Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Particules (physique) – Modèles mathématiques'
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Lesur, Maxime. "The Berk-Breizman Model as a Paradigm for Energetic Particle-driven Alfvén Eigenmodes." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00563110.
Full textLanchier, Nicolas. "Systèmes de particules multicolores." Rouen, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ROUES019.
Full textMost mathematical models in the biological literature that describe inherently spatial phenomena of interacting populations consist of systems of ordinary differential equations obtained under global dispersion assumptions, thus leaving out any spatial structure. Interacting particle systems are Markov processes with state space FS where F is a finite set of colors and where S is a spatial structure, typically Zd. They are ideally suited to study the consequences of the inclusion of a spatial structure in the form of local interactions. We investigate the mathematical properties (stationary distribution, geometry of the configurations, phase transitions) of various multicolour particle systems defined on Zd. Each of these systems is intended to model local interactions within a spatially structured community of populations. More precisely, the biological processes we investigate are ecological succession, allelopathy or competition between an inhibitory species and a susceptible species, multi-species host-symbiont interactions, and persistent gene flow from transgenic crops to wild relatives through pollination in a heterogeneous environment. The mathematical techniques are probabilistic, including coupling, duality, multiscales arguments, oriented percolation, asymptotic properties of random walks, and large deviations estimates
Barraquand, Guillaume. "Quelques modèles intégrables dans la classe d'universalité KPZ." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC242.
Full textThis thesis is about exactly solvable stochastic models in the KPZ universality class. The first chapter provides an overview of the recent methods designed to study such systems. We also present the different works which constitute this thesis, leaving aside the technical details, but rather focusing on the interpretation of the results and the general methods that we use. The three next chapters each correspond to an article published or submitted for publication. The first chapter is an asymptotic study of the q-TASEP interacting particle system, when the system is perturbed by a few slower particles. We show that the system obeys to the same limit theorem as TASEP, and one observes the so-called BBP transition. The second chapter, based on a work in collaboration with Ivan Corwin, introduces new exactly solvable exclusion processes. We verify the predictions from KPZ scaling theory, and we also study the less universal behaviour of the first particle. The third chapter corresponds to a second work in collaboration with Ivan Corwin. We introduce a random walk in random environment, which turns out to be exactly solvable. We prove that the second order correction to the large deviation principle is Tracy-Widom distributed on a cube root scale. We give a probabilistic interpretation of this limit theorem, and show that the result also propagates at zero-temperature
Jasiak, Rafal. "Ultrafast electron dynamics and decoherence in metallic nanostructures." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA6040.
Full textThe ultrafast electron dynamics in thin metal films was studied numerically using both a semiclassical model (Vlasov-Poisson) and a fully quantum approach based on the Wigner equation. For large excitation energies, the quantum and classical dynamics are virtually identical, whereas they diverge below a certain threshold, roughly equal to the plasmon energy. This is a clear signature of a quantum-mechanical effect, which should be observable in standard pump-probe experiments on thin metal films. For longer timescales, the electron dynamics becomes dissipative, as the electrons exchange energy incoherently with the ion lattice. A classical relaxation time and a quantum decoherence time were shown to emerge naturally from the simulations. These time scales are in good agreement with phenomenological estimates based on the two-temperature model, and correctly reproduce the main features observed in experiments on small sodium clusters
Tine, Léon Matar. "Analyse mathématique et numérique de modèles de coagulation-fragmentation." Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10147/document.
Full textThis thesis concerns the mathematical and numerical analysis of the asymptotic behavior of some coagulation-fragmentation type models arising in physics or in biology.In the first part we consider the Lifshitz-Slyozov system that models the dumping of a population of macro-particles in interaction with a bath of monomers. This model develops in long time a behavior depending in a very particular way on the initial data abd its technical specificities make a real challenge for the numerical simulation. We introduce a new numerical finite volume type scheme based on an anti-dissipative strategy; this scheme succeeds in capturing the asymptotic profiles waited by the theory and exceeds in performances the methods used before. The numerical investigation ispursued by taking into account in the model the phenomena of coalescence between macro-particles through the Smoluchowski operator. The question is to find by numerical experiment how these phenomena influence the asymptotic behavior. We also consider an extension of the classical Lifshitz-Slyozov model which takes into account the spatial effects via the diffusion of monomers. We establish the existence and the uniqueness of the solutions of the corresponding hyperbolic-parabolic coupled system.The second part of this thesis deals with approaches coagulation-fragmentation models stemming from biology. Indeed, we are interest in equations describing the phenomena of growth and division for a celles population caracterised by its size density repartition. The asymptotic behavior of this size density repartition is accessible to the experiment and can be established in theory. The biological stake consists, from measured data of the cellular density, to estimate the cellular division rate which is not experimentally measurable. So, to find this cellular division rate requires the study of an inverse problem which we approach numerically and theoretically by techniques of regularizations by quasi-reversibility and by filtering.This third part of this thesis work is devoted to coupled systems describing fluid-particles interactions with coagulation-fragmentation terms of Becker-Döring type. We study the stability properties of the model and we present some asymptotic results corresponding to the regime with strong friction force
Gueroult, Renaud. "Étude d'une source d'ions obtenue par extraction et accélération à partir d'une source plasma filaire." Phd thesis, Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2011. https://pastel.hal.science/docs/00/64/68/21/PDF/these.pdf.
Full textIn this study we first model a DC low pressure wire plasma source and then characterize the properties of an ion gun derived from the plasma source. In order to study the properties of the derived ion gun, we develop a particle-in-cell code fitted to the modelling of the wire plasma source operation, and validate it by confrontation with the results of an experimental study. In light of the simulation results, an analysis of the wire discharge in terms of a collisional Child-Langmuir ion flow in cylindrical geometry is proposed. We interpret the mode transition as a natural reorganisation of the discharge when the current is increased above a threshold value which is a function of the discharge voltage, the pressure and the inter-electrodes distance. In addition, the analysis of the energy distribution function of ions impacting the cathode demonstrates the ability to extract an ion beam of low energy spread around the discharge voltage assuming that the discharge is operated in its high pressure mode. An ion source prototype allowing the extraction and acceleration of ions from the wire source is then proposed. The experimental study of such a device confirms that, apart from a shift corresponding to the accelerating voltage, the acceleration scheme does not spread the ion velocity distribution function along the axis of the beam. It is therefore possible to produce tunable energy (0-5 keV) ion beams of various ionic species presenting limited energy dispersion (~ 10 eV). The typical beam currents are about a few tens of micro-amperes, and the divergence of such a beam is on the order of one degree. A numerical modelling of the ion source is eventually conducted in order to identify potential optimizations of the concept
Papka, Paul. "Etude de la désexcitation par particules légères chargées du noyau 44Ti." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR13239.
Full textCrestetto, Anaïs. "Optimisation de méthodes numériques pour la physique des plasmas : application aux faisceaux de particules chargées." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00735569.
Full textDhen, Mikaël. "Muon to electron conversion, flavored leptogenesis and asymmetric dark matter in minimal extensions of the Standard Model." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/217745.
Full textOption Physique du Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Poquet, Christophe. "MODÈLES STOCHASTIQUES INTERAGISSANTS : SYNCHRONISATION ET RÉDUCTION À UN SYSTÈME DE PHASES." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00966053.
Full textRjimati, El Arbi. "Microfiltration tangentielle de suspensions particulaires : modélisation." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20029.
Full textTräsch, Martin. "Caractérisation expérimentale et numérique du comportement hydrodynamique d’une hydrolienne à membrane ondulante." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1I009/document.
Full textThe thesis presented in this document deals with the characterization of the behavior of an undulating membrane tidal energy converter. This kind of device uses the flutter instabilities occurring between a semi-rigid pre-strained membrane and a fluid flow in order to convert the sea currents energy. Above a certain critical flow speed, the structure undulates, thus activating the linear converters fixed on it. In order to study this system, an experimental model is developed and tested in a flume tank. The power conversion system is simulated by hydraulic dampers. The membrane’s dynamics is analyzed in many configurations through trajectory and force measurements, and leads to a parametric study. More realistic flow conditions are also studied, such as the impact of current direction influence and the influence of surface waves on the behavior of the system. Wake characterization is carried out with two-dimensional PIV measurements. Scale effects and confinement are also studied through a comparison with a bigger scale prototype tested in tank and at sea.In addition to the experimental study, an analytical model and a numerical model are developed and compared with experiments. The linear analytical model is based on Euler-Bernouilli’s beam theory and on Lighthill’s slender body theory. It is solved in the frequency domain and gives good undulation frequency and critical speed results. The numerical model uses strong interactions between a fluid code using the vortex method and a structure code based on corotationnal finite elements. This model is validated on an experimental case
He, Jun. "Modélisation des écoulements gaz-solides en régime dilué : influence des collisions entre particules et de l'anisotropie de leur mouvement fluctuant." Compiègne, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994COMPD698.
Full textGueroult, Renaud. "Étude d'une source d'ions obtenue par extraction et accélération à partir d'une source plasma filaire." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00646821.
Full textGiorgi, Pierre-Antoine. "Analyse mathématique de modèles cinétiques en physique des plasmas." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0609.
Full textThis thesis deals with the study of some kinetic models encountered in plasma physics.The first model considered is a 1D Vlasov-Poisson system representing the dynamics of two species of particles (ions and electrons) in a bounded set, x ∈ (0,1), with direct reflection boundary conditions. In the linear case, generalized characteristics are defined, ensuring the time s=0 to be reached after a finite number of bounces, the problematic case being when the electric field points outward of the boundary. Then, for initial conditions even in the velocity variable, a global continuous solution is built by means of generalized characteristics and a fixed point argument. Local uniqueness of a continuous solution is shown, in a frame where two successive bounces at the same boundary cannot occur. The second model was obtained as the limit of a Vlasov-Poisson system in the finite Larmor radius regime.For solutions satisfying a decay assumption, a Wasserstein stability estimate is proven, and a new proof of the existence of such solutions is given. The advection field is then Lipschitz continuous. Finally, numerical simulations are performed to investigate the kinetic response of electrons to an external drive. A beating between two waves, one at the external frequency, the other at the Landau frequency, is revealed
Bracikowski, Nicolas. "Modélisation multi-physique par modèles à constantes localisées ; application à une machine synchrone à aimants permanents en vue de son dimensionnement." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00905641.
Full textGuisset, Sébastien. "Modélisation et méthodes numériques pour l'étude du transport de particules dans un plasma chaud." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0117/document.
Full textAngular moments models represent alternative descriptions situated in between the kinetic and the fluid models. In this work, angular moments models based on an entropy minimisation principle are considered for plasma physics applications. This manuscript is organised in three parts. The first one is a contribution to plasma physics modelling within the formalism of angular moments models. The validity domain of angular moments models in collisionless regimes is studied. It is also shown that the collisional operators proposed for the M1 angular moments model enable to recover accurate plasma transport coefficients. The second part of this document deals with the derivation of numerical methods for the long timescales particle transport. Appropriate asymptotic-preserving numerical schemes are designed for the M1 angular moments model and numerical validations are performed. The third part represents a first important step toward multi-species modelling. The M1 angular moments model in a moving frame is introduced and applied to rarefied gas dynamics. The model properties are highlighted, a numerical scheme is proposed and a numerical validation is carried out
Elmi, Robleh Hassan. "Modélisation numérique des écoulements pulmonaires." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00766647.
Full textDeshayes, Aurélia. "Modèles de croissance aléatoire et théorèmes de forme asymptotique : les processus de contact." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0168/document.
Full textThis thesis is a contribution to the mathematical study of interacting particles systems which include random growth models representing a spreading shape over time in the cubic lattice. These processes are used to model the crystal growth or the spread of an infection. In particular, Harris introduced in 1974 the contact process to represent such a spread. It is one of the simplest interacting particles systems which exhibits a critical phenomenon and today, its behaviour is well-Known on each phase. Many questions about its extensions remain open and motivated our work, especially the one on the asymptotic shape. After the presentation of the contact process and its extensions, we introduce a new one: the contact process with aging where each particle has an age age that influences its ability to give birth to its neighbours. We build a coupling between our process and a supercritical oriented percolation adapted from Bezuidenhout-Grimmett's construction and we establish the 'at most linear' growth of our process. In the last part of this work, we prove an asymptotic shape theorem for general random growth models thanks to subadditive techniques, which can be complicated in the case of non-Permanent models conditioned to survive. We conclude that the process with aging, the contact process in randomly evolving environment, the oriented percolation with hostile immigration and the bounded modified contact process satisfy asymptotic shape results
Vanthieghem, Arno. "Theoretical and numerical studies of relativistic collisionless shock waves." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS398.
Full textCollisionless relativistic shock waves play a major role in extreme astrophysical objects such as gamma-ray bursts, blazars and pulsars wind nebulae, in which they are held responsible for producing nonthermal particle and radiation distributions. Without an external magnetic field, these shocks stem from the interaction, mediated by microinstabilities, of a beam of Fermi-accelerated particles with the ambient plasma. There results an electromagnetic turbulence that scatters both the beam and plasma particles. While the background plasma is mainly slowed down and heated, a fraction of its particles are accelerated to suprathermal energies, thus sustaining the shock wave. Understanding the highly nonlinear physics of such structures requires combining analytical models and large-scale particle-in-cell (PIC) numerical simulations. After a short review of the concepts and numerical techniques used to address the topic, we first examine the evolution of the current filamentation instability, which prevails in the precursor region of initially unmagnetized shocks. We then develop a comprehensive microphysical model of such shocks. To this purpose, we introduce the notion of a preferential frame, in which the microturbulence is quasi-magnetostatic, thus allowing the description of the particle scattering to be greatly simplified. Finally, we analyze the influence of a neutron ejecta propagating upstream of a gamma-ray burst shock. For each study, our model predictions are substantiated by state-of-the-art PIC simulations. particules
Juennard, Nicolas. "Détection et localisation de particules de très hautes énergies en acoustique sous-marine." Phd thesis, Université du Sud Toulon Var, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00295026.
Full textDans un second temps, plusieurs méthodes de détection sont étudiées, de la plus classique (étude du rapport de vraisemblance} à des méthodes plus récente (filtrage adapté, classification, etc.). La comparaison expérimentale en situation semi-réelle de celles-ci aboutit au choix de la méthode de détection suivante : le FASE (Filtrage Adapté Stochastique Etendu). Enfin, la position et la direction du neutrino sont estimés par un algorithme dérivé de Gauss-Newton, Cet estimateur se base sur la modélisation du déplacement du front d'onde acoustique et sur les informations temporelles de détection fournies par les hydrophones du télescope. De nombreuses configurations sont testées et les performances du système sont évaluées. Une structure d'hydrophone est proposée et une simulation dite « globale » finalisent cette thèse. Dans celle-ci, les étapes de détection et d'estimation sont basées sur les résultats obtenus précédemment. Les bruits de mer sont des bruits réels issus de campagnes de mesure et les résultats obtenus valident les travaux de cette thèse.
Mehsein, Kawsar. "Degradation mechanisms study of NOx after-treatment SCR system using urea on a Diesel Particulate Filter catalyst." Thesis, Montpellier, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENCM0012.
Full textThe selective catalytic reduction (SCR) by urea or ammonia is a well-known method to meet the European emission regulation requirements concerning the reduction of nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions from Diesel engines. In order to optimize the NOx reduction activity at all temperature range, a copper-exchanged zeolite (Cu-Zeolite) SCR catalyst is combined to a Diesel Particulate Filter (SCRF). However, during the continuous regeneration of the particulate filter, the SCRF catalyst will go through numerous constraints such as variable high temperature, poisoning compounds from Diesel fuel and engine oil, during the entire vehicle life of the after-treatment line. Moreover, the European legislation requires a durability of the after-treatment line for about 160,000km. Understanding the degradation of the SCRF catalyst by the hydrothermal ageing is of interest to apprehend the deactivation mechanism in order to develop a stable material. In the present work, accelerated hydrothermal ageing in laboratory oven and also a real driving ageing of an SCRF catalyst, included in an after-treatment line for about 120,000km, were performed. The different results obtained help to apprehend the degradation mechanism of a Cu-Zeolite SCRF catalyst performance and also to find a correlation between a 120,000km real driving ageing and an equivalence oven aged SCRF catalysts. Moreover, rapid characterization methods, to detect the hydrothermal ageing status of an SCRF catalyst, have been selected. Finally, a mathematical model, based on experimental results, has allowed to describe the degradation of the ammonia storage capacity of the SCRF catalyst with the hydrothermal ageing
Blanchet, David. "Développements méthodologiques et qualification de schémas de calcul pour la modélisation des échauffements photoniques dans les dispositifs expérimentaux du futur réacteur d'irradiation technologique Jules Horowitz (RJH)." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00689995.
Full textFoudhil, Hadjira. "Développement d'un modèle numérique de dispersion atmosphérique de particules à l'échelle d'un paysage hétérogène." Bordeaux 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR12525.
Full textLogvinova, Kira. "Modèles mathématiques pour la diffusion en milieux poreux hétérogènes." Avignon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AVIG0501.
Full textTrevisiol, Céline. "Effet de la microstructure et de la rugosité sur le comportement au frottement et à l’usure d’aciers faiblement alliés." Thesis, Compiègne, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018COMP2430.
Full textThis thesis is an experimental work highlighting the effects of microstructure and roughness on friction and wear behavior of low alloy steels. That's why, low alloyed steels are carrefully selected in order to generate precise microstructures. Thus, different samples characterized by a chemical composition, a microstructure and a macro-hardness are generated and characterized tribojogically by performing friction tests. An original reflection was conducted to study the tribological behavior of the same steel with different microstructures for the same level of macrohardness. In addition, the effect of normal load on the contribution of microstructure and roughness on tribological behavior is investigated. This characterization is carried out by measurements of friction coefficient, wear rate, roughness parameters, micro-hardness and nanoindentation tests, energy dispersive analyzes, observatibns by using scanning electron microscopy and analysis of wear mechanisms. Finally, 273 configurations are studied and different trends are identified, Moreover, a comparison between the results from an experimental approach and a modeling approach of the tribological behavior of dual-phase microstructures was carried out. From this study, reflections are performed as regards the modes of the applied pressure pressure between the phases as function of roughness and normal load during the experimental friction tests
Maunoury, Aurélie. "Simulations numériques de l’ascension d’une particule évolutive sous l’effet du changement d’état liquide-solide." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13637.
Full textFlows of melting particles are involved in a wide field of industrial applications such as energetics, agroalimentary… We undertook the modeling and the numerical simulation of the rise of a single melting particle for a mode of moderate Reynolds number. We initially check the validity of the computer code. Then, the study of the rise of an indeformable particle (without fusion) cold moving in a hot fluid makes it possible to note the influence of the heat transfers between the particle and the fluid at the same time on the speed and the establishment of temperature field. The analysis of the process of rise of a single melting particle makes it possible to better understand the hydrodynamics, heat exchange liquid-solid and the phenomenon of fusion in the case of a rise
Derhoumi, Zine-El-Abidine. "Étude expérimentale et modélisation multi-physique des électrolyses diphasiques." Lorient, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORIS334.
Full textExperimental study: Observation and quantification of the bubble formation at one or both electrodes by cameras and the cell voltage measuring for two phase electrolysis. The diameter, cell voltage law evolution have been established according with investigated parameters (current density j, concentration C, gravity G and electrode material). Numerical study: The Numerical work was conducted on two scales (electrolyzer ; bubble). In the first step, Fluent® was used. In a second step, the modelisation was carried out for strong coupling between hydrodynamics (Fluidyn® CFD) and electrochemistry (Flux Expert®)
Dénes, Bejat Tímea. "Contribution expérimentale et numérique à l'étude du dépôt des particules fines dans les cavités ventilés." La Rochelle, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LAROS214.
Full textOur contribution to particle pollution studies brings at the same time an experimental and a numerical complement to the existing knowledge on indoor air quality in buildings. At the beginning we made a state of art of previous studies on fine particle dispersion and deposition in ventilated cavities. Our experimental studies were dedicated to carrying out measurements on particle deposition in two test chambers in 1 to 4 size scale relation. Our contribution highlighted the dispersion of bibliographic results and the comparison difficulty between results coming from different scale chambers. In each case, we studied simultaneously the particle deposition in function of ventilation strategy and of air change rate. During a more detailed numerical analysis, first we determined the fluid flow pattern and then particle dispersion and deposition in the ventilated cavity. At the beginning we used a Lagrangian numerical code developed in our laboratory where we integrated Brownian diffusion effects, but this approach becomes rapidly too expensive thus ineffective for simulations concerning particles smaller than 0. 5 µm diameter. For this reason we tested an Eulerian approach which seemed to be more adapted for submicron sized particles. In fact, the calculated values in comparison with measured ones prove a better performance of the Eulerian method for this particle size interval
Lewin, Mathieu. "Systèmes quantiques à grand nombre de particules :une perspective mathématique et numérique." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Cergy Pontoise, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00394205.
Full textUne première partie contient quelques résultats pour des systèmes finis. Nous étudions des approximations de l'équation de Schrödinger pour N électrons dans une molécule ou un atome, puis le modèle de Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov pour un système de fermions interagissant avec une force de type gravitationnelle.
Dans une seconde partie nous proposons une nouvelle méthode pour démontrer l'existence de la limite thermodynamique pour des systèmes quantiques interagissant avec la force de Coulomb.
Ensuite, nous construisons deux modèles de type Hartree-Fock pour des systèmes infinis. Le premier est un modèle relativiste, déduit de l'électrodynamique quantique, et qui permet de décrire le comportement d'électrons, couplés avec celui du vide de Dirac qui peut se polariser. Le second modèle décrit l'état d'un cristal non relativiste en présence d'un défaut chargé ; il est complété par une nouvelle approche numérique.
La dernière partie du mémoire est consacrée au problème de pollution spectrale, un phénomène observé lorsque l'on cherche à calculer des valeurs propres au milieu du spectre essentiel, par exemple pour des opérateurs de Dirac ou de Schrödinger périodique.
Angilella, Jean-Régis. "Étude asymptotique et numérique de la modification de la turbulence par des particules inertielles." Toulouse, INPT, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPT124H.
Full textBoudghène-Stambouli, Mustapha-el-Habib. "Analyse physique, modélisation et simulation numérique des écoulements turbulents instationnaires en canal pulsés." Toulouse, INPT, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPT049H.
Full textBoudraa, Kamla. "Comportement asymptotique de fluides non-newtoniens." Paris 9, 1987. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1987PA090019.
Full textAttallah, Réda. "Physique des collisionneurs et gerbes cosmiques de haute énergie." Perpignan, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PERP0189.
Full textMercet, Cédric. "Modélisation tridimentionnelle de l'évolution des transferts à l'échelle du pore." Bordeaux 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR12307.
Full textThill, Antoine. "Agrégation des particules : structure, dynamique et simulation : application au cas d'un écoulement stratifié : l'estuaire du Rhône." Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00109390.
Full textEn effet, afin de mener à bien cette étude, il a fallu développer de façon préliminaire différents outils. On a ainsi mis au point deux nouvelles méthodes de mesure expérimentale de la structure des agrégats qui échappent aux techniques existantes. Ces méthodes permettent, outre une meilleure connaissance du système, de développer et de valider un nouveau modèle de la cinétique de croissance des agrégats. Ce modèle numérique prend en compte la dimension fractale des agrégats ainsi que sa variabilité. Il est validé par confrontation à des données issues de la bibliographie et l'expériences.
Une étude de terrain dans l'estuaire du grand Rhône est menée dans des conditions hydrodynamiques contrastées (étiage, débit moyen et crue). Elle a permis d'obtenir, pour la première fois, une série de mesures de tailles de particules tout au long de la zone de mélange. Il est établi que les particules les plus grosses (supérieures à 5 microns) présentent une évolution contrôlée par la dilution, la sédimentation et
éventuellement la remise en suspension. Par contre, les particules plus petites (2 à 5 microns) montrent une augmentation de leur concentration le long de la zone de mélange. Dans les premiers temps du mélange, cette augmentation est liée à la fragmentation d'agrégats. Il est possible de montrer ensuite i) que l'agrégation des colloïdes ne peut expliquer cette augmentation que si ceux ci ne réagissent pas avec les fractions de tailles supérieures et présentent une réactivité très supérieure à la réactivité moyenne (alpha : 0.009) et ii) que la production primaire est un mécanisme probable pour expliquer cette augmentation.
Gaudin, Christophe. "Modélisation physique et numérique d'un écran de soutènement autostable : application à l'étude de l'interaction écran-fondation." Nantes, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NANT2077.
Full textTannous, Katia. "Contribution à l'étude hydrodynamique des lits fluidisés de grosses particules." Toulouse, INPT, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPT065G.
Full textAllys, Erwan. "Au-delà des modèles standards en cosmologie." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066141/document.
Full textThe current description of fundamental interactions is based on two theories with the status of standard models. The electromagnetic and nuclear interactions are described at a quantum level by the Standard Model of particle physics, using tools like gauge theories and spontaneous symmetry breaking by the Higgs mechanism. The gravitational interaction is described on the other hand by general relativity, based on a dynamical description of space-time at a classical level.Although these models are verified to high precision in the solar system experiments, they suffer from several theoretical weaknesses and a lack of predictive power at the Planck scale as well as at cosmological scales; they are thus not viewed anymore as fundamental theories. As its phenomenology involves both these extreme scales, cosmology is then a good laboratory to probe theories going beyond these standard models.The first part of this thesis focus on cosmic strings, topological defects forming during the spontaneous symmetry breaking of grand unified theories in the early universe. I show especially how to study these defects while taking into account the complete structure of the particles physics models leading to their formation, going beyond the standard descriptions in terms of simplified toy-models. The second part is devoted to the construction and the examination of different theories of modified gravity related to the Galileon model, a model which tries in particular to explain the dark energy phenomenology
Mei, Pu. "Corrélations spatiales des particules dans l’Hélium-6 et dans l’Hélium-8." Caen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CAEN2066.
Full textIn a nuclear system, each nucleon is subject to nuclear forces exerted by the others, and the structure of states provides evidence of the nature of the interactions. On the other hand, the nuclear wave function is a measure of the probability of a particular geometry. As such, it provides an illustrative picture of the geometric structures inside the nucleus. Knowledge of the geometries of nuclear matter in specific quantum states helps understand nuclear structure and interactions, provides theoretical validation and allows prediction of experimental results. This thesis has its focus on the geometries of two and four identical particle systems, in particular those resulting from the short-range attractive nature of nuclear interactions. For two-particle systems coupled to an arbitrary angular momentum, distinct spatial and angular configurations are found regularly related to the quantum numbers, which is explained analytically. Application to the Borromean halo nucleus 6He with first the delta interaction and then the pairing interaction shows the coexistence of the di-neutron and the cigar-like configurations, with a predominance of the former over the latter. As for four-particle systems, 8He is studied as a prototype. The expression of the angular probability density is derived analytically for a general 0+ state. Configurations in terms of relative angles where the angular probability density peaks fall into two categories of geometries with specific symmetries, which can be considered as the generalization of the geometries of a two-particle system to those of a four-particle system
Ben, Abdallah Naoufel. "Etude de modèles asymptotiques de transport de particules chargées : asymptotique de Child-Langmuir." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994EPXX0003.
Full textCotfas, Nicolae. "Modèles mathématiques pour cristaux et quasicristauxX." Grenoble INPG, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPG0130.
Full textBergot, Thierry. "Modélisation du brouillard à l'aide d'un modèle 1D forcé par des champs mésoéchelle : application à la prévision." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30281.
Full textLuu, Trung Kien. "Approche par changement d'échelle des caractéristiques rhéologiques d'une suspension de particules dans un fluide à seuil." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005508.
Full textJuntharee, Pongpol. "Quelques modèles mathématiques de jonctions." Phd thesis, Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20124.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the mathematical study of two kinds of junction problems. The first model is obtained as the variational limit of a junction problem in the scope of elasticity where the adhesive occupying the junction possesses a stiffness of the order of the thickness. One adds a smooth or non smooth convex surface energy density h to the elastic density W of the adhesive. This additional density conveys the fact that the joint and the adherents are not perfectly stuck together. We show that the asymptotic model consists in replacing the joint by a constraint which now is the inf-convolution of h and the limit density of W. In the scalar case we analyse the gradient concentration phenomenon at the interface by means of recent tools stemming from measure theory. In a second model, the stiffness of the adhesive is of the order of the inverse of the thickness of the junction. The bulk energy density of the adherents grows superlinearly while that of the adhesive grows linearly. Following the strategy used in the first problem, we propose a simplified but accurate model by studying the asymptotic behavior when the thickness goes to zero through a variational convergence method. At the limit the intermediate layer is replaced by a pseudo-plastic interface which allows cracks to appear
Juntharee, Pongpol. "Quelques modèles mathématiques de jonctions." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00833161.
Full textFilippi, Martine. "Evolution de l'informatique dans le domaine de la modelisation physique." Nantes, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NANT2012.
Full textBubnova, Radmila. "Pouziti souradnice "hydrostaticky tlak" pro integraci elastického modelu dynamiky atmosféry v numerickém predpovednim systému ARPEGE/ALADIN=." Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30067.
Full textMarciniak, Marie-Hélène. "Etude numérique à mésoéchelle du cycle diurne d'une circulation atmosphérique côtière influencée par un relief complexe (expérience LASBEK)." Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU30112.
Full textCollet, Gérard. "Apports linguistiques à l'analyse des mécanismes cognitifs de modélisation en sciences physiques." Grenoble INPG, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPG0135.
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