Academic literature on the topic 'Peak union bodies'
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Journal articles on the topic "Peak union bodies"
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Jaman, M. Firoj, Md Nazmul Hoque, Noor Jahan Sarker, and Md Saidur Rahman. "Ecology and breeding biology of the pond heron, Ardeola grayii (Sykes, 1832) and its conservation aspects." Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Science 38, no. 1 (June 16, 2013): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jasbs.v38i1.15325.
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Studies on ecology and breeding biology of the pond heron, Ardeola grayii was conducted from January to June, 2010 in Kalairpur Assim Union, Fulbaria under Mymensingh district. The breeding season of this bird ranged from February to June. The peak period for nesting was March. The pond heron choose the nesting site surrounding the human settlements near the pond and other water bodies. This species took 7 to 14 days to complete nest with an average of 10.8 days. The height of nest varied from 5.2 m to 10.9 m with an average of 7.82 m. The main nesting trees were bamboo (Bambusa longispiculata) and mango (Mangifera indica). Nesting materials were chiefly small sticks of mango, tamarind (Tamarindus indica), bel (Aegle marmelos) and leaves of bamboos. The clutch size varied from 3 to 4 eggs with an average of 3.7 eggs. The incubation period varied from 19 to 23 days with an average of 20.73 days. The hatching success was 90% in relation to the number of eggs laid. The fledging period of young varied from 25 to 29 days with an average of 26.73 days. Young individuals left the nest after 3 to 4 weeks. Results of this study indicate that the pond heron can breed successfully for their survival if indigenous plants trees are available to build their nest. So Government should make immediately an integrated conservation plan to protect this bird with the co-operation of national and international organizations. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jasbs.v38i1.15325 J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 38(1): 99-109, June 2012
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Datsishina, Marina V. "Place Renaming and German Policy-Making in Temporarily Occupied Soviet Territories." Вопросы Ономастики 17, no. 1 (2020): 113–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/vopr_onom.2020.17.1.006.
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The article discusses the transfer of territory-remapping strategies by Nazi Germany from Europe to the occupied territories of the USSR, with a particular focus on place renaming. Measures concerning toponymy and onomastics were generally well-rooted in the policy of the Third Reich. In the year of 1942, as the German occupation zone in the Soviet Union reached its peak for the whole period of the war, specific guidelines for renaming were issued to secure the acclaimed territories. On the functional side, the guidelines were to eliminate confusion in the correspondence between administrative bodies of the occupied lands and their Berlin leadership. The author shows that each renaming decision could be due to several factors, but ultimately these were meant to contribute to further legal and cultural appropriation of the occupied territories and their subsequent Germanization. Renaming of places in the German way took different forms. Most commonly, it went through the integration of the Nazi ideology into the context of European and world history. The national socialists declared themselves heirs to Germany’s great past, the successors of its best traditions. The “Germanization” of place names in different occupation zones had different dynamics. Logically, the farther the occupied territories were from the Western border of the USSR, the fewer German names they featured. The article showcases how the “derussification” policy was used to disrupt the links with the Soviet past, to foster separatist tendencies, and ultimately to verbalize the expectations of a “blitzkrieg” victory. Renaming of toponymic objects also aimed to reduce the population’s resistance to occupation, as well as increase the loyalty to the occupiers. The paper builds on archival documents, the occupation press, eyewitness accounts.
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Ellem, Bradon, and John Shields. "Why do Unions form Peak Bodies? The Case of the Barrier Industrial Council." Journal of Industrial Relations 38, no. 3 (September 1996): 377–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218569603800303.
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You, Kevin. "Dealing with brain drain: the contributions of Sri Lanka’s peak business interest associations." Journal of Global Responsibility 10, no. 3 (August 15, 2019): 239–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgr-10-2018-0052.
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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the way in which Sri Lankan business associations contribute to addressing such issues and the motivation behind their contributions. Design/methodology/approach Data, in this study, came from publicly available sources (online news articles, newspaper articles, reports, etc.) and a series of unstructured elite interviews with leaders of Sri Lanka’s most prominent peak business associations. Findings Sri Lankan associations contribute to addressing problems associated with human capital flight because doing so, ultimately, benefits their members and secretariat organisations. Peak bodies make their contributions by easing the push factors that catalyse the outflow of skilled migrants from the island nation and helping to replenish skills in the country by engaging in initiatives aimed at training and developing workers, young people and entrepreneurs. Research limitations/implications The behaviours of Sri Lanka’s business interest associations and the logics that drive their actions are similar to those of their counterparts in other countries (as per academic literature in the area), where association membership is not state-mandated. Rational actions of business associations have the potential to produce socially beneficial positive externalities (as in the present case issues around the brain drain). Social implications Findings from this research can assist government bodies, non-government organisations and other civil society organisations develop a better collaborative relationship with the private sector in developing nations to tackle problems associated with human capital flight. Originality/value While there has been a lively debate, among philosophers and scholars of public policy, on how governments should help address issues associated with this phenomenon, very little attention has been given to the real and potential contributions of non-governmental, non-charity-based civil society groups such as unions and business chambers. This paper seeks to address this gap.
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MKRTCHYAN, LIKA. "The Border-making Policy of the Europe-an Union: Eastern Enlargement." Journal of Education Culture and Society 3, no. 2 (January 12, 2020): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15503/jecs20122.7.18.
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Having no internal borders, what is a border for the European Union (EU)? Which cri-teria does this powerful organization pursue in its decision-making on further expansion: geographical, political, cultural, economic or all of these? What is the profi t of the Union in advancing its external borders to the east? And why to the east and not the south or west across the Atlantic? Does it still mean that there is the reason for enlarging eastward based on the geographical belonging to Europe?1.This paper discusses the expansion of the European Union to the east with the main focus on its political and economic aspects of integration. The fi rst part includes intro-duction to the concept of Europe, historic background about the formation of the united Europe in terms of geography, culture, politics and economy, juxtaposing opinions and viewpoints of different experts and political scientists on “what is Europe?” and what are the core issues of its enlargement. The second and third parts are dedicated to the advan-tages and disadvantages of European Integration for both parties concerned – the EU and the candidate/member state, in the case of the former having its own “demarcation policy” towards certain regions of the continent when it comes to unifi cation. And the fourth part is about the communication and miscommunication of the informative bodies of the Euro-pean Union that are responsible for public awareness on any process that goes on within the European family. The lack of information results in the ignorance of citizens of Euro-pean and partner countries, which, of course, refl ects on the further processes of expansion on the political level and cultural perception and mentality on the social level.The conclusion sums up the research, and the bibliography lists the books, articles, monographs and Internet sources used in the course of the study.
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Schmalz, B., F. Tavares, and N. Fohrer. "Assessment of nutrient entry pathways and dominating hydrological processes in lowland catchments." Advances in Geosciences 11 (June 15, 2007): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-11-107-2007.
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Abstract. The achievement of a good water quality in all water bodies until 2015 is legally regulated since December 2000 for all European Union member states by the European Water Framework Directive (EU, 2000). The aim of this project is to detect nutrient entry pathways and to assess the dominating hydrological processes in complex mesoscale catchments. The investigated Treene catchment is located in Northern Germany as a part of a lowland area. Sandy, loamy and peat soils are characteristic for this area. Land use is dominated by agriculture and pasture. Drainage changed the natural water balance. In a nested approach we examined two catchment areas: a) Treene catchment 517 km2, b) Kielstau catchment 50 km2. The nested approach assists to improve the process understanding by using data of different scales. Therefore these catchments serve not only as an example but the results are transferable to other lowland catchment areas. In a first step the river basin scale model SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool, Arnold et al., 1998) was used successfully to model the water balance. Furthermore the water quality was analysed to distinguish the impact of point and diffuse sources. The results show that the tributaries in the Kielstau catchment contribute high amounts of nutrients, mainly nitrate and ammonium. For the parameters nitrate, ammonium and phosphorus it was observed as a tendency that the annual loads were increasing along the river profile of the Kielstau.
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Underhill, Elsa, and Malcolm Rimmer. "Private Governance, State Regulation and Employment Standards: How Political Factors Shape their Nexus in Australian Horticulture." Articles 72, no. 1 (April 19, 2017): 33–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1039589ar.
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The global weakness of collective bargaining and state regulation has spawned growing interest in employment protection though private governance. However, scepticism about the efficacy of unsupervised codes of conduct has triggered debate about external discipline through state regulation. This article seeks to contribute to debates about the processes that shape the nexus between private governance and state regulation. It is based on an empirical study of Australian harvest workers who formally benefit from state regulation of pay and occupational health and safety (OHS). However, industry changes have undercut standards. Product market pressures from supermarkets squeeze growers’ capacity to pay. Also, the labour market is increasingly supplied by vulnerable Asian temporary migrants (including undocumented workers), often supplied to growers by unscrupulous temporary work agencies. While pay and OHS practices vary, many harvest workers are exploited. Nor is private governance (which extends to horticulture through the codes of conduct of supermarkets and peak temporary work agency bodies) effective. All codes draw their standards from minimum legal employment conditions, and all possess loopholes allowing breaches to escape attention and rectification. In 2015, media and political attention fell on the working conditions of temporary migrants in horticulture. Government inquiries found evidence of exploitation, but were divided over solutions. Progressive politicians (influenced by unions) favoured stronger state enforcement powers and temporary work agency licensing. Conservative politicians (influenced by business lobbies) claimed these steps would fail, and favoured the status quo. Political reform therefore stalled. This study illustrates the importance of political processes in shaping the nexus between state regulation and private governance. In this case, a political stalemate leaves both regulation and governance deficient. Lacking protection from either source, harvest workers remain exposed to exploitative employment conditions.
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Avdashkin, Andrey A. "Forced Migrants from Central Asia in Terms of Archival Documents (1991-2002): A Case Study of the Chelyabinsk Region." Herald of an archivist, no. 3 (2021): 767–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2021-3-767-778.
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The article draws on the documents from the United State Archive of Chelyabinsk Region and the State Archive of the Russian Federation to examine forced migration from the former Soviet republics to the South Urals in 1991-2002. The choice of chronological framework is due to the fact that this period saw the peak of forced migration caused by the outflow from the military conflicts zones and due to the difficulties of post-socialist transit in the states of Central Asia. The 2002 Population Census allows the author to draw the balance of these processes and to identify the number of the region’s residents who arrived from the former Soviet Union republics between 1989 and 2002. The Chelyabinsk region is a part of the Russian-Kazakh frontier. After the collapse of the USSR and the reformatting of state borders, this borderland was an extended settlement area of the Russian-speaking population, mostly leaning towards moving from Kazakhstan. Due to a sufficiently high level of development, transport accessibility and low start-up opportunities for migrants, these border regions became one of the main places for receiving forced displacements from the Central Asian states, mostly Kazakhstan. In the current historiographical situation, a holistic reconstruction and detailing of these large-scale migrations requires a reliance on new historical sources. Archival documents of regional migration services contain valuable data on the number of forced migrants, their main areas of origin, socio-demographic characteristics, and other important parameters. The documents revealed in the fonds of the OGACHO and the GARF have showed that, at the initial stage, the backbone of migration flows was the Russian-speaking population from neighboring Kazakhstan, able-bodied, with a sufficiently high level of skills. This compensated for demographic losses due catastrophic growth of mortality and decline in birth rate. Thus, according to the migration service of the region, migration compensated for more than half of the total population loss, without any significant impact on its ethnic composition. At the same time, migrants encountered numerous difficulties in integrating into Russian society, which were rarely reflected in the specific documentation of state institutions. Many of the arrived, for various reasons, were not included in the forced migrants and refugees statistics due to numerous bureaucratic difficulties and an objective lack of resources for helping such a large number of people.
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Franceschini, Fabrizio. "The groundwater monitoring system in Tuscany according to the EU Directive 2000/60 and the groundwater As contamination in the Versilia coastal plain." Acque Sotterranee - Italian Journal of Groundwater 9, no. 3 (September 30, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.7343/as-2020-472.
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The EU Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC commits European Union Member States to achieve good qualitative and quantitative status for all water bodies. Its application requires periodic monitoring of selected water bodies. Concerning groundwater bodies, the Tuscany Region selected monitoring wells for periodic sampling and performing chemical analyses. Results of these analyses are used to assess the qualitative status according to the EU Directive. In some cases, this groundwater monitoring can highlight some water pollution, hence activating more detailed investigations. In this work, we present the case of high arsenic concentrations in groundwater, reaching about 1000 μg/L, from domestic wells located in southern Versilia (Tuscany, Italy), close by the Baccatoio stream which receives acidic waters from a former mining site. Initially, the arsenic has been related to acid mine drainage from the nearby sites in the Baccatoio Valley. As-rich pyrite weathering was supposed to be the primary source for As in groundwater despite the Baccatoio stream is As-free. Although the evaluation of the amount of pyrite in sediments needs further investigations, alternative hypothesis were formulated. The highest As concentration is often accompained by high amounts of iron and ammonium ions reflecting reducing environments. This suggests the occurrence of secondary As-sources such as ferric oxyhydroxide and organic matter, likely in peat layers, undergoing reductive dissolution. The aim of this work is to carry out a preliminary assessment of the origin of the As contamination in groundwater of the Versilia coastal plain.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Peak union bodies"
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Webster, Barbara Grace, and b. webster@cqu edu au. "'FIGHTING IN THE GRAND CAUSE':A HISTORY OF THE TRADE UNION MOVEMENT IN ROCKHAMPTON 1907 1957." Central Queensland University. School of Humanities, 1999. http://library-resources.cqu.edu.au./thesis/adt-QCQU/public/adt-QCQU20020715.151239.
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Research of a wide range of primary sources informs this work, including hitherto unstudied local union records, oral testimony, contemporary newspapers, government and employer reports. Conclusions reached in this dissertation are that while the founders of the local trade union movement shared a vision of improving the lot of workers in their employment and in the wider social context, and they
endeavoured to establish effective structures and organisation to this end, their efforts were of mixed success. They succeeded eminently in improving and protecting the employment conditions of workers to contemporary expectations through effective exploitation of political and institutional channels and through competent and conservative local leadership. However, the additional and loftier goal of creating a better life for workers outside the workplace through local combined union action were much less successful, foiled not only by overwhelming economic difficulties, but also by a local sense of working-class consciousness
which was muted by the particular social and cultural context of Rockhampton.
Books on the topic "Peak union bodies"
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Larsen, Timothy. Congregationalists. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199683710.003.0002.
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The nineteenth century was a period of remarkable advance for the Baptists in the United Kingdom. The vigour of the Baptist movement was identified with the voluntary system and the influence of their leading pulpiteers, notably Charles Haddon Spurgeon. However, Baptists were often divided on the strictness of their Calvinism, the question of whether baptism as a believer was a prerequisite for participation in Communion, and issues connected with ministerial training. By the end of the century, some Baptists led by F.B. Meyer had recognized the ministry of women as deaconesses, if not as pastors. Both domestic and foreign mission were essential to Baptist activity. The Baptist Home Missionary Society assumed an important role here, while Spurgeon’s Pastors’ College became increasingly significant in supplying domestic evangelists. Meyer played an important role in the development, within Baptist life, of interdenominational evangelism, while the Baptist Missionary Society and its secretary Joseph Angus supplied the Protestant missionary movement with the resonant phrase ‘The World for Christ in our Generation’. In addition to conversionism, Baptists were also interested in campaigning against the repression of Protestants and other religious minorities on the Continent. Baptist activities were supported by institutions: the formation of the Baptist Union in 1813 serving Particular Baptists, as well as a range of interdenominational bodies such as the Evangelical Alliance. Not until 1891 did the Particular Baptists merge with the New Connexion of General Baptists, while theological controversy continued to pose fresh challenges to Baptist unity. Moderate evangelicals such as Joseph Angus who occupied a respectable if not commanding place in nineteenth-century biblical scholarship probably spoke for a majority of Baptists. Yet when in 1887 Charles Haddon Spurgeon alleged that Baptists were drifting into destructive theological liberalism, he provoked the ‘Downgrade Controversy’. In the end, a large-scale secession of Spurgeon’s followers was averted. In the area of spirituality, there was an emphasis on the agency of the Spirit in the church. Some later nineteenth-century Baptists were drawn towards the emphasis of the Keswick Convention on the power of prayer and the ‘rest of faith’. At the same time, Baptists became increasingly active in the cause of social reform. Undergirding Baptist involvement in the campaign to abolish slavery was the theological conviction—in William Knibb’s words—that God ‘views all nations as one flesh’. By the end of the century, through initiatives such as the Baptist Forward Movement, Baptists were championing a widening concern with home mission that involved addressing the need for medical care and housing in poor areas. Ministers such as John Clifford also took a leading role in shaping the ‘Nonconformist Conscience’ and Baptists supplied a number of leading Liberal MPs, most notably Sir Morton Peto. Their ambitions to make a difference in the world would peak in the later nineteenth and early twentieth century as their political influence gradually waned thereafter.
Book chapters on the topic "Peak union bodies"
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Quinlan, Michael. "Wider Alliances, Peak Union Bodies and Political Organisation." In Contesting Inequality and Worker Mobilisation, 261–303. New York : Routledge, 2020. | Series: Routledge studies in employment and work relations in context: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003018971-12.
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Levy, Sharon. "Tides of Change." In The Marsh Builders. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190246402.003.0006.
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When Dan Hauser and his friend Wesley Chesbro won the Arcata city council race, their opponents did not concede gracefully. “I’m not a poor loser,” claimed Clyde Johnson, just before he called Hauser and Chesbro “rangatangs.” Then Johnson and the other disappointed candidates accused the winners of using dirty campaign tricks—just like President Nixon. Arcata’s weekly paper, the Union, ran the details of the post-election flap on its front page. That March of 1974, the national obsession with the Watergate scandal reached its peak. The president’s closest aides were on trial for burglary, wiretapping, and obstruction of justice. Nixon had become an international symbol of corruption, and the polls showed his public approval rating plummeting to an all-time low. So while Hauser and Chesbro could laugh off the comparison to an ape, when they were likened to the president the insult cut deep. It was a rough time to start a political career, especially in Arcata, an old logging town on the shores of Humboldt Bay in California’s damp northwest corner. The community was splitting in two like a redwood slat struck with an ax. On one side stood ranchers and timber workers, many of them descendants of the first pioneers to settle here in the 1850s. On the other were outsiders like Hauser and Chesbro, people who’d recently migrated to town to study or teach at Humboldt State University (HSU), and who’d decided to stay in this foggy enclave, 250 miles north of San Francisco. Now, for the first time, the outsiders controlled the city council. The old-time Arcatans felt like victims of an alien invasion. That feeling intensified when the national fad for high-speed nudity reached HSU. A few days after the election, four young guys ran naked through the University quad. Behind them, the crowns of the redwood trees at the edge of campus vanished into the fog. A cold rain fell as the earnest exhibitionists moved across the lawn, and goosebumps rose all over their bodies.
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Heller, Joseph. "The Soviet Union and Israel: from the Gromyko declaration to the death of Stalin (1947–53)." In The United States, the Soviet Union and the Arab-Israeli Conflict, 1948-67. Manchester University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526103826.003.0002.
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Communist ideology negated Zionism’s legitimacy, which did not bode well for lomg-term Soviet-Israeli relations. Even in short-term policies the relations were bound to explode because of Israel’s pressure for Jewish emigration. Under Stalin’s order the the Soviet-Jewish writer Ilya Ehrenburg repudiated the existence of Jewish nation. Soviet realpolitik granted greater credence to the strategic assets of the Arab world. Israel’s ‘non-identification’ policy of neutrality counted very little with Soviet Middle Eastern policy. The turning-point was the Korean war, in which Israel identified itself with the US policy of military intervention. Relations exploded in 1953 after Israeli extremists blew up the Soviet embassy and the Kremlin severed relations. Moreover, American economic aid to Israel in 1949 was interpreted by Moscow as evidence of Israel’s western orientation. Stalin’s anti-Semitism reached its peak in the Prague and Doctors trials.