglossa but differs in the longer pedicels (3-5 vs. 1-2 mm), the shorter (2.5-2.8 vs. 3.75 mm), connate (vs. free) lateral sepals, and the lip with triangular (vs. broadly rounded) lower lateral lobes. Muscarella xanthella also resembles M. tapantiensis; however, it differs in the successively flowered raceme with alternate pedicels, the deeply fimbriate petals and the thick, rounded lip with densely verrucose lateral lobes. We provide illustrations, etymology, notes on ecology, pictures of the plants and habitat, and a distribution map of the new species. We discuss the inclusion of this species in the genus Muscarella.

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30

Mikeš, O., N. Vrchotová, J. Tříska, M. Kyseláková, and J. Šmidrkal. "Distribution of major polyphenolic compounds in vine grapes of different cultivars growing in South Moravian vineyards." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 26, No. 3 (June 11, 2008): 182–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1591-cjfs.

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The main chemoprotective polyphenolic compounds in the Vitis vinifera berries, rachis, and pedicels of 10 cultivars classified for the production of wine and growing in Southern Moravian vineyards, the Czech Republic, were studied. The following compounds were determined in the frozen fresh berries: gallic acid (1.8–13.3 mg/kg), catechin (70.3–659.1 mg/kg), epicatechin (67.1–237.2 mg/kg), trans-resveratrol (0.1–1.5 mg/kg), and pterostilbene (in traces); in the freeze-dried rachis and pedicels: rutin (10.5–68.6 mg/kg), isoquercitrine (29.8–218.3 mg/kg), catechin (283.7–2227 mg/kg), epicatechin (47.2–215.2 mg/kg), trans-resveratrol (2.6–37.1 mg/kg), and pterostilbene (0.01–0.13 mg/kg), respectively. The contents of polyphenolic compounds were different in various cultivars. The highest levels of catechin and epicatechin were found in the grapes of cv. Blauer Burgunder (3195 mg/kg), in which the second highest content of trans-resveratrol (33.2 mg/kg) was also found. The content of pterostilbene in the whole berries or stems was estimated for the first time. The rachis and pedicels could serve as a prospective source of polyphenolic compounds.

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JORDAAN, MARIE, RICHARD G. C. BOON, and ABRAHAM E. VAN WYK. "Putterlickia neglecta (Celastraceae), a new species from southern Africa." Phytotaxa 208, no. 3 (May 21, 2015): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.208.3.4.

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Putterlickia neglecta, a new species here described and illustrated, is known from South Africa (Mpumalanga and north-eastern KwaZulu-Natal), Swaziland and southern Mozambique. It is considered a near-endemic to the Maputaland Centre of Endemism. Plants grow as a shrub or small tree in savanna and thicket, or in the understory of inland, coastal and dune forests. Vegetatively it superficially resembles P. verrucosa, the species with which it has hitherto most often been confused. Both species have stems with prominently raised lenticels, but P. neglecta differs from P. verrucosa in having sessile to subsessile leaves with mostly entire, revolute leaf margins, flowers borne on pedicels 8–15 mm long, with petals up to 6 mm long and spreading or slightly recurved. Putterlickia verrucosa has leaves with distinct petioles, spinulose-denticulate margins, much smaller flowers borne on pedicels up to 4 mm long, with petals up to 2 mm long and erect or slightly spreading. The relatively large flowers of P. neglecta resemble those of P. pyracantha, but the latter differs in having stems with obscure or sunken lenticels, leaf margins entire or spinulose-denticulate and inflorescence axes as well as pedicels usually reddish. A comparative table to distinguish among the five currently recognized species of Putterlickia is provided.

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32

Wu, Cheng-Ying, Hong Wang, Xiao-Xiao He, Da-Wei Wu, Wei Yue, and Qi-Nan Wu. "The hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of polysaccharides from the petioles and pedicels of Euryale ferox Salisb. on alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice." Food Funct. 8, no. 10 (2017): 3803–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7fo01035d.

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The present study investigated the potential hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of polysaccharides extracted from the petioles and pedicels of Euryale ferox Salisb. (EFPP) on alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice.

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33

Nunes da Silva, Diego, Maria José Reis da Rocha, and Paulo José Fernandes Guimarães. "Fritzschia atropurpurea (Melastomataceae, Marcetieae): A New Species from the Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais, Brazil." Systematic Botany 44, no. 4 (December 14, 2019): 844–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1600/036364419x15710776741512.

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Abstract—Fritzschia atropurpurea, an endemic new species from the Serra do Cipó, Espinhaço Range, Minas Gerais state, Brazil, is described and illustrated. This new species can be easily differentiated from its congeners by the combination of the following characters: hirsute-glandular trichomes covering the branches, petioles, leaves, bracteoles, pedicels, hypanthium, sepals, and the medial-apical portion of the right margin of the petals; membranaceous leaves with a dark purple abaxial surface; and long pedicels. Images from scanning electron microscopy, photos of the species in the field, a distribution map, and a key to identify the congeners that occur in the Serra do Cipó are presented. We suggest that if a formal assessment were performed, Fritzschia atropurpurea would probably be categorized as an Endangered (EN) species.

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34

STONE, ROBERT DOUGLAS, and NTOMBIPHUMILE PERCEVERENCE TENZA. "Warneckea albiflora, a new species of W. subgenus Carnosae (Melastomataceae—Olisbeoideae) from coastal dry forest in northern Mozambique." Phytotaxa 311, no. 2 (June 27, 2017): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.311.2.4.

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Described and illustrated is Warneckea albiflora R.D. Stone & N.P. Tenza, another localized endemic of coastal dry forest near Quiterajo in Mozambique’s Cabo Delgado Province. In Flora Zambesiaca the new species would key to Memecylon sansibaricum Taub. [≡Warneckea sansibarica (Taub.) Jacq.-Fél.], but is distinguished by its elliptic-lanceolate, attenuate–acuminate leaves and white flowers borne on pedicels 3.5–4 mm long (versus leaves elliptic and rounded to shortly and obtusely acuminate, pedicels 6–15 mm long, and flowers pale blue to deep blue in Warneckea sansibarica). Because of its evidently very limited occurrence as well as on-going anthropogenic threats, Warneckea albiflora is provisionally assessed as Critically Endangered (CR) B1ab(iii) according to IUCN criteria. A key is provided to the Mozambican species of Warneckea.

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35

Harrison, J. E., and T. Beveridge. "Fruit structure of Hippophae rhamnoides cv. Indian Summer (sea buckthorn)." Canadian Journal of Botany 80, no. 4 (April 1, 2002): 399–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b02-016.

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Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) (Elaeagnaceae) has become of interest as a crop because of the nutritive qualities of its fruit. In this study, structural features of the fruit of H. rhamnoides ssp. cv. Indian Summer were examined by light microscopy. Additional information was obtained for branches, racemes, pedicels, female flowers, and seeds. Each fruit contains an embryo encased in a seed coat that is surrounded by a thin seed sac or pericarp with a persistent style, all of which is enclosed in the hypanthium. The hypanthium, which forms the fleshy portion of the fruit, contains vascular bundles, storage tissues, an endodermis, and an epidermis. The epidermis contains many trichomes and is confluent with the exterior of the pedicel. The calyx of the fruit is slightly open, and trichomes are present in the calyx opening, in the seed cavity, and on the tail of the seed sac. Harvest by removing the pedicel from the fruit rips the epidermis, which exposes fruit flesh and results in loss of juice from the fruit. Information on fruit structure is relevant to methods of harvesting.Key words: Hippophae, Elaeagnaceae, rhamnoides, mongolica Rousi, seed, microscopy.

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36

Yilmaz, Murat, Beyza Alkis, and Kemal Yucesoy. "The Effect of the Lumbar Pedicle and Pediculo-Corporal Junction Histology on the Pedicle Screw Insertion Technique." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 8, B (April 19, 2020): 177–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.3324.

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Background Posterior lumbar pedicle screw instrumentation has gained a wide acceptance in the treatment of the various spinal lesions requiring fusion. Inserting screws into the pedicles take a great deal of skill, as the dense bony parts are not large, and a mistake could push a bone fragment into the spinal nerves, causing pain, loss of mobility and other damage. Aim: To investigate the histological and gross-anatomical properties of the pediculocorporal junction, which can have important clinical implications on the insertion technique of the pedicle screws. Study Design: This study was approved by the University Clinical Center Review Board. Human cadaveric lumbar spinal segments which were fixed with formaldehyde were used in the study. Methods: Twenty pedicles from 10 lumbar spinal segments (L3-L5) were prepared for histological and gross-anatomical investigation. Thin slice cuts were taken from the specimens and examined histologically and macroscopically. Results: There were not any differences in the histological characteristics of the pedicles and the pediculo-corporal junction. Thin compact osseous formation or web like connective tissue formation was not identifiable in the pediculo-corporal junction. Conclusion: All kind of pedicle screws can be attempted to be inserted just after preparation of the insertion point with an awl or just decortication of the entrance point with a rongeur. This can also reduce the pilot hole preparation technique related complications like perforation of the pedicle walls.

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Tribulato, A., and F. Branca. "SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS FROM FLOWER PEDICELS OF ORIENTAL LILIES." Acta Horticulturae, no. 900 (July 2011): 369–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2011.900.46.

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38

Lang, A. "Vascular Development and Sap Flow in Apple Pedicels." Annals of Botany 74, no. 4 (October 1994): 381–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/anbo.1994.1131.

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39

AMAYA–MÁRQUEZ, MARISOL, LAURA CLAVIJO, and OSCAR HUMBERTO MARÍN–GÓMEZ. "Columnea longipedicellata, a new species of Gesneriaceae from Colombia." Phytotaxa 217, no. 3 (June 25, 2015): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.217.3.4.

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Columnea longipedicellata, a new species from Antioquia and Chocó Departments in Colombia (Cordillera Occidental) is described and illustrated. The new species is distinguished by the presence of elongate pedicels and leaves uniformly green abaxially.

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40

Flinn, Cindy L., and Edward N. Ashworth. "Seasonal Changes in Ice Distribution and Xylem Development in Blueberry Flower Buds." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 119, no. 6 (November 1994): 1176–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.119.6.1176.

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The location of ice crystals and their relationship to xylem vessels was studied in nonacclimated and acclimated `Berkeley' blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) flower buds. Light microscopy and low-temperature scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to detect ice crystals in the bud scales, floret scales, and bracts of dormant flower buds that had been frozen to -15C. No evidence of ice formation was observed in rachises, pedicels, and organs in florets when buds that had been fixed while frozen at -5C were examined with conventional SEM. This indicated that dormant buds underwent extraorgan freezing as a survival mechanism. Ice formation was not uniform in nonacclimated or deacclimated buds, although it was more prevalent in both than in acclimated buds. Large ice crystals were found in the ovaries of freeze-stressed nonacclimated buds. In deacclimated freeze-stressed buds, ice was found in the petals, rachises, pedicels, and ovaries. To determine whether this ice distribution pattern was correlated with the presence of mature xylem vessels, cleared flower buds were stained with basic fuchsin, which revealed the intact network of lignified elements. In nonacclimated buds (20 Sept.), mature xylem vessels extended through the rachises, connecting the bud scales with the floret scales and through the pedicels into the corollas of the florets. Although vascular development occurred in dormant buds, the greatest proliferation of vessels in the ovaries, petals, and sepals occurred coincident to the appearance of ice in these organs and the loss of hardiness.

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41

Rodríguez-Polanco, Eleonora, Juan G. Morales, Melissa Muñoz-Agudelo, José D. Segura, and Martha L. Carrero. "Morphological, molecular and pathogenic characterization of Phytophthora palmivora isolates causing black pod rot of cacao in Colombia." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 18, no. 2 (June 3, 2020): e1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2020182-15147.

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Aim of study: To characterize isolates of Phytophthora sp. causing black pod rot (BPR) of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.).Area of study: Eight cocoa-growing regions in Colombia.Material and methods: Sixty isolates of Phytophthora sp. were obtained from tissues of cacao pods showing symptoms of BPR. Isolates were characterized using the morphology of sporangia and chlamydospores, molecular sequencing of regions of nuclear DNA (rDNA-ITS) and mitochondrial (COX) and virulence in different genotypes of cocoa pods.Main results: A high phenotypic variability between the isolates was determined, being the pedicel length and the length/width ratio (L/W) the most stable characters for species identification. Short pedicels with an average of 3.13 μm ± 0.28 and a length/width ratio of sporangia (L/W) with an average of 1.55 μm ± 0.11 were established as the most consistent morphological characteristics within palmivora species.Research highlights: Phytophthora pamivora was the only species associated to BPR, identified using morphology together with sequence analyses.

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42

Wang, Xiao-Shuang, Ali Shaukat, Yun Han, Bo Yang, Liang-De Tang, and Jian-Hui Wu. "Morphology and Distribution of the Antennal Sensilla of Two Species, Megalurothrips usitatus and Thrips palmi (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)." Insects 10, no. 8 (August 15, 2019): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10080251.

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The morphology and distribution of the antennal sensilla of Megalurothrips usitatus Bagnall and Thrips palmi Karny were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These are serious pests of various economically important crops, and their antennae are important in chemical communication. The antennae of both species consist of a scape, pedicel, and flagellum, but the flagellum of M. usitatus is made up of six sub-segments, whereas that of T. palmi consists of five sub-segments. Seven morphological sensilla types, including Böhm bristle (BB), sensilla campaniformia (Sca), three types of sensilla basiconica (Sb1, Sb2 and Sb3), two types of sensilla chaetica (Sch1 and Sch2), sensilla styloconica (Sst), sensilla trichodea (St), and sensilla cavity (Scav), were recorded in both species. The scape and pedicels exhibited Sch1, BB and Sca. The flagellum exhibited two types of Sch, three types of Sb, St, Sst and Scav. Based on these results, the putative function of the sensilla of M. usitatus and T. palmi are also discussed.

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Macfarlane, Terry D., and John G. Conran. "Lomandra marginata (Asparagaceae), a shy-flowering new species from south-western Australia." Australian Systematic Botany 27, no. 6 (2014): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb14045.

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Lomandra marginata T.D.Macfarl. & Conran is described as a new species and illustrated by photographs and a distribution map. Recognised initially from vegetative plants during a biological survey at Lochada Station, it was realised subsequently that the species is widespread from Geraldton to Corrigin. However, it apparently flowers only occasionally under favourable conditions, so earlier collections were mostly vegetative. Lomandra marginata is placed in L. series Sparsiflorae on the basis of possessing a narrow floral bract that does not encircle the pedicel and a bracteole, when present, offset rather than opposite the bract. It has distinctive membranous leaf margins resembling those of the related genus Chamaexeros and the longest pedicels in the genus, mostly 10–16mm long, on which are borne white flowers resembling those of L. effusa (Lindl.) Ewart. Although L. effusa is the most similar species in flower and inflorescence and is also a member of L. series Sparsiflorae, it differs vegetatively by having distinctly two-toothed leaf tips.

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Cho, Seong-Hyun, Jung-Hoon Lee, Hyosig Won, Chhang Phourin, and Young-Dong Kim. "Sonerila bokorense (Melastomataceae), a new species from Cambodia." Phytotaxa 222, no. 4 (August 21, 2015): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.222.4.8.

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Sonerila bokorense, a new species of Melastomataceae from Cambodia, is described and illustrated. The new species is similar to S. calophylla, but it is distinguished by having aggregated tubercles, narrower leaves, and glandular trichomes on the pedicels, hypanthium, mid-veins of abaxial petals, and capsules.

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Knoche, Moritz, Thomas O. Athoo, Andreas Winkler, and Martin Brüggenwirth. "Postharvest osmotic dehydration of pedicels of sweet cherry fruit." Postharvest Biology and Technology 108 (October 2015): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2015.05.014.

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Huang, Chieh Li, and Hiroshi Okubo. "In Vitro Morphogenesis from Pedicels of Hippeastrum x hybridum." Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University 50, no. 1 (February 1, 2005): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5109/4618.

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Sebola, R. J., and K. Balkwill. "Reappraisal and identification of Olinia rochetiana (Oliniaceae) in South Africa." Bothalia 36, no. 1 (August 20, 2006): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v36i1.348.

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A numerical phenetic analysis of data obtained from populations of the Olinia rochetiana A.Juss. complex occurring in South Africa (Mpumalanga and Limpopo Provinces) revealed the existence of two forms: 1, a shrubby form (up to 2.5 m tall), with thick terminal branches, coriaceous leaves with a tinge of red on margins (towards the apices),short inflorescence axes, peduncles and deeply red pedicels and floral tubes/hypanthia: and 2, a slender tree form, measuring more than 4 m tall with slender terminal branches, glossy and slightly thin, papery leaves, margin colour the same as the entire lamina, and the inflorescence axes, peduncles, pedicels and hypanthia pale green to creamy white. Differences in floral features between the twoforms correlate with differences observed in vegetative features. The two forms occupy distinct ecological niches and show tolerances and preferences for different environmental conditions such as soil type,elevation and humidity. An identificationkey for the two forms is presented.

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LI, XIAN-YUAN, SI-YUAN ZENG, and JIE YU. "Ligustrum fengjieense (Oleaceae), a new species from eastern Chongqing, China." Phytotaxa 494, no. 3 (April 7, 2021): 297–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.494.3.5.

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Ligustrum fengjieense (Oleaceae), a new species from Fengjie County, Chongqing, China, is described and illustrated. It is morphologically similar to L. pricei and L. expansum, but it can be distinguished by its extremely long pedicels and purple anthers. Color photographs, conservation assessments and taxonomical notes are provided.

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Bunger, Mariana De Oliveira, João Renato Stehmann, and Marcos Sobral. "Two new Atlantic Forest Myrtaceae from Brazil." Phytotaxa 147, no. 2 (November 26, 2013): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.147.2.3.

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Two new Brazilian species of Eugenia are described and illustrated, Eugenia regia and E. espinhacensis. Eugenia regia, collected in coastal Atlantic rainforests in the southeastern states of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, is related to E. bunchosiifolia, from which it differs by its larger leaves, flowers and trichomes. Eugenia espinhacensis was collected in seasonal Atlantic forests of the state of Minas Gerais; it is similar to E. bocainensis, from wich can be distinguished by its obtuse sepals and pilose branches, pedicels and flowers. São descritas e ilustradas duas novas espécies de Eugenia: Eugenia regia e E. espinhacensis. A primeira encontrada nas matas ombrófilas costeiras do litoral norte de São Paulo e sul do Rio de Janeiro tem sido frequentemente e erroneamente nomeada sob E. bunchosiifolia, da qual difere-se pelo discrepante tamanho das folhas, flores e pilosidade. E. espinhacensis é uma espécie ocorrente nas matas semidecíduas do Quadrilátero Ferrífero, em Minas Gerais, numa região altamente explorada pela extração de minério de ferro. Esta assemelha-se a E. bocainensis, porém difere-se pelas sépalas obtusas e pilosidade dos pedicelos, sépalas e ramos.

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Zhang, Rui-Li, Shu Li, Stephen Maciejewski, and Yi-Gang Wei. "Petrocodon rubiginosus, a new species of Gesneriaceae from Guangxi, China." PhytoKeys 666 (March 18, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys..32270.

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Petrocodon rubiginosus, a new species from Guangxi of South China is described and illustrated with photographs. The new species is morphologically similar to Pet. hechiensis, but can be easily distinguished by a combination of characters, especially in its petioles, peduncles and pedicels covered with densely ferruginous pilose hairs.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Pedicels'

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