Academic literature on the topic 'Pathological aggressiveness'
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Journal articles on the topic "Pathological aggressiveness"
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Rosa, Manuela, Angelo Franzini, Gaia Giannicola, Giuseppe Messina, Alfredo Carlo Altamura, and Alberto Priori. "Hypothalamic Oscillations in Human Pathological Aggressiveness." Biological Psychiatry 72, no. 12 (December 2012): e33-e35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.06.007.
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Mamta and Y. Singh. "Variability in pathological characters in Gloeocercospora sorghi isolates from sorghum." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT PROTECTION 13, no. 2 (October 15, 2020): 148–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijpp/13.2/148-155.
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Zonate leaf spot caused by Gloeocercospora sorghi Bain and Edgerton (1943) is one of the most destructive diseases of sorghum in India and Uttarakhand is considered as a hot spot for this disease. The present investigation was carried out to record the pathogenic variability of thirty isolates of Gloeocercospora sorghi on five different lines of sorghum. The G. sorghi isolates differed significantly from each other on the basis of pathological attributes viz., latent period, aggressiveness and virulence index and thus, grouped into three virulence categories. The findings suggest that analysis of variance for latent, aggressiveness, per cent disease intensity (PDI) and virulence index showed that the variations in latent period and virulence disease reaction were attributed more to the isolates and aggressiveness to the host lines than to the isolate × host line interactions.
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Mushref, Malek, Matthew Bridges, Keshav Chandran, Rupak Mukherjee, and Mahsa Javid. "PSAT378 Hashimoto's Thyroiditis and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Aggressiveness." Journal of the Endocrine Society 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): A845. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.1747.
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Abstract Background Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is associated with a 1.5-fold increased risk of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). It is postulated that the inflammatory milieu in HT may damage thyrocytes, increasing the risk of cancer. However, it is not precisely known how the presence of thyroiditis affects aggressiveness of DTC and if a causal relationship exists. It has been suggested HT may correlate with a less aggressive phenotype with smaller tumor size, lower rate of aggressive variants, less frequent radioactive-iodine administration, and higher rates of clinical remission. The aim of this study was to investigate the pathological features of DTC in patients with HT and whether length of time with HT affects tumor aggression. Method Charts of 367 consecutive patients with DTC undergoing thyroidectomy were reviewed. Clinical and pathological factors were analyzed. A composite score of tumor aggressiveness was calculated using the presence of multifocality, angioinvasion, lymphatic invasion, extrathyroidal extension, central and lateral lymph node (LLN) involvement. This score and tumor size were compared in patients with clinical (elevated thyroid peroxidase or anti-thyroglobulin antibodies) or pathological (presence of inflammation on pathology) HT. Time to surgery from diagnosis of HT was also evaluated. Results In 367 patients with DTC (343 papillary, 29 follicular, 5 both), mean size of the largest tumor was 1.5±1.7cm, mean composite score was 1.3±1.6cm. Seventy-three (19.9%) and 156 (42.5%) patients had clinical or pathological HT, respectively; 92 (25.1%) had preoperative hypothyroidism. Patients with clinical HT alone, or in addition to pathological HT, had a reduced risk of LLN disease (Odds Ratio: 0.21 p<0.005, and OR: 0.43 p=0.01, respectively); those with pathological HT alone had a trend towards lower risk (p=0.06). Neither the overall score for tumor aggressiveness nor tumor size correlated with clinical or pathological HT. Length of time from diagnosis of clinical HT to surgery was not associated with tumor size, aggressiveness or presence of inflammation on pathology. Conclusion Clinical HT is associated with reduced risk for LLN metastasis, supporting the suggestion that presence of HT confers a better prognosis in DTC. Length of time with HT does not alter the risk for aggressive features of DTC indicating lack of an escalating causal relationship. Presentation: Saturday, June 11, 2022 1:00 p.m. - 3:00 p.m.
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Abdou, Yara, Mariko Asaoka, and Kazuaki Takabe. "Pathological and genetic aggressiveness of left-sided breast cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): e12579-e12579. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e12579.
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e12579 Background: Breast Cancer in women consistently occurs more frequently in the left breast, with the ratio of left to right sided breast cancer cases ranging from 1.05 to 1.26. In spite of the difference in frequency, prior studies have failed to show any significant difference in clinical characteristics between left sided and right sided cancer. Methods: Genomic and clinical features were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas breast cancer project. LVI status, mitotic rate, nuclear score and tubular score were collected from pathology reports in TIES client 5.8. Fisher's exact test was used for group comparison and survival analysis was performed with Cox regression. Cytolytic activity (CYT) indicates anti-cancer immune response and was quantified from gene expression data. Hallmark gene-sets were used for gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Results: Among the 1081 women with unilateral invasive breast cancer, 561 had tumor on the left side compared to 520 on the right. Our results didn’t show any significant differences between left and right side with regards to tumor location, histology, race, and tumor characteristics including stage, tumor size, nodal status and receptor status. No statistical significant differences were observed in mitotic rate, LVI status and tubular score, however, the tumor grade was significantly higher in the left side. Moreover, there were no significant differences in mutation count, CYT and overall survival between both sides. GSEA revealed cell-cycle related gene sets like G2M checkpoint, Mitotic spindle, E2F targets and MYC targets which were significantly enriched in left sided tumor. Furthermore, out of the 865 genes which were highly expressed on the left side, we identified specific genes including BRCA1, BRCA2, BRIP1, CHEK2, FANCC, PALB2, TP53 and MSH6 which are associated primarily with breast cancer genesis and mostly have established clinical management guidelines. Conclusions: Our results suggest a more aggressive nature to left sided breast cancer with a higher pathological grade perhaps requiring more aggressive treatment. Such a hypothesis needs further study to confirm or refute its validity. If confirmed, it may have a major impact with regard to biology of breast cancer and its subsequent management.
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Sachdev, Perminder, John Sydney Smith, John Matheson, Peter Last, and Peter Blumbergs. "Amygdalo-Hippocampectomy for Pathological Aggression." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 26, no. 4 (December 1992): 671–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679209072105.
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Two patients are reported, one with severe brain damage and epilepsy, and the other with limbic epilepsy, who were treated with unilateral microsurgical amygdalo-hippocampectomy for the control of rage and aggression. Both had significant improvement in their aggressiveness, and the second patient also improved in the frequency of his seizures and psychotic episodes. The significance of these observations for our understanding of the morphophysiological basis of rage and aggression is discussed.
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Trouillas, Jacqueline, Etienne Delgrange, Anne Wierinckx, Alexandre Vasiljevic, Emmanuel Jouanneau, Pia Burman, and Gerald Raverot. "Clinical, Pathological, and Molecular Factors of Aggressiveness in Lactotroph Tumours." Neuroendocrinology 109, no. 1 (2019): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000499382.
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The behaviour of lactotroph tumours varies between benign tumours, those cured by treatment, and that of aggressive tumours, and carcinomas with metastasis. Identification of clinical, pathological and molecular factors is essential for the early identification of patients that may have such aggressive tumours. Plasma prolactin levels and tumour size and invasion, per se, are not prognostic factors. However, tumours appearing at a young age (<20 years), especially in boys, and the presence of genetic predisposition have a poorer prognosis. In addition, lactotroph tumours in men differ from those in women, being larger, more often invasive, and resistant to dopamine agonists. They are also more often high-grade with a high risk of recurrence and malignancy. The expression of estrogen receptor α is lower than in women and is closely correlated to aggressiveness. Proliferation markers (Ki-67 expression: ≥3%, mitotic count n > 2) are correlated to invasion and proliferation, but, taken alone, their prognostic value is debatable. Based on a 5-tiered clinicopathological classification, and taking into account invasion and proliferation, a grade 2b (aggressive) lactotroph tumour has a 20× risk of progression compared to a grade 1a (benign) tumour. Moreover, lactotroph tumours are the second-most frequent aggressive and malignant tumour. Other factors, such as the expression of growth factors (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF] and epidermal growth factor [EGF]), the genes regulating invasion, differentiation and proliferation, adhesion molecules (E-cadherin), matrix metalloproteinase 9, and chromosome abnormalities (chromosomes 11, 19, and 1), have also been correlated with aggressiveness. Currently, clinical signs, a prognostic classification, and molecular and genetic markers may all help the clinician in the early identification of aggressive lactotroph tumours and enable stratification of their management.
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Dzepina, Davor. "Surgical and Pathological Characteristics of Papillary Thyroid Cancer in Children and Adolescents." International Journal of Pediatrics 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/125389.
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Background. Thyroid carcinoma is a relatively rare pediatric pathology, comprising around 3% of all childhood tumors. We investigated parameters of tumor aggressiveness, multicentricity, and locoregional metastatic spread patterns in patients up to 18 years of age and made comparison with the older group. All patients were operated upon with total thyroidectomy, with or without lymph-node neck dissection.Results. Patients with papillary carcinoma present with more advanced stage, larger primary tumor, and more commonly present with palpable thyroid and/or neck node. Overall, papillary cancer demonstrated pathological aggressiveness as defined by our criteria in 60%, multicentricity in 40%, and locoregional metastatic foci in 77% of cases. Multicentric tumor foci in both thyroid lobes and tumor aggressiveness were identified as a risk factor for metastatic development.Conclusion. By observing clinicopathological parameters, we demonstrated that papillary thyroid cancer behaves more aggressively in the younger group. We recommend total thyroidectomy with careful intraoperative exploration of thyroid bed and lateral neck in search for possible metastatic spread. In case of positive findings, it is obligatory to perform a standard neck dissection, keeping in mind that neck lymphonodes are primary site of locoregional recurrence. With meticulous attention to technical aspects of operation, perioperative morbidity should be minimal.
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Larson, Benjamin T., Cristina Magi-Galluzzi, Graham Casey, Sarah J. Plummer, Robert Silverman, and Eric A. Klein. "Pathological Aggressiveness of Prostatic Carcinomas Related to RNASEL R462Q Allelic Variants." Journal of Urology 179, no. 4 (April 2008): 1344–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2007.11.078.
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Payne Ondracek, Rochelle, Matthew H. Hayn, Michael Adam Poch, Warren Davis, Alexandra Curtis, Hyung Lae Kim, Carl D. Morrison, James Mohler, and James Roger Marshall. "The effect of BMI at time of surgery on long-term outcome after radical prostatectomy." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): e15203-e15203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.e15203.
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e15203 Background: Body mass index (BMI) at time of surgery was determined among 715 radical prostatectomy patients. The association of BMI with a range of treatment outcomes was considered. Methods: The associations of BMI at time of radical prostatectomy (RP) with disease stage and aggressiveness and long-term outcome were evaluated among 715 patients treated with RP at Roswell Park Cancer Institute between 1993 and 2005. Clinical and pathological aggressiveness indicators included clinical Gleason sum and tumor stage (2002 TNM), highest preoperative PSA, pathological Gleason sum and tumor stage (2002 TNM) and surgical margin status. Ten post-RP recurrence definitions were considered: 1) PSA ≥ 0.2 ng/ml; 2) PSA ≥ 0.4 ng/ml (with 1 confirming value); 3) 1 or more post RP treatments (ADT, radiation, chemotherapy); 4) PSA doubling time < 12 months; 5) PSA doubling time < 9 months; 6) PSA doubling time < 6 months; 7) NCCN definition of PSA failure; 8) AUA definition of PSA failure; 9) diagnosis of metastatic CaP; and 10) death from CaP. Results: Of the 715 men, 33 developed metastatic prostate cancer, and 17 died of prostate cancer. 246 men had BMI ≥ 30. BMI was not significantly associated with clinical or pathological aggressiveness criteria. These analyses showed that there is a trend towards higher risk of the development of metastasis or death for men with BMI ≥ 30, although the association with high BMI and these failure types is not significant. With adjustment for the most significant tumor aggressiveness features (clinical Gleason sum, pathological tumor stage, pathological Gleason sum, and surgical margin status) in proportional hazards regression, men with BMI ≥ 30 had consistently lower risk for all definitions of recurrence except metastasis and death, although no hazard ratios were significant. In contrast, men with higher BMIs had higher risk for metastasis and death from prostate cancer, although neither association is statistically significant. Conclusions: Men with higher BMIs show similar to slightly reduced risk for PSA-based recurrence definitions. Men with higher BMIs had slightly higher risk, though not significant, for metastasis and death. These results seem to support theories that PSA is diluted in men with higher BMIs.
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Cai, Shulei, He Zhang, Xiaojun Chen, Tianping Wang, Jiaqi Lu, Xuefen Liu, and Guofu Zhang. "MR volumetry in predicting the aggressiveness of endometrioid adenocarcinoma: correlation with final pathological results." Acta Radiologica 61, no. 5 (September 29, 2019): 705–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0284185119877331.
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Background Magnetic resonance (MR) has been widely used in predicting the aggressiveness of endometrioid adenocarcinoma. However, the diagnostic value of the MR volume of the lesion has been controversial. Purpose To determine whether the whole-lesion MR volume measurement could be used as a better predictor for evaluating the aggressiveness of endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Material and Methods In this retrospective study, we include 357 patients with pathologically demonstrated endometrioid adenocarcinoma at our institution between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2018. Whole-lesion MR volume was calculated on sagittal T2-weighted images with ITK-SNAP software on a personal computer. Results According to the receiver operating characteristics curve analysis, whole-lesion MR volume has the competitive advantage in evaluating deep myometrial invasion compared with the frozen results, generating area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.751 vs. 0.834 ( P = 0.0629, Z = 1.860). The AUC of tumor maximum diameter, simple tumor volume, and whole-lesion MR volume in predicting deep myometrial invasion was 63.8%, 67.6%, and 75.1%, respectively. Conclusion Whole-lesion MR volume is a good diagnostic tool for prediction of deep myometrial invasion, lymph node metastasis, and lymphovascular invasion. MR volumetry could reflect the aggressiveness of endometrioid adenocarcinoma more accurately than traditional lesion measurements.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pathological aggressiveness"
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Taheri, Alireza. "An analysis of pathological forms of guilt and aggressivity in the work of Nietzsche, Freud, Lacan and Laplanche." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609134.
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Baldridge, Robyn M. Stanford Matthew S. "The effects of aggression, impulsivity, and psychopathic traits on treatment program completion in substance dependent individuals." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5276.
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Fisher, William I. "The relationship between memory and event-related potentials in pathologically impulsive aggressive juveniles : a retrospective chart study /." View online, 2009. http://ecommons.txstate.edu/psyctad/2/.
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Santin-Baloğlu, Marie des Neiges. "Caractérisation anatomique de la région subthalamique : étude histologique post mortem chez le primate des cibles utilisées en psychochirurgie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS715.
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L’utilisation de la stimulation cérébrale profonde pour traiter les troubles psychiatriques sévères et résistants suscite un intérêt grandissant. Cependant, les résultats obtenus chez les patients restent hétérogènes, avec des succès et des échecs non expliqués. Une des causes potentielles pour expliquer cette variabilité tient sûrement à la méconnaissance de l’anatomie et de la morphologie précise des cibles neurochirurgicales. C’est particulièrement le cas pour la région médiale subthalamique, petite région centimétrique qui contient trois cibles utilisées en psychochirurgie : le noyau subthalamique antéro-médial pour traiter le trouble obsessionnel compulsif, le medial forebrain bundle pour traiter la dépression et le trouble obsessionnel compulsif, et le triangle de Sano anciennement lésé pour traiter l’agressivité pathologique. L’objectif de ce travail était d’identifier précisément ces trois cibles au sein de la région médiale subthalamique et de fournir une caractérisation précise de leur organisation morphologique, incluant corps cellulaires et fibres, chez le primate. Deux cerveaux humains et deux cerveaux de macaques ont été coupés en blocs contenant la région médiale subthalamique. Les blocs ont été coupés en séries de coupes coronales de 50 μm d’épaisseur. Différentes techniques de marquages immunohistochimiques et d’hybridation in situ ont ensuite été réalisées. Les populations neuronales, les terminaisons axonales et les faisceaux de fibres de la région médiale subthalamique du primate ont été identifiées au sein de chacune des trois cibles chirurgicales. Le noyau subthalamique antéro-médial se caractérise par une innervation dopaminergique et sérotoninergique dense avec la présence d’un gradient croissant latéro-médial. Le medial forebrain bundle est composé de fibres dopaminergiques et sérotoninergiques organisées en faisceaux ainsi que des fibres corticales. Le triangle de Sano contient de nombreux neurones porteurs de récepteurs des œstrogènes α, suggérant qu’il fait partie du système limbique. Le marquage est intense mais non spécifique de cette structure au sein de la région médiale subthalamique. Il contient aussi des projections orexinergiques, montrant une connexion directe en provenance de l’hypothalamus. Nous avons ensuite montré l’anatomie cellulaire du triangle de Sano est différente de celle de l’hypothalamus postérieur, confirmant qu’il s’agit de deux entités différentes. Nous avons formulé l’hypothèse que l’effet anti-agressivité de la chirurgie du triangle de Sano pourrait s’expliquer par la modulation de projections sérotoninergiques, glutamatergiques et orexinergiques. Cette hypothèse a été renforcée par l’analyse morphologique de données obtenues chez un patient schizophrène violent opéré par lésions stéréotaxiques. Ces résultats fournissent de nouvelles informations sur l’organisation morphologique et cellulaire de la région médiale subthalamique que l’on peut identifier comme une interface entre le système des ganglions de la base et le système limbique. Ces données nous ont encouragé à proposer un protocole de recherche clinique rigoureux visant à évaluer l’efficacité de la stimulation cérébrale du triangle de Sano dans l’agressivité pathologique, cette structure étant probablement un relai essentiel au sein du circuit de l’agressivitéThe use of deep brain stimulation for treating severe and treatment-resistant psychiatric disorders is gaining growing interest. However, the results obtained in patients remain heterogeneous, with unexplained successes and failures. One potential cause for this variability is likely the lack of precise knowledge about the anatomy and morphology of neurosurgical targets. This is particularly true for the medial subthalamic region, a small centimetric region that contains three targets used in psychosurgery: the antero-medial subthalamic nucleus for obsessive-compulsive disorder, the medial forebrain bundle for depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder, and the Sano triangle, formerly employed in lesioning techniques, for the treatment of pathological aggressiveness. The objective of this work was to precisely identify these three targets within the medial subthalamic region and provide an accurate characterization of their morphological organization, including cell bodies and fibers, in primates. Two human brains and two macaque brains were sectioned into blocks containing the medial subthalamic region. These blocks were cut into serial coronal slices of 50 μm thick. Various techniques of immunohistochemical staining and in situ hybridization were subsequently performed. The neuronal populations, axonal terminations, and fiber bundles of the medial subthalamic region in primates were identified within each of the three surgical targets. The antero-medial subthalamic nucleus is characterized by dense dopaminergic and serotonergic innervation with increasing lateral-to-medial gradient of this innervation. The medial forebrain bundle consists of organized bundles of dopaminergic and serotonergic fibers, as well as cortical fibers. The Sano triangle contains numerous neurons carrying α-estrogen receptors, suggesting its involvement in the limbic system. This labelling is strong but not specific to this structure within the medial subthalamic region. It also contains orexinergic projections, demonstrating a direct connection from the hypothalamus. We then established that the cellular anatomy of the Sano triangle is different from that of the posterior hypothalamus, confirming that they are two distinct entities. We hypothesized that the anti-aggressive effect of the Sano triangle surgery could be explained by the modulation of serotonergic, glutamatergic, and orexinergic projections. This hypothesis was further strengthened by the morphological analysis of data obtained from a violent schizophrenic patient who underwent stereotactic lesional surgery. These results provide new information on the morphological and cellular organization of the medial subthalamic region, which can be identified as an interface between the basal ganglia system and the limbic system. These data encouraged us to propose a rigorous clinical research protocol aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of cerebral stimulation of the Sano triangle in pathological aggressiveness, as this structure is likely an essential relay within the aggression circuit
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Morris, Colleen Marie. "Psychopathic traits and social-cognitive processes in aggressive youth." 2007. http://etd1.library.duq.edu/theses/available/etd-04062007-091549/unrestricted/MorrisDissertation.pdf.
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Vlková, Kateřina. "Sociálně patologické jevy na střední odborné škole a možnosti jejich řešení." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-314004.
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This diploma work named Socio-Pathological Phenomena at Secondary Vocational School and Their Possible Solution deals, in its theoretical part, with the basic terminology related with this topic. It also focuses on the risk behaviour among today's young people, and briefly introduces socio-pathological phenomena which occured at the surveyed secondary school in the last two years. It also describes other kinds of contemporary risk behaviour among young generation. At the end of theoretical part, there are introduced some of the current trends in school prevention and solution of socio-pathological phenomena. Period of adolescence is of course closely associated with this topic. It's called critical stage, and all the students pass this period during their secondary school attendance. That's why the chapter devoted to adolescence is elaborated in full details. Gender differences concerning appearance and intensity of socio-pathological phenomena are also mentioned here. Next, there is explained the system of primary prevention in The Czech Republic, the importace of family and school background, the impact of peers on personality development. In empirical part of this diploma work, there is introduced Secondary Vocational School, Ltd., 844 Schulhoffova, in Prague 4. The research probe was realized...
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Vítkovská, Lucie. "Oddělení pro dívky vyžadující soustavnou intenzivní individuální péči." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-329301.
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Master thesis discusses about the work on the department for girls required systematic intensive individual care in an educational institute in Jindrichuv Hradec. Main goal is to examine what are the problems that girls come to this Institute, which is the family support of these girls and what are the relations of parents and girls. The work is divided into two parts. Theoretical and practical. The first part describes the two departments, which are for girls required systematic intensive individual care, focusing on the theoretical approach of behavioral disorders, individual personality in etopedy care and drug problems, theoretical part concludes with a chapter dedicated to the functions of the family, dysfunctional family a Gypsy family. In the practical part contains the results of research. The research used a combination of a questionnaire survey and data analysis. The research is divided into three thematic units that correspond to established hypotheses. First, are the results of investigations that focus on educational problems, particularly aggression and drug use. The second part of the survey results, which dealt with the family of girls, and of the length of stay in the institution and age of first placement. The last section presents the results of the survey focused on girls' contacts with...
Books on the topic "Pathological aggressiveness"
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Aggression and expiation. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1987.
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Frank, Arsenio William, and Lemerise Elizabeth B, eds. Emotions, aggression, and morality in children: Bridging development and psychopathology. Washington, D.C: American Psychological Association, 2010.
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Frank, Arsenio William, and Lemerise Elizabeth A, eds. Emotions, aggression, and morality in children: Bridging development and psychopathology. Washington, D.C: American Psychological Association, 2010.
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Arsenio, William Frank. Emotions, aggression, and morality in children: Bridging development and psychopathology. Washington, D.C: American Psychological Association, 2010.
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Arsenio, William Frank. Emotions, aggression, and morality in children: Bridging development and psychopathology. Washington, D.C: American Psychological Association, 2010.
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Arsenio, William Frank. Emotions, aggression, and morality in children: Bridging development and psychopathology. Washington, D.C: American Psychological Association, 2010.
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author, Han Su-jŏng, ed. Yŏn'gŭksŏng sŏngkyŏk changae: Hŏgijin aejŏng kwa kwansim = Histrionic personality disorder. 2nd ed. Sŏul T'ŭkpyŏlsi: Hakchisa, 2016.
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PhD, Kevin L. Nadal. Microaggressions and Traumatic Stress: Theory, Research, and Clinical Treatment. American Psychological Association, 2018.
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Animal Cruelty Antisocial Behaviour and Aggression. Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.
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Gullone, Eleonora. Animal Cruelty, Antisocial Behaviour, and Aggression: More Than a Link. Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Pathological aggressiveness"
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Roth, Jonathan, Rina Dvir, and Shlomi Constantini. "Choroid plexus tumours." In Oxford Textbook of Neurological Surgery, edited by Ramez W. Kirollos, Adel Helmy, Simon Thomson, and Peter J. A. Hutchinson, 403–10. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198746706.003.0034.
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Choroid plexus tumours (CPT) are relatively rare and include three pathological subtypes: papilloma (CPP) (benign); carcinoma (CPC) (malignant); atypical papilloma (ACPP) (intermediate). Most cases of CPT occur during early childhood and infancy; however, occurrence at all paediatric ages as well as adulthood has been documented. The main treatment of CPT is surgical, aiming for complete resection in all subtypes of CPT. The location and vascularity of CPT present a special surgical challenge. Surgical excision of CPP can be curative. In the malignant CPC form, adjuvant chemotherapy is indicated. The role of radiotherapy is controversial. A subset of patients with CPT harbour germline or somatic TP53 mutations characterized by greater tumour aggressiveness and decreased survival.
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Islam, Farhadul. "Introduction: Current Status and Future Advances in Cancer Biomarkers." In Current Cancer Biomarkers, 1–10. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815079364123010004.
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Cancer is a major health problem and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The cancer burden can be reduced significantly using reliable, robust, sensitive, accurate, validated and specific biomarkers for early diagnosis, better prognosis and prediction. Traditionally, a number of biomolecules exhibit the potential to be used as diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers roles, however, they failed to be used in point-of-care settings for routine analysis. Recent advancements in sequencing techniques and analytical methods facilitate the development of novel and effective cancer biomarkers (liquid biopsies) with the fidelity of clinical application. These biomarkers provide personalized “omics” based information on the pathological state, molecular nature and biological aggressiveness of individual patients. Nevertheless, standardized platforms and/or methods for these biomarkers are yet to be established. Thus, adopting a combination of classical and new cancer biomarkers would offer a better understanding of the disease, resulting in improved clinical outcomes for patients with cancer.
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Gasparini, Giampietro. "Prognostic and predictive value of intra-tumoral microvessel density in human solid tumours." In Tumour Angiogenesis, 29–44. Oxford University PressOxford, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198549376.003.0004.
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Abstract The majority of human solid tumours are heterogeneous diseases, made up of multiple cell clones with diverse biological aggressiveness (1,2). The tumour cell heterogeneity is the result of the genomic instability (3) due to genetic alterations that may include: mutations, deletions, chromosomal rearrangements, activation of oncogenes, downregulation of tumour suppressor genes, and gene amplification (4-7). Tumour cell heterogeneity may confer different properties of growth, immunogenicity, ability to metastatize, and sensitivity to treatments to the diverse cell clones. Tumour cell genomic instability and heterogeneity are the biological basis of the clinical observation that both the outcome of the patients and their responsiveness to anti-cancer therapy may be different among tumours classified as having the same pathological or clinical stage. Thus, for several solid tumours it is difficult, by using conventional clinicopathological criteria, to assess the prognosis or the likelihood of response to a specific form of anti-cancer treatment of any single patient.
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Nuno Brandão, Pedro, Lúcia Lacerda, and Marisa D. Santos. "Understand Sphingolipids Metabolism in Colorectal Cancer." In Recent Understanding of Colorectal Cancer Treatment [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.105465.
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Colorectal cancer is the fourth most frequently diagnosed cancer and one of the leading causes of cancer death around the world. Patients with locally advanced rectal cancer are treated with a combination of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery. Treatment response can be quite variable—some with complete response, while others show little or no response—and pathologic response has become a significant predictor of good oncologic outcome. The knowledge of the molecular pathways in colorectal cancer is increasing. However, unfortunately, it still fails to find some more precise method to select and tailor patients to different treatment approaches and overcome treatment resistance. Recent investigations showed that sphingolipids play an essential role in cancer biology and can influence treatment response and aggressiveness. It is of utmost importance to understand sphingolipids’ metabolism in colorectal cancer and how it affects tumor biology and response to treatment.
Conference papers on the topic "Pathological aggressiveness"
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Vieira, Jussane Oliveira, Afonso Celso Pinto Nazario, and Caio Perez Gomes. "PREDICTIVE FACTORS OF PATHOLOGIC COMPLETE RESPONSE AFTER NEOADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY IN BREAST CANCER." In XXIV Congresso Brasileiro de Mastologia. Mastology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942022v32s1066.
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Introduction: Breast cancer is a cancer that most affects women around the world. The neoadjuvant chemotherapy, nowadays, has been extended to the initial cases in order to de-escalate treatments, reducing the surgical aggressiveness of the breast and axilla. Pathologic complete response (pCR) is the major desired outcome, aiming to improve the overall and disease-free survival in a subgroup. Which factors would be correlated with pCR in our population and could help reduce the surgical extension in a SUS service in northeastern Brazil? Objective: The aim of this study is to find predictive factors of pCR after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, a subject that is still very controversial in the literature. Methods: This is an observational, analytical, longitudinal study carried out at the Brazilian Public Health System oncology service in the state of Sergipe with the participation of patients diagnosed with breast cancer who would undergo neoadjuvant chemotherapy between June 2019 and June 2020. Patients with a histological diagnosis of breast cancer who were admitted to the service with indication for neoadjuvant therapy were included. Patients with a histological diagnosis of carcinomatype breast cancer, of any age group, from stages I to III were included. Molecular subtypes were determined by immunohistochemical evaluation of core-needle biopsy material. After the treatment, the patients underwent mastectomy or breast-conserving surgery, depending on the indication of the attending physician at the service, without intervention by the researcher. For the treatment of the axilla, sentinel lymph node dissection or axillary dissection was performed. RECIST (response evaluation criteria for solid tumors) criteria were used to categorize the response. The hypothesis of independence between categorical variables was tested using Pearson’s χ2 or Fisher’s exact test. The hypothesis of the adherence of continuous variables to the normal distribution was tested using the Shapiro-Wilks test. Once this hypothesis was rejected, the hypothesis of equality of medians was tested using the Mann-Whitney U test. The significance level adopted was 5% and the software used was the R Core Team 2021 (version 4.1.0). Results: Data from 69 patients were collected during the study period. Of the patients analyzed prospectively, 17 achieved a pathological complete response (25.37%). The median age of these patients was 49 years. Despite a complete pathological response, 64.7% of these patients underwent mastectomy and 58.8% underwent axillary dissection. The median number of lymph nodes dissected in patients with rPC was 5 and in patients without rPC, it was 14.5. The median number of lymph nodes involved was 0.5 in patients who did not achieve rPC (p=0.006). Stages I and II were present in 76.5% of cases who achieved a complete pathological response. Among patients with a complete pathological response, 52.9% of cases were triple-negative tumors, 29.4% overexpressed HER2, and 17.6% Luminal (p=0.033). There were 11.8% of patients with metastases and complete pathological responses. Of the patients with rPC, 76.5% had a clinically negative axilla before chemotherapy and only 28.6% of the patients who did not achieve rPC (p=0.001) had a clinically negative axilla. Tumor staging before chemotherapy was initial (I and II) in patients with RPC in 76.5% and in those without rPC in 46% (p=0.04). In all, 76.5% of patients with rPC were from the capital and patients without rPC 60% were from the interior of the state (p=0.01). The median Ki67 of 50 was compared to the median Ki67 of 30 in patients without rPC (p=0.05). In a multivariate analysis, we observed the origin of the state capital and the initial clinically uncompromised axilla as independent predictors for pCR. Conclusion: The absence of prechemotherapy lymph node involvement and the origin of the capital proved to be independent predictors of complete pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in our study.
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Souza, Priscila M., Filomena M. Carvalho, Fernando N. Aguiar, Débora Gagliato, and Alfredo C. S. D. Barros. "ASSOCIATION BETWEEN GATA3 AND PATHOLOGIAL AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL PREDICTIVE AND PROGNOSTIC PARAMETERS IN EARLY BREAST CANCER." In Scientifc papers of XXIII Brazilian Breast Congress - 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s1046.
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Introduction: GATA3 gene, at 10p14, a member of the GATA family with two GATA-type zinc-fingers, encodes the transcription factors GATA - binding protein 3 (GATA3), critical for the luminal breast epithelium development and maintenance. The GATA3 protein is a linear one, with more than 400 aminoacids, that can be recognized by immunohistochemical analysis. Mutations of the GATA3 and loss of the expression of its related protein are implicated in breast cancer development and aggressiveness. As the most frequent transcription factor in luminal tumor cells, GATA3 became an important marker of mammary differentiation in neoplasias of unknown origin, better than mammaglobin and gross cystic disease fluid protein (GCDFP). Objectives: In this study, we aimed at assessing pathological and immunohistochemical variables and their association with GATA3 expression, adding bases for breast carcinogenesis comprehension and BC (Breast Cancer) precision therapy. Methods: GATA3 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in whole histological sections of tumors from 105 female patients with histological diagnosis of invasive breast carcinoma and at clinical stages I, II and IIIA, who underwent primary surgical treatment (protocol approval number: 1,604,792). GATA3 nuclear expression was determined in percentage of tumor cells and categorized as preserved (positive expression in more than 95% of cells) or reduced (negative or expression in up to 95% of tumor cells). GATA3 expression was analyzed according to patient’s age, tumor and node pathological stage, histological type, histological and nuclear grade, lymphovascular invasion, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, androgen receptor, HER2 status, and Ki-67. Results: GATA3 expression was detected in 103/105 (98.1%) cases. Reduced expression was associated with higher histological and nuclear grade, negative hormonal receptors, HER2-positive and higher proliferative activity according to Ki-67 expression. Triple negative breast carcinomas (TNBC) and ER-negative/HER2-positive presented the highest frequency of GATA3 reduction (75%) compared to ER-positive/HER2-negative (4.1%) and ER-positive/HER2-positive (20%). Proliferative activity in TNBC tended to be higher among tumors with GATA3 reduced, irrespective of androgen receptor expression. In the group of ER-positive/ HER2-negative tumors only 3 cases presented GATA3 reduction, all of them with high proliferative activity. Conclusions: GATA3 expression is present in almost all cases of early breast cancer. Reduction in its expression is associated with adverse prognostic factors and higher proliferative activity in all subtypes, including ER-positive/HER2-negative tumors.
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Nunes, Mirella Laranjeira, Carlos Eduardo Caiado Anunciação, Vidianna Barbosa Sampaio, Rossano Robério Fernandes Araújo, Cinthya Roberta Santos de Jesus, Ana Leide Guerra dos Santos, Bruno Pacheco Pereira, and João Esberard de Vasconcelos Beltrão Neto. "ADVANCED BREAST METAPLASTIC CARCINOMA IN A YOUNG PATIENT: A CASE REPORT." In Abstracts from the Brazilian Breast Cancer Symposium - BBCS 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s2050.
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Objective: The aim was to evaluate an atypical case due to the rare pathologic finding of metaplastic breast carcinoma in a young woman, with an aggressive pattern. Case Report: A 45-year-old female presented with suspicious palpable right axillary lesion at level 1 topography of 2.5 cm size on the physical examination. No breast mass was palpable. Mammography was BIRADS classification 1. Breast and axillar ultrasound done 2 months before showed benign findings on the left side and axillary lymph node (LN) of 2.3 cm and breast nodule of 1.1×0.9 cm on the right side. Core-needle biopsy showed fibroadenoma in the right-sided breast nodule and metastatic carcinoma in the axillary LN. Immunohistochemistry expression of the markers was consistent with breast origin and was progesterone and estrogen receptors positive and HER-2 negative. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed this atypical LN with 1.5 cm. Clinical staging is T0N1M0. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was performed with Adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, and paclitaxel. There was tumor remission with another MRI and ultrasonography showed the node metastasis with 1 cm. Right radical mastectomy was performed. Anatomopathology showed cytoarchitectural changes due to chemotherapy, complete pathological response in the LN, and immunohistochemistry unchanged. In addition, tumorectomy were performed in the left-sided nodule, with anatomopathology showing ductal ectasia and histiocitary abscess. Radiotherapy at the supraclavicular area and tangents was performed and tamoxifen was prescribed. The patient remained cancer free for 2 years after surgery. Conclusion: Metaplastic carcinoma represents less than 1% of breast cancers. Histologically, it is invasive and has subtypes based on the proportion of squamous, mesenchymal, and heterologous elements, such as cartilage and bone. Most common in women in the fifth decade and rare in younger than 35 years old. Usually, it is triple negative and has hematogenous dissemination, with little LN involvement and more distant metastasis. There is currently no described standard treatment. Owing to aggressiveness and poor prognosis, chemotherapy and modified radical mastectomy are performed. It is often refractory to standard regimens, so chemotherapy is indicated through the extrapolation of current data to invasive ductal carcinoma. The metastasis rate is about 35% in 5 years. The main prognostic factor is the size of the tumor at the time of diagnosis, LN metastasis, and poorly differentiated tumors.
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Nunes, Mirella Laranjeira, João Esberard de Vasconcelos Beltrão Neto, Rossano Robério Fernandes Araújo, Ana Leide Guerra dos Santos, and Guilherme Simão dos Santos Figueira. "A CASE REPORT OF BREAST CANCER TREATMENT IN TRANSGENDER MEN WITH BILATERAL SUBCUTANEOUS MASTECTOMY." In Scientifc papers of XXIII Brazilian Breast Congress - 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s1090.
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Introduction: The risk of breast cancer in transgender men is similar to that of cisgender women. The average age at diagnosis is 44 years, suggesting an early incidence with greater tumor aggressiveness. It commonly presents as a palpable mass, years after masculinizing mastectomy, and has a histological subtype of invasive ductal carcinoma and luminal molecular subtype. Although there are no screening and treatment protocols for these cases, similar follow-up to CIS is recommended, including mastectomy, hormone therapy, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Case report: Patient, 42 years old, woman, transgender, nulliparous, no use of hormones, presented to an appointment asking for aesthetic mastectomy. She reported a family history of aunt and two cousins with breast cancer and a 32 year-old sister with atypical ductal hyperplasia. She identified a mass in the superolateral quadrant of the left breast through self-examination of the breasts. The mammography showed dense breasts, BIRADS 0. Breast ultrasound resulted in a solid, hypoechoic nodule, irregularly contoured, microlobulated, measuring 1.1x0.6 cm, between 2h and 3h, and about 3 cm from the areola of the left breast and BIRADS 5. Resonance imaging showed this hypointense nodule with lobulated contours measuring 1.3 x 0.6 cm, 3.3 cm from the nipple and 1.7 cm from the pectoral muscles. USG-guided thick needle biopsy diagnosed IDC (Invasive ductal carcinoma), histological grade 2, nuclear grade 3, with moderate stromal fibrosis, severe stromal elastosis, mild lymphocytic inflammatory infiltratation and vascular invasion present. It was 100% positive estrogen receptor and 50% positive progesterone receptor, with 12% Ki67 and negative HER-2, luminal molecular subtype A at immunohistochemistry. A bilateral skin and papillary areolar complex saving mastectomy was performed with sentinel node biopsy on the left. Anatomopathological examination showed absence of metastatic neoplasia in the lymph nodes and left breast with IDC in the retroareolar region, with the same characteristics as the previous biopsy. Pathological staging was T1N0M0 and anatomical staging and pathological prognosis was Ia. Oncotype DX Recurrence Score test was equal to 26. The patient was subjected to six cycles of Taxotere plus Cyclophosphamide and is using Tamoxifen and hormone with Androgel. We report a case of subcutaneous mastectomy used in an innovative way with preservation of the areola-papillary complex (APC), with an aesthetic contour of the chest wall and adjustment of the APC, allowing greater satisfaction in the experience of the genus. The same breast pathology that occurs in women should be expected in transgender women. So, we must consider that the focus on the aesthetic result may result in less precaution with the thickness of the remaining dermogreasy flap, with residual breast glandular tissue, and a higher risk of breast cancer.