Journal articles on the topic 'Particular Characters'
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Amil, Ahmad Jami’ul, Nor Hasimah Ismail, and Mohammad Syawal Narawi. "Particular and General Moral Principles in Pramoedya Ananta Toer’s Novel Arus Balik." East African Scholars Journal of Education, Humanities and Literature 6, no. 02 (February 23, 2023): 70–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/easjehl.2023.v06i02.007.
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Moral is an individual act that relates to oneself and other people, morality will be always attached to the characters in a novel. Moral is an act that forms the background of the story and characters, linking together the truth of the two elements of individual morality and the social role of the state of society. That morality is the character’s reflection in facing situations and conflicts within him and society. This research aims to identify the moral principles contained in Pramoedya Ananta Toer's novel Arus Balik. The novel is a historical fiction with the theme of the transition of power in Majapahit before the arrival of the colonialists in Indonesia. This study aims to identify the moral principles of the characters in facing a change. This novel was chosen because it tells the story of the changes in social life that exist in the background of Indonesian society due to globalization and colonialism. Arus Balik is always passively studied and to highlight this, moral studies were conducted. The findings explain that in the moral principles used by the character started from the general then during its development was met with another character and the situation eventually developed into a particular morality. The moral principles highlighted are the idea of agent relativity and epistemic filter, that is, moral action on the basis of the public interest, through the motivation of independence for the independence of the homeland, and the individual moral principle of the act of love for the loved ones.
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Liu, Kun, Kang-Ming Chang, Ying-Ju Liu, and Jun-Hong Chen. "Animated Character Style Investigation with Decision Tree Classification." Symmetry 12, no. 8 (July 30, 2020): 1261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12081261.
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Although animated characters are based on human features, these features are exaggerated. These exaggerations greatly differ by country, gender, and the character’s role in the story. This study investigated the characteristics of US and Japanese character designs and the similarities and differences or even the differences in exaggerations between them. In particular, these similarities and differences can be used to formulate a shared set of principles for US and Japanese animated character designs; 90 Japanese and 90 US cartoon characters were analyzed. Lengths for 20 parts of the body were obtained for prototypical real human bodies and animated characters from Japan and the United States. The distributions of lengths were determined, for all characters and for characters as segmented by country, gender, and the character’s role in the story. We also compared the body part lengths of animated characters and prototypical real human bodies, noting whether exaggerations were towards augmentation or diminishment. In addition, a decision tree classification method was used to determine the required body length parameters for identifying the classification conditions of animated characters by country, gender, and character’s role in the story. The results indicated that both US and Japanese male animated characters tend to feature exaggerations in head and body sizes, with exaggerations for US characters being more obvious. The decision tree only required five length parameters of the head and chest to distinguish between US and Japanese animated characters (accuracy = 94.48% and 67.46% for the training and testing groups, respectively). Through a decision tree method, this study quantitatively revealed the exaggeration patterns in animated characters and their differences by country, gender, and character’s role in the story. The results serve as a reference for designers and researchers of animated character model designs with regards to quantifying and classifying character exaggerations.
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Bidaud, Samuel. "Pour une poétique du nom de personnage." Interlitteraria 21, no. 1 (July 4, 2016): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/il.2016.21.1.10.
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Prolegomena to a poetics of the character’s name. We propose in this article a poetics of the character’s name. The character’s name can be studied from an autonomous point of view as well as from a structural point of view. From an autonomous point of view, at first, we show that the character’s name especially reflects a personal, a social, a physical, a generic, a geographical, an autobiographical or a referential characteristic of the character. We also focus on two particular cases, the case in which the name of the character is incomplete and the case in which the identity of the character is changing. The structural point of view, on the contrary, consists in studying the names of the characters of a same work by comparing them to each other. We focus in this way on the thematic role of the characters’ names, and on the case in which some phonetic features are recurrent in the names of several characters and must therefore be interpreted. We eventually mention the problem of the translation of the characters’ names, focusing on two situations: the situation in which the character’s name has no obvious meaning, and is not really translated, and the situation in which the character’s name has a real meaning, and is either translated literally or adapted.
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Ginting, Nurlisa, Nurinayat Vinky Rahman, Achmad Delianur Nasution, and Julaihi Wahid. "Particular Characters in Heritage Tourism to Attract Visitors: A comparative study in Sumatra, Indonesia." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 6, no. 18 (December 31, 2021): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6i18.2995.
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Sumatra is one of the provinces in Indonesia that has great heritage tourism potential. The existence of attractive cultural buildings and traditional transportation is the particular character of heritage tourism. Heritage tourism significant benefits the economy and quality of life by showing the particular character of local people and culture. This study was conducted to compare particular characters with similar heritage tourism in Sumatra using a concurrent mixed-method. This study indicates monumental historical buildings and traditional transportation with particular characters significantly attract tourists and influence their intention to visit and revisit. Keywords: Heritage tourism; particular character; distinctiveness; attract visitors eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bsby e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, UniversitiTeknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6i18.2995
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Lin, Grace, and Marilyn Walker. "All the World's a Stage: Learning Character Models from Film." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment 7, no. 1 (October 9, 2011): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aiide.v7i1.12431.
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Many forms of interactive digital entertainment involve interacting with virtual dramatic characters. Our long term goal is to procedurally generate character dialogue behavior that automatically mimics, or blends, the style of existing characters. In this paper, we show how linguistic elements in character dialogue can define the style of characters in our RPG SpyFeet. We utilize a corpus of 862 film scripts from the IMSDb website, representing 7,400 characters, 664,000 lines of dialogue and 9,599,000 word tokens. We utilize counts of linguistic reflexes that have been used previously for personality or author recognition to discriminate different character types. With classification experiments, we show that different types of characters can be distinguished at accuracies up to 83% over a baseline of 20%. We discuss the characteristics of the learned models and show how they can be used to mimic particular film characters.
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Yagin, Egor I. "SPECIFICS OF SPATIAL ORGANISATION AND ITS ROLE IN TRANSFORMATION OF SUBJECTIVAL TEXT STRUCTURE IN THE NOVEL A DISTANT JOURNEY BY B.K. ZAYTSEV." Proceedings of Southern Federal University. Philology 26, no. 1 (March 20, 2022): 117–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18522/1995-0640-2022-1-117-128.
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This article reviews spatial organization in the novel A Distant Journey by B.K. Zaytsev. An important part of spatial organization is the category of the Other, which appears to be constitutionally significant. Position of the Other space or hero helps to highlight subjects substituting and interchanging, and the same is characteristic for locus. Both a character and a place can represent an example of The Other. Coming-of-age of a character comes from interacting with The Other, something different from the character’s Self. The comparison of the Self with The Other acts as a trigger for subject’s transformation. A particular location happens to be connected with a particular narrative subject. Analysis of spatial structure of the novel allows to discover the patterns of subjective text organization transformation and to define important connections of particular places and characters/
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Yiming, Gao. "The problem of changing points of view in the novel Jacob’s Ladder by L. Ulitskaya." Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philology. Journalism 22, no. 3 (August 24, 2022): 336–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1817-7115-2022-22-3-336-341.
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The article considers the change of points of view of the narrator and characters in the novel Jacob’s Ladder by L. Ulitskaya, which is characterized by polyphony and the combination of different narrative situations. By analyzing the composition and specific paragraphs of the novel, the main text forms that reflect the characters’ points of view are summarized: characters’ old letters and diaries, their dialogues, internal monologues, as well as the narrative texts in which the narrator seems to be standing behind the character, portraying the picture presented in the eyes of a specific character. The narrative features of these forms of rendering characters’ points of view and their role in creating the image of a character and in revealing their inner state are considered separately. The memoir-epistolary texts, as an important component of the novel, also play a plot-compositional function, forming an important storyline of the older generation of Osetsky family, and is the main way for the heroine Nora to know her grandfather Jacob. The inner speech of the characters is reflected in direct, indirect and free indirect speeches. Sometimes it is embedded in the dialogue between the characters as a “voice-over”, revealing the mental state of one of the interlocutors. The specific passages, in which the character’s speech blends with the author's text, are analyzed, and the closeness of the author-narrator to Nora is observed. It is revealed that the novel Jacob’s Ladder is characterized by a constant change of points of view, realized by the author’s compositional design and the active interaction of various narrative forms, which is also a particular feature of this writer’s creative manner in creating this novel.
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Wibowo, Eko Nur. "RELEVANSI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM FILM KUNGFU PANDA TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Raushan Fikr 7, no. 2 (March 20, 2019): 131–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/jimrf.v7i2.2514.
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This study aims to describe the values of character education in the film Kung Fu Panda and its relevance with Islamic education. This research is qualitative research using descriptive method. The data is taken from the character's dialogue in particular intercultural dialogue involving the main characters. That data is then described and analysed. This research focuses on the educational value of the character in the film.. This research found several values character education that is religious, honest, discipline, hard work, creative, democratic, curiosity, love of the motherland, social care, and responsibility. Values that are relevant to the purpose of the concept of Islamic religious education in shaping attitudes, terpuju (mahmudah morals).
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Matsukida, Hirotsugu, Yuta Mieno, and Hiroyuki Fujioka. "Reconstructing Handwriting Character Font Models with Incorrect Stroke Order." International Journal of Mobile Computing and Multimedia Communications 6, no. 2 (April 2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmcmc.2014040101.
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This paper considers the problem for reconstructing handwriting character fonts based on the so-called dynamic font method. In particular, supposing that the authors are given such character fonts with incorrect stroke order, the authors develop a scheme for correctly modifying the stroke order of characters. Such a scheme is developed by utilizing the so-called starting point fixation method and the dynamic font method. Then it is shown using a theory of smoothing splines that the authors can reconstruct the character fonts to natural cursive characters even when the stroke order of characters is incorrect. The usefulness and effectiveness are examined by experimental studies.
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Isaacs, I. M. "The π-character theory of solvable groups." Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society. Series A. Pure Mathematics and Statistics 57, no. 1 (August 1994): 81–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1446788700036077.
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AbstractThere is a deeper structure to the ordinary character theory of finite solvable groups than might at first be apparent. Mauch of this structure, which has no analog for general finite gruops, becomes visible onyl when the character of solvable groups are viewes from the persepective of a particular set π of prime numbers. This purely expository paper discusses the foundations of this πtheory and a few of its applications. Included are the definitions and essential properties of Gajendragadkar's π-special characters and their connections with the irreducible πpartial characters and their associated Fong characters. Included among the consequences of the theory discussed here are applications to questions about the field generated by the values of a character, about extensions of characters of subgroups and about M-groups.
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Huk, Tomasz. "CHARACTERISTIC OF THE MOST POPULAR MOVIE CHARACTERS AMONG CHILDREN – EDUCATIONAL CONTEXTS." Problems of Education in the 21st Century 56, no. 1 (November 25, 2013): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pec/13.56.66.
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Mass media play an essential role at almost every stage of human’s life. The media have a particular influence on children who are not entirely aware of their message. A part of reality surrounding children was examined in order to determine the features of favourite movie characters and preferable situations in which said a character participates. The results obtained through a diagnostic survey indicate that there is a statistically significant difference between girls and boys choices of a movie character. This article focuses on the aspects of using children’s favourite characters by a teacher in education. The presented discussion regarded also the problem of children emulating movie characters. Key words: movie character, education, gender, and media.
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Araya-Ajoy, Yimen G., and Niels J. Dingemanse. "Characterizing behavioural ‘characters’: an evolutionary framework." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1776 (February 7, 2014): 20132645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.2645.
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Biologists often study phenotypic evolution assuming that phenotypes consist of a set of quasi-independent units that have been shaped by selection to accomplish a particular function. In the evolutionary literature, such quasi-independent functional units are called ‘evolutionary characters’, and a framework based on evolutionary principles has been developed to characterize them. This framework mainly focuses on ‘fixed’ characters, i.e. those that vary exclusively between individuals. In this paper, we introduce multi-level variation and thereby expand the framework to labile characters, focusing on behaviour as a worked example. We first propose a concept of ‘behavioural characters’ based on the original evolutionary character concept. We then detail how integration of variation between individuals (cf. ‘personality’) and within individuals (cf. ‘individual plasticity’) into the framework gives rise to a whole suite of novel testable predictions about the evolutionary character concept. We further propose a corresponding statistical methodology to test whether observed behaviours should be considered expressions of a hypothesized evolutionary character. We illustrate the application of our framework by characterizing the behavioural character ‘aggressiveness’ in wild great tits, Parus major .
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Omar, Bayan. "Individuality Representation in Character Recognition." Journal of University of Human Development 1, no. 2 (April 30, 2015): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/juhd.v1n2y2015.pp300-305.
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The task of recognition that is based on handwriting characters in the Kurdish language is an interesting study in the area of computer vision and pattern recognition. In the past couple of years, numerous state-of-the-art techniques and methods have been created for pattern recognition. On the other hand, Kurdish language handwriting recognition has been seen to be more difficult when compared to other different languages. The similarities in the properties in Kurdish characters is the primary reason of the great resemblance in the features of Kurdish handwriting characters, therefore the requirement for the recognition process is critical. Consequently, to obtain accurate and precise recognition on the basis of the Kurdish handwriting character, it is crucial for the resemblances in the character properties of Kurdish handwriting to be distinguished. To identify a particular character, the style of character handwriting may be evaluated to enable the implied representation of the hidden unique features of the user’s character. Unique features may guide in recognizing characters that may be important when recognizing the correct character among similar characters. On the other hand, the problem of the resemblances in the properties of handwriting of Kurdish characters were not taken into account ,consequently leaving a high chance of reducing the similarity error for any intra-class (of the same character),with the reduction of the similarity error for any inter-class (of different characters) as well. In order to obtain higher effectiveness, this study uses discretization features for reducing the similarity error for intra-class (of the same character),with the increase of the similarity error for inter-class (of different characters)in recognition of Kurdish Handwriting characters with MAE.
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DARAFSHEH, M. R., M. RAJABI TARKHORANI, and A. DANESHKHAH. "IRREDUCIBLE COMPLEX CHARACTERS OF THE FULL AFFINE GROUP." International Journal of Algebra and Computation 05, no. 01 (February 1995): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218196795000021.
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In this paper we describe how the entire complex character table of the affine subgroup of the general linear group Hn can be constructed inductively. In particular a number of certain irreducible characters of Hn which were studied by Gow [5] are obtained. We also describe some irreducible characters of the affine symplectic group. In all cases the powerful and interesting method of B. Fischer is employed.
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Poimenidou, Eirini, and Homer Wolfe. "Total characters and Chebyshev polynomials." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 2003, no. 38 (2003): 2447–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s0161171203201046.
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The total characterτof a finite groupGis defined as the sum of all the irreducible characters ofG. K. W. Johnson asks when it is possible to expressτas a polynomial with integer coefficients in a single irreducible character. In this paper, we give a complete answer to Johnson's question for all finite dihedral groups. In particular, we show that, when such a polynomial exists, it is unique and it is the sum of certain Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind in any faithful irreducible character of the dihedral groupG.
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Famoso, Josephine May Grace Aclan. "Slivers of Hope: Women in Dystopian Trilogy." NOTION: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Culture 3, no. 2 (November 23, 2021): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/notion.v3i2.4809.
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This paper explores the struggles, goals, and motivations of the women characters in The Hunger Games Trilogy. In detail, the study employs Elaine Showalter’s Feminist theory to reveal the women characters’ categories in terms of three stages: feminine, feminist and female. In the study, some of the women characters living in the dehumanized society of Panem have attained the last stage of feminism which is the female stage. However, other women characters are not able to fulfill their goals. Still, due to the women characters’ demand to change the system, they start an uprising. For example, the main character, Katniss Everdeen, contributes to the collapse of the ruling government in power as she accepts being the Mockingjay, the symbol of revolution. Another woman character to exemplify such a noble act is Johanna Mason who becomes part of the rebellion and survives the war against the unjust ruling of the Capitol. These women characters are slivers of light amidst the chaos. In conclusion, it is discovered that women characters play pivotal roles in society. This suggests that women characters recognize their power to accelerate societal advancement. For this dystopian trilogy, in particular, women become symbols of hope.
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Blacket, Mark J., Catherine Kemper, and Robert Brandle. "Planigales (Marsupialia : Dasyuridae) of eastern Australia's interior: a comparison of morphology, distributions and habitat preferences, with particular emphasis on South Australia." Australian Journal of Zoology 56, no. 3 (2008): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo08057.
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Correct species identification is an essential step in characterising an organism’s geographic range and ecological requirements. In this study the morphology, distribution and habitat preferences of eastern Australia’s three species of inland planigales, Planigale ingrami, P. tenuirostris and P. gilesi, were compared, particularly to establish consistent differences between the morphologically similar Planigale ingrami and P. tenuirostris, which earlier molecular evidence had suggested were easily misidentified. Specimens that had previously been characterised genetically were examined to find diagnostic morphological characters for each species. External measurements indicated that P. tenuirostris was larger than P. ingrami, but size ranges overlap considerably. Several external characters, including basal width of the supratragus and foot morphology, differentiate each species; however tail length was not a reliable distinguishing character. Bivariate plots of several skull characters also enabled species identification. Competition within each species may be reduced by sexual dimorphism in dental morphology, while differences in skull shape may indicate past character displacement between Planigale species. In South Australia P. ingrami and P. tenuirostris are broadly sympatric with P. gilesi but not with each other. There appears to be ecological habitat separation between all three species, with P. ingrami being the most restricted in distribution and habitat requirements, P. gilesi occurring in similar habitats but in a wider range of vegetation communities, and P. tenuirostris being the least tied to flood-prone habitats.
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Simmons, Reid, Maxim Makatchev, Rachel Kirby, Min Kyung Lee, Imran Fanaswala, Brett Browning, Jodi Forlizzi, and Majd Sakr. "Believable Robot Characters." AI Magazine 32, no. 4 (December 16, 2011): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v32i4.2383.
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Believability of characters has been an objective in literature, theater, film, and animation. We argue that believable robot characters are important in human-robot interaction, as well. In particular, we contend that believable characters evoke users’ social responses that, for some tasks, lead to more natural interactions and are associated with improved task performance. In a dialogue-capable robot, a key to such believability is the integration of a consistent storyline, verbal and nonverbal behaviors, and sociocultural context. We describe our work in this area and present empirical results from three robot receptionist testbeds that operate "in the wild."
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Conway, Colleen. "SPEAKING THROUGH AMBIGUITY: MINOR CHARACTERS IN THE FOURTH GOSPEL." Biblical Interpretation 10, no. 3 (2002): 324–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156851502760226293.
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AbstractThis article challenges the assumption that minor characters in the Fourth Gospel represent individual traits or varying degrees of belief in Jesus. It begins with an overview of the standard "representative" approach to Johannine characterization. This includes a brief survey of the history of interpretation of particular characters, revealing little agreement among readers as to what each character typifies. The study then moves to a discussion of the minor characters. The author does not presuppose a unified narrative with each character neatly fulfilling a narrative function. Instead, the analysis leans in the direction of deconstruction and its assumption of persistent textual indeterminacy. In this light, the study argues that nearly all of the minor characters appear unstable and shifting, particularly in relation to Jesus. Instead of assuming a position on a spectrum of negative to positive faith responses, the minor characters move individually up and down such a spectrum. The article concludes with an exploration of how the minor characters, as a group, challenge the polarized world of the Gospel.
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Fuertes, W. Garc a., and A. M. Perelomov. "The generating function for a particular class of characters ofSU(n)." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 35, no. 24 (June 10, 2002): L335—L340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/35/24/101.
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Wang, Jason, Kaiqun Fu, Zhiqian Chen, and Chang-Tien Lu. "Augmentation of Chinese Character Representations with Compositional Graph Learning (Student Abstract)." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 36, no. 11 (June 28, 2022): 13075–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i11.21674.
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Chinese characters have semantic-rich compositional information in radical form. While almost all previous research has applied CNNs to extract this compositional information, our work utilizes deep graph learning on a compact, graph-based representation of Chinese characters. This allows us to exploit temporal information within the strict stroke order used in writing characters. Our results show that our stroke-based model has potential for helping large-scale language models on some Chinese natural language understanding tasks. In particular, we demonstrate that our graph model produces more interpretable embeddings shown through word subtraction analogies and character embedding visualizations.
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Sokalska, Małgorzata. "Bohaterowie drugiego planu – o postaciach służących w operze." Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka, no. 42 (September 30, 2022): 207–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pspsl.2022.42.12.
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The article is devoted to the characters of servants in opera and their two radically different variants: a clever servant and a nursemaid. The first variant, rooted in the ancient tradition, becomes more independent with time, and these characters become fully-fledged and sometimes even turn into main characters (e.g. Figaro or Leporello.) The other variant is rooted in the Baroque, when nursemaids were treated, similarly to clever servants, as comic characters. The evolution of the character of a nursemaid in opera turns towards realism, fabulousness and highlighting archetypal features, which can be seen in the examples taken mainly from the Russian operatic tradition. Both types of servants in opera show that despite their socially secondary meaning, these characters serve important functions and become key for the interpretation of a particular scene as a whole.
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Penoyer-Kulin, Trevor. "Narration, Voice, and Character in the Soundtrack to David Fincher's Gone Girl." Music and the Moving Image 15, no. 2 (July 1, 2022): 44–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/19407610.15.2.03.
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Abstract This article looks at how the soundtrack for the movie Gone Girl operates on several different narratological levels: it represents characters, it expresses character psychology, and sometimes even seems controlled by one particular character. In this way, it informs how we read the dynamic between the film's two married protagonists.
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Ahsan, Shahrukh, Shah Tarik Nawaz, Talha Bin Sarwar, M. Saef Ullah Miah, and Abhijit Bhowmik. "A machine learning approach for Bengali handwritten vowel character recognition." IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) 11, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 1143. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijai.v11.i3.pp1143-1152.
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Recognition of handwritten characters is complex because of the different shapes and numbers of characters. Many handwritten character recognition strategies have been proposed for both English and other major dialects. Bengali is generally considered the fifth most spoken local language in the world. It is the official and most widely spoken language of Bangladesh and the second most widely spoken among the 22 posted dialects of India. To improve the recognition of handwritten Bengali characters, we developed a different approach in this study using face mapping. It is quite effective in distinguishing different characters. The real highlight is that the recognition results are more efficient than expected with a simple machine learning technique. The proposed method uses the Python library Scikit-Learn, including NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib, and support vector machine (SVM) classifier. The proposed model uses a dataset derived from the BanglaLekha isolated dataset for the training and testing part. The new approach shows positive results and looks promising. It showed accuracy up to 94% for a particular character and 91% on average for all characters.
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Ruano San Segundo, Pablo. "A corpus-stylistic approach to Dickens’ use of speech verbs: Beyond mere reporting." Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics 25, no. 2 (May 2016): 113–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963947016631859.
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The creation of Dickens’ most memorable characters is partly a result of his talent for endowing them with individual voices and characteristic turns of speech. However, insufficient attention has been paid to the role played by the speech verbs that gloss his characters’ words and the functions they may fulfil. The fact that the characterising potential of these speech verbs has previously been overlooked may be due to their dispersal through the texts and the difficulty of carrying out a close analysis of their role and functions. The use of a corpus methodology allows the systematic retrieval of these verbs and reveals how Dickens consistently uses particular verbs to report the speech of particular characters, thus further projecting character traits. This practice is not an isolated phenomenon but, as an analysis of Dickens’ 14 major completed novels shows, an important stylistic device in his works.
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Huang, Bin, Jiaqi Lin, Jinming Liu, Jie Chen, Jiemin Zhang, Yendo Hu, Erkang Chen, and Jingwen Yan. "Separating Chinese Character from Noisy Background Using GAN." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2021 (May 1, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9922017.
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Separating printed or handwritten characters from a noisy background is valuable for many applications including test paper autoscoring. The complex structure of Chinese characters makes it difficult to obtain the goal because of easy loss of fine details and overall structure in reconstructed characters. This paper proposes a method for separating Chinese characters based on generative adversarial network (GAN). We used ESRGAN as the basic network structure and applied dilated convolution and a novel loss function that improve the quality of reconstructed characters. Four popular Chinese fonts (Hei, Song, Kai, and Imitation Song) on real data collection were tested, and the proposed design was compared with other semantic segmentation approaches. The experimental results showed that the proposed method effectively separates Chinese characters from noisy background. In particular, our methods achieve better results in terms of Intersection over Union (IoU) and optical character recognition (OCR) accuracy.
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Yokogawa, Kōji. "Morphological differences between species of the sea bass genus Lateolabrax (Teleostei, Perciformes), with particular emphasis on growth-related changes." ZooKeys 859 (July 2, 2019): 69–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.859.32624.
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Morphological differences, including growth-related changes, were examined in three morphologically similar East Asian sea bass species,Lateolabraxjaponicus,L.maculatusandL.latus. In many cases, body measurements indicated specific patterns of growth-related proportional changes.Lateolabraxlatusdiffered from the other two species in having greater body depth, caudal peduncle depth, caudal peduncle anterior depth, snout length, and upper and lower jaw length proportions. In particular, scatter plots for caudal peduncle anterior depth relative to standard length (SL) in that species indicated complete separation from those of the other two species, being a new key character for identification. Comparisons ofL.japonicusandL.maculatusrevealed considerable proportional differences in many length-measured characters, including fin lengths (first and second dorsal, caudal and pelvic), snout length, post-orbital preopercular width (POPW) and post-orbital length. In particular, snout length (SNL) and POPW proportions of the former were greater and smaller for specimens >200 and ≤ 200 mm SL, respectively. Because the scatter plots of these proportions for the two species did not overlap each other in either size range, identification of the species was possible using a combination of the two characters. In addition, scatter plots of the POPW / SNL proportion (%) ofL.japonicusandL.maculatuswere almost completely separated throughout the entire size range examined (border level 90%), a further aid to identification. The numbers of pored lateral line scales and scales above the lateral line tended to increase and decrease with growth, respectively, inL.japonicus, whereas scales below the lateral line and gill raker numbers tended to increase with growth inL.maculatus. Because the ranges of these meristic characters may therefore vary with specimen size, they are unsuitable for use as key characters. Accordingly, a new key is proposed for the genusLateolabrax.
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Wilson, Kim. "Living History Fiction." Papers: Explorations into Children's Literature 20, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/pecl2010vol20no1art1151.
Full textAbstract:
During my research into historical fiction for children and young adult readers I came across a range of texts that relied on a living or lived experience of history to frame the historical story. These novels were similar to the time-slip narrative; however, not all examples used the traditional convention of time-slippage. I wanted to bundle these novels together - 'time-slip' novels included - as examples of 'living history' narratives because they appeared from the outset as a distinct literary form requiring particular reading strategies. These texts, which I will refer to as Living history novels, require readers to align uncritically with modern perception. Readers are persuasively invited to assume that the modern characters' perception of the past is authentic because it has been formed by a lived experience of history. In Living history novels, readers are positioned to perceive both the strengths and weaknesses of past and present times, ultimately reconciling the two in a present that faces chronologically forwards. Modern focalising characters in Living history fiction place modern perception in a superior relationship to that of the past.This sub-genre of historical novels is distinctive in its strong and consistent modern character focalisation and point of view. The Living history novel creates a confluence of past and present, be it physically or psychically. Characters are variously conveyed from a generalised present, or past, to an explicit historical period or event. The Living history novel is distinctive in its intense character introversion, quest journey and self-discovery. The most important outcome of the living history experience is that characters learn something significant about themselves. Because the story is about the modern character's quest and self realisation, the past is consistently perceived from their point of view. Modern characters are transported in time and readers are only rarely invited to see the past from a past point of view.
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Pidhorna, Anna, and Olha Moiseienko. "THE PECULIARITIES OF CONVEYING THE SOCIAL STATUS OF FICTION CHARACTERS IN TRANSLATION (BASED ON J. FOWLES’ NOVEL «THE COLLECTOR»)." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, no. 11(79) (September 29, 2021): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2021-11(79)-12-15.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to the sociolinguistic aspects of studying the social status and its reflection in literary texts through the speech of fiction characters. Particular attention is paid to the description of the key concept «social status» as a constituent element of the literary character’s image as well as to the research of the ways the character and his/her linguistic peculiarities are represented in the literary text. It was hypothesized that the character’s social status, education level, and worldview in general must be explicitly seen through the speech the author ascribes to the character. The article deals with the novel «The Collector» by J. Fowles and focuses on analyzing the speech peculiarities of its main character, Miranda. Her language is full of various stylistic devices and expressive means, which also testifies how open-minded this personality is, proves her ability to listen and accept different points of view. Miranda’s speech can be described as extremely poetic and emotional. Concerning key linguistic features of her speech, both lexical and grammatical ones can play a role in defining the character’s social status. The article also studies and analyzes the ways of reproducing the stylistic features in the Ukrainian translation of the novel made by G. Yanovska.
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Shokhrukhovna, Ulugova Shohida. "THE WORLDVIEW OF THE CHARACTERS AND UPDATING OF METAPHORS IN THE TEXT." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 2 (February 10, 2021): 5915–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i2.3064.
Full textAbstract:
This article examines the use of metaphors in the text of works of art. In particular, based on the material of the novel by Charlotte Bronte “Jane Eyre”, using conceptual metaphors that reflect the mental state of a person, the inner world, worldview, and attitude to life of the main characters of the work, such as Jane, Rochester and John, are revealed, and the similarities and differences of their character are shown.
In the article, the main position is taken by the question of the degree of representation of persons-conceptualizers who perceive the world picture in metaphors. This makes it possible to study the problem and collect information about the characters in the work, including the cognitive activity of Jane Eyre.
Ultimately, the analysis of metaphor, actualized in the speech of the main characters of the novel, it became apparent that these expressions, along with a reflection of the attitude to life characters, give impetus to the formation of metaphors. In particular, the expansion of the semantic scope of metaphorical expressions used by Jane is a product of the development of her cognitive abilities and capabilities based on increasing life experience.
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Suthar, Sanket B., and Amit R. Thakkar. "CNN-Based Optical Character Recognition for Isolated Printed Gujarati Characters and Handwritten Numerals." International Journal of Mathematical, Engineering and Management Sciences 7, no. 5 (October 1, 2022): 643–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.33889/ijmems.2022.7.5.042.
Full textAbstract:
Optical character recognition (OCR) technologies have made significant progress in the field of language recognition. Gujarati is a more difficult language to recognize compared to other languages because of curves, close loops, the inclusion of modifiers, and the presence of joint characters. So great effort has been laid into the literature for Gujarati OCR. Recently deep learning-based CNN models are applied to develop OCR for different languages but Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) models are not yet giving a satisfactory performance to recognize Gujarati characters. So, this paper proposes a revolutionary Gujarati printed characters and numerals recognition CNN models. CNN-PGC (CNN for - Printed Gujarati Character) and CNN-HGC (CNN for - Handwritten Gujarati Character) are two optimally configured Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) presented in this research for printed Gujarati base characters and handwritten numbers, respectively. Concerning particular performance indicators, the suggested work's performance is evaluated and proven against that of other traditional models and with the latest baseline methods. Experimental analysis has been carried out on well-segmented newly generated Gujarati base characters and numerals dataset which includes 36 consonants, 13 vowels, and 10 handwritten numerals. Variation in the database is also taken into consideration during experiments like size, skew, noise blue, etc. Even in the presence of printing irregularities, writing irregularities, and degradations the proposed method achieves a 98.08% recognition rate for print characters and a 95.24 % recognition rate for handwritten numerals which is better than other existing models.
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Deng, Siqi, and Wenhua Hu. "An examination of Chinese character writing errors: Developmental differences among Chinese as a foreign language learners." Journal of Chinese Writing Systems 6, no. 1 (March 2022): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/25138502221066611.
Full textAbstract:
With interlanguage corpora, this study investigates the handwriting errors by Chinese as a foreign language (CFL) learners from eight countries and three language families (Indo-European languages, Slavic languages, Romance languages), including wrongly written characters and misused characters. The results indicate that the most common mistake among elementary, intermediate and advanced learners is wrongly written characters mainly caused by misuse of components, especially confusion between components and miswriting of components. Besides, stroke errors also matter. The reduction and improper location of strokes, in particular, trouble learners a great deal. As to the misused characters, how to differentiate similar characters is where the difficulties lie. On the whole, from the elementary stage to the intermediate stage, both types of errors decrease significantly, while after the intermediate stage, the decrease of wrongly written characters is more significant than that of the misused characters. Moreover, for advanced learners, the frequencies of these errors are basically the same. The study findings demonstrate that it is crucial for CFL learners to rapidly develop their awareness of orthography between the elementary and intermediate stages. This will last roughly 9 months. Advanced learners are usually well aware of orthography, but their awareness development of the form, pronunciation and meaning is not synchronized. They still make mistakes with details when writing. This research is instructive in the teaching of Chinese character handwriting. It points out the problems and countermeasures of online Chinese character handwriting courses during the pandemic and thus contributes advice to online Chinese character teaching during the long-term future.
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Bazhenova, Ya G. "Artistic functions of Models of Manipulative Speech Interaction in Dialogues of Heroes by F.M. Dostoevsky." Nauchnyi dialog 11, no. 4 (May 19, 2022): 9–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2022-11-4-9-28.
Full textAbstract:
The models of manipulative communication in the dialogues of the characters of F. M. Dostoevsky are highlighted in terms of their artistic functions in the narrative. The material for the research is the texts of the novels by F. M. Dostoevsky “Crime and Punishment”, “The Idiot”, “Demons”, “Teenager” and “The Brothers Karamazov”. Particular attention is paid to plot-forming and character-forming functions. It has been established that the plot-forming functions of dialogues with elements of manipulative communication lie in the fact that they psychologically prepare future plot twists or act as a direct impetus to change a particular plot situation, embodying the narrative setting for reticence, silence, hiding “sore spots” in the minds of characters. The analysis revealed that the character-forming functions of dialogues with elements of manipulative communication lie in the artistic embodiment of dramatic relationships between the characters, often at turning points in their lives, when the complex and intense inner life of the character is suddenly revealed to readers. It is shown that the use of certain manipulative techniques by the addressee does not always lead to a violation of the postulates of cooperative communication or the principle of politeness: in a number of cases, manipulation in the addressee's zone may have the goal of just observing the postulate of tact. It is concluded that the use of the analyzed manipulative strategies serves as an artistic means of revealing the character of the hero in speech, when the character, imperceptibly for himself, reveals his inner world to the reader.
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Kaczorowski, Jerzy, and Kazimierz Wiertelak. "Lower estimates related to the twisted Dedekind function." International Journal of Number Theory 12, no. 07 (September 6, 2016): 1801–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793042116501116.
Full textAbstract:
Let [Formula: see text] be a Dirichlet character. The main goal of this paper is to study oscillations of the difference [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] denotes the twisted Dedekind function. We prove that for infinitely many odd characters [Formula: see text] called “good”, we have [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] when [Formula: see text] is real. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for [Formula: see text] to be good, and in particular we prove that all odd primitive characters are good. We show also that there are infinitely many moduli [Formula: see text], including all prime powers [Formula: see text], for which all odd characters [Formula: see text] are good.
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Wagner, Peter J., Marcello Ruta, and Michael I. Coates. "Evolutionary patterns in early tetrapods. II. Differing constraints on available character space among clades." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 273, no. 1598 (May 16, 2006): 2113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2006.3561.
Full textAbstract:
Radiations of large clades often accompany rapid morphological diversification. Evolutionary biologists debate the impact of external restrictions imposed by ecology, and intrinsic constraints imposed by development and genetics, on the rate at which morphological innovations are gained. These issues are particularly interesting for groups such as tetrapods, which evolved novel body plans relative to their piscine ancestors and which also invaded new ecosystems following terrestrialization. Prior studies have addressed these issues by looking at either ranges of morphological variation or rates of character change. Here, we address a related but distinct issue: the numbers of characters that freely vary within a clade. We modify techniques similar to those used by ecologists to infer species richnesses to estimate the number of potentially varying characters given the distributions of changes implied by a model phylogeny. Our results suggest both increasing constraints/restrictions and episodes of ‘character release’ (i.e. increasing the number of potentially varying characters). In particular, we show that stem lissamphibians had a restricted character space relative to that of stem amniotes, and that stem amniotes both had restrictions on some parts of character space but also invaded new character space that had been unavailable to stem tetrapods.
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Carmel, Liran, Yuri I. Wolf, Igor B. Rogozin, and Eugene V. Koonin. "EREM: Parameter Estimation and Ancestral Reconstruction by Expectation-Maximization Algorithm for a Probabilistic Model of Genomic Binary Characters Evolution." Advances in Bioinformatics 2010 (May 6, 2010): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/167408.
Full textAbstract:
Evolutionary binary characters are features of species or genes, indicating the absence (value zero) or presence (value one) of some property. Examples include eukaryotic gene architecture (the presence or absence of an intron in a particular locus), gene content, and morphological characters. In many studies, the acquisition of such binary characters is assumed to represent a rare evolutionary event, and consequently, their evolution is analyzed using various flavors of parsimony. However, when gain and loss of the character are not rare enough, a probabilistic analysis becomes essential. Here, we present a comprehensive probabilistic model to describe the evolution of binary characters on a bifurcating phylogenetic tree. A fast software tool, EREM, is provided, using maximum likelihood to estimate the parameters of the model and to reconstruct ancestral states (presence and absence in internal nodes) and events (gain and loss events along branches).
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Lagun, A. "USAGE OF THE STEGANOGRAPHIC ALGORITHMS FOR TEXT INFORMATION HIDING." Bulletin of Lviv State University of Life Safety, no. 18 (December 31, 2018): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.32447/20784643.18.2018.04.
Full textAbstract:
Today cryptographic and steganographic systems provide the best information security of society. Cryptography transforms information into the incomprehensible form with using the cryptographic keys and algorithms. Steganography hides the secret information in unknown place of object.
The steganographic algorithms, which hide message in text container, are researched in the article.
For process of hiding are used the text file-container properties. The hide message converts to the binary numbers system. User puts ones or zeros into the defined places of text file-container. These places have special characteristics.
There may be two types of hiding: insertion and replacement.
In case of insertion the hiding message adds to file-container with using invisible characters in viewing mode of text file. Then the size of full container with hided message is bigger than size of empty container.
If used the replacing method then the characters of file-container replace to other characters that are almost the same as the first ones. For example, anyone is possible replacement of characters that have the same appearance in different languages. In this case the sizes of the empty and filled container remain the same.
One of the simplest hiding methods is insertion the variable quantity of the space characters between words of text file. Suppose, that zero of hidden message is coded by one space character and one - is coded by two space characters. Therefore, depending on hidden message one or two space characters are located in different places of the text.
Also, the author considers another hiding type, which uses the same view of some characters of different languages. If you look at the characters in Ukrainian and English, than the 18 characters in the each language is the same – 'a','c','e','i','o','p','x','A','B','C','E','H','I','K','O','P','T','X'. When hiding for the values of zeros in hidden message the file-container remains the same, and for the values of ones in hidden message the characters of language file-container replace to the same characters of another language (Ukrainian-English).The results of the algorithm work show us, that when using characters from different languages in the hiding process, the full file-container is much smaller than when encoding the space characters.
The last algorithm which is considered in work uses tail space characters. It forms a filled container with enlarged text strings depending on the number of space characters which the hidden message determines. One character of hidden message is written in two file-container text strings. In particular the binary representation of each character is divided into two parts with four bits, and at the end of each text string is written no more than 15 space characters. The number of space characters corresponds to the decimal value of each part. To ensure hiding of secret message full container has the form aligned to the left edge of the text.
Considered algorithms of hiding message in text container are used for the confidential information defense. Algorithms, which use insertion of invisible characters, allow hiding the amount of information that corresponds to the number of space characters with certain characteristics. The most of replacement algorithms hide more information than insertion algorithms. Also replacement algorithms do not change file-container size. For example, algorithm, which replace characters of different alphabets, hides such amount of information, which depends on the statistics of used languages.
The most problem of using text containers is providing its steganographic defense. In particular, if user enables the unprintable character view in a text editor, then could see the some statistic of location invisible symbols added by the insertion methods. Therefore decoding of hidden message is simplified. The hidden message with using replacement algorithms is more defensible, but using of compression algorithms to the full container deletes the hidden information.
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Fonio, Filippo. "Straniamenti e spaesamenti di Luigi Gualdo." Incontri. Rivista europea di studi italiani 36, no. 1 (September 9, 2021): 95–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.18352/inc11009.
Full textAbstract:
Estrangement and Out-of-Placeness in the Works of Luigi Gualdo
Characters and places between ideal and reality, cosmopolitanism and uprooting
This paper focuses on the different forms of estrangement and out-of-placeness which can be found in Luigi Gualdo’s works. Gualdo (1844-1898) was a prominent writer whose works are influenced by French realism and Parnasse, Italian scapigliatura and the European decadence and estheticism. Moreover, he lived between France and Italy and he was one of the main passeurs between French and Italian literature of his time. This particular condition of the writer is reflected in his works and in particular in the portraiture of his characters, which are often rootless artists and mundane women with a strong component of cosmopolitism. The aim of this paper is to analyse some of the characteristics and features of Gualdo’s characters according to the parameters of estrangement and out-of-placeness. In particular I will focus on the ambiguous nature of the relation between ideal world and reality, of artistic genius and its place in society and the normal world, as well as on more specific topics related to the subject, such as spleen, places described as theatrical decors, hotel rooms and feminine nomadic attitudes, cosmopolitism as both a challenge and an opportunity for the characters. I will conclude on a specific issue regarding the struggle between the estranged character, time, and aging.
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Shobha Rani, N., N. Chandan, A. Sajan Jain, and H. R. Kiran. "Deformed character recognition using convolutional neural networks." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3 (July 26, 2018): 1599. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.14053.
Full textAbstract:
Realization of high accuracies towards south Indian character recognition is one the truly interesting research challenge. In this paper, our investigation is focused on recognition of one of the most widely used south Indian script called Kannada. In particular, the proposed exper-iment is subject towards the recognition of degraded character images which are extracted from the ancient Kannada poetry documents and also on the handwritten character images that are collected from various unconstrained environments. The character images in the degraded documents are slightly blurry as a result of which character image is imposed by a kind of broken and messy appearances, this particular aspect leads to various conflicting behaviors of the recognition algorithm which in turn reduces the accuracy of recognition. The training of degraded patterns of character image samples are carried out by using one of the deep convolution neural networks known as Alex net.The performance evaluation of this experimentation is subject towards the handwritten datasets gathered synthetically from users of age groups between 18-21, 22-25 and 26-30 and also printed datasets which are extracted from ancient document images of Kannada poetry/literature. The datasets are comprised of around 497 classes. 428 classes include consonants, vowels, simple compound characters and complex com-pound characters. Each base character combined with consonant/vowel modifiers in handwritten text with overlapping/touching diacritics are assumed as a separate class in Kannada script for our experimentation. However, for those compound characters that are non-overlapping/touching are still considered as individual classes for which the semantic analysis is carried out during the post processing stage of OCR. It is observed that the performance of the Alex net in classification of printed character samples is reported as 91.3% and with reference to handwritten text, and accuracy of 92% is recorded.
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Ikeo, Reiko. "An analysis of viewpoints by the use of frequent multi-word sequences in DH Lawrence’sLady Chatterley’s Lover." Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics 25, no. 2 (May 2016): 159–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963947016638986.
Full textAbstract:
This paper examines how particular multi-word sequences and a set of adjectives that are closely related to the leading protagonists’ viewpoints contribute to the character development and narrative construction in the fictional text, DH Lawrence’s Lady Chatterley’s Lover (LCL). LCL is an iconic novel that explores sensuality and sexuality as being an essential part of humanity. To collect linguistic material for examination, I used a frequency list of the text of LCL as the primary source. From the frequency list, the most frequent mental verbs, perception verbs, body part nouns and adjectives were chosen for retrieving the most frequent 2/3-grams. These expressions, which occur frequently in the text, are primarily used for establishing the viewpoint of the leading character, Connie. These verbs, nouns and adjectives are also used to present the other main characters’ internal states, perceptions and viewpoints, although less frequently. These characters’ inner worlds, compared with Connie’s, whose intentions, motives and desires are transparent to the reader, appear to be less discernible and more distant from the reader. However, after Connie became intimately involved with the gamekeeper, Mellors’s viewpoint is more often introduced by similar lexical items to those that were applied to presenting Connie’s internal states. The analysis has revealed how particular linguistic means are related to different characters’ viewpoints.
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Maulina, Izzatul, and Lisda Nurjaleka. "Karakteristik Yakuwarigo dalam Tokoh Anime Gintama." KIRYOKU 4, no. 1 (June 17, 2020): 44–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/kiryoku.v4i1.44-57.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to analyze and categorize the type of yakuwarigo or role language on the Anime of Gintama. Role language, or known as Yakuwarigo in Japanese, is a set of language features associated with a particular type of character in the virtual world. The characteristic of these languages variation such as vocabulary, grammar, intonation, and accent patterns. (Kinsui, 2003). This study also investigates the function of these language variation types focusing on the yakuwarigo types in Anime Gintama. The data collection technique that was used is the note technique. The data analysis technique used in this study was the reading markah analysis technique followed by a descriptive qualitative data analysis technique to present the results of the data analysis. The results show that the type of Yakuwarigo found in Anime Gintama shows the variation of the character itself. Seven types of yakuwarigo seen from 10 Gintama anime characters, namely, aruyo kotoba, hakase go, onee kotoba, joseigo, danseigo, chara gobi, and Osaka ben. And the particular type of the yakuwarigo’s characteristics was shujoshi and specific types of expression used by these characters.
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Qin, Yanxia, Zhongqing Wang, Yue Zhang, Kehai Chen, and Min Zhang. "Advancing Chinese Event Detection via Revisiting Character Information." ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing 21, no. 4 (July 31, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3502197.
Full textAbstract:
Recently, character information has been successfully introduced into the encoder-decoder event detection model to relieve the trigger-word mismatch problem, thus achieving impressive results in the languages without natural delimiters (i.e., Chinese). However, it is introduced into the encoder or the decoder separately, which makes the advantage of character information not be captured and represented adequately for event detection. In this article, we proposed a novel method to model character information in both the encoding and decoding stages to advance the neural event detection model. In particular, the proposed method can encode both words and characters and predict their event types jointly and further leverage interactions between word and its characters to optimize the inference. Experimental results show that the proposed model outperforms previous event detection methods on the ACE2005 Chinese benchmark. We release our code at Github. 1
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Scarpa, Francesco. "Characters in search of Majorana." Journal of Science Communication 02, no. 03 (September 21, 2003): A02. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/2.02030202.
Full textAbstract:
Through the years, Majorana's life - and his mysterious disappearance in particular - inspired manifold representations. The wide range of links to science, philosophy and literature have allowed deep reflections crossing the borders of genre: from theatre to fiction, from essays to novels and cartoons. Reconstructing the character of Majorana by thinking back to all the interpretations he has been given allows us to place him in a wider and more organic context, which goes beyond the functional aspects of fiction. In this wider prospective, we can clearly see why the still unresolved Majorana case has aroused the interest of so many diverse authors.
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Hoggett, AK. "The genus Macrophiothrix (Ophiuroidea : Ophiotrichidae) in Australian waters." Invertebrate Systematics 4, no. 5 (1990): 1077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/it9901077.
Full textAbstract:
The genus Macrophiothrix H. L. Clark, 1938, includes some of the largest and most common ophiuroids occupying cryptic habitats in tropical Australia. Taxonomy of the Ophiotrichidae is confused and the species of Macrophiothrix, in particular, have been difficult to identify. Range of variation of certain characters within species has been determined by examination of a large number of specimens. Shape of the dorsal arm plates and form of the disc stumps are reasonably reliable diagnostic characters within adults of most species. Many taxonomic characters were found to vary in a consistent manner between small and large individuals of a species. A group of character states common to small specimens of most species is identified. In Australian waters, 17 species of Macrophiothrix (including two new species and four species newly recorded from Australia) are now recognised.
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Maltby, Robert. "The distribution of Greek loan–words in Terence." Classical Quarterly 35, no. 1 (May 1985): 110–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838800014609.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this paper is to discuss Terence's use of Greek loan-words and to examine their distribution by plays and by characters. How far are they used for stylistic effect and what relationship do they have to the themes of different plays? Is there any evidence for the concentration of these words, which often tend to be colloquial in tone, in the mouths of slaves and characters of low social status for the purposes of linguistic characterisation? Finally, does Terence's use of these words develop in the course of his short career? The usefuleness of a previous note on this subject by J. N. Hough is limited by the absence of any comprehensive list of occurrences, so that its objectivity is difficult to check. A more helpful discussion by P. Oksala gives a fuller list, but concentrates mainly on a comparison with Plautine usage in the type and frequency of these words and does not discuss their distribution within the Terentian corpus.The question of characterisation by linguistic means, particularly in the field of New Comedy, has received considerable attention in recent years. The doctrine that a character's speech should be appropriate to his or her age, sex or social status, is well attested in the ancient world, with reference both to the theatre and to the law-courts. The ancient scholia on Aristophanes, as well as the fourth-century commentary on Terence that goes under the name of Donatus, contain comments on the appropriateness of particular words and phrases to particular character types. Leo, commenting long ago on the distribution of Greek words in Plautus, observed that they were used predominantly by slaves and characters of low social standing, a point made earlier by N. Tuchhaendler. More recently M. E. Gilleland has produced detailed statistical evidence for both Plautus and Terence which tends to back up these observations.
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KANG, Byoung Yoong. "Študija literarnih likov v moderni korejski književnosti skozi izbrana dela Dong-in Kima." Asian Studies 4, no. 2 (August 10, 2016): 229–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/as.2016.4.2.229-240.
Full textAbstract:
The article is a summary of a master’s thesis which deals with the characters in the literary works of Kim Dong-in (김동인 1900–1951), an important representative of modern Korean literature. In the twentieth century, new literary movements started to develop in Korea, introducing deviations from the established practices of writing, and the testing of new literary genres. It is within this context that the works of Kim Dong-in are to be classified and understood. The article discusses the three most important types of literary characters that appear in Kim Dong-in’s works. There are no strict boundaries between these types, as a character of one particular type may exhibit properties of another. It is however important to be aware that through such characters Kim Dong-in tries to express his own concepts and ideas about aesthetics and naturalism, and it is the emergence of such characters, previously unknown in Korean literature, that established him as a pioneer in this field.
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Loza, Cleopatra M., Oliver Reutimann, Marcelo R. Sánchez-Villagra, Alfredo A. Carlini, and Gabriel Aguirre-Fernández. "Evolutionary transformations of the malleus in pinnipeds, with emphasis on Southern Hemisphere taxa." Contributions to Zoology 87, no. 2 (July 18, 2018): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-08702002.
Full textAbstract:
The systematic value of the middle-ear ossicles, in particular the malleus, has been long recognized for diverse groups. We present systematic work on the characters of the middle-ear ossicles of pinnipeds, focusing on until now poorly studied Southern Hemisphere species. Mallei were extracted from 16 specimens of pinnipeds belonging to five austral and one boreal species of Phocidae and two austral species of Otariidae. Several characters used in this study have been described previously, and some were here modified. Three new characters are here defined and analysed. All characters were mapped onto the phylogeny. Our character analysis shows the transformations that have occurred in the evolution of middle ear ossicles in pinnipeds and identifies diagnostic features of many of its clades. Beyond the identification of specific changes within eachclade, our study of pinniped ossicle evolution documents the occurrence of anatomical convergences with other groups of mammals that live in an aquatic environment, as has occurred in other organ systems as well.
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Hyde, Madeleine. "The Rationality and Cognitive Phenomenology of Deliberation." Southwest Philosophy Review 35, no. 1 (2019): 191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/swphilreview201935120.
Full textAbstract:
The phenomenal character of a perceptual experience describes ‘what it is like’ for an agent undergoing it. This is a familiar notion when it comes to our sensory states. Recently, there has been increased discussion about how certain cognitive states can also have phenomenal characters. A further, more interesting question asks what links, if any, might between what the phenomenal character of a mental state and when that mental state is considered rational. I will assume that some cognitive states can have phenomenal characters and will focus on a prominent phenomenal feature of a particular cognitive state: namely, deliberation over how to act. I aim to expose one way in which we can describe the phenomenology of deliberating, as well as its potential link to the rationality of deliberation.
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Isaacs, I. M. "Induction and Restriction of π-Special Characters." Canadian Journal of Mathematics 38, no. 3 (June 1, 1986): 576–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cjm-1986-029-5.
Full textAbstract:
1. Introduction. The character theory of solvable groups has undergone significant development during the last decade or so and it can now be seen to have quite a rich structure. In particular, there is an interesting interaction between characters and sets of prime numbers.Let G be solvable and let π be a set of primes. The “π-special” characters of G are certain irreducible complex characters (defined by D. Gajendragadkar [1]) which enjoy some remarkable properties, many of which were proved in [1]. (We shall review the definition and relevant facts in Section 3 of this paper.) Actually, we need not assume solvability: that G is π-separable is sufficient, if we are willing to use the Feit-Thompson “odd order” theorem occasionally. We shall state and prove our results under this weaker hypothesis, but we stress that anything of interest in them is already interesting in the solvable case where, of course, the “odd order” theorem is irrelevant.
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Deline, Bradley, and William I. Ausich. "Character selection and the quantification of morphological disparity." Paleobiology 43, no. 1 (December 6, 2016): 68–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pab.2016.28.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractA priori choices in the detail and breadth of a study are important in addressing scientific hypotheses. In particular, choices in the number and type of characters can greatly influence the results in studies of morphological diversity. A new character suite was constructed to examine trends in the disparity of early Paleozoic crinoids. Character-based rarefaction analysis indicated that a small subset of these characters (~20% of the complete data set) could be used to capture most of the properties of the entire data set in analyses of crinoids as a whole, noncamerate crinoids, and to a lesser extent camerate crinoids. This pattern may be the result of the covariance between characters and the characterization of rare morphologies that are not represented in the primary axes in morphospace. Shifting emphasis on different body regions (oral system, calyx, periproct system, and pelma) also influenced estimates of relative disparity between subclasses of crinoids. Given these results, morphological studies should include a pilot analysis to better examine the amount and type of data needed to address specific scientific hypotheses.