Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Particles flux'
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Franche, Paul. "Towards new classes of flux compactifications." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114219.
Full textNous dérivons de nouvelles solutions de compactification de flux avec des membranes D7 sur une variété conique résolu en Théorie des Cordes de type IIB et é endons ultérieurement cette solution afin de permettre des températures non-nulles. A température nulle, nous trouvons que l'ajout de membranes D7, suivant l'incorporation de Ouyang, contribue à la rupture de la supersymétrie par des flux auto-duaux imaginaires (1,2), sans générer de constante cosmologique. Nous constatons en outre que d'avoir à la fois des membranes D7 et une variété conique résolu donne lieu à un terme D non-trivial sur les membranes D7. Ce terme de rupture de supersymétrie disparaît lorsque l'on prend la limite singuliere de notre variété conique, bien que la supersymétrie semble rester brisée. Nous avons également étendue notre construction la théorie F où nous montrons que le flux (1,2) de type IIB deviens un flux non-primitif de type (2,2). Dans la seconde partie de cette thèse, nous étendons ces résultats en prenant la limite non-extrêmal de notre géométrie afin d'inclure une température non-nulle. Dans ce cas, nous ne nous attendons plus à ce que les flux internes NS-NS et R-R soient auto-duaux, mais ils devraient tout de même être le prolongement naturel des flux trouvés ci-dessus. A partir des équations du mouvement de le supergravité, nous calculons comment la résolution et la non-extrêmalite de la métrique devraient contribuer aux flux. Cela nous donne ainsi une version gravitationnelle convaincante dual de la chromodynamique quantique à grand nombre de couleurs.
Merlin, J. H. "Hybrid mesons in the flux-tube model." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375288.
Full textGiles, Rory. "Novel magnetic particles for bioassays." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066313/document.
Full textColloidal superparamagnetic particles are a powerful tool in biotechnology, yet their applications are often hindered by limited stability in biological media or by orientation trapping under applied magnetic fields. In this thesis, these problems are addressed by developing novel magnetic particles bearing ligands at a liquid interface. Magnetic particle analogues are formulated using ferrofluidic emulsions, which incorporate functionalised phospholipids. Droplet size is controlled using microfluidic membrane emulsification to produce highly uniform populations. Ligands are modelled using biotinylated lipids, permitting the capture of streptavidin at the droplet interface. Fluorescently labelled proteins reveal that capture efficiency is influenced by the cosurfactant interfacial activity and the polymer spacer length of the ligand. Overall, capture saturation is found to be related to the number of ligands available at the interface. Ligand mobility is demonstrated by the formation of adhesion plaques between streptavidin cross-linked droplets and the motion of streptavidin coated beads caught at the interface. Finally, an application is explored by creating a new immunoassay. Polyvalent proteins or beads crosslink ligand functionalised droplets forming aggregates. Using size calibrated droplets specific aggregates can be accurately counted using flow cytometry and the limit of detection is found to be in the femtomolar range, this surpasses the picomolar range typically achieved using solid beads
Hay, Bernward J. "Particle flux in the western Black Sea in the present and over the last 5000 years temporal variability, sources, transport mechanisms /." Woods Hole, Mass. : Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1987. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/17240039.html.
Full textFunding was provided by the National Science Foundation under grant Number OCE 84-17106 ...
McCauley, Neil K. "Producing a background free data set for measurement of the charge current flux and day-night asymmetry at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270284.
Full textFaghihi, Mohammad Hosein. "Effect of Pore Geometry on Membrane Flux Decline due to Pore Constriction by Particles in Ultra and Micro Filtration." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24296.
Full textVenkataraman, Manoj. "THE EFFECT OF COLLOIDAL STABILITY ON THE HEAT TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS OF NANOSILICA DISPERSED FLUIDS." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3656.
Full textM.S.M.S.E.
Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering;
Engineering and Computer Science
Materials Science and Engineering
Septien, Stringel Joël. "High temperature gasification of millimetric wood particles between 800°C and 1400°C." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0125/document.
Full textBiomass gasification was studied in the conditions of an entrained flow reactor, namely at high heating rate and temperature. Experiments in a drop tube reactor were performed between 800°C and 1400°C, with wood particles of 0.35 mm and 0.80 mm size, under inert and steam containing - 25 mol% of H2O - atmospheres. These experiments were also simulated with a 1D model which gave good predictions. The collected solids, soot and char, were analyzed and characterized. This study highlights the importance of gas phase reactions on the yields of the final products, mainly gaseous compounds, in these conditions. These reactions are hydrocarbons cracking, reforming and polymerization, leading to soot formation, and water-gas shift. Char graphitization and deactivation were experimentally demonstrated. However, these phenomena have a negligible influence on char evolution in the drop tube reactor. Finally, the particle size was shown to have almost no influence on experimental results
Rodríguez, Gasén Rosa. "Modelling SEP events: latitudinal and longitudinal dependence of the injection rate of shock-accelerated protons and their flux profiles." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/31855.
Full textEls esdeveniments graduals de partícules solars energètiques (SEP) són un risc important per als astronautes i l’ instrumentació espacial. És per això que són necessàries eines de predicció de la intensitat i l'ocurrència de les tempestes de partícules solars per a garantitzar l'operativitat del material tècnic i científic embarcat. Existeix un gran buit, però, entre les prediccions del models actuals (per a ús en meteorologia espacial), i les observacions d'esdeveniments SEP. El treball realitzat durant aquesta tesi doctoral es centra en diversos aspectes de la simulació d'esdeveniments SEP. En particular, analitzem la influència de la posició relativa de l'observador i de la força del xoc en els perfils de flux derivats del nostre model combinat xoc-i-partícula. A partir de simulacions 3D, obtenim que el ritme d'injecció de partícules accelerades pel xoc depèn de la longitud de l'observador i demostrem, per primera vegada, que també depèn de la seva latitud. I es mostra que, conseqüentment, els perfils de flux detectats poden variar en un ordre de magnitud depenent de la connexió magnètica de l'observador amb el front del xoc. A més a més, presentem una simulació 2D d'un esdeveniment solar vist per tres sondes interplanetàries, pel qual s'ha ajustat, per primera vegada, l'arribada del xoc i els perfils de intensitat dels protons de diferents canals d'energia observats per cadascuna de les sondes. Així mateix, hem ajustat els salts en velocitat i camp magnètic a l'arribada del xoc, hem derivat les condicions de transport de les partícules i hem quantificat l'eficiència del xoc com a injector de partícules. La conclusió final del treball és que els futurs models de predicció d'esdeveniments SEP per a meteorologia espacial han de tenir en compte la geometria global de l'escenari solar-interplanetari.
Rizzitelli, Federico. "Design and implementation of BIRDY satellite data and Radiation Payload simulators." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016.
Find full textMoutier, William. "Utilisation de la cytométrie en flux pour une meilleure connaissance de la diffusion individuelle des particules : Application au phytoplancton." Thesis, Littoral, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016DUNK0439/document.
Full textThe objective was to use the flow cytometer (Cytosense, CityBuoy B.V., NL) to understand the influence of structural and morphological parameters of phytoplankton cells on the backscattering. We have analyzed the optical properties of the cells over different growth phases. A microcosm experiment was performed on two species (Thalassiosira pseudonana and Chlamydomonas Concordia) during 20 days. The forward and sideward efficiencies of Thalassiosira pseudonana were, respectively, 2.2 and 1.6 times higher than the efficiencies Chlamydomonas Concordia. The inter- and intra-species variations were explained by theoretical simulations and in situ measurements (biogeochemical and observations from scanning electron microscope). In situ measurements were used to obtain informations about the cell structure (e.g. thickness of the frustule). The forward efficiency was impacted by the aggregation and the cell size. The real refractive index of the chloroplast is a key parameter that could explain variations of the sideward efficiency. In the future, we recommend to use a two-layered sphere model (cytoplasm-chloroplast) to simulate the optical properties of phytoplankton cells. An analysis of the relationship between the particulate organic carbon concentration (POC) and the backscattering coefficient was performed. Strong linear relationships were observed only during the exponential phase. A reconstruction of the backscattering coefficient permitted to highlight that the POC was from phytoplankton cells origin for a species and bacterial origin for the other one
Jehannin, Marie. "About the role of physico-chemical properties and hydrodynamics on the progress of a precipitation reaction : the case of cerium oxalate particles produced during coalescence of drops." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS265/document.
Full textThe size and morphology control of precipitated solid particles is a major economic issue for numerous industries. For instance, it is interesting for the nuclear industry, concerning the recovery of radioactive species from used nuclear fuel. The precipitates features, which are a key parameter from the post-precipitate processing, depend on the process local mixing conditions. So far, the relationship between precipitation features and hydrodynamic conditions have not been investigated. In this study, a new experimental configuration consisting of coalescing drops is set to investigate the link between reactive crystallization and hydrodynamics. Two configurations of aqueous drops are examined. The first one corresponds to high contact angle drops (>90°) in oil, as a model system for flowing drops, the second one correspond to sessile drops in air with low contact angle (<25°). In both cases, one reactive is dissolved in each drop, namely oxalic acid and cerium nitrate. When both drops get into contact, they may coalesce; the dissolved species mix and react to produce insoluble cerium oxalate. The precipitates features and effect on hydrodynamics are investigated depending on the solvent. In the case of sessile drops in air, the surface tension difference between the drops generates a gradient which induces a Marangoni flow from the low surface tension drop over the high surface tension drop. By setting the surface tension difference between the two drops and thus the Marangoni flow, the hydrodynamics conditions during the drop coalescence could be modified. Diols/water mixtures are used as solvent, in order to fix the surface tension difference between the liquids of both drops regardless from the reactant concentration. More precisely, the used diols, 1,2-propanediol and 1,3-propanediol, are isomer with identical density and close viscosity. By keeping the water volume fraction constant and playing with the 1,2-propanediol and 1,3-propanediol volume fractions of the solvents, the mixtures surface tensions differ up to 10 mN/m for identical/constant reactant concentration, density and viscosity.Three precipitation behaviors were identified for the coalescence of water/diols/recatants drops depending on the oxalic excess. The corresponding precipitates patterns are visualized by optical microscopy and the precipitates are characterized by confocal microscopy SEM, XRD and SAXS measurements. In the intermediate oxalic excess regime, formation of periodic patterns can be observed. These patterns consist in alternating cerium oxalate precipitates with distinct morphologies, namely needles and “microflowers”. Such periodic fringes can be explained by a feedback mechanism between convection, reaction and the diffusion
Ivaneev, Aleksandr. "Utilisation complémentaire des techniques de fractionnement flux-force asymétrique et en colonne tournante pour la caractérisation d'échantillons environnementaux de particules." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Pau, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PAUU3035.
Full textEnvironmental particles, especially nanoparticles (NPs), have a potential risk for human health and ecosystems due to their ubiquity, specific characteristics and properties (extremely high mobility in the environment, abilities of accumulation of toxic elements and penetration in living organisms) and, hence, should be scrutinized. The study of environmental NPs remains a challenge for analytical chemistry. In fact, NPs in a polydisperse environmental sample may represent only one thousandth or less of the bulk sample. Consequently, a considerable sample weight must be handled to separate amount of NP fraction sufficient for their dimensional and quantitative characterization. The group of field-flow fractionation (FFF) techniques can serve as a relevant basis for the development of methodology applicable to the study of environmental NPs.This doctoral thesis focuses on the use of asymmetrical flow and coiled tube field-flow fractionation techniques (A4F and CTFFF, respectively) in the investigation of environmental particulate samples. The results obtained demonstrate the advantages of these techniques applied to the study of volcanic ash nanoparticles. It should be highlighted that CTFFF technique has an increased separation capacity as compared to A4F, while A4F has an increased resolution. CTFFF was applied to the separation of NPs from environmental samples and a new coiled tube field-flow fractionation procedure was proposed. Dimensional and elemental characterization was carried out using A4F coupled to laser light scattering and ICP-MS. Furthermore, the results related to the investigation of stability of environmental nanoparticles are also given
Benkheira, Lahcène. "Contribution à l'étude des propriétés thermiques et hydrodynamiques d'un écoulement d'hélium normal (5HeI) diphasique en circulation naturelle pour le refroidissement des aimants supraconducteurs." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPL040N/document.
Full textThe method of cooling based on the thermosiphon principle is of great interest because of its simplicity, its passivity and its low cost. It is adopted to cool down to 4,5 K the superconducting magnet of the CMS particles detector of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiment under construction at CERN, Geneva. This work studies heat and mass transfer characteristics of two phase He I in a natural circulation loop. The experimental set-up consists of a thermosiphon single branch loop mainly composed of a phase separator, a downward tube, and a test section. The experiments were conducted with varying several parameters such as the diameter of the test section (10 mm or 14 mm) and the applied heat flux up to the appearance of the boiling crisis. These experiments have permitted to determine the laws of evolution of the various parameters characterizing the flow (circulation mass flow rate, vapour mass flow rate, vapour quality, friction coefficient, two phase heat transfer coefficient and the critical heat flux) as a function of the applied heat flux. On the base of the obtained results, we discuss the validity of the various existing models in the literature. We show that the homogeneous model is the best model to predict the hydrodynamical properties of this type of flow in the vapour quality range 0?x?30%. Moreover, we propose two models for the prediction of the two phase heat transfer coefficient and the density of the critical heat flux. The first one considers that the effects of the forced convection and nucleate boiling act simultaneously and contribute to heat transfer. The second one correlates the measured critical heat flux density with the ratio altitude to diameter
Soviadan, Yawouvi Dodji. "Distribution et fonction du mésozooplancton dans le premier kilomètre de l’océan mondial." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2021SORUS469.pdf.
Full textMesozooplankton refers to all aquatic animals between 200 µm and 2000 µm that drift with the currents. The variability of mesozooplankton plays a major role in the carbon cycle and global changes through direct and indirect effects. It is distributed throughout the water column from the surface to the abyss. The mesopelagic zone (between 200 and 1000 m depth) is a critical water layer because of the physical and biological processes affecting carbon fluxes that take place there. However, mesopelagic mesozooplankton is rarely studied, due to sampling constraints and the lack of taxonomic knowledge of a community that is still poorly studied. The collection of samples from the Tara Oceans expedition analyzed by imaging at the Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche sur Mer has allowed the generation of a global mesozooplankton database, from the surface to the lower limit of the mesopelagic zone (1000 m). The combination of taxonomic and morphometric data generated by the imaging technique allows: i) to describe the faunal structure of the mesozooplankton; ii) to study its size structure; and iii) to calculate the physiological rates of crustaceans to estimate their contribution to the carbon budget in the global ocean, from the surface to 1000 m. These data have been augmented with data from the Malaspina cruise, recent Geomar cruises and in-situ imaging data of vertical particles profiles (underwater vision profiler, UVP) from Tara Oceans. This thesis is a first step towards the analysis of descriptor variables and the distribution of mesozooplankton communities in the mesopelagic zone at the global scale, in relation with vertical particles fluxes and hydrological and biogeochemical variables. Our results show that the structure of epipelagic mesozooplankton communities at the global scale depends mainly on temperature, phytoplankton composition, and surface-produced particulate organic matter. In the mesopelagic layer, the main factors structuring the mesozooplankton are surface phytoplankton composition, particulate concentration, temperature and dissolved oxygen concentration. The size structure of the mesozooplankton was studied through the analysis of slopes and shapes of the normalized biomass size spectrum or the normalized biovolume size spectrum (NBSS). Our results show that position in the water column (depth) is a more important factor than the effect of latitude in explaining differences between mesozooplankton communities (relative abundances of taxa, biomass, NBSS). NBSS observed in tropical regions reflect a drastic decrease in mesozooplankton abundance, accompanied by a decrease in their spectral slopes (steeper), while their shapes were less affected. NBSS of large mesozooplankton and particles > 500 µm ESD obtained from two different methods (net collection and imaging by ZooScan, and in situ imaging, UVP, respectively) allowed to directly compare and intercalibrate their NBSS from oligotrophic to eutrophic systems. Results show that nets significantly underestimate fragile organisms such as rhizarians and UVP underestimates copepods, with high variability with latitude and depth. Mesozooplankton NBSS estimated by both instruments are in agreement at locations where copepods dominate, in the temperate and polar oceans. Analysis of tropical crustacean NBSS reveals the existence of five types communities, associated with distinct habitats: surface rich environment, upper mesopelagic rich environment, lower mesopelagic poor environment, oligotrophic mesopelagic and oxygen minimum zones (OMZ) [...]
Pálmarsson, Sveinn Óli. "Boundary processes and particle flux in a stratified lake /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2004. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
Full textMilanova, Denitsa. "Next generation heat transfer fluids : experimental study of nano-oxide and carbon nanotube suspensions in water." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1117.
Full textBachelors
Engineering and Computer Science
Mechanical Engineering
Connell, Heather Anne. "Effect of particle shape on the flux in crossflow microfiltration." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0007/MQ32476.pdf.
Full textBuzi, Luxherta. "Influence of the Particle Flux on Surface Modifications of Tungsten." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0117/document.
Full textTungsten is the selected material to be used in the ITER divertor due to its favorable thermal and physical properties. Particle flux densities and energies, and surface temperature will vary by several orders of magnitude along the divertor surface, with values in the range 1020-1024 m2s-1, 0.1-100 eV and 370-1370 K, respectively. Exposed to such conditions, tungsten may undergo erosion, cracking and other surface modifications affecting its thermal and mechanical properties. Another concern is the retention of implanted radioactive fuel atoms (tritium) in the material surface and their diffusion through the bulk. A considerable amount of studies have addressed retention and plasma induced surface modifications, focusing mainly on the effect of ion energy, ion fluence and surface temperature while very little knowledge exists on the influence of the plasma flux. These results are largely scattered and occasionally bear a lack of consistency. The aim of this thesis is to provide a coherent picture of the behavior of tungsten exposed to plasma conditions relevant for future fusion reactors. A systematic investigation assessing the impact of the plasma flux density and exposure temperature on surface modifications and hydrogen accumulation in tungsten was performed by means of experiments carried out in the linear plasma devices PSI2 at Forschungszentrum Juelich, Pilot-PSI and Magnum-PSI at DIFFER, and PISCES-A at UCSD. The correlation between the particle flux density, exposure temperature, surface modifications and hydrogen retention in tungsten was investigated for different material microstructures. Three types of polycrystalline tungsten (thermally treated at 1273 and 2273 K) and single crystal tungsten samples (110 crystal orientation) were exposed to deuterium plasmas at surface temperatures of 530-1170 K to two different ranges of deuterium ion fluxes (low and high flux: ~1022 and ~1024 m2s-1). All the exposures were performed at the same incident ion energy of 40 eV and particle fluence of ~1026 m2. The exposed samples were analyzed postmortem utilizing various surface imaging and analyses techniques (microscopy, thermal desorption spectroscopy and ion beam analysis). Increasing the particle flux by two orders of magnitude caused blister formation at temperatures above 700 K for which blistering is usually absent under low flux exposure conditions. Small blisters of several tens of nanometers and up to 1 micrometer of lateral size were detected on the annealed polycrystalline and in single crystal tungsten samples, respectively. On the contrary, blisters were absent on the recrystallized samples except for the low flux and low temperature case where large blisters of about 10 micrometer and cavities along the grain boundaries appeared. The total deuterium retention was measured by means of thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS). In the cases with low exposure temperatures, the retained fraction of deuterium was one to two orders of magnitude higher after exposure to the low flux compared to the high flux. On the contrary, an opposite tendency of the total deuterium retention at high exposure temperatures was observed. Hence, the maximum of the total deuterium retention was observed to occur at a higher temperature in the case of high incident particle flux (~850 K) compared to low flux exposures (~650 K). Overall, experimental results on deuterium retention were similar for all the investigated tungsten microstructures. Deuterium retention decreased at high temperatures and the maximal retention was lower for high flux exposures. However, due to the shift of the maximal retention to higher temperatures, the amount of deuterium retained at temperatures above 800 K was higher at high flux rather than at low flux, being still about one order of magnitude lower than the maximal retention at low flux
Lamaud, Eric. "Mesure et paramétrisation des flux verticaux de l'aérosol atmosphérique." Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU30199.
Full textCui, Lang. "Study of inward particle flux in a multi-instability plasma system." Thesis, University of California, San Diego, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3718429.
Full textWe report the observation of a net inward, up-gradient turbulent particle flux which occurs when a collisional drift waves generate a sufficiently strong radially sheared azimuthal zonal flow in a cylindrical magnetized plasma. At low magnetic fields (B≤1.0 kG), particle transport is outward at all radii. As the magnetic field is further increased to 1200G, an up-gradient inward particle flux develops between the peak of the velocity shear and the maximum density gradient. The mean density gradient is also observed to steepen in response to this inward flux. Time-domain and bispectral Fourier domain analysis shows that at the peak of the velocity shear, where the particle flux is outward, the turbulent Reynolds stress acts to reinforce the shear flow. In contrast, in the region of the inward particle flux, the zonal flow drives the fluctuations, and a transient increase in the shearing rate is occurs prior to an increase in the magnitude of the inward flux. The results suggest a hypothesis in which the shear flow is responsible for the up-gradient particle flux and the corresponding steepening in the mean density gradient. However, a linear instability analyses using experimentally measured density and E×B flow profiles in a linear, modified Hasegawa-Wakatani theory model with the coupled potential and density fluctuations failed to reproduce the essential elements of our experimental observations, suggesting some other mechanism is responsible for the inward flux. We summarize recent new experimental results which point towards the possible role of finite ion temperature gradient effects, possibly combined with parallel flow shear, in driving up-gradient particle flux.
YIN, CHUKAI. "A NEW FLUX-LIMITED DIFFUSION METHOD FOR NEUTRAL PARTICLE TRANSPORT CALCULATIONS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1129768153.
Full textGil, Pedro Francisco M. S. V. "On moduli stabilisation and cosmology in type IIB flux compactifications." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6c3ef85d-df3b-42c6-846d-a4bfdeec85de.
Full textMingalev, Stanislav. "Le Comportement de la bulle et des particules, l’écoulement pulsatile et le flux péristaltique." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0361/document.
Full textThe thesis studies the peristaltic flow of fluid in a channel with the specified pressure wave at the boundary. The law of wall’s coordinate variation isn’t determined a priori. It is found from the initially definite law of pressure-variation on the wall. This way is based on the fact that some hollow organs change diameter under the signals of baroreceptors (sensors that detects the pressure). We studied the effects of various parameters on flow rate and structure of flow. Besides we studied the influence of vibration on the peristaltic flow under long wave approximation. The paper also considers the influence of the wall transverse pulsation on the fluid transport under the pressure drop. This problem arises in defining the liquid viscosity by squeezing flow viscometry. The same problems occur in analyzing different biological systems, including the lubricant movement in joints or in the microvessels of working muscles. The influence of sound on the interaction of a solid particle and a gas bubble in fluid is studied as well
Billaud, Joseph. "Gazéification de la biomasse en réacteur à flux entrainé : études expérimentales et modélisation." Thesis, Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EMAC0010/document.
Full textThe present work deals with biomass gasification in Entrained Flow Reactor (EFR) in the context of the development of new Biomass-to-Liquid processes. The objective of this study is to develop a comprehensive model to better understand the phenomena controlling biomass gasification in conditions representative of an EFR. Biomass pyrolysis and gasification of beech particles sieved between 315 and 450 µm have been studied between 800 and 1400°C in a drop tube furnace. The influence of H2O, CO2 and O2 addition on gasification products has been investigated and the tests have been simulated with a 1D model. The addition of H2O or CO2 leads to a significantly lower char yield. The main influence of these two oxidants in gas phase is the modification of major species composition with water gas shift reaction. With the addition of O2, the carbon conversion into gas is improved and the char and soot yields are significantly lower. The simulations are in very good agreement with the experimental results. Biomass pyrolysis and gasification of beech particles sieved between 1.12 and 1.25 mm have been studied in presence of O2. Between 800 and 1200°C the carbon conversion into gas is lower than with the smaller particles but at 1400°C the particle size has no influence. At last, the influence of O2 addition, particle size and pressure on biomass gasification has been studied in a pilot scale EFR. These experimental results have been satisfactorily simulated by adapting the 1D model
Dugay, Annabelle. "Séparation de particules par la méthode de fractionnement par couplage flux-force (FFF)." Paris 11, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA114829.
Full textMitchell, Stephanie Bianca. "Sediment Dispersal Processes and Anthropogenic Impacts at Rex Lake, Summit County, Ohio." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1442416877.
Full textDashdorj, D. "Spin distribution in preequilibrium reactions for 48Ti + n." Washington, D.C : Oak Ridge, Tenn. : United States. Dept. of Energy ; distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy, 2005.
Find full textPublished through the Information Bridge: DOE Scientific and Technical Information. "UCRL-TH-211400" Dashdorj, D. 04/06/2005. Report is also available in paper and microfiche from NTIS.
Bayce, Pascal. "Fractionnement par couplage flux force en mode multigravitationnel." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05P215.
Full textGuidi, Lionel. "Particle flux transformation in the mesopelagic water column: process analysis and global balance." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/85946.
Full textTsitrone, Emmanuelle. "Controle des flux de particules dans un tokamak au moyen d'une structure a events." Aix-Marseille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX11050.
Full textCarson, Damien Stuart. "Biogeochemical controls on productivity and particle flux in the coastal Antarctic Sea ice environment." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/13324.
Full textBilokin, Sviatoslav. "Cascades hadroniques dans un calorimètre électromagnétique silicium-tungstène hautement granulaire et production des quarks top et bottom à l'ILC." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS599/document.
Full textThis thesis presents studies for the International Linear Collider (ILC),a linear electron-positron collider with a nominal center-of-mass energy of 500 GeV. Data are analysed that were recorded with the physics prototype of the CALICE silicon-tungsten electromagnetic calorimeter (Si-W ECAL) prototype at FermiLab in 2008. During this thesis, a track-finding algorithm was developed, which finds secondary tracks in hadronic events recorded by the Si-W ECAL physics prototype. This algorithm reveals details of hadronic interactions in the detector volume and the results are compared with simulations based on the geant4 toolkit.Indirect searches of New Physics require a high precision on the measurements of the Standard Model parameters. Many Beyond Standard Model theories, like extradimentional or composite models, imply modifications of electroweak couplings of the heavy quarks, top and bottom. The second part of the thesis is a full simulation study of vertexing algorithms in the ILD environment and the reconstruction of the b-quark charge. The b-quark charge reconstruction is essential for many physics channels at the ILC, particularly, for the e+ e− → bb̄ and the e+ e− → tt̄ channels. The developed algorithm improves the b-quark charge reconstruction performance.The b-quark charge reconstruction methods are applied to the tt̄ production process. This allows to increase statistics for the top quark electroweak form factor estimation w.r.t an earlier study and thus to decrease corresponding statistical uncertainties.The results of the detector study allow for an estimation of the ILC precision on the b-quark electroweak couplings and form factors. The ILC will be able to resolve the LEP anomaly in the bb̄ production process. The ILC precision on the right-handed Z⁰bb̄ coupling, a prime candidate for effects of new physics, is calculated to be at least 5 times better than theLEP experiments
Azzi, Merched. "Étude des profils de flux de particules dans l'écoulement vertical établi d'une suspension gaz-solide." Compiègne, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986COMPD031.
Full textAzzi, Merched. "Etude des profils de flux de particules dans l'écoulement vertical établi d'une suspension gaz solide." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375956258.
Full textMartin, Patrick. "Particle export and flux through the Mesopelagic in the high-latitude north and South Atlantic." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2011. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/209757/.
Full textCajgfinger, Thomas. "Etudes théorique et expérimentale du suivi de particules uniques en conditions extrêmes : imagerie aux photons uniques." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00999629.
Full textPalm, Marcus. "Development of a particle flux detection system for the MERIT high intensity target experiment at CERN." Thesis, Linköping University, The Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-12402.
Full textThe construction of a high intensity neutrino source requires multi megawatt beams and challenges the targets in use. MERIT is a proof-of-principle test for a novel kind of neutrino factory target, employing a 24 GeV/c proton beam and a 1 cm in diameter free mercury jet as beam target. This thesis describes the design and implementation of a secondary particle flux production detection system. Employed detectors are polycrystalline diamond detectors and electron multipliers. Simulations of the secondary particle production have been made using FLUKA. The detection system is remotely controlled by a LabView interface and experimental observations from the initial analysis are presented.
Regazzetti, Anne. "Thermophorèse de particules microniques de silice par la méthode de fractionnement par couplage flux-force avec gradient thermique." Aix-Marseille 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX30019.
Full textField flow fractionation with thermal gradient is a separation technique which involves both thermophoresis and a non uniform flow profile. The technique was utilized in an attempt to evidence the thermophoretic migration of silica particles (mean diameter 3mm). From a theoretical study the experimental conditions were determinated in such a way to minimize gravitation and hydrodynamics effects. A difference in elution times was observed that prompted to assess the thermophoresis of micrometer size paticles. Experimental parameters (concentration, flow rate, thermal gradient, particle size, particule type) were thoroughly investigated. A methodological approach to estimate the thermophoretic mobility of particles with size, type and driving liquid was carried
Ekström, Patrik. "A Dark Matter Search with AMANDA : Limits on the Muon Flux from Neutralino Annihilations at the Centre of the Earth with 1997-99 Data." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Physics, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-154.
Full textThe nature of the dark matter in the Universe is one of the greatest mysteries in modern astronomy. The neutralino is a nonbaryonic dark matter candidate in minimal supersymmetric extensions to the standard model of particle physics. If the dark matter halo of our galaxy is made up of neutralinos some would become gravitationally trapped inside massive bodies like the Earth. Their pair-wise annihilation produces neutrinos that can be detected by neutrino experiments looking in the direction of the centre of the Earth.
The AMANDA neutrino telescope, currently the largest in the world, consists of an array of light detectors buried deep in the Antarctic glacier at the geographical South Pole. The extremely transparent ice acts as a Cherenkov medium for muons passing the array and using the timing information of detected photons it is possible to reconstruct the muon direction.
A search has been performed for nearly vertically upgoing neutrino induced muons with AMANDA-B10 data taken over the three year period 1997-99. No excess above the atmospheric neutrino background expectation was found. Upper limits at the 90 % confidence level has been set on the annihilation rate of neutralinos at the centre of the Earth and on the muon flux induced by neutrinos created by the annihilation products.
Décossin, Étienne. "Ébullition et assèchement dans un lit de particules avec production interne de chaleur : premières expériences et simulations numériques en situation multidimensionnelle." Toulouse, INPT, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPT004H.
Full textBlaszczyk, Flor de Maria. "T2K off-axis near detector muon neutrino flux measurement and absolute momentum scale calibration of the off-axis near detector tracker." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA077157.
Full textIn this thesis we present the results from the muon neutrino energy spectrum measurement at T2K's near detecter and T2K's near detecter tracker absolute momentum scale calibration. First we review the main historical steps and the current state of the art of neutrino physics as well as the theoretical framework required to understand the thesis physics analyses presented later on. In particular we focus on the neutrino oscillation parametrization and the neutrino-matter interaction models. We then describe T2K, an off-axis long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment in Japan which uses a muon neutrino beam sent from J-PARC to Super-Kamiokande, with a magnetized near detector located at 280m from the neutrino production site. T2K's main goals are measuring the last unknown angle of the PMNS matrix theta 13 through electron neutrino appearance in the neutrino muon beam and measuring precisely the atmospheric parameters through muon neutrino disappearance. We briefly describe the detectors, in particular the near detector tracker and its performance. We then present the analyses tools, such as the reconstruction techniques used and how the neutrino charged current interaction events needed for the energy spectrum measurement are selected. The main goal of the thesis, the muon neutrino energy spectrum measurement done with the first T2K data is explained next. We give the motivations for such measurement, the results obtained with the first T2K data sample, and the different systematic errors studied. Finally, the absolute momentum scale calibration of T2K's near detector tractor, done through the reconstruction of the neutral kaon invariant mass, is explained
Kassab, James. "Sedimentation Field Flow Fractionation for the characterization of colloidal and micron particulate species." Limoges, 2004. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/91a0881d-ac85-4ae1-8501-1d4c72bae67e/blobholder:0/2004LIMO330B.pdf.
Full textLe principe de séparation par la méthode du fractionnement par couplage flux-force (FFF) est basé sur l'action simultanée de l'écoulement d'un liquide dans un canal de faible épaisseur et l'effet d'un champ externe appliqué perpendiculairement au canal. Le champ d'application de cette technique est très large avec une étendue en taille allant du submicronique à des particules de plus de 100 µm. De nouvelles améliorations et modifications instrumentales sont apportées au prototype de FFF opérant à champ multigravitationnel (SdFFF) utilisé dans ce travail de recherche. Une séparation à champ multigravitationnel programmé a été explorée dans l'analyse de taille de suspensions colloïdales diverses en taille et densité telles les particules oxydées et celles des aérosols de diesels. Une seconde séparation à effet de focalisation plane par effet de paroi a été effectuée sur des particules de latex microniques en utilisant des canaux de faibles épaisseurs visant la minimisation du volume mort, le facteur de dilution ainsi que le temps de rétention et la consommation de phase mobile. En outre, une nouvelle technique de détection optique à multi longueurs d'onde (OMT) est présentée tout d'abord séparément dans une étude d'analyse de taille de diverses suspensions particulaires et ensuite dans un couplage " off-line " avec la SdFFF. Les résultats obtenus sont prometteurs et intéressants pour l'analyse de taille des espèces particulaires fractionnées par la FFF
Pariat, Etienne. "Injection de flux et d'hélicité magnétiques dans l'atmosphère solaire." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00108682.
Full textAprès avoir introduit cette problématique, à partir d'observations multi-longueurs d'onde (FGE, TRACE, SoHO, THEMIS), je montre pourquoi les tubes de flux magnétiques adoptent une forme ondulée au niveau de la photosphère et que des reconnexions magnétiques sont nécessaires à la progression des tubes de flux dans l'atmosphère solaire. Je présente ensuite les résultats d'une simulation numérique MHD 3D portant sur l'étude des conditions topologiques du déclenchement de la reconnexion magnétique. Enfin j'expose mes travaux analytiques sur la densité de flux d'hélicité magnétique, et leurs applications aux observations solaires.
Cette étude permet de faire le lien entre la génération de l'hélicité magnétique dans l'intérieur solaire, son injection et sa redistribution dans la couronne solaire et son éjection dans le milieu interplanétaire.
MOREIRA-TURCQ, FLORIO PATRICIA. "Application de la cytometrie de flux a l'etude des transferts estuariens : caracterisation des particules et etude des adsorptions organiques." Paris 6, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA066167.
Full textYoussef, Jean. "Étude expérimentale d'un jet plan turbulent se développant dans un flux uniforme en co-courant." Phd thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00784840.
Full textNeal, Peter Ross Chemical Sciences & Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "An examination of the nature of critical flux and membrane fouling by direct observation." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/30584.
Full textRasouli, Sousan. "Un nouveau domaine d'application des sciences de la séparation en chimie analytique : l'analyse et la purification des particules microniques et colloi͏̈dales par les techniques du fractionnement par couplage flux-force." Limoges, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIMO302B.
Full textZambelli, Laura. "Contraintes sur la prédiction des flux de neutrinos de T2K par les données de l'expérience de hadroproduction NA61/SHINE." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077215.
Full textT2K is a long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment on accelerator based in Japan, whose primary goal is a precise measurement of the thetal3 angle of the PMNS matrix. This measurement is possible through the appearance of electronic neutrinos out of a muonic neutrino beam, 300 km downstream after their creation point. Neutrinos are made by the decay in flight of unstable particles (pions, kaons, muons) produced by 31 GeV/c accelerated protons impinging onto a carbon target. Most of the neutrinos produced are of muonic-type, but a non-negligible amount of electronic neutrinos is also created, which will contribute to the dominant source of errors for the measurement of thetal3. In order to understand, and predict, this electronic contamination, a parallel hadroproduction experiment is used: NA61/SHINE at CERN reproduces the T2K beam conditions, and measures the kinematics of produced hadrons thanks to two types of target: thin and replica. The measurement of the KOS production is described in this thesis. This measurement, together with charged hadrons, is then implemented in the T2K simulation chain. The development of a simulation based on the generic tool VMC, detailed in the thesis, provides a unique framework for the simulation of the two experiments. Moreover, this tool allows tests of several hadronic models against NA61/SHINE and HARP experimental data. Fritiof-based models seem to be the most promising. All these ingredients played a key rote leading to the first measurement of the theta13 angle, and reducing its uncertainty
Wickremasinghe, Don Athula A. "HARP Targets Pion Production Cross Section and Yield Measurements: Implications for MiniBooNE Neutrino Flux." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1439295324.
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