Relevant bibliographies by topics / PCR

Academic literature on the topic 'PCR'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "PCR"

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Al-Sehemi, Abdullah G., Tarek M. El-Gogary, Karl Peter Wolschann, and Gottfried Koehler. "Structure and Stability of Chemically Modified DNA Bases: Quantum Chemical Calculations on 16 Isomers of Diphosphocytosine." ISRN Physical Chemistry 2013 (February 25, 2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/146401.

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We studied for the first time 16 tautomers/rotamers of diphosphocytosine by four computational methods. Some of these tautomers/rotamers are isoenergetic although they have different structures. High-level electron correlation MP2 and MP4(SDQ) ab initio methods and density functional methods employing a B3LYP and the new M06-2X functional were used to study the structure and relative stability of 16 tautomers/rotamers of diphosphocytosine. The dienol tautomers of diphosphocytosine are shown to be much more stable than the keto-enol and diketo forms. The tautomers/rotamers stability could be ranked as PC3 = PC12 < PC2 = PC11 < PC1 < PC10 < PC8 < PC9 < PC15 < PC16 < PC6 ~ PC7 < PC13 < PC4 ~ PC14 < PC5. This stability order was discussed in the light of stereo and electronic factors. Solvation effect has been modeled in a high dielectric solvent, water using the polarized continuum model (PCM). Consideration of the solvent causes some reordering of the relative stability of diphosphocytosine tautomers: PC3 ~ PC12 ~ PC2 ~ PC11 < PC1 < PC10 < PC8 < PC9 < PC15 ~ PC16 < PC13 < PC6 ~ PC7 ~ PC14 < PC4 ~ PC5.
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Freyer, C., L. M. Kilpatrick, L. A. Salamonsen, and G. Nie. "Pro-protein convertases (PCs) other than PC6 are not tightly regulated for implantation in the human endometrium." Reproduction 133, no. 6 (June 2007): 1189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-06-0285.

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Pro-protein convertases (PCs) are a family of serine proteases (furin, PC1/3, PC2, PACE4, PC4, PC5/6, PC7/8) responsible for post-translational processing and activation of inactive precursors of many regulatory proteins. Endometrial PC6 is critical for implantation in mice and for decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). This study investigated the endometrial expression of other PCs during the menstrual cycle and early pregnancy to elucidate potential redundancies. Furin, PC4, PACE4, and PC7 along with PC6 transcripts were detected in total endometrial RNA, whereas PC1 and PC2 transcription levels were negligible. Quantitative RT-PCR demonstrated highest levels of furin mRNA during menstruation and lowest levels during the proliferative phase. Furin protein was immunolocalized in endometrial luminal and glandular epithelia, stromal fibroblasts, endothelia, and leukocytes. PACE4 and PC7 proteins were also immunodetected in endometrial stroma and glands. Total furin, PC7, and PACE4 proteins were constitutive in both stromal and glandular compartments throughout the cycle and during first trimester pregnancy. Furthermore, Furin and PC7 transcription was unaltered during decidualization of ESCsin vitroin contrast to PC6 which is significantly up-regulated during decidualization. Thus, whereas PC6 is tightly regulated during endometrial preparation for implantation, furin, PACE4, and PC7 are constitutively expressed in human endometrium, but must be considered if PC6 is to be targeted for manipulation of fertility.
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Yang, Sheng Long, Yang Wu, Cui Hua Wang, Hong Xia Yu, and Lian Sheng Wang. "Genetic Algorithm Applied to the Selection of Factors in Principal Component: ASQR Study of Aromatic Hydrocarbons Toxicity to Chlorella Vulgaris." Applied Mechanics and Materials 321-324 (June 2013): 2065–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.321-324.2065.

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Marine ecosystems are affected by aromatic hydrocarbons. The predicting ability based on the quantitative structureactivity relationships (QSAR) model of unknown aromatic hydrocarbons toxicity is one of the tasks of security precaution. To establish the QSAR model between the physical and chemical properties of aromatic hydrocarbons and the inhibited activity of Chlorella vulgaris(C. Vulgaris), the optimized geometries, based on the 96 hr-EC50 of 25 aromatic hydrocarbons with C. Vulgaris were carried out at the B3LYP/6-311G** level by density functional theory (DFT) calculation. With matlab2 010(a) software, genetic algorithm principal components regression (GAPCR) methods was used to develop the QSAR model and compared to traditional PCR model. PC1+PC3+PC5+PC6+PC8 were finally selected by GAPCR method. The of training, prediction data set and LOO cross validation are 0.918, 0.956 and 0.933, respectively. Meanwhile, the results of PCR were 0.949, 0.755 and 0.825, respectively. The results of this work showed that the GAPCR method has great results and good generalization capability. Comparing two motheds results indicting that GAPCR gives superior results to traditional PCR procedure.
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Gibson, Sigrid, and Margaret Ashwell. "Dietary patterns among British adults: compatibility with dietary guidelines for salt/sodium, fat, saturated fat and sugars." Public Health Nutrition 14, no. 8 (May 6, 2011): 1323–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980011000875.

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AbstractObjectiveTo examine dietary patterns among British adults, associations with Na and macronutrient intakes, and implications for dietary advice.DesignPrincipal component analysis of 7 d weighed dietary records.SubjectsAdults aged 19–64 years (n 1724).SettingNational Diet and Nutrition Survey (2000/2001).ResultsHigh Na intake was associated with more energy-dense diets, higher in fat and SFA (percentage of energy) but lower in non-milk extrinsic sugars (NMES). Eight patterns (PC1 to PC8) explained 40 % of the total variance in food intakes. Three patterns – PC3 (high loadings on bread, fats and cheese), PC2 (meat products, eggs and chips) and PC7 (red meat, sauces and alcohol) – were associated with high Na intake. Of these, PC3 correlated with high Na density and Na:K ratio, while PC2 correlated with fat. By contrast, three patterns – ‘health-conscious’ (PC1; vegetables, fruit, fruit juice, fish), ‘breakfast cereals and milk’ (PC6) and ‘chicken and rice’ (PC8) – were associated with modest Na intake, lower Na density and lower fat and SFA. PC2 was positively correlated, and PC1 was negatively correlated, with adding salt to food. Other patterns were ‘tea/coffee and cakes’ (PC4; associated with high SFA and NMES) and ‘soft drinks and snacks’ (PC5; associated with high NMES but not fat or SFA). The dietary patterns of males and females differed slightly.ConclusionsDietary patterns PC1, PC6, PC8 (vegetables, fruit, fish, milk, breakfast cereals, poultry) were broadly compatible with guidelines for salt, fat, SFA and NMES. However, other patterns tended to be high in either salt or NMES.
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Jensen, Matt, Trent Stellingwerff, Courtney Pollock, James Wakeling, and Marc Klimstra. "Can Principal Component Analysis Be Used to Explore the Relationship of Rowing Kinematics and Force Production in Elite Rowers during a Step Test? A Pilot Study." Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction 5, no. 1 (February 17, 2023): 237–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/make5010015.

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Investigating the relationship between the movement patterns of multiple limb segments during the rowing stroke on the resulting force production in elite rowers can provide foundational insight into optimal technique. It can also highlight potential mechanisms of injury and performance improvement. The purpose of this study was to conduct a kinematic analysis of the rowing stroke together with force production during a step test in elite national-team heavyweight men to evaluate the fundamental patterns that contribute to expert performance. Twelve elite heavyweight male rowers performed a step test on a row-perfect sliding ergometer [5 × 1 min with 1 min rest at set stroke rates (20, 24, 28, 32, 36)]. Joint angle displacement and velocity of the hip, knee and elbow were measured with electrogoniometers, and force was measured with a tension/compression force transducer in line with the handle. To explore interactions between kinematic patterns and stroke performance variables, joint angular velocities of the hip, knee and elbow were entered into principal component analysis (PCA) and separate ANCOVAs were run for each performance variable (peak force, impulse, split time) with dependent variables, and the kinematic loading scores (Kpc,ls) as covariates with athlete/stroke rate as fixed factors. The results suggested that rowers’ kinematic patterns respond differently across varying stroke rates. The first seven PCs accounted for 79.5% (PC1 [26.4%], PC2 [14.6%], PC3 [11.3%], PC4 [8.4%], PC5 [7.5%], PC6 [6.5%], PC7 [4.8%]) of the variances in the signal. The PCs contributing significantly (p ≤ 0.05) to performance metrics based on PC loading scores from an ANCOVA were (PC1, PC2, PC6) for split time, (PC3, PC4, PC5, PC6) for impulse, and (PC1, PC6, PC7) for peak force. The significant PCs for each performance measure were used to reconstruct the kinematic patterns for split time, impulse and peak force separately. Overall, PCA was able to differentiate between rowers and stroke rates, and revealed features of the rowing-stroke technique correlated with measures of performance that may highlight meaningful technique-optimization strategies. PCA could be used to provide insight into differences in kinematic strategies that could result in suboptimal performance, potential asymmetries or to determine how well a desired technique change has been accomplished by group and/or individual athletes.
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Bijarania, Subhash, Anil Pandey, Mainak Barman, Monika Shahani, and Gharsi Ram. "Assesment of divergence among soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] genotypes based on phenological and physiological traits." Environment Conservation Journal 23, no. 1&2 (February 11, 2022): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.36953/ecj.021808-2117.

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A study was conducted to understand genetic divergence in Randomized complete block design accommodating 30 soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] genotypes randomly in three replications. These genotypes were evaluated for twenty-seven traits: five phenological, nine agro-morphological, eight physiological traits (from field-trial) and five physiological traits (from laboratory experiment) recorded and subjected to PCA (Principal Component Analysis) and cluster analysis. Among all the studied cultivars, significant diversity, as well as analysis of dispersion, was recorded for different agro-morphological characters. D2-statistic (Tocher method) framed (generalized distance-based) nine clusters: largest with eight and five were oligo-genotypic. Harvest index>seed yield per plant>germination relative index>seedling dry weight contributed maximum towards total divergence. From the most divergent clusters, 21 crosses involving cluster v genotypes (PS-1347, RKS-18, PS-1092, NRC-142, VLS-94, NRC-136, and Shalimar Soybean-1) with monogenotypic cluster VII (AMS-2014), VIII (RSC-11-15) and III (RSC-10-71) suggested for future hybridization. Out of eighteen, only eight principal components revealed more than 1.00 eigen value and exhibited about 85.03% variability among the traits studied. The highest variability (25.41%) by PC1 followed by PC2 (15.60%), PC3 (12.35%), PC4 (10.13%), PC5 (7.20%), PC6 (5.43%), PC7 (4.80%) and PC8 (4.11%) for characters under study.
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Kwon, Ki-Rok, Seung-Il Baek, and Suk-Ho Choi. "Identification of Fel ursi and Cattle and Pig Bile Juices by speciesspecific PCR and PCR-RFLP." Journal of Korean Institute of Herbal Acupuncture 12, no. 1 (March 30, 2009): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3831/kpi.2009.12.1.013.

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Alkhasawneh, Mutasem Shabeb. "Software Defect Prediction through Neural Network and Feature Selections." Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing 2022 (September 26, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2581832.

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Software failure such as software defect causes billion of dollar loss every year. Software failure also affects billion of people worldwide. Inadequate software testing can cause software failure. To predict the software defect, this study proposed a model consisting of feature selection and classifications. The correlation base method was used for feature selection, and radial base function neural network (RBF) was used for classification. Also, for testing the proposed system, fourteen NASA data sets were used including CM1, JM1, KC1, KC2, KC3, KC4, MC1, MC2, MW1, PC1, PC2, PC3, PC4, and PC5. The data set was divided using the well-known K-cross-validation methods which were performed to divide the data set for training and testing the RBF. The RBF were trained and tested before and after feature selections. Precision, recall, F-measure, and accuracy are four methods used to evaluate the performance of the proposed methods. The precision obtained for the fourteen data sets was CM1, 94.01%; JM1, 85.18%; KC1, 83.24%; KC2, 81.27%; KC3, 79.30%; KC4, 85.29%; MC1, 99.89%; MC2, 73.27%; MW1, 90.90%; PC1, 98.79%; PC2, 100%; PC3, 95.67%; PC4, 95.12%; and PC5, 80.89%. Recall was as follows: CM1, 95.78%; JM1, 87.89%; KC1, 86.24%; KC2, 83.82%; KC3, 82.10%; KC4, 86.28%; MC1, 100%; MC2, 76.67%; MW1, 92.09%; PC1, 99.98%; PC2, 100%; PC3, 96.23%; PC4, 95.17%; and PC5, 81.80%. F-measure was as follows: CM1, 0.95; JM1, 0.87; KC1, 0.83; KC2, 0.82; KC3, 0.85; KC4, 0.86; MC1, 0.99; MC2, 0.76; MW1, 0.95; PC1, 0.99; PC2, 0.99; PC3, 0.97; PC4, 0.95; and PC5, 0.80. The accuracy obtained was as follows: CM1, 93.99%; JM1, 84.87%; KC1, 83.25%; KC2, 79.11%; KC3, 78.25%; KC4, 83.18%; MC1, 99.01%; MC2, 70.18%; MW1, 88.90%; PC1, 98.99%; PC2, 99.80%; PC3, 94.11%; PC4, 94.4%; and PC5, 79.02%. The proposed method results were compared with the result obtained from different methods. The proposed model obtained better results than other methods for data set CM1, KC4, MC1, PC1, PC2, PC3, PC4, and PC5.
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Kondi, Ravi, Sonali Kar, and Soumya Surakanti. "Agro-morphological and biochemical characterization and principal component analysis for yield and quality characters in fine-scented rice genotypes." Genetika 54, no. 3 (2022): 1005–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr2203005k.

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Forty-one fine-scented rice genotypes were evaluated for 18 agro-morphological and quality characters for characterization, and 21 quantitative characters were evaluated for principal component analysis in R-studio software. Characterization of agro-morphological traits viz., plant height, days to 50% flowering, panicle length, number of effective tillers per plant, test weight, grain length, grain breadth, grain L: B ratio, kernel length, kernel breadth, kernel dimensions, awns, colour of awns, distribution of awns, and quality traits viz., alkali spreading value, gel consistency, grain aroma, and amylose content showed huge diversity among the genotypes. PCA revealed that PC1 showed the highest amount of variance (32.0%) followed by PC2 (15.7%), PC3 (9.0%), PC4 (8.1%), PC5 (7.8%), PC6 (5.4%) for quantitative characters. Out of 21 principal components, only 6 showed an eigenvalue greater than 1 and contributes about 78.1% total variance Genotypes in PC1 showed higher values for grain L: B ratio and kernel L: B ratio. Similarly, PC2 showed higher variable values for characters like test weight, kernel length, grain length, grain breadth, alkali spreading value, grain yield per plot and amylose content. PC3 for harvest index, panicle length, gel consistency, no. of effective tillers per plant and head rice recovery. PC4 for characters like plant height, kernel breadth and days to 50% flowering. PC5 for characters like kernel elongation ratio, and filled grains per panicle. PC6 for characters like no. of tillers in a square meter and no. of panicles in a square meter. This pre-breeding characterization study may be useful in finding potential genotypes which are having both yield and quality characters which may be useful in breeding for high-yielding varieties with good-quality characters.
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Cobos Cuesta, R. "Postoperative PCR." Cirugía Andaluza 31, no. 4 (November 10, 2020): 512–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.37351/2020314.9.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "PCR"

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Jeannot, Anne-Cécile. "Diagnostic des infections grippales par PCR temps réel." Bordeaux 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR2P040.

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Rozales, Franciéli Pedrotti. "Real time-pcr e nested-pcr no diagnóstico da tuberculose pulmonar." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/72990.

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A tuberculose (TB) é um importante problema de saúde pública, portanto, é necessário o desenvolvimento de novas ferramentas para a detecção rápida e confiável do Mycobacterium tuberculosis, prevenindo a transmissão da TB. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar dois testes moleculares para detecção de bactérias do Complexo Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTBC) diretamente de amostras clínicas. Foi realizado um estudo transversal, no qual foram selecionadas 124 amostras respiratórias. As amostras foram avaliadas por dois testes moleculares “in house” para detecção do MTBC: NESTED-PCR (NPCR) e Real Time PCR (RT-PCR) ambos com primers para o IS6110. As amostras também foram avaliadas por um teste direto (pesquisa de BAAR). Os resultados foram comparados com a cultura para M.tuberculosis e também com os resultados da cultura juntamente com dados clínicos. Uma amostra comercial com quantificação de DNA conhecida foi utilizada para determinação do Limite de Detecção (LOD) dos testes moleculares. O LOD foi de 1 cópia/μL para o RT-PCR e de 25 cópias/μL para o NPCR. O BAAR apresentou baixa sensibilidade - SE - (40%) e alta especificidade - SP - (94%). Ambos os ensaios moleculares, apresentaram elevada SE e SP (RT-PCR 98% e 91%, NPCR 86% e 93%, respectivamente) em relação à cultura. Quando comparamos os resultados frente a cultura juntamente com os dados clínicos, a SE e a SP foram de 90% e 97% para a RT-PCR e de 80% e 99% para a NPCR, respectivamente. Houve um pequeno decréscimo da SE dos métodos moleculares, quando comparados com a cultura mais os dados clínicos em relação à cultura isoladamente, no entanto, a SP foi consideravelmente elevada para os três métodos avaliados. Avaliamos o custo dos insumos para os ensaios moleculares: o custo do NPCR foi de $ 17.77/teste enquanto que o custo do RT-PCR foi de $ 15.76/teste. Em relação ao tempo de execução dos testes o RT-PCR foi mais rápido (2 horas) do que o NPCR (4 horas). Este estudo confirma que técnicas de PCRs podem ser muito úteis para o diagnóstico rápido da TB respiratória, com altas taxas de SP. Ele também pode ser muito importante para a exclusão de diagnóstico, considerando o alto VPN encontrados no nosso estudo. Os resultados demonstraram que os ensaios moleculares visando IS6110 do M. tuberculosis podem ajudar a melhorar o diagnóstico da TB pulmonar, com muitos potenciais efeitos positivos para a gestão clínica e de controle da doença.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains as an important public health problem worldwide. Therefore, the rapid detection of M. tuberculosis is of primary importance to effectively reduce transmission among patients. The aims of this study were to evaluate two molecular tests to detect M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC) directly from clinical samples. The study included 124 respiratory samples which were evaluated by two in house molecular assays for MTBC detection: Nested PCR (NPCR) and Real Time PCR (RT-PCR). The respiratory samples were also evaluated by the direct test (AFB assay). The results were compared with the results of culture and also compared with the culture results plus clinical data of patients. We used a commercial DNA sample with known quantification to establish the Limit of Detection (LOD). The LOD was 1 copy/μL for RT-PCR and 25 copies/μL for NPCR. The AFB assay presented low sensitivity – SE - (40%) and a high specificity - SP – (94%). Both molecular assays, RT-PCR and NPCR presented high SE and SP (RT-PCR 98% and 91%, NPCR 86% and 93%, respectively) compared to culture. When the results of the molecular tests were compared to the culture plus clinical data the SE and SP were 90,20% and 97,26% for RT-PCR and 80,39% and 98,63% for the NPCR, respectively. It was possible to observe a slight decrease of SE of the molecular methods in comparison to culture plus clinical data in relation to culture; however, the SP was increased, since many cases of TB could not be confirmed by culture. Furthermore we evaluated the cost of molecular assays: the NPCR cost was $17.77/test while the RT-PCR cost was $15.76/test. The RT-PCR test was faster (2 hours) than the NPCR (4 hours) to be performed. Our study confirms that PCRs may be useful for rapid diagnosis of respiratory TB, with high SP rates. It may also be very important to exclude such diagnosis, considering the high NPV found in our study. In summary, PCRs targeting IS6110 of MTB improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of pulmonary TB, with many potential positive effects for clinical management and control of the disease.
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Ogorzaly, Leslie. "Intérêt du génotypage des phages ARN F-spécifiques pour estimer la pollution fécale et virale des eaux." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN10025/document.

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Les bactériophages ARN F-spécifiques sont des virus qui infectent Escherichia coli et possèdent une structure et une taille comparables à celles des principaux virus entériques pathogènes. Ils sont proposés comme indicateurs de pollution fécale du milieu hydrique, comme modèles du comportement des virus pathogènes dans l’environnement et comme outil de discrimination de l’origine de la pollution fécale. En effet, dans les eaux usées, il a été rapporté que les génogroupes II et III avaient principalement une origine humaine alors que les génogroupes I et IV avaient, quant à eux, plutôt une origine animale. Paradoxalement, peu de données existent quant à la répartition des différents génogroupes dans les eaux naturelles. L’objectif de ce travail a, par conséquent, été de préciser les relations existantes entre les différents génogroupes des phages ARN F-spécifiques et la pollution fécale et virale des eaux naturelles. Tout d’abord, nous avons développé les premiers systèmes de RT-PCR en temps réel capables d’identifier les quatre génogroupes dans les eaux environnementales. La sensibilité, la spécificité et la rapidité de détection constituent les avantages majeurs de cette approche. Par rapport aux outils existants, cette méthode permet de s’affranchir de l’étape de culture et donc de minimiser les problèmes engendrés par des taux d’inactivation importants des particules virales infectieuses, en réponse aux stress environnementaux. En effet, les études de persistance, réalisées aussi bien dans l’eau usée que dans l’eau souterraine, démontrent que, selon les conditions expérimentales, le génome phagique est de 3 à 20 fois plus résistant que les phages infectieux. Dans un second temps, l’analyse d’échantillons d’eaux usées urbaines nous a permis de vérifier que, malgré le changement de référentiel de mesure (génome versus particule infectieuse) inhérent à notre méthode de détection, les bactériophages ARN F-spécifiques pouvaient donner des informations intéressantes quant à la caractérisation de la pollution fécale. Dans ce type de milieu, les génogroupes II et III sont majoritairement retrouvés à des concentrations relativement stables au cours du temps. De manière ponctuelle, la présence du génogroupe I a pu, à la fois, être mise en relation avec les précipitations et avec la présence de pathogènes à caractère zoonotique (Cryptosporidium et Giardia), suggérant un apport de pollution animale par des phénomènes de ruissellement. Ceci a conforté l’idée que le génotypage pourrait constituer un outil intéressant de discrimination de l’origine de la pollution fécale. En revanche, la comparaison des résultats de génotypage aux concentrations en virus pathogènes montre que ces phages ne sont pas adaptés à la prédiction de la présence de norovirus et d’entérovirus, en raison d’un caractère saisonnier de ces derniers. Les deux études de cas consacrées aux eaux naturelles constituent l’étape majeure de notre étude. Dans un contexte de pollution principalement anthropique, il est démontré qu’au niveau de l’eau de rivière, le génogroupe II est très majoritairement observé. Les variations de concentration de ce génogroupe ont pu être corrélées positivement avec les indicateurs bactériens (E. coli, entérocoques) et avec les adénovirus humains attestant de son origine fécale humaine. Le génogroupe I est également très souvent représenté mais avec de plus amples variations de concentration. Ce génogroupe n’a été corrélé ni aux indicateurs bactériens, ni au génogroupe II, ni aux adénovirus humains, étayant l’hypothèse d’une autre origine de ce génogroupe. La corrélation positive avec les valeurs de turbidité de l’eau laisse supposer un apport de ces phages suite à des événements de ruissellement. Ainsi, dans l’eau de rivière, les génogroupes I et II semblent apporter des informations intéressantes quant à l’origine de la pollution fécale. Dans ce cadre, nous proposons l’utilisation d’un ratio de concentrations des génogroupes I et II pour caractériser la pollution fécale. A titre d’exemple, pour une concentration en E. coli de 3,6 log10 NPP/100mL, la valeur du log10 (GGII/GGI) peut être aussi bien de 3,8 que de -1,7. Avec la turbidité de l’eau, ce ratio a été le seul paramètre permettant de distinguer une modification dans la nature de la pollution fécale. Le génome des phages ARN F-spécifiques n’a pas été mis en évidence dans les prélèvements d’eaux souterraines protégées de la pollution fécale. Par contre, du génome d’adénovirus humains a été identifié dans 7 échantillons sur 60. Ainsi, des marqueurs plus persistants que le génome des phages ARN F-spécifiques peuvent être détectés. Au cours de l’étude de persistance menée dans ce milieu, aucune dégradation de l’ADN n’a été observée sur les 200 jours de l’expérience, supportant l’idée que l’ADN est un marqueur de pollution fécale extrêmement conservateur. Finalement, les méthodes nouvellement développées au cours de cette thèse ont abouti à une meilleure connaissance de la distribution des différents génogroupes au sein des eaux naturelles. Le génotypage des phages ARN F-spécifiques apporte des informations originales par rapport aux indicateurs bactériens, mais ne constitue pas, à lui seul, l’indicateur universel de pollution fécale ou virale des eaux
F-specific RNA phages, which are non pathogenic viruses with similar size and structure to human enteric viruses, have been proposed like faecal pollution indicators, like models for pathogenic viruses in environment and like tools for microbial source tracking. The key trait on which the F-specific RNA phage approach of source tracking is based is that genogroups I and IV are predominantly isolated from non human faeces, while genogroups II and III are predominantly isolated from human faeces and sewage. Paradoxically, few data are available as for the genogroups distribution in environmental waters. So, the topic of this study was to provide additional information about the relationships between the genogroups of F-specific RNA phages and the level of faecal and viral pollution to environmental waters. First, the methodological work undertaken at the beginning of this project made it possible to develop the first real-time RT-PCR assays able to typing the F-specific RNA phages. The major advantages of this approach are a good sensitivity, a quick detection and a great specificity. Compared with the current tools, this method allows to avoid the phage cultivation and thus to play down the biases associated with the survival characteristics of infectious F-specific RNA phages in the environmental waters. Indeed, survival studies, realized in urban wastewater and also in ground water, have shown that the inactivation rates of infectious particles are always more important that this of viral RNA, whatever the experimental design was. Secondly, the analysis of urban wastewater samples enabled to check that F-specific RNA phages could give interesting information as for the characterization of faecal pollution in spite of the change of reference frame of measurement inherent in our detection method (genome versus infectious particle). In these kinds of samples, the majority of phages isolated belonged to the genogroups II and III, and they exhibited steady concentrations. In several particular samples, the high concentration of genogroup I phages has been associated with rainfall events and with the presence of zoonotic pathogens (Cryptosporidium and Giardia). This observation suggests the presence of an animal pollution after streaming phenomena. All the results obtained with urban wastewaters strengthen the use of F-specific RNA phages like reliable source identification tool. On the other hand, the comparison between the pathogenic virus concentrations and the results of genotyping has shown that phage genogroups are not relevant indicators for the presence of enteric viruses. For instance, norovirus and enterovirus concentrations in wastewater displayed a seasonal distribution while human genogroups exhibited steady concentrations over the time. Thirdly, two particular case studies devoted to natural waters constitute the major aspect of our work. In river water principally influenced by human wastes, genotyping results show that genogroup II is very largely isolated. For the first time, positive correlations between the concentrations of genogroup II phages, bacterial indicators (E. coli, enterococci) and human adenoviruses was observed, which attests the human faecal origin of this genogroup. Genogroup I was also often isolated but it appeared irregularly distributed. The correlation analysis has shown that genogroup I was linked neither with the concentration of genogroup II nor with that of bacterial or viral faecal indicators. The absence of a link between the concentrations of these two genogroups supports the assumption of another faecal origin. Conversely, a relationship was shown between genogroup I and the water turbidity observed at the sampling. This suggests that the origin of this genogroup could be related to streaming phenomena following precipitations. Thus, in river water the genogroup I and II would be the two most interesting genogroups in order to characterize faecal pollution. As a consequence, genogroup II/genogroup I ratio may be an interesting tool for faecal source tracking. Indeed, depending on the sign of the ratio, it seems possible to determine the main source of pollution at a given point. For example, for an E. coli concentration of 3.6log10 MPN/100mL, log-ratio values could as well be 3.8 as -1.7. With the water turbidity, this log-ratio was the only parameter enabled to highlight a change of faecal pollution nature. In ground waters protected from faecal pollution, genome of F-specific RNA phages was not observed while genome of adenoviruses was isolated in 7 samples on the 60 analyzed. This observation suggests that more persistent markers than RNA of phages could be detected in ground waters. More over, in persistence study, no degradation of adenoviral DNA was observed during all the time (200 days) of the experiment. Finally, the typing method newly developed during this study led to a better knowledge of the distribution of different the genogroups within environmental waters. F-specific RNA phage typing provides original information compared to the bacterial indicators, but does not constitute alone the universal indicator of faecal or viral pollution of waters
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Fares, Fouad. "Quantification et suivi de la charge virale de l'Epstein-Barr dans le sang périphérique, par PCR-ELISA et PCR in situ : étude de la méthylation du promoteur BamHIW par PCR-enzymes de restriction." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO1T198.

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Ziebell, Kim. "Evaluation of PCR and PCR-RFLP protocols to identify the Shiga toxins." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0026/MQ51107.pdf.

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SPACOV, Isabel Cristina Guerra. "Utilização de marcadores de rDNA-PCR e tDNA-PCR para tipagem de isolados clínicos de Pseudomonas aeruginosa." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2005. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/6640.

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa é uma bacteria Gram-negativa ubíqua e oportunista. Na rotina hospitalar, os marcadores fenotípicos nem sempre revelam a diversidade das bactérias distribuídas nos diversos setores, assim, aplicamos três métodos moleculares baseados na amplificação por PCR do locus de rDNA e tDNA para caracterizar a diversidade genética de linhagens de P. aeruginosa isoladas em um hospital público em Recife-PE, Brasil. O rDNA-PCR detectou 15% de variabilidade genética, contra 23% do tDNA-PCR e 23% do Duplex-PCR. O setor com maior diversidade genética foi a Unidade de Tratamento Intensivo do hospital, o qual apresentou quatro genótipos bacterianos diferentes. A ocorrência de linhagens de P. aeruginosa pertencentes ao mesmo genótipo e mesmo perfil de resistência a múltiplas drogas (MDR), em diferentes setores do hospital, sugere que há infecção cruzada entre pacientes. Os dados apresentados pelo rDNA-PCR, tDNA-PCR e Duplex-PCR, em associação ao perfil de susceptibilidade antimicrobiana provêem valiosas informações epidemiológicas para o controle de infecções hospitalares causadas por P. aeruginosa
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Hill, Philip John. "PCR based gene engineering." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317040.

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Costa, Luciana Fachini da [UNESP]. "Avaliação comparativa entre PCR gênero-específica, PCR espécie-específica e nested PCR espécie-específica no diagnóstico da infecção por Brucella ovis." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94670.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
O diagnóstico da infecção por Brucella ovis em ovinos usualmente é realizado por meio de exame clínico, testes sorológicos e bacteriologia. Devido às limitações apresentadas pelas técnicas, o diagnóstico é geralmente obtido mediante aplicação de duas ou mais técnicas para obtenção de um resultado conclusivo. A Reação em Cadeia pela Polimerase (PCR) tem sido utilizada como ferramenta diagnóstica aplicável, pois é sensível, pouco dispendiosa, rápida, simples de ser realizada e permite o diagnóstico específico do agente infectante. Neste trabalho foram realizados dois experimentos. No primeiro compararam-se os percentuais de positividade em duas técnicas de PCR padronizadas, sendo a primeira gênero-específica e a seguinte espécie-específica, em 191 amostras de sêmen e 214 de urina provenientes de ovinos inoculados experimentalmente com a cepa de B. ovis REO 198. Posteriormente, desenvolveu-se a nested PCR a partir do produto amplificado da reação espécie-específica, e o percentual de positividade obtido pela nested PCR foi comparado aos obtidos pelas PCRs gênero-específica e espécie-específica. Foi observada diferença significativa no percentual de positividade (P<0,05) entre PCR gênero-específica e PCR espécie-específica (24,08% e 15,18%, respectivamente) para amostras de sêmen de ovinos e concordância moderada entre os resultados destas técnicas (kappa de 0,623); para amostras de urina, não houve diferença significativa entre as positividades obtidas pela PCR gênero-específica e a espécie-específica (10,28% e 7,011%, respectivamente), e a concordância entre os resultados foi moderada (kappa de 0,6167). A nested PCR espécie-específica apresentou percentual de positividade significativamente maior (P<0,001) quando comparada às PCRs gênero-específica e espécie-específica em amostras de sêmen (53,93%) e de urina (49,07%)...
Diagnosis of Brucella ovis infection in rams is routinely performed by clinical examination, serology and bacteriology. Due to limitations presented by each technique, the diagnosis is usually made by two or more techniques to obtain a conclusive result. The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) has been used as a diagnostic tool applicable because it is sensitive, inexpensive, rapid, simple to perform and allows the specific diagnosis of infectious agents. In this study, the positivity percentages of two techniques of PCR previous described, one genus-specific and other species-specific, were measured in 191 semen and 214 urine samples from sheep experimentally infected with strain of B. ovis REO 198. Then, a species-specific nested PCR was developed from amplified products of the species-specific PCR, and the percentage of positivity obtained by nested PCR was compared to those obtained by genus and species-specific PCRs. Significant difference was observed when comparing the percentage of positivity (P <0.05) between genus-specific and species-specific PCR (24.08% and 15.18%, respectively) in semen samples from sheep, and there was moderate agreement between the results of these techniques ( kappa 0.623). In urine, no significant difference between the percentages of positives samples obtained by genus and species-specific PCR was observed (10.28% and 7.011% respectively) and the concordance between the results was moderate (kappa 0.6167). The species-specific nested PCR showed significantly higher percentage of positivity (P <0.001) when compared to genus-specific and species-specific PCRs in semen (53.93%) and urine (49.07%). Thus, according to the results obtained in this experiment, the species-specific PCR showed the lower percentage of positivity when compared to genus-specific PCR, but the implementation of the species-specific nested PCR showed highly significant increase... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Costa, Luciana Fachini da. "Avaliação comparativa entre PCR gênero-específica, PCR espécie-específica e nested PCR espécie-específica no diagnóstico da infecção por Brucella ovis /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94670.

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Resumo: O diagnóstico da infecção por Brucella ovis em ovinos usualmente é realizado por meio de exame clínico, testes sorológicos e bacteriologia. Devido às limitações apresentadas pelas técnicas, o diagnóstico é geralmente obtido mediante aplicação de duas ou mais técnicas para obtenção de um resultado conclusivo. A Reação em Cadeia pela Polimerase (PCR) tem sido utilizada como ferramenta diagnóstica aplicável, pois é sensível, pouco dispendiosa, rápida, simples de ser realizada e permite o diagnóstico específico do agente infectante. Neste trabalho foram realizados dois experimentos. No primeiro compararam-se os percentuais de positividade em duas técnicas de PCR padronizadas, sendo a primeira gênero-específica e a seguinte espécie-específica, em 191 amostras de sêmen e 214 de urina provenientes de ovinos inoculados experimentalmente com a cepa de B. ovis REO 198. Posteriormente, desenvolveu-se a nested PCR a partir do produto amplificado da reação espécie-específica, e o percentual de positividade obtido pela nested PCR foi comparado aos obtidos pelas PCRs gênero-específica e espécie-específica. Foi observada diferença significativa no percentual de positividade (P<0,05) entre PCR gênero-específica e PCR espécie-específica (24,08% e 15,18%, respectivamente) para amostras de sêmen de ovinos e concordância moderada entre os resultados destas técnicas (kappa de 0,623); para amostras de urina, não houve diferença significativa entre as positividades obtidas pela PCR gênero-específica e a espécie-específica (10,28% e 7,011%, respectivamente), e a concordância entre os resultados foi moderada (kappa de 0,6167). A nested PCR espécie-específica apresentou percentual de positividade significativamente maior (P<0,001) quando comparada às PCRs gênero-específica e espécie-específica em amostras de sêmen (53,93%) e de urina (49,07%)... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Diagnosis of Brucella ovis infection in rams is routinely performed by clinical examination, serology and bacteriology. Due to limitations presented by each technique, the diagnosis is usually made by two or more techniques to obtain a conclusive result. The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) has been used as a diagnostic tool applicable because it is sensitive, inexpensive, rapid, simple to perform and allows the specific diagnosis of infectious agents. In this study, the positivity percentages of two techniques of PCR previous described, one genus-specific and other species-specific, were measured in 191 semen and 214 urine samples from sheep experimentally infected with strain of B. ovis REO 198. Then, a species-specific nested PCR was developed from amplified products of the species-specific PCR, and the percentage of positivity obtained by nested PCR was compared to those obtained by genus and species-specific PCRs. Significant difference was observed when comparing the percentage of positivity (P <0.05) between genus-specific and species-specific PCR (24.08% and 15.18%, respectively) in semen samples from sheep, and there was moderate agreement between the results of these techniques ( kappa 0.623). In urine, no significant difference between the percentages of positives samples obtained by genus and species-specific PCR was observed (10.28% and 7.011% respectively) and the concordance between the results was moderate (kappa 0.6167). The species-specific nested PCR showed significantly higher percentage of positivity (P <0.001) when compared to genus-specific and species-specific PCRs in semen (53.93%) and urine (49.07%). Thus, according to the results obtained in this experiment, the species-specific PCR showed the lower percentage of positivity when compared to genus-specific PCR, but the implementation of the species-specific nested PCR showed highly significant increase... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Orientador: Jane Megid
Coorientador: Renato de Lima Santos
Banca: Sony Dimas Bicudo
Banca: Luis antônio Mathias
Mestre
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Ferreira, Karin Correa Scheffer. "Detecção do vírus da raiva em órgãos de morcegos do gênero Artibeus (Leach, 1821) por meio de RT-PCR, Hemi-Nested RT-PCR e Real Time RT-PCR." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-19102012-132944/.

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Este estudo teve como objetivo detectar a presença do vírus da raiva em diferentes órgãos de morcegos do gênero Artibeus empregando as técnicas moleculares como RT-PCR, hnRT-PCR e Real Time RT-PCR. De aproximadamente 4000 espécimes de morcegos recebidas no Instituto Pasteur para o diagnóstico da raiva, foram selecionados 30 morcegos do gênero Artibeus, com resultados positivos para raiva pelas técnicas tradicionais de IFD e inoculação em células N2A utilizando suspensões feitas a partir do SNC. Para as técnicas moleculares, foram retirados glândulas salivares, bexigas urinárias, rins, pulmões e conteúdos fecais e ainda foram lavadas as calotas cranianas dos espécimes. Os órgãos e conteúdos fecais foram diluídos a 1:10 (P/V) e as bexigas urinárias a 1:20 (P/V). As suspensões foram inoculadas em células N2A para o isolamento viral. Foi realizada a extração do RNA total usando o TRIzol®, foram realizadas a transcrição reversa seguida da PCR e hnRT-PCR com utilização de primers específicos para o gene codificante da proteína N. A partir do produto da transcrição reversa foi realizada a técnica de Real Time RT-PCR, utilizando primers e sonda específicos para variante antigênica 3. Das 30 suspensões de lavado cerebral, 28 (93,33%) resultaram positivos, na inoculação em cultura de células, seguido de glândulas salivares (36,67%), bexigas (16,67%) e conteúdos fecais (3,33%). Os resultados encontrados da sensibilidade nas técnicas de RT-PCR, hnRT-PCR e Real Time RT-PCR foram 56,25%, 82,57% e 82,19% quando avaliadas as 180 amostras analisadas. A comparação das técnicas de hnRT-PCR e Real Time RT-PCR feita pelo teste exato de Fisher quanto a proporção de positivos detectados mostrou que para o lavado cerebral, órgãos e conteúdos fecais a proporção foi igual (P>0,05). Em relação à positividade os resultados encontrados nas técnicas de hnRT-PCR e Real Time RT-PCR foram 100% em lavado cerebral; 90% e 93,33% em glândulas salivares; 83,33% e 90% em bexigas; 80% e 93,33% em rins; 76,67% e 50% em pulmões e 43,33% em ambas as técnicas em conteúdos fecais. Esses resultados sugerem que tanto as técnicas de hnRT-PCR como Real Time RT-PCR podem ser utilizadas como métodos complementares para o diagnóstico da raiva e são sensíveis o bastante para o uso em estudos de patogênese. A técnica de Real Time RT-PCR realizada neste estudo se mostrou eficiente em detectar o RABV em diferentes órgãos e tecidos extraneurais com a vantagem de ser uma técnica mais rápida e sensível.
This study was aimed to detect the presence of rabies virus in different organs of the genus Artibeus bats using molecular techniques such as RT-PCR, hnRT-PCR, and the Real Time RT-PCR. From about 4,000 specimens of bats received for rabies diagnosis at the Pasteur Institute, 30 bats of the genus Artibeus were then selected. The selected bats presented positive results by the traditional DFA and N2A-cells inoculation test using brain tissue suspensions. Samples of salivary glands, urinary bladders, kidneys, lungs, and fecal contents and washings of the skulls were collected for the molecular techniques testing. The organs and the fecal contents were diluted at 1:10 (w/v) and the urinary bladder, at 1:20 (w/v) and these suspensions were inoculated into N2A cells for viral isolation. The extraction of the total RNA was performed by using TRIzol® and followed by the reverse transcription and the PCR and the hnRT-PCR were performed by using specific primers for the gene encoding the protein N. The product obtained by the reverse transcription technique was submitted to the Real Time RT-PCR technique, using primers and probe specific for antigenic variant 3 of the rabies virus. Of the 30 suspensions of the brain washings, 28 (93.33%) were positive in N2A cell culture inoculation, followed by the suspensions of the salivary glands (36.67%), bladders (16.67%) and fecal contents (3.33%). For the 180 samples evaluated, the results of sensitivity found for the RT-PCR, hnRT-PCR and Real Time RT-PCR techniques were 56.25%, 82.57%, and 82.19%, respectively. A comparison of hnRT-PCR and Real Time RT-PCR techniques performed by Fisher\'s exact test showed that the proportion of positives detected by the brain washings, organs and of the fecal content was non-significant (P> 0.05). Regarding the results found in hnRT-PCR and Real Time RT-PCR techniques, 100% positives were in brain washing, 90% and 93.33% in salivary glands, 83.33% and 90% in bladders, 80% and 93.33% in kidneys, 76.67% and 50% in lungs and 43.33% for both techniques on fecal contents. These results suggest that both hnRT-PCR and Real-Time PCR techniques can be used as complementary methods for the diagnosis of rabies and are sensitive enough for use in pathogenesis studies. The Real Time RT-PCR technique performed in this study proved to be faster and more sensitive and effective in detecting RABV in different organs and extra neural tissues of bats.
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Books on the topic "PCR"

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D, Siebert Paul, ed. The PCR technique: RT-PCR. [Natick, Mass.]: Bio-Techniques Books, 1998.

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W, Larrick James, ed. The PCR technique: Quantitative PCR. [Natick, Mass.]: BioTechniques Books, 1997.

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Domingues, Lucília, ed. PCR. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7060-5.

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Newton, C. R. PCR. Oxford: BIOS Scientific in association with the Biochemical Society, 1994.

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McPherson, M. J. PCR. Oxford: BIOS Scientific Publishers, 2000.

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A, Graham, ed. PCR. 2nd ed. Oxford, OX, UK: BIOS Scientific Publishers, 1997.

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Domingues, Lucília, ed. PCR. New York, NY: Springer US, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3358-8.

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Sarkar, Gobinda. PCR in Neuroscience: PCR in Neuroscience. Burlington: Elsevier, 1995.

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Colonna-Romano, Sergio, Antonella Leone, and Bruno Maresca. Differential-Display Reverse Transcription-PCR (DDRT-PCR). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80454-0.

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Colonna-Romano, Sergio. Differential-display reverse transcription-PCR (DDRT-PCR). Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "PCR"

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Frank, J. Howard, J. Howard Frank, Michael C. Thomas, Allan A. Yousten, F. William Howard, Robin M. Giblin-davis, John B. Heppner, et al. "PCR." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 2766. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_2811.

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Lefebvre, Cedric W., Jay P. Babich, James H. Grendell, James H. Grendell, John E. Heffner, Ronan Thibault, Claude Pichard, et al. "PCR." In Encyclopedia of Intensive Care Medicine, 1692. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00418-6_3239.

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Fischer, R. X., and W. H. Baur. "PCR." In Zeolite-Type Crystal Structures and their Chemistry. 41 New Framework Type Codes, 364–74. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41452-7_37.

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Hummel, Susanne. "PCR." In Ancient DNA Typing, 81–109. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05050-7_4.

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Baker, Julien S., Fergal Grace, Lon Kilgore, David J. Smith, Stephen R. Norris, Andrew W. Gardner, Robert Ringseis, et al. "PCr." In Encyclopedia of Exercise Medicine in Health and Disease, 690. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29807-6_2843.

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Konrad, Regina, and Ulrich Busch. "PCR und Real-Time PCR." In Molekularbiologische Methoden in der Lebensmittelanalytik, 35–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10716-0_4.

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Rolfs, Arndt, Irmela Schuller, Ulrich Finckh, and Ines Weber-Rolfs. "Reverse Transcription/PCR (RT-PCR)." In PCR: Clinical Diagnostics and Research, 99–111. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77492-8_9.

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Bartholomew, Rachel A., Janine R. Hutchison, Timothy M. Straub, and Douglas R. Call. "PCR, Real-Time PCR, Digital PCR, and Isothermal Amplification." In Manual of Environmental Microbiology, 2.3.2–1–2.3.2–13. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555818821.ch2.3.2.

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Burke, Emily, and Sailen Barik. "Megaprimer PCR." In PCR Protocols, 525–31. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0055-0_71.

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"Analysis, sequencing and in vitro expression of PCR products." In PCR, 99–122. Taylor & Francis, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203002674-10.

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Conference papers on the topic "PCR"

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Coutinho, Rodolfo W. L., Azzedine Boukerche, and Antonio A. F. Loureiro. "PCR." In MSWIM '18: 21st ACM Int'l Conference on Modelling, Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3242102.3242123.

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Oh, Sooyoung, Zhen Lei, Wang-Chien Lee, Prasenjit Mitra, and John Yen. "CV-PCR." In the 22nd ACM international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2505515.2505659.

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Sharabani, Vico. "Point constraint rig (PCR)." In the SIGGRAPH 2003 conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/965400.965424.

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Machmerth, Markus, and Christian Stoerte. "Accumulator based PCR restamping." In 2009 IEEE 13th International Symposium on Consumer Electronics. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isce.2009.5156867.

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Koo, Seul-Bit-Na, Jae-Hyeon Cho, Yu-Seop Kim, Hye-Jeong Song, Chan-Young Park, and Jong-Dae Kim. "Performance Improvement of PCB-based PCR chip with Calibrated Thermal Sensor." In CES-CUBE 2015. Science & Engineering Research Support soCiety, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/astl.2015.98.26.

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Lin, Yu-Cheng, and Hua-Lin Wu. "NANO-PCR: Breaking the Bottom Limit of the PCR Denaturation Temperature using Nanogold." In TRANSDUCERS 2007 - 2007 International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sensor.2007.4300150.

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He, Yang, and Changbao Zheng. "Rotary PCR chip control system." In 2018 13th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciea.2018.8397769.

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Gaertner, Claudia, Holger Becker, Nadine Hlawatsch, Richard Klemm, Christian Moche, René Sewart, Rainer Frank, and Andreas Willems. "Lab-on-a-chip PCR: real time PCR in miniaturized format for HLA diagnostics." In SPIE Sensing Technology + Applications, edited by Brian M. Cullum and Eric S. McLamore. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2050233.

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Huw, Ling-Yuh, Jill Spoerke, Rajesh Patel, Weiqun Liu, Rajiv Raja, Lukas Amler, Garret Hampton, Elizabeth Punnoose, and Mark Lackner. "Abstract 3180: Mutation detection in circulating free DNA using mutant-enriched PCR and digital PCR." In Proceedings: AACR 102nd Annual Meeting 2011‐‐ Apr 2‐6, 2011; Orlando, FL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-3180.

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Park, Joon Soo, Liben Chen, and Tza-Huei Wang. "Digital Ligation-Enabled Fluorescence-Coding PCR (dLiNC PCR) for High-Dimensional Multiplexed Nucleic Acid Detection." In 2022 IEEE Sensors. IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sensors52175.2022.9967100.

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Reports on the topic "PCR"

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Gardner, S., D. Clague, J. Vandersall, G. Hon, and P. Williams. Virtual PCR. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/894750.

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McAdams, H. T. PCR+ In Diesel Fuels and Emissions Research. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/814346.

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Shingo Hisakawa, Shingo Hisakawa. Developing dNinja, an open-source digital PCR. Experiment, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/51141.

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Denaro, Tracy R., Sarah K. Chelgren, Jara N. Lang, Ellen M. Strobel, Lori M. T. Balster, and Marlin D. Vangsness. DNA Isolation of Microbial Contaminants in Aviation Turbine Fuel via Traditional Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Direct PCR. Preliminary Results. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada446701.

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Torok, Tamas. Extraction of PCR-amplifiable genomic DNA from Bacillus anthracisspores. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/917812.

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Cruz-Perez, P., L. D. Stetzenbach, and A. J. Alvarez. PCR detection of groundwater bacteria associated with colloidal transport. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/237359.

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Davis, Denali, Ty Stewart, Sudipta Majumdar, and Avijita Jain. Photoinduced Inhibition of DNA Amplification by PCR with a Photocisplatin Analog. Journal of Young Investigators, August 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22186/jyi.37.2.17-21.

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Shaw, B. R. [One-step PCR sequencing]. Final report, July 1, 1994--August 31, 1997. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/353382.

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Dzenitis, J., B. Hindson, M. McBride, A. Makarewicz, B. Henderer, U. Sathyam, S. Smith, et al. Detection of aerosolized biological agents by immunoassay followed by autonomous PCR confirmation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15013780.

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Churchill, M. E., M. A. Gemmell, and G. E. Woloschak. PCR detection of retinoblastoma gene deletions in radiation-induced mouse lung adenocarcinomas. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10149484.

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