Journal articles: 'Partitioning of soil respiration'

1

Skinner, R. Howard. "Partitioning Soil Respiration during Pasture Regrowth." Crop Science 53, no. 4 (July 2013): 1791–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2012.10.0572.

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Jovani-Sancho, A. Jonay, Thomas Cummins, and Kenneth A. Byrne. "Soil respiration partitioning in afforested temperate peatlands." Biogeochemistry 141, no. 1 (September 12, 2018): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10533-018-0496-0.

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Neogi, S., P. K. Dash, P. Bhattacharyya, S. R. Padhy, K. S. Roy, and A. K. Nayak. "Partitioning of total soil respiration into root, rhizosphere and basal-soil CO2 fluxes in contrasting rice production systems." Soil Research 58, no. 6 (2020): 592. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr20006.

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Soil respiration contributes significantly to ecosystem respiration and is vital in the context of climate change research. In a season-long experiment we studied total soil respiration (TSR) and its partitioning into root respiration, rhizospheric respiration (RhR) and basal-soil respiration in four contrasting rice production systems: irrigated lowland (IL) (cv. Gayatri); organic nutrient managed irrigated lowland (OIL) (cv. Geetanjali); system of rice intensification (SRI) (cv. Swarna); and aerobic rice system (Aerobic) (cv. APO). We considered TSR to be the sum of root respiration, RhR and basal-soil respiration. Irrespective of the rice production system, TSR was higher at panicle initiation stage. Considering all four systems, the RhR contributed the most (59–83%) and basal-soil respiration the least (10–19%) to the TSR. Mean RhR showed the trend of Aerobic > SRI > IL > OIL across the growing seasons and indicated higher rhizosphere activities in the aerobic system. Mean root respiration showed a trend of IL > OIL > SRI > Aerobic and mean basal-soil respiration had SRI > IL > OIL > Aerobic. Soil labile carbon pools and heterotrophic populations were higher in OIL and dehydrogenase activity was higher in SRI. Microbial biomass carbon, readily mineralisable carbon, dehydrogenase activity and the heterotroph population showed positive correlations with RhR. Hence, regulation of RhR is crucial and can be achieved through rhizosphere modifications linked with labile carbon pools and soil enzymatic activities by plant physiological modification or through soil carbon stabilisation.

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Baggs, E. M. "Partitioning the components of soil respiration: a research challenge." Plant and Soil 284, no. 1-2 (June 2006): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-006-0047-7.

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Comeau, Louis-Pierre, Derrick Y. F. Lai, Jane Jinglan Cui, and Jenny Farmer. "Separation of soil respiration: a site-specific comparison of partition methods." SOIL 4, no. 2 (June 5, 2018): 141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/soil-4-141-2018.

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Abstract. Without accurate data on soil heterotrophic respiration (Rh), assessments of soil carbon (C) sequestration rate and C balance are challenging to produce. Accordingly, it is essential to determine the contribution of the different sources of the total soil CO2 efflux (Rs) in different ecosystems, but to date, there are still many uncertainties and unknowns regarding the soil respiration partitioning procedures currently available. This study compared the suitability and relative accuracy of five different Rs partitioning methods in a subtropical forest: (1) regression between root biomass and CO2 efflux, (2) lab incubations with minimally disturbed soil microcosm cores, (3) root exclusion bags with hand-sorted roots, (4) root exclusion bags with intact soil blocks and (5) soil δ13C–CO2 natural abundance. The relationship between Rh and soil moisture and temperature was also investigated. A qualitative evaluation table of the partition methods with five performance parameters was produced. The Rs was measured weekly from 3 February to 19 April 2017 and found to average 6.1 ± 0.3 MgCha-1yr-1. During this period, the Rh measured with the in situ mesh bags with intact soil blocks and hand-sorted roots was estimated to contribute 49 ± 7 and 79 ± 3 % of Rs, respectively. The Rh percentages estimated with the root biomass regression, microcosm incubation and δ13C–CO2 natural abundance were 54 ± 41, 8–17 and 61 ± 39 %, respectively. Overall, no systematically superior or inferior Rs partition method was found. The paper discusses the strengths and weaknesses of each technique with the conclusion that combining two or more methods optimizes Rh assessment reliability.

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An, Peng, Wen-Feng Wang, Xi Chen, Jing Qian, and Yunzhu Pan. "Introducing a Chaotic Component in the Control System of Soil Respiration." Complexity 2020 (August 26, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5310247.

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Chaos theory has been proved to be of great significance in a series of critical applications although, until now, its applications in analyzing soil respiration have not been addressed. This study aims to introduce a chaotic component in the control system of soil respiration and explain control complexity of this nonlinear chaotic system. This also presents a theoretical framework for better understanding chaotic components of soil respiration in arid land. A concept model of processes and mechanisms associated with subterranean CO2 evolution are developed, and dynamics of the chaotic system is characterized as an extended Riccati equation. Controls of soil respiration and kinetics of the chaotic system are interpreted and as a first attempt, control complexity of this nonlinear chaotic system is tackled by introducing a period-regulator in partitioning components of soil respiration.

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Bond-Lamberty, B., and A. Thomson. "A global database of soil respiration data." Biogeosciences Discussions 7, no. 1 (February 19, 2010): 1321–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-7-1321-2010.

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Abstract. Soil respiration – RS, the flux of autotropically- and heterotrophically-generated CO2 from the soil to the atmosphere – remains the least well-constrained component of the terrestrial C cycle. Here we introduce the SRDB database, a near-universal compendium of published RS data, and make it available to the scientific community both as a traditional static archive and as a dynamic community database that will be updated over time by interested users. The database encompasses all published studies that report one of the following data measured in the field (not laboratory): annual RS, mean seasonal RS, a seasonal or annual partitioning of RS into its sources fluxes, RS temperature response (Q10), or RS at 10 °C. Its orientation is thus to seasonal and annual fluxes, not shorter-term or chamber-specific measurements. To date, data from 818 studies have been entered into the database, constituting 3379 records. The data span the measurement years 1961–2007 and are dominated by temperate, well-drained forests. We briefly examine some aspects of the SRDB data – mean annual RS fluxes and their correlation with other carbon fluxes, RS variability, temperature sensitivities, and the partitioning of RS source flux – and suggest some potential lines of research that could be explored using these data. The SRDB database described here is available online in a permanent archive as well as via a project-hosting repository; the latter source leverages open-source software technologies to encourage wider participation in the database's future development. Ultimately, we hope that the updating of, and corrections to, the SRDB will become a shared project, managed by the users of these data in the scientific community.

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Bond-Lamberty, B., and A. Thomson. "A global database of soil respiration data." Biogeosciences 7, no. 6 (June 15, 2010): 1915–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-1915-2010.

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Abstract. Soil respiration – RS, the flux of CO2 from the soil to the atmosphere – is probably the least well constrained component of the terrestrial carbon cycle. Here we introduce the SRDB database, a near-universal compendium of published RS data, and make it available to the scientific community both as a traditional static archive and as a dynamic community database that may be updated over time by interested users. The database encompasses all published studies that report one of the following data measured in the field (not laboratory): annual RS, mean seasonal RS, a seasonal or annual partitioning of RS into its sources fluxes, RS temperature response (Q10), or RS at 10 °C. Its orientation is thus to seasonal and annual fluxes, not shorter-term or chamber-specific measurements. To date, data from 818 studies have been entered into the database, constituting 3379 records. The data span the measurement years 1961–2007 and are dominated by temperate, well-drained forests. We briefly examine some aspects of the SRDB data – its climate space coverage, mean annual RS fluxes and their correlation with other carbon fluxes, RS variability, temperature sensitivities, and the partitioning of RS source flux – and suggest some potential lines of research that could be explored using these data. The SRDB database is available online in a permanent archive as well as via a project-hosting repository; the latter source leverages open-source software technologies to encourage wider participation in the database's future development. Ultimately, we hope that the updating of, and corrections to, the SRDB will become a shared project, managed by the users of these data in the scientific community.

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9

Wunderlich, S., and W. Borken. "Partitioning of soil CO2 efflux in un-manipulated and experimentally flooded plots of a temperate fen." Biogeosciences Discussions 9, no. 5 (May 2, 2012): 5287–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-9-5287-2012.

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Abstract. Peatlands store large amounts of organic carbon, but the carbon stock is sensitive to changes in precipitation or water table manipulations. Restoration of drained peatlands by drain blocking and flooding is a common measure to conserve and augment the carbon stock of peatland soils. Here, we report to what extent flooding affected the contribution of heterotrophic and rhizosphere respiration to soil CO2 efflux in a grass-dominated mountain fen, Germany. Soil CO2 efflux was measured in three un-manipulated control plots and three flooded plots in two consecutive years. Flooding was achieved by permanent irrigation during the growing seasons. Radiocarbon signatures of CO2 from different sources including soil CO2 efflux, incubated peat cores and live grass roots were repeatedly analyzed for partitioning of soil CO2 efflux. Additionally, heterotrophic respiration and its radiocarbon signature were determined by eliminating rhizosphere respiration in trenched subplots (only control). In the control plots, rhizosphere respiration determined by 14C signatures contributed between 47 and 61% during the growing season, but was small (4%) immediately before budding. Trenching revealed a smaller rhizosphere contribution of 33% (2009) and 22% (2010) during growing seasons. Flooding reduced annual soil CO2 efflux of the fen by 42% in 2009 and by 30% in 2010. The reduction was smaller in 2010 mainly through naturally elevated water level in the control plots. A 1-week interruption of irrigation caused a strong short-lived increase in soil CO2 efflux, demonstrating the sensitivity of the fen to water table drawdown near the peat surface. The reduction in soil CO2 efflux in the flooded plots diminished the relative proportion of rhizosphere respiration from 56 to 46%, suggesting that rhizosphere respiration was slightly more sensitive to flooding than heterotrophic respiration. We conclude that the moderate decrease in rhizosphere respiration following flooding arises from a gradual change in vegetation in this fen ecosystem.

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10

LI, Wei-Jing, Shi-Ping CHEN, Bing-Wei ZHANG, Xing-Ru TAN, Shan-Shan WANG, and Cui-Hai YOU. "Partitioning of soil respiration components and evaluating the mycorrhizal contribution to soil respiration in a semiarid grassland." Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology 42, no. 8 (2018): 850–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17521/cjpe.2018.0068.

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11

Wunderlich, S., and W. Borken. "Partitioning of soil CO2 efflux in un-manipulated and experimentally flooded plots of a temperate fen." Biogeosciences 9, no. 8 (August 31, 2012): 3477–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-3477-2012.

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Abstract. Peatlands store large amounts of organic carbon, but the carbon stock is sensitive to changes in precipitation or water table manipulations. Restoration of drained peatlands by drain blocking and flooding is a common measure to conserve and augment the carbon stock of peatland soils. Here, we report to what extent flooding affected the contribution of heterotrophic and rhizosphere respiration to soil CO2 efflux in a grass-dominated mountain fen in Germany. Soil CO2 efflux was measured in three un-manipulated control plots and three flooded plots in two consecutive years. Flooding was achieved by permanent irrigation during the growing seasons. Radiocarbon signatures of CO2 from different sources including soil CO2 efflux, incubated peat cores and live grass roots were repeatedly analyzed for partitioning of soil CO2 efflux. Additionally, heterotrophic respiration and its radiocarbon signature were determined by eliminating rhizosphere respiration in trenched subplots (only control). In the control plots, rhizosphere respiration determined by 14C signatures contributed between 47 and 61% during the growing season, but was small (4 ± 8%) immediately before budding. Trenching revealed a smaller rhizosphere contribution of 33 ± 8% (2009) and 22 ± 9% (2010) during growing seasons. Flooding reduced annual soil CO2 efflux of the fen by 42% in 2009 and by 30% in 2010. The reduction was smaller in 2010 mainly through naturally elevated water level in the control plots. A one-week interruption of irrigation caused a strong short-lived increase in soil CO2 efflux, demonstrating the sensitivity of the fen to water table drawdown near the peat surface. The reduction in soil CO2 efflux in the flooded plots diminished the relative proportion of rhizosphere respiration from 56 to 46%, suggesting that rhizosphere respiration was slightly more sensitive to flooding than heterotrophic respiration.

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12

Klosterhalfen, Anne, Alexander Graf, Nicolas Brüggemann, Clemens Drüe, Odilia Esser, María P. González-Dugo, Günther Heinemann, et al. "Source partitioning of H2O and CO2 fluxes based on high-frequency eddy covariance data: a comparison between study sites." Biogeosciences 16, no. 6 (March 19, 2019): 1111–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1111-2019.

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Abstract. For an assessment of the roles of soil and vegetation in the climate system, a further understanding of the flux components of H2O and CO2 (e.g., transpiration, soil respiration) and their interaction with physical conditions and physiological functioning of plants and ecosystems is necessary. To obtain magnitudes of these flux components, we applied source partitioning approaches after Scanlon and Kustas (2010; SK10) and after Thomas et al. (2008; TH08) to high-frequency eddy covariance measurements of 12 study sites covering different ecosystems (croplands, grasslands, and forests) in different climatic regions. Both partitioning methods are based on higher-order statistics of the H2O and CO2 fluctuations, but proceed differently to estimate transpiration, evaporation, net primary production, and soil respiration. We compared and evaluated the partitioning results obtained with SK10 and TH08, including slight modifications of both approaches. Further, we analyzed the interrelations among the performance of the partitioning methods, turbulence characteristics, and site characteristics (such as plant cover type, canopy height, canopy density, and measurement height). We were able to identify characteristics of a data set that are prerequisites for adequate performance of the partitioning methods. SK10 had the tendency to overestimate and TH08 to underestimate soil flux components. For both methods, the partitioning of CO2 fluxes was less robust than for H2O fluxes. Results derived with SK10 showed relatively large dependencies on estimated water use efficiency (WUE) at the leaf level, which is a required input. Measurements of outgoing longwave radiation used for the estimation of foliage temperature (used in WUE) could slightly increase the quality of the partitioning results. A modification of the TH08 approach, by applying a cluster analysis for the conditional sampling of respiration–evaporation events, performed satisfactorily, but did not result in significant advantages compared to the original method versions developed by Thomas et al. (2008). The performance of each partitioning approach was dependent on meteorological conditions, plant development, canopy height, canopy density, and measurement height. Foremost, the performance of SK10 correlated negatively with the ratio between measurement height and canopy height. The performance of TH08 was more dependent on canopy height and leaf area index. In general, all site characteristics that increase dissimilarities between scalars appeared to enhance partitioning performance for SK10 and TH08.

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13

Brosnan, Stephanie. "Partitioning of soil respiration in a first rotation beech plantation." Biology and Environment: Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy 117B, no. 2 (2017): 91–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bae.2017.0009.

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14

Bond-Lamberty, Ben, Dustin Bronson, Emma Bladyka, and Stith T. Gower. "A comparison of trenched plot techniques for partitioning soil respiration." Soil Biology and Biochemistry 43, no. 10 (October 2011): 2108–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.06.011.

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15

Yang, Jinyan, and Chuankuan Wang. "Partitioning soil respiration of temperate forest ecosystems in northeastern China." Acta Ecologica Sinica 26, no. 6 (June 2006): 1640–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1872-2032(06)60027-9.

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16

Savage, K. E., E. A. Davidson, R. Z. Abramoff, A. C. Finzi, and M. A. Giasson. "Partitioning soil respiration: quantifying the artifacts of the trenching method." Biogeochemistry 140, no. 1 (July 27, 2018): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10533-018-0472-8.

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A. Jonay Jovani Sancho, Stephanie Brosnan, and Kenneth A. Byrne. "Partitioning of soil respiration in a first rotation beech plantation." Biology and Environment: Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy 117B, no. 2 (2017): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3318/bioe.2017.09.

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Wordell-Dietrich, Patrick, Anja Wotte, Janet Rethemeyer, Jörg Bachmann, Mirjam Helfrich, Kristina Kirfel, Christoph Leuschner, and Axel Don. "Vertical partitioning of CO2 production in a forest soil." Biogeosciences 17, no. 24 (December 15, 2020): 6341–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6341-2020.

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Abstract. Large amounts of total organic carbon are temporarily stored in soils, which makes soil respiration one of the major sources of terrestrial CO2 fluxes within the global carbon cycle. More than half of global soil organic carbon (SOC) is stored in subsoils (below 30 cm), which represent a significant carbon (C) pool. Although several studies and models have investigated soil respiration, little is known about the quantitative contribution of subsoils to total soil respiration or about the sources of CO2 production in subsoils. In a 2-year field study in a European beech forest in northern Germany, vertical CO2 concentration profiles were continuously measured at three locations, and CO2 production was quantified in the topsoil and the subsoil. To determine the contribution of fresh litter-derived C to CO2 production in the three soil profiles, an isotopic labelling experiment, using 13C-enriched leaf litter, was performed. Additionally, radiocarbon measurements of CO2 in the soil atmosphere were used to obtain information about the age of the C source in the CO2 production. At the study site, it was found that 90 % of total soil respiration was produced in the first 30 cm of the soil profile, where 53 % of the SOC stock is stored. Freshly labelled litter inputs in the form of dissolved organic matter were only a minor source for CO2 production below a depth of 10 cm. In the first 2 months after litter application, fresh litter-derived C contributed, on average, 1 % at 10 cm depth and 0.1 % at 150 cm depth to CO2 in the soil profile. Thereafter, its contribution was less than 0.3 % and 0.05 % at 10 and 150 cm depths, respectively. Furthermore CO2 in the soil profile had the same modern radiocarbon signature at all depths, indicating that CO2 in the subsoil originated from young C sources despite a radiocarbon age bulk SOC in the subsoil. This suggests that fresh C inputs in subsoils, in the form of roots and root exudates, are rapidly respired, and that other subsoil SOC seems to be relatively stable. The field labelling experiment also revealed a downward diffusion of 13CO2 in the soil profile against the total CO2 gradient. This isotopic dependency should be taken into account when using labelled 13C and 14C isotope data as an age proxy for CO2 sources in the soil.

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Cropper Jr., Wendell P., and Henry L. Gholz. "Insitu needle and fine root respiration in mature slash pine (Pinuselliottii) trees." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 21, no. 11 (November 1, 1991): 1589–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x91-221.

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Respiration of needles and surface fine roots was measured in a north central Florida slash pine (Pinuselliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) plantation. A controlled temperature chamber system was used to estimate respiration rates and Q10 values of insitu tissues over a range of 10 to 35 °C. Respiration rates did not differ significantly among seasons, fertilized versus unfertilized plots, or time of day in a diurnal time series (needles). Needle respiration from the lower canopy was less than that from the upper canopy. Fine root respiration measurements were consistent with previously made estimates based on soil CO2 partitioning and trenched plots.

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20

Lalonde, Rachelle G., and Cindy E. Prescott. "Partitioning heterotrophic and rhizospheric soil respiration in a mature Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) forest." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 37, no. 8 (August 2007): 1287–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x07-019.

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Total belowground respiration (Rs) was partitioned into heterotrophic (Rh) and rhizospheric (Rr) respiration to determine the amount of CO2 originating from each component in a coastal Douglas-fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) forest. Rh was measured within cylinders from which roots, hyphae, and associated rhizosphere organisms were excluded by a 0.5 μm nylon mesh and installed 50 cm into the soil. Rs was 12 Mg C·ha–1·year–1 and ranged from 0.71 to 6.57 g C·m–2·day–1 during the 15 month experiment. Rh was 7.8 Mg C·ha–1·year–1, which contributed 65% of Rs, mostly between May and August. Rr was 4.2 Mg C·ha–1·year–1 (35% of Rs) and peaked in spring and fall. Soil temperature described the variability in Rs (p = 0.0004) better than soil moisture (p = 0.6156) and Rh was more closely related to temperature than was Rr. Values of Q10 were 1.7 for Rs and 2.2 for Rh. We also assessed three potential sources of error associated with this root-exclusion technique: respiration from decaying severed roots, stimulated respiration as a result of cylinder installation, and lateral diffusion of CO2 into cylinders. None of these artifacts were found to be significant sources of error in this experiment.

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Lim Kim Choo, Liza Nuriati, and Osumanu Haruna Ahmed. "Partitioning Carbon Dioxide Emission and Assessing Dissolved Organic Carbon Leaching of a Drained Peatland Cultivated with Pineapple at Saratok, Malaysia." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/906021.

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Pineapples (Ananas comosus(L.) Merr.) cultivation on drained peats could affect the release of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere and also the leaching of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Carbon dioxide emission needs to be partitioned before deciding on whether cultivated peat is net sink or net source of carbon. Partitioning of CO2emission into root respiration, microbial respiration, and oxidative peat decomposition was achieved using a lysimeter experiment with three treatments: peat soil cultivated with pineapple, bare peat soil, and bare peat soil fumigated with chloroform. Drainage water leached from cultivated peat and bare peat soil was also analyzed for DOC. On a yearly basis, CO2emissions were higher under bare peat (218.8 t CO2 ha/yr) than under bare peat treated with chloroform (205 t CO2 ha/yr), and they were the lowest (179.6 t CO2 ha/yr) under cultivated peat. Decreasing CO2emissions under pineapple were attributed to the positive effects of photosynthesis and soil autotrophic activities. An average 235.7 mg/L loss of DOC under bare peat suggests rapid decline of peat organic carbon through heterotrophic respiration and peat decomposition. Soil CO2emission depended on moderate temperature fluctuations, but it was not affected by soil moisture.

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TANG Luozhong, 唐罗忠, 葛晓敏 GE Xiaomin, 吴麟 WU Lin, 田野 TIAN Ye, and 魏勇 WEI Yong. "Partitioning of autotrophic and heterotrophic soil respiration in southern type poplar plantations." Acta Ecologica Sinica 32, no. 22 (2012): 7000–7008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5846/stxb201110111498.

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Schuur, Edward A. G., and Susan E. Trumbore. "Partitioning sources of soil respiration in boreal black spruce forest using radiocarbon." Global Change Biology 12, no. 2 (November 11, 2005): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01066.x.

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Jia, Bingrui, Guangsheng Zhou, Fengyu Wang, Yuhui Wang, Wenping Yuan, and Li Zhou. "Partitioning root and microbial contributions to soil respiration in Leymus chinensis populations." Soil Biology and Biochemistry 38, no. 4 (April 2006): 653–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.06.027.

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Zhao, Xin, Naishen Liang, Jiye Zeng, and Azian Mohti. "A simple model for partitioning forest soil respiration based on root allometry." Soil Biology and Biochemistry 152 (January 2021): 108067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2020.108067.

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Rodeghiero, Mirco, and Alessandro Cescatti. "Indirect partitioning of soil respiration in a series of evergreen forest ecosystems." Plant and Soil 284, no. 1-2 (June 2006): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-005-5109-8.

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Taylor, Adam J., Chun-Ta Lai, Francesca M. Hopkins, Sonia Wharton, Ken Bible, Xiaomei Xu, Claire Phillips, Susan Bush, and James R. Ehleringer. "Radiocarbon-Based Partitioning of Soil Respiration in an Old-Growth Coniferous Forest." Ecosystems 18, no. 3 (January 21, 2015): 459–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10021-014-9839-4.

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Lombardini, Leonardo, Moreno Toselli, and James A. Flore. "Use of 13CO2 as a Tool to Investigate Carbon Partitioning in Field and Greenhouse-grown Apple Trees." HortScience 32, no. 3 (June 1997): 530D—530. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.530d.

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Instrumentation to measure soil respiration is currently readily available. However, the relationship between soil respiration and root activity or root mass is not known. Herein we report on preliminary result using a 13CO2 pulse to the foliage to determine if 13C respiration can be related to either root activity or root mass. An experiment was performed in the field on a 5-year-old apple tree (cv. Jonagold on M7). The tree canopy was enclosed in a Mylar® balloon and 2.1 g 13CO2 were pulsed in the balloon for 1 hr. After the pulse, air emitted by the soil and selected roots was collected every 6 hr for 8 days, by bubbling it in 2 M NaOH. 13C/12C ratios were measured with the mass spectrometer. The emission of 13CO2 from the roots gradually increased after the pulse reaching a peak after 100 hr. The emission trend was not linear, but it seemed related to soil temperature. Leaves and fruit were also collected daily. 13C content in leaves was 1.15% right after the pulse, but it progressively decreased to 1.09% at the end of the experiment. The experiment was then repeated on 12 potted apple trees (cv. Redcort on M7) in greenhouse conditions. Six of them were maintained well-watered, whereas six plants were subjected to a mild water stress, by watering them with half of the volume of water used for well-watered plants. After the two soil moisture levels were achieved, the tree canopies of all the 12 trees were pulsed. Leaves, stems, and roots were ground and run in the mass spectrometer. The results of root emission rate were found to be similar to the field experiment. Results also indicated that, in our experiment, stress did not affect root respiration rate. Specific details of the physiology data will be presented.

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Hicks Pries, Caitlin E., Edward A. G. Schuur, and Kathryn G. Crummer. "Thawing permafrost increases old soil and autotrophic respiration in tundra: Partitioning ecosystem respiration using δ13C and ∆14C." Global Change Biology 19, no. 2 (November 29, 2012): 649–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12058.

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Tucker, Colin L., Jessica M. Young, David G. Williams, and Kiona Ogle. "Process-based isotope partitioning of winter soil respiration in a subalpine ecosystem reveals importance of rhizospheric respiration." Biogeochemistry 121, no. 2 (July 18, 2014): 389–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10533-014-0008-9.

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31

Qubaja, Rafat, Fyodor Tatarinov, Eyal Rotenberg, and Dan Yakir. "Partitioning of canopy and soil CO2 fluxes in a pine forest at the dry timberline across a 13-year observation period." Biogeosciences 17, no. 3 (February 11, 2020): 699–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-699-2020.

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Abstract. Partitioning carbon fluxes is key to understanding the process underlying ecosystem response to change. This study used soil and canopy fluxes with stable isotopes (13C) and radiocarbon (14C) measurements in an 18 km2, 50-year-old, dry (287 mm mean annual precipitation; nonirrigated) Pinus halepensis forest plantation in Israel to partition the net ecosystem's CO2 flux into gross primary productivity (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (Re) and (with the aid of isotopic measurements) soil respiration flux (Rs) into autotrophic (Rsa), heterotrophic (Rh), and inorganic (Ri) components. On an annual scale, GPP and Re were 655 and 488 g C m−2, respectively, with a net primary productivity (NPP) of 282 g C m−2 and carbon-use efficiency (CUE = NPP ∕ GPP) of 0.43. Rs made up 60 % of the Re and comprised 24±4 %Rsa, 23±4 %Rh, and 13±1 %Ri. The contribution of root and microbial respiration to Re increased during high productivity periods, and inorganic sources were more significant components when the soil water content was low. Comparing the ratio of the respiration components to Re of our mean 2016 values to those of 2003 (mean for 2001–2006) at the same site indicated a decrease in the autotrophic components (roots, foliage, and wood) by about −13 % and an increase in the heterotrophic component (Rh∕Re) by about +18 %, with similar trends for soil respiration (Rsa∕Rs decreasing by −19 % and Rh∕Rs increasing by +8 %, respectively). The soil respiration sensitivity to temperature (Q10) decreased across the same observation period by 36 % and 9 % in the wet and dry periods, respectively. Low rates of soil carbon loss combined with relatively high belowground carbon allocation (i.e., 38 % of canopy CO2 uptake) and low sensitivity to temperature help explain the high soil organic carbon accumulation and the relatively high ecosystem CUE of the dry forest.

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MOYES, ANDREW B., SARAH J. GAINES, ROLF T. W. SIEGWOLF, and DAVID R. BOWLING. "Diffusive fractionation complicates isotopic partitioning of autotrophic and heterotrophic sources of soil respiration." Plant, Cell & Environment 33, no. 11 (June 7, 2010): 1804–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2010.02185.x.

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Yi, Zhigang, Shenglei Fu, Weimin Yi, Guoyi Zhou, Jiangming Mo, Deqiang Zhang, Mingmao Ding, Xinming Wang, and Lixia Zhou. "Partitioning soil respiration of subtropical forests with different successional stages in south China." Forest Ecology and Management 243, no. 2-3 (May 2007): 178–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2007.02.022.

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Zeng, Xinhua, Yigang Song, Chunmin Zeng, Wanjun Zhang, and Shengbing He. "Partitioning soil respiration in two typical forests in semi-arid regions, North China." CATENA 147 (December 2016): 536–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2016.08.009.

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Chen, Guang-shui, Yu-sheng Yang, Jian-fen Guo, Jin-sheng Xie, and Zhi-jie Yang. "Relationships between carbon allocation and partitioning of soil respiration across world mature forests." Plant Ecology 212, no. 2 (July 28, 2010): 195–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11258-010-9814-x.

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Lasslop, G., M. Migliavacca, G. Bohrer, M. Reichstein, M. Bahn, A. Ibrom, C. Jacobs, et al. "On the choice of the driving temperature for eddy-covariance carbon dioxide flux partitioning." Biogeosciences Discussions 9, no. 7 (July 31, 2012): 9829–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-9-9829-2012.

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Abstract. Networks that merge and harmonise eddy-covariance measurements from many different parts of the world have become an important observational resource for ecosystem science. Empirical algorithms have been developed which combine direct observations of the net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide with simple empirical models to disentangle photosynthetic (GPP) and respiratory fluxes (Reco). The increasing use of these estimates for the analysis of climate sensitivities, model evaluation, and calibration demands a thorough understanding of assumptions in the analysis process and the resulting uncertainties of the partitioned fluxes. The semi-empirical models used in flux partitioning algorithms require temperature observations as input, but as respiration takes place in many parts of an ecosystem, it is unclear which temperature input – air, surface, bole, or soil at a specific depth – should be used. This choice is a source of uncertainty and potential biases. In this study we analysed the correlation between different temperature observations and nighttime NEE (which equals nighttime respiration) across FLUXNET sites to understand the potential of the different temperature observations as input for the flux partitioning model. We found that the differences in the correlation between different temperature data streams and nighttime NEE are small and depend on the selection of sites. We investigated the effects of the choice of the temperature data by running two flux partitioning algorithms with air and soil temperature. We found the time lag (phase shift) between air and soil temperatures explains the differences in the GPP and Reco estimates when using either air or soil temperatures for flux partitioning. The impact of the source of temperature data on other derived ecosystem parameters was estimated, and the strongest impact was found for the temperature sensitivity. Overall, this study suggests that the choice between soil or air temperature must be made on site-by-site basis by analysing the correlation between temperature and nighttime NEE. We recommend using an ensemble of estimates based on different temperature observations to account for the uncertainty due to the choice of temperature and to assure the robustness of the temporal patterns of the derived variables.

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37

Lasslop, G., M. Migliavacca, G. Bohrer, M. Reichstein, M. Bahn, A. Ibrom, C. Jacobs, et al. "On the choice of the driving temperature for eddy-covariance carbon dioxide flux partitioning." Biogeosciences 9, no. 12 (December 18, 2012): 5243–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-5243-2012.

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Abstract. Networks that merge and harmonise eddy-covariance measurements from many different parts of the world have become an important observational resource for ecosystem science. Empirical algorithms have been developed which combine direct observations of the net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide with simple empirical models to disentangle photosynthetic (GPP) and respiratory fluxes (Reco). The increasing use of these estimates for the analysis of climate sensitivities, model evaluation and calibration demands a thorough understanding of assumptions in the analysis process and the resulting uncertainties of the partitioned fluxes. The semi-empirical models used in flux partitioning algorithms require temperature observations as input, but as respiration takes place in many parts of an ecosystem, it is unclear which temperature input – air, surface, bole, or soil at a specific depth – should be used. This choice is a source of uncertainty and potential biases. In this study, we analysed the correlation between different temperature observations and nighttime NEE (which equals nighttime respiration) across FLUXNET sites to understand the potential of the different temperature observations as input for the flux partitioning model. We found that the differences in the correlation between different temperature data streams and nighttime NEE are small and depend on the selection of sites. We investigated the effects of the choice of the temperature data by running two flux partitioning algorithms with air and soil temperature. We found the time lag (phase shift) between air and soil temperatures explains the differences in the GPP and Reco estimates when using either air or soil temperatures for flux partitioning. The impact of the source of temperature data on other derived ecosystem parameters was estimated, and the strongest impact was found for the temperature sensitivity. Overall, this study suggests that the choice between soil or air temperature must be made on site-by-site basis by analysing the correlation between temperature and nighttime NEE. We recommend using an ensemble of estimates based on different temperature observations to account for the uncertainty due to the choice of temperature and to assure the robustness of the temporal patterns of the derived variables.

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38

Kou, Taiji, Jianguo Zhu, Zubin Xie, Toshihiro Hasegawa, and Katia Heiduk. "Effect of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration on soil and root respiration in winter wheat by using a respiration partitioning chamber." Plant and Soil 299, no. 1-2 (September 6, 2007): 237–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-007-9380-8.

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ArchMiller, Althea, and Lisa Samuelson. "Partitioning Longleaf Pine Soil Respiration into Its Heterotrophic and Autotrophic Components through Root Exclusion." Forests 7, no. 2 (February 6, 2016): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f7020039.

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40

CHEN Minpeng, 陈敏鹏, 夏旭 XIA Xu, 李银坤 LI Yinkun, and 梅旭荣 MEI Xurong. "Progress on techniques for partitioning soil respiration components and their application in cropland ecosystem." Acta Ecologica Sinica 33, no. 22 (2013): 7067–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5846/stxb201207191027.

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HAN, Tian-Feng, Guo-Yi ZHOU, Yue-Lin LI, Ju-Xiu LIU, and De-Qiang ZHANG. "Partitioning soil respiration in lower subtropical forests at different successional stages in southern China." Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology 35, no. 9 (December 7, 2011): 946–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1258.2011.00946.

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Søe, Astrid R. B., Anette Giesemann, Traute-Heidi Anderson, Hans-Joachim Weigel, and Nina Buchmann. "Soil respiration under elevated CO2and its partitioning into recently assimilated and older carbon sources." Plant and Soil 262, no. 1/2 (May 2004): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:plso.0000037025.78016.9b.

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43

Ogle, Kiona, and Elise Pendall. "Isotope partitioning of soil respiration: A Bayesian solution to accommodate multiple sources of variability." Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 120, no. 2 (February 2015): 221–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014jg002794.

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Snell, Helen S. K., David Robinson, and Andrew J. Midwood. "Minimising methodological biases to improve the accuracy of partitioning soil respiration using natural abundance13C." Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 28, no. 21 (September 25, 2014): 2341–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.7017.

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Ventura, M., C. Zhang, E. Baldi, F. Fornasier, G. Sorrenti, P. Panzacchi, and G. Tonon. "Effect of biochar addition on soil respiration partitioning and root dynamics in an apple orchard." European Journal of Soil Science 65, no. 1 (October 2, 2013): 186–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ejss.12095.

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Bao, Fang, Guangsheng Zhou, Fengyu Wang, and Xinghua Sui. "Partitioning soil respiration in a temperate desert steppe in Inner Mongolia using exponential regression method." Soil Biology and Biochemistry 42, no. 12 (December 2010): 2339–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.08.033.

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Song, Wenchen, Xiaojuan Tong, Jinsong Zhang, and Ping Meng. "Three-source partitioning of soil respiration by 13C natural abundance and its variation with soil depth in a plantation." Journal of Forestry Research 27, no. 3 (December 31, 2015): 533–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11676-015-0206-x.

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Caquet, B., A. De Grandcourt, A. Thongo M’bou, D. Epron, A. Kinana, L. Saint André, and Y. Nouvellon. "Soil carbon balance in a tropical grassland: Estimation of soil respiration and its partitioning using a semi-empirical model." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 158-159 (June 2012): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.02.008.

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49

Kuzyakov, Yakov. "Theoretical background for partitioning of root and rhizomicrobial respiration by δ13C of microbial biomass." European Journal of Soil Biology 41, no. 1-2 (January 2005): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2005.07.002.

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Phillips, C. L., K. J. McFarlane, D. Risk, and A. R. Desai. "Biological and physical influences on soil 14CO2 seasonal dynamics in a temperate hardwood forest." Biogeosciences 10, no. 12 (December 9, 2013): 7999–8012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-7999-2013.

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Abstract. While radiocarbon (14C) abundances in standing stocks of soil carbon have been used to evaluate rates of soil carbon turnover on timescales of several years to centuries, soil-respired 14CO2 measurements are an important tool for identifying more immediate responses to disturbance and climate change. Soil Δ14CO2 data, however, are often temporally sparse and could be interpreted better with more context for typical seasonal ranges and trends. We report on a semi-high-frequency sampling campaign to distinguish physical and biological drivers of soil Δ14CO2 at a temperate forest site in northern Wisconsin, USA. We sampled 14CO2 profiles every three weeks during snow-free months through 2012 in three intact plots and one trenched plot that excluded roots. Respired Δ14CO2 declined through the summer in intact plots, shifting from an older C composition that contained more bomb 14C to a younger composition more closely resembling present 14C levels in the atmosphere. In the trenched plot, respired Δ14CO2 was variable but remained comparatively higher than in intact plots, reflecting older bomb-enriched 14C sources. Although respired Δ14CO2 from intact plots correlated with soil moisture, related analyses did not support a clear cause-and-effect relationship with moisture. The initial decrease in Δ14CO2 from spring to midsummer could be explained by increases in 14C-deplete root respiration; however, Δ14CO2 continued to decline in late summer after root activity decreased. We also investigated whether soil moisture impacted vertical partitioning of CO2 production, but found this had little effect on respired Δ14CO2 because CO2 contained modern bomb C at depth, even in the trenched plot. This surprising result contrasted with decades to centuries-old pre-bomb CO2 produced in lab incubations of the same soils. Our results suggest that root-derived C and other recent C sources had dominant impacts on respired Δ14CO2 in situ, even at depth. We propose that Δ14CO2 may have declined through late summer in intact plots because of continued microbial turnover of root-derived C, following declines in root respiration. Our results agree with other studies showing declines in the 14C content of soil respiration over the growing season, and suggest inputs of new photosynthates through roots are an important driver.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Partitioning of soil respiration'

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