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Journal articles on the topic 'PDP Minimization'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

Last updated: 7 September 2023

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1

Celestino, Ariel Oliveira, Pablo Amercio Silva Lima, Larissa Maria Cardoso Lima Rodrigues, Camila Mendonça França, Isabel Ribeiro Santana Lopes, Sarah Cristina Fontes Vieira, Ikaro Daniel de Carvalho Barreto, Fernanda Esperidião, and Ricardo Queiroz Gurgel. "Periodic deworming programme in Brazil." Research, Society and Development 9, no. 11 (December 10, 2020): e100091110722. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i11.10722.

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To evaluate the periodic deworming programme (PDP) against soil-transmitted helminth infection and estimate the cost-benefit of this action in a Northeastern Brazilian State. An observational descriptive study was peformed by two branches: an epidemiological analysis of parasitological stool tests positivity in the 7 health micro-regions of Sergipe State, from January to June 2019, and a cost-benefitial analysis through comparison between estimated costs of PDP and conventional diagnose and treatment method from 2014 to 2018. From the 1110 parasitological stool tests evaluated, 317 were positive: 20 (1.8 %) for helminths and 307 (26.7%) for protozoan parasites. Among positive tests, 61 (19.2%) were in PDP age target group (5-14 years). An annual average of 255,283 Albendazole tablets (400mg, single dose) were distributed with an annual average coverage rate of 84.2%. To support the programme, approximately R$ 281,859.25 (US$ 89,775.67) were transferred per year to the state of Sergipe. PDP estimated cost-effectiveness was R$ 1.10 (US$ 0.34) per event prevented and generated a cost-minimization of approximately R$ 335.617,60 (US$124,568.00) when compared to the conventional diagnose and treat method. The positive rates of soil-transmitted helminth infection in parasitological tests in Sergipe were low and the recommendation for PDP seems to be currently inadequate. Most positive tests were for commensal protozoa species. PDP estimated cost is lower than conventional diagnose and treatment method. Protozoa infections prevention policies should be evaluated as they are the major parasitic infection in our community after PDP.

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Wei Kai, Woo, Nabihah Ahmad, and Mohamad Hairol Jabbar. "Design of low power 8-bit gate-diffusion input (GDI) full adder using variable body bias (VBB) technique in 90nm technology." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 14, no. 2 (May 1, 2019): 912. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v14.i2.pp912-920.

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In digital system, the full adders are fundamental circuits that are used for arithmetic operations. Adder operation can be used to implement and perform calculation of the multipliers, subtraction, comparators, and address operation in an Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU). The subthreshold leakage current increasing as proportional with the scaling down of oxide thickness and transistor in short channel sizes. In this paper, a Gate-diffusion Input (GDI) circuit design technique allow minimization the number of transistor while maintaining low complexity of logic design and low power realization of Variable Body Biasing (VBB) technique to reduce the static power consumption. The Silterra 90nm process design kit (PDK) was used to design 8-bit full adder with VBB technique in full custom methodology by using Synopsys Electronic Design Automation (EDA) tools. The simulation of 8-bit full adder was compared within a conventional bias technique and VBB technique with operating voltage of supply. The result showed the reduction of VBB technique in term of peak power, and average power, compare with conventional bias technique. Moreover, the Power Delay Product (PDP) showed 1.29pJ in VBB technique compare with conventional bias mode 1.67pJ. The area size of 8-Bit full adder was 10μm×23μm.

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3

Pitea, Ariana. "Sufficient Efficiency Conditions for Vector Ratio Problem on the Second-Order Jet Bundle." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/713765.

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Motivated by its possible applications in mechanics and mechanical engineering, in our previous published work (Pitea and Postolache, 2011), we initiated an optimization theory for the second-order jet bundle. We considered the problem of minimization of vectors of curvilinear functionals (well known as mechanical work), thought as multitime multiobjective variational problems, subject to PDE and/or PDI constraints. Within this framework, we introduced necessary optimality conditions. As natural continuation of these results, the present work introduces a study of sufficient efficiency conditions.

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Postolache, Mihai. "Minimization of Vectors of Curvilinear Functionals on Second-Order Jet Bundle: Dual Program Theory." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2012 (2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/535416.

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A previous paper (2011), Pitea and Postolache, considered the problem of minimization of vectors of curvilinear functionals (well known as mechanical work), thought as multitime multiobjective variational problem, subject to PDE and/or PDI constraints. They have chosen the suitable framework offered by the second-order jet bundle, and initiated an optimization theory for this class of problems by introducing necessary conditions. As natural continuation of these results, the present work introduces a dual program theory, the general setting, and the theory which is new as a whole, containing our results.

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5

Schlesinger, Carina, Sonja M. Hammer, Tatiana E. Gorelik, and Martin U. Schmidt. "Orientational disorder of monomethyl-quinacridone investigated by Rietveld refinement, structure refinement to the pair distribution function and lattice-energy minimizations." Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials 76, no. 3 (May 8, 2020): 353–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052520620003984.

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The crystal structure of the organic pigment 2-monomethyl-quinacridone (Pigment Red 192, C21H14N2O2) was solved from X-ray powder diffraction data. The resulting average structure is described in space group P\overline 1, Z = 1 with the molecule on the inversion centre. The molecules are arranged in chains. The molecules, which have no inversion symmetry, show orientational head-to-tail disorder. In the average structure, the methyl group is disordered and found on both ends of the molecule with an occupancy of 0.5 each. The disorder and the local structure were investigated using various ordered structural models. All models were analysed by three approaches: Rietveld refinement, structure refinement to the pair distribution function (PDF) and lattice-energy minimization. All refinements converged well. The Rietveld refinement provided the average structure and gave no indication of a long-range ordering. The refinement to the PDF turned out to be very sensitive to small structural details, giving insight into the local structure. The lattice-energy minimizations revealed a significantly preferred local ordering of neighbouring molecules along the [0\bar 11] direction. In conclusion, all methods indicate a statistical orientational disorder with a preferred parallel orientation of molecules in one direction. Additionally, electron diffraction revealed twinning and faint diffuse scattering.

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6

Bezemer, Irene D., Elisabeth Smits, Fernie J. A. Penning-van Beest, Alex Asiimwe, and Ron M. C. Herings. "Thrombotic risk minimization for Diane-35 and generics." Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety 26, no. 11 (September 26, 2017): 1411–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pds.4319.

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7

Prieto, Luis, Almath Spooner, Ana Hidalgo-Simon, Annalisa Rubino, Xavier Kurz, and Peter Arlett. "Evaluation of the effectiveness of risk minimization measures." Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety 21, no. 8 (June 22, 2012): 896–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pds.3305.

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8

WU, Di, Tao ZHANG, and Xutao MO. "Group Sparsity Residual Constraint Image Denoising Model with 𝒍₁/𝒍₂ Regularization." Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 28, no. 1 (February 2023): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/wujns/2023281053.

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Group sparse residual constraint with non-local priors (GSRC) has achieved great success in image restoration producing state-of-the-art performance. In the GSRC model, the [see formula in PDF] norm minimization is employed to reduce the group sparse residual. In recent years, non-convex regularization terms have been widely used in image denoising problems, which have achieved better results in denoising than convex regularization terms. In this paper, we use the ratio of the [see formula in PDF] and [see formula in PDF] norm instead of the [see formula in PDF] norm to propose a new image denoising model, i.e., a group sparse residual constraint model with [see formula in PDF] minimization (GSRC-[see formula in PDF]). Due to the computational difficulties arisen from the non-convexity and non-linearity, we focus on a constrained optimization problem that can be solved by alternative direction method of multipliers (ADMM). Experimental results of image denoising show that the pro-posed model outperforms several state-of-the-art image denoising methods both visually and quantitatively.

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9

El Khalil, Abdelouahed. "On a Class of PDE Involving p-Biharmonic Operator." ISRN Mathematical Analysis 2011 (August 8, 2011): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/630745.

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The existence of solution for a fourth-order nonlinear partial differential equation (PDE) class involving p-biharmonic operator Δ(|Δu|p−2Δu)=λρ(x)|u|q−2u in Ω, u=Δu=0, on⁡ ∂Ω, is proved by applying mountain pass theorem and a local minimization.

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10

Mania, M., and R. Tevzadze. "Backward Stochastic PDE and Imperfect Hedging." International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance 06, no. 07 (November 2003): 663–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219024903002122.

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We consider a problem of minimization of a hedging error, measured by a positive convex random function, in an incomplete financial market model, where the dynamics of asset prices is given by an Rd-valued continuous semimartingale. Under some regularity assumptions we derive a backward stochastic PDE for the value function of the problem and show that the strategy is optimal if and only if the corresponding wealth process satisfies a certain forward-SDE. As an example the case of mean-variance hedging is considered.

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Uhl, Kathleen, Anne Trontell, and Dianne Kennedy. "Risk minimization practices for pregnancy prevention: understanding risk, selecting tools." Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety 16, no. 3 (September 5, 2006): 337–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pds.1312.

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12

Panickar, Rema, Wee Kee Wo, Norleen M. Ali, Min Moon Tang, G. R. Letchuman Ramanathan, Adeeba Kamarulzaman, and Zoriah Aziz. "Allopurinol‐induced severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions: Risk minimization measures in Malaysia." Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety 29, no. 10 (October 2020): 1254–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pds.5033.

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13

Gridchyna, Inna, Anne‐Marie Cloutier, Lenhangmbong Nkeng, Camille Craig, Sarah Frise, and Yola Moride. "Methodological gaps in the assessment of risk minimization interventions: a systematic review." Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety 23, no. 6 (February 24, 2014): 572–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pds.3596.

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14

Sorensen, Danny C., and Roland Glowinski. "A quadratically constrained minimization problem arising from PDE of Monge–Ampère type." Numerical Algorithms 53, no. 1 (May 15, 2009): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11075-009-9300-5.

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15

Godsie, M. G., A. P. Gromova, I. V. Oferkin, and P. V. Mironov. "Can local energy minimization refine the PDB structures of different resolution universally?" Biophysics 54, no. 4 (August 2009): 442–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0006350909040071.

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Lakra, Mahima, and Sanjeev Kumar. "Disparity Computation Through PDE and Data-Driven CeNN Technique." Traitement du Signal 38, no. 4 (August 31, 2021): 1051–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ts.380415.

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This paper proposes a variational approach by minimizing the energy functional to compute the disparity from a given pair of consecutive images. The partial differential equation (PDE) is modeled from the energy function to address the minimization problem. We incorporate a distance regularization term in the PDE model to preserve the boundaries' discontinuities. The proposed PDE is numerically solved by a cellular neural network (CeNN) algorithm. This CeNN based scheme is stable and consistent. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is shown by a detailed experimental study along with its superiority over some of the existing algorithms.

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17

Hanif, Atika Umi, Prima Agusti Lukis, and Arif Fadlan. "Pengaruh Minimisasi Energi MMFF94 dengan MarvinSketch dan Open Babel PyRx pada Penambatan Molekular Turunan Oksindola Tersubstitusi." ALCHEMY 8, no. 2 (October 30, 2020): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/al.v8i2.10481.

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In silico technique is widely used for drug discovery because it can predict the conformation of ligands in protein macromolecules and it can calculate the binding affinity. The energy minimization is carried out to make the ligand more stable near the initial state during molecular docking process. The Merck Molecular Force Field (MMFF94) is one type of energy minimization process often used in organic compounds. The molecular docking of substituted oxindole derivatives on indoleamine macromolecules 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO-1, PDB: 2D0T) by MMFF94 minimization operated by MarvinSketch and Open Babel in PyRx showed different results. The binding affinity energy obtained was also quite different, but the ligands have the same conformation and bind the same residue with slightly different bond distances. Keywords: Molecular docking, energy minimization, substituted oxindole, Merck Molecular Force Field 94 Teknik in silico banyak digunakan untuk penemuan senyawa obat karena dapat memprediksi konformasi suatu ligan dalam makromolekul protein dan mampu menghitung nilai afinitas ikatan. Proses minimisasi energi dilakukan untuk menjadikan ligan lebih stabil mendekati keadaan awal selama penambatan molekular berlangsung. Merck Molecular Force Field (MMFF94) adalah salah satu jenis persamaan minimisasi energi yang sering digunakan pada senyawa organik. Hasil pengujian pengaruh minimisasi energi dengan MMFF94 menggunakan program MarvinSketch dan Open Babel dalam PyRx pada turunan oksindola tersubstitusi alkil terhadap makromolekul 2,3-dioxygenase indoleamine (IDO-1, PDB: 2D0T) menunjukkan hasil dengan nilai yang berbeda. Energi afinitas ikatan yang didapatkan juga cukup berbeda, namun ligan memiliki konformasi yang sama dan mengikat residu yang sama dengan jarak ikatan yang sedikit berbeda. Kata kunci: Penambatan molekular, minimisasi energi, oksindola tersubstitusi, Merck Molecular Force Field 94

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18

Dachiraju, Rajesh. "A function fitting method." Journal of Applied Analysis 26, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jaa-2020-2004.

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AbstractIn this article, we describe a function fitting method that has potential applications in machine learning and also prove relevant theorems. The described function fitting method is a convex minimization problem which can be solved using a gradient descent algorithm. We also provide qualitative analysis on fitness to data of this function fitting method. The function fitting problem is also shown to be a solution of a linear, weak partial differential equation (PDE). We describe a simple numerical solution using a gradient descent algorithm that converges uniformly to the actual solution. As the functional of the minimization problem is a quadratic form, there also exists a numerical method using linear algebra.

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19

Schulz, Volker, and Martin Siebenborn. "Computational Comparison of Surface Metrics for PDE Constrained Shape Optimization." Computational Methods in Applied Mathematics 16, no. 3 (July 1, 2016): 485–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cmam-2016-0009.

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AbstractWe compare surface metrics for shape optimization problems with constraints, consisting mainly of partial differential equations (PDE), from a computational point of view. In particular, classical Laplace–Beltrami type metrics are compared with Steklov–Poincaré type metrics. The test problem is the minimization of energy dissipation of a body in a Stokes flow. We therefore set up a quasi-Newton method on appropriate shape manifolds together with an augmented Lagrangian framework, in order to enable a straightforward integration of geometric constraints for the shape. The comparison is focussed towards convergence behavior as well as effects on the mesh quality during shape optimization.

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Kaltenbacher, Barbara, and Kha Van Huynh. "Iterative regularization for constrained minimization formulations of nonlinear inverse problems." Computational Optimization and Applications 81, no. 2 (December 19, 2021): 569–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10589-021-00343-x.

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AbstractIn this paper we study the formulation of inverse problems as constrained minimization problems and their iterative solution by gradient or Newton type methods. We carry out a convergence analysis in the sense of regularization methods and discuss applicability to the problem of identifying the spatially varying diffusivity in an elliptic PDE from different sets of observations. Among these is a novel hybrid imaging technology known as impedance acoustic tomography, for which we provide numerical experiments.

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21

Zhou, Weifeng, and Qingguo Li. "Poisson Noise Removal Scheme Based on Fourth-Order PDE by Alternating Minimization Algorithm." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2012 (2012): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/965281.

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To overcome the staircasing effects introduced by the TV regularization in image restoration, this paper investigates a fourth-order partial differential equation (PDE) filter for removing Poisson noise. In consideration of the slow convergence property of the classical gradient descent method, we adopt the alternating minimization algorithm for realizing this scheme. Compared with the corresponding total variation based one, numerical simulations distinctly indicate the superiority of our proposed strategy in handling smooth regions of Poissonian images and improving the computational speed.

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Udriste, Constantin, Ionel Tevy, and Paun Antonescu. "Optimal Control Problem for Minimization of Net Energy Consumption at Metro." Mathematics 11, no. 4 (February 18, 2023): 1035. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11041035.

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The optimal control currently decides the minimum energy consumption within the problems attached to subways. Among other things, we formulate and solve an optimal bi-control problem, the two controls being the acceleration and the feed-back of a Riemannian connection. The control space is a square, and the optimal controls are of the bang–bang type. The third component of the optimal solution is the maximum value function, as a solution of the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman PDE. The examples of energy optimal trajectories refer to the lines of the Bucharest subway.

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23

Khoirur Rijal, M., Rifda, and Lisa Lisdiana. "Study of The Potential Compound on Leaves of Syzygium samarangense as An Antibacterial to Streptococcus pneumoniae." E3S Web of Conferences 400 (2023): 02008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202340002008.

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Pneumonia is one of the respiratory infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Bacterial resistance problems regarding the treatment of pneumonia can be overcome by exploring active compounds in plants that have potential as antibacterials, one of which is water guava (Syzygium samarangense). This study aims to discover active compounds with the antibacterial potential of S. pneumoniae from water guava leaves (S. samarangense). This study was conducted in September 2022 at Universitas Negeri Surabaya with in silico method (blind molecular docking). The method used in this study was in silico approach, including the collection of proteins and compounds, preparation of proteins and ligands, minimization of compounds, blind molecular docking, and visualization of the results of molecular docking. The results showed that the value of binding affinity and RMSD of PBP-2X protein (PDB ID: 1QME) which binds to 1-methyl ethyl acetate, valeraldehyde, and dibutyl phthalate was -5.6 KJ/mol and 2.575 Å, -5 KJ/mol and 1.373 Å, and -6.7 KJ/mol and 1.637 Å, respectively. The result indicates that the selected compounds have the potential as antibacterial to S. pneumoniae. In the near future, this study requires further in vitro and in vivo testing as a step to validate the activity of the active compound of guava leaves as an antibacterial of S. pneumoniae.

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24

Hiruko, Kurumi, and Shinya Okabe. "Stability analysis on a hybrid PDE–ODE system describing intermittent hormonal therapy of prostate cancer." Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 28, no. 03 (January 16, 2018): 487–523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218202518500136.

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We consider the stability of control prescribed by hybrid PDE–ODE systems modeling intermittent hormonal therapy of prostate cancer. Hybrid systems can be regarded as a generalization of optimal control. However, since the purpose of hybrid systems is not only minimization or maximization of a corresponding functional, it is not clear what is optimal in hybrid systems. In this paper, we shall give a concept of stability of the control prescribed by the hybrid PDE–ODE systems. Moreover, we show a sufficient condition on initial data for the existence of the stable control. Finally, we apply the main result to several mathematical models describing intermittent hormonal therapy of prostate cancer.

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Castellsague, Jordi, Beatriz Poblador-Plou, Maria Giner-Soriano, Marie Linder, Oliver Scholle, Brian Calingaert, Christine Bui, et al. "Effectiveness of risk minimization measures for the use of cilostazol in United Kingdom, Spain, Sweden, and Germany." Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety 27, no. 9 (July 25, 2018): 953–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pds.4584.

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Kaplan, Sigal, Oliver Patino, Carolyn Rainville, and Terri Madison. "Assessment of colistimethate sodium (COLOBREATHE) risk minimization measures implemented in the European Union: A cross‐sectional study." Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety 29, no. 2 (December 9, 2019): 219–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pds.4940.

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27

Krasikov, N. Y. "LEAN MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY AND MINIMIZATION OF LOSSES FROM ACCIDENTS." World of Transport and Transportation 15, no. 3 (June 28, 2017): 188–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2017-15-3-18.

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[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT In railway sector there are many dangerous destabilizing factors. One of the most common problems is collision of a train with a vehicle which is stuck on or entered out of driver’s negligence into a railway crossing. In the article methods of minimization of losses from this type of accidents are considered. They comprise construction of tunnels and overpasses at the intersections of the railway and the road, use of a 3D-laser radar to warn the locomotive crew about the stuck transport. In addition, it is possible to use web cameras, the image from which, using a router installed within 4-5 km far from the crossing, is transferred to the train driver’s cab on a separate display in advance to see the stuck vehicle and to have time to take emergency braking measures. Keywords: lean manufacturing, safety factors, railway crossing, emergency situation, visual perception, 3D-laser radar, web camera.

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Guan, Hongliang. "Application of PDE Constrained Optimization in Internal Combustion Engine Pollution Control." Journal of Mathematics 2023 (February 2, 2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/8413894.

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Aiming at the problem of secondary pollution of waters due to the difficulty of controlling the dosage of purifiers in the treatment of internal combustion engine pollution, a partial differential equation (referred to as PDE) constrained optimization algorithm based on l 1 -norm is proposed. The algorithm first converts the internal combustion engine control model of the scavenger dose into a constrained optimization problem with a l 1 -penalty term. Secondly, it introduces a dose constraint condition based on PDE and uses the inherent property of Moreau-Yosida regularization to establish a smooth minimization function. Finally, the semismooth Newton method is used to iteratively find the optimal solution. The results of the comparison experiment show that the algorithm in this paper has a great improvement in the results of Newton step number and dose area percentage.

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Onyeka, F. C., B. O. Mama, and T. E. Okeke. "Exact Three-Dimensional Stability Analysis of Plate Using an Direct Variational Energy Method." Civil Engineering Journal 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 60–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2022-08-01-05.

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In this paper, direct variational calculus was put into practical use to analyses the three dimensional (3D) stability of rectangular thick plate which was simply supported at all the four edges (SSSS) under uniformly distributed compressive load. In the analysis, both trigonometric and polynomial displacement functions were used. This was done by formulating the equation of total potential energy for a thick plate using the 3D constitutive relations, from then on, the equation of compatibility was obtained to determine the relationship between the rotations and deflection. In the same way, governing equation was obtained through minimization of the total potential energy functional with respect to deflection. The solution of the governing equation is the function for deflection. Functions for rotations were obtained from deflection function using the solution of compatibility equations. These functions, deflection and rotations were substituted back into the energy functional, from where, through minimizations with respect to displacement coefficients, formulas for analysis were obtained. In the result, the critical buckling loads from the present study are higher than those of refined plate theories with 7.70%, signifying the coarseness of the refined plate theories. This amount of difference cannot be overlooked. However, it is shown that, all the recorded average percentage differences between trigonometric and polynomial approaches used in this work and those of 3D exact elasticity theory is lower than 1.0%, confirming the exactness of the present theory. Thus, the exact 3D plate theory obtained, provides a good solution for the stability analysis of plate and, can be recommended for analysis of any type of rectangular plates under the same loading and boundary condition. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-01-05 Full Text: PDF

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Kaya, Kerem Sami, Meltem Akpınar, Bilge Turk, Nurullah Seyhun, Mahmut Cankaya, and Berna Uslu Coskun. "Olfactory Function in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Using Positive Airway Pressure." Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 99, no. 4 (September 29, 2019): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145561319878949.

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Previous studies reported that positive airway pressure (PAP) treatment may improve olfaction function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) through various mechanisms. Olfactory function before and after PAP treatment is understudied regarding patient group at issue. The aim of this study is to investigate the contribution of PAP to olfactory function in patients with OSA. The study was conducted on 26 patients with OSA (10 females and 16 males, mean age 50.1 [9.3] years) who scheduled for PAP treatment. The Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center odor test was performed before and 4 months after PAP treatment. Patients were grouped (normal, anosmia, mild hyposmia, moderate hyposmia, and severe hyposmia) with respect to olfactory function by measuring odor test parameters, including threshold determination and identification. The odor test average scores of the patients after 4-month PAP treatment compared to pretreatment scores were increased and the difference was statistically significant ( P = .002). In the apnea hypopnea index groups, statistically significant difference was found in the threshold and discrimination values regarding before PAP treatment ( P = .038, P = .022, respectively). This study revealed that improvement in olfactory thresholds in patients with OSA receiving PAP treatment seems to improve olfactory dysfunction. This provides minimization of OSA consequences, including progressive upper airway inflammation, cognitive impairment, and associated olfactory dysfunction. Resolving the associations between olfactory function and PAP treatment is an important area for future research.

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NOEL, Fabiana Jung. "THE PRODUCTION ENGINEER'S PERFORMANCE IN THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY." Periódico Tchê Química 06, no. 3 (August 20, 2006): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v3.n06.2006.agosto/4_pgs_32_36.pdf.

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This work will turn on the current requirement of if incorporating in the industrial sector a multifaceted and apt professional in the taking of decisions that can cause increase of the productivity, minimization of residues, adoption of proper technologies and thus handle each time more the Brazilian chemical sector, more properly the south petrochemical sector.

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Prüfert, U., and A. Schiela. "The minimization of a maximum-norm functional subject to an elliptic PDE and state constraints." ZAMM 89, no. 7 (July 15, 2009): 536–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zamm.200800097.

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Bertoni, Alessandro. "MITIGATING UNCERTAINTY IN CONCEPTUAL DESIGN USING OPERATIONAL SCENARIO SIMULATIONS: A DATA-DRIVEN EXTENSION OF THE EVOKE APPROACH." Proceedings of the Design Society 3 (June 19, 2023): 2665–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pds.2023.267.

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AbstractThe paper presents an approach where the iterative replication of Discrete Event Simulations on future operational scenarios is used to derive data-driven design merit functions. The presented contribution proposes an extension of the EVOKE (Early Value Oriented Design Exploration with Knowledge Maturity) approach determining when and how the experience-based judgment about maximization, minimization, optimization, and avoidance functions, correlating value drivers and quantified objectives, can be substituted by data-driven mathematical functions obtained by scenarios simulations. The approach is described through a simplified case concerning the development of autonomous electric vehicles to complement the public transport system in the city of Karlskrona in Sweden. The consideration of value drivers and quantified objectives presented is meant to support a preliminary screening of potential design configurations to support the definition of high-level product and system-related functional requirements, to be run before a more detailed conceptual design analysis.

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Ferone, A., A. Mercaldo, and S. Segura de León. "A singular elliptic equation and a related functional." ESAIM: Control, Optimisation and Calculus of Variations 27 (2021): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/cocv/2021037.

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We study a class of Dirichlet boundary value problems whose prototype is [see formula in PDF] where 0 < p < 1 and f belongs to a suitable Lebesgue space. The main features of this problem are the presence of a singular term |u|p−2u and a datum f which possibly changes its sign. We introduce a notion of solution in this singular setting and we prove an existence result for such a solution. The motivation of our notion of solution to problem above is due to a minimization problem for a non–differentiable functional on [see formula in PDF] whose formal Euler–Lagrange equation is an equation of that type. For nonnegative solutions a uniqueness result is obtained.

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Bagchi Misra, Arundhati, Chartese Jones, and Hyeona Lim. "Edge Enhancing Accelerated Diffusion Model for Speckle Denoising in Medical Imagery." ITM Web of Conferences 29 (2019): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20192901009.

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Speckle noise occurs in a wide range of medical images due to sampling and digital degradation. Removing speckle noise from medical images is the key for further automated processing techniques like segmentation, and can help the clinicians with better diagnosis and therapy. We consider partial differential equation (PDE)-based denoising model which is a modified Euler-Lagrange equation derived from the total variation minimization functional with additional speckle noise constraints. The new PDE model is designed and optimized to rectify speckle noise and enhance edges present in medical imagery. Wealso develop the efficicient and stable discretization techniques for the corresponding speckle denoising model. The method is tested for several types of images including ultrasound images, and it is compared favorably to the conventional denoising model.

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Bhattacharya, Abhishek, Zhenyu Yang, and Deng Pan. "Query Adaptation Techniques in Temporal-DHT for P2P Media Streaming Applications." International Journal of Multimedia Data Engineering and Management 3, no. 3 (July 2012): 45–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jmdem.2012070103.

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Peer-to-Peer (P2P)-based approach for on-demand video streaming systems (P2P-VoD) characterized by asynchronous user-interactivity has proven to be practical and effective in recent years with real-world Internet-scale deployment (Huang, Li, & Ross, 2007). Current state-of-art P2P-VoD systems employ tracker server for discovering content suppliers which poses scalability and bottleneck issues. Temporal-DHT is a structured P2P based approach which can efficiently accommodate the large number of update operations with the continuous change of user’s playing position and supporting asynchronous jumps (Bhattacharya, Yang, & Zhang, 2010). The authors propose different query adaptation strategies based upon content popularity distributions and shortage bandwidth ratios which are proved to be effective in improving the performance of P2P streaming system by deriving certain optimized solutions. They formulate valuable optimization problems in the context of a P2P-VoD system such as minimization of query search cost, server bandwidth consumption, and a joint cost-load framework. The authors provide optimized solutions that achieve the best result for the above mentioned optimization objectives. They show extensive simulation studies under various scenarios of search cost, streaming quality, and other associated factors in a dynamic network environment where users are free to asynchronously join/leave the system.

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Bredies, Kristian, and David Vicente. "A perfect reconstruction property for PDE-constrained total-variation minimization with application in Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping." ESAIM: Control, Optimisation and Calculus of Variations 25 (2019): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/cocv/2018009.

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We study the recovery of piecewise constant functions of finite bounded variation (BV) from their image under a linear partial differential operator with unknown boundary conditions. It is shown that minimizing the total variation (TV) semi-norm subject to the associated PDE-constraints yields perfect reconstruction up to a global constant under a mild geometric assumption on the jump set of the function to reconstruct. The proof bases on establishing a structural result about the jump set associated with BV-solutions of the homogeneous PDE. Furthermore, we show that the geometric assumption is satisfied up to a negligible set of orthonormal transformations. The results are then applied to Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) which can be formulated as solving a two-dimensional wave equation with unknown boundary conditions. This yields in particular that total variation regularization is able to reconstruct piecewise constant susceptibility distributions, explaining the high-quality results obtained with TV-based techniques for QSM.

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Arbanas, Goran, Jinghua Feng, Zia J. Clifton, Andrew M. Holcomb, Marco T. Pigni, Dorothea Wiarda, Christopher W. Chapman, Vladimir Sobes, Li Emily Liu, and Yaron Danon. "Bayesian optimization of generalized data." EPJ Nuclear Sciences & Technologies 4 (2018): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjn/2018038.

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Direct application of Bayes' theorem to generalized data yields a posterior probability distribution function (PDF) that is a product of a prior PDF of generalized data and a likelihood function, where generalized data consists of model parameters, measured data, and model defect data. The prior PDF of generalized data is defined by prior expectation values and a prior covariance matrix of generalized data that naturally includes covariance between any two components of generalized data. A set of constraints imposed on the posterior expectation values and covariances of generalized data via a given model is formally solved by the method of Lagrange multipliers. Posterior expectation values of the constraints and their covariance matrix are conventionally set to zero, leading to a likelihood function that is a Dirac delta function of the constraining equation. It is shown that setting constraints to values other than zero is analogous to introducing a model defect. Since posterior expectation values of any function of generalized data are integrals of that function over all generalized data weighted by the posterior PDF, all elements of generalized data may be viewed as nuisance parameters marginalized by this integration. One simple form of posterior PDF is obtained when the prior PDF and the likelihood function are normal PDFs. For linear models without a defect this PDF becomes equivalent to constrained least squares (CLS) method, that is, the χ2 minimization method.

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Salem, Linda, Alexandre Malouvier, Jon Blatchford, Elena Rivero‐Ferrer, Nicolas Deltour, and Emmanuelle Jacquot. "Ivabradine drug utilization study in five European countries: A multinational, retrospective, observational study to assess effectiveness of risk‐minimization measures." Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety 28, no. 11 (September 4, 2019): 1470–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pds.4880.

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Wang, Shou-Lei, Yu-Fei Yang, and Yu-Hua Zeng. "The Adjoint Method for the Inverse Problem of Option Pricing." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/314104.

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The estimation of implied volatility is a typical PDE inverse problem. In this paper, we propose theTV-L1model for identifying the implied volatility. The optimal volatility function is found by minimizing the cost functional measuring the discrepancy. The gradient is computed via the adjoint method which provides us with an exact value of the gradient needed for the minimization procedure. We use the limited memory quasi-Newton algorithm (L-BFGS) to find the optimal and numerical examples shows the effectiveness of the presented method.

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Grinberga-Zalite, Gunta, and Andra Zvirbule. "Analysis of Waste Minimization Challenges to European Food Production Enterprises." Emerging Science Journal 6, no. 3 (April 19, 2022): 530–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/esj-2022-06-03-08.

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Economic growth increases the pressure on environmental issues, thus highlighting the importance of waste minimization processes. The waste management approaches in most European countries have so far been relatively little studied and compared at the micro level. The main objective of the current research is to analyze the challenges of waste minimization in European food industry enterprises and identify good practices in the selected countries. The research used a mixed-method methodology, combining both qualitative and quantitative methods, thus providing an in-depth insight into food enterprises’ efforts to reduce their production waste and use their resources more efficiently. The main data collection methods used for the study were secondary data research, discourse analysis, case studies, and focus group interviews. The analysis of the food waste management applications in the European countries’ food sub-sectors leads to the conclusion that since the national initiatives and success factors vary between the countries, it is important to invent such national food waste management systems that are economically justified and technically available for all enterprises regardless of their food waste production volumes. It is also necessary to raise awareness of the strategies that food industry employers, employees, and consumers can use to reduce their waste and thus promote a waste minimization culture in Europe. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-03-08 Full Text: PDF

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Mbow, Mouhamadou Mansour, Philippe René Marin, Nicolas Perry, Frédéric Vignat, and Christelle Grandvallet. "KNOWLEDGE-BASED EVALUATION OF PART ORIENTATION DESIRABILITY IN POWDER BED FUSION ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING." Proceedings of the Design Society 1 (July 27, 2021): 1957–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pds.2021.457.

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AbstractIn powder bed fusion (PBF) additive manufacturing, the definition of part orientation is one of the most important steps as it affects the quality, the cost and the build time of products. Different works already attempted to propose methodologies for the assessment of optimal build orientation based on criteria such as the minimization of support volume. Elicitation works with industry experts have shown that they use much more varied rules to determine the orientation of parts. For instance, they do not treat the different surfaces of the part the same way (e.g., experts state that “priority surfaces of the part must be oriented close to vertical”). Today, the available tools do not allow integrating these kind of specifications. This paper discusses a knowledge-based methodology for the evaluation of part candidate orientations in PBF. Desirability function approach is used to translate companies’ expertise in the form action rules into mathematical functions that are tested on geometries to provide metrics for assisting the decision-making. A case study is presented to illustrate the use of this desirability function approach on complex part orientation problem.

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Данилкович, А. В., and A. V. Danilkovich. "Application of Taguchi Method for Optimization of the Peptide Ligand Structure." Mathematical Biology and Bioinformatics 11, no. 2 (December 8, 2016): 385–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17537/2016.11.385.

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Taguchi method was used to optimize peptide ligand structure using the H-2/TCR complex (PDB ID 2Z31). This approach greatly reduces the number of experiments that are required to analyze the contribution of various amino acid residues for each position into ligand molecule. Taguchi matrix was used to design a set of peptide ligands for molecular docking and molecular mechanics energy minimization. This approach allowed creating a new peptide structure with lower molecular mechanics energy than native peptide and demonstrates the applicability of the Taguchi method for peptide ligand optimization.

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Bonder, Julián Fernández, Zhiwei Cheng, and Hayk Mikayelyan. "Optimal rearrangement problem and normalized obstacle problem in the fractional setting." Advances in Nonlinear Analysis 9, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 1592–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/anona-2020-0067.

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Abstract We consider an optimal rearrangement minimization problem involving the fractional Laplace operator (–Δ)s, 0 < s < 1, and the Gagliardo seminorm |u|s. We prove the existence of the unique minimizer, analyze its properties as well as derive the non-local and highly non-linear PDE it satisfies $$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle -(-{\it\Delta})^s U-\chi_{\{U\leq 0\}}\min\{-(-{\it\Delta})^s U^+;1\}=\chi_{\{U \gt 0\}}, \end{array}$$ which happens to be the fractional analogue of the normalized obstacle problem Δu = χ{u>0}.

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SOUZA, Daniel Maia de, Haroldo dos Santos RIZZO, Elaine Ferreira TÔRRES, and Alexandre Rodrigues TÔRRES. "OPTIMIZATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS MINIMIZATION OF EFFLUENT GENERATION AND WATER CAPTURE IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES." Periódico Tchê Química 05, no. 9 (January 20, 2008): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v5.n09.2008.janeiro/1_pgs_5_12.pdf.

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The main issue of this work is water reuse. The methodology was tested with the aim of reduce simultaneously the water demand and the generated effluent. This work intends supply a tool to the sustainable development related to the water use management. MathCAD® and EXCEL® were used like computational resource to necessary mathematical calculations. The supplement SOLVER® of the EXCEL® was able to find the optimal configuration to the tested system and scenario, such as a linear programming problem. A simple algorithm used to find the pinch point of the system was programmed in MathCAD®. Moreover, the worksheet supplies the distribution of reused water along the system, too. The results of three cases were showed: two based on cited articles and one proposed by the authors. The used approach was successful in all studied cases.

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Berninger, Heiko, Mario Ohlberger, Oliver Sander, and Kathrin Smetana. "Unsaturated subsurface flow with surface water and nonlinear in- and outflow conditions." Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 24, no. 05 (March 3, 2014): 901–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218202513500711.

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We analytically and numerically analyze groundwater flow in a homogeneous soil described by the Richards equation, coupled to surface water represented by a set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) on parts of the domain boundary, and with nonlinear outflow conditions of Signorini's type. The coupling of the partial differential equation (PDE) and the ODE's is given by nonlinear Robin boundary conditions. This paper provides two major new contributions regarding these infiltration conditions. First, an existence result for the continuous coupled problem is established with the help of a regularization technique. Second, we analyze and validate a solver-friendly discretization of the coupled problem based on an implicit–explicit time discretization and on finite elements in space. The discretized PDE leads to convex spatial minimization problems which can be solved efficiently by monotone multigrid. Numerical experiments are provided using the DUNE numerics framework.

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Bevilacqua, Micheli U., Linda Turnbull, Sushila Saunders, Lee Er, Helen Chiu, Penny Hill, Rajinder S. Singh, et al. "Evaluation of A 12-Month Pilot of Long-Term and Temporary Assisted Peritoneal Dialysis." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 37, no. 3 (May 2017): 307–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3747/pdi.2016.00201.

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Background Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is challenging for patients with functional limitations, and assisted PD can support these patients, but previous reports of assisted PD have not examined the role of temporary assisted PD and had difficulty identifying adequate comparator cohorts. Methods Peritoneal Dialysis Assist (PDA), a 12-month pilot of long-term and temporary assisted PD was completed in multiple PD centers in British Columbia, Canada. Continuous cycler PD (CCPD) patients were identified for PDA by standardized criteria, and service could be long-term or temporary/respite. The PDA program provided daily assistance with cycler dismantle and setup, but patients remained responsible for cycler connections and treatment decisions. Outcomes were compared against both the general CCPD population and patients who met PDA criteria but were not enrolled (PDA-eligible). Results Fifty-three PDA patients had an 88% 1-year death- and transplant-censored technique survival that was similar to the general CCPD cohort (84%) and PDA-eligible cohort (86%). The PDA cohort had lower peritonitis rates (0.18 episodes/patient-year vs 0.22 and 0.36, respectively), but higher hospitalization (55% vs 34% and 35%, respectively). Long-term PDA cost approximately CDN$15,000/year in addition to existing dialysis costs. A total of 8/11 respite PDA patients (73%) returned to self-care PD after a median PDA use of 29 days, which costs $1,250/patient. Conclusions Peritoneal Dialysis Assist provides effective support to functionally-limited CCPD patients and yields acceptable clinical outcomes. The program costs less than transfer to HD or long-term care, which represents cost minimization for failing self-care PD patients. Respite PDA provides effective temporary support; most patients returned to self-care PD and service was cost-effective compared with alternatives of hospitalization or transfer to HD.

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von Bredow, Dorothea, Massoud Toussi, Abdus Samad, Sigal Kaplan, Mónika Domahidy, Hanka de Voogd, Stella Böhmert, Rita Silveira Ramos, and Deepa Arora. "Evaluation of the effectiveness of risk minimization measures for trimetazidine: A cross sectional joint PASS survey among physicians in selected European countries." Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety 27, no. 12 (October 31, 2018): 1385–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pds.4675.

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Fuhg, J. N., A. Karmarkar, T. Kadeethum, H. Yoon, and N. Bouklas. "Deep convolutional Ritz method: parametric PDE surrogates without labeled data." Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 44, no. 7 (July 2023): 1151–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10483-023-2992-6.

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AbstractThe parametric surrogate models for partial differential equations (PDEs) are a necessary component for many applications in computational sciences, and the convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have proven to be an excellent tool to generate these surrogates when parametric fields are present. CNNs are commonly trained on labeled data based on one-to-one sets of parameter-input and PDE-output fields. Recently, residual-based deep convolutional physics-informed neural network (DCPINN) solvers for parametric PDEs have been proposed to build surrogates without the need for labeled data. These allow for the generation of surrogates without an expensive offline-phase. In this work, we present an alternative formulation termed deep convolutional Ritz method (DCRM) as a parametric PDE solver. The approach is based on the minimization of energy functionals, which lowers the order of the differential operators compared to residual-based methods. Based on studies involving the Poisson equation with a spatially parameterized source term and boundary conditions, we find that CNNs trained on labeled data outperform DCPINNs in convergence speed and generalization abilities. The surrogates generated from the DCRM, however, converge significantly faster than their DCPINN counterparts, and prove to generalize faster and better than the surrogates obtained from both CNNs trained on labeled data and DCPINNs. This hints that the DCRM could make PDE solution surrogates trained without labeled data possibly.

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Kim, Nam-Yong. "A PDF-distance minimization algorithm for blind equalization for underwater communication channels with multipath and impulsive noise." Journal of the Korean Institute of Information and Communication Engineering 15, no. 2 (February 28, 2011): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.6109/jkiice.2011.15.2.299.

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