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Journal articles on the topic 'Pasture sampling'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

BOYARD, C., J. BARNOUIN, P. GASQUI, and G. VOURC'H. "Local environmental factors characterizing Ixodes ricinus nymph abundance in grazed permanent pastures for cattle." Parasitology 134, no. 7 (2007): 987–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182007002351.

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SUMMARYAlthough Ixodes ricinus ticks are mainly associated with woodland, they are also present in open habitat such as pastures. The distribution of nymphal I. ricinus was monitored by drag sampling the vegetation in May–June 2003 on 61 grazed permanent pastures for cattle located in central France. After selecting explanatory variables from among a set of 155, tick abundance was modelled on the perimeter of the pasture using a negative binomial model that took into account data overdispersion. An abundant tree layer at the perimeter of the pasture associated with a high humidity before sampl

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2

McCaughey, W. P., K. Wittenberg, and D. Corrigan. "Impact of pasture type on methane production by lactating beef cows." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 79, no. 2 (1999): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/a98-107.

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In order to determine the quantity of methane (CH4) produced by lactating beef cows on pasture, 16 Hereford–Simmental first-calf heifers with a mean weight of 511.2 ± 5.8 kg were randomly selected from a larger group of cows (n = 60) on a grazing management experiment and used to evaluate the effects of pasture type on ruminal CH4 production using the sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) tracer-gas technique. Pasture treatments consisted of two pasture types, alfalfa-grass [78% alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) – 22% meadow bromegrass (Bromus biebersteinii Roem and Schult.)] or 100% meadow bromegrass at each

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3

Hutchinson, K. J., D. R. Scobie, J. Beautrais, et al. "A protocol for sampling pastures in hill country." Journal of New Zealand Grasslands 78 (January 1, 2016): 203–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/jnzg.2016.78.511.

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To develop a protocol to guide pasture sampling for estimation of paddock pasture mass in hill country, a range of pasture sampling strategies, including random sampling, transects and stratification based on slope and aspect, were evaluated using simulations in a Geographical Information Systems computer environment. The accuracy and efficiency of each strategy was tested by sampling data obtained from intensive field measurements across several farms, regions and seasons. The number of measurements required to obtain an accurate estimate was related to the overall pasture mass and the topogr

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4

Heard, J. W., S. A. Francis, and P. T. Doyle. "Nutritive characteristics of annual species in irrigated pasture in northern Victoria." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 8 (2006): 1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea04268.

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We examined changes in estimated metabolisable energy (ME), crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) concentrations of irrigated annual pastures through winter and spring in 2002. The types of pastures sampled were ‘high’ subterranean clover (HS, at least 800 g/kg DM clover), ‘low’ subterranean clover (LS, about 400 g/kg DM clover) and ‘low’ Persian clover (LP, about 500 g/kg DM clover). Estimates were also made of selection differentials, namely the nutrient concentration in the pasture fraction likely to be consumed expressed as a proportion of the nutrient concentration in the w

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McFarlane, JD, GJ Judson, and J. Gouzos. "Copper deficiency in ruminants in the South East of South Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 30, no. 2 (1990): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9900187.

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Pasture development in the South East of South Australia has depended upon trace element enriched fertiliser applications. Despite the wide usage of copper-enriched fertilisers, copper deficiency is still evident in livestock at pasture, particularly cattle. Serum collected from cows and heifers during the systematic sampling program of the Brucellosis and Tuberculosis Eradication Scheme was analysed for copper. Of the 3611 pooled herd samples analysed, approximately 9% had low serum copper concentrations (<7 �mol/L). Distribution of those herds identified to be at risk of copper deficiency

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Serrano, João, Shakib Shahidian, Francisco Moral, Fernando Carvajal-Ramirez, and José Marques da Silva. "Estimation of Productivity in Dryland Mediterranean Pastures: Long-Term Field Tests to Calibration and Validation of the Grassmaster II Probe." AgriEngineering 2, no. 2 (2020): 240–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering2020015.

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The estimation of pasture productivity is of great interest for the management of animal grazing. The standard method of assessing pasture mass requires great effort and expense to collect enough samples to accurately represent a pasture. This work presents the results of a long-term study to calibrate a Grassmaster II capacitance probe to estimate pasture productivity in two phases: (i) the calibration phase (2007–2018), which included measurements in 1411 sampling points in three parcels; and (ii) the validation phase (2019), which included measurements in 216 sampling points in eight parcel

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McNeill, M. R., and C. Van_Koten. "Weevils in pasture a comparison of sampling techniques." New Zealand Plant Protection 64 (January 8, 2011): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2011.64.5987.

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This study compared four methods to quantitatively sample adult Listronotus bonariensis and Sitona lepidus (both Coleoptera Curculionidae) in dairy pasture with a view of determining an appropriate sampling method for accurate population estimation in terms of weevils/m2 Collections were made by one of three vacuum methods a vacuum cleaner to take 12 02 m2 quadrats a Vortis (24 16 cm diameter 002 m2) or blowervac (30 m ca 11 cm diameter 327 m2) to suck the weevils from the soil surface; or by taking turf cores (48 10 cm diameter 000785 m2) with extraction of weevils using a Berlesse funnel The

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McCown∗, S., J. Ringler, K. Watson, B. Cassill, J. Stine, and L. Lawrence. "Sampling Factors Affecting Carbohydrate Measurements in Pasture Grasses." Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 29, no. 5 (2009): 410–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2009.04.109.

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9

Mudge, P. L., L. A. Schipper, W. T. Baisden, A. Ghani та R. W. Lewis. "Changes in soil C, N and δ15N along three forest–pasture chronosequences in New Zealand". Soil Research 52, № 1 (2014): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr13183.

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Changes in total soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and natural-abundance N isotopes (δ15N) were measured along three forest-to-pasture chronosequences on pumice soils in the Central North Island of New Zealand. On each of the three chronosequences, exotic pine forests had been converted to intensive dairy pastures 2–11 years before sampling and samples were also taken from remaining pine forests and long-term pastures (40–80 years old). The primary objective of the study was to test the hypothesis that surface-soil δ15N would increase over time following conversion of forest to pasture, due to gre

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10

Batson, M.-G. "Effect of pasture renovation on the size and composition of the germinable fraction of the seed pool beneath bent grass (Agrostis castellana) pastures in southern Victoria." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 50, no. 1 (1999): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a98026.

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This paper investigated the potential for propagation of grass weeds from seed by measuring changes in the size and composition of the germinable fraction of the seed pool beneath 4 bent grass (Agrostis castellana) pastures in southern Victoria during renovation. Soil samples, for the estimation of the seed pool by seedling emergence in the glasshouse, were taken from a control and a renovated pasture on 3 occasions during renovation at each of the 4 sites. The depth distribution of seeds in the top 0–100 mm was assessed by dividing collected soil samples into depths of 0–30 mm and 30–100 mm.

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11

Reed, K. F. M., J. R. Walsh, P. A. Cross, N. M. McFarlane, and M. A. Sprague. "Ryegrass endophyte (Neotyphodium lolii) alkaloids and mineral concentrations in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) from southwest Victorian pasture." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 44, no. 12 (2004): 1185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea03242.

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On all of 120 farms in south-west Victoria that were selected at random and sampled during autumn and winter over 2 years, perennial ryegrass was present in the pasture and tested positive for the presence of the naturally occurring ryegrass endophyte, Neotyphodium lolii (mean frequency 78%). Ryegrass staggers were reported on 33% (1999) and 43% (2000) of the surveyed farms. Clinically significant concentrations of lolitrem B were detected in perennial ryegrass samples with concentrations in the range 0–4.44 mg/kg. Concentration exceeded 1.8 mg/kg in 37% of pastures indicating an inherent, wid

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12

Corazza, Edemar Joaquim, Michel Brossard, Takashi MuraokaI, and Maurício Antonio Coelho Filho. "Spatial variability of soil phosphorus of a low productivity Brachiaria brizantha pasture." Scientia Agricola 60, no. 3 (2003): 559–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162003000300022.

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Studies on soil phosphorus (P) of low productivity cultivated pastures in Cerrado (Brazilian Savanna) areas and surveys on other possible problems related to P are scarce. The spatial variability of soil phosphorus content of a Rhodic Ferralsol was studied in a low productivity pasture of Brachiaria brizantha (BB) grown for 10 years, without fertilizer application, in an experimental area at Planaltina (GO), Brazil. Soil samplings were performed on a regular grid of 10 by 10 meters, with 98 sampling points before (between tussocks and under tussocks) and after the establishment of the experime

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13

Vasco, Ana Caroline Cerqueira de Melo, Ana Margarita Arias-Esquivel, Emma Seals, et al. "111 Grazing behavior of horses managed on legume-grass mixed pastures." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (2020): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.162.

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Abstract Intercropping legume into grass pastures improves pasture quality and decreases the need for nitrogen (N) fertilizer, while providing a more heterogenic grazing environment. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of rhizoma peanut (RP, Arachis glabrata) intercropped into bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) pasture on horse grazing performance. Unfertilized bahiagrass (UNF) with no N fertilizer, bahiagrass with 120 kg N ha-1 (FER), and bahiagrass with RP and 30 kg N ha-1 (RP) pastures were evaluated using twelve mature Quarter Horses continuously stocked for 84 days in a randomized block de

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14

Kariuki, Solomon K., Hailin Zhang, Jackie L. Schroder, Travis Hanks, M. Payton, and Tracy Morris. "Spatial Variability and Soil Sampling in a Grazed Pasture." Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 40, no. 9-10 (2009): 1674–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00103620902832089.

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15

Lodge, G. M., K. L. King, and S. Harden. "Effects of pasture treatments on detached pasture litter mass, quality, litter loss, decomposition rates, and residence time in northern New South Wales." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 57, no. 10 (2006): 1073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar05408.

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Few data are available on litter quantity and quality and decomposition rates over time and what effects stocking rate, grazing method, legume introduction, and fertiliser application may have. Studies were conducted from spring 1997 to 2001 at 3 pasture sites in northern New South Wales to provide such data by examining the effects of pasture treatments on detached litter mass (kg DM/ha) and quality data (percent carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and C : N ratio) collected at 9 sampling times in 2 replicates of 5 (native pasture) or 4 (sown pasture) treatments and examined for differences over time us

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16

Lodge, G. M., and S. R. Murphy. "Root depth of native and sown perennial grass-based pastures, North-West Slopes, New South Wales. 1. Estimates from cores and effects of grazing treatments." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 3 (2006): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea04276.

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Studies were undertaken on native and sown perennial grass-based pastures as part of the Sustainable Grazing Systems National Experiment to estimate root depth and describe root distribution in these pastures. Samples from soil cores (0–210 cm maximum sampling depth) taken in 1997 (before grazing treatments were imposed) and 4 years later in spring 2001 were used to examine the effects of different grazing regimes on root length density (cm/cm3), root mass density (mg/cm3), root volume density (cm3/cm3), and diameter (mm) at each of 3 sites. In spring 1997, mean maximum root depth was 107 cm f

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17

Pyle, Lysandra A., Linda M. Hall, and Edward W. Bork. "Soil properties in northern temperate pastures do not vary with management practices and are independent of rangeland health." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 99, no. 4 (2019): 495–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjss-2019-0076.

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Studies examining the influence of disturbance and management history on pasture soils across a large sampling area are uncommon. We report on the soil properties found in 102 northern temperate pastures sampled in central Alberta, Canada, and relate these attributes to ongoing pasture management practices compiled from producer surveys and aboveground measures of rangeland health (RH). Tame pastures, typically seeded to introduced forages, were associated with higher soil fertility (total carbon, nitrogen, and organic matter) than semi-native grasslands, which were associated with coarse-text

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18

Wilson, Brian R., and Vanessa E. Lonergan. "Land-use and historical management effects on soil organic carbon in grazing systems on the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales." Soil Research 51, no. 8 (2013): 668. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr12376.

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We examined soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration (mg g–1) and total organic carbon (TOC) stock (Mg ha–1 to 30 cm soil depth) in three pasture systems in northern New South Wales: improved pasture, native pasture, and lightly wooded pasture, at two sampling times (2009 and 2011). No significant difference was found in SOC or TOC between sample times, suggesting that under the conditions we examined, neither 2 years nor an intervening significant rainfall event was sufficient to change the quantity or our capacity to detect SOC, and neither represented a barrier to soil carbon accounting. Low

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19

Michez, Adrien, Philippe Lejeune, Sébastien Bauwens, et al. "Mapping and Monitoring of Biomass and Grazing in Pasture with an Unmanned Aerial System." Remote Sensing 11, no. 5 (2019): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11050473.

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The tools available to farmers to manage grazed pastures and adjust forage demand to grass growth are generally rather static. Unmanned aerial systems (UASs) are interesting versatile tools that can provide relevant 3D information, such as sward height (3D structure), or even describe the physical condition of pastures through the use of spectral information. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of UAS to characterize a pasture’s sward height and above-ground biomass at a very fine spatial scale. The pasture height provided by UAS products showed good agreement (R2 = 0.62) with a referen

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20

Legg, Mathew, and Stuart Bradley. "Ultrasonic Proximal Sensing of Pasture Biomass." Remote Sensing 11, no. 20 (2019): 2459. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11202459.

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The optimization of pasture food value, known as ‘biomass’, is crucial in the management of the farming of grazing animals and in improving food production for the future. Optical sensing methods, particularly from satellite platforms, provide relatively inexpensive and frequently updated wide-area coverage for monitoring biomass and other forage properties. However, there are also benefits from direct or proximal sensing methods for higher accuracy, more immediate results, and for continuous updates when cloud cover precludes satellite measurements. Direct measurement, by cutting and weighing

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21

Bramley, E., I. J. Lean, W. J. Fulkerson, and N. D. Costa. "Feeding management and feeds on dairy farms in New South Wales and Victoria." Animal Production Science 52, no. 1 (2012): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an11214.

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Feeding practices in Australian dairy herds were recorded in 100 dairy herds in five districts of two states. A questionnaire about the feeding practices was completed and pasture samples were also collected, where applicable, for analysis. Data and pasture samples were collected once from each farm with visits to regions occurring at different times of the year. Diets were evaluated for nutritional adequacy using the CPM Dairy program. Average milk yield on the day of sampling was 22.8 L/day. The combination of grazed pasture with grain fed during milking was the most prevalent feeding system

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Line, Daniel E., William A. Harman, and Gregory D. Jennings. "COMPARING SAMPLING SCHEMES FOR MONITORING POLLUTANT EXPORT FROM A DAIRY PASTURE." Journal of the American Water Resources Association 34, no. 6 (1998): 1265–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1998.tb05430.x.

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23

Turner, David L., and Warren P. Clary. "Sequential Sampling Protocol for Monitoring Pasture Utilization Using Stubble Height Criteria." Journal of Range Management 54, no. 2 (2001): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4003173.

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McCaughey, W. P., K. Wittenberg, and D. Corrigan. "Methane production by steers on pasture." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 77, no. 3 (1997): 519–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/a96-137.

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In order to determine the quantity of methane (CH4) produced by steers on pasture, 16 steers with a mean weight of 356 ± 25 kg were randomly selected from a larger group of cattle (n = 48) to evaluate the effects of grazing management and monensin controlled release capsule (CRC) administration on ruminal CH4 production using the sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) tracer-gas technique. Pasture management treatments consisted of two grazing systems (continuous stocking or 10-paddock rotational stocking) at each of two stocking rates (low, 1.1 steer ha−1 or high, 2.2 steers ha−1) with two replications o

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25

Serrano, João, Shakib Shahidian, Francisco Costa, Emanuel Carreira, Alfredo Pereira, and Mário Carvalho. "Can Soil pH Correction Reduce the Animal Supplementation Needs in the Critical Autumn Period in Mediterranean Montado Ecosystem?" Agronomy 11, no. 3 (2021): 514. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11030514.

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Extensive livestock production in Mediterranean climate conditions and acidic soils requires animal feed supplementation. This occurs during the summer and, frequently, also in the autumn and winter, depending on the prevailing rainfall patterns. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of dolomitic limestone application and of tree canopy on availability, quality, and floristic composition of a permanent pasture, grazed by sheep. At the end of autumn, winter, and spring of 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 pasture green and dry matter production (GM and DM, respectively), crude protein (CP)

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Dias, Fabiane Pereira Machado, Ésio de Castro Paes, Flávia de Jesus Nunes, et al. "Amostral Optimization of Mechanical Resistance to the Penetration of a Yellow Oxisol Under Pasture." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 9 (2018): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n9p275.

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The degradation of pastures can be characterized by several factors, mainly due to the management adopted, so in view of the country’s territorial extension and the peculiarity of each region and soil type, it is essential to develop research to improve the monitoring of the system. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different sample densities to establish a mesh that gives precision in maps of spatial variability of soil mechanical resistance to root penetration to pasture areas in the coastal tableland region of Northeast Brazil. In a pasture area, three sampling meshe

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Taylor, Anna R., Randy Dew, Ken Bryan, J. Nathan Pike, and T. Ryan Lock. "173 The effects of Fescue EMTTM Mineral Defense on stocker heifer growth while grazing tall fescue." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_1 (2019): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz053.135.

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Abstract Previous research demonstrates grazing tall fescue can decrease reproductive performance and weight gain in cattle. The objective of this study was to evaluate Fescue EMTTM Mineral Defense (Cargill Animal Nutrition, Minneapolis, MN) on summer weight gain in cattle grazing tall fescue pastures in SW Missouri. Heifers (n = 120; initial BW = 236 ± 2.5 kg) were stratified by weight to replicated tall fescue pastures to either a control mineral treatment or Fescue EMT™ Mineral Defense treatment. Forage availability was estimated weekly by ultrasonic sensor. Pasture samples were collected e

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Condon, Jason R., A. Scott Black, and Mark K. Conyers. "Simulated sheep urine causes the formation of acidic subsurface layers in soil under field conditions." Soil Research 58, no. 7 (2020): 662. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr20120.

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This study aimed to ascertain whether application of sheep urine led to the development of acidic subsurface layers of a pasture soil. Deionised water or simulated urine solution delivering urea-nitrogen (N) at 44.8 g m–2 and potassium at 25 g m–2 was applied to soil in either winter or spring. Treatments were applied to the soil surface within 10.3 cm internal diameter PVC tubes inserted 20 cm into the soil either under ryegrass or kept bare. Main sampling times corresponded to the completion of various soil N transformations as determined by periodic sampling. Main samplings involved the col

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Groppo, J. D., S. R. M. Lins, P. B. Camargo, et al. "Changes in soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus due to land-use changes in Brazil." Biogeosciences 12, no. 15 (2015): 4765–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4765-2015.

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Abstract. In this paper, soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations and stocks were investigated in agricultural and natural areas in 17 plot-level paired sites and in a regional survey encompassing more than 100 pasture soils In the paired sites, elemental soil concentrations and stocks were determined in native vegetation (forests and savannas), pastures and crop–livestock systems (CPSs). Nutrient stocks were calculated for the soil depth intervals 0–10, 0–30, and 0–60 cm for the paired sites and 0–10, and 0–30 cm for the pasture regional survey by sum stocks obtained in each sampli

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Serrano, João, Shakib Shahidian, José Marques da Silva, et al. "Evaluation of Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) and Remote Sensing (RS) for Estimating Pasture Quality in Mediterranean Montado Ecosystem." Applied Sciences 10, no. 13 (2020): 4463. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10134463.

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Pasture quality monitoring is a key element in the decision making process of a farm manager. Laboratory reference methods for assessing quality parameters such as crude protein (CP) or fibers (neutral detergent fiber: NDF) require collection and analytical procedures involving technicians, time, and reagents, making them laborious and expensive. The objective of this work was to evaluate two technological and expeditious approaches for estimating and monitoring the evolution of the quality parameters in biodiverse Mediterranean pastures: (i) near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) combined with mul

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Gourley, C. J. P., and G. S. James. "Predicting the response of irrigated perennial pasture to superphosphate in Victoria." Soil Research 35, no. 2 (1997): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/s96061.

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Experiments were conducted at 42 sites in the northern and south-eastern irrigation districts of Victoria to determine the relationship between extractable phosphorus (P) using the Olsen P soil test, and response of irrigated perennial pasture to an annual application of superphosphate. Relative responses (the response relative to the maximum yield, P non-limiting) were measured over 4 seasons (summer, autumn, winter, and spring). At 12 of these sites, selected from a range of soils with different clay contents, the effect of clay content on the curvature of the pasture dry mass (DM) response

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Townsend, R. J., and T. A. Jackson. "Biocontrol a possibile option to control manuka beetle (Pyronota spp) causing pasture damage on dairy farms on the West Coast." New Zealand Plant Protection 61 (August 1, 2008): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2008.61.6860.

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Manuka beetle (Pyronota spp Bois Coleoptera Scarabaeidae) has often been reported causing pasture damage frequently in areas close to bush margins Larvae feed on the roots of pasture species producing damage that is often attributed to grass grub (Costelytra zealandica) During 200607 significant pasture damage was observed in dairy pastures established on flipped developments on sandy soils near Cape Foulwind and on hump and hollow developments near Bell Hill north of Lake Brunner Sampling revealed damage was caused by high populations of manuka beetle larvae; no grass grubs were found in eith

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Pinto, Alexandrede S., Mercedes M. C. Bustamante, Maria Regina S. S. da Silva, et al. "Effects of Different Treatments of Pasture Restoration on Soil Trace Gas Emissions in the Cerrados of Central Brazil." Earth Interactions 10, no. 1 (2006): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/ei146.1.

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Abstract Planted pastures (mainly Brachiaria spp) are the most extensive land use in the cerrado (savannas of central Brazil) with an area of approximately 50 × 106 ha. The objective of the study was to assess the effects of pasture restoration on the N dynamics (net N mineralization/nitrification, available inorganic N and soil N oxide gas fluxes—NO and N2O), C dynamics (CO2 fluxes and microbial biomass carbon), and diversity of the soil bacterial community using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiles. Sampling was done monthly on a farm in Planaltina, Goiás, Brazil (15°13′S,

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Coates, D. B., and R. M. Dixon. "Faecal near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (F.NIRS) measurements of non-grass proportions in the diet of cattle grazing tropical rangelands." Rangeland Journal 29, no. 1 (2007): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj07011.

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Frequent faecal near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (F.NIRS) analyses of faeces from cattle grazing a range of tropical pastures were used to measure the non-grass component, and other aspects, of their diets. Seasonal profiles of non-grass and crude protein in the diet are presented for nine sites from the speargrass, Aristida–Bothriochloa, and Mitchell grass dominated pasture regions, and for three shrubland sites where browse was plentiful. In grass-dominated native pastures of the speargrass and Aristida–Bothriochloa pasture regions of Queensland where little browse was available, non-g

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Hill, N. S., J. A. Stuedemann, G. O. Ware, and J. C. Petersen. "Pasture Sampling Requirement for near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy Estimates of Botanical Composition." Crop Science 29, no. 3 (1989): 774–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1989.0011183x002900030047x.

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Vulich, S. A., J. P. Hanrahan, and E. G. O’Riordan. "Evaluation of pasture sampling procedures for the estimation of herbage n-alkanes." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1992 (March 1992): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600022819.

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The assessment of herbage intake using the n-alkane technique requires estimates of the n-alkane concentrations in the diet. The objective of the present study was a) to assess the magnitude of sampling variation in n-alkane concentrations among herbage samples taken from individual oesophageal fistulated wethers, b) compare n-alkane concentrations determined from oesophageal extrusa, hand plucked, and mechanically clipped herbage samples and c) assess the effect of errors in the estimates of herbage n-alkane concentrations on the accuracy of intake estimates.

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Acharya, Roshani S., Timothy Leslie, Emily Fitting, Joan Burke, Kelly Loftin, and Neelendra K. Joshi. "Color of Pan Trap Influences Sampling of Bees in Livestock Pasture Ecosystem." Biology 10, no. 5 (2021): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10050445.

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The decline in insect pollinators has increased the importance of accurately monitoring pollinator diversity and abundance over time. Sampling techniques include the use of passive insect traps such as pan traps, yet there is still discussion over their utility and effectiveness in different ecosystems. The objective was to examine four different colors of pan traps (blue, green, yellow, and purple) for their utility in sampling bees in native forages rotationally grazed by sheep and to compare the relative abundance, richness, similarity, and community assemblage patterns among the four trap

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Jacobs, J. L., F. R. McKenzie, S. E. Rigby, and G. Kearney. "Effect of nitrogen fertiliser application and length of lock up on dairy pasture dry matter yield and quality for silage in south-western Victoria." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 38, no. 3 (1998): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea97151.

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Summary. This study aimed to define the effect of differing rates of nitrogen application and lock up length on harvested material for silage in south-western Victoria. At 2 sites in south-western Victoria, 140, 3 by 2 m plots of predominantly perennial ryegrass pasture were randomly allocated, within 4 replicate blocks. Five nitrogen fertiliser rates (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 kg N/ha) in combination with 7 lock up lengths were randomly allocated to the 35 plots within each replicate. Nitrogen was applied 1 week after initial lock up (September 10, site 1; September 12, site 2) and harvesting commen

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Martínez-Falcón, Ana Paola, Gustavo A. Zurita, Ilse J. Ortega-Martínez, and Claudia E. Moreno. "Populations and assemblages living on the edge: dung beetles responses to forests-pasture ecotones." PeerJ 6 (December 13, 2018): e6148. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6148.

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Edge effects alter insect biodiversity in several ways. However, we still have a limited understanding on simultaneous responses of ecological populations and assemblages to ecotones, especially in human modified landscapes. We analyze edge effects on dung beetle populations and assemblages between livestock pastures and native temperate forests (Juniperusand pine-oak forests (POFs)) to describe how species abundances and assemblage parameters respond to edge effects through gradients in forest-pasture ecotones. InJuniperusforest 13 species avoided the ecotones: six species showed greater abun

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Reppert, Emily J., Kathryn E. Reif, Shawnee R. Montgomery, et al. "Determination of plasma-chlortetracycline (CTC) concentrations in grazing beef cattle fed one of four FDA approved free-choice CTC-medicated minerals." Translational Animal Science 4, no. 2 (2020): 1128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tas/txaa048.

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Abstract Control of active bovine anaplasmosis in the United States is predicated on the use of chlortetracycline (CTC)-medicated feed throughout the vector season. However, data describing population pharmacokinetics of chlortetracycline in cows, on pasture, having free-choice access to CTC-medicated mineral for consecutive months is lacking. This study documented plasma-CTC concentrations in grazing cows during peak vector season in an anaplasmosis endemic herd. Each pasture was administered one of the four Food and Drug Administration approved CTC-medicated mineral formulations and were ass

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Plaza, Tarik Godoy D., and Carla Galbiati. "Influence of Flood Pulse on Termite Diversity (INSECTA: ISOPTERA) in the Pantanal." Sociobiology 64, no. 3 (2017): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v64i3.1371.

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This research aimed to associate termite diversity to flood pulse by Paraguay River, and with savannas and pasture areas. The study was conducted nearby the town of Cáceres, in Pantanal - Mato Grosso, on six livestock farms subject to Paraguay River flood pulse. Types of land use sampled were native savanna and cultivated pasture. Flooded and dry plots were selected, both the savanna and the pasture in each sampling area. Termite richness and abundance was analysed based on the environments as an explanatory variable (FP – flooded pasture, DP – dry pasture, FS – flooded savanna, DS – dry savan

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Hill, N. S., F. N. Thompson, J. A. Stuedemann, D. L. Dawe, and E. E. Hiatt. "Urinary Alkaloid Excretion as a Diagnostic Tool for Fescue Toxicosis in Cattle." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 12, no. 3 (2000): 210–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063870001200303.

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Fescue toxicosis research studies have often included serum prolactin as a physiologic index of the disorder. Serum prolactin has not been used as a clinical measure of fescue toxicosis because of variation associated with sex and physiologic condition of the animal and climatic and seasonal factors. The primary excretory route of the alkaloids responsible for this toxicosis is the urine. Three pasture experiments were conducted to examine serum prolactin and urinary ergot alkaloid variability among steers continuously grazing endophyte-infected (E+) or endophyte-free (E-) tall fescue and amon

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Dobos, R. C., F. A. P. Alvarenga, H. Bansi, et al. "Mapping variability of pasture sward height, dry matter availability and disappearance during grazing." Crop and Pasture Science 72, no. 7 (2021): 551. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp20347.

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This study investigated whether geostatistical methods can be applied to severely drought-affected pastures to assess spatial variability in sward height (SH) and dry matter yield (DMY) and change in SH and DM in response to grazing. Geo-referenced SH data were collected using a rapid, non-destructive method (rapid pasture meter) and analysed by geostatistical methodology. Eight severely drought-affected paddocks (~1.25 ha) were grazed individually by two groups of 20 Angus heifers in two 28-day phases (P1 and P2) between 2 July and 29 August 2019. Pasture DMY was estimated from calibration eq

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Fannin, F. F., D. Kubly, Y. Wang, and L. P. Bush. "Epidemiological study with the mare and Neotyphodium coenophialum toxins." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 13 (January 1, 2007): 423–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.13.2006.3114.

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The objective of this study was to relate chemical components of pastures containing tall fescue suspected to be causative to reduced conception and early embryonic death in the mare. Pasture sampling was conducted on 143 pastures and over 500 sites during mare breeding. Tall fescue was 16- 42% of the forage in most pastures and about 65% of the plants were infected with Neotyphodium coenophialum. Ergovaline content ranged from 0 to 2220 ng/g. Lysergic acid was present in equal or lesser amounts than ergovaline. Approximately 10% of the mares did not conceive or had early foetal loss. Because

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Degens, Bradley P., and Maja Vojvodi´c-Vukovi´c. "A sampling strategy to assess the effects of land use on microbial functional diversity in soils." Soil Research 37, no. 4 (1999): 593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr98091.

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A suitable sampling strategy is necessary for broad-scale investigations of the effects of land use on microbial functional diversity in soils. We report on the development of procedures for sampling and handling field soils for assessment of heterotrophic functional diversity [by analysis of catabolic response profiles (CRPs)]. Individual CRPs were subject to factor analysis and the results were used for statistical comparisons of the soils. Transect sampling comparing CRPs in forest with pasture showed that most variation was attributable to differences between land uses, followed by field r

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Baxter, Lisa L., Charles P. West, C. Philip Brown, and Paul E. Green. "Comparing Nondestructive Sampling Techniques for Predicting Forage Mass in Alfalfa-Tall Wheatgrass Pasture." Agronomy Journal 109, no. 5 (2017): 2097–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2016.12.0738.

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Barker, G. M., and P. J. Addison. "Sampling Argentine stem weevil,Listronotus bonariensis(Kuschel), populations in pasture: the egg stage." New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 33, no. 4 (1990): 649–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288233.1990.10428469.

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Peña-Domene, Marinés, Cristina Martínez-Garza, Luz Ayestarán-Hernández, and Henry Howe. "Plant Attributes that Drive Dispersal and Establishment Limitation in Tropical Agricultural Landscapes." Forests 9, no. 10 (2018): 620. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f9100620.

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Factors that influence tropical-forest regeneration have been of interest across the tropics. We tested the degree of dispersal and establishment limitation of pioneer and non-pioneer tree species with different dispersal modes and seed sizes, using data on both seed fall and seedling establishment in primary forest, secondary forest, and pasture excluded from livestock. The study took place in a lowland tropical rain forest in southeastern Mexico. To calculate dispersal and establishment limitation, we used a density-weighted index that considers: (1) whether a seed or seedling of a given spe

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Robaina, A. C., C. Grainger, P. Moate, J. Taylor, and J. Stewart. "Responses to grain feeding by grazing dairy cows." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 38, no. 6 (1998): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea97087.

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Summary. Two experiments were conducted on feeding grain supplements to dairy cows during summer. In experiment 1, dairy cows in mid–late lactation were offered one of 2 pasture allowances (about 20 and 40 kg DM/cow.day) with and without a supplement of a grain mix (5 kg of a 70 : 30 mixture of barley and lupins). This experiment was conducted twice over 2 consecutive summer–autumn periods (years 1 and 2). Milk yields were higher at the high pasture allowance and with grain feeding. The marginal response to grain feeding (kg milk/kg grain DM consumed) was 0.7 at both pasture allowances in year

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Reed, K. F. M., Z. N. Nie, L. V. Walker, and G. Kearney. "Fluctuations in the concentration of ergovaline and lolitrem B produced by the wild-type endophyte (Neotyphodium lolii) in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) pasture." Animal Production Science 51, no. 12 (2011): 1098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an11143.

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Mammalian toxins produced by the wild-type endophyte, Neotyphodium lolii, in perennial ryegrass (PRG) pasture cause production losses and animal health and welfare problems in livestock. Managing this risk is limited by the lack of information on fluctuations in the concentration of toxin in Australian pasture. We investigated how the toxin concentrations may be related to recent observations of weather. Swards sown from common seedlots of two cultivars of wild endophyte-infected PRG, grazed short by sheep, were sampled at 2–4 weekly intervals from spring to autumn at two sites in Victoria. Th

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