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Academic literature on the topic 'Partis de gauche – France – 20e siècle'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Partis de gauche – France – 20e siècle"
Launay, Maxime. "Une armée nouvelle ? La gauche et l’armée française (1968-1985). Antimilitarisme, libertés publiques, défense nationale." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUL067.
Full textHow was the relationship between the left-wing and the army, long antagonistic or at the least incompatible, able to evolve between 1968 and 1985 to the point of becoming institutionalised and contributing to a consensus on national defence? Three central notions form the main: the first relating to the rejection of the role assigned to the military institution (anti-militarism), the second to the place foreseen for the rights and freedoms guaranteed by the State for the members of the military (civil liberties), and the last dedicated to the principles of a military policy in the name of the interests of France (national defence). The army, broken after the Algerian war, then caught up in the protests of the "1968s", went through an new crisis in the mid-1970s. However, neither the army nor the left-wing were monolithic blocks: multiple actors, depending on the balance of power, contributed to cross-aggiornamenti. While the socialist government rallied in favour of nuclear deterrence, came to power, and came to terms with the institutions of the Fifth Republic, the military rethought its role in society, reviewed its relationship with discipline, and accepted the arrival of the left-wing in power with loyalty, despite initial mistrust. If the time was ripe for continuity in 1981, this encounter led to a de-ideologisation and a lasting de-politicisation of military and defence issues in public debate. Based on a body of military and police archives, governmental and parliamentary institutions, left-wing organisations, and oral interviews, this thesis intends to show that the history of the French left-wing is inseparable from that of the army
Marlin, François. "Pour la République, la paix, la lai͏̈cité : le Front populaire en terre radicale : le Loiret, 1934-1939." Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA08A010.
Full textBotopoulos, Costas. "Les socialistes à l'épreuve du pouvoir : France, Grèce, Espagne dans les années quatre-vingt : idées et pratiques constitutionnelles." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010279.
Full textThe three socialist parties of France, Greece and Spain arrived in power having declared their intention to change profoundly the political system in their countries. The experience of power proved that it was the parties themselves, their political role and the way they function, which were to be transformed ; the socialist governments accepted the political institutions they inherited and did not even try to impose w new constitutionnal logic
Cahon, Julien. "Les Gauches dans la Somme, du Front populaire au Programme commun (années 1930-années 1970)." Amiens, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AMIE0016.
Full textColas, Jean-François. "Les droites nationales en Lorraine dans les années 1930 : acteurs, organisations, réseaux." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100151.
Full textIn Lorraine, in the 1930's, right-wing political parties did not manage to organize themselves durably and thoroughly but they were represented by numerous elected members, who resisted the push of left-wing parties, notably in 1932 and 1936. The republican Federation did not succeed in giving a concrete expression to its project to set up a solid organization. The « national » then got organized in punctual groupings from 1934 onward in several cities. The activits militated in Action française or in the patriotic Youths at the beginning of the 1930's. After february 6, 1934, Francisme, the Solidarité française, chiefly in the Moselle, and above all the Croix de feu expended unquestionably. Farmers also got organized, even if countrysides remained quiet altogether. Leagues' activists adhered to the parties which succeeded in the dissolved leagues in 1936. However, the P. S. F. Was the only party which evolved into a large scale party. Militants also took part in local assemblies in order to fight communism : the Front lorrain and the R. N. L. . Local leaders from the Croix de feu and later the P. S. F. Were related to other « national » organizations. Their background was similar : they were right-wing men, war veterans, reserve officers and Catholics. But they eventually obeyed La Rocque when he enjoined them to become independant. The P. S. F was then exposed to the hostility of other political groups from 1937 onward. The Croix de feu and the P. S. F. Could rely on the support of local newspapers, elected representatives, manufacturers and Catholics'spokesmen. However, notables reluctantly accepted La Rocque's electoral strategy. Lorraine political life evolved toward radicalisation and bipolarisation. Several MPs were related to leagues. They were connected to conservative Catholics, as were the leagues. They fought the same opponents : freemassons and left-wing parties. Anticommunism federated the « national », including certain activits opposed to the republican system. Representatives and notables of the republican Federation, implacable opponents to Front populaire, mixed with these militants. Xenophobe ideas spred, partly inspired by anti-german feelings. Never the less, other MPs remained moderate and the P. S. F ; appears as a centrist party. The « spirit of Lorraine » explains both anticommunism and national' mistrust of Germany, even if many accepted the Munich agreeement
Fondraz, Ludovic. "Les groupes parlementaires au sénat sous la cinquième République." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010288.
Full textNowadays, political groups occupy an essential part in our parliamentary institutions, but their own existence was contested for a long time because they were considered contradictory with the representative system which does not admit any division in the representation. After a slow evolution, the groups established their places in our parliamentary system, and besides their reglementary recognition, they accede, in 1958, to the constitutional consecration, even if it's only implicit. However, one only needs to look at the disposition of the rows in the two assemblies to notice that, if there are some similarities between the groups in the two chambers of the parliament, there are also many differences. The appearance of the majority logic in the senate's debates, at the beginning of the 1980s, oblige the high assembly to reconcile its usual policy of saving the independence of the parliamentary mandate with the practical requirements of the efficiency, given by political groups. To attain this collective efficiency, the centre groups have been forced to convert themselves to the principle of voting discipline, best garantee of the political unity of the groups. The majority logic produce a real socialisation of the senatorial life and the inevitable confrontations of the different political groups in the assembly. This conception of the organisation of the parliamentary works can be seen essentially by the omnipresence of the groups within the senate's regulation. First of all, political groups are present on the legislative level. They follow the project or the law proposition from its deposit until its eventual presentation to the constitutional council, and propose some modifications that they judge useful, using mainly the right of amendment. They also participate in controlling the government, which means now a large part of France's European policy
Batardy, Christophe. "Le programme commun de gouvernement : pour une histoire programmatique du politique (1972-1977)." Thesis, Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT2018.
Full textOn July 12th 1972, The PCF (French Communist Party), the PS (Socialist Party) and the “radicaux de gauche” party signed a programme agreement entitled “A Common Programme for Government”, that soon became known as the "Common Programme”. In September 1977, negotiations to renew the programme, which were widely covered by the media, failed because of a re-emergence of ideological divergences that had been put to one side in 1972. This failure occurred in spite of the very favourable electoral dynamic that had given rise to a United Front on the political left. This political programme was most widely distributed in 20th century France. It marked the French political life to the point that it is possible to call the 1972-1977 period the “Common Programme” moment. A study of the social impact of this text and a chronological rereading of the May-September 1977 period that aims to reevaluate the responsibility of the French Communist Party for the failure of the discussions has allowed the writing of a history of political programmes for the 1972-1977 period
Boyer, Vincent. "La gauche et la seconde chambre de 1945 à nos jours." Toulouse 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU10016.
Full textThe position of the left wing, communist and socialist, when it comes to the second chamber since 1945, is often seen as a succession of reversals. In the beginning the left wing would have advocated unicameralism in hostility towards the Senat between 1945 and 1946. In the years to follow the left wing would have been relatively unfavourable to the Council of the Republic under the Fourth Republic. However it would have become quite favourable to the Senat after 1958 so as long as this chamber actively fought General de Gaulle and his governments. In 1981 the hostility of the left wing against the Senat would have reappeared. It is however possible, taking into consideration these contradictions and retractions, to detect an underlying logic, explaining this position. To do so, it is important to accept the postulate that the notions of " second chamber " and " Senat " are not synonyms. In other words the rejection of the Senat is not necessarily the rejection of a second chamber, and the acceptance of a second chamber is not necessarily the acceptance of the Senat. It thus becomes evident that since 1945 the left wing has demonstrated its hostility towards the Senat, while declaring itself favourable towards the existence of a second chamber
Prigent, François. "Les réseaux socialistes en Bretagne des années 1930 aux années 1980." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN20040.
Full textSocialism in Brittany from 1930 to 1980 originates from the implementation of the networks and activities which are at the basis of socialism (SFIO, PSU, PS) and which revealed fractures/continuities in activist generations. The political opening in the 1930s, intensified by the strengthening of elected representatives’ networks in 1945, is different from the changes which took place in the 1960s-1970s and which lead to the emergence of the new socialist party in the context of profound changes in local society. The development of socialist networks in the 1980s is the starting point of the partisan system dominance from 2004 onwards. From sheets to files, the prosopography presents an analysis of courses, networks and identities and emphasises a characteristic of the Breton socialism, similar to an elected representatives’ social democracy.Interlinked activist networks are becoming part of plural socialist environments composed of independent subgroups. The centrality of secular identity is countered by the emergence of Christian networks. The privileged links with labour unions change according to periods, but remain consistent with the shifts in social movements. The rural block explains the frailty of the activist network in the country side, before the emergence of rural networks and progressive labour unions irrigating the activist environment. This study is in line with the views and practices of a global history, from a multiple approach: a history seen from below, a social and cultural history of politics, a history through networks, a regional political history and alocal history of socialism, a history of the elected representatives
Vodovar, Christine. "Le PSI, la SFIO et l'évolution des systèmes politiques italien et français de 1943 à 1956." Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100002.
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