Relevant bibliographies by topics / Pasture

Academic literature on the topic 'Pasture'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Pasture"

1

Castro R., Edwin, José E. Mojica R., Javier León, Martha Pabón, Juan Carulla, and Edgar Cárdenas. "Balance de nitrógeno en pastura de gramíneas y pastura de gramínea más Lotus uliginosus en la sabana de Bogotá, Colombia." Corpoica Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria 10, no. 1 (June 28, 2009): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/rcta.vol10_num1_art:133.

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<p>En esta investigación se determinó el balance de nitrógeno en dos tipos de pasturas de clima frío: una pastura mixta de dos gramíneas -kikuyo (<em>Pennisetum clandestinum</em>) y festuca alta (<em>Festuca arundinacea</em>)- y pastura asociada de la gramínea festuca alta más la leguminosa trébol pata de pájaro (<em>Lotus uliginosus</em>), en un área de 1 ha cada una, con un diseño al azar con la vaca como unidad experimental y la pastura como tratamiento. Se emplearon cinco vacas Holstein para cada tratamiento durante un período experimental de 14 días. Se determinó la producción de biomasa (g MS/m2), cantidad de nitrógeno en la pastura, suplemento, salidas en heces, orina y leche, y el valor de eficiencia de uso del nitrógeno por los animales. En el balance del nitrógeno en el animal, se observó mejor eficiencia en su uso en la pastura asociada comparada con la pastura mixta, y cambios en las vías de excreción, siendo mayor la salida en orina de los alimentados con pastura mixta y mayor en leche en los alimentados con la asociada. El balance de nitrógeno en la pastura in situ se realizó con un modelo de simulación, empleando los valores determinados en este ensayo, y se observó que fue positivo para la pastura asociada frente a la mixta; esto indica menor necesidad de nitrógeno externo en la pastura asociada. La pastura asociada mejoró la eficiencia de uso del nitrógeno en ganado para leche y presentó un balance positivo en el sistema de pastura. </p><p> </p><p><strong>Nitrogen balance in grass and grass plus </strong><strong><em>Lotus uliginosus </em></strong><strong>pastures in the west region of the Bogotá savanna, Colombia</strong> </p><p>This study determined the nitrogen balance in two types of template pastures: a mixed pasture of two grass kikuyu (<em>Pennisetum clandestinum</em>) and tall fescue (<em>Festuca arundinacea</em>) pasture and the associated tall fescue grass and legume bird foot trefoil (<em>Lotus uliginosus</em>), in an area of 1 ha, with a completely randomized design with cow as the experimental unit and pasture treatment. Five Holstein cows were used for each treatment for an experimental period of 14 days. Was determined the biomass production (g MS/m2), nitrogen amount in the pasture, supplement outlets in feces, urine and milk, and the value of efficiency of nitrogen use by animals. In animal balance was best efficiency in nitrogen use in the associated pasture in front of the mixed pasture, and changes in the excretion routes, with a greater output of nitrogen in the urine of mixed pasture fed and in more milk in the associate pasture fed. In situ nitrogen balance in the pasture was conducted, using a simulation model, which used the values determined in this trial and showed that the N balance was positive for the associated pasture in front of the mixed pasture, which indicates less need for external nitrogen in the pasture associated. Associated pasture grass legume most improved the efficiency of nitrogen use in cattle for milk and presented a positive balance in the pasture. </p>
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Saul, Geoffrey, Gavin Kearney, and Dion Borg. "Pasture systems to improve productivity of sheep in south-western Victoria. 1. Growth, composition, nutritive value and persistence of resown pastures." Animal Production Science 49, no. 8 (2009): 654. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea06142.

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Two pasture systems were compared at five on-farm sites across south-western Victoria between 1990 and 1996. The ‘typical’ pasture treatment mimicked the pasture and grazing management common in the region, with volunteer annual-based pastures fertilised with around 5 kg/ha phosphorus (P) each year. The ‘upgraded’ pasture treatments were resown to phalaris, perennial ryegrass and subterranean clover, and higher rates of fertiliser (13–25 kg P/ha.year) plus other nutrients were applied. Both pastures were set stocked with the participating farmers breeding ewes. Stocking rate was an emergent variable on each plot. The stocking rate on the typical treatments was based on normal farm practise. Initially, the stocking rate of the upgraded pastures was 15% higher than for the typical pastures and increased over time depending if the ewes in the upgraded pastures were heavier than those in the typical pastures. Measurements included soil fertility, pasture production, nutritive value and composition, and animal production. Net annual pasture production of the upgraded pastures was 10 500 kg/ha compared with 8700 kg/ha for the typical pastures. This average difference (18%) between the treatments was greatly influenced by the large advantage (40%) of the upgraded pasture in the wet year of 1992. Upgraded pastures had higher pasture production than typical pastures in spring but the reverse occurred in autumn. In a separate small plot experiment, the response of each pasture to higher P fertiliser applications was tested. In autumn and winter, there was a significant interaction between pasture type and P rate, with higher responses on the upgraded pastures. In spring, both pastures responded to increased P applications but the upgraded pastures were more responsive at all P rates. The upgraded pastures contained significantly higher legume content (30–50%) than the typical pastures (10–20%). The proportion of sown perennial grasses in the upgraded pasture declined from around 30 to 10% after 6 years displaced by annual grasses and broad-leaf weeds. Herbage from upgraded pastures had significantly higher crude protein content (2–7 units) and digestibility (1–10 units) than the typical pastures with the difference between the treatments increasing over time. The set stocking policy used in this experiment is likely to have exacerbated the decline in sown perennial grasses and implementation of some form of strategic or rotational grazing may have improved persistence. The experiment also highlights the importance of selecting perennial grasses able to cope with the local environment and grazing conditions. Despite the decline in perennials, these results show significant potential to improve pasture productivity and quality in south-western Victoria.
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Macdonald, K. A., C. Matthew, C. B. Glassey, and N. Mclean. "Dairy farm systems to aid persistence." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 15 (January 1, 2011): 199–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.15.2011.3199.

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This manuscript reviews fundamental pasture management principles relevant to pasture persistence. We first note some points of context, within which the debate on pasture persistence is occurring: the release of new pasture cultivars, the debate about climate change, and the effects of newly introduced weeds and pests. We then examine trends in farm practice. The critical management period (of most concern to farmers) has shifted from winter/autumn to summer. It is essential that farmers have and use sets of decision rules to govern when and how hard to graze, when to supplement and when to remove cows from pasture to allow pastures to be grazed appropriately to aid pasture persistence. Adaptations available to improve pasture persistence include: the use of nitrogen fertiliser to increase feed supply going into the summer, the use of crops or other feed supplements, stocking rate and on-off grazing to ensure the pastures are appropriately grazed in the summer. New pastures must be treated with care in their first year of life to ensure survival. The response of farmers to these variables to aid persistence of pastures is discussed. Keywords: climate, insect pests, pasture growth model, pasture renewal, weeds
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Banks, Robert, Laura Wendling, Kaye Basford, Anthony Ringrose-Voase, and Vera Banks. "Beneficial soil profile differences associated with tropical grass pastures on sodic texture contrast soils in Northern New South Wales." Soil Research 58, no. 2 (2020): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr19140.

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Volunteer native pastures on widespread sodic texture contrast soils in northern New South Wales slopes and plains are known for their limited agricultural production. Fertilised tropical grass pastures on these soils are reported to have much increased pasture production, deeper, more abundant root mass and greater soil profile moisture storage. The subsoil physical differences between native and tropical grass pastures are not well understood. This observational study compared root abundance, soil structure and soil physical parameters (dispersion, bulk density, porosity and pore distribution) in sodic texture contrast soils under native and adjacent, well established and fertilised tropical pastures in a 14-year chronosequence. The physical differences observed may have contributed to improved soil water storage reported by other authors. Fourteen years after establishment, mean root abundance was significantly lower in soils under native pasture and greater in the tropical grass pasture system with 4600 and 8400 m of roots m–3 respectively. Dispersion values were high in native pastures but soils under tropical pastures had to be physically worked to cause dispersion. Bulk density under native pasture was significantly higher than in tropical grass pastures by 0.08 g cm–3 at 0–10 cm and by 0.2 g cm–3 in the upper B horizons. Total soil porosity of topsoils and upper B horizons was consequently lower in native than in tropical grass pasture. Tropical grass pasture upper B horizons had a three-fold greater macroporosity (pores &gt; 30 µm), than under native pastures. This is equivalent to significantly greater potential water flow through stable macropores in dense sodic B horizons in tropical pastures. These findings indicate that pasture system selection and management positively affects deep soil structural properties which promote pasture productivity. The study contributes to a better understanding of mechanisms of published deeper water storage in tropical grass pasture systems on these normally low production soils.
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Magomedov, Abdurakhman M., and Kasum A. Abdulaev. "ECOLOGICAL APPROACHES OF AGRO-RECREATIONAL LAND USE." South of Russia: ecology, development 13, no. 2 (July 1, 2018): 156–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18470/1992-1098-2018-2-156-164.

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The article discusses the land-use problem of mountain and semi-desert landscapes of Dagestan caused by the need to improve the ecologization of traditional pastures as well as perspective tourism and recreational land use. Aim. A comprehensive geographic study of land use in the republic is crucial for the formation of ecologically sustainable distillation and nomad livestock and tourist-recreational land use on the natural, zonal and high-belt mountain-semi-desert landscapes that are not fully developed and are not suitable for farming. Discussion. Ecological and economic effects are revealed due to the combined use of semi-desert-mountain pastures and tourist-recreational areas represented by the population carryng capacity, the ecologization of pasture land use and a significant increase in the total livestock production. Improved combined interzonal use of lands with different natural rhythms of vegetation development contributes, first of all, to maintaining the equilibrium and integrity of the regional ecological system; secondly, to the ecological orientation of pasture-livestock and tourist-recreational land use; and thirdly, to the restoration and the functioning of the quality of natural semi-desert and mountain pasture lands. Conclusion. Ecological and landscape improvement within mountain pasture land use is proposed on the basis of the ecological and economic efficiency of the annual cycle of high-altitude sheep keeping with the regular change of pasture lands of different productivity levels by different sex and age groups of pastured livestock.
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Karsten, H. D., P. H. Patterson, R. Stout, and G. Crews. "Vitamins A, E and fatty acid composition of the eggs of caged hens and pastured hens." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 25, no. 1 (January 12, 2010): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170509990214.

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AbstractIn the US farmers often market pastured poultry eggs for a premium price, claiming animal and human health benefits. We examined how moving pastured hens to forage legumes or mixed grasses influenced hen (Gallus gallusL.) egg omega-3 fatty acids and concentrations of vitamins A and E. We also compared the eggs of the pastured hens to those of hens fed a commercial diet in cages. We used a cross-over design to compare pasture species: 75 sister hens were assigned to one of three pasture treatment groups: (1) alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.), (2) red and white clover (Trifolium pretenseL. andTrifolium repensL.) or (3) mixed cool season grasses. Groups were rotated to all three pasture treatments, each for 2 weeks and supplemented with 70 g commercial hen mash bird−1day−1. Pasture botanical composition, forage mass, leaf to total ratio and plant fatty acid composition were compared among pasture treatments. Eggs of the pastured hens were compared to eggs of 50 sister hens that were fed only commercial hen mash in cages for the entire 6 weeks. Forage parameters varied somewhat, but did not explain plant linolenic acid variation. Seventeen of the 18 quantified egg fatty acids, and vitamin A concentrations did not (P<0.05) differ among the three pasture treatment groups. Eggs of the hens that foraged grasses had 23% more (P<0.0001) vitamin E than eggs of hens that foraged clover. Compared to eggs of the caged hens, pastured hens' eggs had twice as much vitamin E and long-chain omega-3 fats, 2.5-fold more total omega-3 fatty acids, and less than half the ratio of omega-6:omega-3 fatty acids (P<0.0001). Vitamin A concentration was 38% higher (P<0.05) in the pastured hens' eggs than in the caged hens' eggs, but total vitamin A per egg did not differ. At the end of the experiment, pastured hens weighed 14% less and averaged 15% lower hen-day egg production than caged birds (P<0.0001). Results suggest that grass pastures may enhance vitamin E in eggs of pastured hens more than clover, and pastured hens supplemented with commercial mash will produce eggs with significantly more vitamin E and total omega-3 fatty acids compared to eggs from caged hens fed only commercial hen mash. Pastured hens may have lower body weight and egg production than caged hens, unless they are supplemented adequately to meet their dietary energy and crude protein needs.
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Robertson, S. M. "Mass to height relationships in annual pastures and prediction of sheep growth rates." Animal Production Science 54, no. 9 (2014): 1305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an14072.

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The relationship between pasture height and mass influences the availability of pasture for grazing, and is important for predicting intake of pasture and liveweight change by sheep. The relationship between pasture mass and structure and sheep production is poorly defined for low-mass, clumpy pastures in low-rainfall regions. Between 2001 and 2004, 480 quadrats of pastures were measured in 23 paddocks throughout the Victorian Mallee. Pasture height was related to live mass for medic (linear; r2 = 0.70; P < 0.001) and grassy medic (asymptotic; r2 = 0.64; P < 0.001) pastures, and prediction of grassy medic pasture height was improved by inclusion of proportion live groundcover. During 2004, pasture dry matter accumulation and liveweight changes in sheep grazing annual pastures were measured and compared with predicted outputs from GrazFeed, a software model used to estimate feed intake and liveweight change in sheep. Improved predictions of liveweight gain in grazing sheep were obtained using measured height rather than the GrazFeed default height. The results show that the height to mass relationship of annual pastures in the Victorian Mallee differs between pasture types, between years, and may differ from other published relationships. This study provides information that may assist in the development of models of grazing systems.
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Lobato, José Fernando Piva, André Luís Menegaz, and Antonio Carlos Gonçalves Pereira. "Pre- and post-calving forage systems and reproductive performance of primiparous cows." Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 39, no. 9 (September 2010): 2081–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35982010000900029.

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During pre and post calving periods, it was evaluated the influence of the following forage systems on reproductive performance of primiparous cows: natural pasture during pre and post-calving periods; natural pastures during pre-calving period and improved pastures during post-calving period; improved pastures during pre-calving and natural pasture during post-calving; improved pasture during pre- and post-calving periods. The lowest body weights and body condition scores were observed on cows kept on natural pastures pre-calving (384.3 kg and 3.31; 391.4 kg and 3.60), followed by those on improved pastures during pre-calving and on natural pasture during post-calving period (424.4 kg and 3.60), finally, cows on improved pasture during pre- and post-calving period (421.2 kg and 3.59). Cows on improved pastures pre and post-calving showed higher body weight and body condition score in the beginning of the breeding season (442.1 kg and 3.76), higher pregnancy rate (82.3%) and they conceived earlier. Natural system during pre-calving and improved on post-calving and that with improved pasture in pre-calving and natural in post-calving did not differ on weight at the beginning of breeding season (417.2 and 409.8 kg) and on pregnancy rate (65.8 and 62.8%), respectively. However, cows on natural pasture in pre-calving and on improved pasture in post-calving conceived earlier. Cows on natural pastures showed lower weight in the beginning of breeding season (391.2 kg), the lowest pregnancy rate (52.7%), and they conceived later. Cows maintained on improved pastures pre- and post-calving improved weight and body condition score at calving and beginning of the breeding season making high reproductive performance possible.
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Li, G. D., K. R. Helyar, C. M. Evans, M. C. Wilson, L. J. C. Castleman, R. P. Fisher, B. R. Cullis, and M. K. Conyers. "Effects of lime on the botanical composition of pasture over nine years in a field experiment on the south-western slopes of New South Wales." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 43, no. 1 (2003): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea01194.

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Two permanent pastures (annual pasture v. perennial pasture) were established in 1992 as part of the long-term field experiment, MASTER — Managing Acid Soils Through Efficient Rotations. The primary objective of the experiment was to develop an agricultural system that is economically viable and environmentally sustainable on the highly acidic soils in south-eastern Australia. This paper reports on the effects of lime on the botanical composition changes of annual and perennial pastures over 9 years. In general, lime increased the proportion of the desirable species, such as phalaris (Phalaris aquatica) in perennial pasture and subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) in annual pastures, and decreased the proportion of the undesirable species, such as Vulpia spp., in both annual and perennial pastures, ultimately improving the quality of feed-on-offer to animals. As a result, the limed pastures carried 24% more sheep than the unlimed pastures, while maintaining individual animal performance similar for both limed and unlimed pastures. The phalaris-based perennial pasture was more stable in terms of maintaining the sown species than the annual pasture. Lime improved the persistence of phalaris and the longevity of the phalaris-based pasture should be at least 10 years. Lime changed the direction of plant succession of annual pastures. Without lime, Vulpia spp. gradually became more dominant while ryegrass and subterranean clover became less dominant in annual pastures. With lime, barley grass (Hordeum leporinum) gradually invaded the sward at the expense of ryegrass, thus reducing the benefits of lime, but this effect was less for the perennial pastures than for annual pastures. Liming perennial pastures should be more beneficial than liming annual pastures because of the beneficial effects on pasture composition. In addition, previously published work reported that liming perennial pastures improved sustainability through better use of water and nitrogen.
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MacLeod, WJ, GC MacNish, and CW Thorn. "Manipulation of ley pastures with herbicides to control take-all." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 44, no. 6 (1993): 1235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9931235.

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The effect of grass-selective and broad-spectrum herbicides in pasture:wheat rotation experiments were studied from 1981 to 1986 at Esperance, W.A. The quantity of pasture and the proportion of grass present in the pasture phases were determined. Pastures were grazed by sheep. Incidence and severity of take-all and grain yield were measured in the wheat phases. The rotations studied were either a 2 year pasture: 1 year crop or 1 year pasture: 1 year crop. Herbicide treatments greatly decreased the grass content of pastures in the year of application, and this effect carried over to the second year in the 2 year pasture: 1 year crop rotation. Herbicide reduced total pasture yield in the year of application, but not in the year following. Herbicide treatment of pastures decreased the incidence and severity of take-all in the following wheat crop. Crop yields were increased following treated pastures and to a greater extent than could be exdained bv decreased take-all alone. Incidence of take-all depended primarily upon the quantity of grass in the previous pasture (5.4% incidence of take-all per 100 kg ha-1 grass dry matter in the previous pasture). Incidence of take-all was also related to the incidence of take-all in previous wheat crops and the quantity of grass in the pasture in the preceding two years.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pasture"

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Parish, Roberta. "The role of disturbance in permanent pastures." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27505.

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This thesis investigates how small disturbances influence community structure in three permanent pastures. Small disturbances play an important role in providing spatial heterogeneity that permits new recruits to enter populations in closed sward communities, thereby promoting diversity and species co-existence. The thesis has four components: the first two are based on observation and measurement of the occurrence of small disturbances, molehills and dung pats, in three pastures. Within pasture seasonal changes in disturbance regime were related to changes in patterns of species abundance by multidimensional contingency table analysis. Dactylis glomerata, Agropyron repens and Taraxacum officinale increased in highly disturbed plots, whereas Holcus lanatus and Trifolium repens decreased. Invasion of molehills and dung pats was usually by rhizomes or stolons from surrounding plants. Seedling recruitment was rare: Trifolium repens was the only species dependent on small gaps for sexual regeneration. Patterns of species replacement on and around the disturbances were non-random. The third part of the thesis investigated the effects of selective removal of Lolium perenne, Holcus lanatus and Trifolium repens from the oldest and youngest pastures. Strong responses to the removal of these species were found only in grasses in the youngest pasture. This is consistent with the hypothesis that competition decreases over time because of niche divergence, but may also reflect biological accommodation to grazing pressure. The fourth part of the thesis investigated changes in species composition in simulated swards in response to different regimes of mowing, fertilizer and small gap creation. Species composition was strongly influenced by mowing and fertilization but was unresponsive to small gap creation.
Science, Faculty of
Botany, Department of
Graduate
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Murzabekov, Marat. "Political Pasture : A Governmentality Analysis of Community-Based Pasture Management in Kyrgyzstan." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-320303.

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This thesis seeks to understand the development and implementation of the community-based pasture management policy in Kyrgyzstan, which transferred the responsibility for pasture-use planning from state administrative organs to local community-based organizations. Using document analysis, this thesis contextualizes the emergence and evolution of the policy’s key premises, including the advantages of community-based management compared to state-centered management. Using interviews and observations, this thesis draws out individual experiences of herders, forestry service officials and the members of pasture committees with the implementation of the policy in the Kadamzhai district of Kyrgyzstan. Findings suggest that historical continuities in pasture governance play an important role in the functioning of such policies. On the national level, the reliance of the state on the Soviet administrative and territorial division has reinforced pasture-use fragmentation, where different institutional actors struggle for authority over pastures. These struggles can be observed on the local level, where the implementation of policy is often challenged by forestry officials believing in the advantages of the Soviet fortress conservation, rather than community-based management. Second, the local outcomes of policy depend on the compliant or resistant subject positions of individuals involved in pasture use. Policy implementation succeeded in the recruitment of compliant pasture committee chairmen, who claim to be interested in bringing good to the communities through steering the use of pastures. However, the procedures for the establishment of committees contributed to their top-down functioning, where herders often consider the committees as a state agency and find different strategies to avoid their imposed payments.
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Williamson, Jessica A. "Animal and Pasture Responses to Grazing Management of Chemically Suppressed Tall Fescue in Mixed Pastures." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/pss_etds/57.

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Treatment of endophyte-infected tall fescue [Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbysh] with the broad leaf herbicide Chaparral® can mitigate fescue toxicosis and enhance forage quality by suppressing seedhead emergence. Applying the herbicide to fescue pastures also reduces forage mass and promotes severe spot grazing when pastures are continuously grazed. A grazing experiment was conducted with steers (2013) and heifers (2014) to evaluate animal and plant responses in fescue-bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) mixtures treated with Chaparral to determine the effects of grazing management on pasture carrying capacity, nutritive values, botanical composition, and animal performance. Continuous and rotational (i.e., four subdivisions to provide a 7-d grazing period and a 21-d rest period) grazing treatments were assigned to six, 3.0-ha fescue-bluegrass pastures in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Each pasture had six tester animals, and stocking rates were varied using put-and-take animals. Pastures were grazed from 16 April to 8 July 2013 (Year 1) and 20 May to 12 Aug (Year 2) and cattle were blocked by body weight for allotment to pastures. Pasture carrying capacities were greater (P = 0.07) for rotational compared to continuous pastures across both years. Calves on rotationally grazed pastures had greater average daily gain (P = 0.03) and gain per acre (P = 0.05) than those on the continuous treatment across both years. Canopies of continuously grazed pastures contained less (P = 0.01) tall fescue than those in rotationally grazed pastures. Herbage in pre-grazed paddocks had less NDF and ADF than post-grazed paddocks and continuously grazed pastures in 2013 (P < 0.10), but did not differ in 2014 (P > 0.10). In vitro digestible dry matter was greater (P = 0.07) in pre-graze rotational pastures in 2013 compared with continuous and post-graze rotational, and IVDDM did not differ (P < 0.01) between pre-graze rotational and continuous in 2014, but was greater than post-graze rotational. Crude protein was lower (P = 0.06) in both years in post-graze rotational pasture than in continuous or pre-graze rotational pasture, which did not differ. In 2013, there was no difference (P = 0.60) in root WSC among treatments; however, in 2014, WSC levels were greater (P = 0.01) in rotationally grazed pastures compared with continuously grazed pastures. This grazing experiment indicated that rotational grazing of Chaparral treated fescue-bluegrass mixtures can improve both animal performance and the sustainability of pasture productivity.
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Latta, Roy A. "Improving medic pastures in pasture-wheat rotations in the Mallee district of North-Western Victoria /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1994. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09A/09al364.pdf.

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Seguin, Philippe. "Pasture renovation, introduction of legumes in a grass-dominated pasture with physical suppression of the resident vegetation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0019/MQ37165.pdf.

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Séguin, Philippe 1974. "Pasture renovation : introduction of legumes in a grass dominated pasture with physical suppression of the resident vegetation." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27907.

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Herbicide sod suppression during pasture renovation by legume sod-seeding often results in the loss of potentially usable forage, weed encroachment, and inadequate glass-legume ratios. A study was conducted to investigate the viability of sod suppression by sheep grazing or mowing, as alternatives to herbicide, during pasture renovation with no-till seeding of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) or white clover (Trifolium pratense L.). Sod suppression methods evaluated were: strategically timed mowing or sheep grazing to 5 or 10 cm at seeding and during legume establishment, or similarly managed mowing or sheep grazing with an additional defoliation to 5 cm the previous fall. Additional treatments included suppression by herbicide and, unsuppressed and unseeded controls. Treatments were evaluated by determining clover plant population, botanical composition, forage yield and quality. Physical (mowing or grazing) and herbicide sod suppression resulted in similar clover plant populations; clover yields tended to be higher with herbicide suppression. However, increasing the intensity of physical suppression increased clover yields. Forage quality was increased only with sod suppression by grazing or herbicide when compared with the unimproved control. Although, for grazing this was attributed to a more frequent defoliation regime and not to the renovation itself. Unlike suppression with herbicide, physical suppression did not decrease total seasonal forage yields in the renovation year when compared with controls.
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Thulin, Susanne Maria, and smthulin@telia com. "Hyperspectral Remote Sensing of Temperate Pasture Quality." RMIT University. Mathematical and Geospatial Sciences, 2009. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20090507.163006.

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This thesis describes the research undertaken for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, testing the hypothesis that spectrometer data can be used to establish usable relationships for prediction of pasture quality attributes. The research data consisted of reflectance measurements of various temperate pasture types recorded at four different times (years 2000 to 2002), recorded by three hyperspectral sensors, the in situ ASD, the airborne HyMap and the satellite-borne Hyperion. Corresponding ground-based pasture samples were analysed for content of chlorophyll, water, crude protein, digestibility, lignin and cellulose at three study sites in rural Victoria, Australia. This context was used to evaluate effects of sensor differences, data processing and enhancement, analytical methods and sample variability on the predictive capacity of derived prediction models. Although hyperspectral data analysis is being applied in many areas very few studies on temperate pastures have been conducted and hardly any encompass the variability and heterogeneity of these southern Australian examples. The research into the relationship between the spectrometer data and pasture quality attribute assays was designed using knowledge gained from assessment of other hyperspectral remote sensing and near-infrared spectroscopy research, including bio-chemical and physical properties of pastures, as well as practical issues of the grazing industries and carbon cycling/modelling. Processing and enhancement of the spectral data followed methods used by other hyperspectral researchers with modifications deemed essential to produce better relationships with pasture assay data. As many different methods are in use for the analysis of hyperspectral data several alternative approaches were investigated and evaluated to determine reliability, robustness and suitability for retrieval of temperate pasture quality attributes. The analyses employed included stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR) and partial least squares regression (PLSR). The research showed that the spectral research data had a higher potential to be used for prediction of crude protein and digestibility than for the plant fibres lignin and cellulose. Spectral transformation such as continuum removal and derivatives enhanced the results. By using a modified approach based on sample subsets identified by a matrix of subjective bio-physical and ancillary data parameters, the performance of the models were enhanced. Prediction models from PLSR developed on ASD in situ spectral data, HyMap airborne imagery and Hyperion and corresponding pasture assays showed potential for predicting the two important pasture quality attributes crude protein and digestibility in hyperspectral imagery at a few quantised levels corresponding to levels currently used in commercial feed testing. It was concluded that imaging spectrometry has potential to offer synoptic, simultaneous and spatially continuous information valuable to feed based enterprises in temperate Victoria. The thesis provide a significant contribution to the field of hyperspectral remote sensing and good guidance for future hyperspectral researchers embarking on similar tasks. As the research is based on temperate pastures in Victoria, Australia, which are dominated by northern hemisphere species, the findings should be applicable to analysis of temperate pastures elsewhere, for example in Western Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, North America, Europe and northern Asia (China).
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Bassler, Arnd W. "Organic broilers in floorless pens on pasture /." Uppsala : Dept. of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2005. http://epsilon.slu.se/200567.pdf.

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Flynn, Ernest Scott. "USING NDVI AS A PASTURE MANAGEMENT TOOL." UKnowledge, 2006. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/412.

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Maintaining forage availability is challenging for managers of grazing systems, especially in spatially heterogeneous swards. Remote sensing may help to overcome this problem. The objectives of this study were to (i) determine a method by which NDVI may be calibrated to estimate biomass, (ii) determine if NDVI can be used to assess spatial variability of yield in extensive grasslands, and (iii) to determine if NDVI can be used to evaluate grazing systems. We found that the calibration of NDVI values for the estimation of biomass was better correlated with the destructive harvesting procedure (R2 = 0.68) but far more laborious and time-consuming than estimation of biomass from the rising plate meter (R2 = 0.54). Semivariograms revealed that sampling at a 0.76 m distance provided information about the spatial variability structure of NDVI values from grazed swards. Frequency distributions of sward biomass derived from NDVI reflected foraging strategies of cattle. Negative skewness and high kurtosis of histograms indicated selective grazing, while positive skewness and low kurtosis indicated the opposite. Histograms also allowed for estimation of available forage within each field. We concluded that grassland biomass may be derived from high resolution NDVI and RPM data and used to evaluate condition of grassland landscapes and aid decision-making of managed grazing systems.
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Baines, R. N. "Interactions between white clover and pasture grasses." Thesis, University of Reading, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383598.

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Books on the topic "Pasture"

1

Pasture. Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street Press, 2006.

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Inam-ur-Rahim. Pasture management plan, Gabral valley: Ghwaibela pastures. [Swat]: Mountain Areas Conservancy Project, 2004.

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Estudi tipològic, ecològic i funcional de les pastures de la plana de Vic. Barcelona: Institut d'Estudis Catalans, Secció de Ciències Biològiques, 2008.

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Castell, Xavier Font i. Estructura, tipologia i ecologia de les pastures montanes de la Cerdanya. Barcelona: Institut d'Estudis Catalans, 1989.

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Arcarons, M. Carme Casas i. Estudi tipològic, ecològic i funcional de les pastures de la plana de Vic. Barcelona: Institut d'Estudis Catalans, Secció de Ciències Biològiques, 2008.

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Jina, Prem Singh. High pasturelands of Ladakh Himalaya. New Delhi: Indus Pub. Co., 1995.

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Rippstein, G. Etude sur la végétation de l'Adamaoua: Évolution, conservation, régénération et amélioration d'un écosystème pâture au Cameroun. Yaoundé: République unie du Cameroun, Ministère de l'enseignement supérieur et de la recherche scientifique, Institut de recherches zootechniques, 1986.

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M. Carme Casas i Arcarons. Estudi tipològic, ecològic i funcional de les pastures de la plana de Vic. Barcelona: Institut d'Estudis Catalans, Secció de Ciències Biològiques, 2008.

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Kate, Hall, and Scottish Natural Heritage (Agency), eds. Wood pasture. Redgarten: Scottish Natural Heritage, 2004.

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Robinson, Susan. Pasture production. [Toronto?]: Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Pasture"

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Dryden, Gordon McL. "Grazing management." In Fundamentals of applied animal nutrition, 184–204. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781786394453.0015.

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Abstract This chapter focuses on grazing management. Topics discussed include: (i) C3 and C4 grasses; (ii) the nutritive value of pastures; (iii) grazing systems; (iv) pasture yield, growth and quality assessment; (v) pasture utilization rate; (vi) calculation of carrying capacities and stocking rates; (vii) pasture budgeting; and (viii) feed-year plans.
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Auad, Alexander Machado, and Sandra Elisa Barbosa da Silva. "Pasture." In Natural Enemies of Insect Pests in Neotropical Agroecosystems, 369–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24733-1_30.

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New, Tim R. "Pasture Pests." In Insect Conservation and Australia’s Grasslands, 153–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22780-7_8.

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Martin-Rosset, William, Geraldine Fleurance, René Baumont, Jacques Cabaret, Pascal Carrere, Nadege Edouard, Bertrand Dumont, et al. "Chapter 10. Pasture." In Equine nutrition, 347–84. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-855-1_10.

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Hiwale, Shrikant. "Pasture Species-Cenchrus." In Sustainable Horticulture in Semiarid Dry Lands, 317–19. New Delhi: Springer India, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2244-6_25.

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Hiwale, Shrikant. "Pasture Species-Stylosanthes." In Sustainable Horticulture in Semiarid Dry Lands, 321–23. New Delhi: Springer India, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2244-6_26.

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Brücher, Heinz. "Tropical Pasture Plants." In Useful Plants of Neotropical Origin, 206–14. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73313-0_10.

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Seiferth, Benjamin. "Added value of pasture grazing by automated pasture care." In Fortschritte Naturstofftechnik, 15–16. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-61655-0_3.

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Hell, Bodo. "City, Alpine Pasture, Art." In Conceptions of the Desirable, 38–40. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-71260-3_7.

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Peco, B. "Modelling Mediterranean pasture dynamics." In Progress in theoretical vegetation science, 269–76. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1934-1_24.

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Conference papers on the topic "Pasture"

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Шамсутдинова, Эльмира, Elmira Shamsutdinova, Нариман Шамсутдинов, Nariman Shamsutdinov, Юрий Каминов, Yuri Kaminov, Зебри Шамсутдинов, and Zebri Shamsutdinov. "SPECIES COMPOSITION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF IMPROVED PHYTOCENOSES WITH MINIMAL DISTURBANCES OF THE NATURAL VEGETATION." In Multifunctional adaptive feed production. ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2019-21-69-70-80.

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The results of species composition studies and fodder productivity of natural desert pastures with their phytomelioration improvement are presented. It is established that phytomelioration improvement of desert pastures on the basis of partial (belt) processing of pasture lands leads to an increase in the number of ephemeral-ephemeroid vegetation, the formation of a denser grass stand and an increase in the fodder productivity of phytomelioration pasture lands.
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Mashtykov, Kirill, and Elvira Dedova. "GEOECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF PASTURE PHYTOCENOSES IN THE DESERT ZONE OF THE REPUBLIC OF KALMYKIA." In Land Degradation and Desertification: Problems of Sustainable Land Management and Adaptation. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1676.978-5-317-06490-7/62-65.

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Based on long-term monitoring, the geoecological assessment of pasture phytocenoses in the desert zone of the Republic of Kalmykia under the influence of anthropogenic and climatic factors is given. It is established that excessive pasture load leads to degradation processes of vegetation and soil cover: a wide spread of explerents ( Eragrostis minor, Amaranthus albus ), depletion of the floral composition by 2 times, a decrease in productivity and feed value of pastures, an increase in the area of flown Sands.
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Privalova, Kira, and Ruslan Karimov. "EFFECTS OF ORGANIC FERTILIZERS FOR PASTURE YIELD." In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production 26 (74). ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2021-26-74-30-34.

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The results of a field experiment on the effect of systematic surface application of organic fertilizers on the yield of long-term pastures of herbage are presented. With the introduction of manure in doses of 10 and 20 t/ha (once every 4 years), the yield of the pasture was 3.31 and 3.76 t/ha on average over 45 years, which is 51 and 72% higher compared to unfertilized grass stand.
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Cocirta, Petru. "Impactul asupra pășunilor în raionul Telenești din Republica Moldova: probleme și soluții." In Starea actuală a componentelor de mediu. Institute of Ecology and Geography, Republic of Moldova, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.53380/9789975315593.31.

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This article describes the main features of the pastures in Telenești district of the Republic of Moldova. The main data are presented: the evolution of pasture lands between 2005-2017; the levels of the impact of domestic animals on pastures, depending on their categories; some management features and general conclusions.
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Bento, Lucas R., Patrícia P. A. Oliveira, José R. M. Pezzopane, Alberto C. de C. Bernardi, Aida Magalhães, Débora M. B. P. Milori, and Ladislau Martin-Neto. "Laser photonic techniques applied to soil analysis for achieving low carbon agriculture." In Latin America Optics and Photonics Conference. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/laop.2022.w3b.3.

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Agriculture can stock carbon on soil increasing the organic matter content, and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. LIBS and LIFS were used to evaluate different pasture systems, which showed that well-managed pastures can increase soil carbon stock.
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Barnhart, Stephen K. "Boosting Pasture Production." In Proceedings of the 16th Annual Integrated Crop Management Conference. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/icm-180809-875.

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"Preliminary results of parameterisation of DairyMod pasture model for tropical pasture; Brachiaria." In 24th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2021.b1.jayasinghe.

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Genov, Stefan. "SUSTAINABLE USE OF PASTURES IN BEEF CATTLE." In SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENT - CURRENT PRACTICES AND SOLUTIONS 2019. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/slm2019.173.

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Pastures are a major low cost source of feed in beef cattle. Their sustainable use and management affect to the economic performance of farms and to their conservation as a natural resource. Pastures are the subject of agronomic, zoos engineering and economic research, which report negative trends in their territorial scope, composition and productivity as a whole. In beef cattle breeding, the long-term goal is to use high-productivity pastures, which will increase the yield of meat from them, because poor pastures require feeding the cattle with other feed, which reduces profitability. The purpose of this paper is to offer a sustainable pasture management model incorporating agro-technical and organizational activities in beef cattle farms that can increase their economic effectiveness.
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Fedorova, Natalya, and D. Arilov. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VEGETATION CHANGES OF RANGELANDS IN ANTHROPOGENIC LOAD FOR EXAMPLE TSELINNY REGION'S NAYNTAKHINSKOE RURAL MUNICIPALITY OF KALMYKIA." In Land Degradation and Desertification: Problems of Sustainable Land Management and Adaptation. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1683.978-5-317-06490-7/91-95.

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In article the comparative analysis of geobotanical surveys for 1987 and the years 2012-2019 on-site rangeland Tselinny region's Nayntakhinskoe SMO Republic of Kalmykia. It was found that over a 32-year period of time in all 8 key areas there were changes in the direction of deterioration in the following indicators: stages of pasture digression, phytomass, change of dominant species, projective cover of plant communities, indicating the deterioration and irrational use of pastures at the present time.
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Valchev, Evgeni, Jordan Todorov, Ivan Stoyanov, Vladimir Monov, Borislav Dimitrov, and Lyubka Doukovska. "Infrastructure Model of Intelligent Pasture." In 2021 International Conference Automatics and Informatics (ICAI). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icai52893.2021.9639655.

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Reports on the topic "Pasture"

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Braden, I. S., Kenneth J. Moore, R. L. Hintz, M. H. Wiedenhoeft, E. Charles Brummer, and M. Peter Hoffman. Pasture Enhancement of Warm-season Grass Pastures Using a Complex Mixture of Legumes. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-81.

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Russell, James R., John Kovar, Daniel G. Morrical, Daryl R. Strohbehn, Wendy J. Powers, and John D. Lawrence. Effects of Grazing Management on Pasture Characteristics Affecting Sediment and Phosphorus Pollution of Pasture Streams (Progress Report). Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-687.

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Kilmer, Lee H., and N. Jay Beck. Dairy Heifer Growth and Performance on Grass Pasture. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1221.

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Braden, I. S., Kenneth J. Moore, M. Peter Hoffman, and James Gertsma. Warm-Season Grass Pasture Improvements with Legume Mixtures. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-642.

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Ivanov, R. The study of optimal load animals on pasture. Ljournal, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/ippologiavet-2020-4-4954rus.

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Franzluebbers, Alan J. Pasture Management Strategies for Sequestering Soil Carbon - Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/877389.

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Ivanov, R. The behavior of the Yakut horses in the pasture. Ljournal, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/ippologiavet-2020-3-4954rus.

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Haywood, James D. Controlling Herbaceous Competition in Pasture Planted with Loblolly Pine Seedlings. New Orleans, LA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/so-rn-381.

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DeJong, Joel L., and Wayne B. Roush. Soybean Yield Response to Rhizobium Inoculation on Converted Grass Pasture. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2661.

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Sokol, J., T. J. Pultz, A. Deschamps, and D. Jobin. Polarimetric C-Band Observations of Soil Moisture for Pasture Fields. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/219881.

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