Journal articles on the topic 'PBAC'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: PBAC.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'PBAC.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Marshall, Richard S., David C. Gemperline, Fionn McLoughlin, Adam J. Book, Kay Hofmann, and Richard D. Vierstra. "An evolutionarily distinct chaperone promotes 20S proteasome α-ring assembly in plants." Journal of Cell Science 133, no. 21 (October 8, 2020): jcs249862. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.249862.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTThe core protease (CP) subcomplex of the 26S proteasome houses the proteolytic active sites and assumes a barrel shape comprised of four co-axially stacked heptameric rings formed by structurally related α- and β-subunits. CP biogenesis typically begins with the assembly of the α-ring, which then provides a template for β-subunit integration. In eukaryotes, α-ring assembly is partially mediated by two hetero-dimeric chaperones, termed Pba1–Pba2 (Add66) and Pba3–Pba4 (also known as Irc25–Poc4) in yeast. Pba1–Pba2 initially promotes orderly recruitment of the α-subunits through interactions between their C-terminal HbYX or HbF motifs and pockets at the α5–α6 and α6–α7 interfaces. Here, we identified PBAC5 as a fifth α-ring assembly chaperone in Arabidopsis that directly binds the Pba1 homolog PBAC1 to form a trimeric PBAC5–PBAC1–PBAC2 complex. PBAC5 harbors a HbYX motif that docks with a pocket between the α4 and α5 subunits during α-ring construction. Arabidopsis lacking PBAC5, PBAC1 and/or PBAC2 are hypersensitive to proteotoxic, salt and osmotic stresses, and display proteasome assembly defects. Remarkably, whereas PBAC5 is evolutionarily conserved among plants, sequence relatives are also dispersed within other kingdoms, including a scattered array of fungal, metazoan and oomycete species.
2
Porrata, Luis F., Dennis A. Gastineau, Alvaro Pineda, Jeffrey L. Winters, S. Breanndan Moore, Douglas J. Padley, Kevin L. Bundy, et al. "Increasing the Number of Apheresis Collections Increases Lymphocyte Collection and Affects Survival after Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.892.892.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Peripheral blood infused total autograft absolute lymphocyte count (A-ALC) correlates with day 15 absolute lymphocyte count and is an independent prognostic factor for survival after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Factors to enhance A-ALC collections are not well defined. We hypothesize that the number of peripheral blood apheresis collections (PBAC) directly correlates with A-ALC. 190 consecutive NHL patients who underwent ASCT at the Mayo Clinic between 1993 and 2001 were analyzed. The primary end point of the study was to assess the correlation between the number of PBAC and A-ALC. The secondary end point was to determine if the number of PBAC affected survival post-ASCT. Of the 190 patients, 18 patients underwent 1 PBAC, 23 patients 2 PBAC, 50 patients 3 PBAC, 37 patients 4 PBAC, 50 patients 5 PBAC, and 12 patients had ≥ 6 PBAC. There was no association between the number of PBAC and the number of CD34+ stem cells collected (p= 0.25). A strong association between number of PBAC and A-ALC (Kruskall Wallis test, p <0.0001)(Figure 1) was identified. Using a cut-off of 4 PBAC, superior overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were observed for patients that underwent 4 PBAC or more compared to patients that underwent less than 4 PBAC (86 months vs 18 months, p <0.0001; 76 months vs 10 months, p <0.0001, respectively). Multivariate analysis demonstrated PBAC ≥ 4 is an independent prognostic factor for OS (RR = 0.654, 95%CI: 0.529–0.804, p< 0.0001) and for PFS (RR = 0.682, 95%CI: 0.561–0.826, p< 0.0001) when compared with other significant factors including performance status, lactate dehydrogenase and extra nodal disease. These data suggest that increasing the number of PBAC beyond the minimum number required to meet CD34+ collection targets may result in improved overall and progression-free survival mediated by an increase in autograft absolute lymphocyte count.
3
El-khadragy, Manal, Wafa A. Al-Megrin, Norah A. AlSadhan, Dina M. Metwally, Rehab E. El-Hennamy, Fatma Elzahraa H. Salem, Rami B. Kassab, and Ahmed E. Abdel Moneim. "Impact of Coenzyme Q10 Administration on Lead Acetate-Induced Testicular Damage in Rats." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2020 (June 3, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4981386.
Full textAbstract:
Exposure to lead (Pb) causes multiorgan dysfunction including reproductive impairments. Here, we examined the protective effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) administration on testicular injury induced by lead acetate (PbAc) exposure in rats. This study employed four experimental groups (n=7) that underwent seven days of treatment as follows: control group intraperitoneally (i.p.) treated with 0.1 ml of 0.9% NaCl containing 1% Tween 80 (v:v), CoQ10 group that was i.p. injected with 10 mg/kg CoQ10, PbAc group that was i.p. treated with PbAc (20 mg/kg), and PbAc+CoQ10 group that was i.p. injected with CoQ10 2 h after PbAc. PbAc injection resulted in increasing residual Pb levels in the testis and reducing testosterone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone levels. Additionally, PbAc exposure resulted in significant oxidative damage to the tissues on the testes. PbAc raised the levels of prooxidants (malondialdehyde and nitric oxide) and reduced the amount of endogenous antioxidative proteins (glutathione and its derivative enzymes, catalase, and superoxide dismutase) available in the cell. Moreover, PbAc induced the inflammatory response as evidenced by the upregulation of inflammatory mediators (tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 beta). Further, PbAc treatment induced apoptosis in the testicular cells, as indicated by an increase in Bax and caspase 3 expression, and reduced Bcl2 expression. CoQ10 supplementation improved testicular function by inhibiting Pb accumulation, oxidative stress, inflammation, cell death, and histopathological changes following PbAc exposure. Our findings suggest that CoQ10 can act as a natural therapeutic agent to protect against the reproductive impairments associated with PbAc exposure.
4
Lybrand, Sean, and Michael Wonder. "Analysis of PBAC submissions and outcomes for medicines (2010–2018)." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 36, no. 3 (June 2020): 224–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026646232000029x.
Full textAbstract:
ObjectivesThe Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) provides timely, reliable, and affordable access to necessary medicines for Australians. We reviewed the Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee (PBAC) submissions and their related outcomes and timelines since 2010.MethodsWe examined the PBS Website to identify submissions and their related PBAC outcomes for new medicines, new indications, and new combination products that had been considered by the PBAC since 2010.ResultsThirty-five PBAC meetings were held during the study period, at which the Committee considered 781 submissions (1,074 medicine/patient population pairings). We saw an increase in the annual number of submissions (medicine/patient population parings). The recommendation rate for the study period was higher than the rejection rate. The annual mean value for the period from the date of initial PBAC recommendation to the date of PBS listing ranged from 357 to 644 days; the annual mean value for the period of the date of PBAC recommendation to the date of PBS listing ranged from 187 to 245 days. It took, on average, 1.70 submissions that included an economic evaluation to obtain a PBAC recommendation. It took more submissions to obtain a PBAC recommendation for a cost-effectiveness analysis submission than it did for a CMA submission. The PBAC was willing to recommend medicines for most acceptable base-case incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) bands, and the majority of the PBAC did not recommended any medicine in the study period that had a base-case ICER >AUD75,000.ConclusionsThe results of our analyses reveal a minor reduction in the period from the date of PBAC recommendation to the date of PBS listing. Several analyses were hampered by a high proportion of missing data.
5
S. Yousef, Al Omar, Alkhuriji A. Fahad, Ahmed E. Abdel Moneim, Dina M. Metwally, Manal F. El-khadragy, and Rami B. Kassab. "The Neuroprotective Role of Coenzyme Q10 Against Lead Acetate-Induced Neurotoxicity Is Mediated by Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Apoptotic Activities." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 16 (August 13, 2019): 2895. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162895.
Full textAbstract:
Heavy metal exposure, in lead (Pb) particularly, is associated with severe neuronal impairment though oxidative stress mediated by reactive oxygen species, and antioxidants may be used to abolish these adverse effects. This study investigated the potential neuroprotective role of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) against lead acetate (PbAc)-induced neurotoxicity. Twenty-eight male Wistar albino rats were divided into four equal groups (n = 7) and treated as follows: the control group was injected with physiological saline (0.9% NaCl); the CoQ10 group was injected with CoQ10 (10 mg/kg); PbAc group was injected with PbAc (20 mg/kg); PbAc + CoQ10 group was injected first with PbAc, and after 1 h with CoQ10. All groups were injected intraperitoneally for seven days. PbAc significantly increased cortical lipid peroxidation, nitrate/nitrite levels, and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, and decreased glutathione content, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase activity and mRNA expression, as well as nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) and homoxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. PbAc also promoted the secretion of interleukin-1ß and tumor necrosis factor-α, inhibited interleukin-10 production, triggered the activation of pro-apoptotic proteins, and suppressed anti-apoptotic proteins. Additionally, PbAc increased the cortical levels of serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, GABA, and glutamate, and decreased the level of ATP. However, treatment with CoQ10 rescued cortical neurons from PbAc-induced neurotoxicity by restoring the balance between oxidants and antioxidants, activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, suppressing inflammation, inhibiting the apoptotic cascade, and modulating cortical neurotransmission and energy metabolism. Altogether, our findings indicate that CoQ10 has beneficial effects against PbAc-induced neuronal damage through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and neuromodulatory activities.
6
Baty, RS, KE Hassan, KF Alsharif, RE El-Hennamy, EK Elmahallawy, MM Hafez, AE Abdel Moneim, and RB Kassab. "Neuroprotective role of luteolin against lead acetate-induced cortical damage in rats." Human & Experimental Toxicology 39, no. 9 (March 25, 2020): 1200–1212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327120913094.
Full textAbstract:
Luteolin (LUT) is a glycosylated flavonoid compound that has multiple beneficial pharmacological and biological impacts. The current investigation was undertaken to evaluate the putative neuroprotective potency of LUT against neuronal damage induced by lead acetate (PbAc). Twenty-eight rats were placed into four equal groups. Group 1: served as the control group, group 2: rats were supplemented orally with LUT (50 mg kg−1), group 3: rats were intraperitoneally injected with PbAc (20 mg kg−1), and group 4: rats were pretreated with LUT before PbAc injection with the same doses. All animals were treated for 7 days. The exposure to PbAc increased the concentration of lead in the cortical tissue, neuronal lipid peroxidation, and nitric oxide (NO) production and decreased the antioxidant enzymes. Additionally, PbAc enhanced a neuroinflammatory response in the cortical tissue through increasing the pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion and inducible NO synthase expression. Moreover, cortical cell death was recorded following PbAc intoxication as evidenced by the enhancement of the proapoptotic and inhibiting the antiapoptotic markers. Interestingly, LUT supplementation reversed the cortical adverse reactions induced by PbAc. Taken together, these findings may suggest that LUT may be useful for attenuating neuronal damage induced by PbAc through inhibiting the oxidative damage, neuroinflammation, and the cortical cell death.
7
Behairy, Amany, Mohamed M. Hashem, Khaled Abo-El-Sooud, Abeer E. El-Metwally, Bayan A. Hassan, and Yasmina M. Abd-Elhakim. "Quercetin Abates Aluminum Trioxide Nanoparticles and Lead Acetate Induced Altered Sperm Quality, Testicular Oxidative Damage, and Sexual Hormones Disruption in Male Rats." Antioxidants 11, no. 11 (October 28, 2022): 2133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11112133.
Full textAbstract:
This study examined the effects of exposure to lead acetate (PbAc) and/or aluminum trioxide nanoparticles (Al2O3NPs) on testicular function. Additionally, the probable reproprotective effects of quercetin (QTN) against Al2O3NPs and PbAc co-exposure in male Sprague Dawely rats were assessed. Al2O3NPs (100 mg/kg b.wt.), PbAc (50 mg/kg b.wt.), and QTN (20 mg/kg b.wt.) were orally administered for 60 days. Then, spermiogram, histopathological examinations of the testis and accessory glands, and immunohistochemical detection of androgen receptors (AR) and tumor necrotic factor alpha (TNF-α) were achieved. Moreover, serum levels of male sex hormones and testicular levels of antioxidant indices were estimated. The results showed that Al2O3NPs and/or PbAc caused significant sperm abnormalities, testicular oxidative stress, and histopathological changes. Furthermore, serum testosterone, LH, and FSH levels significantly decreased, while estradiol levels significantly increased. The Al2O3NPs and/or PbAc co-exposed group had more obvious disturbances. Furthermore, QTN co-administration significantly reversed the Al2O3NPs and PbAc-induced testicular histopathological alterations, reduced antioxidant defenses, and altered AR and TNF-α immune expression in testicular tissues. Conclusively, Al2O3NPs and/or PbAc evoked testicular dysfunction by inducing oxidative injury and inflammation. However, QTN oral dosing effectively mitigated the negative effects of Al2O3NPs and PbAc by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation and improving the antioxidant defense system.
8
Halimeh, Susan, Hannelore Rott, Guenther Kappert, and Manuela Siebert. "Establishment Of a Reference Range For The Pbac-Score." Blood 122, no. 21 (November 15, 2013): 4772. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.4772.4772.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is defined as bleeding that lasts for more than seven days or as the loss of more than 80mL of blood per mentrual cycle (1)The menstrual blood loss can be quantified by the use of a pictorial bleeding assessment chart (PBAC). The PBAC-Score was initially validated by Higham et al. (2) With the PBAC-Score the women can capture the number of pads or tampons and also state the intensity through the assessment of the drenching. The aim of this study was to establish a reference range for the PBAC-Score. Samples and Methods We analysed samples of 310 women with menorrhagia and 108 controls by conducting the following tests: Blood count, VWF:RCo, VWF:Ag, VWF:CB, VWF:multimers, Fibrinogen (Clauss), activities of FII, FV, FVII, FVIII (clotting and chromogenic), FIX, FX, FXI, FXII, FXIII. In all women the menstrual blood loss was quantified usind the PBAC-Score and the results were compared. Results In 202 of 310 women (65.1%) a bleeding disorder could be detected. In those with a bleeding disorder, the distribution was as followed: 64% of these women had a von Willebrand disease, 7.2% FVII-deficiency, 7.7% FXIII-deficiency and the remaining 21.1% other mild factor dificiencies. The mean PBAC-Score in women with menorrhagia was 262 (range 31 – 4212) in our control group the mean PBAC-Score was 60 (range 8 – 97). Discussion/Conclusion Attemps to measure the quantity of menstrual blood loss can be useful in clinical practice. In our opinion the best cut of for the PBAC-Score is 100 with a sensitifity of 90% and a specifity of 100%. We found a high correlation of a PBAC >100 and an inherited bleeding disorder, especially von Willebrand diesease. In 65.1% of our patients an abnormal coagulation was found. In 4 (3.7%) women of the control group slightly abnormal von Willebrand parameters could been dectected. We validated the reference range for the PBAC-Score as 0 - 100. Disclosures: Halimeh: Octapharma AG: Investigator Other, Research Funding.
9
AL-Megrin, Wafa A., Afrah F. Alkhuriji, Al Omar S. Yousef, Dina M. Metwally, Ola A. Habotta, Rami B. Kassab, Ahmed E. Abdel Moneim, and Manal F. El-Khadragy. "Antagonistic Efficacy of Luteolin against Lead Acetate Exposure-Associated with Hepatotoxicity is Mediated via Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Apoptotic Activities." Antioxidants 9, no. 1 (December 21, 2019): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9010010.
Full textAbstract:
The abundant use of lead (Pb; toxic heavy metal) worldwide has increased occupational and ecosystem exposure, with subsequent negative health effects. The flavonoid luteolin (LUT) found in many natural foodstuffs possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Herein, we hypothesized that LUT could mitigate liver damage induced by exposure to lead acetate (PbAc). Male Wistar rats were allocated to four groups: control group received normal saline, LUT-treated group (50 mg/kg, oral, daily), PbAc-treated group (20 mg/kg, i.p., daily), and LUT+PbAc-treated group (received the aforementioned doses via the respective routes of administration); the rats were treated for 7 days. The results revealed that PbAc exposure significantly increased hepatic Pb residue and serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and total bilirubin value. Oxidative reactions were observed in the liver tissue following PbAc intoxication, characterized by the depletion and downregulation of antioxidant proteins (glutathione, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, and heme oxygenase-1), and an increase in oxidants (malondialdehyde and nitric oxide). Additionally, PbAc increased the release and expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1 beta), inducible nitric oxide synthase, and nuclear factor kappa B. Moreover, PbAc enhanced hepatocyte loss by increasing the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax and caspase-3) and downregulating the anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2). The changes in the aforementioned parameters were further confirmed by noticeable histopathological lesions. LUT supplementation significantly reversed all of the tested parameters in comparison with the PbAc-exposed group. In conclusion, our findings describe the potential mechanisms involved in the alleviation of PbAc-induced liver injury by luteolin via its potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties.
10
Flowers, Melinda, Sean Lybrand, and Michael Wonder. "Analysis of sponsor hearings on health technology assessment decision making." Australian Health Review 44, no. 2 (2020): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah18113.
Full textAbstract:
Objective The aim of this study was to get a better understanding of the frequency of Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee (PBAC) hearings, the factors that influence a sponsor’s decision to proceed with a hearing and to assess the impact hearings may have had on PBAC decision making. Methods All public summary documents (PSDs) from March 2014 to November 2016 PBAC meetings, obtained from the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) website, were examined to identify major submissions for which sponsor hearings were conducted. Each PSD was analysed to determine the topics discussed at the sponsor hearing and the ‘usefulness’ of a sponsor hearing from the PBAC’s perspective. Results During the study period there were 472 PSDs. 74 sponsor hearings (28% of major submissions) were conducted during the study period. A clinician external to the sponsor presented at the majority of the hearings (78%) and accordingly, the main topics presented related to clinical positioning/use and clinical benefit/use. Conclusion The PBAC considered approximately 45% of sponsor hearings to be informative or moderately informative whereas 18% were classed as uninformative. What is known about the topic? Although the sponsors of medicines being considered by the Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee (PBAC) for public subsidy have been able to give a 10 min presentation to the Committee at the time of decision making for several years, it is unknown whether these hearings are beneficial. What does this paper add? We present what is believed to be the results of the first analysis of PBAC sponsor hearings. What are the implications for practitioners? All stakeholders should consider the findings of our research and associated recommendations to ensure that future sponsor hearings enhance PBAC decision making and promote good public health policy.
11
Matias, Ana C., Joao Matos, R. Jürgen Dohmen, and Paula C. Ramos. "Hsp70 and Hsp110 Chaperones Promote Early Steps of Proteasome Assembly." Biomolecules 13, no. 1 (December 21, 2022): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom13010011.
Full textAbstract:
Whereas assembly of the 20S proteasome core particle (CP) in prokaryotes apparently occurs spontaneously, the efficiency of this process in eukaryotes relies on the dedicated assembly chaperones Ump1, Pba1-Pba2, and Pba3-Pba4. For mammals, it was reported that CP assembly initiates with formation of a complete α-ring that functions as a template for β subunit incorporation. By contrast, we were not able to detect a ring composed only of a complete set of α subunits in S. cerevisiae. Instead, we found that the CP subunits α1, α2, and α4 each form independent small complexes. Purification of such complexes containing α4 revealed the presence of chaperones of the Hsp70/Ssa and Hsp110/Sse families. Consistently, certain small complexes containing α1, α2, and α4 were not formed in strains lacking these chaperones. Deletion of the SSE1 gene in combination with deletions of PRE9 (α3), PBA3, or UMP1 genes resulted in severe synthetic growth defects, high levels of ubiquitin-conjugates, and an accumulation of distinct small complexes with α subunits. Our study shows that Hsp70 and Hsp110 chaperones cooperate to promote the folding of individual α subunits and/or their assembly with other CP subunits, Ump1, and Pba1-Pba4 in subsequent steps.
12
Halimeh, Susan, Hannelore Rott, Manuela Siebert, and Guenther Kappert. "Is a Pbac-Score a Good Tool to Quantify Menorrhagia in Women with Von Willebrand Disease and Rare Bleeding Disorders?" Blood 120, no. 21 (November 16, 2012): 1133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.1133.1133.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Abstract 1133 Introduction: Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is the most common inherited bleeding disorder. VWD and other autosomal inherited bleeding disorders equally affect women and men. Menorrhagia or severe menstrual bleeding (HMB) is the most common symptom of women with bleeding disorders. HMB is defined as bleeding that lasts for more than seven days or as the loss of more than 80 mL of blood per menstrual cycle. The menstrual blood loss can be quantified by the use of a pictorial bleeding assessement chart (PBAC). Samples and methods: In 195 women with menorrhagia and in 45 controls menstrual blood loss was quantified using pictorial blood assesment charts (PBAC) and results were compared. Results: In 169 of 195 women (86%) a bleeding disorder could be detected. In those with a bleeding disorder, the distribution was as followed: 62% had a von Willebrand disease, 14,4% had a factor-VII-deficiency (F7D), 5% had a factor-XIII-deficiency (F13D) and the remaining 18,6% had other beedling disorders (e. g. hypofibrinogenaemia and other mild factor deficiencies). The median PBAC-Score of all patients was 268 (range: 10–4212). In our controi group of 45 women the median PBAC-Score was 46,5 (3- 137).ROC-Analysation shows that the PBAC (AUC=0.977) is much more useful than the number of bleeding days (AUC=0.855) in order to distingish controls from patients suffering from menorrhagia due to a coagulation disorder. We found that the best cutoff for the PBAC is 100 with an sensitifity of 88% and a specifity of 97%. Discussion: Attempts to measure the quantity of menstrual blood loss can be useful in clinic practice. One study found that variables predicting a blood loss higher than 80ml per menses were clots greater than one inch, low ferritin levels, or changing a pad or tampon more than hourly (flooding). A prospective method of quantifying menstrual blood loss includes the use of a pictorial bleeding assessement calendar (PBAC). We are of the opinion, that we would have detected more bleeding disorder also in the patients, where we did not find any diagnosis until now, if we would have controlled them more than one time during the cycle period. Conclusions: Women with hyermenorrhagia frequently suffer from a bleeding disorder, in 86% of our patients an abnormal coagulation was found. The PBAC-Score is an easy tool to quantify menstrual blood loss in women. In our study a PBAC-Score above 100 was suspicious of having a bleeding disorder. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
13
Simmons, Carol, and Tandy-Sue Copeland. "Questions to PBAC: Methotrexate." Australian Prescriber 35, no. 2 (April 1, 2012): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18773/austprescr.2012.028.
Full text
14
Jacobson, Amanda E., Sara K. Vesely, Myra Christian-Rancy, and Sarah H. O'Brien. "Mobile Application Vs. Paper Pictorial Blood Assessment Chart to Track Menses in Young Women: A Randomized Cross-over Design." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.1006.1006.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is the most common symptom for women with bleeding disorders. Major barriers to performing research in this field are difficulties in quantifying and tracking changes in menstrual bleeding, particularly in adolescents. The Pictorial Blood Assessment Chart (PBAC) score is often used to quantify severity of menstrual bleeding1. However, the traditional paper diary PBAC score is fraught with recall bias and compliance issues in adolescents. Utilizing mobile applications (apps) has great potential for improving health by assisting with behavior modification and disease self-management. Additionally, mobile apps can serve as a valuable medical research tool by facilitating rapid reporting. Objectives We developed a mobile app version of the PBAC score to enable adolescents to report and quantify menstrual bleeding. We evaluated patient satisfaction and compliance with mobile app reporting as compared to paper reporting. We hypothesized that adolescents would be compliant with mobile app reporting and would prefer this method over paper reporting. Methods This study was a randomized cross-over study of 25 post-menarchal females ages 13-21 years seen in the Hematology Clinics at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio. Inclusion criteria included: history of regularly occurring menstrual cycle and possession of a mobile application capable device (smart phone) with continuous service expected. Non-English speaking patients and patients intending to start a hormonal agent that may fully suppress menstrual bleeding were excluded. Subjects agreed to track menstrual bleeding in two consecutive menstrual cycles and were randomized to using the PBAC paper diary or the PBAC mobile app format first. At the end of each cycle, a 10-point response scale satisfaction questionnaire and a system usability scale (mobile app only) assessed the acceptability of the format of the diary used. Weekly email reminders were sent in both groups. Mobile device notifications and reminders were used in the mobile app group. To compare the satisfaction survey results, the Hills and Armitage method for analyzing cross-over data was used which included evaluation of period effect, group effect, and their interaction using a series of independent t-tests. Results The 25 subjects enrolled had a median age of 15 years (range 13-21 years). Eleven (44%) had identified bleeding disorders. Twenty-two (88%) could use phones in school. Subjects' PBAC scores did not have significant variability between the paper diary (median PBAC=95) and the mobile app (median PBAC=114). There was a median number of 2 entry times per day in both groups. There was no significant difference in the number of app entries subjects reported to study staff and the actual number recorded in the app. For the mobile app, twenty subjects (80%) had high compliance for reporting bleeding symptoms (app entries for >80% of cycle duration). There were no subjects with low compliance (app entries for <50% of cycle duration). All paper diaries received by study staff met definition for high compliance. The most common reasons subjects listed for missing a daily entry were 1) forgetting to enter data or 2) app not working. Results of the cross-over analysis showed that subject satisfaction was significantly higher for mobile app (mean satisfaction score of 9.5/40 with 4/40 being most satisfied) than for the paper diary (mean satisfaction score of 17.8/40) (p <0.001). Twenty (80%) subjects preferred the mobile app over the paper diary. There was no significant period effect or group by period interaction. Discussion This study demonstrated that a PBAC mobile app as compared to the PBAC paper diary was the preferred method of recording menstrual bleeding in adolescents and demonstrated feasibility as a research data collection tool. The app received stronger satisfaction scores and overall compliance was high. A PBAC mobile app is unique compared to publicly available apps because it allows girls and women to quantify their heaviness of flow during menses. Most menstrual tracking apps only track length of cycles or use qualitative assessments of bleeding. In a clinical setting, data from the PBAC app can allow providers to see real-time bleeding symptoms allowing for adjustments in therapy. 1Higham JM, O'Brien PM, Shaw RW. Assessment of menstrual blood loss using a pictorial chart. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1990:97(8):734-739. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
15
Reis, Henning, Ulrich Krafft, Christian Niedworok, Orsolya Módos, Thomas Herold, Mark Behrendt, Hikmat Al-Ahmadie, Boris Hadaschik, Peter Nyirady, and Tibor Szarvas. "Biomarkers in Urachal Cancer and Adenocarcinomas in the Bladder: A Comprehensive Review Supplemented by Own Data." Disease Markers 2018 (2018): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7308168.
Full textAbstract:
Urachal cancer (UrC) is a rare but aggressive cancer. Due to overlapping histomorphology, discrimination of urachal from primary bladder adenocarcinomas (PBAC) and adenocarcinomas secondarily involving the bladder (particularly colorectal adenocarcinomas, CRC) can be challenging. Therefore, we aimed to give an overview of helpful (immunohistochemical) biomarkers and clinicopathological factors in addition to survival analyses and included institutional data from 12 urachal adenocarcinomas. A PubMed search yielded 319 suitable studies since 1930 in the English literature with 1984 cases of UrC including 1834 adenocarcinomas (92%) and 150 nonadenocarcinomas (8%). UrC was more common in men (63%), showed a median age at diagnosis of 50.8 years and a median tumor size of 6.0 cm. No associations were noted for overall survival and progression-free survival (PFS) and clinicopathological factors beside a favorable PFS in male patients (p=0.047). The immunohistochemical markers found to be potentially helpful in the differential diagnostic situation are AMACR and CK34βE12 (UrC versus CRC and PBAC), CK7,β-Catenin and CD15 (UrC and PBAC versus CRC), and CEA and GATA3 (UrC and CRC versus PBAC). Serum markers like CEA, CA19-9 and CA125 might additionally be useful in the follow-up and monitoring of UrC.
16
Syarifah, Anis Satus. "Nanocurcumin Innovation as an Anti-Apoptosis of Ovarian Granulosa Cells in White Rats Exposed to Lead Acetate (PbAc)." Babali Nursing Research 3, no. 2 (July 30, 2022): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.37363/bnr.2022.3279.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Exposure to Pb causes increased apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells through oxidative stress mechanism. Curcumin has protective effects on reproductive organs, anti-apoptotic, antioxidant in normal cells. Curcumin in innovated nano form can function as an effective anti-apoptosis in ovarian granulosa cells of rats due to PbAc exposure.
Methods: Thirty female rats were divided into 3 groups, the negative control group (the rats receiving distilled water, in each 90 minutes receiving corn oil), positive control group (the rats receiving PbAc of 30 mg/kg BW, in each 90 minutes receiving corn oil), the experimental group, in which the rats receiving PbAc of 30 mg/kg BW, and in each 90 minutes receiving nanocurcumin of 200 mg/kg BW. All groups received treatment orally once a day for 30 days. On day 31 the rats to granulosa cell apoptosis examination using Tunnel method.
Results: Rate of apoptosis was in the positive control group (5.4 ± 0.8%/micro) and the lowest was in the experimental group (1.1 ± 0.5%/micro) and the negative control group (1.2 ± 0.6). The experimental group showed the same p value as the negative control group (p = .095) and different p value (p = .010) from the positive control group. These findings indicated that the innovation of curcumin in nano form at a dose of 200 mg/KgBW reduced apoptosis of rat ovarian granulosa cells due to PbAc exposure.
Conclusion: The innovation of curcumin in nano form has the potential as an effective natural anti-apoptosis in rats ovarian granulosa cells exposed to PbAc.
17
Gupta, Vinita, Anirban Das, Sujata Dalai, and Pallab Kumar Mistri. "Diosmin versus tranexamic acid in heavy menstrual bleeding: a randomized controlled trial." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 11, no. 12 (November 25, 2022): 3328. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20223125.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is defined as cyclical bleeding at regular intervals but excessive in amount which affect the physical, social and mental aspects of life of a woman. The prevalence is 10-30% in reproductive age women and 50% in perimenopausal women. HMB is not just a clinical burden but also a huge social and economic burden. The aims and objective of my study is to compare the efficacy of diosmin and tranexamic acid in acute HMB in terms of average duration of menstrual cycle, PBAC/PABC score, endometrial thickness, hemoglobin concentration and finally need for other modes of treatment.Methods: The study was a randomized control trial in which the patients (sample size-72) were divided into two groups- group D (n=36) and group T (n=36). Group D was treated with tab diosmin 500 mg thrice daily from day 1 to day 5 of menstrual cycle. Similarly group T was treated with tab tranexamic acid 500 mg thrice daily from day 1 to day 5 of menstrual cycle. The PBAC score was taken at the end of three months along with endometrial thickness and hemoglobin concentration. The results were compared with values obtained before initiating treatment.Results: In this study after 3 months of treatment; the patients in group D had an initial PBAC score of 423.52 and at the end of treatment it was decreased to 149.89 (p<0.0001). Reduction was 60.5%. Group T patients had an initial PBAC score of 441which was reduced to 177.94 (p<0.0001) after treatment. The reduction in this group was 59.6%.Conclusions: In this study it was found that both tranexamic acid and diosmin were effective in reduction of HMB, in terms of PBAC score, average duration of menstrual cycle and endometrial thickness. But the in reduction in PBAC score was similar in both the groups. The failure rates were also similar in both the groups, but improvements in hemoglobin concentration were only marginal
18
Pearce, Alison, Kees van Gool, Philip Haywood, and Marion Haas. "Delays in access to affordable medicines: putting policy into perspective." Australian Health Review 36, no. 4 (2012): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah11110.
Full textAbstract:
Background. To save costs, the Australian Government recently deferred approval of seven new medicines recommended by the Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee (PBAC) for up to 7 months. Objectives. The aim of this research is to examine the timelines of PBAC applications following approval by the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), allowing the recent Cabinet delays to be considered in the context of the overall medicines approval process. Methods. All new chemical entities and products for new indications approved in 2004 by the Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) were identified. Outcomes of PBAC meetings from 2004 to 2010 were then searched to identify if and when these products were reviewed by PBAC. Results. ADEC recommended 63 eligible products for registration in 2004. Of the 113 submissions made to PBAC for these products, 66 were successful. Only 43% of the products were submitted to PBAC within 2 years, with an average 17-month delay from TGA approval of a product to consideration by the PBAC. Conclusions. Cabinet decisions to defer listing of new medicines delays access to new treatments. This occurred in addition to other longer delays, earlier in the approval process for medicines, resulting in a significant impact on the overall timeliness of listing. What is known about the topic? There is evidence that the time from registration of new drugs on the TGA to their listing for subsidised availability is increasing. The government’s recent decision to delay the listing of seven new drugs for subsidisation raised concerns about the potential for additional delays to impact the accessibility of new, affordable medicines for patients. What does this paper add? This paper examines delays at various stages in the process of approval for pharmaceutical subsidies on the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS), putting the deferral of new medicine listings in the overall context of the approval process. It identifies the potential role of pharmaceutical companies and product sponsors in delaying access to new, affordable medicines early in the approval process. What are the implications for practitioners? Delays in the subsidisation of medicines, wherever they occur in the process, not only reduce patient access, but may also lead to pressure in other areas of the health care system to finance such medicines. This makes these results of particular interest to clinician managers, health care managers and policy makers.
19
Cai, Jesmine, Tina Wang, Neil McAuslane, and Lawrence Liberti. "OP171 Does Parallel Regulatory-Health Technology Assessment Reviews Affect Time To Health Technology Assessment Decisions?" International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 34, S1 (2018): 62–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462318001733.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction:Timely recommendation by Health Technology Assessment (HTA) agencies for drug reimbursement is critical to ensure patient access to medicines of therapeutic value. In this study, HTA performance was examined in terms of their outcome and timing by looking at how 103 drugs, which gained regulatory approval from 2013 to 2015, were assessed by HTA agencies from 2014 to 2016.Methods:Products must have received regulatory approval from one of the following regulatory agencies: EMA (Europe), Health Canada (Canada) and TGA (Australia). The first HTA recommendations were then collected from PBAC (Australia), CADTH (Canada), HAS (France), IQWiG (Germany), SMC (Scotland) and TLV (Sweden). The HTA decisions were classified as positive, positive with restrictions, negative and multiple.Results:Eighty-four drugs were approved in Europe before Australia and Canada. Of the studied HTA agencies, PBAC had the highest percentage of products recommended within a year from regulatory approval (93 percent). In addition, Australia had the shortest median time between first regulatory submission by any of the three agencies and HTA recommendation (553 days) as compared to Europe (616 days) and Canada (722 days). This can be attributed to the TGA/PBAC parallel process. However, Australia has the highest proportion of products receiving a negative PBAC recommendation (62 percent).Conclusions:The majority of drugs were first submitted for reimbursement in Europe, but the time from regulatory submission to HTA decision was the fastest in Australia. This can be attributed to the TGA/PBAC parallel review process, which showed its benefit in reducing the overall time. A parallel review process is also available in Canada; however, it is not utilized as frequently by companies as in Australia.
20
Bush, Eric E., James Kepner, Shannon Smiley, Linda Belling, and Zale P. Bernstein. "Assessment of Menorrhagia in Females Followed for Bleeding Disorders at the Hemophilia Center of Western New York-Correlation between Clinical Presentation and Laboratory Parameters." Blood 108, no. 11 (November 16, 2006): 3984. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.3984.3984.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Menorrhagia is a common problem among women. The cause of which, in some individuals, has been attributed to von Willebrand’s disease. The assessment of this condition has been hampered by the lack of easily available and consistent laboratory assessment of levels of this factor that correlate with the patient’s clinical presentation. Therefore we initiated a study to correlate the patient’s self assessment of their menorrhagia with their levels of von Willebrand’s factor (VWF) and platelet function. A peripheral blood assessment chart (PBAC) was utilized for patient self-assessment of blood loss during their menstrual cycle. The PBAC is a validated, well-established method which utilized a point system that quantifies the number and extent of soiling of tampons and pads used during a patient’s menstrual cycle. The PFA-100 has been used as an adjunct for lab assessment of platelet function. This is a high shear-inducing device which simulates primary hemostasis after injury to small vessel. This apparatus consists of a reservoir for whole blood and a small capillary surmounted by a collagen-coated membrane with a central aperture. Platelet agonist which is either epinephrine or ADP is present on the membrane. Closure time is reported as a variable which inversely corresponds with von Willebrand factor levels (or platelet function). Clinical correlation with its results are needed. In addition, blood samples were analyzed for Von Willebrand’s factor antigen (VWFA) and Ristocetin co-factor activity (RCOA) using a CLIA approved laboratory. We explored the relationship between PBAC, PFA-100 and VWFA and RCOA levels. Twenty-six patients were enrolled after obtaining an institutional board approved informed consent. Pearson association estimates and P values to assess the association between one month PBAC scores and PFA-100 showed 0.463 (with a p-value of 0.017). A similar analysis between one month PBAC scores and VWFA and RCOA showed 0.099 (p=0.632) and the association between PFA-100 and VWFA and RCOA showed an inverse relationship of −0.481 (p=0.013). These results confirm a correlation between VWFA and RCOA and assessment of platelet function utilizing a PFA-100. Furthermore, there was a correlation between PBAC scores and the results of the PFA-100. The association between PBAC scores and VWAF screening levels did not show significance. These results suggest further data are necessary to understand the relationship between these variables and further suggests that the PFA-100 may offer a more sensitive assessment of platelet function that correlates with clinical presentation than levels of VWFA or RCOA.
21
Mackellar, John. "Your questions to the PBAC." Australian Prescriber 23, no. 5 (October 1, 2000): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.18773/austprescr.2000.115.
Full text
22
Siderov, Jim. "Questions to the PBAC: Taxanes." Australian Prescriber 30, no. 1 (February 1, 2007): 24–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18773/austprescr.2007.010.
Full text
23
Blake, George. "Questions to the PBAC: Methylphenidate." Australian Prescriber 31, no. 3 (June 1, 2008): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.18773/austprescr.2008.043.
Full text
24
Shaw, Brendan. "Deferring PBAC decisions: industry view." Australian Prescriber 35, no. 1 (February 1, 2012): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.18773/austprescr.2012.002.
Full text
25
Shenfield, Gillian. "Questions to the PBAC: Gabapentin." Australian Prescriber 36, no. 3 (June 1, 2013): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.18773/austprescr.2013.040.
Full text
26
Doecke, Christopher J. "PBAC Recommendation versus PBS Approval." Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Research 41, no. 2 (June 2011): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2055-2335.2011.tb00668.x.
Full text
27
Ball, Graeme, Mitchell A. H. Levine, Lehana Thabane, and Jean-Eric Tarride. "Appraisals by Health Technology Assessment Agencies of Economic Evaluations Submitted as Part of Reimbursement Dossiers for Oncology Treatments: Evidence from Canada, the UK, and Australia." Current Oncology 29, no. 10 (October 13, 2022): 7624–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29100602.
Full textAbstract:
Publicly funded healthcare systems, including those in Canada, the United Kingdom (UK), and Australia, often use health technology assessment (HTA) to inform drug reimbursement decision-making, based on dossiers submitted by manufacturers, and HTA agencies issue publicly available reports to support funding recommendations. However, the level of information reported by HTA agencies in these reports may vary. To provide insights on this issue, we describe and assess the reporting of economic methods in recent oncology HTA recommendations from the Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH), National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), and Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee (PBAC). Publicly available HTA recommendations and reports for oncology drugs issued by CADTH over a 2-year period, 2019–2020, were identified and compared with the corresponding HTA documents from NICE and the PBAC. Reporting of key model characteristics and attributes, survival analysis methods, methodological criticisms, and re-assessment of the economic results were characterized using descriptive statistics. Dichotomous differences in the methodological criticisms observed between the three agencies were assessed using Cochran’s Q tests and substantiated using pairwise McNemar tests. Chi-squared tests were used to assess the dichotomous differences in the reporting of methods and explore the potential relationships between categorical variables, where appropriate. HTAs published by CADTH, NICE, and the PBAC consistently reported a broad spectrum of descriptive information on the economic models submitted by manufacturers. While common economic evaluation attributes were well-reported across the three HTA agencies, significant differences in the reporting of survival analysis methods and methodological criticisms were observed. NICE consistently reported more comprehensive information, compared to either CADTH or PBAC. Despite these differences, broadly similar recommendation rates were observed between CADTH and NICE. The PBAC was found to be more restrictive. Based on our 2-year sample of oncology, the HTAs published by CADTH matched with the corresponding HTAs from NICE and PBAC; we observed important variations in the reporting of economic evidence, especially technical aspects, such as survival analysis, across the three agencies. In addition to guidelines for HTA submissions by manufacturers, the community of HTA agencies should also have common standards for reporting the results of their assessments, though the information and opinions reported may differ.
28
Chollet, M., P. Lindsay, and F. Gonzalo. "PHP38 COMPLEXITY INCREASES UNCERTAINTY:THE IMPACT OF PBAC GUIDELINES (VERSION 4) ON PBAC DECISION-MAKING." Value in Health 13, no. 7 (November 2010): A539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1098-3015(11)73244-2.
Full text
29
Climacosa, Fresthel Monica M., Ruby Anne N. King, Bobbie Marie M. Santos, and Salvador Eugenio C. Caoili. "Development and Characterization of Polymeric Peptides for Antibody Tagging of Bacterial Targets." Protein & Peptide Letters 27, no. 10 (November 2, 2020): 962–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929866527666200427212940.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Microbe-Binding Peptides (MBPs) are currently being investigated to address the problem of antimicrobial resistance. Strategies enhancing their antimicrobial activity have been developed, including peptide dimerization. Here, we present an alternative approach based on peptide polymerization, yielding hapten-labelled polymeric MBPs that mediate tagging of bacteria with anti-hapten antibodies, for enhanced immune recognition by host phagocytes. Methods: C-terminally amidated analogs of the bacterial-binding peptide IIGGR were synthesized, with or without addition of cysteine residues at both N- and C-termini. Peptides were subjected to oxidizing conditions in a dimethyl-sulfoxide/water solvent system, and polymerization was demonstrated using SDS-PAGE. Peptides were then N-terminally labelled with a trinitrophenyl (TNP) group using trinitrobenzene sulfonate (TNBS). Binding to representative bacteria was demonstrated by ELISA using anti-TNP antibodies and was quantified as half-maximal effective concentration (EC50). Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and concentration yielding 50% hemolysis (H50) were estimated. Neutrophil phagocytic index was determined for TNP-labelled polymeric bacterial- binding peptide (Pbac) with anti-TNP antibodies and/or serum complement. Results: Polydisperse Pbac was synthesized. EC50 was lower for Pbac than for the corresponding monomeric form (Mbac), for both Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. MIC and H50 were >250μg/mL for both Pbac and Mbac. A complement-independent increase in neutrophil phagocytic index was observed for E. coli treated with TNP-labelled Pbac in conjunction with anti-TNP antibodies. Conclusion: Our data suggest that hapten-labelled polymeric bacterial-binding peptides may easily be produced from even crude synthetic oligopeptide precursors, and that such bacterial-binding peptides in conjunction with cognate anti-hapten antibodies can enhance immune recognition of bacteria by host phagocytes.
30
Mani, Ankita, Kanchan Sharma, Arun Kumar, and R. K. Talukdar. "Selective estrogen receptor modulator: efficacy in abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal women." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 8, no. 4 (March 26, 2019): 1495. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20191206.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding affects 50% women of perimenopausal age group. The use of ormeloxifene (SERMS) in management of AUB is well known. The objective of the present study was aimed to see the effects of ormeloxifene on different types of endometrium.in the medical management of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB).Methods: It was Prospective, interventional study. A total of 90 women who attended Outpatient Gynaecology Department, Guwahati with complain of AUB in perimenopausal age group (37-48) were prescribed 60mg ormeloxifene twice weekly for 3 months followed by once weekly for next 3 months after preliminary D and C.Results: Ormeloxifene was found to be more effective in reducing PBAC score and ET in patients with proliferative and secretory endometrium The reduction in mean PBAC score with ormeloxifene (175.3 to 20.93)(p value 0.0001) and ET (9.6 to 2.9 mm) (p value 0.0001) in proliferative endometrium, (179.2 to 14.8 (p value 0.0001) ) and ET 11.1 to 1.9 mm (p value 0.0003)in secretory endometrium was observed after 6 months. However, it was found not to be effective in reducing PBAC score and ET in patients with atrophic endometrium. Change in PBAC SCORE from 176.4 to 150.8 (p value 0.08) and in ET from 2.8 to 2.1mm( p value 0.3) was observed. No major side effects were reported.Conclusions: Ormeloxifene is effective in AUB with proliferative and secretory endometrium.
31
ONUNKWOR, B. O., R. N. UGBAJA, D. A. OMONIYI, and A. O. DOSUMU. "THE COMPARATIVE ROLE OF ASCORBATE AND CHELATORS IN REVERSING OXIDATIVE STRESS, HEPATIC AND RENAL DYSFUNCTION IN SUB-ACUTE LEAD POISONING." Journal of Natural Sciences Engineering and Technology 14, no. 1 (March 2, 2016): 89–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.51406/jnset.v14i1.1496.
Full textAbstract:
Lead has been implicated in the induction of reactive species production, leading to organ dysfunctions. The ameliorative roles of ascorbate and chelators in acute lead poisoning were comparatively studied in thirty-five male Wistar rats (150-200g), segregated into 5 groups (n=7/Group): group 1(administered normal saline),ª¤? groups 2-5 were orally exposed to 75mg/kg body weight lead acetate (PbAc) daily for 14 days. Pre-therapy blood samples were collected to ascertain blood lead level (BLL) and catalase activity 24hours after the last PbAc exposure. Groups 3, 4, and 5 were then treated with 30mg/kg body weight D-penicillamine; 30mg/kg body weight succimer; and 500mg/kg body weight ascorbate respectively for 10 days, followed by the assay for indices of oxidative stress, hepatic and renal dysfunctions.ª¤? Results obtained showed significantly elevated BLL in the four groups exposed to PbAc. which were significantly reversed about 2 folds in groups 3-5 after therapeutic interventions. Pre-therapy blood catalase activity of the PbAc treated groups was significantly (p<0.05) reduced by 39% when compared with the control group, however ascorbate significantly (p<0.05) increased catalase activity by 2 folds above the control; decreased plasma activities of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine among the groups administered therapeutics. These findings indicate that ascorbate is more effectiveª¤?
32
Kouides, Peter A., John A. Heit, Claire S. Philipp, Sid F. Stein, Andrea S. Lukes, Vanessa R. Byams, Nicole F. Dowling, et al. "A Multi-Site, Prospective Cross-Over Study of Intranasal Desmopressin and Oral Tranexamic Acid in Women with Menorrhagia and Abnormal Laboratory Hemostasis." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.711.711.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Menorrhagia is a common health problem affecting ∼5-10% of women. The optimal management of menorrhagia among women with abnormal laboratory hemostasis is uncertain. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of intranasal desmopressin (IN-DDAVP) vs. oral tranexamic acid (TA) on menstrual blood loss (MBL) and quality of life (QOL). Methods: In a cross-over study design, 117 consenting women 18–50 years of age with menorrhagia (defined as subjective report of heavy bleeding and a pictorial blood assessment chart [PBAC] score > 100) with a negative gynecological evaluation and abnormal laboratory hemostasis (62% platelet dysfunction, 15% von Willebrand disease, 23% other coagulation defect or combined) were randomly assigned to initial IN-DDAVP or TA therapy each for two menstrual cycles, followed by cross-over to the second study drug for an additional two cycles. MBL by PBAC was measured at baseline and after each menstrual cycle while QOL was assessed by four validated instruments: Health Related Quality of Life (HRQOL), SF-36®, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Ruta menorrhagia questionnaire. Results: There was a statistically significant decrease in the PBAC for both treatments. On average, the estimated decrease in the PBAC from baseline for IN-DDAVP was −66.0 (CI = (−89.5, −42.6)) and for TA, −107.8 (CI = (−131.5, −84.1)). The decrease in the PBAC score was larger for TA with a difference of 41.8 (p-value = 0.0002, CI = (20.4, 63.2)) between the two treatments. In the multivariable analysis, the test for treatment-cycle number interaction was not significant, suggesting no carry-over effect. The test for a treatment type effect was significant (p<0.0001) suggesting a greater reduction in PBAC score with TA compared to IN-DDAVP. Both IN-DDAVP and TA generally improved QOL as assessed by each of the four instruments. Over-all, the Ruta Menorrhagia Questionnaire and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale measurements showed the most statistically significant improvements. Conclusion: Both TA and IN-DDDAVP reduce MBL and improve QOL in females with menorrhagia and abnormal laboratory hemostasis.The significance of these findings are underscored by the fact that prior studies of menorrhagia treatment in these patients have not included validated QOL instruments. The marked improvement in MBL and QOL noted with TA and IN-DDAVP appears to justify hemostasis screening in women presenting with menorrhagia for whom no gynecological cause can be found.
33
Saha, Tarnima, Meenakshi K. Bharadwaj, and Shakti Vardhan. "A randomized controlled trial to study the efficacy of intravaginal hormonal ring for control of heavy menstrual bleeding as compared to combined oral contraceptive pills." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 9, no. 3 (February 27, 2020): 1205. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20200901.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is one of the commonest presenting complaints in reproductive age group. Although combined oral contraceptives (COCs) are commonly used in such patients, combined hormones by intravaginal route has been found acceptable and effective. Aim of the study is to compare the efficacy and side effects of combined intravaginal hormonal ring (IHR) with COCs in control of HMB in these patients.Methods: Hundred women with HMB fulfilling inclusion criteria were randomized into two equal groups and treated with either IHR or COCs for three cycles. Each cycle consisted of three weeks of IHR/COC use followed by 1-week ring-free/non-hormonal pills period. Outcome measures were change in PBAC score (pictorial blood loss assessment chart), hemoglobin rise, side effects and overall patient satisfaction.Results: The percentage reduction in PBAC score, the duration of menses and increase in hemoglobin levels were statistically significant at the end of study in each group. The PBAC score reduction was 87.37% vs 61.52%, menses duration was 4.24±0.74 versus 5.16±1.67, and hemoglobin increase was 3.16 (95% CI:0.142-1.412) and 1.24 (95% CI:1.048-1.640) in the IHR versus COC group. However, the intergroup reduction of mean PBAC score was not statistically significant. Significantly more ring users were satisfied and elected to continue with treatment.Conclusions: Both the IHR and COCs are effective treatments for HMB in reproductive age group. IHR may be an attractive option for HMB due to better compliance and lesser systemic side-effects.
34
Keizer, A. L., L. L. Niewenhuis, W. J. K. Hehenkamp, J. W. R. Twisk, H. A. M. Brölmann, and J. A. F. Huirne. "Fibroid vascularisation assessed with 3D Power Doppler as predictor for fibroid related symptoms and quality of life; a pilot study." Facts, Views and Vision in ObGyn 13, no. 4 (December 2021): 387–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.52054/fvvo.13.4.044.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Uterine fibroids present differently, from well vascularised up to calcified, with some causing heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB). Objectives: To investigate the association between fibroid vascularisation and HMB, other fibroid related symptoms and quality of life (QOL). Materials and Methods: A single centre pilot study was carried out in the Netherlands. Women with a maximum of two fibroids who chose expectant management were included. 3D sonography including power doppler was performed at baseline and at 3, 6 and 12 months follow up. Women were asked to complete the Pictorial Blood Assessment Chart (PBAC) and Uterine Fibroid Symptom and Quality of Life (UFS-QOL) questionnaires at every visit. Main outcome measure: The association between fibroid vascularisation and HMB. Results: 53 women were included in the study. Baseline fibroid vascularisation, measured as vascular index (VI) is associated with PBAC score; a 1% higher VI at baseline leads to an 11 point increase in PBAC score over time (RC 10.99, p=0.05, 95% CI -0.15 – 22.12). After correction for the baseline variables ethnicity and fibroid type the association becomes stronger (P<0.05). Fibroid volume at baseline and HMB are also associated: a 1 cm3 larger fibroid leads to 0.6 points increase in PBAC score over time (RC 0.56, p=0.03, 95% CI 0.05 – 1.07). Conclusions: This study highlights that both fibroid vascularisation and fibroid volume may be associated with an increase in menstrual blood loss, other fibroid related symptoms and QOL over time. What is new? We used 3D power doppler to predict symptomatic fibroids.
35
Turkstra, Erika, Emilie Bettington, Maria L. Donohue, and Merehau C. Mervin. "PHARMACEUTICAL BENEFITS ADVISORY COMMITTEE RECOMMENDATIONS IN AUSTRALIA." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 33, no. 4 (2017): 521–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462317000617.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine submissions made to the Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee (PBAC) and assess whether the predicted financial impact was associated with a recommendation. The second objective was to assess whether the financial and utilization estimates for listing the proposed medicine were reliable.Methods: Data were extracted from public summary documents of major submissions considered by the PBAC from 2012 to 2014. Information collected included whether submissions were accepted, rejected, or deferred; estimated use; and financial impact. For those submissions that were recommended in 2012 and listed on the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) by January 2014, a comparison was made between predicted and actual use and cost in 2014, based on PBS utilization.Results: In 2012 to 2014, the PBAC considered 142 unique major submissions; of those, 65 were recommended for listing. A higher financial cost to the government was a statistically significant factor in predicting rejection (p = .004 for cost > AUD 30 million Australian dollars [20.7 million Euros] compared with cost-saving). Of the submissions that were recommended in 2012 and listed by 2014, the actual use was higher than predicted for 5/19 medications. The estimated cost was outside the predicted bracket of cost for 10/19 medications, with 8/19 medications having threefold underestimated expenditure, and 2/19 items having lower than predicted expenditure.Conclusions: This study highlights that the predicted financial impact of a medication to the PBS budget is associated with a PBAC recommendation and also highlights that predicted use may not reflect actual prescribing practices.
36
Gupta, Sweta, Megan A. Lemanczyk, Pamela A. Christopherson, Ke Yan, Raymond G. Hoffmann, Michael R. Lund, Robert R. Montgomery, and Joan Cox Gill. "Cross Sectional Study to Evaluate the Utility of Screening Tools to Identify Low Von Willebrand Factor Levels In Women with Menorrhagia (ZPMCB-VWD)." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): 3839. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.3839.3839.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Abstract 3839 Menorrhagia is a common symptom of haemostatic disorders and often triggers an evaluation for a bleeding disorder. Clinical screening tools, to identify women with menorrhagia who have an underlying bleeding disorder, are very desirable. Scoring systems to quantify menstrual blood loss in women, the Pictorial Blood Loss Assessment Chart, (PBAC), and to assess the severity of bleeding symptoms in individuals diagnosed with von Willebrand disease (VWD), European Union Bleeding Score (EU-BS) (MCMDM-1VWD), were evaluated for their ability to predict the presence of low von Willebrand factor (VWF) level in a cohort of 150 women recruited from an outpatient gynecology clinic. One of us (SG or ML) completed a PBAC and an EU Bleeding questionnaire with the participant. Menorrhagia cases were defined by a PBAC ≥185 and controls by a PBAC<185 (n=75 in each group). Complete blood count (CBC), ABO blood group, VWF activity (VWF:RCo) and VWF antigen (VWF:Ag) were measured in all subjects. Due to the variability in the laboratory testing of VWF: RCo and to capture all women with low levels, low VWF level was defined as VWF:RCo or VWF:Ag’60 IU/dl in our study. PBAC score correlated with the presence of menorrhagia defined by the menorrhagia score of MCMDM-1VWD (Spearman's Rank correlation coefficient, r=0.51, p<0.0001). PBAC of ≥185 had a sensitivity and specificity of 86% and 64% for predicting a menorrhagia score≥1 (AUC=0.80, p<0.0001). When women were evaluated for bleeding symptoms using the EU questionnaire, the most common bleeding symptom in the entire cohort was bruising in 42% followed by menorrhagia in 35%. Compared to women without menorrhagia, women with menorrhagia had an increased frequency of other bleeding symptoms including bleeding with invasive procedures (bleeding with tooth extraction 11% vs. 1% and bleeding with surgery 12% vs. 4%), post partum hemorrhage 15% vs. 8% and epistaxis 11% vs. 4%. Of the 150 women, 20 had an overall EU score of ≥4, mean 7.5 (range 4–22) indicating significant bleeding symptoms including menorrhagia and bruising in 85%, bleeding after surgical procedures in 45% followed by post partum hemorrhage and epistaxis in 35 %. Comparing menorrhagia cases to controls, the statistically significant difference between the two groups was in the median overall EU-BS (1 vs. 0, p=0.007) and poor wound healing with frequent scarring (24% vs. 9.3%, p=0.027).We found that 21.3% women with menorrhagia had low VWF level (VWF:RCo or VWF:Ag ≤ 60 IU/dl) compared to 14.6% women without menorrhagia (p =0.28). Comparing the 27 subjects with low VWF level with the 123 subjects with normal VWF level, the median VWF:RCo was 47 vs. 101IU/dl (p<0.0001), median PBAC was 234 vs. 176 (p=0.34), median EU-BS was 0 in both groups. There was no predictive correlation between the PBAC score and VWF:RCo (Spearman's Rank correlation coefficient r=0.05, p=0.54) and between the EU-BS and VWF: RCo level (Spearman's Rank correlation coefficient, r=0.07, p=0.37). The only predictor of low VWF: RCo was blood group O (OR: 8.9, 95% CI 2.9–27.6). The majority (87%) of blood group O subjects with low VWF level did not have a bleeding phenotype (EU-BS ≤3).In our cohort, the predictor of post partum hemorrhage was menorrhagia (OR: 4.1, 95% CI-1.4-11.8, p=0.009) and the only predictor of surgical bleeding and bleeding with tooth extraction was bleeding from minor wounds (OR: 11,95% CI-2.5-47, p=0.001; OR: 34,95% CI-6.9-166, p<0.0001 respectively). We conclude that PBAC is an easy and quick method for assessing the severity of menorrhagia in an outpatient setting. A score of ≥185 can be reliably used to diagnose clinical menorrhagia and as a threshold score to screen for other bleeding symptoms using the EU questionnaire. Women with menorrhagia are more likely to have bleeding with other invasive procedures, post partum bleeding and epistaxis. Menorrhagia could be a surrogate marker for an underlying bleeding disorder or a connective tissue disorder as reflected by the higher EU-BS and symptoms of poor wound healing in women with increased menstrual blood loss. We could not determine a PBAC score or EU-BS that could be used to identify women with low VWF. Low VWF level correlated best with blood group O, however a majority of these women did not have a bleeding phenotype (EU-BS≤3). Studies in a large cohort of women to identify reliable predictors of clinical bleeding are warranted. Disclosures: Gill: CSL Behring: Research Funding.
37
Campbell, Geoffrey L. "Your questions to the PBAC: Rifampicin." Australian Prescriber 17, no. 4 (October 1, 1994): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.18773/austprescr.1994.099.
Full text
38
Lord, Richard. "Your questions to the PBAC: Celecoxib." Australian Prescriber 24, no. 1 (February 1, 2001): 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.18773/austprescr.2001.005.
Full text
39
Day, Phil. "Your questions to the PBAC: Bisphosphonates." Australian Prescriber 24, no. 2 (April 1, 2001): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18773/austprescr.2001.038.
Full text
40
Pearson, Kristen. "Your questions to the PBAC: Adrenaline." Australian Prescriber 28, no. 4 (August 1, 2005): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18773/austprescr.2005.072.
Full text
41
Annetts, Peter. "Questions to the PBAC: Influenza vaccination." Australian Prescriber 30, no. 3 (June 1, 2007): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.18773/austprescr.2007.050.
Full text
42
Djukic, Svetlana, Nebojsa Andjelkovic, Vladimir Vukomanovic, Ivana Simic-Vukomanovic, Aleksandar Djukic, and Jovan Antovic. "Clinical significance of diagnostic algorithm in detection of mild hemostasis disorders in women with menorrhagia." Vojnosanitetski pregled 77, no. 6 (2020): 601–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp180330123d.
Full textAbstract:
Background/Aim. Coagulation disorders could be a cause of menorrhagia in women of reproductive age. The aim of the study was to estimate frequency of coagulation disorders and design an appropriate algorithm for detection of coagulation disorders. Methods. We investigated coagulation in 115 women (36.1 ? 9.6 years) with anamnestic data of menorrhagia, verified using semiquantitative method ? Pictorial Bleeding Assessment Chart (PBAC) with score ? 100. Results. Menorrhagia was objectively verified in sixty-four women (55.7%) and in comparison with those with normal menstruation they had higher PBAC score of menstrual cycle [median (Md) = 150.0 vs. Md = 50.0; p < 0.001] but not its duration (7.2 ? 2.1 days vs. 7.3 ? 1.9 days; p > 0.05). Coagulation defects was found in 12 (10.4%) women ? decreased F IX: Ac in 4 (3.5%), decreased F VII: Ac in 1 (0.9%), decreased F X: Ac in 1 (0.9%), decreased F XI: Ac in 1 woman (0.9%), while 5 (4.3%) women matched criteria for mild von Willebrand disease (VWD) type 1. Women with coagulation disorders had prolonged prothrombin time (PT) [Md = 13.1 s, range: 12.2?14.8 s vs. Md = 12.5 s, range 10.6?18.3 s; p = 0.032]. Anemia was diagnosed in 61 (53.0%) women. The strongest predictor of the hemostasis disorder was menorrhagia (Quotient of probability 0.018), then anemia presence (12.43), P? (2.35), menstrual cycle duration (1.16) and the PBAC score (0.98). Conclusion. The results of the study indicate the need to form a diagnostic algorithm for hemostasis disorders, primarily VWD. Sophisticated analysis of hemostasis is required, especially if predictive factors of statistical models are detected: objectively verified menorrhagia, anemia, prolonged menstrual cycle, PBAC score > 100 and extended PT.
43
Liu, Fei, Jia Qiu, Jinggang Wang, Junwu Zhang, Haining Na, and Jin Zhu. "Role of cis-1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid in the regulation of the structure and properties of a poly(butylene adipate-co-butylene 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate) copolymer." RSC Advances 6, no. 70 (2016): 65889–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra13495e.
Full text
44
Turkstra, Erika, George Duo Wang, Lok Wan Liu, and Silvy Mardiguian. "PP165 The Resurrection Of The Cost-Minimization Approach In England." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 34, S1 (2018): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462318002891.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction:For almost 20 years (1999–2017), the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) focused primarily on cost utility analyses (CUA) for its health technology appraisals. This changed on the 01 April 2017, when a new fast track appraisal process was introduced for technologies that offer exceptional value for money. Under this process, a cost-comparison analysis can be included for technologies that are likely to provide similar or greater health benefits at a similar or lower cost to comparator technologies already recommended by NICE. This is in contrast to other jurisdictions (e.g. Scotland and Australia) that have long accepted cost-comparison analyses such as cost-minimization analyses (CMA) when a technology has comparable efficacy to relevant comparators. This research aimed to investigate if this new approach will have an impact on future appraisalsMethods:Publically available technology appraisal documents from NICE, Scottish Medicines Consortium (SMC), and Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee (PBAC) were screened (01/01/2016-01/12/2016), and the supportive economic analyses were identified and extracted.Results:In 2016, the proportion of CMA submissions that formed the basis of technology appraisals were 0/53 (0 percent), 17/55 (31 percent) and 25/82 (30 percent) for NICE, SMC and PBAC, respectively. The likelihood that a technology was recommended (with or without restrictions) for those technologies that were assessed using a CUA was 60 percent, 66 percent and 33 percent for NICE, SMC and PBAC, respectively, while technologies that were assessed using a CMA were associated with higher positive recommendation rates: 76 percent and 76 percent for SMC and PBAC, respectively.Conclusions:Incorporating a cost-minimization approach may result in more technologies being recommended by NICE through the fast track appraisal process, whereby the likelihood of a technology having a positive recommendation is much greater than the standard appraisal process.
45
Halimeh, Susan, Lava A. Talat Sharief, Andrew S. Lawrie, Guenther Kappert, Ian J. Mackie, Flora Peyvandi, and Rezan A. Kadir. "Plasma FXIII LEVEL Variations During Menstrual CYCLE." Blood 122, no. 21 (November 15, 2013): 4777. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.4777.4777.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction Factor XIII (FXIII) has an important role in the control of bleeding through fibrin cross-linking. While many physiological factors affect plasma FXIII level, the effect of the menstrual cycle is not fully understood.Aim: The study aimed to assess possible changes in plasma FXIII activity during the normal menstrual cycle and to assess any correlation between FXIII activity during the menstrual phase and the menstrual blood loss. Methods In this longitudinal study, a total of 32 women of reproductive age were recruited. Menstrual blood loss was measured using the pictorial blood-assessment chart (PBAC). A bleeding questionnaire and score were also completed. Blood samples were taken during menstrual phase (day 1-5), proliferative phase (day 6-11), periovulatory phase (day 12-17), secretory phase (days 18-23), and premenstrual phase (day 24-29) for assessment of FXIII level using quantitative ammonia release assay. Results Mean FXIII level was significantly lowest during menstrual and periovulatory phases of the cycle (114 IU/dL) compared to secretory (121 IU/dL) and premenstrual (122 IU/dL) phases (p=0.036). No significant correlation between FXIII activity during menstrual phase and women age (p= 0.53) or PBAC score (p=0.53). Among 14 women with PBAC score ≥ 100, the median FXIII activity during the menstrual phase of the cycle was 116 IU/dL, this was not statistically different from group with PBAC score <100 (113 IU/dL) (p = 0.72). Conclusion FXIII activity was lowest during the menstrual and periovulatory phases of the cycle. Understanding these changes in FXIII during menstrual cycle will help clinicians to perform blood tests during appropriate phase of the menstrual cycle and to capture the baseline level. Disclosures: Halimeh: Octapharma AG: Investigator Other, Research Funding.
46
St-Jean, Julien R., Marc Desforges, Fernando Almazán, Hélène Jacomy, Luis Enjuanes, and Pierre J. Talbot. "Recovery of a Neurovirulent Human Coronavirus OC43 from an Infectious cDNA Clone." Journal of Virology 80, no. 7 (April 1, 2006): 3670–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.80.7.3670-3674.2006.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT This study describes the assembly of a full-length cDNA clone of human coronavirus (HCoV)-OC43 in a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC). The BAC containing the full-length infectious cDNA (pBAC-OC43FL) was assembled using a two-part strategy. The first step consisted in the introduction of each end of the viral genome into the BAC with accessory sequences allowing proper transcription. The second step consisted in the insertion of the whole HCoV-OC43 cDNA genome into the BAC. To produce recombinant viral particles, pBAC-OC43FL was transfected into BHK-21 cells. Recombinant virus displayed the same phenotypic properties as the wild-type virus, including infectious virus titers produced in cell culture and neurovirulence in mice.
47
Gett, Swati, and Shruti Singh. "Comparison between Ormeloxifene and Norethisterone in reducing menorrhagia in dysfunctional uterine bleeding." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 7, no. 12 (November 26, 2018): 4966. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20184949.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding (DUB) is a condition that affects nearly every woman at some point in her life. This study aims to compare the efficacy of Ormeloxifene and Norethisterone in reducing menorrhagia in such patients.Methods: This prospective study was done on 100 women presenting with dysfunctional uterine bleeding, of 20-50 years of age, who were ready for follow-up and were allocated into two equal groups, one was given Ormeloxifene and the other was given Norethisterone for a period of 3 months. Haemoglobin levels, endometrial thickness on ultrasound and Pictorial Blood loss Assessment Chart (PBAC) scores were assessed before and after the treatment.Results: It was found that both Ormeloxifene and Norethisterone reduced menorrhagia, with a significant difference in PBAC scores (p value <0.05). There was a notable reduction in PBAC scores in Ormeloxifene group (66.53% change from pretreatment mean value) as compared to Norethisterone group (31.38% change from pretreatment mean value); and same holds true for the change in haemoglobin levels as well as endometrial thickness. Ormeloxifene was found to have a greater effect on heavy menstrual bleeding in comparison to Norethisterone.Conclusions: Ormeloxifene is a new modality and is found to be a better option in reducing menorrhagia in DUB in respect to a greater success rate, better compliance and cost effectiveness.
48
Wang, Chenghong, Qing Chen, Rui Wang, Chao Shi, Xin Yan, Jian He, Qing Hong, and Shunpeng Li. "A Novel Angular Dioxygenase Gene Cluster Encoding 3-Phenoxybenzoate 1′,2′-Dioxygenase in Sphingobium wenxiniae JZ-1." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 80, no. 13 (April 18, 2014): 3811–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00208-14.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTSphingobium wenxiniaeJZ-1 utilizes a wide range of pyrethroids and their metabolic product, 3-phenoxybenzoate, as sources of carbon and energy. A mutant JZ-1 strain, MJZ-1, defective in the degradation of 3-phenoxybenzoate was obtained by successive streaking on LB agar. Comparison of the draft genomes of strains JZ-1 and MJZ-1 revealed that a 29,366-bp DNA fragment containing a putative angular dioxygenase gene cluster (pbaA1A2B) is missing in strain MJZ-1. PbaA1, PbaA2, and PbaB share 65%, 52%, and 10% identity with the corresponding α and β subunits and the ferredoxin component of dioxin dioxygenase fromSphingomonas wittichiiRW1, respectively. Complementation ofpbaA1A2Bin strain MJZ-1 resulted in the active 3-phenoxybenzoate 1′,2′-dioxygenase, but the enzyme activity inEscherichia coliwas achieved only through the coexpression ofpbaA1A2Band a glutathione reductase (GR)-type reductase gene,pbaC, indicating that the 3-phenoxybenzoate 1′,2′-dioxygenase belongs to a type IV Rieske non-heme iron aromatic ring-hydroxylating oxygenase system consisting of a hetero-oligomeric oxygenase, a [2Fe-2S]-type ferredoxin, and a GR-type reductase. ThepbaCgene is not located in the immediate vicinity ofpbaA1A2B. 3-Phenoxybenzoate 1′,2′-dioxygenase catalyzes the hydroxylation in the 1′ and 2′ positions of the benzene moiety of 3-phenoxybenzoate, yielding 3-hydroxybenzoate and catechol. Transcription ofpbaA1A2BandpbaCwas induced by 3-phenoxybenzoate, but the transcriptional level ofpbaCwas far less than that ofpbaA1A2B, implying the possibility that PbaC may not be the only reductase that can physiologically transfer electrons to PbaA1A2B in strain JZ-1. Some GR-type reductases from other sphingomonad strains could also transfer electrons to PbaA1A2B, suggesting that PbaA1A2B has a low specificity for reductase.
49
Fry, FK. "Your questions to the PBAC: Warfarin tablets." Australian Prescriber 20, no. 2 (April 1, 1997): 33–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18773/austprescr.1997.031.
Full text
50
Tiller, J. W. G. "Your questions to the PBAC: Authority prescriptions." Australian Prescriber 20, no. 3 (July 1, 1997): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18773/austprescr.1997.057.
Full text