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Journal articles on the topic 'Pediatric sleep'

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Pediatric sleep.

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

VENTIS, DEBORAH G., and DEBORAH FOSS-GOODMAN. "Overinterpreting Sleep Problems." Pediatrics 78, no. 3 (September 1, 1986): 548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.78.3.548a.

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To the Editor.— We write in regard to the article, "Sleep Problems Seen in Pediatric Practice," by Lozoff et al (Pediatrics 1985; 75:477-483). Overinterpretation of problems that may be typical of development in young children is a pitfall in developmental-behavioral pediatrics which can be the result, in part, of methodologic and statistical inadequacies. Two of the most serious problems that may occur are use of designs that do not provide a direct test of the theoretical question(s) posed and speculation about causality where causal ordering cannot be determined.

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2

Carbone, Tracy. "Pediatric Sleep Medicine." Pediatric Annals 46, no. 9 (September 1, 2017): e319-e320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/19382359-20170815-04.

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3

Ievers-Landis, Carolyn E., and Susan Redline. "Pediatric Sleep Apnea." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 175, no. 5 (March 2007): 436–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200606-790pp.

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4

Brooks, L. J. "Pediatric Sleep Medicine." Neurology 43, no. 5 (May 1, 1993): 1062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.43.5.1062-a.

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5

Maski, Kiran, and Judith Owens. "Pediatric Sleep Disorders." CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology 24, no. 1 (February 2018): 210–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/con.0000000000000566.

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6

Tan, Hui-Leng, and Maria Villa. "Pediatric Sleep Medicine." Journal of Pediatric Biochemistry 06, no. 04 (May 19, 2017): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1603323.

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7

Capp, Philip K., Phillip L. Pearl, and Daniel Lewin. "Pediatric Sleep Disorders." Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice 32, no. 2 (June 2005): 549–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pop.2005.02.005.

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8

Bhattacharjee, Rakesh, and David Gozal. "Pediatric Sleep Apnea." Chest 139, no. 5 (May 2011): 977–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.10-2803.

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9

Durmer, Jeffrey S., and Ronald D. Chervin. "PEDIATRIC SLEEP MEDICINE." CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology 13 (June 2007): 153–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/01.con.0000275610.56077.ee.

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10

Carpenter, Johanna. "Pediatric Sleep Problems." Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics 38, no. 1 (January 2017): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/dbp.0000000000000332.

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11

Pelayo, Rafael, and Kin Yuen. "Pediatric Sleep Pharmacology." Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America 21, no. 4 (October 2012): 861–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2012.08.001.

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12

Sukumaran, T. U. "Pediatric sleep project." Indian Pediatrics 48, no. 11 (November 2011): 843–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13312-011-0135-5.

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13

Radtke, Rodney. "Pediatric Sleep Pearls." Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology 37, no. 6 (November 2020): 606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/wnp.0000000000000587.

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14

Resnick, Cory M. "Pediatric Sleep Surgery." Atlas of the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics 27, no. 1 (March 2019): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cxom.2018.11.001.

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15

Pelayo, Rafael, and Michael Dubik. "Pediatric Sleep Pharmacology." Seminars in Pediatric Neurology 15, no. 2 (June 2008): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spen.2008.03.004.

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16

Stores, G. "Pediatric Sleep Medicine." Archives of Disease in Childhood 71, no. 5 (November 1, 1994): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.71.5.483.

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17

Chervin, Ronald D., Robert A. Weatherly, Susan L. Garetz, Deborah L. Ruzicka, Bruno J. Giordani, Elise K. Hodges, James E. Dillon, and Kenneth E. Guire. "Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire." Archives of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery 133, no. 3 (March 1, 2007): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archotol.133.3.216.

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18

Zafar, Abu-Bakar, Jayne Ness, Sarah Dowdy, Kristin Avis, and Khurram Bashir. "Examining sleep, fatigue, and daytime sleepiness in pediatric multiple sclerosis patients." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 18, no. 4 (September 30, 2011): 481–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458511424307.

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Background: About 2–5% of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience their first symptoms before age 18. Sleep disorders occur frequently in MS. The prevalence of sleep problems and their impact on fatigue and daytime sleepiness in pediatric MS is unknown. Objective: To determine whether pediatric MS patients have more sleep disturbances, fatigue, and daytime sleepiness compared with an age-, sex-, and race-matched control group. Methods: Patients and age-, sex-, and race-matched controls were surveyed to quantify daytime sleepiness via the modified Epworth Sleepiness Scale, sleep quality and hygiene through the Adolescent Sleep Wake and Hygiene Scale, respectively, and fatigue using the PediatricQL Multidimensional Fatigue Scale. Results: Pediatric MS patients ( n = 30) and age-, sex-, and race-matched controls ( n = 52) had similar levels of fatigue; however, when compared with previously published historical controls, both groups reported worse fatigue across all dimensions ( p < 0.05). Pediatric MS patients also had similar sleep quality compared with the matched controls, but reported better sleep hygiene on the ‘sleep stability’ dimension ( p < 0.05). In addition, pediatric MS patients had less daytime sleepiness than the matched controls ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: Although patients with MS reported similar levels of fatigue, they have better sleep hygiene, which could possibly account for the decreased amount of excessive daytime sleepiness. Also, when compared with historical controls, the MS and control samples reported more fatigue. Thus, caution must be taken when using published control data, especially when not properly matched.

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19

Kadmon, Gili, Sharon A. Chung, and Colin M. Shapiro. "I’M SLEEPY: A short pediatric sleep apnea questionnaire." International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 78, no. 12 (December 2014): 2116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2014.09.018.

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20

Mason, Thornton B. A., and Allan I. Pack. "Pediatric Parasomnias." Sleep 30, no. 2 (February 2007): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/30.2.141.

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21

Maddern, Bruce R. "Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 112, no. 5 (May 1995): P98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0194-5998(05)80236-0.

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Educational objectives: To understand the pathophysiology and different etiologies of pediatric OSAS and then make useful treatment decisions; to recognize the utility and indications of polysomnography and the clinical and therapeutic differences between adult and pediatric cases.

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22

Tah, Sumeer, Meet Modi, Christine Brennan, Pooja Rangan, Walter Castro, Joyce Lee-Iannotti, Anas Rihawi, and Kirstin Knobbe. "0542 Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Poor Appetite." Sleep 45, Supplement_1 (May 25, 2022): A238—A239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsac079.539.

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Abstract Introduction Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) has many impacts on homeostasis. In pediatrics, there have been links observed between health problems and OSA including failure to thrive, obesity, and behavioral disorders. Existing literature evaluates the links between excess weight, obesity, and OSA. However, there is a lack of research exploring the association between OSA and reduced appetite as a contributor to failure to thrive in the pediatric population. In this study, we hypothesized there is a positive correlation between OSA severity and the presence of poor appetite. Methods We analyzed data retrospectively through medical records of 155 pediatric patients (age < 18 years old) who were diagnosed with OSA by pediatric criteria via polysomnography from April through November 2021. Data was collected from a pre-completed questionnaire done by the guardian or child during the sleep study intake. Poor appetite symptoms were ranked on a Likert scale of occurring “never”, “rarely”, “occasionally”, “frequently”, “regularly”, or “don’t know.” The presence of poor appetite symptoms was compared to the severity of pediatric OSA diagnosed during the sleep study. Pearson chi-squared test and Spearman’s correlation coefficient were calculated on the data sets. Results Of 155 patients, 33 (21.3%) were diagnosed with mild OSA, 70 (45.2%) with moderate OSA, and 52 (33.5%) with severe OSA based on pediatric criteria. A total of 53 patients reported poor appetite occasionally, frequently, or regularly. 29.4% of patients with mild OSA reported poor appetite, along with 45.7% of patients with moderate OSA, and 21.2% of patients with severe OSA. Of all patients who reported poor appetite, 60.3% had moderate OSA. However, there was a non-statistically significant correlation between apnea hypopnea index (AHI) and the presence of poor appetite symptoms, Spearman's correlation coefficient of -0.1044 (p-value 0.1960). Conclusion Overall our data did not show a significant correlation between OSA severity and poor appetite symptoms. There was an association between poor appetite and moderate OSA, however this data is limited by selection bias as 45.2% of patients were categorized as moderate OSA. Further studies are needed, including analyses with similar size populations of each OSA severity category. Support (If Any)

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23

Pandey, Abha, and Ganpathy Shridhar. "Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea." International Journal of Head and Neck Surgery 10, no. 2 (2019): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1370.

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24

Dinner, D. S. "Sleep and pediatric epilepsy." Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine 56, Supplement (January 1, 1989): S—234—S—239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.56.s1.234.

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25

Krishna, Jyoti, and David Gozal. "Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea." Indian Journal of Sleep Medicine 1, no. 3 (2006): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/ijsm-1-3-131.

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26

Ngai, Pakkay, and Michael Chee. "Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea." Pediatric Clinics of North America 69, no. 2 (April 2022): 261–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pcl.2021.12.001.

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27

Garg, Ravi K., Ahmed M. Afifi, Catharine B. Garland, Ruston Sanchez, and Delora L. Mount. "Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 140, no. 5 (November 2017): 987–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/prs.0000000000003752.

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28

Ehsan, Zarmina, and Stacey L. Ishman. "Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea." Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America 49, no. 6 (December 2016): 1449–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otc.2016.07.001.

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29

Jensen, William J. "Pediatric Sleep-Disordered Breathing." Physician Assistant Clinics 3, no. 2 (April 2018): 193–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpha.2017.12.005.

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30

Paruthi, Shalini. "Telemedicine in Pediatric Sleep." Sleep Medicine Clinics 15, no. 3 (September 2020): e1-e7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsmc.2020.07.003.

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31

Kotagal, Suresh, and Amit Chopra. "Pediatric Sleep-Wake Disorders." Neurologic Clinics 30, no. 4 (November 2012): 1193–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ncl.2012.08.005.

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32

Schwengel, Deborah A., Nicholas M. Dalesio, and Tracey L. Stierer. "Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea." Anesthesiology Clinics 32, no. 1 (March 2014): 237–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anclin.2013.10.012.

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33

Weiss, Miriam, and Judith Owens. "Recognizing pediatric sleep apnea." Nurse Practitioner 39, no. 8 (August 2014): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.npr.0000451859.08918.70.

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34

McGrath, Brian, and Jerrold Lerman. "Pediatric sleep-disordered breathing." Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology 30, no. 3 (June 2017): 357–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aco.0000000000000458.

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35

Chhangani, Bantu S., Thomas Melgar, and Dilip Patel. "Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea." Indian Journal of Pediatrics 77, no. 1 (November 20, 2009): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12098-009-0266-z.

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36

Rodriguez, Alcibiades J. "Pediatric sleep and epilepsy." Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports 7, no. 4 (July 2007): 342–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11910-007-0052-0.

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37

HARLEY, E. H. "Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Disorders." Archives of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 117, no. 6 (June 1, 1991): 589. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archotol.1991.01870180019002.

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38

Rabner, Jonathan, Karen J. Kaczynski, Laura E. Simons, and Alyssa A. Lebel. "The Sleep Hygiene Inventory for Pediatrics: Development and Validation of a New Measure of Sleep in a Sample of Children and Adolescents With Chronic Headache." Journal of Child Neurology 32, no. 13 (August 30, 2017): 1040–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0883073817726679.

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Sleep plays a pivotal role in children and adolescents with headache. Although several sleep measures exist, no developed measures target the sleep issues common in pediatric patients with headache. The Sleep Hygiene Inventory for Pediatrics (SHIP) was developed for clinical purposes to fulfill this need. The aim of this study was to validate the SHIP for potential research applications in a sample of 1078 children and adolescents (7-17 years) with a primary headache diagnosis. Measure validation included assessments of internal consistency, construct validity, and criterion validity. The SHIP demonstrated strong internal consistency (Cronbach α = 0.84). The SHIP differentiated well between participants for whom sleep was and was not a clinical concern ( P < .001; d =1.65), and was positively correlated with anxiety, depression, and disability. These analyses suggest that the SHIP is a psychometrically strong and valid assessment of sleep habits in pediatric patients with headache.

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39

Carpenter, Mary Katherine, Linda Sue Hammonds, and Carlie Frederick. "A Quality Improvement Project: Improving Sleep Quality and Duration Among Pediatric Mental Health Patients." Creative Nursing 27, no. 3 (August 1, 2021): 216–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/crnr-d-19-00071.

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This article is a report of a project to improve the quality and duration of sleep among patients ages 3–17 years in an outpatient mental health clinic. The Pediatric Insomnia Severity Index (PISI) (now the Behavioral Sleep Medicine Clinic Sleep Questionnaire) was administered at baseline. Patients and parents were provided with education about the American Academy of Pediatrics sleep tips. Compliance with the sleep tips was tracked using an electronic health record (EHR) checklist. The PISI was administered again after the interventions and showed overall improvement in sleep quality and duration. Some patients experienced no change or a decline in sleep quality or duration and some had an increase in daytime somnolence.

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40

Fernandez, Chris, Sam Rusk, Nick Glattard, Yoav Nygate, Fred Turkington, and Nathaniel Watson. "406 Clinical Validation of AI Scoring in Adult and Pediatric Clinical PSG Samples Compared to Prospective, Double-Blind Scoring Panel." Sleep 44, Supplement_2 (May 1, 2021): A161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab072.405.

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Abstract Introduction Despite an appreciable rise in sleep wellness and sleep medicine A.I. research publications, public data corpuses, institutional support, and health A.I. research funding opportunities, the availability of controlled-retrospective, hybrid-retrospective-prospective, and prospective-RCT quality clinical validation study evidence is limited with respect to their potential clinical impact. Furthermore, only a few practical examples of A.I. technologies are validated, in use today clinically, and widely adopted, to assist in sleep diagnoses and treatment. In this study, we contribute to this growing body of clinical A.I. validation evidence and experimental design methodologies with an interoperable A.I. scoring engine in Adult and Pediatric populations. Methods Stratified random sampling with proportionate allocation was applied to a database of N>10,000 retrospective diagnostic clinical polysomnography (PSG), selected by evidence grading standards, with controls applied for OSA severity, diagnoses; sleep, psychiatric, neurologic, neurodevelopmental, cardiac, pulmonary, metabolic disorders, medications; benzodiazepines, antidepressants, stimulants, opiates, sleep aids, demographic groups of interest; sex, adult age, pediatric age, BMI, weight, height, and patient-reported sleepiness, to establish representative N=100 Adult and N=100 Pediatric samples. Double Blinded scoring was prospectively collected for each sample by 3 experienced RPSGT certified sleep technologists randomized from a pool of 9 scorers. Sensitivity (PA), Specificity (NA), Accuracy (OA), Kappa (K), and 95% Bootstrap CI’s are presented for sleep stages, OSA/CSA, hypopnea 3%/4%, arousals, limb movements, Cheyenne-Stokes respiration, periodic breathing, atrial fibrillation, and other events, and normative, mild, moderate, and severe OSA categories for global-AHI and REM-AHI. Results for Sleep Staging and OSA Severity Diagnostic Accuracy are summarized. Results A.I. scoring performance meet but in most cases exceeded initial clinical validation study (N=72 Adults, 2017) PA, NA, OA, K point-estimates and confidence-interval results for the 26 event types and 8 AHI-categories evaluated. The Adult sample showed 87%/94% Sensitivity/Specificity across all stages (Wake/N1/N2/N3/REM) and 94%/96% Sensitivity/Specificity for AHI>=15. The Pediatric sample showed 87%/93% Sensitivity/Specificity staging, 89%/98% Sensitivity/Specificity AHI>=15. Observed Accuracy was >90% for Adults and Pediatrics all 26 events and 7 AHI-categories analyzed, except REM-AHI>=5 (85%/82% Adults/Pediatrics). Conclusion We provide clinical validation evidence that demonstrates interoperable A.I. scoring performance in representative Adult and Pediatric patient clinical PSG samples when compared to prospective, double-blind scoring panel. Support (if any):

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41

Maski, K. P., A. Colclasure, E. Little, E. Steinhart, T. Scammell, W. Navidi, and C. Diniz Behn. "0951 Sleep Stabilization Patterns Define Pediatric CNS Hypersomnia Conditions." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (April 2020): A361—A362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.947.

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Abstract Introduction Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is caused by loss of hypocretins, neuropeptides that promote consolidated nocturnal sleep and sustain daytime wakefulness. In mouse models of NT1, sleep in the light period is characterized by more brief wake bouts, fewer long wake bouts, and longer REM sleep bouts. It is unknown if this sleep pattern is present in NT1 patients and whether it can distinguish NT1 sleep from other CNS hypersomnia conditions [narcolepsy type 2 (NT2) and idiopathic hypersomnia (IH)]. Methods Participants (6-18 years of age, drug -naïve or drug free) had diagnostic PSG/MSLT testing at Boston Children’s Hospital between 2009-2018. PSG records were rescored blinded to diagnosis. We calculated Kaplan Meier survival curves for nocturnal wake and sleep stages extracted from the nocturnal PSGs. To adjust for differences in survival related to age, sex, and race, we used Cox proportional hazards models. In total, we performed survival analysis and compared wake/sleep stages for 4 groups: NT1 (n=46), NT2 (n=12), IH (n=18) and subjective sleepy controls (n=48). Results NT1 patients had worse survival of wake bouts compared to controls (p<0.001). In addition, NT1 patients had decreased survival of both NREM 2 and REM sleep bouts compared to all groups (all p<0.001), and, the survival of REM sleep bouts decreased with age (p=0.006). Compared to controls, NREM 2 bouts survived longer in IH patients and whereas NREM 1 bouts survived longer in the NT2 group (p’s<0.006). There were no group effects for NREM 3, but survival of NREM 3 was less in the older IH patients compared to older controls (p<0.02). Conclusion Pediatric NT1 patients have unique sleep fragmentation characterized by unstable wake, NREM 2 and REM bouts. Though less severe as NT1, NT2 patients sustain lighter sleep. In contrast, IH patients show overly stable NREM stage 2 sleep and plausibly this contributes to their characteristic sleep inertia. Further research is needed to determine if sleep stability patterns can be used to diagnose CNS hypersomnia conditions and differentiate treatment responsiveness. Support K23 National Institutes of Health (NINDS, K23 NS104267-01A1) and Investigator Initiated Research grants from Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Dr. Maski)

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42

Maski, K. P., F. Pizza, A. Colclasure, E. Steinhart, E. Little, C. Diniz Behn, S. Vandi, E. Antelmi, G. Plazzi, and T. Scammell. "0941 Defining Disrupted Nighttime Sleep in Pediatric Narcolepsy." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (April 2020): A357—A358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.937.

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Abstract Introduction Disrupted nighttime sleep (DNS) is a core narcolepsy symptom subjectively described as spontaneous awakenings during the night, but researchers use varied polysomnogram (PSG) definitions based on sleep state transitions, NREM 1% and poor sleep efficiency. These sleep measures have yet to be validated to determine the best objective measure of DNS. Furthermore, it unknown to what extent DNS occurs in pediatric narcolepsy as children have greater sleep drive than adults. Here, we assess the construct validity of various DNS objective measures and evaluate its diagnostic utility for pediatric Narcolepsy Type 1 (NT1) when combined with a nocturnal Sleep Onset REM period (nSOREMP) in a large cohort of pediatric patients with CNS hypersomnias. Methods Retrospective, cross-sectional study of consecutive PSGs and multiple sleep latency tests (MSLTs) obtained at Boston Children’s Hospital and University of Bologna. Participants were drug-free or drug naïve, ages 6-18 years and slept at least 6 hours during the PSG. We analyzed associations between objective DNS measures and outcomes of self-reported sleep disturbance, Epworth Sleepiness Score, mean sleep latency, NT1 diagnosis, and CSF hypocretin values when available. We then combined the best performing DNS measure with the presence of a nSOREMP to determine the diagnostic value for NT1 using bootstrap analysis. We included n=151 NT1, n=21 narcolepsy type 2 (NT2), n=27 idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) and n= 117 subjectively sleepy controls in this analysis. Results Across groups, the Wake and NREM 1 bouts index had the most robust associations with objective sleepiness, subjective sleep disturbance and CSF hypocretin levels (p’s <0.0001). From 1000 bootstrap samples, the Wake/N1 index and presence of a nSOREMP have greater diagnostic accuracy for NT1 than the nSOREMP alone (p<0.0001). Conclusion Among a variety of sleep quality measures, we find that a Wake and NREM 1 bout index is the best objective measure of DNS. In combination with a nSOREMP, this DNS measure can aid in pediatric NT1 diagnosis using PSG alone and potentially reduce diagnostic delays. Support This study was supported by K23 National Institutes of Health (NINDS, K23 NS104267-01A1) grant and Investigator Initiated Research grant from Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Inc. to Dr. Maski

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43

Mouthon, Anne-Laure, and Reto Huber. "Methods in Pediatric Sleep Research and Sleep Medicine." Neuropediatrics 46, no. 03 (May 11, 2015): 159–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1550232.

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44

Lin, Aaron C., and Peter J. Koltai. "Sleep Endoscopy in the Evaluation of Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea." International Journal of Pediatrics 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/576719.

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Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is not always resolved or improved with adenotonsillectomy. Persistent or complex cases of pediatric OSA may be due to sites of obstruction in the airway other than the tonsils and adenoids. Identifying these areas in the past has been problematic, and therefore, therapy for OSA in children who have failed adenotonsillectomy has often been unsatisfactory. Sleep endoscopy is a technique that can enable the surgeon to determine the level of obstruction in a sleeping child with OSA. With this knowledge, site-specific surgical therapy for persistent and complex pediatric OSA may be possible.

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45

Yang, Yeonmi. "Sleep Disordered Breathing in Children." JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN ACADEMY OF PEDTATRIC DENTISTRY 49, no. 4 (November 30, 2022): 357–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5933/jkapd.2022.49.4.357.

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Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is a disease characterized by repeated hypopnea and apnea during sleep due to complete or partial obstruction of upper airway. The prevalence of pediatric SDB is approximately 12 - 15%, and the most common age group is preschool children aged 3 - 5 years. Children show more varied presentations, from snoring and frequent arousals to enuresis and hyperactivity. The main cause of pediatric SDB is obstruction of the upper airway related to enlarged tonsils and adenoids. If SDB is left untreated, it can cause complications such as learning difficulties, cognitive impairment, behavioral problems, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and poor growth. Pediatric dentists are in a special position to identify children at risk for SDB. Pediatric dentists recognize clinical features related to SDB, and they should screen for SDB by using the pediatric sleep questionnaire (PSQ), lateral cephalometry radiograph, and portable sleep monitoring test and refer to sleep specialists. As a therapeutic approach, maxillary arch expansion treatment, mandible advancement device, and lingual frenectomy can be performed. Pediatric dentists should recognize that prolonged mouth breathing, lower tongue posture, and ankyloglossia can cause abnormal facial skeletal growth patterns and sleep problems. Pediatric dentists should be able to prevent these problems through early intervention.

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46

Byars, Kelly C., and Stacey L. Simon. "American Academy of Pediatrics 2016 Safe Sleep Practices: Implications for Pediatric Behavioral Sleep Medicine." Behavioral Sleep Medicine 15, no. 3 (February 28, 2017): 175–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15402002.2017.1292726.

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47

Benoit, K. M., E. Harkins, S. Olsen, L. Sterni, and A. R. Wolfson. "0944 Shhh! Initiative: Sleep Health Practices In Pediatric Hospitals." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (April 2020): A358—A359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.940.

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Abstract Introduction Hospitalizations often result in significant sleep disruption, despite the importance of sleep in healing (Cmiel, et al., 2004). Research-to-date has focused primarily on adult intensive care (ICU) with minimal focus on pediatric patients. The aim of this study was to assess pediatric inpatient healthcare providers’ understanding of and attitudes towards sleep in the hospital environment with the goal of developing a sleep health educational intervention as well as modifications to standards of care that unnecessarily interrupt sleep of pediatric inpatients. Methods An online survey was administered to pediatric inpatient staff (nurses, physicians, residents) at a Mid-Atlantic children’s hospital focused on assessing their understanding of sleep in the context of inpatient care (N = 316). Respondents were 30-50 years old (54%), primarily identified as female (88%), and most (60%) reported being in a nursing position. Results Quantitative findings (N = 316) revealed that 65% reported patients were sometimes, rarely, or never allowed to sleep without being awakened from administration of non-critical medications. A majority (63.8%) reported that sometimes, rarely, or never do they consider interruption of sleep in decisions on when to give medications, while 54.9% reported the quantity and quality of sleep is rarely/never considered in a patient’s treatment. Qualitative responses (N = 248) confirmed these findings with 34.3% reporting that they considered re-scheduling medications to minimize sleep interruptions. Despite this finding, only 15.7% reported they would assess or give attention to sleep in the context of patient recovery and treatment. Conclusion Pediatric healthcare providers are aware of the importance of sleep for their patients; however, they are not prioritizing sleep as a part of treatment in their behaviors and decisions. Next steps include developing and implementing an intervention for pediatric healthcare providers to follow through on limiting sleep interruptions as well as focusing on sleep in the treatment process. Support N/A

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Krishna, Jyoti, and Gregory J. Omlor. "Setting Up a Pediatric Sleep Lab." Journal of Child Science 09, no. 01 (January 2019): e30-e37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1675608.

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Obstructive sleep apnea occurs in a significant proportion of children and adolescents and requires a sleep study to diagnose the condition. However, there are relatively few sleep laboratories that serve this population. Consequently, this means sleep studies are not done in a timely manner, and many of these patients do not get studies performed when indicated. Building new pediatric-focused sleep laboratories or expanding service in an adult-focused laboratory to children can help overcome this barrier.The decision to build or modify an existing sleep laboratory for children brings many considerations that are different than for adults. The location of the laboratory is partially determined by the need for the presence of a sleep technologist. Whether they are done in the community or a hospital will be affected by the patient's medical complexity. The design of the sleep laboratory can also be influenced by the presence of children. All children, under 18 years of age, will require a parent to sleep in the room with them. Safety will also be impacted. For example, electric outlets need to be protected, furniture should be child safe, and transportation to emergency facilities must be managed. In addition, service to children also raises technical issues. They require different types of leads and smaller equipment and the software must meet required pediatric specifications. The staff must understand pediatric developmental, social, and medical needs. It is also critical that they have a desire to work with children.This article is written to assist the reader in building a sleep laboratory with the pediatric patient in mind.

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Koo, Soo Kweon. "Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome." Journal of Clinical Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 16, no. 2 (November 2005): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.35420/jcohns.2005.16.2.207.

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Krishna, Jyoti, David Gozal, and Oscar Sans-Capdevila. "Monitoring Pediatric Sleep- Special Issues." Indian Journal of Sleep Medicine 2, no. 3 (2007): 80–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/ijsm-2-3-80.

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