To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Pastoral systems.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pastoral systems'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Pastoral systems.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Creswell, Amy. "Biblical analyses of various psychological systems." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2000. http://www.tren.com.
Full text
2
Koning, Ruben de. "People in motion "an entitlements approach to Karimojong agro-pasturalism" /." Nijmegen, The Netherlands : CIDIN, 2003. http://www.ru.nl/contents/pages/30264/op113.pdf.
Full text
3
Wilson, Thomas McDonald. "Vulnerability of Pastoral Farming Systems to Volcanic Ashfall Hazards." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geological Sciences, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5978.
Full textAbstract:
Volcanic eruptions are powerful, spectacular, uncontrollable geophysical events which require management to mitigate loss of life and property. An essential part of volcanic risk management is to quantify the vulnerability of exposed elements of society to volcanic hazard. Agriculture takes advantage of the fertile soils of volcanic regions, but is vulnerable to damage and disruption from volcanic hazards, in particular ashfall.
This thesis investigates the vulnerability of pastoral agriculture to volcanic ashfall by examining impacts on the resource base of pastoral farming (water supply, pasture and soil, and livestock) and explores mitigation and recovery strategies for ashfall hazards at varying levels. It provides a quantitative understanding of pastoral farming vulnerability to ashfall hazards, as part of probabilistic risk assessment.
Surface farm water supplies are found to be more vulnerable to ashfall, through contamination and sedimentation, than groundwater supplies. After heavy ashfall, the physical impacts of ashfall overwhelm the more subtle chemical impacts on water supply systems, but even relatively thin ashfalls may cause potential toxic changes to water quality. Farm-scale assessment of water supplies was used to identify key areas of vulnerability to ash hazards. Modelling a large-scale evacuation of livestock following widespread, heavy ashfall found the logistical, time and cost requirements high and may make this action unrealistic. Perhaps most critically, it is doubtful that farms in surrounding regions have the capacity to accommodate the numbers of animals likely to be affected. Tunnel-house and field trials have shown pastures are relatively resilient to ashfalls of 10 mm, but this resilience rapidly reduces with increasing ashfall thickness and at .100 mm there is effectively no pasture recovery. Ashfall grain size, frequency, soluble salt volume, and different meteorological conditions also have a significant impact on pastures and soils. Pasture reestablishment will benefit from tillage of ash covered soils to mix ash and topsoil and break up the surface crust which may form on ash deposits. Targeted fertiliser treatments may also be required to buffer acidic soluble salts and remedy deficiencies of essential nutrients. Reworking of ash deposits was found to be highly disruptive to pasture re-establishment and in extreme cases may prolong and intensify the impacts following an ashfall.
The majority of farmers impacted by ashfall will continue farming, albeit with varying levels of disruption. However real or perceived impacts to human health may result in farm evacuation in the short-term. Where ashfall thicknesses are too thick for a return to profitable farming, migration from impacted farms and agriculture-related industries will result in significant demographic changes to rural communities and potential social impacts. Stressed farming systems are most vulnerable to failure and psychosocial impacts.
4
Ungar, E. D. "Management of agro-pastoral systems in a semiarid region /." Wageningen [The Netherlands] : Pudoc, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37447367n.
Full text
5
Bauer, Kenneth Michael. "Land use, common property, and development among pastoralists in Central Tibet (1884-2004)." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.491584.
Full text
6
Barton, George Edward. "Increasing the usefulness of my pastoral resource centre." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1987. http://www.tren.com.
Full text
7
Whaley, Roy L. "Using family systems theory in the pastoral care of female offenders." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1997. http://www.tren.com.
Full text
8
Onono, Joshua Orungo. "Economics of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia and its control in pastoral systems in Kenya." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.618295.
Full text
9
Sternberg, Troy. "Nomadic geography : pastoral environments in the Gobi Desert, Mongolia." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:bc3b363d-5d7a-4b4c-896d-4296ba99cf43.
Full textAbstract:
Pastoralism on the Mongolian steppe encompasses limited physical resources and evolving anthropogenic influences. Little-studied, the Inner Asian region encounters changing climates, evolving land use practices, and socio-economic transition that impact the natural and human geography. This thesis investigates how bio-physical factors and herder action determine the pastoral environment in the Gobi Desert, Mongolia. Research, focusing on drought, degradation and the extreme winter conditions that define pastoralism in Mongolia, examines pastoralists' perception of and interaction with their environment. This approach highlights steppe ecological and social processes within the global dryland debate. Fieldwork in Omnogovi and Ovorhangai Province established that drought is endemic in the region. However, drought events were independent of extreme winter conditions and did not exacerbate their impact. Degradation was not found at water points as vegetation cover decreased with distance from water. While remote sensing showed a decline in vegetation cover over time, it did not establish desertification on the steppe. Changing physical, socio-economic, and political conditions since 1990 continue to impact Mongolian pastoralism. Environmental conditions, particularly water resources and pasture quality, were paramount herder concerns. This research showed that pastoralists are economically motivated, differentiate on multiple dimensions, and value communal land stewardship. On the steppe, traditional mobile livestock practices improve livelihoods and remain an effective management approach. However, the future of pastoralism is uncertain as herders settle, the population ages, and children become educated. Thesis results emphasize the interaction of physical and social environments will define pastoralism's role in the Gobi Desert
10
Shim, Young Hee Kim. "Pastoral care and counselling to and with children." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/58701.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MTh) -- Stellenbosch University, 1995.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis is an attempt to present a prop~r modd and methodology of pastoral care &mu counselling of children. Chapter I starts with the concept of childhood and traces the history of child care and examines the present situation of pastoral care and counselling. The importance and necessity of pastoral care and counselling of children is emphasized. Chapter 2 locates pastoral care and counselling of children under the umbrella of Practical Theolob'Y· It proposes an interdisciplinary model and argues th<:t pastoral care is a theological issue. In chapter 3 the ancient Israelite society is examined 11s an example of a therapeutic environment for growing children. Her.~ the family provided a social structure through which children experienced a strong sense of belonging, security, love and self-identity. In the family circle God's covenantal love was conveyed by means of storyte.lling. Children have their own world and language which differ in many ways from the adult world. Chapter 4 explores the personal world and language of children and gives an exposition of the different developmental stages between the ages of six and twelve. Chapter 5 deals with the world of children, the family and the immediate environment of growing children. Healing in pastoral care is exercised through faith care. The research proposes the storytelling method as a most effective vehicle to convey God's love to the child. Chapier six explains the necessity for a storytelling technique through which the horizon of the child's environment merges with the horizon of God's unfailing love and grace.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die navorsing is daarop gerig om die pastoraat llewus te maak van die eiesoortige behoeftes van die kind onder twaalf jaar binne die beraadproses. Die voorveronderstelling waarmee gewerk word, is dat die kind deur die kerk wel via die kategese bereik word, maar dan op 'n meer kognitiewe leervlak. Gevolglik word daar nie erns gemaak met die meer indjviduele en emosionele behoeftes van kinders in 'n krisis binne hut gesinsverband nie. Die eerste hoofstuk is 'n bespreking van die geskiedenis van sorg aan die kleiner kind en ·n ontleding van die huidige benwdsituasie in pastorale sorg. Die tweede hoofstuk bied 'n metodologiese raamwerk teen die agtergroml van die karakter van praktiese teologie en 'n interdissiplinere benadering. Die derde hoofstuk is 'n poging om vas te stel wat die posisie van die kind in die vroee lsraelitiese gemeenskap was. Die navorsing stel vas dat die sorg van God gerealiseer was via die verbondsliefde sons wat dit in die familie tot uitdrukking gekom het. Dit is hier waar die verhaal of storie van God se bemoeienis met sy volk oorvertel is. Die vierde hoofstuk konsentreer op die eiesoortige wereld van taal, simbole en kommunikasie gedurende die verskillende ontwikkelingsfases van die kind. Hoofstuk vyf bied 'n bespreking van die sosiale omgewing en gesinsverband van die kind. Die laaste hoofstuk is 'n toespitsing van pastoraat a an die kleiner kind rnet behulp van die metode van storievertelling. Dit is die taak van die pastoraat om 'n horisonversmelting tussen die storie van die kind en die storie van God se verbondsliefde te laat plaasvind. Op hierdie wyse word die geloof van die kind ontwikkel en verkry die metode van storievertelling 'n pastorale dimensie.
11
Boag, Franca Elise. "Integrated Mediterranean farming and pastoral systems : local knowledge and ecological infrastructure of Italian dryland farming /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq22954.pdf.
Full text
12
Beard, Rodney. "Ito stochastic control theory, stochastic differential games and the economic theory of mobile pastoralism /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18631.pdf.
Full text
13
Harrild, Chea Jane Elizabeth. "The relationship between the administrative, pastoral and academic organization of schools and systems of profiling." Thesis, University of Bath, 1987. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.760565.
Full text
14
Armstrong, R. Richard. "A pastoral counselor's perspective of marriage and family relationships the systems and processes in life and times of crisis /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.
Full text
15
Rocheta, José Filipe dos Santos Costa. "A pastorícia na prevenção dos fogos rurais: uma estratégia para a Serra Algarvia." Master's thesis, ISA/UTL, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4076.
Full textAbstract:
Mestrado em Engenharia Zootécnica - Produção Animal - Instituto Superior de Agronomia / Faculdade de Medicina VeterináriaThis paper examines the extensive livestock grazing as a tool for rural management towards fire prevention and its relationship in the Portuguese southern region known as Serra Algarvia. In order to understand the important role of pastoral systems in forest defense against fires it is interesting to focus on the effects upon biomass control through grazing and browsing by small ruminants (that feed on both grass or low vegetation and on woody twigs and leaves from trees and shrubs), and also on the economic benefits driven from introducing sheep and goat flocks on fuel breaks for their sustainability. Promoting the implementation of pastoral systems in rural areas in order to control bush growth can be achieved either by converting abandoned agricultural lands into pastures or using the animals for vegetation consumption and forest soil maintenance, and the support of sylvopastoral systems. After a review of Portuguese and other Mediterranean countries case studies related to this matter we propose two models regarding livestock management and fire prevention. These models were structured to be established at the Serra Algarvia and emphasize an autochthonous goat breed called Cabra Algarvia as a fundamental resource to reduce fire risk
16
Jordan, Greta [Verfasser]. "Water use efficiency and management of agro-pastoral landuse systems in the Mongolian-Chinese Altay / Greta Jordan." Kassel : Universitätsbibliothek Kassel, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1127772864/34.
Full text
17
TROZZO, Laura. "Analysis of ecosystem services provided by agro-pastoral systems to support co-design of agri-environment-climate measures." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/273441.
Full textAbstract:
I sistemi pastorali possono fornire una vasta gamma di servizi ecosistemici che vengono definiti dal Millennium Ecosystem Assessment come “i benefici che le persone ottengono dagli ecosistemi” e vengono classificati in quattro gruppi: i) supporto (necessari per la produzione di tutti gli altri servizi ecosistemici; es. produzione primaria), ii) approvvigionamento (prodotti forniti dagli ecosistemi; es. cibo, acqua), iii) regolazione (benefici ottenuti dalla regolazione dei processi ecosistemici; es. regolazione del clima) e iv) valori culturali (benefici non materiali che la popolazione ottiene dagli ecosistemi; es. esperienze estetiche). L’obiettivo principale della tesi è stato quello di utilizzare le analisi di alcuni dei più importanti servizi ecosistemici forniti dai sistemi agro-pastorali estensivi della regione Marche (Italia centrale), a supporto dei processi di co-progettazione di misure agro-climatico ambientali. Nel capitolo iniziale, attraverso un lavoro di review della letteratura scientifica, la tesi esamina le tendenze e gli approcci utilizzati nell’analisi di alcuni servizi ecosistemici forniti dai sistemi pastorali alla luce dei principi del Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. Successivamente, la tesi si concentra principalmente sull’analisi delle emissioni di alcuni gas ad effetto serra generati da diversi sistemi colturali e diverse gestioni: (i) respirazione del suolo di una prateria montana a dominanza di Bromus erectus sottoposta a diverse intensità di utilizzazione; (ii) emissioni di N2O in un sistema medica-frumento, con e senza l’applicazione di biochar, in un’area collinare. Nell’ultimo capitolo, la tesi analizza i processi di progettazione di misure agro-ambientali per la gestione di problematiche ambientali a scala territoriale in numerosi casi di studio. L’analisi della letteratura ha rivelato una generale confusione da parte dei portatori d’interesse relativamente al concetto di servizio ecosistemico. La biodiversità viene considerata un servizio ecosistemico di per sé e la visione antropocentrica dei servizi ecosistemici non è accettata o compresa. Dalla review emerge inoltre lo scarso utilizzo di un approccio multi-settoriale nell’analisi dei servizi ecosistemici, nonché quello di un’integrazione delle diverse conoscenze. In aggiunta, i servizi ecosistemici culturali risultano scarsamente studiati, nonostante siano considerati di grande importanza per i portatori d’interesse sia locali che generali e che, insieme ad altri importanti servizi ecosistemici, potrebbero favorire l’adozione di politiche e misure agro-ambientali. Dall’analisi della prateria a dominanza di Bromus erectus, non emerge nel breve periodo un impatto significativo dell’intensità di utilizzazione sulla respirazione del suolo né sulla produzione primaria. Nel sistema medica-frumento, l’analisi delle emissioni di N2O suggerisce che: i) la lavorazione posticipata in autunno può mitigare la perdita di azoto sottoforma di N2O; ii) gli effetti dell’applicazione del biochar dovrebbero essere analizzati nel lungo periodo per verificare i possibili effetti dell’invecchiamento del biochar, anche sulla produttività della coltura. I risultati ottenuti da questa ricerca potrebbero contribuire alla condivisione di conoscenze e alla formazione di una conoscenza ibrida che, insieme al cambio di ruolo dei portatori d’interesse del sistema, sono risultati elementi chiave del processo di co-progettazione di misure agro-climatico ambientali sito specifiche, condivise e a scala territoriale.Grazing systems can provide a wide array of ecosystem services, defined by the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment as “the benefits that people obtain from ecosystems” and classified in four main groups: i) supporting (necessary for the production of all other ecosystem services; e.g. primary production), ii) provisioning (products obtained from ecosystems; e.g. food, fresh water), iii) regulating (benefits obtained from the regulation of ecosystem processes; e.g. climate regulation) and iv) cultural (non-material benefits people obtain from ecosystems; e.g. aesthetic experiences). The thesis aims to investigate some relevant ecosystem services provided by extensive agro-pastoral systems in the territory of the Marche region (central Italy) to support the co-design process of agrienvironmental climate measures. The thesis originates from a review paper that analyses the trends and approaches used in the analysis of relevant ecosystem services provided by grazing system, according to the framework principles of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. In a following step, the research focuses on the analysis of the greenhouse gases emissions under different cropping systems and management options: soil respiration from a Bromus erectus-dominated grassland under different mowing intensities in the uplands and N2O emissions in a alfalfa-wheat system with biochar application in the lowlands. A final chapter analyses the design process of agri-environmental measures at landscape scale implemented in several case studies. The literature review revealed a misunderstanding concerning the concept of ecosystem services among stakeholders. The biodiversity was considered an ecosystem services per se and the anthropocentric vision of the ecosystem services was not accepted or understood, moreover a lack of a multi-sectoral approach in the analysis of ecosystem services and the integration of different knowledge emerged. Furthermore, cultural ecosystem services were poorly studied despite being considered the most relevant for local and general stakeholders and with some other relevant services, could foster agri-environmental schemes. From the analysis of the soil respiration from a Bromus erectus-dominated grassland emerged that more intensive use did not significantly impact soil respiration and primary production on the short term. The analysis of the N2O emissions in the alfalfa-wheat system suggests that: i) postponed tillage in autumn may mitigate nitrogen losses as N2O after alfalfa termination; ii) the effects of biochar application on N2O emissions and crop productivity should be analysed in a long term perspective to verify the ‘biochar aging’. The results obtained from the research could feed the hybrid knowledge, that with shift of the stakeholder role in the system are key elements for the co-design process of site specific, shared and landscape agrienvironmental measures.
18
Weekley, Paul. "Improving Sahelian food security through facilitating action learning networks : a case study among the Fulbe Jelgobe of Northern Burkina Faso /." [Richmond, N.S.W.} : Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, 1999. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030508.110110/index.html.
Full text
19
Byenkya, Gilbert Steven. "Impact of undesirable plant communities on the carrying capacity and livestock performance in pastoral systems of south-western Uganda." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/255.
Full textAbstract:
The impact of undesirable plant communities (Cymbopogon afronardus and woody species dominated by Acacia species) on livestock carrying capacity and performance was investigated on 15 farms in an Acacia/Cymbopogon dominated pastoral system of south-western Uganda. Species prevalence based on basal cover for grasses, frequency for forbs and effective canopy cover for trees/shrubs were determined on farms. The PHYGROW model was used to predict forage productivity for computation of carrying capacity. The NIRS/NUTBAL nutritional management system was used to determine cattle dietary CP and DOM through fecal scans and to estimate animal performance.
Cymbopogon afronardus had a prevalence of 10.29% among the grasses while Acacia gerrardii (34.37%) and Acacia hockii (33.66%) were the most prevalent woody species. Forage productivity differed significantly among the farms with a mean long-term annual forage yield of 4560(SE+41) kg/ha. Farms infested with Cymbopogon and woody species produced the least amount of forage and therefore had the lowest carrying capacities (0.38 -0.39 AU/ha) while improved farms had comparatively higher forage yields with higher carrying capacities (0.49 - 0.52 AU/ha). A mean carrying capacity for the system was estimated at 0.44 AU/ha using a 25% harvest efficiency for ANPP. All the farms were overstocked, on average by 3.2 times.
Livestock BCS, diet CP and DOM were significantly different (P<0.0001) among the different farm types. BCS were highest on improved farms and lowest on Cymbopogon infested farms while dietary CP and DOM values were lowest on improved farms and highest on farms with a high woody component. Farms with a relatively high woody component exhibited intermediate BCS despite the high dietary CP values. Cattle on Cymbopogon infested farms had consistently lower body weights over the months although there were no significant differences in daily live weight gains among farms.
Recommendations included need for research into appropriate control measures for both Cymbopogon afronardus and woody species, farmer sensitization about overstocking, research to improve forage quality on improved farms and need for feed supplementation for improved breeds on improved farms. Integration of NIRS/NUTBAL and PHYGROW models into the research and management systems was desirable. The observed increase in Sporobolus spp. required investigation.
20
Akasbi, Zakia [Verfasser], and Norbert [Akademischer Betreuer] Jürgens. "Pastoral systems and their interaction with spatiotemporal vegetation dynamics in the Atlas Mountains, Southern Morocco / Zakia Akasbi. Betreuer: Norbert Jürgens." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1027573401/34.
Full text
21
Mutandi, Robson. "Locally-evolved knowledge in livestock and range management systems in southern Zimbabwe's drylands, a study of pastoral communities in beitbridge district." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0009/NQ30634.pdf.
Full text
22
McHenry, Mark. "Australian agricultural, energy & climate change policies & trends in performance of stand-alone power supply systems in pastoral Western Australia." Thesis, McHenry, Mark (2006) Australian agricultural, energy & climate change policies & trends in performance of stand-alone power supply systems in pastoral Western Australia. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2006. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/6037/.
Full textAbstract:
Total renewable energy capacity in Stand-alone Power Supply (SPS) systems has increased dramatically over the past few years in Western Australian remote off-grid agricultural regions. Capital cost subsidies provided by governments has allowed the replacement of aging diesel generators with photovoltaics and wind turbines, which are known to be as reliable as traditional systems in addition to providing 24-hour availability of electricity. Over the last 30 years renewable energy SPS system technologies have seen some notable developments. However, in many respects they have also failed to live up to the expectations of many people in regional areas. There are still many technical, social and economic barriers to the use of renewables in SPS systems in Australia. A significant collaborative research and development (R&D) approach in regards to small renewable system integration into conventional power systems in Australia is literally non-existent. The last 10 years of energy policies has seen institutions that promote and provide R&D into renewable energy, such as the Energy Research and Development Corporation (ERDC), Australian Cooperative Research Centre for Renewable Energy (ACRE), and the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) endure renewable energy funding cuts or have been discontinued. This research illustrates that the performance and reliability of remote SPS systems in pastoral regions of WA has improved slowly in the past 30 years. This research also explores the strengths and weakness of government and industry policy approaches over time and their relationship to performance of SPS systems in pastoral Western Australia. The recommendations provide direction for policy makers to improve the utilisation of taxpayer funds to achieve climate change, energy, social equity and technological development policy objectives.
23
Petersson, Maria Billeson Göran Wrang Laura. "Djurhållning och betesdrift : djur, människor och landskap i västra Östergötland under yngre bronsålder och äldre järnålder /." Stockholm : Uppsala : Riksantikvarieämbetet ; Institutionen för arkeologi och antik historia, Uppsala universitet, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6803.
Full text
24
Majalija, Samuel. "Isolation And Molecular Characterization Of Shiga Toxin Producing Escherichia coli In Cattle, Water And Diarrhoeal Children From The Pastoral Systems Of Southwestern Uganda." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3063.
Full textAbstract:
This study describes the molecular characteristics of STEC isolated from the pastoralist community of Nyabushozi in Southwestern Uganda. Faecal samples or rectal swabs of children with diarrhoea obtained in phases 1 and 2 were investigated for the presence of STEC by PCR detection of stx genes. During phase 1, cattle reared on range which were associated with households of sick children were investigated in parallel to the children for STEC excretion. STEC was isolated from E. coli in 7 of 80 (8.8%) children and in 15 of 216 (6.9%) bovines in phase 1. Similarly, STEC was isolated from 11 of 142 (7.7%) E. coli carrying children and 3 of 45 (6.7%) water samples in phase 2. Molecular characterization further ascertained the genetic relatedness of STEC. PFGE pro les of up to 10 colonies obtained from an individual source (child, bovine or water) and in total 185 STEC colonies were analysed. Nine pro les from 43 colonies (phase 1) and 15 pro les from 38 colonies (phase 2) obtained from children were not or were distally related, indicating the genetic diversity of clinical STEC. The intra-host analysis of STEC pro les revealed that strains from 11 of the 13 children exhibited multiple clonal subgroups. The 101 colonies from 15 bovines clustered in 18 di erent pro les. Clonal subgroups were observed in multiple STEC colonies from 11 of 12 bovines. Closely related pro les indicated that STEC isolated from two children (Hh2 and Hh4) was acquired from bovines or their environment. While none of the clinical or bovine STEC were related to 5 genetically diverse water strains. A single isolate of STEC representing each PFGE pro le in association with stx gene content was serotyped for the O antigen. Twenty four bovine STEC were typed into 10 O serogroups including O8, O76, O111 and O113, which were also identi ed among the clinical STEC. The 25 clinical STEC belonged to 15 serogroups of which O29, O149 and O176 are being reported for the rst time as clinical STEC. STEC xxi Abstract O166 was isolated from a child and water during the same sampling, indicating the potential health hazard of drinking STEC-contaminated water. The production of Shiga toxin (Stx) investigated using Duopath Verotoxin detection kits showed that a majority of STEC from di erent sources produced Stx1 or Stx2 or both Stx. Using PCR or PCR-RFLP assays, stx2 and eae gene types were analysed. Variant stx2 vhc was most prevalent and closely associated with stx2d2 in clinical and bovine STEC. The frequency of eae-positive STEC among clinical and bovine STEC was 15 of 25 (60%) and 14 of 24, (58.3%), respectively. eae- 2/ was predominant among the bovine STEC, eae- / in clinical STEC, while eae- 1 was associated with STEC from di erent sources including water. Previously undescribed eae-positive serogroups O28ac, O113, O142 and O158 were identi ed. Studies of the genetic background showed that both clinical and bovine STEC obtained in phase 1 predominantly belonged to phylogenetic group A and B1, while phase 2 clinical and water STEC belonged to group D and A, respectively. Seropathotype classi cation of clinical STEC, separated most strains (20 of 24 strains) into seropathotype D. These STEC belonged to phylogenetic groups A, B1 and D. Thus, the characterised genetic attributes of STEC from Nyabushozi suggests that the pathogens have the potential to cause a wide spectrum of childhood illnesses ranging from mild to bloody diarrhoea and haemolytic uraemic syndrome. xxii
25
Emadi, Mohammad H., of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture, and School of Agriculture and Rural Development. "Pastoralists, participation and policy : an action oriented, systemic and participatory approach to improve the relationships between pastoralist nomads, government and natural resources in Iran." THESIS_FAH_ARD_Emadi_M.xml, 1995. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/301.
Full textAbstract:
The study focuses on the relationships between nomads, the government and the natural resource base of Iran as a problematical situation. The research approach adopted was action-oriented with an emphasis on the process of development through the integration of theory with practice in a critical learning system designed to improve the situation and emphasising the significance of systemic thinking and acting.The underlying rationale for the approach is that the relatively limited achievements in nomadic development and natural conservation to date stem from the fact that policies are: (a) based on a reductionist view point and analysis, which separates theory from practice, and neglects the diversity, complexity and recursiveness of the different dimensions of nomadic life; and (b) developed on the basis of government perceptions of the nature of the issues confronting nomads rather than on the basis of shared concerns with the nomads themselves. There were three phases of fieldwork which, when taken together, represent what might be termed a system of systemic research methodologies. The first phase of the fieldwork was an attempt to explore the problematic situation from the point of view of particular group of nomads and government agents. The second phase of research turned to an action-oriented approach to establish the process of conversation and mutual recognition and accommodation of change among ‘clients’ and the researcher as facilitator to help each group of participants (nomads and government) to understand their own position and worldviews, to help each group of participants to recognise and appreciate differences in their positions, perceptions, and to establish a framework for action and improving the situation within each group could benefit in a reciprocal manner. The third phase of research focused on the learning organisation as a strategy to improve relationships. The recursive nature of the research, both in terms of relationship between theory and practice and also its three phases, is reflected in the structure of the thesis.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
26
Emadi, Mohammad H. "Pastoralists, participation and policy : an action oriented, systemic and participatory approach to improve the relationships between pastoralist nomads, government and natural resources in Iran." Thesis, View thesis View thesis View thesis, 1995. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/301.
Full textAbstract:
The study focuses on the relationships between nomads, the government and the natural resource base of Iran as a problematical situation. The research approach adopted was action-oriented with an emphasis on the process of development through the integration of theory with practice in a critical learning system designed to improve the situation and emphasising the significance of systemic thinking and acting.The underlying rationale for the approach is that the relatively limited achievements in nomadic development and natural conservation to date stem from the fact that policies are: (a) based on a reductionist view point and analysis, which separates theory from practice, and neglects the diversity, complexity and recursiveness of the different dimensions of nomadic life; and (b) developed on the basis of government perceptions of the nature of the issues confronting nomads rather than on the basis of shared concerns with the nomads themselves. There were three phases of fieldwork which, when taken together, represent what might be termed a system of systemic research methodologies. The first phase of the fieldwork was an attempt to explore the problematic situation from the point of view of particular group of nomads and government agents. The second phase of research turned to an action-oriented approach to establish the process of conversation and mutual recognition and accommodation of change among ‘clients’ and the researcher as facilitator to help each group of participants (nomads and government) to understand their own position and worldviews, to help each group of participants to recognise and appreciate differences in their positions, perceptions, and to establish a framework for action and improving the situation within each group could benefit in a reciprocal manner. The third phase of research focused on the learning organisation as a strategy to improve relationships. The recursive nature of the research, both in terms of relationship between theory and practice and also its three phases, is reflected in the structure of the thesis.
27
Tran, Un Ho Irene Lim. "The use of Murray Bowen's family systems theory and therapy techniques for enabling Taiwan C & MA women church leaders to become more effective counselors." Portland, Or. : Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2005.
Find full text
28
Tran, Un Ho Irene Lim. "The use of Murray Bowen's family systems theory and therapy techniques for enabling Taiwan C & MA women church leaders to become more effective counselors." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1995. http://www.tren.com.
Full text
29
Emadi, Mohammad H. "Pastoralists, participation and policy : an action oriented, systemic and participatory approach to improve the relationships between pastoralist nomads, government and natural resources in Iran /." View thesis View thesis View thesis, 1995. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030530.122653/index.html.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, 1995.PnD thesis, School of Agriculture and Rural Development, Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture, University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, 1995. Bibliography : leaves 324-337.
30
Mohammed, Hasen Yusuf [Verfasser], and Anna [Akademischer Betreuer] Treydte. "The influence of land use and cover changes on the pastoral rangeland systems of southern Ethiopia - How much woody cover is enough? / Hasen Yusuf Mohammed. Betreuer: Anna Treydte." Hohenheim : Kommunikations-, Informations- und Medienzentrum der Universität Hohenheim, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1050193407/34.
Full text
31
Baker, Alan T. "Establishment of a Christian community at Fort Wadsworth, Staten Island, New York a systems approach integrating a Reformed theology of ministry into a military chapel setting /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 1997. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p068-0086.
Full text
32
Gwaze, Francisca Rumosa. "Communal production systems of goats raised by resource-poor farmers in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/172.
Full textAbstract:
Goats significantly contribute towards the subsistence, economic and social livelihoods of many resource-poor farmers in developing countries, the majority of which own goats. There, however, is dearth of information on communal goat production potential and roles to the rural populace. The broad objective of the study was to evaluate production practices, constraints, production efficiency and to determine nutritional and health status of goats raised by resource-poor communal farmers in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Roles and management systems of goats, goat flock dynamics and, prevalence and loads of gastrointestinal infections and the nutritional status of goats in the study areas were determined. The relationships among body weight, body condition score, faecal egg counts and, haematological and biochemical profiles were also determined. Mean goat flock sizes per household were similar between the two districts studied; Amatole (14.0 ± 0.31) and Alfred Nzo (14.1 ± 1.42). Seventy-nine percent of households in Amatole and 78% in Alfred Nzo kept goats for ceremonies, such as the initiation ceremonies. Goat houses in the two districts were poorly constructed. Thirty two percent of farmers in Alfred Nzo district and 27% in Amatole district reported low buck to doe ratios, suggesting that inbreeding might have been reducing productivity of their flocks. Kid mortality had two major peaks; in May (21%) and in September (21%). Goat production potential (GPP), the proportion of mature and growing goats to the total flock size, was affected by gender of owner of goats. Goats owned by female had a significantly lower GPP value of 0.63 ± 0.015 than goats owned by male farmers (0.70 ± 0.010). Month also significantly affected GPP with the highest (P < 0.05) GPP recorded in May, June and July and the lowest in March and April. Village affected GPP with values for Nkosana and Qawukeni being significantly higher than for Mankone. Goat production potential was also higher (P < 0.05) in small flocks (0.04 ± 0.008) than in large flocks (0.02 ± 0.008). Goat production efficiency (GPE) ranged from 0.11 ± 0.193 in April to 1.55 ± 0.193 in December. The most prevalent gastrointestinal eggs were the strongyle egg type (68.4 ± 8.49 in Qawukeni and 96.1 ± 12.01 in Nkosana) followed by coccidia (53.3 ± 8.76 in Qawukeni and 68.8 ± 8.00 in Mankone). The other identified nematodes were Strongyloides and Trichostrongylus egg types. The trematodes observed were Fasciola and Paramphistomum species. High loads of strongyle eggs were observed in the hot-wet season and the post-rainy season, whilst the other egg types showed a peak in the hot-wet season only. For most of the gastrointestinal parasite eggs, prevalence was higher (P < 0.05) in the sour rangeland compared to the sweet rangeland. Higher (P < 0.05) levels of total protein (TP), globulin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and creatinine kinase (CK) levels were recorded in the wet than in the dry season. Body condition scores were positively correlated (P < 0.05) to albumin, body weight and packed cell volume. However, body condition scores were negatively correlated to TP, glucose, alanine transaminase (ALT) and AST. Strongyle egg loads were positively correlated to FAMACHA scores, packed cell volume, body weight and body condition score. The observed high globulin levels suggested a chronic health challenge. Thus, it is fundamental to devise affordable interventions for the control of gastrointestinal parasites in communal goats leading to improved goat productivity and hence rural livelihood
33
Keller, Beth A. "The origins of lactase persistence and ongoing convergent evolution." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4955.
Full textAbstract:
As a primary factor in human evolution, natural selection is an important component of genetic research. Studies of lactase persistence suggest that positive selection has played a powerful role in the adaptation to a lifelong consumption of fresh milk. Using multiple research studies of lactase persistence and suspected corresponding single nucleotide genetic polymorphisms, this study combines data sources to determine whether evidence exists for natural selection of a specific cytosine-to-thymine genetic mutation located 13,910 base pairs (T-13910) upstream from the lactase gene. This polymorphism has potential to be a causal element for lactase persistence, and data suggest that natural selection has played a role in the rising frequency and distribution of this allele, if only in some regions. European and neighboring regions appear to have the highest frequencies with little or no frequency in Asia, Africa and Indonesia; however the presence of lactase persistence in those areas suggests convergent evolution may be occurring on a phenotypic level. To examine this possibility several other identified polymorphisms in the same region as the T-13910 will be included in this study.ID: 029809385; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (M.A.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-79).
M.A.
Masters
Anthropology
Sciences
34
Peden, Robert L., and n/a. "Pastoralism and the transformation of the rangelands of the South Island of New Zealand 1841 to 1912 : Mt Peel Station, a case study." University of Otago. Department of History, 2007. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20071204.155512.
Full textAbstract:
The transformation of the rangelands of the South Island of New Zealand during the pastoral era fits into the wider international context of European expansion into the 'new' world. European settlers displaced native peoples, introduced 'old' world animals and plants, and imposed a capitalist system that converted local resources into international commodities. In New Zealand the orthodox explanation of the pastoral impact on the rangelands claims that pastoralists introduced an unsustainable system of land use to the region. The pastoralists� indiscriminate burning practices and overstocking with sheep opened up the country to invasion by rabbits. Burning and overgrazing by sheep and rabbits stripped the natural fertility of the soils and left the country depleted, eroded, and overwhelmed by pests and weeds.
This thesis sets out to test those claims. It explores burning, the stocking of the rangelands with sheep and the impact of rabbits in detail. It also examines other land management practices, as well as sheep breeding, to see what impact they had on the landscape. The timeframe is set between 1841, when formal British settlement was established in the South Island, and 1912, by which time most of the great estates and stations had been broken up into smaller runs and farms.
The thesis uses station diaries, memoirs, contemporary newspapers and farming journals to assess what happened on the ground during the pastoral era. In particular, the thesis uses Mt Peel Station as a case study to examine the intensification in land use that took place between 1841 and 1912, in order to explain the transformation of the landscape and to answer the questions: what happened, how did it happened and why did it happened as it did?
These sources illustrate that the pastoral era was characterised by innovation. Pastoralists had access to technical and scientific information from around the world. Some conducted their own experiments to improve the productivity of the land and their stock. There was also a learning process involved in adapting their methods to fit the local rangeland environments. They were not simply rapacious capitalists out to strip the wealth from the land for their own personal gain; indeed, many pastoralists set out to establish viable and sustainable enterprises.
The thesis argues that the rangelands consisted of a variety of landscapes and climates. Differences in resource endowments had a considerable influence in shaping the environmental outcomes on different stations. Aridity and rabbits were two key factors in the depletion of the vegetation and the degradation of the landscape in the rangelands. Runs in semi-arid districts that were overwhelmed by rabbits suffered long-term damage. In districts where rainfall was more reliable stations that had been overrun by rabbits recovered remarkably quickly. Stations like Mt Peel, that were largely unaffected by the first rabbit plague, were able to maintain and even increase their productivity up to the time they were subdivided. The orthodox analysis of the transformation of the rangelands in the pastoral era does not account for these differences in outcomes.
35
Ahearn-Ligham, Ariell. "The changing meaning of work, herding and social relations in Rural Mongolia." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:da410056-7e73-4b15-b2e9-8be97fe40dd8.
Full textAbstract:
By using ethnographic methods based on extensive participant observation, this thesis explores the role of pastoralism and rural work as a medium of social reproduction for families in rural Mongolia. This work is reported in four articles, which examine herder household management, decision making, and the spatial aspects of household social and economic production. As standalone pieces and as a united work, the articles make a case for understanding social change through the lens of spatialized performative relations. Pastoralism as a form of work and social system is one aspect of these relations. I contend that people consciously engage with herding as a form of work, which is an important reference point in political subjectivities and administrative practices that idealize the state. The policies and practices of government institutions, including non-state agencies, play powerful roles in the particular forms through which relations are spatialized. By taking this approach and prioritizing herder critical reflections on their own lives, I argue against the dual claim that herders exist outside the state and are bound to local environments. I show, in contrast, how herder efforts to access resources beyond local environments, such as formal schooling for children, spatially transform the labour, finance, and mobility systems of households. My work presents three key arguments with reference to these concepts. The first is that patron-client relations continue to play a strong role in family hierarchies and wider social alliances used to gain access to needed resources and services. Secondly, I argue that pastoralist work is an integral part of governance and the propagation of the moral authority of the state. Pastoralism as a form of work should be seen as a political enterprise as much as an economic or cultural one. Finally, attention to the spatial organisation of household economies, including household splitting and new types of mobility, reiterates the significance of place in human agency.
36
Nqeno, Noluvuyo. "Reproductive performance of cows in sweet and sour veld types under communal production systems in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/141.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of the study was to evaluate cow reproductive performance in the sweetveld and sourveld communal grazing areas of the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. In the first experiment, farmer perceptions were obtained using participatory rural appraisals. Farmers ranked lack of fences, tick-borne diseases, poor animal condition during winter and poor breeding practices, respectively as major constraints limiting cattle production in the Eastern Cape. Cattle, sheep and goats, in that order, were ranked as the most important livestock species and were mainly kept for meat, cash and ceremonies, respectively. The non-descript cattle breed was the most common breed found in the smallholder areas. Most farmers preferred Nguni breed because of its adaptive attributes. In the second experiment, structured questionnaires were administered, between June and August 2006, to a total of 551 farmers from 10 communities of the Eastern Cape. There was a significant association (P<0.05) between the use of pregnancy diagnoses and community. About 87 and 77 % of the interviewed farmers did not respond on the extent of pregnancy and calving rates in their herds. A higher proportion of farmers from Hekele (51%) and from Upper Mnxe (45.3%) communities reported low number of bulls as a major constraint to cow reproductive performance. Body condition and ovarian activity were measured in the sweet and sour veld types. Body condition score of animals was measured from March iii 2007 until January 2008 and ovarian activity of cows was performed by a veterinarian through rectal palpation in June, August and October 2007 and January 2008. From March to July, there was a marked decline in body condition on both veld types. In the sweetveld, body condition improved from September until January, whereas in the sourveld the improvement in body condition started in October. The cows in both veld types conceived throughout the year. Most cows in the sweetveld were cycling in January and August (P<0.05) whereas in the sourveld there was no distinct period when the animals were cycling. Overall, there were no differences in the proportion of cows that were cycling between the sour and sweet veldts (P>0.05). There were more cows cycling in sourveld in October than in the sweetveld. Reproductive performance of cows in communal areas could, therefore, be determined by levels and quality of nutrition. Keywords: Participatory rural appraisals; Structured questionnaires; Farmer participation; Farmer perceptions; Body condition scoring; Ovarian activity; Pregnancy diagnoses.
37
Chan, Man-wah, and 陳敏華. "Teacher as a pastoral tutor: the pastoral tutorial system in a secondary school." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31960674.
Full text
38
Chan, Man-wah. "Teacher as a pastoral tutor : the pastoral tutorial system in a secondary school /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21190525.
Full text
39
Seiboth, Tânia Regina. "AVALIAÇÃO DA VIABILIDADE ECONÔMICA DA PRODUÇÃO DE LEITE EM SISTEMAS PASTORIL E CONFINADO, COM A UTILIZAÇÃO DO RESÍDUO DE SORGO SACARINO COMO VOLUMOSO." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2016. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8398.
Full textAbstract:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorThe Brazilian agricultural sector constitutes itself as an important resource income for small producers all of whose manpower has been family character. The reduction of costs of the production process continues to make feasible the determining factor activity. For this it becomes necessary to verify the operational costs of production and analyze the factor which most impacts the costs of an enterprise of this nature. From this, it is necessary to think of a solution of working so as to integrate the production of energy and food. The objective of this study is to evaluate the economic viability of milk production in dairy cattle management systems pasture and confined in different scenarios related to animal feed, among which can highlight the determination of the integrated system of deployment of profitability of ethanol production and silage using sweet sorghum as raw material. In this study a quantitative approach was used. Realized the diagnosis of the dairy sector from the northwest region of the Rio Grande do Sul state (RS) through the withdrawals from analyzes performed by official bodies of the region (EMATER). The costs involved in the production of milk were provided obtained from the informal interviews in an intensive property that employs confined system and another system which uses intensive pasture. After assessing the costs held the integrated assessment of combustible ethanol production and silage for animal feed in a confined system. Diagnostic results of the show are positive and prospectus for growth. In relation to the production costs intensive pasture system presented a cost of R$ 0.72 per liter of milk produced, and the Intensive confined system has a cost of R$ 0.55 cents per liter. The economic analysis the two production systems are viable in the long run. About the integrated system, it is concluded it is a viable system and can increase the income of the small farmers. When analyzing the integrated production of ethanol and silage sweet sorghum and using the product in food, the profitability amounts to R$ 3.500,75 per hectare by employing confined system.
O setor agropecuário brasileiro constitui-se como importante fonte de renda para pequenos produtores cuja mão de obra é de cunho familiar. A redução dos custos do processo de produção continua sendo fator determinante para viabilizar a atividade. Para isso, faz-se necessário verificar os custos operacionais de produção e analisar o fator que mais impacta nos custos, de um empreendimento dessa natureza. A partir disso, é preciso pensar em uma solução de trabalhar de forma a integrar a produção de energia e alimento. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a viabilidade econômica da produção de leite em sistemas de manejo do gado leiteiro pastoril e confinado, em diferentes cenários relacionados à alimentação animal, dentre os quais, se pode destacar a determinação da receita líquida de implantação de sistema integrado de produção de etanol e silagem, empregando sorgo sacarino como matéria-prima. Neste estudo foi utilizada uma abordagem quantitativa. Realizou-se o diagnóstico do setor leiteiro da região noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul (RS) através da análise de levantamentos realizados por órgãos oficiais da região (EMATER). Os custos envolvidos na produção de leite foram obtidos a partir de entrevista informal. Avaliou-se duas propriedades, uma que emprega o sistema intensivo em confinamento e outra que utiliza o sistema intensivo a pasto. Após a avaliação dos custos realizou-se a avaliação integrada de produção de etanol combustível e silagem para a alimentação animal em sistema confinado. Os resultados do diagnóstico apresentaram-se positivos e prospectos ao crescimento. Com relação aos custos de produção, o sistema intensivo a pasto apresentou custo de R$ 0,72 por litro de leite produzido, e o sistema Intensivo em confinamento R$ 0,55 centavos por litro. A análise econômica demonstra que os dois sistemas de produção são viáveis em longo prazo. Quanto ao sistema integrado, conclui-se que é um sistema viável e pode aumentar a renda do pequeno produtor rural. Ao analisar a produção integrada de etanol e ensilagem de sorgo sacarino e a utilização do mesmo na alimentação, a receita líquida chega a R$ 3.500,75 por hectare.
40
Xu, Haoyang. "Resilience of Tibetan pastoral system in modernisation." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2009. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10945/.
Full textAbstract:
On the Tibetan Plateau, there is a long history of animal farming practices. Although Tibetan pastoralism had been successful in the past to support the population, the problems of increasing demand and impact in the face of more scarce resources and global climate change are challenging pastoralists. The problem is even more pronounced in the Tibetan Plateau’s unique natural and socioeconomic conditions. Based on the perception of the problem, the Chinese government started a reform programme aiming at changing the nomadic practices in Tibet. Tibet today is in transition, not only in terms of pastoralism, but also that of culture, of institutions, and of economy, nevertheless the transition in pastoralism as a livelihood and source of income will have significant implications. The usefulness of the resilience concept in examining a complex system’s innovation, development, disturbance and reorganisation makes them suitable tools in the study of historical changes and the future of Tibet, as the area is under human management, and subject to the influence of changes in nature and external policies. In this study remote sensing and mathematical modelling approaches are used to assess ecological resilience in the region. The advantage of remote sensing allows the researcher to observe and analyse a large area as well as recent changes, and to examine the spatial pattern of these changes. The model simulates the dynamics of the grassland system given the current condition. The key functions linked to the system’s resilience can be examined in this model and provide information on the system’s sustainability. The simulation shows that the nomadic pastoralism system can better adapt to disturbances of known intensity and frequency than the sedentary style. However, the trend of climate change and population increase may require a change of organisation and practices for the system to be sustained.
41
Ima, Ouoba Sidonie Aristide. "Dynamique du mode de vie des éleveurs et bouviers peuls de la zone pastorale de la Nouhao au Burkina Faso." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAG008/document.
Full textAbstract:
Face aux conditions d’élevage devenues défavorables, l’État perçoit dans la création des zones pastorales une opportunité d’insuffler une dynamique nouvelle à l’élevage par l’amélioration des techniques de production. C’est dans ce cadre que fut créée la zone pastorale de la Nouhao et y ont été installés, officiellement, des éleveurs peuls. Cette installation fut précédée de plusieurs réalisations dans le but d’assurer de manière durable, une disponibilité satisfaisante et en toute période de l’année, des ressources alimentaires, hydriques, ainsi qu’un encadrement sanitaire pour les animaux de ladite zone. Malgré les différentes réalisations qui ont apporté du mieux-être pour les éleveurs, ils ont conservé leur système traditionnel d’exploitation des ressources pastorales. L’étude vise à identifier les motivations des acteurs dans la persistance de la pratique de la mobilité en dehors de la zone pastorale. L’enquête conduite auprès des acteurs de différents domaines d’activités ont permis d’apporter des réponses à une question spécifique de la mobilité qu’est la transhumance des éleveurs et des bouviers peuls de la zone pastorale de la NouhaoIn the face of unfavorable rearing conditions, the State sees in the creation of pastoral areas an opportunity to inject a new dynamic into livestock farming by improving production techniques. It is in this context that the pastoral zone of Nouhao was created and there were officially installed Fulani breeders. This installation was preceded by several achievements in order to ensure in a sustainable way, a satisfactory availability and at any time of the year, food resources, water, as well as a sanitary supervision for the animals of the said zone. Despite the many achievements that have brought benefits to pastoralists, they have retained their traditional system of pastoral resource exploitation.The study aims to identify the motivations of the actors in the persistence of the practice of mobility outside the pastoral zone. The survey carried out among stakeholders in different fields of activity has made it possible to provide answers to a specific question of mobility that is the transhumance of pastoralists and Fulani herdsmen in the pastoral zone of Nouhao
42
Fourie, Omar Greyling Daniel. "Restoring communication in problematic interpersonal relationships in the family system : a pastoral study / Omar Greyling Daniel Fourie." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/8500.
Full textAbstract:
ill this study the interpersonal relationships and especially problematic communication within
the family context is of paramount concern. The focus on communication, specifically in the
family system, with a view to Biblically restoring communication in problematic interpersonal
relationships gives the present study validity and value; this is especially true in the context of
family systems in SOllth Africa. The family system in South Africa is under pressure and the.
pastoral care giver is, subsequently, also under pressure to provide accurate counselling and
intercession when needed to the family as a whole. This study aims to satisfY that need in
focusing on restoring communication in problematic interpersonal relationships in the family
system from a Bible-centred (Christian) perspective.
The areas that the researcher investigated centred on communication in problematic
interpersonal family relationships and the way in which communication problems in a particular
family system may contribute to the potential problems that the family as a unit may have to
cope with. The researcher worked with the hypothesis that problematic communiCation in
interfamilial relationships may severely impede the family system in functioning as an allied unit
against the pressures of life (for instance fmancial challenges, work stress). If family
communication patterns were healthy or at least functional, the hypothesis is that all other
problems that a family might face could be handled more easily by a family as an allied unit.
The research question of this study is: How can families, with problematic interpersonal familial
relationships, be counselled from a Biblical perspective with the primary objective of restoring
communication in the family system? Can effective Bible-centred counselling guidelines be set
down and developed from a study of family systems as depicted in Scripture, the human sciences
and an empirical study in order to restore communication in problematic interpersonal
relationships in the family system?
This study shows that problematic communication in interfamilial relationships does impede the
family system from functioning effectively. Interpersonal relationships in the family system is
often complex and communication is only one element present in those relationships which can
have a detrimental effect on good family relationships if communication is strained. The
overarching research aim of the study was to obtain, develop and put forth Bible-centered
praxis-theoretical guidelines on restoring communication in family systems caught up in
problematic interpersonal relationships. The conclusion of this study is that families with
problematic interpersonal familial relationships can be effectively counselled from a Biblical
perspective with the aid of material from the human sciences with the primary objective of restoring communication in the family system.Thesis (M.A. (Pastoral))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010
43
Alderman, Keith Christopher. "Pastoral self-care as ministerial imperative." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1998. http://www.tren.com.
Full text
44
Mientjes, Antoon Cornelis. "Pastoralism in Sardinia : ethnoarchaeological research into the material and spatial features of pastoralism in a regional context." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683182.
Full text
45
Weekley, Paul. "Improving Sahelian food security through facilitating action learning : a case study among the Fulbe Jelgobe of Northern Burkina Faso." Thesis, [Richmond, N.S.W.} : Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, 1999. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/202.
Full textAbstract:
The Fulbe Jelgobe, like many other Sahelian pastoral groups, are becoming increasingly vulnerable to chronic food insecurity. They live in a landscape that exhibits a complex patchiness and extremely variable rainfall patterns. When their food security is threatened, the Fulbe Jelgobe act skillfully on the basis of local knowledge in employing a complex array of coping responses that seek to meet immediate food needs while preserving a base for future livelihood activity. These responses involve the manipulation of household asset portfolios, modifying household consumption patterns, access to common property resources and the activation of networks of social relationships. The reinforcement or enhancement of such responses is a credible means of improving food security. This thesis reports on an attempt to apply action research amongst the Fulbe Jelgobe in Northern Burkina Faso, focusing on case studies of action research in two Fulbe communities. These communities provide the context for understanding a particular food insecurity situation by taking action to improve it. The process was co-designed and co-managed by action research groups formed in both locations. These groups included diverse stakeholders who cooperated with me in learning how to contextualise the Participatory Action Research process to improving local food security. A third, general action research process is underpinned by ten years of previous experience in the area and ethnographic research that provides an understanding of the context for Fulbe subsistence strategies. While the process of participatory Action Research is perceived to be useful in such vulnerable livelihood contexts, the participatory process itself is viewed as problematic and frequently more partisan than many adherents to the process would accept. There is a complex web of motivations driving local stakeholders participation. Rather than extended dialogue aimed at achieving consensus, as many popular participatory approaches envisage, it is a matter of continually re-negotiating cooperation among stakeholders with diverse interests and capabilities in order to secure continuing participation in a heuristic learning process. Treating Fulbe agro-pastoralism holistically as social praxis, a locally managed Participatory Action Research process facilitated improved food security by reinforcing coping options and enhancing local organisational capacity to interface with development organisations. Participatory Action Research provided a framework for the design and management of food-for-work programs aimed at developing an infrastructure for dry-season gardening in both locations. The action research group in one location became the management committee of an association of some 80 people that was formally registered with the government under the name of Dewral. This association, which is still functioning, facilitates the cultivation of 25 hectares of lakeside gardens. These gardens are an important addition to the members' mix of food procuring activities.
46
Granier, Agnès. "La pastorale de l'enfant : actions de sante communautaire au bresil." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO1M120.
Full text
47
Gottwald, James T. "Embodying Bowen's family system theory and claiming my soul." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2004. http://www.tren.com.
Full text
48
Tomàs, Gamisans Màrius. "Developing strategies for systems metabolic engineering of Pichia pastoris." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/458538.
Full textAbstract:
Pichia pastoris s’ha convertit en una de les plataformes cel·lulars més utilitzades per a la producció de proteïnes recombinants i metabòlits d’alt valor afegit. En els darrers anys s’han aconseguit fites importants en l’anàlisi quantitativa a nivell de sistemes de la seva fisiologia. Aquesta gran quantitat d’informació ha permès desenvolupar models metabòlics a escala genòmica, que permeten el desenvolupament de noves estratègies per l’enginyeria de soques i de bioprocés. Amb anterioritat a aquest estudi s’havien publicat tres models metabòlics a escala genòmica per a P. pastoris. No obstant això, aquests models presentaven algunes inconsistències en algunes vies metabòliques, en la nomenclatura de metabòlits i reaccions, així com les anotacions associades a certes vies. A més, algunes de les rutes metabòliques o característiques específiques de P. pastoris eren representades de forma errònia o incompleta. És per això que en aquest estudi es desenvolupa un model metabòlic a escala genòmica consens, que integra els models anteriors. A més, també es fa una revisió exhaustiva de diverses rutes metabòliques i nombroses vies es corregeixen i actualitzen d’acord amb les publicacions disponibles. Com a resultat, el nou model, iMT1026, pot reproduir amb més precisió els paràmetres de creixement experimentals de cèl·lules creixent en glucosa i diferents nivells de disponibilitat d’oxigen. Amb la voluntat d’expandir les capacitats del model, es generen noves dades fisiològiques fent servir dos dels substrats més importants per aquesta factoria cel·lular. Es realitzen unes series de cultius en continu per a la caracterització del perfil fisiològic de P. pastoris creixent en glicerol i metanol com a fonts úniques de substrat. A més, també es caracteritza la composició macromolecular de la biomassa. Posteriorment, s’incorporen en el model noves equacions de biomassa específiques per a cada font de carboni. Aquestes noves dades experimentals han permès estimar els paràmetres energètics associats a les fonts de carboni i validar el model (iMT1026 v3.0) per aquestes condicions de creixement.
Tot i la validació de iMT1026 v3.0 en un rang més ampli de condicions, en aquest treball es prova en dues aplicacions diferents: en l’anàlisi de fluxos metabòlics basat en 13C i com a eina de suport per a la interpretació de resultats en soques amb modificades en el metabolisme redox. Tot i que hi ha un únic estudi on s’analitza la relació entre fluxos metabòlics en cèl·lules creixent en glicerol, no es té constància de cap estudi d’anàlisi de fluxos metabòlics en aquesta font de carboni. Així doncs, es redueix el model metabòlic a escala genòmica a un model del metabolisme central i es fa servir per a l’anàlisi de fluxos metabòlics basats en 13C en cèl·lules creixent amb glicerol a diferents velocitats de creixement. Els resultats obtinguts són molt consistents amb els cultius previs en glicerol. També s’utilitza iMT1026v3.0 com a suport per a la interpretació del perfil fisiològic obtingut en soques amb el metabolisme redox modificat. Una soca que expressa un fragment d’anticòs es modifica genèticament mitjançant l’expressió d’una NADH quinasa, de manera que el balanç de cofactors redox queda pertorbat. Les soques generades mostren una producció de proteïna recombinant més elevada i una alteració en el perfil macroscòpic de creixement. Mitjançant l’anàlisi in silico dels perfils fisiològics resultants, es prediuen possibles canvis metabòlics associats a l’alteració del balanç de cofactors que estan d’acord amb el perfil macroscòpic observat. Així doncs, en línies generals, en aquest treball es desenvolupa una eina precisa per a l’enginyeria de sistemes metabòlics. A més, és validada en condicions vàries i s’utilitza en dues aplicacions diferents que demostren la seva fiabilitat.Pichia pastoris has become one of the most extensively used platform cell factories for recombinant protein and high-value added metabolite production. In the past recent years, important breakthroughs in the systems-level quantitative analysis of its physiology have been achieved. This wealth of information has allowed the development of genome-scale metabolic models, which make new approaches possible for host cell and bioprocess engineering. Previous to this work, three different genome-scale metabolic models were available for P. pastoris. Nevertheless, these models showed some inconsistencies regarding certain pathways, including the terminology for both metabolites and reactions and annotations. Furthermore, some P. pastoris specific metabolic traits were misrepresented. Therefore, in this study, a consensus genome-scale metabolic model has been developed, thereby integrating the prior models. In addition, a comprehensive revision of metabolic pathways was performed and several pathways were curated and updated according to the currently available literature. As a result, the new model, iMT1026, is able to more accurately reproduce experimental growth parameters using glucose as carbon source and different oxygen availability conditions. In order to expand the capabilities of the consensus model, new physiological datasets of cells growing on two of the most relevant substrates for this cell factory were generated. Specifically, a series of chemostat cultivations were performed to characterise the physiologic profile and macromolecular biomass composition of P. pastoris growing on glycerol and methanol as sole carbon sources. Also, macromolecular biomass composition was analysed, allowing us to incorporate new carbon-source specific stoichiometric biomass equations into the model, as well as to estimate the associated energetic parameters. Overall, a new version of the model (iMT1026 v3.0) was validated for these growing conditions. In addition to the validation of iMT1026 v3.0 for a wider range of carbon sources and growth conditions, we have further tested its performance in two different applications, namely, the generation of reduced metabolic models suitable for 13C-based metabolic flux analysis and, assisting the interpretation of physiological growth parameters of redox-cofactor engineered strains. In particular, the genome-scale metabolic model has been reduced into a core model and used for 13C-based metabolic flux analysis of cells growing on glycerol at different growth rates. To our knowledge, this is the first study ever reported of 13C-MFA using glycerol as sole carbon source. Notably, flux analyses are highly consistent with pioneering 13C-based metabolic profiling studies of P. pastoris growing on glycerol. iMT1026 v3.0 was also employed for assisting the interpretation of the physiological profiles obtained for redox-cofactor engineered strains. A recombinant strain producing an antibody fragment was engineered to overexpress a heterologous NADH kinase, aiming at increased NADPH regeneration rates. Notably, the redox-engineered strains showed an increase in recombinant protein production and altered macroscopic growing profiles. In silico analysis of the impact of NADH kinase overexpression using the iMT1026 model predicted possible metabolic changes associated to the redox cofactor imbalance that were in agreement with the observed physiological phenotypes. Overall, a refined tool for systems metabolic engineering is provided in the present study. Moreover, such tool has been validated for a wide range of environmental conditions and employed in two different applications, confirming its reliability.
49
Mimo, Sara Filipa Girante. "Effects of climate change in the biomass of montado agro-sylvo-pastoral system." Master's thesis, ISA-UL, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13370.
Full textAbstract:
Mestrado em Engenharia do Ambiente - Instituto Superior de Agronomia - ULThe present dissertation aims at understanding how the future climate change scenarios may affect the production of grassland biomass in the montado agro-sylvo-pastoral system, by studying the effects of precipitation, aridity and topography (slope) in both the field, in different sites along a climatic gradient in Alentejo, and in greenhouse trials, using the seedbank collected at those sites. The impact of these three factors was studied independently, in order to understand the importance of each of them for biomass productivity and, consequently, determine the main driving factors. The results showed a stronger effect of precipitation during the growing season on biomass productivity, in both field and greenhouse trials, thus highlighting this factor, among the three studied, as the major driver of biomass response and consequently of future changes in the landscape of montado agro-sylvo-pastoral system in Alentejo. The comparison of field and greenhouse trial was also intended to study the seedbank ability to retain information regarding the past climate history of its site of origin – ‘memory’. Results showed that in greenhouse, regardless of the locations from where the soil samples were taken, the seed bank responded similarly in terms of biomass production, vegetation cover, species richness and flowering onset when subjected to similar favorable conditions in the greenhouse – regular and abundant watering.
N/A
50
Gobindram, Mohammad Noor Ehsan Newaz. "Plant secondary compounds in small ruminant feeding in stall-fed and pastoral system in the Mediterranean." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/1642.
Full textAbstract:
The utilization of alternative feed resources such as agro-industrial by-products or rangelands may contribute to reduce carbon footprint and improve sustainability of livestock farming systems.My thesis aimed at investigating how animals can be made to ingest alternative feed resources containing higher amounts of Plant Secondary compounds (PSCs) than usual forages and concentrates. PSCs are present in agroindutrial by products and in the natural vegetation of rangelands in the Mediterranean area. They are often associated with anti-nutritive properties such as reduced palatability and protein digestion but can also have positive effects especially on health. Two systems of lamb meat production were investigated, namely stall-fed in Siciliy and pastoral in Morocco.
In the stall-fed system, we investigated the potential of replacing barley by two locally available agro industrial by- products containing polyphenols, namely carob pulp and dehydrated citrus pulp (DCP). The animals were 90 days of age Ccomisana lambs assessed during fattening. Food intake pattern and blood metabolic profile were monitored. It was found that ingestion of a diet containing 35% of carob pulp or DCP resulted in comparable performance, feed efficiency and carcass weight and yield as compared to animals ingesting a cereal based diet (control). The daily feed consumption pattern was markedly affected by the inclusion of carob pulp in the diet.Control group ate more than 40% of the whole daily intake in the first 90 min of feeding compared with only 33% in the carob groups but the overall feed intake was unchanged. The highest level of DCP inclusion in the diet also produced a different rate of feed consumption, as compared to the control group. In terms of blood metabolic profile, carob ingesting animals had lower cholesterol, higher urea and higher NEFA compared to the control whilst with DCP ingestion none of the parameters measured were affectedPertaining to the blood protein profile, carob pulp addition gave minor effects, only a tendency for the albumin to globulin (AG) ratio to rise has been observed; in the case of DCP inclusion in lambs diet, the serum albumin and the AG ratio was higher compared to the control; but the values were not a a level to cause metabolic distress.