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Books on the topic 'Patient safety outcomes'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Romanelli, John R., Jonathan M. Dort, Rebecca B. Kowalski, and Prashant Sinha, eds. The SAGES Manual of Quality, Outcomes and Patient Safety. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94610-4.

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2

Romanelli, John R., Jonathan M. Dort, Rebecca B. Kowalski, and Prashant Sinha, eds. The SAGES Manual of Quality, Outcomes and Patient Safety. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94610-4.

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3

Tichansky, MD, FACS, David S., John Morton, MD, MPH, and Daniel B. Jones, eds. The SAGES Manual of Quality, Outcomes and Patient Safety. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7901-8.

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4

Society of American Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons, ed. The SAGES manual of quality, outcomes, and patient safety. New York: Springer, 2012.

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5

Rayburn, William F., and Paul A. Gluck. Patient safety in obstetrics and gynecology: Improving outcomes, reducing risks. Philadelphia: Saunders, 2008.

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6

McBride, Susan, and Mari Tietze. Nursing informatics for the advanced practice nurse: Patient safety, quality, outcomes, and interprofessionalism. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company, LLC, 2016.

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7

Purdy, Newhouse Robin, and Poe Stephanie, eds. Measuring patient safety. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 2005.

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8

McGillis, Hall Linda, ed. Quality work environments for nurse and patient safety. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 2005.

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9

Patient safety: The PROACT root cause analysis approach. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2008.

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10

Dort, Jonathan M., Rebecca B. Kowalski, John R. Romanelli, and Prashant Sinha. SAGES Manual of Quality, Outcomes and Patient Safety. Springer International Publishing AG, 2022.

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11

Salem, Deeb N. Quality Measures: The Revolution in Patient Safety and Outcomes. Springer, 2020.

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12

M, Napolitano Lena, ed. Perioperative issues for surgeons: Improving patient safety and outcomes. Philadelphia: Saunders, 2005.

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13

Vitale, Michael. Safety in Spine Surgery: Transforming Patient Care and Optimizing Outcomes. LWW, 2019.

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14

High-Reliability Healthcare: Improving Patient Safety and Outcomes with Six Sigma. Health Administration Press, 2017.

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15

Winters, Bradford D., and Peter J. Pronovost. Patient safety in the ICU. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0016.

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While patient safety and quality have become a major focus of health care providers, policy makers, and customers over the last decade and a half, progress has been limited and wide quality gaps, where patient do not receive the care they should, remain. While technical improvements have gone a long way in these efforts, adaptive improvements in the culture of safety need to be more vigorously addressed. Likewise, quality metrics and a scientific approach to patient safety is necessary to ensure that interventions actually work. The Comprehensive Unit Safety Program (CUSP) strategy and its embedded Learning from Defects (LFD) process are central to creating a sustainable improvement in the culture of patient safety and quality, and in real outcomes and process improvements. CUSP is a bottom-up approach that relies on the wisdom and efforts of front-line providers who best know the safety issues in their immediate environment. The LFD process seeks to translate evidence into practice (TRiP model) building interventions and tools to improve safety and close the quality gap. The development of these interventions and tools are guided by the principles of safe design and the application of the four E’s (engagement, education, execution, and evaluation) can be successfully implemented into the health care environment with substantial improvements in safety and quality.
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16

Donna, Farley, and Rand Corporation, eds. Assessing patient safety practices and outcomes in the U.S. health care system. Santa Monica, CA: RAND, 2009.

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17

Donna, Farley, and Rand Corporation, eds. Assessing patient safety practices and outcomes in the U.S. health care system. Santa Monica, CA: RAND, 2009.

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18

Farley, Donna, M. Ridgely, Peter Mendel, Stephanie Teleki, Cheryl Damberg, Rebecca Shaw, Michael Greenberg, et al. Assessing Patient Safety Practices and Outcomes in the U.S. Health Care System. RAND Corporation, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.7249/tr725.

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19

Donna, Farley, and Rand Corporation, eds. Assessing patient safety practices and outcomes in the U.S. health care system. Santa Monica, CA: RAND, 2009.

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20

Metzner, Julia, and Karen B. Domino. Outcomes, Regulation, and Quality Improvement. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190495756.003.0010.

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To improve the safety of patients undergoing procedures in remote locations, practitioners should be familiar with rigorous continuous quality improvement systems, national and regulatory patient safety efforts, as well as complications related to anesthesia/sedation in out of the operating room (OOOR) settings. This chapter discusses severe outcomes and mechanisms of injury in OOOR locations, national patient safety and regulatory efforts that may be adapted to the OOOR setting, and quality improvement efforts essential to track outcomes and improve patient safety. Patient safety can be improved by adherence to respiratory monitoring (e.g., pulse oximetry and capnography), sedation standards/guidelines and national patient safety and regulatory efforts, and development of vigorous quality improvement systems to measure outcomes and make changes.
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21

McBride, Susan, and Mari Tietze. Nursing Informatics for the Advanced Practice Nurse: Patient Safety, Quality, Outcomes, and Interprofessionalism. Springer Publishing Company, Incorporated, 2019.

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22

Bartle-Clar, J. A., G. Bliss, E. M. Borycki, K. L. Courtney, A. M. H. Kuo, A. Kushniruk, H. Monkman, A. Vahabpour Roudsari, and F. Lau. Improving Usability, Safety and Patient Outcomes with Health Information Technology: From Research to Practice. IOS Press, 2019.

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23

McBride, Susan, and Mari Tietze. Nursing Informatics for the Advanced Practice Nurse, Third Edition: Patient Safety, Quality, Outcomes, and Interprofessionalism. Springer Publishing Company, Incorporated, 2022.

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24

Ash, Simon A., and Donal J. Buggy. Outcomes of anaesthesia. Edited by Philip M. Hopkins. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642045.003.0039.

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Prevailing attitudes and conviction maintain that anaesthetic management, while ensuring safety, analgesia, and comfort perioperatively, has little influence on long-term patient outcomes. Gradually accumulating evidence is challenging this conventional wisdom, suggesting that choice of anaesthetic technique and perioperative management may, on the contrary, exert previously unrecognized long-term influences. This chapter seeks to review topical aspects of anaesthesia management which may influence postoperative patient outcomes. These include cardiovascular and pulmonary outcomes, surgical site infection, blood transfusion, perioperative glycaemic control, cancer recurrence, the development of chronic persistent pain, and postoperative cognitive dysfunction.
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25

Burden, Amanda R., Jeffrey B. Cooper, and David M. Gaba. Crisis Resource Management and Patient Safety in Anesthesia Practice. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199366149.003.0011.

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Crisis resource management (CRM) and patient safety are fundamental to the practice of anesthesiology. Human error and system failures continue to play a substantial role in preventable errors that lead to adverse outcomes or death. Many of these deaths are not the result of inadequate medical knowledge and skill, but occur because of problems involving communication and team management. CRM addresses these patient safety issues by addressing behavioral skills for critical events. These skills provide tools to help the leader manage the team and to help the team work together; they include calling for help, establishing situation awareness, using checklists, and communicating effectively. Effective strategies to teach these skills include the use of simulation for team training and Team STEPPS.
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26

Chidester, Thomas R. Creating a Culture of Safety. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199366149.003.0008.

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Safety culture focuses on who is responsible in what ways for patient safety, ranging from individuals and teams performing critical duties on the front lines to the context within which work takes place, and high-level organizational priorities. Though it is a recent concept, it represents growth in the understanding of accident causation, and offers additional and potentially more broadly effective preventive actions. Key concepts include organizational commitment, operational interactions, formal and informal safety indicators, and safety behaviors and outcomes. Measurement can be accomplished through benchmarked surveys, case analysis, field observation, and examination of procedures, manuals, newsletters, brochures, and performance evaluation criteria for their safety focus. Intervening to improve safety culture requires assessing an organization’s current state, communicating safety and minimizing patient risk as a core value in a methodical and sustained manner, deploying and monitoring standardized procedures by workgroup, establishing feedback systems, and reporting progress in safety alongside economic progress.
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27

Nursing Informatics for the Advanced Practice Nurse: Patient Safety, Quality, Outcomes, and Interprofessionalism, Second Edition - New Chapters - 2016 AJN Book of the Year Award Winner. Springer Publishing Company, 2018.

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28

Latino, Robert J. Patient Safety. Taylor & Francis Group, 2019.

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29

Tahseen, Muhammad, and Richard L. Simmons. Evolution and Evidence for Rapid Response Teams (DRAFT). Edited by Raghavan Murugan and Joseph M. Darby. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190612474.003.0001.

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A rapid response system (RRS) is a program designed to respond in a timely, organized, and comprehensive manner to a patient’s urgent unmet medical need within a healthcare facility. The goals of the rapid response team (RRT) are to restore homeostasis, prevent further physiologic deterioration, and establish an optimal environment of care. RRTs are now in widespread use in the US because of the Joint Commission’s national patient safety goals, which required that healthcare organizations improve recognition and response to changes in a patient’s condition. Recent meta-analyses have now concluded that RRT is effective in reducing the incidence of cardiac arrests within hospitals. There is still controversy, however, on the impact of RRT on ultimate clinical outcomes, including mortality. In this chapter, we review the history and evolution of RRTs, rationale for its existence, its impact on patient outcomes, and current controversies.
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30

Easdown, L. Jane. Muscle Weakness. Edited by Matthew D. McEvoy and Cory M. Furse. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190226459.003.0073.

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Muscle weakness in the perioperative period is a common finding and is a risk to patient safety. It can occur as a result of many physiological, pathological, and iatrogenic states. The most common etiology is the use of, misuse of, and failure to reverse neuromuscular blocking drugs (NMBDs). Patients might also present with underlying neuromuscular disorders at baseline or in an exacerbated state after surgery and anesthesia. Muscle weakness can lead to critical events such as respiratory failure and can delay recovery and discharge. The plan for prompt diagnosis and management of a patient with muscle weakness is presented. Knowledge of the pathophysiology, assessment, and treatment of perioperative muscle weakness is essential to ensure optimal patient outcomes.
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31

Oryhan, Christine, Kevin Vorenkamp, and Daniel Warren. Anticoagulation Regimens and Interventional Pain Procedures. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190271787.003.0039.

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With the aging population and new anticoagulant medications, such as direct oral anticoagulants, being marketed in the United States, it is very important for pain physicians to be aware of the anticoagulants available and how they affect the safety of interventional pain procedures. In addition to anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications, other medications commonly used in the chronic pain population may put patients at increased risk of bleeding complications. Certain patient characteristics, particularly in the chronic pain population, may also increase a patient’s risk of bleeding. The chapter reviews common and emerging anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications and the ideal holding time before or after interventional pain procedures, particularly in the spine. The chapter also discusses the diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of spinal epidural hematomas.
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32

Latino, Robert J. Patient Safety: The PROACT Root Cause Analysis Approach. Taylor & Francis Group, 2008.

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33

Latino, Robert J. Patient Safety: The PROACT Root Cause Analysis Approach. Taylor & Francis Group, 2008.

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34

Jorge, April, and Rosalind Ramsey-Goldman. Management of special situations in systemic lupus erythematosus. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198739180.003.0009.

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In caring for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), there are several important treatment considerations. Since many patients with SLE are female and of childbearing potential, it is important to address conception planning, contraceptive options, and the maternal and fetal risks associated with pregnancy, which are increased when there is higher SLE disease activity. It is also pertinent to address medication safety issues throughout pregnancy and lactation, as some commonly used medications can increase risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Additionally, patients with SLE are at higher risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) than the general population. Therefore, these patients must undergo aggressive risk factor modification. Patients with SLE are also at increased risk for osteoporosis, and bone health is an important treatment consideration. Routine cancer screening and vaccinations are also important elements of the comprehensive treatment of the patient with SLE.
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35

Adam, Sheila, Sue Osborne, and John Welch. The critical care environment. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199696260.003.0002.

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This chapter details the optimal location, design, structure, staffing, and equipment required to support high quality critical care. The chapter covers the impact of the critical care environment on patients, family, and staff themselves. The use of technology, including clinical information systems and electronic patient records, is described. Staffing numbers and roles and the importance of team working and collaboration as a key factor in the effectiveness of the critical care environment are also covered. The impact of cleanliness and infection control features as part of the design. The role that the environment has in mitigating the impact on patients in critical care as well as improving outcomes is described as well as other aspects of safety within critical care.
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36

Christensen, Alan J., Julia R. Van Liew, and Quinn D. Kellerman. Depression in Chronic Kidney Disease. Edited by C. Steven Richards and Michael W. O'Hara. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199797004.013.013.

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent medical condition posing a range of unique physical and self-management demands for patients and presenting a variety of patient management challenges for clinicians. Co-morbid depression and other psychiatric disorders represent a significant detriment to the quality of life and clinical outcomes of CKD patients. Evidence suggests that 12% to 40% of individuals in the later stages of CKD meet DSM (III, IV, or IV-TR) diagnostic criteria for a mood disorder. Moreover, the existence of comorbid depression has been associated with earlier patient mortality. Depression assessment is itself complicated by the physiologic and medical treatment status of the patient, and depression is believed to be both underdiagnosed and undertreated in this population. Rigorous empirical demonstrations of the safety and/or efficacy of both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments for depression are limited for this population. However, a number of important factors that should be considered in treating depression in kidney disease patients have been identified. This chapter summarizes these and other key clinical recommendations relevant to the evaluation and treatment of co-morbidity of depression in this population.
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37

Frenkel, Catherine, and Aurora Pryor. Revisional Bariatric Surgery. Edited by Tomasz Rogula, Philip Schauer, and Tammy Fouse. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190608347.003.0024.

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The annual volume of bariatric surgery is growing, giving rise to an increase in complications requiring complex management, including revision. Bariatric revision procedures are also becoming increasingly necessary for weight-loss recidivism and patients at the extreme of obesity. This chapter outlines clinical management pathways used to address secondary bariatric surgery. It summarizes reasons for, and outcomes with, revision of a laparoscopic gastric band, vertical banded gastroplasty, sleeve gastrectomy, or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Surgical techniques used to manage weight regain or failed weight loss after bariatric surgery are also discussed. Finally, surgical solutions for bariatric surgery-induced malnutrition are described, particularly in the setting of biliopancreatic diversion, duodenal switch, or jejunoileal bypass. Overall, the chapter concludes that standardization of revisional procedures can have a significant patient impact, and guidelines must be evidence-based in order to ensure patient safety and success.
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38

Abdelmalak, Basem. Anesthesia for Interventional Pulmonology. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190495756.003.0020.

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This chapter on anesthesia for interventional pulmonology (bronchoscopic) procedures addresses the anesthetic considerations and management for these procedures that are frequently performed in bronchoscopy suites outside of the operating room (OOOR). These include endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) and electromagnetic navigational bronchoscopy (ENB) diagnostic procedures, as well as bronchoscopic therapeutic procedures. It discusses anesthesia techniques, different airway and ventilation options, anesthesia adjuvants, and helpful tips and clinical pearls aimed at ensuring patient safety while providing the best conditions to facilitate completion of the procedure. Utilizing standardized yet individualized protocols may help improve safety and clinical outcomes in these non–operating room anesthesia (NORA) service locations.
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39

Maani, Christopher V., and Gaelen Horne. Anesthesia for Urologic Procedures. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190495756.003.0024.

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With advances in technology over the past few decades and the development of new and less invasive surgical techniques, procedures that once required a traditional operating room can now be accomplished in smaller outpatient settings. Maximizing efficiency and improving patient outcomes, while minimizing hospitalization and recovery time has become a focus of many anesthetic practices throughout the United States. Because more procedures are being performed in outpatient and outside of the OR (OOOR) settings, it is increasingly important for the anesthesiologist to ensure patient and personnel safety in addition to providing an optimal anesthetic for the patient. This chapter will discuss anesthesia for common urologic outpatient/OOOR procedures, including cystourethroscopy, ureteroscopy, transurethral procedures except TURP, laser use, percutaneous renal procedures, and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.
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40

Robb, Fiona, and Andrew Seaton. What are the principles and goals of antimicrobial stewardship? Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198758792.003.0002.

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Antimicrobial stewardship (AS) is a coordinated strategy for quality improvement designed to improve the appropriate use of antimicrobial agents to optimize clinical outcomes whilst minimizing collateral antimicrobial effects including antimicrobial resistance andClostridium difficileinfection. AS is a function of the multidisciplinary antimicrobial management team and is dependent on key relationships with infection protection and control, clinical governance, therapeutic, and medical management structures within a healthcare organization. AS should operate within a national framework and is driven by quality improvement and patient safety. Engagement with prescribers through education, surveillance, and audit and feedback are key to the success of an AS programme.
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41

Evans, Charlotte, Anne Creaton, Marcus Kennedy, and Terry Martin, eds. Governance. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198722168.003.0002.

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Retrieval services operate across many parts of the health system, and interface with many organizations. The work that is performed is complex, high risk, and resource consuming. It is therefore imperative that robust clinical and corporate governance systems are in place, and that these systems are tested, credentialed, and monitored where possible. Governance systems are the cornerstones of a high performance health organization, and are the foundation of excellent clinical outcomes, patient and stakeholder satisfaction, and safety and quality at all levels. The key elements of governance systems for retrieval services are described in this chapter.
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42

Gulliford, Martin, and Edmund Jessop, eds. Healthcare Public Health. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198837206.001.0001.

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Healthcare public health is concerned with the application of population sciences to the design, organization, and delivery of healthcare services, with the ultimate aim of improving population health. This book provides a modern introduction to the methods and subject matter of healthcare public health, bringing together coverage of all the key areas in a single volume. Topics include healthcare needs’ assessment; access to healthcare; knowledge management; ethical issues; involvement of patients and the public; population screening; health promotion and disease prevention; new service models; programme budgeting and preparation of a business case; evaluation and outcomes; patient safety, and implementation and improvement sciences; healthcare in remote and resource-poor regions; and disasters and emergencies. Drawing on international perspectives, this volume will be relevant wherever healthcare is delivered. It will enable students, researchers, academics, practitioners, and policy makers to contribute to the goals of designing and delivering health services that improve population health, reduce inequalities, and meet the needs of individuals and communities.
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43

Mazer, Jeffrey, and Mitchell M. Levy. Policies, bundles, and protocols in critical care. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0017.

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Recently, the medicine community has been driven to think about patient safety in new ways, and with this new found interest in patient safety, large health care systems and individual institutions have been forced to develop mechanisms to track and measure performance. There is ample evidence that physicians and systems can do better. The tools of this new craft include checklists, protocols, guidelines, and bundles. These tools help to decrease variability in care and enhance the translation of evidence-based medicine to bedside care. Ongoing measurement of both performance and clinical outcomes is central to this movement. This allows for rapid detection of both successes and possible unintended consequences associated with the rapid translation of evidence into practice. As hospitals and intensive care units (ICU) worldwide have embraced the field of quality improvement (QI), many lessons have been learned about the process. QI includes four essential phases—development, implementation, evaluation, and maintenance. Essential to the QI process and each of these QI phases is that the project must be tailored to each individual ICU and/or Institution. A one-size-fits-all project is less efficient, less effective, and at times unnecessary compare with a locally-driven process.
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44

Shimizu, Hideharu, Tomasz G. Rogula, and Philip R. Schauer. Safety and Efficacy of Bariatric Surgery in Patients with Cirrhosis. Edited by Tomasz Rogula, Philip Schauer, and Tammy Fouse. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190608347.003.0021.

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Perioperative risks for morbidly obese patients with cirrhosis are significant, and surgeons should consider these risks carefully in deciding on the type of bariatric procedure to be performed. The benefits of bariatric surgery for cirrhotic patients include substantial weight loss, improvements in metabolic diseases, and potential regression of fibrosis, which can also increase their eligibility and candidacy for liver transplantation. There is currently a lack of strong evidence, but the restrictive bariatric procedures are the safest options for carefully selected patients with cirrhosis. Sleeve gastrectomy is likely the best bariatric procedure for obtaining good outcomes without a prohibitive complication rate or mortality for patients with compensated, Child-Pugh class A cirrhosis without portal hypertension. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is also appropriate for patients who are not suitable for sleeve gastrectomy. Surgeons should be prepared in case they see bariatric patients with cirrhosis diagnosed preoperatively or intraoperatively.
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45

Price, Julie R., Alric D. Hawkins, and Steven D. Passik. Opioid therapy: managing risks of abuse, addiction, and diversion. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199656097.003.0095.

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Given the complex and chronic medical problems that are seen in the palliative care setting, there is an ever increasing need for awareness of prescription drug abuse. Providers must balance the potential for abuse of prescribed opioids with the need to provide appropriate analgesia for patients in the palliative care setting. In addition, the presence of aberrant drug use amongst patients with advanced illness represents a major impediment to appropriate care. In order to maximize patient outcomes and to prescribe needed medication both safely and fairly, the clinician should work to develop appropriate controls and monitoring. Aberrant drug-related behaviour is a complex phenomenon that can occur in the chronic medically ill patient and needs to be approached in an empathetic manner that allows for recognition of the biological, chemical, psychological, and social aspects, with the ultimate goal of safely managing patients’ pain, while addressing other issues that are leading to their distress and perpetuating their aberrant drug use.
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46

Servin, Frédérique S., and Valérie Billard. Anaesthesia for the obese patient. Edited by Philip M. Hopkins. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642045.003.0087.

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Obesity is becoming an epidemic health problem, and the number of surgical patients with a body mass index of more than 50 kg m−2 requiring anaesthesia is increasing. Obesity is associated with physiopathological changes such as metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disorders, or sleep apnoea syndrome, most of which improve with weight loss. Regarding pharmacokinetics, volumes of distribution are increased for both lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs. Consequently, doses should be adjusted to total body weight (propofol for maintenance, succinylcholine, vancomycin), or lean body mass (remifentanil, non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent). For all drugs, titration based on monitoring of effects is recommended. To minimize recovery delays, drugs with a rapid offset of action such as remifentanil and desflurane are preferable. Poor tolerance to apnoea with early hypoxaemia and atelectasis warrant rapid sequence induction and protective ventilation. Careful positioning will prevent pressure injuries and minimize rhabdomyolysis which are frequent. Because of an increased risk of pulmonary embolism, multimodal prevention is mandatory. Regional anaesthesia, albeit technically difficult, is beneficial in obese patients to treat postoperative pain and improve rehabilitation. Maximizing the safety of anaesthesia for morbidly obese patients requires a good knowledge of the physiopathology of obesity and great attention to detail in planning and executing anaesthetic management. Even in elective surgery, many cases can be technical challenges and only a step-by-step approach to the avoidance of potential adverse events will result in the optimal outcome.
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47

Zook, Julie, and Kerstin Sailer, eds. The Covert Life of Hospital Architecture. UCL Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14324/111.9781800080881.

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The Covert Life of Hospital Architecture addresses hospital architecture as a set of interlocked, overlapping spatial and social conditions. It identifies ways that planned-for and latent functions of hospital spaces work jointly to produce desired outcomes such as greater patient safety, increased scope for care provider communication and more intelligible corridors. By advancing space syntax theory and methods, the volume brings together emerging research on hospital environments. Opening with a description of hospital architecture that emphasizes everyday relations, the sequence of chapters takes an unusually comprehensive view that pairs spaces and occupants in hospitals: the patient room and its intervisibility with adjacent spaces, care teams and on-ward support for their work and the intelligibility of public circulation spaces for visitors. The final chapter moves outside the hospital to describe the current healthcare crisis of the global pandemic as it reveals how healthcare institutions must evolve to be adaptable in entirely new ways. Reflective essays by practicing designers follow each chapter, bringing perspectives from professional practice into the discussion. The Covert Life of Hospital Architecture makes the case that latent dimensions of space as experienced have a surprisingly strong link to measurable outcomes, providing new insights into how to better design hospitals through principles that have been tested empirically. It will become a reference for healthcare planners, designers, architects and administrators, as well as for readers from sociology, psychology and other areas of the social sciences.
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48

Staender, Sven, and Andrew Smith. Safety and quality assurance in anaesthesia. Edited by Philip M. Hopkins. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642045.003.0036.

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Quality assurance has its roots in industry and therefore is strongly influenced by concepts from business, hence the reference to the definition of the term ‘quality’ according to the International Standard Organization (ISO), for example. In order to better understand the various concepts of quality assurance, this chapter clarifies concepts such as ‘effectiveness’, ‘efficiency’, ‘patient-centredness’, and ‘equity’. Of major importance in clinical medicine are guidelines, standards, recommendations, and their grade of evidence. Guidelines in particular have the advantage of facilitation of the practice of evidence-based medicine in that they can provide a practically orientated summary of the relevant research literature. Other important tools for quality assurance include ‘plan–do–study–act’ (PDSA) cycles, process mapping, monitoring of outcome indicators, auditing, and peer review. Patient safety is another rather young discipline in academic medicine. Triggered by the landmark publication of To Err is Human by the US Institute of Medicine (IOM) in 1999, patient safety gained widespread attention in healthcare. Anaesthesiology as a typical safety discipline was among the first to adopt safety measures such as ‘incident reporting’ or ‘human factors training’ years before the IOM report. Safety is closely related to outcome and therefore mortality, morbidity, as well as adverse events in general have to be considered. In order to improve, safety lessons can be learned from the so-called high-reliability organizations and transferred into clinical practice.
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49

Donna, Farley, ed. Assessment of the AHRQ patient safety initiative: Focus on implementation and dissemination evaluation report III (2004-2005). Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corp., 2007.

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Donna, Farley, Rand Corporation, and United States. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality., eds. Assessment of the AHRQ patient safety initiative: Moving from research to practice evaluation report II (2003-2004). Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corp., 2007.

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