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Academic literature on the topic 'Pasir language'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 29 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Pasir language"

Sudirman, A. M. "LANGUAGE KINSHIP BETWEEN KOMERING VARIATION AND LAMPUNG MENGGALA." SASDAYA: Gadjah Mada Journal of Humanities 3, no. 1 (February 28, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/sasdayajournal.43883.

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Artikel ini mengkaji kekerabatan Isolek Komering dan Lampung Menggala kedua isolek tersebut, secara kualitatif ditandai perbedaan dalam persamaan atau persamaan dalam perbedaan tuturan 'mutually intelligble' antarpenutur bahasa yang diperlihatkan oleh evidensi unsur bunyi [u]~[eu] pada ultima terbuka leksikon, pada kata [batu]~[batteu]; evidensi unsur bunyi [nt]~[tt] (homorgan~geminasi) pada posisi antar-vokal pada leksikon [bintaŋ]~[bittaŋ]; evidensi unsur pinjaman pada kata bermakna 'baru', 'pasir' menjadi inovasi [baReu] dan [pasiR]; dan secara diakronis telah terjadi inovasi [ampay]*~[ompay]'baru' dan [həni]*~[honi] 'pasir'. Sedangkan secara kuantitatif hasil kajian komparatif 200 kosa-kata Swadesh status isolek Komering dan bahasa Lampung merupakan bahasa kekerabatan 'language of family', kriteria Dialektometri, evidensi di atas merupakan perbedaan dialek dalam kelompok bahasa Lampung, karena hasil persentasi Isolek Komering-Menggala 82,16%, disokong oleh Crowley, bahwa hubungan tersebut, termasuk hubungan antar-dialek dalam satu bahasa

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Mayelnic, Chyntia, and Jufrizal Jufrizal. "The Dead Words of Minangkabaunese Found in Pasir Talang-Solok Selatan." English Language and Literature 11, no. 3 (September 14, 2022): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/ell.v11i3.119003.

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This article discusses Minangkabaunese language, especially dead words that occur in Pasir Talang, Solok Selatan, West Sumatra. There are many dead words or words that Pasir Talang society has forgotten. Language death can occur due to no longer utilized terms or dead words that occur on a daily. The purpose of this study was to find dead words in Pasir Talang-Solok Selatan. This research belonged to the descriptive qualitative approach in which the elaboration of data is presented in the form of explanations and groupings of data. The data source of this research is the dead words in Pasir Talang-Solok Selatan. Based on the result of the research, the researcher found 69 dead words out of a total of 179 words. There were four lexical classes of words found from 69 dead words, which are nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. The noun (72,5%) is the most emerging with various variations. This happened because the object was no longer found in existence, besides that the object was replaced with a more practical and modern item.

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Soifah, Mitsni. "Improving Indonesian Language Learning Results Through The Demonstration Method On The Materials to Find Vocabulary Related to Unhealthy Environment Class II SDN 01 Pasir." Social, Humanities, and Educational Studies (SHEs): Conference Series 3, no. 3 (November 26, 2020): 1090. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/shes.v3i3.46165.

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This study entitled "Improving Indonesian Language Learning Outcomes through demonstration methods of vocabulary materials related to the unsanitary environment of Class II SDN 01 Pasir". The purpose of this research is to improve student learning outcomes in Indonesian lessons. The research conducted was classroom action research (PTK). The stages are planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. As for the indicator of increasing the ability of class II SDN 01 Pasir students, it was shown the acquisition of scores in the pre-cycle with a percentage of 21.05% that had been completed. Then there was an improvement in learning cycle 1, it was shown that there was an increase with the percentage of 52.63% that had been completed, so the researcher carried out the second cycle by obtaining a significant increase with the percentage value of 97.3% that had been completed. The results show that the demonstration method can improve student learning outcomes, especially in class II Indonesian language lessons at SDN 01 Pasir.

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Lim Tyan Gin, Shaun, and Francesco Perono Cacciafoco. "From Pasir Ris to Pioneer: Singapore’s Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) names in relation to its identity." Onomastica 66 (2022): 147–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17651/onomast.66.11.

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This article examines the station names of 142 Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) stations across Singapore’s five fully operational MRT lines using primary sources (digitised newspapers, maps, and press releases) and secondary sources (scholarly research on Singapore place names and information from government agencies). There are two research objectives: firstly, to determine the common naming strategies of Singapore’s MRT station names, and secondly, to analyse features of Singapore’s socio-political and linguistic identity by studying these names. Common naming patterns of Singapore’s station names include associative names, where the station is named after nearby physical or man-made features; descriptive names, where the name describes a particular aspect of the area; and eponymous names, where the station is named after a famous person or entity. We argue that station names reflect the state’s language and socio-political policies and shed deeper light on some of the complex and contradictory forces at play in the nation’s linguistic and socio-political identity. Singapore’s language shift towards English is evident as English is frequently used to name stations, particularly among newer MRT lines, where the public can suggest and vote on station names. At the same time, there are toponyms in local languages like Malay that serve as indexes of localness of the area around the station, showing the cultural dimension that station names have as metaphors for the area’s history and heritage. Yet, Singapore’s pragmatic socio-political identity ultimately means that the practical, referential function of names takes precedence over the cultural functions of naming.

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Susanti, Rani, and Achiriah Achiriah. "Dinamika tradisi malem selikuran pada masyarakat Jawa di desa Tanjung Pasir Labuhanbatu Utara." Jurnal EDUCATIO: Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia 10, no. 1 (January 21, 2024): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.29210/1202423627.

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<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: Lustria; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-ID; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-ID">Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membahas Dinamika <span style="font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: Lustria; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="IN">Tradisi <span style="font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: Lustria; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Malem <span style="font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: Lustria; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-ID; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-ID">Selikuran <span style="font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: Lustria; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="IN">di Desa Tanjung Pasir Kecamatan Kualuh Selatan Labuhanbatu Utara<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: Lustria; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-ID; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-ID">, Provinsi Sumatera Utara dari tahun 2013-2023. Tradisi Malem Selikuran merupakan tradisi berdoa untuk menyambut malam Laitul Qadar, juga sebagai doa rasa syukur atas Khataman. <span style="font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Calisto MT','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Artikel<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: Lustria; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-ID; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-ID"> ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian sejarah, pengumpulan data penelitian ini diperoleh berdasarkan hasil wawancara dan observasi. Kebudayaan Jawa merupakan salah satu kebudayaan penting diantara kebudayaan daerah lainnya dalam kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara pada masa lampau dan saat ini. Dalam kebudayaan dan kehidupan Jawa terkandung nilai-nilai yang menjadi pedoman dan pegangan hidup masyarakat. <span style="font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: Lustria; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="IN">Salah satu budaya yang paling<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: Lustria; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-ID; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-ID"> yang paling terkenal bagi umat Islam Jawa yaitu Tradisi Malem Selikuran. <span style="font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: Lustria; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-ID; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-ID">Secara historis, tradisi ini mengingatkan kita bagaimana Islam dan budaya Jawa memiliki ciri khas integrasi dalam sejarah Islamisasi di Jawa, tradisi Malem Selikuran merupakan karya kreatif umat Islam di Jawa dalam rangka memberikan identitas pada komunitasnya.<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: Lustria; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-ID; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-ID">Berbagai ungkapan simbolis dalam tradisi <span style="font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: Lustria; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-ID; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-ID">Malem<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: Lustria; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-ID; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-ID"> Selikuran banyak mengandung nilai–nilai sosial budaya yang sudah terbukti sangat bermanfaat untuk menjaga keseimbangan, keselarasan kehidupan masyarakat dari waktu ke waktu.

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Setem, I. Wayan, Pande Made Sukerta, Sardono W. Kusomo, and Dwi M. Marianto. "Celeng Ngelumbar Metafor Penambangan Eksploitatif Pasir." Mudra Jurnal Seni Budaya 33, no. 2 (May 9, 2018): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.31091/mudra.v33i2.350.

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Aktivitas penambangan eksploitatif pasir di Kecamatan Selat telah memicu peningkatan pertumbuhan sektor ekonomi, namun masyarakat tampaknya tidak pernah sadar dengan dampak kerusakan lingkungan yang ditimbulkan. Fenomena penambangan eksploitatif pasir tersebut menjadi thema dan subject matter kekaryaan. Dari pengamatan mendalam pengkarya mendapat pemahaman dan insight yang menjadi pemicu proses kreatif. Problimatikanya dinyatakan ke dalam bentuk bahasa rupa menggunakan metode penyangatan/hiperbola. Untuk mewujudkan kekaryaan mengunakan metode pendekatan dan langkah-langkah kreatif melalui tahapan terstruktur, spontan dan intuitif. Metode ini telah menghasilkan elaborasi yang unik dari semua komponen imajirial sehingga melahirkan gagasan dan metafor yang kreatif. Karya-karya dibuat atau digagas di studio dan pindahkan ke, atau dirangkai di sekitar wilayah areal penambangan. Hubungan antara lokasi presentasi dan masyarakat mampu menjadi sebuah kekuatan tersendiri karena sesuai dengan konteks persoalan. Target kekaryaan tidak hanya sebagai ekspresi individual yang terbatas pada persoalan estetika namun menjadi cara atau alat untuk menyebrangkan (mengkampanyekan) isu lingkungan. Penciptaan seni adalah sebagai modus yang mampu untuk menginspirasi masyarakat agar tergugah secara kolektif maupun individual untuk berpartisipasi dalam upaya pelestarian eco-system.The exploitative sand mining in Selat District contributed to the economic growth; however, the local people were never aware that it had caused the environment to be degraded. The phenomenon of the exploitative sand mining is used as the theme and subject matter of an art creation. From what was observed by the artist, an insight into something contributed to a creative process. The problem was reflected in the form of language using the method of hyperbole. The art creation was created using the structured, spontaneous and intuitive creative steps and method which led to a unique elaboration of all the imaginary components and a creative metaphor and concept. The creation was designed in a studio before it was moved to or arranged around the mining area. The relation between the location of presentation and people could become a specific strength as it was in accordance with the context of the subject matter. The target of the art work did not only constitute an individual expression which was limited to the matter of common aesthetics but it was also used as the way of and the tool for transmitting (campaigning) an environmental issue. The art creation could be used to inspire people, as individuals and groups, to participate in the attempt made to preserve the eco-system

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Rahayu, Pipit, and Eripuddin Eripuddin. "The Illocutionary Speech Acts in Students’ Public Speaking." AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan 15, no. 1 (February 26, 2023): 834–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v15i1.3158.

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Public speaking is not only about sharing information but also about pointing out the speakers’ intentions. There is the meaning should be understood by the hearers. This study discusses the illocutionary speech acts in the students’ public speaking in English Department. This study aims to determine the types of illocutionary speech acts in a formative speech in the sixth semester of the English language education study program at Pasir Pengaraian University. This study was descriptive qualitative. The sample of this research was the sixth-semester students of the English education study program at Pasir Pengarain University. The samples were taken by using the total sample. There were 22 students. The data of this study were obtained using the listening and note-taking technique design about the meaning of utterances containing. The data were analyzed by using Austin's Theory. The result showed three illocutionary speech acts: ten assertiveness, eight directive, four declarative, three commissives, and ten expressive.

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Susanto, Dwi, Miftah Nugroho, and Rianna Wati. "Dunia Arab Saudi dan Islam dalam pandangan orang Indonesia: Narasi pekerja migran dalam novel Pelukis Gurun Pasir (2018) karya Fuad Abdurahman." Bahasa dan Seni: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Pengajarannya 49, no. 1 (February 27, 2021): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um015v49i12021p122.

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The world of Saudi Arabia and Islam in the perspectives of Indonesians: The narrative of migrant workers in Pelukis Gurun Pasir (2018) by Fuad AbdurahmanThe world of Saudi Arabia in the diaspora experiences of Fuad Abdurahman is written in a novel entitled Pelukis Gurun Pasir (2018). The problems discussed in this study are: (1) the position of subject or author in the narrative structure of the text, (2) the author's relationship with the country of origin, and (3) the voices that appear within the migrant subject in dealing with Saudi Arabian tradition. The theory used is diaspora poetics, which emphasizes the concept of language expression as part of the subject's identity. The object of the research is Pelukis Gurun Pasir (2018) and the author's response to traditions in Saudi Arabia. The data include the narrative structure of the novel’s text, the ideas in the text, the author's biography, and diaspora discourse or social situations. The results show that the image of Saudi Arabian society tends to be evaluated negatively by emphasizing on the chaotic sexuality description of Arabic men, making Saudi Arabia a masculine country. In addition, the author finds tolerant Islamic values in Indonesia, which causes his longing to return to Indonesia.Keywords: diaspora, atuhor, Saudi Arabia, narrative structureDunia Arab Saudi dan Islam dalam pandangan orang Indonesia: Narasi pekerja migran dalam novel Pelukis Gurun Pasir (2018) karya Fuad AbdurahmanDunia Arab Saudi dalam pengalaman diaspora Fuad Abdurahman dituliskan dalam Pelukis Gurun Pasir (2018). Masalah yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) posisi subjek atau pengarang dalam tata naratif teks (2) hubungan pengarang dengan negeri asal, dan (3) suara-suara yang muncul dalam diri subjek migran dalam menghadapi tradisi Arab Saudi. Teori yang digunakan adalah puitika diaspora yang menekan pada konsep ekpresi bahasa sebagai bagian dari identitas subjek. Objek kajian penelitian adalah novel Pelukis Gurun Pasir (2018) dan tanggapan pengarang terhadap tradisi di Arab Saudi. Data yang digunakan adalah tata naratif teks novel, gagasan yang muncul dalam teks, riwayat pengarang, dan wacana diaspora atau situasi sosial. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa citra masyarakat Arab Saudi cenderung dinilai secara negatif dengan menekankan pada deskripsi seksualitas yang kacau dari laki-laki Arab sehingga Arab Saudi adalah negeri maskulin. Selain itu, pengarang justru menemukan nilai-nilai keislaman yang toleran berada di Indonesia sehingga pengarang merindukan pulang ke Indonesia.Kata Kunci: diaspora, pengarang, Arab Saudi, tata naratif

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Wardiah Aryanti, Linawati Novikasari, Setiawati Setiawati, Dewi Kusuma Ningsih, Riska Wandini, Elpi Ulandari, Taufik Sofa, et al. "Deteksi Perkembangan Anak Dengan DDST (Denver Development Screening Test) Di Poskeskel Pasir Gintung." JURNAL PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA 3, no. 1 (January 27, 2024): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.55606/jpmi.v3i1.3444.

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Introduction: The toddler years mark an important phase of fundamental growth that significantly shapes and influences a child's subsequent development. During this period, children's brains experience rapid growth which is often called the Golden Age. This phase is very important, so it requires careful attention to the child's growth and development to detect abnormalities as early as possible. Data collected at the Pasir Gintung Health Post shows that there were 12 children aged 2-4 years.Objectives: The main objectives include increasing parents' understanding in monitoring children's development, providing education regarding screening methods using the DDST approach, and actively monitoring children's development using the DDST method.Method: This Community Service was carried out using DDST (Denver Development Screening Test) measurements at the Pasir Gintung Health Post on Friday 5 January 2024. Results: The results of the DDST examination on 12 children showed that 10 children (83.4%) were declared normal, while 2 children (16.6%) had suspected development. Evaluation of children's overall growth and development includes gross motor skills, fine motor skills, speech, language, socialization and independence.Conclusion: These findings underline the important role of parental involvement in facilitating early detection of children's growth and development activities. Implementing a collaborative approach ensures that children's growth and development is a shared responsibility between parents and educators. It is very important for parents to be actively involved in monitoring their child's progress, encouraging the development of four main aspects: personal-social, adaptive-fine motor, language, and gross motor skills.

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Mohd Sah, Muhammad Firdaus, and Sharifah Raihan Syed Jaafar. "Strategi Adaptasi Kata Pinjaman dalam Bahasa Bugis: Koresponden-OO." GEMA Online® Journal of Language Studies 21, no. 3 (August 30, 2021): 52–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/gema-2021-2103-04.

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Sebagai masyarakat minoriti di Malaysia, masyarakat Bugis cenderung menyerap masuk leksikal daripada bahasa lain khususnya daripada masyarakat tempatan di kawasan mereka akibat daripada proses asimilasi yang berlaku. Justeru, kajian ini dilakukan untuk menjawab persoalan: (1) bagaimana strategi adaptasi kata pinjaman yang digunakan dalam penyerapan leksikal asing ke dalam bahasa Bugis, dan (2) bagaimana strategi adaptasi yang berlaku itu dapat dijelaskan menggunakan pendekatan Koresponden-OO yang dibangunkan dalam teori Optimaliti. Data telah dikumpulkan melalui kaedah lapangan dan temu bual dengan menggunakan instrumen borang soal selidik, daftar kata.dan alat rakaman.Kajian lapangan dijalankan di Pontian dan Pasir Gudang, Johor serta di Klang, Selangor. Seramai 144 informan daripada tiga kumpulan umur, iaitu warga muda, warga dewasa dan warga tua terlibat dalam menjawab soal selidik dan daftar kata. Hasil dapatan menunjukkan lapan strategi adaptasi kata pinjaman digunakan dalam bahasa Bugis, iaitu peleburan, pengguguran, penggantian segmen, epentesis, perendahan vokal, penggantian nasal, pembentukan hentian glotis dan geminasi. Analisis Koresponden-OO menunjukkan sifat bahasa Bugis yang tidak bertoleransi dengan nahu asing dengan melarang penyerapan penuh leksikal asing yang dipinjam. Hal ini dapat dilihat pada keperluan mematuhi kekangan kebertandaan *LEKSIKAL SAMA yang mendominasi kekangan-kekangan lain dalam tatatingkat nahu bahasa Bugis. Hasil kajian ini dapat membekalkan input kepada aspek bahasa masyarakat Bugis di Malaysia yang telah dikesampingkan sebelum ini, dan berjaya menunjukkan kemampuan Koresponden-OO dalam menjelaskan isu kata pinjaman tanpa mengingkari konsep penting teori Optimaliti, iaitu Keselarian. Kata Kunci: kata pinjaman; strategi adaptasi; bahasa Bugis; teori Optimaliti; Koresponden-OO ABSTRACT As a minority community in Malaysia, the Bugis community tends to utilise lexical items from other languages, particularly from local languages as a result of the assimilation process that took place. Thus, this study was conducted to answer the following questions: (1) how are the loanword adaptation strategies used in absorbing foreign language lexical items into the Bugis language, and (2) how can these adaptation strategies be explained by using the Correspondence-OO approach developed in Optimality theory. Data were collected through field methods and interviews using questionnaire, word list and recording. The field studies were conducted in Pontian and Pasir Gudang, Johor as well as in Klang, Selangor. A total of 144 informants from three age groups, namely among the youth, adults and the elderly who were involved in answering the questionnaire and wordlist. The results revealed that eight loanword adaptation strategies were used in Bugis language, namely fusion, deletion, segment substitution, epenthesis, vowel reduction, nasal substitution, glottal stop formation and gemination. The Correspondence-OO analysis showed an element of Bugis language which is intolerant of foreign grammars by prohibiting the full absorption of borrowed foreign lexical items. This can be observed from the needs to comply with a markedness constraint *SAME LEXICAL, that dominates other constraints in the grammar of the Bugis language. The findings of the study can shed input on the language aspects of the Bugis community in Malaysia that were previously excluded. In addition, it has successfully demonstrated the capability of Correspondence-OO in explaining the issue of loanwords without denying the important concept of Optimality theory, namely Parallelism. Keywords: loanword; adaptation strategy; Bugis language; Optimality theory; Correspondence-OO

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pasir language"

Ulloa, Iván de Jesús Davis. "The –Ing construction in the language pair English/Spanish: radiality and subjectification." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2018. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/6684.

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O objetivo do presente trabalho é identificar, descrever e analisar a construção –ING no par linguístico inglês/espanhol. A construção exibe uma série de usos na língua inglesa e ensiná-la ou traduzi-la para usuários de outras línguas impõe alguns desafios. No caso de falantes de língua espanhola como público alvo, a maioria tende a interpretar a construção como sendo verbal, no aspecto progressivo, o que representa apenas uma função da construção. No tocante ao referencial teórico, a pesquisa é baseada no trabalho de Langacker (1987, 1990, 1991, 2006, 2008) com o intuito de investigar o uso da construção. A Teoria dos Protótipos (ROSCH, 1973), as Categorias Radiais (BRUGMAN, 1981; LAKOFF, 1987), e a Gramática das Construções (FILLMORE & KAY, 1999; GOLDBERG, 1995, 2006), além da abordagem semântica sobre a construção –ING (WIERZBICKA, 1988), serão essenciais para a descrição da construção sob uma perspectiva conceptual. Com relação à metodologia, assume-se uma abordagem tanto quantitativa quanto qualitativa dos dados (COOK, T.D. & REICHARDT, C.S., 1979; RICHARDSON, R. J.,1985; CRESWELL, J., 2010), compilados a partir de um corpus bilíngue paralelo no par linguístico Inglês/Espanhol, de 1199 ocorrências da construção –ING. A hipótese central do estudo é que a construção, em sua função verbal progressiva, é mais central ou prototípica (ROSCH, 1973) em relação à sua rede construcional, envolvendo outras funções, quais sejam, nominal, adjetival e adverbial. Essas funções, por sua vez, assumem posições mais periféricas e se relacionam com a função verbal por meio de relações de extensão metafórica (GOLDBERG, 1995, 2006). Argumenta-se, então, que essas relações estabelecem um continuum entre as funções, variando de um nível mais concreto, mais ancorado no contexto de fala a um nível mais abstrato, mais subjetificado (LANGACKER, 1990). Por meio de uma análise baseada em corpus (BERBER SARDINHA, 2002, 2004) argumenta-se, por fim, que existe uma organização radial (BRUGMAN, 1981; LAKOFF, 1987) para a construção –ING, que passa de um domínio mais concreto, mais situado ou “ancorado” no evento de fala e se torna, assim, mais objetificado (como “processo”) a um domínio mais abstrato, menos situado, menos ancorado no evento de fala e, portanto, mais subjetificado (como “coisa”) (LANGACKER, 2008).
The aim of this dissertation is to identify, describe and analyze the –ING construction from the English language. The –ING construction has a number of uses in the English language and either teaching or translating it to speakers of other languages poses some challenges. In the case of having Spanish speakers as audience, most of them tend to interpret the construction as a verbal one, in the progressive aspect, which is only one function of the construction. As for the theoretical framework, we chiefly based our research on Langacker’s work (1987, 1990, 1991, 2008) in order to account for this construction. We also rely on Prototype Theory (ROSCH, 1973), Radial Categories (BRUGMAN, 1981; LAKOFF, 1987), and Construction Grammar (FILLMORE & KAY, 1999; GOLDBERG, 1995, 2006), apart from a semantic approach to the –ING construction (WIERZBICKA, 1988), which will be essential for describing the –ING construction from a conceptual perspective. In regard to methodology we take both a quantitative and qualitative approach to data (COOK, T.D. & REICHARDT, C.S., 1979; RICHARDSON, R.J., 1985; CRESWELL, J., 2010) compiled from an English/Spanish parallel corpus of 1199 verbal –ING occurrences. Our main hypothesis is that the –ING construction, in its verbal function, is more central or prototypical (ROSCH, 1973) in respect to its conceptual network and its other functions, namely nominal, adjectival and adverbial. These functions, in turn, exhibit a more peripheral role and are linked to the verbal function through metaphorical extension relationships (GOLDBERG, 1995, 2006). These relationships, we argue, establish a continuum between these functions, going from the most or more grounded level up to the most abstract, subjectified level. By performing a corpus-based analysis of the data (BERBER-SARDINHA, 2002, 2004) we finally argue that there is a radial organization (BRUGMAN, 1981; LAKOFF, 1987) for the –ING construction, which goes from a more concrete level, being this more situated or “grounded” (LANGACKER, 1987, 1990, 1991, 2008) and thus more objectified (as a “here and now process”), until it gets to a more abstract level, therefore, less situated and more subjectified (taken as a “thing”) (LANGACKER, 2008).

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Gil, Berrio Yohana. "PAIR INTERACTION IN SPANISH LANGUAGE CLASSROOMS THAT ENROLL HERITAGE AND L2 LEARNERS." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2019. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/564163.

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Spanish
Ph.D.
A growing number of studies has shown that collaborative writing tasks facilitate second language (L2) development by providing learners with opportunities to focus their attention on language and to collaborate in the solution of their language-related problems (e.g., Choi & Iwashita, 2016; Storch, 2013; Swain & Lapkin, 1998; Williams, 2012). However, most of these studies have focused almost exclusively on L2 learners, and particularly on English as a second language learners. In an effort to address this gap and drawing from a sociocultural framework, this study investigated the interactions of Spanish heritage language (HL) learners and Spanish L2 learners enrolled in the same class. Twenty-four intermediate-level learners of Spanish, organized in four HL-HL, four HL-L2, and four L2-L2 dyads, participated in the study. As part of their regular class work, they completed four collaborative writing tasks in pairs. Participants were also asked to individually complete a pretest and two posttests. The tasks and tests were intended to elicit the present subjunctive in nominal and adjectival clauses. The interactions between each pair were recorded and coded for the nature of the relationships the learners formed (Storch, 2002) and the quantity and quality of learners’ deliberations about language choice, using Language Related Episodes (LREs) (Swain & Lapkin, 1998) as units of analysis. Results showed that the most common type of patterns of interaction the learners developed was collaboration. Moreover, three pairs displayed a dominant/passive pattern of interaction and two pairs an expert/novice pattern. Results also indicated that overall, participants produced slightly more LREs focused on form than LREs focused on lexis. Furthermore, results showed that whereas all pairs produced morphosyntactic LREs, they were more frequent in HL-L2 dyads. Lexical LREs occurred more often in L2-L2 dyads, and orthographic LREs occurred only in HL-HL dyads. With regards to learning gains, results revealed that six participants obtained high scores in all tests and did not show a score change from pretest to delayed posttest. Five of these participants were identified as HL learners. However, data also showed that 16 participants scored higher on their delayed posttest than they did on their pretest. Overall, considering that most dyads developed a collaborative pattern of interaction and achieved learning gains after task-based interaction, the data suggest that despite the differences in linguistic and cultural backgrounds, learners in mixed and matched pairs provided assistance to one another and produced LREs associated with the target structure. These findings have important pedagogical implications and thus, future studies need to investigate the best practices for teaching HL and L2 learners simultaneously and the types of tasks that encourage collaboration.
Temple University--Theses

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Satō, Tetsuya. "Learner interaction during pair communication activities in university Japanese as a foreign language classrooms /." view abstract or download file of text, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p1397798.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Oregon, 1999.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 162-167). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users. Address: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p1397798.

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De, Gonzalez Lucia. "Reflexive passives in Spanish according to arc pair grammar." Virtual Press, 1985. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/421948.

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This paper proposes a diachronic and synchronic analysis of the extensive use of se in Spanish reflexive and passive constructions with se being discussed in relation to the Unaccusative Hypothesis in Arc Pair Grammar.Universals in Arc Pair Grammar, namely the Unaccusative Law, the 1-Advancement Exclusiveness Law and the Final 1-Arc Law will account for the similarities and differences, first between English and Spanish predicates; and second, between ordinary reflexive constructions and reflexive passive constructions.Evidence from Spanish, primarily synchronic, is presented to analyze reflexive constructions that come from an initial unaccusative stratum. A parallel between these constructions and reflexive passives is established to demonstrate that unaccusative predicates and reflexive passive constructions are very closely related.Diachronically the paper claims that there is a logical and clear evolution of se based on corefentiality, anaphoric chains, unspecified arguments, and self-erasing ghost arcs.Finally this paper attempts to explain why in some instances the predicate will not exhibit agreement with the corresponding nominal. The Chomeur relation and the introduction of ghost arcs according to Arc Pair Grammar Laws and Theorems will provide the basis for this explanation.

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Storch, Neomy. "An investigation into the nature of pair work in an ESL /." Online version, 2001. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/32997.

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Antoine, Emilien. "Distributed data management with a declarative rule-based language webdamlog." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00933808.

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Our goal is to enable aWeb user to easily specify distributed data managementtasks in place, i.e. without centralizing the data to a single provider. Oursystem is therefore not a replacement for Facebook, or any centralized system,but an alternative that allows users to launch their own peers on their machinesprocessing their own local personal data, and possibly collaborating with Webservices.We introduce Webdamlog, a datalog-style language for managing distributeddata and knowledge. The language extends datalog in a numberof ways, notably with a novel feature, namely delegation, allowing peersto exchange not only facts but also rules. We present a user study thatdemonstrates the usability of the language. We describe a Webdamlog enginethat extends a distributed datalog engine, namely Bud, with the supportof delegation and of a number of other novelties of Webdamlog such as thepossibility to have variables denoting peers or relations. We mention noveloptimization techniques, notably one based on the provenance of facts andrules. We exhibit experiments that demonstrate that the rich features ofWebdamlog can be supported at reasonable cost and that the engine scales tolarge volumes of data. Finally, we discuss the implementation of a Webdamlogpeer system that provides an environment for the engine. In particular, a peersupports wrappers to exchange Webdamlog data with non-Webdamlog peers.We illustrate these peers by presenting a picture management applicationthat we used for demonstration purposes.

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Cornea, Bogdan Florin. "Prédiction de performances d’applications de calcul distribué exécutées sur une architecture pair-à-pair." Thesis, Besançon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BESA2012/document.

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Dans le domaine du calcul de haute performance, les architectures d’exécution sont en continuelle évolution. L’augmentation du nombre de nœuds de calcul, ou le choix d’une topologie réseau plus rapide représentent un investissement important tant en temps qu’en moyen financier. Les méthodes de prédiction de performances permettent de guider ce choix. En parallèle à ce développement, les systèmes HPC pair-à-pair (P2P) se sont également développés ces dernières années. Ce type d’architecture hétérogène permettrait la résolution des problèmes scientifiques pour un coût très faible par rapport au coût d’une architecture dédiée.Ce manuscrit présente une méthode nouvelle de prédiction de performances pour les applications réelles de calcul distribué, exécutées dans des conditions réelles. La prédiction prend en compte l’optimisation du compilateur. Les résultats sont extrapolables et ils sont obtenus pour un ralentissement réduit. Ce travail de recherche est implémenté dans un logiciel nouveau nommé dPerf. dPerf est capable de prédire les performances des applications C, C++ ou Fortran qui communiquent en utilisant les normes MPI ou P2P-SAP et qui s’exécutent sur une architecture cible pair à pair, hétérogène et décentralisée. La précision de cette contribution a été étudiée sur (i) la transformée Laplace, pour l’aspect séquentiel, (ii) le benchmark IS de NAS, pour l’aspect MPI, (iii) et le code de l’obstacle pour l’aspect calcul P2P décentralisé et l’extrapolation du nombre de nœuds
In the field of high performance computing, the architectures evolve continuously. In order to increase the number of computing nodes or the network speed, an important investment must be considered, from both temporal and financial point of view. Performance prediction methods aim at assisting in finding the best trade-off for such an investment. At the same time, P2P HPC systems have known an increase in development. These heterogeneous architectures would allow solving scientific problems at a low cost, with respect to dedicated systems.The manuscript presents a new method for performance prediction. This method applies to real applications for distributed computing, considered in a real execution environment. This method uses information about the different compiler optimization levels. The prediction results are obtained with reduced slowdown and are scalable. This thesis took shape in the development of the dPerf tool. dPerf predicts the performances of C, C++, and Fortran application, which use MPI or P2P-SAP to communicate. The applications modeled by dPerf are meant for execution on P2P heterogeneous architectures, with a decentralized communication topology. The accuracy of dPerf has been studied on three applications: (i) the Laplace transform, for sequential codes, (ii) the NAS Integer Sort benchmark for distributed MPI programs, (iii) and the obstacle problem, for the decentralized P2P computing and the scaling of the number of computing nodes

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Neergaard, Morten Minde. "CLIRch, an extensible open source framework for query translation : evaluated for use on the Norwegian/Spanish language pair." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for datateknikk og informasjonsvitenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-18357.

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CLIR, Cross-Lingual Information Retrieval, is a field of research that can behighly useful in web search and for several other applications. Extensiveresearch has been done on possible CLIR implementations, but as of yet thereare no open source frameworks or applications readily available. The thesisfocuses on building such a framework and evaluating it for use on theNorwegian/Spanish language pair.The framework implemented uses query translation to submit queries to existinginformation retrieval (IR) implementations, and the framework itself holds nolow-level IR algorithms. Experiments were performed on a small parallel corpusof Norwegian and Spanish texts, using the Xapian and PostgreSQL IRimplementations. A comprehensive comparison of possible configurations wasdone, and certain measures were shown to be effective when searching fordocuments in either language.The framework is implemented in a modular architecture, allowing the suggestedadditions and amendments to be implemented as add-on components. This is themain intent of the framework, and eases the process of building support foradditional languages as well. For easing the adoption of the framework,additional components and data may be beneficial.Some improvements are also possible for the tested language pair, throughobtaining larger data sets or implementing certain language specificalgorithms. Of particular interest is implementing effective decompounding ofNorwegian compound words and phrase translation support. Suggestions are alsomade for how the system can be used to perform CLIR tasks in other languages.

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Morrow, William Judson. "¿Qué va a pasar en el Buckeye State? Pasos hacia inglés como idioma oficial /." Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1211931412.

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Fayçal, Marguerite. "Routage efficace pour les réseaux pair-à-pair utilisant des tables de hachage distribuées." Phd thesis, Paris, Télécom ParisTech, 2010. https://pastel.hal.science/pastel-00521935.

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Ce mémoire est une synthèse de nos travaux de recherche menés à Orange Labs (France Télécom R&D) pour répondre à une problématique identifiée par ledit opérateur concernant les flux d’échanges en mode P2P. La montée en puissance du P2P exige de nouveaux systèmes satisfaisant tant les usagers que les opérateurs de réseaux. Les premiers cherchent en permanence une bonne QoS. Les seconds aspirent à l’optimisation de l’usage du réseau et à la réduction des différents coûts d’opération et de maintenance. D’où l’intérêt de cette thèse qui vise à sensibiliser un réseau P2P au réseau IP sous-jacent afin d’aboutir à un système de routage efficace. Nos travaux se focalisent sur les systèmes utilisant des DHTs, après les avoir étudiées et analysées. Ce mémoire commence par une analyse des principaux protocoles de découverte de ressources dynamiques dans les différentes architectures P2P. Les exigences requises pour un routage P2P efficace sont par la suite établies. Il s’en suit une présentation des techniques de génération de l’information de proximité sous-jacente, ainsi que des techniques et principaux systèmes d’exploitation de cette information. Nos travaux de recherche ont abouti à la définition, la conception, la spécification et l’analyse individuelle et comparative de deux systèmes : CAP (Context-Aware P2P system) et NETPOPPS (NETwork Provider Oriented P2P System). Le premier système est sensible au contexte et introduit une sémantique dans les identifiants des pairs et des objets. Le second système est orienté opérateur de réseau, et adapte les flux P2P à la topologie sous-jacente et aux politiques de l’opérateur, tout en simplifiant la gestion des différents identifiants
This dissertation is a synthesis of our research at Orange Labs (formerly France Telecom R&D) to answer a problem identified by the aforesaid network operator and concerning peer-to-peer (P2P) streams. The rise of P2P requires new systems to meet the needs of users, but also those of ISPs and other network operators. The former seek permanently quite noticeable high QoS; the latter aim to optimize the use of network resources and to reduce various operations’ and management costs. Hence the interest of this thesis, that aims to let a P2P network be aware of its underlying IP network in order to achieve a system with an efficient routing mechanism that leads to a win-win situation. Our research focuses on systems based on distributed hash tables (DHT), that we study and analyze first. This dissertation begins with an analysis of the main protocols for discovery of dynamic resources in the different P2P architectures. The requirements for efficient P2P routing are then established. Afterwards, discovery techniques for generating and providing underlay network proximity information are presented, followed by techniques and main systems that exploit such information. Our research led to the definition, design, specification and both individual and comparative analysis of two systems: CAP (Context-Aware P2P system) and NETPOPPS (Network Provider Oriented P2P System). The former introduces semantics in the identifiers of peers and objects and is context-aware. The latter simplifies the management of the different identifiers and is network operator oriented: it enables cooperation between P2P traffic and the underlay’s network operator (its policies and network topology)

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Books on the topic "Pasir language"

Ibrahim, Sjahrial S. A. R. Kamus bahasa Indonesia-Pasir. Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 1997.

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Saidat, Dahlan, and Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa., eds. Struktur bahasa Melayu Riau dialek Pasir Pangaraian. [Jakarta]: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 1990.

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Steblin-Kamenskiĭ, I. M. I︠A︡zyki i ėtnografii︠a︡ "kryshi mira": "Roof of the world" languages and ethnography. Sankt-Peterburg: Peterburgskoe vostokovedenie, 2005.

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Watcyn-Jones, Peter. Pair Work. London: Penguin, 2002.

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Palmer, Adrian S. Back & forth: Pair activities for language development. Hayward, Calif: Alemany Press, 1985.

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Palmer, Adrian S. Back & forth: Pair activities for language development. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Alemany Press, 1985.

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Mahmood, Abdul Hamid. Ayat pasif bahasa Melayu. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, Kementerian Pendidikan, Malaysia, 1992.

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Rahardja, Prathama. Kamus pasar uang dan modal. Jakarta, Indonesia: Lembaga Penerbit, Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Indonesia, 1989.

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Sjamsul, Arifin, and Proyek Pembinaan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia dan Daerah Pusat (Indonesia), eds. Kalimat pasif dalam bahasa Jawa. Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 1999.

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Qāsimī, Masʻūd. Farhang-i maṣādir-i zabānhā va gūyishʹhā-yi Īrānī-i Tājīkistān: Farḣangi masodiri zabonḣo va gūĭishḣoi Ėronii Tojikiston. Dūshanbah: Pizhūhishgāh-i Farhang-i Fārsī-Tājīkī, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Pasir language"

Klimas, Janina. "Pair Work and Speaking." In Building Proficiency for World Language Learners, 118–52. New York: Eye on Education, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032622507-12.

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Hu, Zhenyu, Ming Liu, Yin Wu, Jiexin Xu, Bing Qin, and JinLong Li. "Document-Level Event Subject Pair Recognition." In Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing, 283–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60450-9_23.

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Neveu, Anne, and Isabel Lacruz. "Chapter 11. Early processes in reading for translation." In American Translators Association Scholarly Monograph Series, 236–56. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ata.xx.11nev.

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Synonyms in a target language are a source of ambiguity in translation production. This ambiguity can be quantified by the translation entropy metric and used to assess predictions by different models on the time course of target language activation in the translation process. Aggregated data from several language pairs and translation modalities reveal a correlation between translation entropy and eye tracking metrics, providing evidence of early target language activation during translation tasks. We examine published data from CRITT to investigate whether this correlation remains present in the single Spanish-English language pair. We confirm previous findings when all translation modalities are aggregated, but present evidence that early target language activation may vary across different translation modalities in the Spanish-English language pair.

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Dodykhudoeva, Leyli. "Categorization of Minor Pamir Languages in Tajikistan." In Minority Languages from Western Europe and Russia, 81–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24340-1_7.

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Fuhs, Carsten, and Cynthia Kop. "A Static Higher-Order Dependency Pair Framework." In Programming Languages and Systems, 752–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17184-1_27.

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Indyk, Piotr, Moshe Lewenstein, Ohad Lipsky, and Ely Porat. "Closest Pair Problems in Very High Dimensions." In Automata, Languages and Programming, 782–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-27836-8_66.

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Bílková, Marta, Petr Cintula, and Tomáš Lávička. "Lindenbaum and Pair Extension Lemma in Infinitary Logics." In Logic, Language, Information, and Computation, 130–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-57669-4_7.

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Zhang, Peng, Deqiang Ouyang, Chunlin Jiang, and Jie Shao. "Language Person Search with Pair-Based Weighting Loss." In MultiMedia Modeling, 227–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67832-6_19.

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Hobbs, James. "Interactive Lexical Phrases in Pair Interview Tasks." In Teachers Exploring Tasks in English Language Teaching, 143–56. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230522961_13.

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Umbach, Carla, and Helmar Gust. "Grading Similarity." In Language, Cognition, and Mind, 365–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50200-3_17.

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AbstractThere are numerous words across languages expressing similarity or indistinguishability. In this paper, three types of similarity expressions in German and English are compared—ähnlich/similar, so/such, and gleich/same. They differ in a number of respects, one of them being gradability: While ähnlich/similar are gradable, so/such as well as gleich/same are not. The analysis in this paper starts from the analysis of German so as a demonstrative expressing similarity (instead of identity) to its demonstration target (Umbach and Gust 2014). It is suggested that the meaning of the three types of similarity expressions is based on a common similarity relation, while differences in meaning are provided by constraints referring to the selection of dimensions of comparison and preconditions of usage. The focus of the paper is on gradability and on the question of what it means for a pair of items to be more similar than another pair. An analysis in the spirit of Klein (1980) is presented accounting for the fact that ähnlich/similar are gradable while neither so/such nor gleich/same are. The formal framework makes use of representations based on attribute spaces and classifiers, where representations may be of different granularity.

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Conference papers on the topic "Pasir language"

Bakhronova, Dilrabo, and Umida Djalilova. "English Language and Uzbek Students: A Linguocultural Point." In The First Pamir Transboundary Conference for Sustainable Societies- | PAMIR. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0012482200003792.

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Bakhronova, Dilrabo, and Iroda Turamuratova. "Metaphorical Competence in the Context of Spanish Language Education." In The First Pamir Transboundary Conference for Sustainable Societies- | PAMIR. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0012480300003792.

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Abidova, Ziyoda, and Uktam Djalalov. "The Importance of Personal Tolerance in Learning a Foreign Language." In The First Pamir Transboundary Conference for Sustainable Societies- | PAMIR. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0012476300003792.

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H, Manodnya K., and Animesh Giri. "Orthographic Syllable Pair Encoding for Language modelling tasks in Indic Languages." In 2023 IEEE MIT Undergraduate Research Technology Conference (URTC). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/urtc60662.2023.10534970.

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Sreedeepa, H. S., and Sumam Mary Idicula. "Neural Network Based Machine Translation Systems for Low Resource Languages: A Review." In 2nd International Conference on Modern Trends in Engineering Technology and Management. AIJR Publisher, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.160.43.

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Machine translation of documents into regional languages has important role nowadays. Deep neural networks are used in neural machine translation (NMT), which is the process of converting a set of words from one source language to some other. It is a neural network-based, fully automated translation technique. Instead of just translating a word on its own, NMT takes into account the context in which a word is used to produce more accurate translation. Instead of starting with a set of established rules, the neural network in neural machine translation is in charge of encoding and decoding the source text. MT has several advantages as compared to the traditional translation techniques and approaches. Critical analysis of different approaches used for machine translation of low resource languages were done here. Deep learning based machine translation systems, transformer learning, transfer learning techniques are some of them. After the study it is concluded that nowadays NMTs developed by taking the advantages of Deep neural networks and transfer learning approaches. Gives better accuracy than other systems. Though it is a tedious task to convert one or multiple languages to another language with 100% of accuracy as manual translation, the machine translation systems developed with these techniques can score a remarkable accuracy. As there is a lack of large parallel corpora for most of the Indian languages, the translation process become more tedious. The role of transfer learning comes in this point. Transfer learning can improve translation of low resource languages, as it can use prior knowledge in translation of a separate language pair in machine translation. This is a work done for developing a translation system for low resource language pair like Sanskrit and Malayalam. There’re very less research works done in Sanskrit and Malayalam machine translation.

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Kubon, Vladislav, and Jernej Vicic. "A Comparison of MT Methods for Closely Related Languages: a Case Study on Czech - Slovak Language Pair." In Proceedings of the EMNLP'2014 Workshop on Language Technology for Closely Related Languages and Language Variants. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-4212.

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Indika Devi, Maibam, and Bipul Syam Purkayastha. "An Analysis of Phrase based SMT for English to Manipuri Language." In 9th International Conference on Foundations of Computer Science & Technology (CST 2022). Academy and Industry Research Collaboration Center (AIRCC), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2022.121904.

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Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) is one ruling approach adopted for developing major translation systems today. Here, we report a phrase-based SMT system from English to Manipuri. The variance in the structure and morphology between English and Manipuri languages and the lack of resources for Manipuri languages pose a significant challenge in developing an MT system for the language pair. In comparison, English has poor morphology and SVO structure and belongs to the Indo-European family. Manipuri language has richer morphology and SOV structure and belongs to the Sino-Tibetan family. Manipuri has two scripts- Bengali script and Meitei script. Here the Bengali script is used for developing the system. Our system uses the Moses toolkit. We train and test the system using the tourism, agriculture and entertainment corpus. Further, we use the BLEU metric to evaluate the systems' performance.

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Bing, Jiang, Song Yan, and Dai Li-Rong. "Exploiting language cluster information for language pair identification." In 2012 International Conference on Audio, Language and Image Processing (ICALIP). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icalip.2012.6376762.

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Acharya, Praveen, and Bal Krishna Bal. "A Comparative Study of SMT and NMT: Case Study of English-Nepali Language Pair." In The 6th Intl. Workshop on Spoken Language Technologies for Under-Resourced Languages. ISCA: ISCA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/sltu.2018-19.

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Golubeva, V. "ON THE ISSUE OF PRESERVING ASPECTUAL SEMANTICS OF VERBS IN DEVERBATIVES OF THE RUSSIAN AND BELARUSIAN LANGUAGES." In Actual issues of Slavic grammar and lexis. LCC MAKS Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m4102.978-5-317-07174-5/58-71.

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The article analyzes verbal nouns of the Russian and Belarusian languages with the transpositional suffix Russian -nij(e) , Belarusian -nn(e) from the point of possibility preserving the aspectual verb semantics - perfective aspect and imperfective aspect. Pairs like Russian peregruppirovanie - peregruppirovyvanie , Belarusian rasfarbavanne - rasfarbouvanne are revealed, the «reliability» of the imperfective indicator of the second member of the pair is approved. Language means capable of marking the perfectiveness and imperfectiveness of Russian and Belarusian deverbatives are identified.

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