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Journal articles on the topic 'Particle excitations'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 February 2022

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1

KROTSCHECK, E., H. M. BÖHM, and K. SCHÖRKHUBER. "TWO–PARTICLE–TWO–HOLE EXCITATIONS IN 3He." International Journal of Modern Physics B 20, no. 19 (July 30, 2006): 2657–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021797920603514x.

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We describe the development of a systematic theory of excitations in strongly interacting Fermi systems. Technically, we derive the equations of motion for multi–pair excitations from a stationarity principle. This method has, in Fermi systems, so far been developed only to the level of one–particle–one–hole excitations, where it leads to the (correlated) random phase approximation (RPA). We extend the analysis here to pair excitations. Our work is motivated by the fact that time–dependent pair correlations are necessary for explaining the physics of the phonon–roton spectrum in 4 He . It is therefore plausible that the same processes also have visible effects in the excitation spectrum of 3 He . Further motivation is derived from recent measurements of the dynamic structure function in two–dimensional 3 He . We first formulate the theory for a second quantized, weakly interacting Hamiltonian and then generalize the theory to a correlated ground state. We show that the inclusion of Jastrow–Feenberg type correlations leads to prescriptions for calculating weak effective interactions from a microscopic, strongly interacting Hamiltonian.

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2

Wise, J. E., F. W. Hersman, J. H. Heisenberg, T. E. Milliman, J. P. Connelly, J. R. Calarco, and C. N. Papanicolas. "Single-particle excitations inY89." Physical Review C 42, no. 3 (September 1, 1990): 1077–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.42.1077.

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3

Johnstone, I. P., and L. D. Skouras. "Particle-hole excitations inN=50nuclei." Physical Review C 55, no. 3 (March 1, 1997): 1227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.55.1227.

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4

FAN, J. D., and Y. M. MALOZOVSKY. "EFFECT OF PARTICLE-HOLE EXCITATIONS ON THE BCS GROUND STATE." International Journal of Modern Physics B 19, no. 01n03 (January 30, 2005): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979205027925.

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We show that the well-known BCS Hamiltonian in terms of the BCS ground state represents, in fact, the generator of the particle-hole pairs and that the BCS ground state describes both the particle-hole excitations and the pairing condensate. We calculate the contribution of particle-hole excitation to the ground state energy. We show that the particle-hole pairs in the case of attractive interaction significantly lower the ground state energy, which means that the BCS ground state is not really the superconducting ground state. In contrast, for the repulsive interaction the particle-hole excitations are just to renormalize the ground state energy. Thus, in the case of repulsive interaction the condensate of bound pairs would lead to the real superconducting ground state of the system as shown.

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5

DEMLER, EUGENE, SHOU-CHENG ZHANG, NEJAT BULUT, and DOUGLAS J. SCALAPINO. "A CLASS OF COLLECTIVE EXCITATIONS OF THE HUBBARD MODEL: η EXCITATION OF THE NEGATIVE-U MODEL." International Journal of Modern Physics B 10, no. 17 (July 30, 1996): 2137–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979296000982.

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In this series of papers we present a detailed study of the particle-particle collective excitations of the Hubbard model, and their contribution to the density and spin excitation spectrum. In the first paper, we shall investigate the singlet particle-particle pair with momentum (π, π), the η particle, of the negative-U Hubbard model. We review three previously obtained theorems about the η particle and develop a self-consistent linear response theory which takes into account its contribution to the density excitation spectrum in the superconducting state. We show that this self-consistent theory agrees with the exact theorems as well as the results of numerical Monte Carlo simulations.

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6

YUKALOV, V. I. "SINGLE-PARTICLE EXCITATIONS IN SUPERFLUID HELIUM." Modern Physics Letters B 05, no. 10 (April 30, 1991): 725–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984991000897.

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We show theoretically that the collective spectrum of a Bose liquid contains, besides the well-known phonon-roton branch, single-particle excitations existing below the roton-stability boundary k r , but above a threshold kt. The existence of these single-particle excitations is not an experimental artifact as has been supposed earlier. Calculations made for superfluid helium give the threshold momentum k t ≅1 Å−1. This value and the attenuation found of the single-particle excitations are in very good agreement with experimental data.

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7

SHARIPOV, SH, and M. J. ERMAMATOV. "ROTATIONALLY SINGLE-PARTICLE AND VIBRATIONAL EXCITED STATES OF DEFORMABLE ODD NUCLEI WITH SMALL NONAXIALITY." International Journal of Modern Physics E 12, no. 01 (February 2003): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301303001132.

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Rotationally single-particle and vibrational excitations of deformable odd nuclei with small nonaxiality are investigated with allowance for the interaction of collective and single-particle states. The ratios of excitation energies, of reduced probabilities of E2 transitions, and of quadrupole moments for deformable odd nuclei with small nonaxiality are calculated up to high-spin states.

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8

SHARIPOV, SH, and M. J. ERMAMATOV. "ABOUT EXCITED STATES OF DEFORMABLE NON-AXIAL ODD NUCLEI." International Journal of Modern Physics E 12, no. 05 (October 2003): 683–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301303001545.

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Rotationally single-particle and vibrational excitations of deformable odd non-axial odd nuclei are investigated with allowance for the interaction of collective and single-particle states. The ratios of excitation energies, of reduced probabilities of E2 transitions, and of quadrupole moments for deformable non-axial odd nuclei are calculated up to high-spin states.

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9

SHARIPOV, SH, M. J. ERMAMATOV, and J. K. BAYIMBETOVA. "EXCITED STATES OF DEFORMABLE TRIAXIAL ODD 165Ho AND 167Er NUCLEI." International Journal of Modern Physics E 15, no. 03 (April 2006): 719–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301306004557.

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Rotationally single-particle and vibrational excitations of two deformable triaxial odd 165 Ho and 167 Er nuclei are investigated with allowance for the interaction of collective and single-particle states. The ratios of excitation energies, of reduced E2 transition probabilities, and of quadrupole moments of these nuclei are calculated up to high-spin states.

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10

Shraiman, Boris I., and Eric D. Siggia. "Two-particle excitations in antiferromagnetic insulators." Physical Review Letters 60, no. 8 (February 22, 1988): 740–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.60.740.

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11

Mishra, A., H. Mishra, S. P. Misra, and S. N. Nayak. "Higgs-particle production through vacuum excitations." Physical Review D 44, no. 1 (July 1, 1991): 110–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.44.110.

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12

Schwengner, R., G. Winter, J. D�ring, L. Funke, P. Kemnitz, E. Will, A. E. Sobov, et al. "Collective and two-particle excitations in78Se." Zeitschrift f�r Physik A Atomic Nuclei 326, no. 3 (September 1987): 287–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01297583.

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13

Brenig, Wolfram, and Arno P. Kampf. "Single particle excitations in itinerant antiferromagnets." Journal of Low Temperature Physics 95, no. 1-2 (April 1994): 329–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00754948.

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14

Nayeri, R. D., S. F. Masri, and J. P. Caffrey. "Studies of the Performance of Multi-Unit Impact Dampers Under Stochastic Excitation." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 129, no. 2 (July 7, 2006): 239–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2346694.

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The performance of particle dampers whose behavior under broadband excitations involves internal friction and momentum transfer is a highly complex nonlinear process that is not amenable to exact analytical solutions. While numerous analytical and experimental studies have been conducted over many years to develop strategies for modeling and controlling the behavior of this class of vibration dampers, no guidelines currently exist for determining optimum strategies for maximizing the performance of particle dampers, whether in a single unit or in arrays of dampers, under random excitation. This paper focuses on the development and evaluation of practical design strategies for maximizing the damping efficiency of multi-unit particle dampers under random excitation, both the stationary and nonstationary type. High-fidelity simulation studies are conducted with a variable number of multi-unit dampers ranging from 1 to 100, with the magnitude of the “dead-space” nonlinearity being a random variable with a prescribed probability distribution spanning a feasible range of parameters. Results of the computational studies are calibrated with carefully conducted experiments with single-unit/single-particle, single-unit/multi-particle, and multiple-unit/multi-particle dampers. It is shown that a wide latitude exists in the trade-off between high vibration attenuation over a narrow range of damper gap size versus slightly reduced attenuation over a much broader range. The optimum configuration can be achieved through the use of multiple particle dampers designed in accordance with the procedure presented in the paper. A semi-active algorithm is introduced to improve the rms level reduction, as well as the peak response reduction. The utility of the approach is demonstrated through numerical simulation studies involving broadband stationary random excitations, as well as highly nonstationary excitations resembling typical earthquake ground motions.

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15

Costa, José Antônio Trindade Borges da. "Uma introdução à Teoria Quântica de muitas partículas aplicada a Física do Estado Sólido." Ciência e Natura 14, no. 14 (December 14, 1992): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x26313.

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Some fundamental concepts and mathematical tools of the quant um theory of many particle systems, which are indispensable to the study of solid state physics. are presented. The concepts of collective excitations and quasi-particles are stressed. Concerning the mathematical tools, Quantum Mechanics is presented in its general, representation independent formalism. The many-particle problem is approached in the occupation number representation, or second quantization. Finally, as an application the interaction between electrons and the vibrations of a crystal lattice, described in terms of elementary excitations of collective waves, i.e., phonons, is expressed and discussed within this framework.

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16

Lozeva, Radomira, Min Si, and Guillaume Häfner. "Beyond 132Sn: Examples of new data on exotic neutron-rich Te isotopes from fission and β-decay." EPJ Web of Conferences 232 (2020): 04008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202023204008.

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Exotic nuclei beyond the 132Sn double shell-closure have both single-particle and collective particlehole excitations and are expected to have competing excitation patterns from both type of excitations together with possible structural changes. We are, therefore, studying the region in the close vicinity beyond 132Sn and further with the neutron increase with experimental methods such as induced fission and β decay. A short overview of this knowledge will be given together with examples of newly obtained data at preliminary stage.

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17

Kamleh, Waseem, Derek Leinweber, Zhan-wei Liu, Finn Stokes, Anthony Thomas, Samuel Thomas, and Jia-jun Wu. "Structure of the Nucleon and its Excitations." EPJ Web of Conferences 175 (2018): 06019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817506019.

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The structure of the ground state nucleon and its finite-volume excitations are examined from three different perspectives. Using new techniques to extract the relativistic components of the nucleon wave function, the node structure of both the upper and lower components of the nucleon wave function are illustrated. A non-trivial role for gluonic components is manifest. In the second approach, the parity-expanded variational analysis (PEVA) technique is utilised to isolate states at finite momenta, enabling a novel examination of the electric and magnetic form factors of nucleon excitations. Here the magnetic form factors of low-lying odd-parity nucleons are particularly interesting. Finally, the structure of the nucleon spectrum is examined in a Hamiltonian effective field theory analysis incorporating recent lattice-QCD determinations of low-lying two-particle scattering-state energies in the finite volume. The Roper resonance of Nature is observed to originate from multi-particle coupled-channel interactions while the first radial excitation of the nucleon sits much higher at approximately 1.9 GeV.

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18

Röösli, Marc P., Michael Hug, Giorgio Nicolí, Peter Märki, Christian Reichl, Bernd Rosenow, Werner Wegscheider, Klaus Ensslin, and Thomas Ihn. "Fractional Coulomb blockade for quasi-particle tunneling between edge channels." Science Advances 7, no. 19 (May 2021): eabf5547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abf5547.

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In the fractional quantum Hall effect, the elementary excitations are quasi-particles with fractional charges as predicted by theory and demonstrated by noise and interference experiments. We observe Coulomb blockade of fractional charges in the measured magneto-conductance of a 1.4-micron-wide quantum dot. Interaction-driven edge reconstruction separates the dot into concentric compressible regions with fractionally charged excitations and incompressible regions acting as tunnel barriers for quasi-particles. Our data show the formation of incompressible regions of filling factors 2/3 and 1/3. Comparing data at fractional filling factors to filling factor 2, we extract the fractional quasi-particle charge e*/e = 0.32 ± 0.03 and 0.35 ± 0.05. Our investigations extend and complement quantum Hall Fabry-Pérot interference experiments investigating the nature of anyonic fractional quasi-particles.

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19

Zilges, A., M. Babilon, T. Hartmann, D. Savran, and S. Volz. "Collective excitations close to the particle threshold." Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics 55, no. 1 (July 2005): 408–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ppnp.2005.01.018.

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20

Machner, H. "Particle-hole excitations in nucleus-nucleus collisions." Zeitschrift f�r Physik A Atoms and Nuclei 321, no. 4 (December 1985): 577–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01432432.

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21

Barberan, Nuria, Rafael Garcia-Molina, and Alberto Gras-Marti. "Charged-particle interaction with liquids: Ripplon excitations." Physical Review B 40, no. 1 (July 1, 1989): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.40.10.

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22

Hasan, M. Z., E. D. Isaacs, Z.-X. Shen, and L. L. Miller. "Particle-hole excitations in insulating antiferromagnet Ca2CuO2Cl2." Physica C: Superconductivity 341-348 (November 2000): 781–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-4534(00)00690-0.

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23

Zilges, A. "Collective excitations close to the particle threshold." Nuclear Physics A 731 (February 2004): 249–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.036.

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24

Asghar, M., J. P. Bocquet, R. Brissot, M. Djebara, M. Maurel, H. Nifenecker, and Ch Ristori. "Quasi-particle excitations in low energy fission." Radiation Effects 93, no. 1-4 (March 1986): 69–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00337578608207432.

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25

Lee, C. S., J. A. Cizewski, D. Barker, G. Kumbartzki, R. Tanczyn, R. G. Henry, L. P. Farris, and H. Li. "Single-particle and collective excitations in 124Te." Nuclear Physics A 530, no. 1 (July 1991): 58–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(91)90755-u.

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26

Eder, Robert, Oana Stoica, and George A. Sawatzky. "Single-particle excitations of the Kondo lattice." Physical Review B 55, no. 10 (March 1, 1997): R6109—R6112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.55.r6109.

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27

von Szczepanski, K. J., P. Horsch, W. Stephan, and M. Ziegler. "Single-particle excitations in a quantum antiferromagnet." Physical Review B 41, no. 4 (February 1, 1990): 2017–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.41.2017.

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28

Poppelier, N. A. F. M., and P. W. M. Glaudemans. "Particle-hole excitations in the208Pb mass region." Zeitschrift f�r Physik A Atomic Nuclei 329, no. 3 (September 1988): 275–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01290233.

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29

Belitsky, V. I., A. Cantarero, and S. T. Pavlov. "Single-particle excitations in electronic light scattering." Solid State Communications 94, no. 8 (May 1995): 589–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0038-1098(95)00133-6.

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30

Babicheva, V. E. "Directional scattering by the hyperbolic-medium antennas and silicon particles." MRS Advances 3, no. 33 (2018): 1913–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2018.112.

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ABSTRACTOptical antennas made out of materials with hyperbolic dispersion is an alternative approach to realizing efficient subwavelength scatterers and may overcome limitations imposed by plasmonic and all-dielectric designs. Recently emerged natural hyperbolic material hexagonal boron nitride supports phonon-polariton excitations with low optical losses and high anisotropy. Here we study scattering properties of the hyperbolic-medium (HM) antennas, and in particular, we consider a combination of two types of the particles - HM bars and silicon spheres - arranged in a periodic array. We analyze excitation of electric and magnetic resonances in the particles and effect of their overlap in the array. We theoretically demonstrate that decrease of reflectance from the array can be achieved with appropriate particle dimensions where electric and magnetic resonances of different particle types overlap, and the resonance oscillations are in phase. In this case, generalized Kerker condition is satisfied, and particle dimers in the array efficiently scatter light in the forward direction. The effect can be used in designing metasurfaces based on hexagonal boron nitride scatterers with an application in mid-infrared photonics.

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31

Fan, Ying Yuan, Zhao Yun Qiu, Shu Wei Li, and Fa Ming Liu. "Measurement of SiC Particle Size Based on Ultrasonic Attenuation Spectrum." Advanced Materials Research 503-504 (April 2012): 370–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.503-504.370.

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To compare the different effects under different excitation methods during the measurement on the particle size of silicon carbide (SiC), an experimental system has been established to get different signal excitations of burst wave, continuous wave and pulsed wave. Variable sound path method is adopted during the measurement to obtain the ultrasonic attenuation spectrum of SiC suspensions with two immersion transducers at four different mass concentrations under the same experimental condition. It is found that the ultrasonic attenuation coefficients excited by three different waves increase with increasing frequency and the tendency is approaching the same. The result calculated by a normalized spectrum of the optimal regularization methods shows that SiC particle size distribution under the three excitation methods is similar, which indicate that the different excitation methods on particle size characterization have almost no influence to result.

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32

Kuang, Lulin, Yu Lan, Huaisong Zhao, and Shiping Feng. "High-energy magnetic excitations in cuprate superconductors." International Journal of Modern Physics B 29, no. 25n26 (October 14, 2015): 1542001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979215420011.

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In this paper, the high-energy magnetic excitations in cuprate superconductors are studied based on the kinetic energy driven superconducting mechanism. The spin self-energy is evaluated explicitly in terms of the collective charge carrier modes in the particle–hole and particle–particle channels, and employed to calculate the dynamical spin structure factor. Our results show the existence of damped but well-defined dispersive spin excitations in the whole doping phase diagram. In particular, the charge carrier doping has a more modest effect on the high-energy spin excitations, and then the high-energy magnetic excitations retain roughly constant energy as a function of doping, with spectral weights and dispersion relations comparable to those found in the parent compound.

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33

Vijayan, Jayadev, Pimonpan Sompet, Guillaume Salomon, Joannis Koepsell, Sarah Hirthe, Annabelle Bohrdt, Fabian Grusdt, Immanuel Bloch, and Christian Gross. "Time-resolved observation of spin-charge deconfinement in fermionic Hubbard chains." Science 367, no. 6474 (January 9, 2020): 186–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aay2354.

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Elementary particles carry several quantum numbers, such as charge and spin. However, in an ensemble of strongly interacting particles, the emerging degrees of freedom can fundamentally differ from those of the individual constituents. For example, one-dimensional systems are described by independent quasiparticles carrying either spin (spinon) or charge (holon). Here, we report on the dynamical deconfinement of spin and charge excitations in real space after the removal of a particle in Fermi-Hubbard chains of ultracold atoms. Using space- and time-resolved quantum gas microscopy, we tracked the evolution of the excitations through their signatures in spin and charge correlations. By evaluating multipoint correlators, we quantified the spatial separation of the excitations in the context of fractionalization into single spinons and holons at finite temperatures.

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34

Chacón, Ricardo, and Pedro J. Martínez. "Exact Universal Excitation Waveform for Optimal Enhancement of Directed Ratchet Transport." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 31, no. 07 (June 15, 2021): 2150109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127421501091.

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We show the existence and properties of an exact universal excitation waveform for optimal enhancement of directed ratchet transport (in the sense of the average velocity) by providing three alternative derivations. Specifically, it is deduced from the criticality scenario giving rise to ratchet universality as well as from an approach based on Fokker–Planck’s equation. Numerical experiments confirmed the existence of such exact universal excitation waveform in the context of a driven overdamped Brownian particle subjected to a periodic potential. While the universality scenario holds regardless of the waveform of the periodic vibratory excitations involved, it is shown that the enhancement of directed ratchet transport is optimal when the impulse transmitted by those excitations (time integral over a half-period) is maximum.

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35

SCHOMMERS, W., H. KLANN, C. POLITIS, P. PAPANIKOLAOU, and N. ATHANASIOU. "NONLINEAR DYNAMIC EXCITATIONS AND PHONONS IN NANOSYSTEMS." Modern Physics Letters B 08, no. 02 (January 20, 1994): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984994000108.

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The phonon density of states for nanoclusters has been studied theoretically using molecular dynamics; in this way, anharmonic effects could be fully considered. Comparisons are made with results obtained from bulk calculations. The cluster properties have been studied for several particle numbers and temperatures. It turned out that the properties of clusters are sensitive to small variations in the interactions between the particles. Therefore, in the calculation of cluster properties, the precise knowledge of the interaction is necessary. In our study, we have chosen krypton nanosystems because for this substance, a reliable interaction potential is available. First estimations have also been performed for metal (Al, Pb) systems.

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36

Schüller, C., G. Biese, K. Keller, C. Steinebach, D. Heitmann, P. Grambow, and K. Eberl. "Single-particle excitations and many-particle interactions in quantum wires and dots." Physical Review B 54, no. 24 (December 15, 1996): R17304—R17307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.54.r17304.

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37

Svensson, E. C., and D. C. Tennant. "Search for Single-Particle Excitations in Super fluid4He." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 26, S3-1 (January 1, 1987): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/jjaps.26s3.31.

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38

Ziskind, G., M. Fichman, and C. Gutfinger. "Particle behavior on surfaces subjected to external excitations." Journal of Aerosol Science 31, no. 6 (June 2000): 703–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-8502(99)00554-6.

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39

Fortunato, S., A. Insolia, R. J. Liotta, and T. Vertse. "Two-particle–one-hole excitations in the continuum." Physical Review C 54, no. 6 (December 1, 1996): 3279–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.54.3279.

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40

Flibotte, S., G. Hackman, I. Ragnarsson, Ch Theisen, H. R. Andrews, G. C. Ball, C. W. Beausang, et al. "Multi-particle excitations in the superdeformed 149Gd nucleus." Nuclear Physics A 584, no. 2 (February 1995): 373–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(94)00450-2.

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41

Schmidt, H. J., and Y. Kuramoto. "Dispersive single-particle excitations in high-Tccopper oxides." Physical Review B 42, no. 4 (August 1, 1990): 2562–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.42.2562.

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42

von Szczepanski, K. J., P. Horsch, W. Stephan, and M. Ziegler. "Erratum: Single-particle excitations in a quantum antiferromagnet." Physical Review B 45, no. 9 (March 1, 1992): 5118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.45.5118.

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43

Daly, P. J., C. T. Zhang, P. Bhattacharyya, R. Broda, Z. W. Grabowski, D. Nisius, I. Ahmad, et al. "Few-valence-particle excitations around doubly magic 132Sn." Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei 358, no. 2 (February 1997): 203–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002180050308.

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44

ELLIS, JOHN, P. KANTI, N. E. MAVROMATOS, ELIZABETH WINSTANLEY, and D. V. NANOPOULOS. "DECOHERENT SCATTERING OF LIGHT PARTICLES IN A D-BRANE BACKGROUND." Modern Physics Letters A 13, no. 04 (February 10, 1998): 303–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021773239800036x.

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We discuss the scattering of two light particles in a D-brane background. It is known that, if one light particle strikes the D-brane at small impact parameter, quantum recoil effects induce entanglement entropy in both the excited D-brane and the scattered particle. In this letter we compute the asymptotic "out" state of a second light particle scattering off the D-brane at large impact parameter, showing that it also becomes mixed as a consequence of quantum D-brane recoil effects. We interpret this as a non-factorizing contribution to the superscattering operator $ for the two light particles in a Liouville D-brane background, that appears when quantum D-brane excitations are taken into account.

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45

HORIUCHI, W., and Y. SUZUKI. "A UNIFIED DESCRIPTION OF PARTICLE-HOLE AND CLUSTER EXCITATIONS IN A FEW-BODY APPROACH." Modern Physics Letters A 25, no. 21n23 (July 30, 2010): 1899–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732310000599.

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We attempt at describing the particle-hole and cluster excitations for A ~ 16 nuclei in a single scheme of a 12 C core plus few-nucleon model. A nucleon-12 C potential is derived based on a collective model taking into account the core excitation and its parameters are determined to reproduce the low-lying spectrum of 13 C . The model is tested in three- and four-body systems, 14 C , 14 N and 15 C . Preliminary results of the five-body systems for 16 C and 16 O are reported.

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Fang, Jianglong, Xiaopeng Wang, Tianning Chen, and Kai Zhang. "Research on the energy dissipation mechanism of nonobstructive particle dampers based on the dense granular flow theory." Journal of Vibration and Control 24, no. 4 (May 16, 2016): 682–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546316649533.

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To study the energy dissipation mechanism of nonobstructive particle dampers (NOPDs) and provide guidance to the application of NOPDs, the dense granular flow theory was introduced to establish a quantitative energy dissipation model for NOPDs. The convection movement of the particles under vibrational excitations was studied using the discrete element method, and the Prandtl mixing length theory was adopted to modify the constitution law of dense granular flows. The pressure of the granular flow was obtained by equivalenting the vibrational excitation to a body force acted on particles. Theoretical results showed that the energy dissipation rate of the NOPD was increased with the vibration intensity and decreased with the granular diameter. It also indicated that particles near the side wall and the bottom of the damper dissipated more energy than those particles in other regions. The theoretical model was verified by simulation and experimental result. The results may provide a new approach to studying the energy dissipation mechanism of NOPD and give some guidance to enhancing the damping performance of NOPD in engineering practices.

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Majhi, Abhishek. "Black Hole Entropy from Indistinguishable Quantum Geometric Excitations." Advances in High Energy Physics 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2903867.

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In loop quantum gravity the quantum geometry of a black hole horizon consists of discrete nonperturbative quantum geometric excitations (or punctures) labeled by spins, which are responsible for the quantum area of the horizon. If these punctures are compared to a gas of particles, then the spins associated with the punctures can be viewed as single puncture area levels analogous to single particle energy levels. Consequently, if we assume these punctures to be indistinguishable, the microstate count for the horizon resembles that of Bose-Einstein counting formula for gas of particles. For the Bekenstein-Hawking area law to follow from the entropy calculation in the large area limit, the Barbero-Immirzi parameter (γ) approximately takes a constant value. As a by-product, we are able to speculate the state counting formula for the SU(2) quantum Chern-Simons theory coupled to indistinguishable sources in the weak coupling limit.

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Claro, F., R. Fuchs, P. Robles, and R. Rojas. "The effect of dissipation on the torque and force experienced by nanoparticles in an AC field." International Journal of Modern Physics B 29, no. 01 (December 18, 2014): 1450240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979214502403.

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We discuss the force and torque acting on spherical particles in an ensemble in the presence of a uniform AC electric field. We show that for a torque causing particle rotation to appear the particle must be absorptive. Our proof includes all electromagnetic excitations, which in the case of two or more particles gives rise to one or more resonances in the spectrum of force and torque depending on interparticle distance. Several peaks are found in the force and torque between two spheres at small interparticle distances, which coalesce to just one as the separation grows beyond three particle radii. We also show that in the presence of dissipation the force on each particle is nonconservative and may not be derived from the classical interaction potential energy as has been done in the past.

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REATTO, L., and D. E. GALLI. "WHAT IS A ROTON?" International Journal of Modern Physics B 13, no. 05n06 (March 10, 1999): 607–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979299000497.

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Many models of a roton in superfluid 4 He have been proposed over the years but no general consensus has been reached yet on the nature of such excitation. We present a number of new results relating to this question. We have developed an accurate representation of the wave function of such excitation which is based on a shadow function. This allows to treat the short range backflow effects in a non perturbative way. The theory gives results in quantitative agreement with experiment. Starting from such eigenstates of momentum we build wave–packets and study local quantities like density, momentum and vorticity. No model agrees with our results for the excitations in the roton minimum region because we find that the excitations have in a varying degree characters of single particle, of non quantized smoke ring and of collective excitation. We have also considered 4 He in two dimensions and we find similar results. In 2D we have studied also maxon and high frequency phonon wave–packets.

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DUCOURTIEUX, S., S. GRÉSILLON, A. C. BOCCARA, J. C. RIVOAL, X. QUELIN, P. GADENNE, V. P. DRACHEV, et al. "PERCOLATION AND FRACTAL COMPOSITES: OPTICAL STUDIES." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 09, no. 01 (March 2000): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863500000108.

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Local field distributions are studied in random metal–dielectric films near percolation (percolation films) and fractal aggregates of colloidal particles. For both systems, it is shown that optical excitations are localized in small nanometer-scale areas, "hot spots," where the local fields are much larger than the field of an incident electromagnetic wave. The large local fields result in giant enhancement of various optical phenomena. The surface-enhanced white-light generation and second-harmonic generation have been obtained in percolation films. For fractal aggregates of silver particles, a giant effect of local optical activity has been observed. The effect is due to surface-plasmon excitations localized on chiral-active particle configurations in fractals.

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