Journal articles: 'Peasants Employment Sri Lanka'

1

Ayoob, Seeni Mohamed, and Mohamed Anifa Mohamed Fowsar. "Invasion of Paddy Combine Harvester (PCH) and Its Socioeconomic Impacts: A Study based on Ampara District, Sri Lanka." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 9, no. 5 (September 21, 2020): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2020-0092.

Full text

Abstract:

The term mechanisation of paddy agriculture denotes that mechanical power is used in agriculture instead of human and animal power, which is totally diminished today. Paddy agriculture plays an important role in the Sri Lankan economy where rice is the staple food of the country. Ampara district in Eastern Province of Sri Lanka contributes to the national food production by through paddy cultivation. In Ampara district, the tractor was used in paddy agriculture that required the need for human power previously. Nevertheless, the invasion of Paddy Combine Harvester (PCH) has demolished the tasks done by human power in the paddy agricultural sector now. Harvesting, threshing and cleaning were carried out in different stages of a long period with multiple groups of people by using human power in the past. Now it has changed, and Paddy combine Harvester (PCH) is used for all works of harvesting, threshing and cleaning within a short period at present. This study was conducted to emphasise the changes caused by the mechanisation in paddy agriculture and examine the changes among the Muslim society after the invasion of Paddy Combine Harvester (PCH) in the paddy agricultural sector. The decline in collective action and social solidarity among family members and society, loss of farming-related celebrations and ceremonies, the decline of the contribution of women in the agriculture and loss of job opportunities and income were found to be the negative impacts of the invasion of the paddy combine harvester. The decline in the disparities among landlords and peasants, changes in the food and dressing pattern, new employment opportunities and income generation, changes in the education sector, speedy harvesting in the rainy seasons and reduction in workload and less time consumption were found to be the positive impacts of the invasion of paddy combine harvester (PCH).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Perera, E. A. Y. D., and W. A. S. Weerakkody. "Determinants of Post-Retirement Employment in Sri Lanka." Kelaniya Journal of Management 7, no. 2 (January 31, 2019): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/kjm.v7i2.7576.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

SAMANTHA KUMARA, P. A. P. "UNDERGRADUATES' INTENTION TOWARDS ENTREPRENEURSHIP: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM SRI LANKA." Journal of Enterprising Culture 20, no. 01 (March 2012): 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495812500057.

Full text

Abstract:

This study attempted to examine entrepreneurial intention of Sri Lankan undergraduates. The undergraduates' entrepreneurial intention was examined with entrepreneurial belief and attitude towards self-employment. Accordingly, it was rationalized that entrepreneurial intention is influenced by entrepreneurial belief and attitude towards self employment. Gender impacts on these three aspects were also examined. The study sample consisted of 149 management undergraduates of one of the leading universities in Sri Lanka and data were collected through the administration of a formal questionnaire. The results revealed that undergraduates' entrepreneurial belief, attitude towards self-employment and entrepreneurial intention were moderately positive; there were statistically significant positive modest correlation between entrepreneurial belief and entrepreneurial intention, and between attitude towards self-employment and entrepreneurial intention. Moreover, there was no significant impact of gender on entrepreneurial belief and attitude towards self-employment. However, it was found that there existed significant difference between male and female undergraduates in terms of their entrepreneurial intention.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Mustafa, AMM. "A Study of Impact of Tourism Direct Employment Trends on Tourism Arrivals: An Empirical Analysis of Sri Lankan Context." Journal of Politics and Law 12, no. 3 (August 7, 2019): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jpl.v12n3p62.

Full text

Abstract:

Sri Lanka is one of the major tourist attraction destinations in South Asian region. After the economic reforms in 1977, the successive governments implemented various attractive policies and programmes to promote tourism in pursuing economic growth and development. The government further employed a number of initiatives to encourage and attract tourism arrival in the country. In this backdrop, this study is to analyze the impacts of the tourism direct employment trend on tourism arrivals in Sri Lankan context by using the time series data from year 1978 to 2017. The dependent variable used in this study is tourism arrivals. The independent variables are tourism direct employment and tourism Earnings. The tools used to achieve the objective of this study are Correlation Analysis, Multiple Regression, and Residual test. In this study, it is found that the correlation relationship between the variables is very strong. tourism direct employment and Tourism Earnings are directly related with tourists’ arrivals. The data collected have analyzed by using the econometrics software EViews 10. Based on the result recommended that to increase the magnitude of the direction tourism arrival in Sri Lanka, the factors such tourism direct employment and tourism Earnings should play statistically significant roles. This significant role should be considered by the relent authorities in Sri Lanka.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Somasundaram, Daya. "Suicide Bombers of Sri Lanka." Asian Journal of Social Science 38, no. 3 (2010): 416–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853110x499954.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe phenomena of suicide bombers in Sri Lanka share some similarities with but also have some marked differences with what is seen in other parts of world today. Increasing discrimination, state humiliation and violence against the minority Tamils brought out a militancy and the phenomena of suicide bombers. The underlying socio-political and economical factors in the North and East of Sri Lanka that caused the militancy at the onset are examined. Some of these factors that were the cause of or consequent to the conflict include: extrajudicial killing of one or both parents or relations by the state; separations, destruction of home and belongings during the war; displacement; lack of adequate or nutritious food; ill health; economic difficulties; lack of access to education; not seeing any avenues for future employment and advancement; social and political oppression; and facing harassment, detention and death. At the same time, the Tamil militants have used various psychological methods to entice youth, children and women to join and become suicide bombers. Public displays of war paraphernalia, posters of fallen heroes, speeches and video, particularly in schools and community gatherings, heroic songs and stories, public funeral rites and annual remembrance ceremonies draw out feelings of patriotism and create a martyr cult. The religio-cultural context of the Tamils has provided meaning and symbols for the creation and maintenance of this cult, while the LTTE has provided the organisational capacity to train and indoctrinate a special elite as suicide bombers. Whether the crushing of the LTTE militarily by the state brings to an end the phenomena of suicide bombers or whether it will re-emerge in other forms if underlying grievances are not resolved remains to be seen.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Kharel, Khom Raj, and Yadav Mani Upadhyay. "Labour Migration and Economic Impact in Nepal and Sri Lanka." Management Dynamics 24, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/md.v24i2.50035.

Full text

Abstract:

Nepal and Sri Lanka are recognized as labour-exporting countries. The flow of labor migration in foreign labor markets has been increasing each year. Trends of foreign labor migration started to increase in both countries after 1990. Both countries are categorized under income group countries. Foreign employment has become one of the nation's main household income and foreign exchange earnings sources. After the 1990s, Remittance contributed to foreign exchange earnings and had a favourable impact on the balance of payments, solving unemployment problems, reducing poverty, and boosting economic growth. This study aims to examine the impact of foreign employment on Remittance and the economic growth of these economies. The impact of labor migration on macroeconomic variables (balance of payments, economic growth) has been measured using statistical tools such as correction and regression models from 1995-2019. The study finds that the flow of Remittance has increased and positively impacted macroeconomic variables in the study periods. The study shows that foreign employment has become the main destination for the youths of both countries. The results showed a positive relationship between foreign employment and Remittance and a positive impact on economic growth.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Fiaz, Kamran. "Situation Analysis of Nation Building Efforts in Sri Lanka: From Early Years of Independence to Contemporary Days." Forman Journal of Social Sciences 01, no. 01 (December 17, 2021): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32368/fjss.20210105.

Full text

Abstract:

Despite the smooth transition of power from the British colonists to the Sri Lankan Sinhalese in 1949, Sri Lanka inherited considerable challenges. There has been conflict between the Sinhalese and the Tamils post-independence which led to a long and brutal civil war from 1983 to 2009. After the culmination of the civil war, Sri Lanka confronted numerous obstacles in the reconstruction and rehabilitation of the country. Drawing from Birch’s model of national integration, this study attempts to examine the diverse political, economic, and social challenges facing Sri Lanka. The review shows that Sri Lanka needs critical nation building in the following areas: (i) Infrastructural development, (ii) Resettlements and rehabilitation of displaced populations (iii) Ethnic and religious integration, (iv) Equality in political representation, (v) Educational and employment policies, (vi) Gender equality policies, and (vii) mental health interventions for children and women. The role of international bodies, like the United Nations Human Rights Council, and neighboring countries is key to creating pressure for national integration and growth. There is fear that if national unity is not at the forefront of state and international policy for Sri Lanka, conflict and instability may arise again.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Guest, Ross, and Jay Bandaralage. "Can Sri Lanka Stay Ahead of India in the Face of Population Ageing?" Indian Economic Journal 67, no. 3-4 (December 2019): 350–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019466220956253.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper examines the potential for population ageing in Sri Lanka to allow India to close the gap in the living standards with Sri Lanka over the coming decades. The working-age population in Sri Lanka is currently about 7 per cent higher than in India, but it will be 8 per cent lower by 2050. The reason is that Sri Lanka’s demographic transition to lower fertility rates began earlier and has been steeper than in India. Potential demographic dividends from slowing employment growth and changing age distribution of the workforce are likely to further close the gap in living standards between the two countries. The calculations here suggest the gap could be closed by, between 16 and 25 per cent from 2015 to 2050 due to demographic change. In addition, despite its higher share of middle-aged workers, Sri Lanka has in recent times had a lower saving and investment share of GDP than India and a higher consumption share, which will also tend to allow India to close the gap. This paper attempts to quantify these demographic and macroeconomic effects, and considers policy options for Sri Lanka.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Štrajn, Darko. "Globalisation, employment and education in Sri Lanka: Opportunity and division." International Review of Education 60, no. 6 (December 2014): 883–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11159-014-9456-7.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Panapitiya, Saman. "Some Observations on Agrarian Life and Performing Arts in Today’s Sri Lanka." ASIAN-EUROPEAN MUSIC RESEARCH JOURNAL 6 (December 4, 2020): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.30819/aemr.6-4.

Full text

Abstract:

The main objective of the article is to present some observations on the singing styles that have been used in relation to Agrarian Life in Sri Lanka. They were sung until the late 1990s by people who were employed in agriculture or who were peasants themselves. Today’s commercial entertainment singers, in the 21st century, are performing these poems with great enthusiasm using audio-visual media. It is questionable whether they are well aware of the environment related to those songs. The agricultural society that promoted these songs has been widely transformed through changed working processes and demographic shifts. Therefore, the modern society is in a position where stage performers cannot have a real experience of these past times. This study is to observe and investigate the specific musical features of those songs that have been transmitted over the centuries. These observations may help to increase a conscious dealing with musical traditions in the context of Sri Lankan agrarian life and their future representation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Henderson, Sophie. "State-Sanctioned Structural Violence: Women Migrant Domestic Workers in the Philippines and Sri Lanka." Violence Against Women 26, no. 12-13 (November 1, 2019): 1598–615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801219880969.

Full text

Abstract:

Adopting a structural violence approach, this article examines how the failure to implement protective rights-based migration policies by the governments in the Philippines and Sri Lanka creates the conditions for the systematic exploitation of women migrant domestic workers by recruitment agencies and employers. Fieldwork conducted in 2018 with advocacy groups, government agencies, and international organizations in the Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Hong Kong illustrates how both countries are prioritizing the promotion of overseas employment and commodification of labor above the protection of the rights of their women domestic workers under domestic and international law.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Jayathunga, Nadeera. "A study on women, employment and family balance in Sri Lanka." ACADEMICIA: An International Multidisciplinary Research Journal 10, no. 5 (2020): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2249-7137.2020.00275.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Bowden, Gilbert, and Tony Binns. "Youth employment and post-war development in Jaffna, northern Sri Lanka." Conflict, Security & Development 16, no. 3 (May 3, 2016): 197–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14678802.2016.1179448.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Wickremeratne, Naveen, and Priyanga Dunusinghe. "Youth Not in Education, Employment and Training (NEET) in Sri Lanka." Advances in Economics and Business 6, no. 5 (September 2018): 339–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.13189/aeb.2018.060508.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Sivakumaran, Shamila, and Jeevasuthan Subramaniam. "Economic Empowerment through Self-employment Initiatives: A Group Work Experience based on a Sri Lankan Village." Groupwork 29, no. 2 (September 11, 2020): 94–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1921/gpwk.v29i2.1461.

Full text

Abstract:

This article looks into the application of groupwork in Sri Lanka with a group of women-headed households (WHHs) to empower them and promote a sustainable economic development through self-employment initiatives. This particular groupwork was carried out in an underprivileged rural village, in Sri Lanka. Participants were divided into three groups based on their interest in the following livelihood activities; home gardening, tailoring and handloom work. They were facilitated with different activities for the period of six months. The significant changes were; improved skills in selected area, leadership and team work, documentation, mutual support, internal harmony among the community members, marketing skill and self-confidence.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Rathnayake, Chinthani, Bill Malcolm, Garry Griffith, and Alex Sinnette. "Trade Consequences of the Farm Production Regulation: The Glyphosate Ban in the Sri Lankan Tea Industry." Industria: Jurnal Teknologi dan Manajemen Agroindustri 11, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 81–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.industria.2022.011.02.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Tea manufacturing is an important industry for the Sri Lankan economy because it generates foreign income, which adds to gross domestic product of the country and creates employment opportunities. Tea has been exported to several countries from Sri Lanka for over a century, and Sri Lanka remains a leading tea exporter to date. Recently, the Sri Lankan government issues a policy which disadvantages the tea industry in the country. The government banned the use of glyphosate in the agricultural sector from 2015 to 2018 which directly or indirectly affects the tea industry. The policy brought a consequence where the farmers used illegal substances and other weedicides to control the weed. These consequences placed the Sri Lankan tea industry at risk since their final product is contains high amount of residual weedicide which exceeds the Maximum Residue Limit (MRL). In this paper, we use The Equilibrium Displacement Model to study the economic impact of rejections of tea consignments by Japan due to the excess use of 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) in 2018. The demand of Sri Lankan bulk black tea by Japan has declined by 6.5% between 2017 and 2018. The estimated of the Sri Lankan tea industry from reduced demand for bulk black tea was Rs339 million. Keywords: tea industry, glyphosate ban, Sri Lanka Abstrak Teh adalah industri penting bagi perekonomian Sri Lanka karena menghasilkan devisa yang menambah produksi domestik bruto dan menciptakan lapangan kerja. Teh telah diekspor dari Sri Lanka selama lebih dari satu abad ke berbagai negara dan Sri Lanka tetap menjadi eksportir utama. Kebijakan pemerintah baru-baru ini yang memengaruhi sektor pertanian tidak menguntungkan bagi industri teh. Pelarangan penggunaan glifosat dari tahun 2015 hingga 2018 merupakan salah satu kebijakan yang berdampak signifikan terhadap industri teh, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Konsekuensi penggunaan formulasi pengendali gulma ilegal dan herbisida alternatif menempatkan industri teh pada keadaan yang beresiko melalui konsekuensi tidak disengaja dari kehilangan akses ke pasar ekspor teh karena insiden mengenai kelebihan Batas Maksimum Residu. Dalam tulisan ini, dampak ekonomi dari penolakan pengiriman teh dari Jepang karena penggunaan 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) yang berlebihan pada tahun 2018 diselidiki dengan menggunakan Equilibrium Displacement Model pada industri teh. Permintaan ekspor Jepang untuk teh hitam curah turun 6,5% antara 2017 dan 2018. Perkiraan kerugian surplus ekonomi industri teh Sri Lanka dari penurunan permintaan teh hitam curah adalah Rs339 juta. Kata kunci: industri teh, larangan penggunaan glifosat, Sri Lanka

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Nainar, Vahida. "Livelihood Anxieties of Communities in Mannar, Sri Lanka." Social Change 52, no. 1 (March 2022): 40–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00490857211068565.

Full text

Abstract:

The laws in Sri Lanka mandate the allocation of state resources, including access to land, business, educational and employment opportunities on the basis of the population ratio of different communities in the country’s districts. Minority communities located in the north are therefore seized with a demographic anxiety over their access to and control of land and resources. These anxieties have been further sharpened in the process of return and rehabilitation of communities displaced by the civil war and known officially as internally displaced persons (IDP). The article explores how these anxieties have played out with Muslim and Tamil Christian communities in Mannar district located in the north west of Sri Lanka in the nation’s Northern Province. The article is based on a a case study of the dispute between the Uppukulam and the Joseph Vaz Nagar fishermen over the use of a fishing pier. It also examines the role of the state, the courts and the church in locking these communities in competition over access to a source of livelihood.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Dilpriya, T. A. H., G. H. J. Lanel, and B. V. N. C. Vidanage. "A Strategy to Strengthen and Enhance the Telecommunication Network in Sri Lanka by Using Concepts of Graph Theory and Linear Programming Models." International Journal of Natural Sciences Research 10, no. 1 (January 27, 2022): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/63.v10i1.2913.

Full text

Abstract:

The telecommunication sector in Sri Lanka is one of the most dynamic sectors, contributing significantly, both directly and indirectly, to investment, employment, productivity, and overall economic growth. According to the transformation of the telecommunication network of Sri Lanka, this study proposes a structure to increase the average upload and download speeds by using some concepts in pure Mathematics. The research design has aligned into two categories as interpretation and optimization. They established by using the concept of Graph Theory and linear programming models respective. We forecast the public switched telephone network (PSTN) model for the local network. Then we ranked carrier systems of Sri Lanka according to their services without violating privacy. Next, we created the minimum traffic flow, local model, based on the traffic flows. Then we proposed cable systems around Sri Lanka. After that, we calculated the required signal towers for the uniform coverage by considering the population density. Linear programming models had generated to optimize the traffic flows. We could obtain six hundred twenty-five linear programming models due to different coefficients in each case. So, we have separated those models into three sectors: low, moderate, and high. Three examples had discussed by considering them. The solutions had evaluated by using the PHP Simplex calculator.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Kanagasingam, Vallipuram. "Graduates Attributes: Convergence and Divergence of Different Stakeholders." International Journal of Business and Management 13, no. 1 (December 18, 2017): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v13n1p288.

Full text

Abstract:

The concept of graduates’ attributes has become the focus of increasing attention among practitioners and scholars alike. Little research, however, has been undertaken to investigate the graduates’ attributes in Sri Lanka from the perspective of stakeholder, the main objective of this study is to explore students’ attributes from different stakeholders’ point of view, particularly scholars and industrialist perspective. Further, this study concludes that most employers are looking for graduates who possess a range of generic skills and attributes, particularly, communication, team work, critical thinking and problem-solving skills. The study found that graduates are unable to find suitable employment opportunities to fulfill their expectations. They have dissatisfaction towards the employability. The main reason for unemployment and under-employment among the graduates is due to mismatch between the qualities of graduates produced by the state Universities in Sri Lanka and the quality expected by employers.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Weerasinghe, I. M. S., and R. Lalitha S. Fernando. "University facilities and student satisfaction in Sri Lanka." International Journal of Educational Management 32, no. 5 (June 11, 2018): 866–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijem-07-2017-0174.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the impacts of university facilities on student satisfaction at regional state universities in Sri Lanka. Design/methodology/approach In order to accomplish the proposed object quantitative research design was used. All undergraduates at four selected regional state universities, namely, Universities of Ruhuna, Rajarata, Wayamba, and Sabaragamuwa, were the population of the study, in which 650 undergraduates were selected as the sample using the stratified sampling technique. The researcher administrated close-ended questionnaire, which consisted of two parts and 31 items, was used for data collection. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software, and a confirmatory factor analysis was applied to ensure the discriminant and convergent validities of the model. Correlation and regression analyses were used to test the hypotheses. Findings The factors identified as the ones that most strongly influence student overall satisfaction were the lecture room facilities, library facilities, accommodation facilities, employment facilities and entertainment facilities at regional state universities. However, computer facilities did not significantly influence student satisfaction in Sri Lankan context. Originality/value This is the first study which comprehensively investigates the impact of university facilities on student satisfaction at regional level state universities in Sri Lanka.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Kodagoda, Thilakshi, and Simon Duncan. "Combining Motherhood and Employment in Sri Lanka: Preferences, Structures and Moral Rationalities." International Journal of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences: Annual Review 5, no. 3 (2010): 491–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1833-1882/cgp/v05i03/51640.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Emran, M. Shahe, and Forhad Shilpi. "Do Land Market Restrictions Hinder Structural Change in a Rural Economy? Evidence from Sri Lanka." Bangladesh Development Studies XLIII, no. 3 & 4 (February 1, 2022): 01–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.57138/gdgc2344.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper investigates the effects of land market restrictions on structural change from agriculture to non-agriculture in a rural economy. A model with higher migration costs due to land restrictions identifies the possibility of a reverse structural change where the share of non-agricultural employment declines. For identification, this paper exploits a natural experiment in Sri Lanka, where historical malaria played a unique role in land policy. The evidence indicates significant adverse effects of land restrictions on manufacturing and services employment. Land restrictions increase wage employment in agriculture but reduce it in manufacturing and services, with no effects on self-employment in non-agriculture.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Jayathilaka, Gauthami Kamalika. "The Worldmaking Agency of the Sri Lankan Travel Blogger." Tourism Culture & Communication 20, no. 2 (July 3, 2020): 117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/109830420x15894802540197.

Full text

Abstract:

This article presents a scrutiny of the powerful "worldmaking" role performed by English language travel writers in the context of Sri Lanka. It critically positions travel representations as a crucial means of knowledge production that shapes the way Sri Lanka is known and experienced. In that, it examines an emerging version of the country produced by young Sri Lankan travel bloggers through their employment of an "activist gaze" alongside the use of a "promotional gaze" by professional tourism writers. The article illuminates each of these distinctive worldmaking roles; the latter engaging the authority of tourism in constructing/perpetuating a particular favored version of the country to persuade the global tourist, and the former's "aware" agency in constructing a potential or alternative representation distinctive from the first. However, surpassing an exploration of representations and their worldmaking power, the article sheds light on the way writers are inculcated into certain standpoints and their negotiation of these through the employment of the Bourdieusian concepts of habitus, capital, and field. As such, it innovatively combines structure and agency in the study of tourism representations, unveiling the social implications underlying worldmaking and thereby elucidating the critical link between the English language, travel writing and social class in an understudied postcolonial context of South Asia.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Nagendrakumar, N., A. A. Lokeshwara, S. A. D. C. K. Gunawardana, U. P. Kodikara, R. W. N. H. Rajapaksha, and K. R. M. C. S. Rathnayake. "Modelling and Forecasting Tourist Arrivals in Sri Lanka." SLIIT Business Review 01, no. 02 (December 1, 2021): 95–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.54389/gked9337.

Full text

Abstract:

The Sri Lankan tourism industry contributes significantly to economic development through diversified mechanisms of revenue generation and for creation of employment opportunities. The tourism industry is volatile and easily affected by man-made or natural catastrophes: terrorism, financial crisis, and tsunamis. The racial dispute among Sri Lankan government forces and Liberation Tigers of Tamil Elam, which started in the 1980s spanned over thirty years and adversely affected the development of the tourism sector. However, with the conclusion of the ethnic strife in 2009, tourism started to boom. The objective is to estimate and forecast tourist arrivals for the tourism industry from August 2021 to August 2025. This study used monthly tourist arrivals from January 2000 to July 2021 to predict values for August 2021 to August 2025 and evaluates against the actual, based on the number of visitor arrivals. Box-Jenkins Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) was used to model the visitor arrivals to Sri Lanka by evaluating the study period and have applied the Standard ARIMA model to achieve the research purpose. Monthly tourist arrival data obtained from the Sri Lankan Tourism Development Authority and diagnostic test statistics, including autocorrelation and partial correlation, were used to examine the parameters of ARIMA. The results revealed civil was has impacted on tourist arrivals and was further noted that terrorism affected tourist arrivals negatively. In addition, the findings showed that the forecasted tourist arrivals were substantially less than the actual, which indicated that the Sri Lankan tourism industry rebounced shortly after the three-decade long civil war. Hence, this analysis highlights the potential of the Sri Lankan tourism industry to recover rapidly from shock events. Moreover, it is advantageous for policymakers, academia, society, and the government of Sri Lanka to set up the national tourism framework and also align the crisis management process effectively. Keywords: Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average, Civil war, Tourism industry performance, Tourist Arrivals

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Gnanothayan, J. Gaberial, and Linda Kauškale. "Development of the Construction Industry and Its Interconnection with the Development of National Economy of Sri Lanka." Baltic Journal of Real Estate Economics and Construction Management 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjreecm-2022-0007.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The construction industry forms an important part of any economy, and development of the construction industry could be of high significance for economic development. The construction industry includes the production of construction objects, consumption of resources, investment that contribute to the creation of employment places and also to the economic development of Sri Lanka. The aim of the research is to analyse the development trends of the construction industry and its interconnection with economic development in Sri Lanka. Particular focus of the research is placed on interconnection between the construction industry and economic development. Historical analysis, logical access and other methods have been used in the research. The analysis includes theoretical and practical aspects: actual tendencies and historical overview.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Deyshappriya, N. P. Ravindra. "An Empirical Analysis on Food Insecurity in Sri Lanka." Empirical Economic Review 2, no. 2 (December 4, 2019): 81–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.29145/eer/22/020105.

Full text

Abstract:

This study examines incidence of food insecurity in Sri Lanka along with its household determinants. The study found that 41.9% of Sri Lankan households are food insecure while 59% of households in Colombo district where the highest food insecurity is reported, are below the Minimum Dietary Energy Requirement(MDER). Food insecurity in urban sector is significantly higher than the rest of the country, as urban people mainly consume prepared and instant foods. The deep classification of food insecurity observed that 1.9% of households are extremely food insecure while 42.2% are vulnerable to food insecure. Furthermore, the impact of growth on reduction in food insecurity is significantly low, despite growth remarkably reduces poverty. The econometric analysis confirms that higherassets level, being a male-headed household, higher level of education, employed in government, semi-government sectors and being a self –employer and having agricultural lands significantly reduce the probabilities of falling into extremelyand moderately food insecure. Therefore, the study recommends ensuring better employment opportunities, higher educational attainments along with safety nets for vulnerable groups such as female-headed households in order to achieve food security. Furthermore, urban-based food insecurity should be addressed by encouraging urban people to have energy rich staples rather than relying on prepared foods.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Malhotra, Anju, and Deborah S. DeGraff. "Entry versus success in the labor force: Young women's employment in Sri Lanka." World Development 25, no. 3 (March 1997): 379–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0305-750x(96)00114-3.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Abayasekara, Ashani, and Neluka Gunasekara. "Determinants of youth not in education, employment or training: Evidence from Sri Lanka." Review of Development Economics 23, no. 4 (August 6, 2019): 1840–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/rode.12615.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Rathnayake, Ishara M., and Jeevika Weerahewa. "Maternal Employment and Income Affect Dietary Calorie Adequacy in Households in Sri Lanka." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 26, no. 2 (January 2005): 222–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482650502600206.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Kumarasinghe, Pivithuru Janak, and Savinda Perera. "Potential Global Competitiveness of Sri Lankan Virgin Coconut Oil Industry." International Journal of Management Excellence 11, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 1520–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17722/ijme.v11i1.1000.

Full text

Abstract:

The study focuses on Sri Lankan virgin coconut oil industry because of it is one of the upcoming export products and also its position as one of the key player in the global market. Sri Lankan coconut industry is one of the major foreign exchange and employment generation source and element of the Sri Lankan nation. The study attempted to unearth the determinants of export competitiveness of virgin coconut oil industry in Sri Lanka by drawing attention on Porter’s theory of the competitive advantage of nations. The target population of the study consisted with individual firms which are engaging in virgin coconut oil export in Sri Lanka is two hundred and nineteen. The study used a likert scale to measure the chosen variables. Based on the Pearson Correlation analysis researcher can say that there is significance strong positive relationship between Availability of Raw materials, Quality of demand and Market share of export with the Export Competitiveness. According to regression analysis researcher can say that availability of Raw materials, Local market, Quality of demand and Market share of export has significance positive affect on Advantage of Export Competitiveness.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Malagammanage Dimuthu Piyumika Nayanarangani, Dissanayaka Mudiyanselage Shiromi Himalika Dissanayaka, and Jayaneththi Pathirannehelage Harshani Upulika Jayaneththi. "Solid wastes generation and its management in tourist destinations of Sri Lanka." Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Advances 12, no. 2 (August 30, 2022): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gjeta.2022.12.2.0144.

Full text

Abstract:

In the recent decade (2009-2019), the tourism industry has become a major driving force Sri Lankan economy. It accounts for 12.6 % of the country's GDP and is considered one of the significant employment generators in the service sector. However, it is an industry that generates a decent amount of solid waste, but a few research findings rely on this to verify. Hence, this review study aimed to identify, quantify, and characterize different types of waste in major tourist destinations of Sri Lanka with adopted management strategies. Solid waste generation in touristic locations is varied between 1 to 12 kg per guest per day, which mainly depend on the tourist attributes, the season of the year, and the prevailing environmental legislation of the country. The management of solid waste in tourist destinations is particularly problematic due to climatic conditions, topography, financial restraints, planning issues, changing consumption patterns, transient population, and seasonal variations in solid waste quantity and composition. Improper waste management methods, lack of essential facilities, underestimation of actual waste generation rates, and inadequate management and technical skills are the key factors attributed to the poor waste management of developing countries like Sri Lanka. Overall, the literature concludes that the proper management of solid waste would enhance the sustainable development of the tourism industry and economy of Sri Lanka.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Anandasayanan, S., S. Balagobei, and M. Amaresh. "Impact of Tourism Industry on the Economic Growth of Sri Lanka." International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting 10, no. 4 (December 30, 2020): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijafr.v10i4.15991.

Full text

Abstract:

In Sri Lanka, tourism has been identified as the third largest and fastest growing source of foreign currency in 2018, after private remittances and textile and garment exports, accounting for almost $4.4 billion or 4.9 percent of gross domestic product in 2018. Tourism industry is a key element which accelerates the economic growth by earning high foreign exchange and reducing poverty by providing direct and indirect employment opportunities to locals. This study primarily investigates the impact of between tourism sector on economic growth by employing Augmented Dickey Fuller’s unit root test, correlation analysis and regression analysis. Annual data from 1989 to 2018 was used. The dependent variable was economic growth while tourists’ receipts were independent variable. Strong and positive correlation was explored between tourists’ receipts and economic growth meanwhile the results of regression analysis indicate that tourists’ receipts significantly impact on the economic growth.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Wijayawardena, Kanchana, Nilupama Wijewardena, and Ramanie Samaratunge. "Compromising gender identities." Information Technology & People 30, no. 2 (June 5, 2017): 246–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/itp-01-2016-0012.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose Given the limited research on women in information technology (IT) sectors in emerging economies and the importance of understanding their experiences working in highly gendered IT firms, the purpose of this paper is to examine the specific gendered strategies used by women engineers to stay in gender-atypical IT firms in Sri Lanka using job embeddedness as a theoretical lens. Design/methodology/approach Data collection was done through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions on a sample of 14 women engineers employed in five leading IT firms in Sri Lanka. Findings Respondents perceived the work role expectations in the Sri Lankan IT industry as masculine. Respondents compromised their own gender identities to engage in four distinct strategies to link and fit with the prevailing work role expectations. “Using a hybrid style” and “being passive and neutral” were respondents’ link strategies, while “adopting masculine traits” and “demonstrating self-confidence” related to their fit strategies. Research limitations/implications Men and women who aspire to enter the IT sector need to be pre-prepared and educated about the characteristics of IT cultures and prevailing gender norms along with the subject knowledge. Managers of IT firms need to create positive work environments for their women employees that aid them to fit and link with their workplaces. Originality/value The study provides a deeper understanding of how women manage gender-related issues within gender-atypical IT firms in Sri Lanka and stay in their employment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Gardiyawasam, C. T., G. A. K. M. Ganegoda, T. A. R. Fernando, and P. Lankeshwara. "Identifying the Gender Differences in Response to Graduate Unemployment: Evidence from Sri Lanka." Vidyodaya Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 06, no. 02 (July 8, 2021): 65–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31357/fhss/vjhss.v06i02.06.

Full text

Abstract:

Employment opportunities are available for graduates from certain disciplines, while for a considerable proportion of the graduates, finding employment has become a problem. Therefore, enhancing the employability of graduates is a challenge faced by the university system of Sri Lanka. This research contains the findings based on economic, social and geographical attributes for gender difference in response to graduate unemployment. A questionnaire was distributed among the graduates of selected two faculties of General Sir John Kotelawala Defense University, Ratmalana. The study aimed to identify the impact of gender on graduate unemployment, causes for the gender differences, and the impact of geographical, social and economic factors in response to each gender. Primary data was collected through the questionnaire. Chi square test was used to determine the individual impact of independent variables towards the dependent variable, and binary logistic regression has been used to determine the collective impact of independent variables towards the dependent variable. The findings suggest that age, father’s education, satisfaction with higher education/ training, job preference, job satisfaction and impact of gender on finding a job (as per the thoughts) have a significant relationship with employability status of the male graduates. Furthermore, academic qualifications, monthly income of families, satisfaction with higher education and the training, job satisfaction and impact of gender of the female graduates (as per their experiences) have a significant relationship with employability status of the female graduates.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

de Mel, Suresh, David McKenzie, and Christopher Woodruff. "Labor Drops: Experimental Evidence on the Return to Additional Labor in Microenterprises." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 202–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.20170497.

Full text

Abstract:

A field experiment in Sri Lanka provided wage subsidies to randomly chosen microenterprises to test whether hiring additional labor benefits such firms and whether a short-term subsidy can have a lasting impact on firm employment. Using 12 rounds of surveys to track dynamics 4 years after treatment, we find that firms increased employment during the subsidy period. Treated firms were more likely to survive, but there was no lasting impact on employment and no effect on profitability or sales either during or after the subsidy period. There is some heterogeneity in effects; the subsidies have a more durable effect on manufacturers. (JEL C93, J22, J24, J31, J38, O14, O15)

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Callen, Michael, Suresh de Mel, Craig McIntosh, and Christopher Woodruff. "What Are the Headwaters of Formal Savings? Experimental Evidence from Sri Lanka." Review of Economic Studies 86, no. 6 (March 26, 2019): 2491–529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdz020.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The world’s poor are seeing a rapid expansion in access to formal savings accounts. What is the source of savings when households are connected to a formal account? We combine a high-frequency panel survey spanning two and a half years with an experiment in which a Sri Lankan bank used mobile Point-of-Service (POS) terminals to collect deposits directly from households each week. We find that the headwaters of formal savings lie in sacrificed leisure time: households work more, and improved savings options generate an increase in labour effort in both self-employment and in the wage market. The results suggest that the labour allocation channel is an important mechanism linking savings opportunities to income.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Fonseka, Ruvani W. "Empowering youth in rural, up-country Sri Lanka through gender-equitable education and employment." Gender & Development 26, no. 3 (September 2, 2018): 569–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13552074.2018.1523288.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Samantha, NPG, and Haiyun Liu. "The Effect of Foreign Direct Investment on Industrial Sector Growth: Evidence from Sri Lanka." Journal of Asian Development 4, no. 2 (August 10, 2018): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jad.v4i2.13339.

Full text

Abstract:

The development of the industrial sector stimulates economic growth and development by reducing poverty and regional disparity, increasing export income, generating quality employment, as well as developing technological capabilities and productive capacities. It has been more than four decades since removing trade-related barriers, and tax incentives liberalized the Sri Lankan economy offered to foreign investors to attract FDI and promote the industrial sector. Hence, the objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between inward FDI and industrial sector performance of Sri Lanka at the aggregate level for the period 1980-2016. We use the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to identify the long-run relationship and short-run dynamics of the selected variables. ARDL bounds test verifies the existence of co-integration among the selected variables. The study fails to find a significant relationship between FDI and industrial sector growth of Sri Lanka in the long run as well as in the short run. The attraction of vertically integrated FDI that consists with advanced technology and value-added production is one of the solutions for overcoming the issue of low technology and knowledge of Sri Lankan industrial sector. Sri Lankan FDI strategy associated with industrial sector should consider the pull and push factors related to recipient and source country respectively. To promote the industrial sector via FDI, the government policy should focus on attracting more FDI that could be channeled into those sectors that would contribute to national competitiveness.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Sosai, Augustin Siluvaithasan. "Illegal Fishing Activity ‒ A New Threat in Mannar Island Coastal Area (Sri Lanka)." Transylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research 17, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/trser-2015-0051.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Illegal fishing net use is one of the most serious threats to the health of the world’s fisheries and for the secure employment of fishers. Illegal modes of fishing adversely affect the fishing industry according to the Fisheries and Aquatic Resource Ministry of Sri Lanka which is the regulatory body of the fisheries industry. In Sri Lanka, usage of illegal fishing methods has increased in recent years. There is an urgent need to identify prohibited or illegal fishing activities and the use of dangerous or harmful substances in fishing. The present study was carried out in the Mannar coastal area from June 2013 until the latter part of June 2014, to identify illegal, prohibited and dangerous fishing activities, and to understand the major threats and impacts on the fishing community and the socio, economic, biological and ecological impacts through field surveys and library methods. The study aims to outline appropriate planning and solutions to minimize illegal fishing and to save the coastal biodiversity and fishing community.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Islam, Iyanatul. "Labour Regulations, Growth and Employment: A South Asian Perspective." South Asian Journal of Human Resources Management 8, no. 2 (November 2, 2021): 174–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23220937211049137.

Full text

Abstract:

Drawing on the experience of four South Asian economies (Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka), this article argues that properly designed labour market institutions and regulations play a pivotal role in engendering desirable economic and social dividends. The alternative is a Hobbesian world of an unregulated labour market, which is likely to produce poor wages and working conditions. Policymakers in the region should acknowledge common challenges pertaining to low utilisation of the skills and talents of young people, entrenched gender disparities, high, and in many cases rising, informality, significant incidence of working poverty and vulnerability. They should focus on designing complementary interventions to tackle such shared challenges rather than being fixated on the narrowly conceived notion of deregulating labour markets.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Liyanage, H. K., and R. M. K. G. U. Rathnayaka. "Factors Affecting Career Planning of Bachelor of Arts Undergraduates in Sri Lanka." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science 06, no. 06 (2022): 243–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2022.6607.

Full text

Abstract:

In a dynamic labor market where the skills and job requirements demanded constantly changes affects the graduates of undergraduates, especially those following in the arts stream, career planning is important. In order to understand the career planning process to fill the gap between demand and supply of employment, the study aimed to identify the factors influencing career planning and to build a career planning model. The study considered a sample of 136 respondents following the Bachelor of Arts (Hons) program at the University of Sri Jayewardenepura. A path analysis was conducted along with a Spearman’s rho to test the hypothesized model developed using three career development theories, namely, Gottfredson’s Circumscription and Compromise, Social Cognitive Career Theory, and Self-Determination Theory, to a four-stage career planning model. The study identified that there are influential factors that directly influence in the career planning process while factors such as prior achievement indirectly influence in the career planning process

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

de Mel, Sajith. "The impact of trade on employment and wages in the manufacturing industry in Sri Lanka." International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP) 10, no. 12 (December 12, 2020): 335–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.29322/ijsrp.10.12.2020.p10834.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Kladeen, Mubarak. "Women and Tourism: Hindering Factors of Women Employment in the Hotel Sector in Sri Lanka." International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 24, no. 03 (February 19, 2020): 2005–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24i3/pr200947.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Kodagoda, Thilakshi. "Motherhood and employment: values and practices. Perceptions of women professionals in hospitals in Sri Lanka." International Journal of Management and Enterprise Development 12, no. 2 (2012): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmed.2012.047887.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Egresi, István, Supun Lahiru Prakash, Buddhika Maduraperruma, Amila Withanage, Aruna Weerasingha, Ştefan Dezsi, and Bianca Sorina Răcăşan. "What Affects Support for Wetland Tourism? A Case Study from Sri Lanka." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 6, 2021): 8802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13168802.

Full text

Abstract:

Development of sustainable tourism is not possible without the support and involvement of the local community. Thus, it would be beneficial to understand how residents perceive tourism development. This study investigates the main factors that influence residents’ support for tourism development in the context of wetland tourism. The study was conducted in one of the most extensive wetland areas in Sri Lanka, situated not far from the capital, Colombo. The main instrument for data collection was a survey applied both to residents living inside the Muthurajawela Wetland and to residents living outside but in the proximity of the wetland. The data collected were subsequently processed, evaluated, and explained using SPSS 26. Besides descriptive statistics, a binomial logistic regression was employed to understand which factors influence residents’ attitudes toward future tourism development. The study found that six factors could predict support for tourism development: gender, age, employment (connected or not to tourism), residence (inside or outside the wetland), interaction with tourists, and satisfaction with the current level of tourism development. The results were then discussed in the context of the extant literature and limitations were acknowledged.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Santhalingam, Sathees, Sivayogan Sivagurunathan, Shamini Prathapan, Sivapalan Kanagasabai, and Luxmi Kamalarupan. "The effect of socioeconomic factors on quality of life of elderly in Jaffna district of Sri Lanka." PLOS Global Public Health 2, no. 8 (August 31, 2022): e0000916. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000916.

Full text

Abstract:

Globally, the proportion of the elderly is increasing. In comparison to other Southeast Asian countries, Sri Lanka’s population is rapidly aging. The elderly are a vulnerable age group that requires special attention to live a long and healthy life. As, there was a scarcity of data on the elderly’s quality of life, studying the level of quality of life and the associated factors of the elderly in the Jaffna district will provide insight into how to plan interventions to improve the elderly’s overall well-being in Jaffna District and Sri Lanka as well. The study aimed to determine the quality of life of the elderly in the Jaffna district of Sri Lanka and to study the association of socioeconomic factors with the quality of life. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 813 community-dwelling elderly in the Jaffna District of Sri Lanka. Socio-economic characteristics were recorded by way of a structured questionnaire. The WHOQOL-Bref questionnaire was used to assess quality of life in four domains: physical health, psychological, social participation and the environment. The statistical Package of Social Science Software (SPSS) version 21 was used to analyse the data. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were applied, p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Among the four QOL domains, the mean (SD) score for an environmental domain was (12.1±2.1), (12.0±2.8) for the psychological domain, (11.8±2.3) for the physical health domain, and (10.1±3.0) for the social relationship domain. Factors significantly associated with all domains of QOL included marital status, level of education, living arrangement, employment, level of income, income adequacy and ownership of the house. Furthermore, age, sex, religion, number of children, and presence of monthly income, were significantly associated with at least one domain of QOL of the elderly. According to these findings, the QOL of the elderly in the Jaffna district of Sri Lanka seems low. And it was associated with multiple socio-economic factors. Interventions to improve the QOL of the elderly are anticipated with a higher emphasis on social relationship for the elderly.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Lukitsh, Joanne. ""Simply Pictures of Peasants": Artistry, Authorship, and Ideology in Julia Margaret Cameron's Photography in Sri Lanka, 1875-1879." Yale Journal of Criticism 9, no. 2 (1996): 283–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/yale.1996.0018.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Shyama, Chandhi, and Tiloka de Silva. "Direct and Indirect Income Support and Their Determinants: Developing an Income Profile for Older Adults in Sri Lanka." Journal of Population and Social Studies 30 (March 15, 2022): 463–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.25133/jpssv302022.027.

Full text

Abstract:

Given the rapid increase in population aging and older population dependency rates, a sound understanding of old-age income support systems is vital for formulating effective policy responses. This research studies old-age income sources to develop an income profile for older adults in Sri Lanka, measuring direct and indirect income sources using nationally representative survey data from Household Income and Expenditure Surveys 1995/1996 and 2016. In the absence of direct information on intergenerational transfers, we investigate the material support older adults receive from their families, an essential source of income in many developing countries. We found that while indirect income support, cash transfers, and employment are vital sources of old-age income, there have been significant changes in the composition of old-age income over time. Indirect income support is becoming less important, and income from employment and formal cash transfers is becoming more prominent. These results highlight potential avenues to improve the economic well-being of older adults, such as increasing the mandatory retirement age and taking measures to provide decent employment opportunities for older adults while also expanding pension coverage to all types of workers and access to social security for vulnerable groups such as women or the poor.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Wijesundara, Shamila Rasanjani, and Ruwan Ranasinghe. "Perceived Barriers for Employment in Tourism Industry among Rural Communities." International Journal of Asian Business and Information Management 6, no. 3 (July 2015): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijabim.2015070101.

Full text

Abstract:

Present Tourism Strategy focuses on increasing tourism related employment in Sri Lanka. It is difficult to attract entry level employees to tourism industry given many reasons. This study aims identifying barriers for potential employment for people in rural areas and it will facilitate human resource builders in tourism industry. As a rural area with pool of job seekers, Kotmale was selected for this study. The sample size has been determined by using stratified sampling method and convenience sampling method was used to select respondents. Primary data collected through a pre-tested structured questionnaire and secondary data were used for the study. Mixed methodology was employed to analyze data. The results revealed social considerations, recruitment process, skills development, progression pathways, cultural barriers and lack of infrastructure facilities are significant barriers for tourism employment in rural areas. It is recommended to address the above to make tourism employment attractive for rural job seekers.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Wattage, Premachandra, and Hasintha Olugala. "Economic Valuation on Conservation of Rainforest in Eastern Sinharaja, Sri Lanka." Asian Review of Civil Engineering 11, no. 1 (June 15, 2022): 34–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/tarce-2022.11.1.3342.

Full text

Abstract:

The value for goods and services is noticeable as the price is paid for those goods and services, but in environmental goods and services the real price or value is misrepresent in ordinary markets. Especially the forest benefits or non-market values are not normally exchange in markets and generally ignored in decision making. Benefits obtained from environmental elements cannot be estimated and it causes for the continuous damages which can be reason for long term worldwide effects. Therefore such values and damages need to be justified at least by ensuring that they can be identified and conserved for future generations. But conserving forest features, improving or managing is costly. Eastern Sinharaja – Sri Lanka is a world heritage rainforest which represented with valuable resources for all living beings. However, the resources in Eastern Sinharaja is under continuous degradation and requires conservation measures. The research problem focuses on what is the economic value on conservation of Eastern Sinharaja rainforest environment. This research is attempt to estimate the total value of conservation of Eastern Sinharaja rainforest environment using Contingent Valuation method (CVM). The information was gathered from a questionnaire survey under random sampling method using 234 of sample size. The results has discovered, respectively socio economic variables, general environmental attitudes and willingness to pay sections designed have identified as key sections which derived the main features which are affecting to the economic value of the conservation of the rainforest environment. Gender, employment, voter, income are socio economic features which affect to the economic value. In general environment attitudes for willingness to pay (WTP) and the respondents attitudes are positive when consider about the significance values of the features for Mean WTP of Rs. 257.30 from a household. This study indicated that despite Sri Lanka is a developing country, people are willing to contribute for conservation of the resource. Those derived values may significantly contribute in conservation of rainforest environment and deliver materials to design applicable policies for future rainforest environment management.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Peasants Employment Sri Lanka'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles