Relevant bibliographies by topics / Particle evacuation

Academic literature on the topic 'Particle evacuation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Particle evacuation"

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Yuan, Gan-Nan, Li-Na Zhang, Li-Qiang Liu, and Kan Wang. "Passengers’ Evacuation in Ships Based on Neighborhood Particle Swarm Optimization." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/939723.

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A new intelligent model to simulate evacuation behavior in ships called neighborhood particle swarm optimization is proposed. This model determines the rules of behavior and velocity updating formulas to solve staff conflicts. The individuals in evacuation are taken as particles in PSO and update their behaviors by individual attributes, neighborhood attributes, and social attributes. Putting the degree of freedom movement of ships into environment factor and using the real Ro-Ro ship information and IMO test scenarios to simulate the evacuation process, the model in this paper can truly simulate the behavior of persons in emergency and provide a new idea to design excellent evacuation model.
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Senthil Kumar Thangavel, K. Pavithra, G. Radhamani,. "IMPROVED PARTICLE SWAM OPTIMIZATION FOR CROWD SIMULATION USING HYBRID AGENT REINFORCEMENT LEARNING ALGORITHM." INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN INDUSTRY 9, no. 2 (March 30, 2021): 144–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/itii.v9i2.318.

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In an emergency route planning technique, simulating the dynamic crowd has route capacity constraints and global target of evacuating all crowd evacuees. To stimulate the crowd, the new arena is developed to know the real-time situation to face the crowd evacuation on exit point. The crowd evacuation is done with the process of Hybrid Agent Reinforcement Learning (HARL) algorithm consisting of Improved Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (IMARL) and State-Action-Reward-State-Action (SARSA). In the proposed work, the appropriate route selection mechanism focused on finding optimum evacuation route(s) is done in the first phase. Dynamic crowd can also be evacuated to find its way with the support of the HARL process in the second phase. The proposed HARL method can also be implemented with multi-objective improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) technique for crowd simulation. The experimented results demonstrate the effectiveness of stability in the HARL process, which provides an improved performance for crowd simulation
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Fidler, Richard L., Christopher R. Niedek, Justin J. Teng, Mary E. Sturgeon, Qi Zhang, David L. Robinowitz, and Jan Hirsch. "Aerosol Retention Characteristics of Barrier Devices." Anesthesiology 134, no. 1 (October 30, 2020): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000003597.

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Background Disease severity in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may be associated with inoculation dose. This has triggered interest in intubation barrier devices to block droplet exposure; however, aerosol protection with these devices is not known. This study hypothesized that barrier devices reduce aerosol outside of the barrier. Methods Aerosol containment in closed, semiclosed, semiopen, and open barrier devices was investigated: (1) “glove box” sealed with gloves and caudal drape, (2) “drape tent” with a drape placed over a frame, (3) “slit box” with armholes and caudal end covered by vinyl slit diaphragms, (4) original “aerosol box,” (5) collapsible “interlocking box,” (6) “simple drape” over the patient, and (7) “no barrier.” Containment was investigated by (1) vapor instillation at manikin’s right arm with video-assisted visual evaluation and (2) submicrometer ammonium sulfate aerosol particles ejected through the manikin’s mouth with ventilation and coughs. Samples were taken from standardized locations inside and around the barriers using a particle counter and a mass spectrometer. Aerosol evacuation from the devices was measured using standard hospital suction, a surgical smoke evacuator, and a Shop-Vac. Results Vapor experiments demonstrated leakage via arm holes and edges. Only closed and semiclosed devices and the aerosol box reduced aerosol particle counts (median [25th, 75th percentile]) at the operator’s mouth compared to no barrier (combined median 29 [−11, 56], n = 5 vs. 157 [151, 166], n = 5). The other barrier devices provided less reduction in particle counts (133 [128, 137], n = 5). Aerosol evacuation to baseline required 15 min with standard suction and the Shop-Vac and 5 min with a smoke evacuator. Conclusions Barrier devices may reduce exposure to droplets and aerosol. With meticulous tucking, the glove box and drape tent can retain aerosol during airway management. Devices that are not fully enclosed may direct aerosol toward the laryngoscopist. Aerosol evacuation reduces aerosol content inside fully enclosed devices. Barrier devices must be used in conjunction with body-worn personal protective equipment. Editor’s Perspective What We Already Know about This Topic What This Article Tells Us That Is New
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Carr, Michele M., Vijay A. Patel, Jhy-Charm Soo, Sherri Friend, and Eun Gyung Lee. "Effect of Electrocautery Settings on Particulate Concentrations in Surgical Plume during Tonsillectomy." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 162, no. 6 (March 31, 2020): 867–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599820914275.

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Objectives To describe the effect of monopolar electrocautery (EC) settings on surgical plume particulate concentration during pediatric tonsillectomy. Study Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Tertiary medical center. Subjects and Methods During total tonsillectomy exclusively performed with EC, air was sampled with a surgeon-worn portable particle counter. The airborne mean and maximum particle concentrations were compared for tonsillectomy performed with EC at 12 W vs 20 W, with smoke evacuation system (SES) and no smoke evacuation (NS). Results A total of 36 children were included in this analysis: 9 cases with EC at 12 W and SES (12SES), 9 cases with EC at 20 W and SES (20SES), 9 cases with EC at 12 W without SES (12NS), and 9 cases with EC at 20 W without SES (20NS). Mean particle number concentration in the breathing zone during tonsillectomy was 1661 particles/cm3 for 12SES, 5515 particles/cm3 for 20SES, 8208 particles/cm3 for 12NS, and 78,506 particles/cm3 for 20NS. There was a statistically significant difference in the particle number concentrations among the 4 groups. The correlation between the particle number concentration and EC time was either moderate (for 12SES) or negative (for remaining groups). Conclusion Airborne particle concentrations during tonsillectomy are over 9.5 times higher when EC is set at 20 W vs 12 W with NS, which is mitigated to 3.3 times with SES. Applying lower EC settings with SES during pediatric tonsillectomy significantly reduces surgical plume exposure for patients, surgeons, and operating room personnel, which is a well-known occupational health hazard.
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Zong, Xinlu, Chunzhi Wang, and Hongwei Chen. "An evacuation model based on co-evolutionary multi-particle swarms optimization for pedestrian–vehicle mixed traffic flow." International Journal of Modern Physics C 28, no. 12 (December 2017): 1750142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s012918311750142x.

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In a large common place, a huge number of pedestrians may flood into the surrounding region and mix with the vehicles which originally existed on the roads when emergent events occur. The mutual restriction between pedestrians and vehicles as well as the mutual effect between evacuation individuals and the environment which evacuees are situated in, will have an important impact on evacuation effects. This paper presents a pedestrian–vehicle mixed evacuation model to produce optimal evacuation plans considering both evacuation time and density degree. A co-evolutionary multi-particle swarms optimization approach is proposed to simulate the evacuation process of pedestrians and vehicles separately and the interaction between these two kinds of traffic modes. The proposed model and algorithm are effective for mixed evacuation problems. An illustrating example of a study region around a large stadium has been presented. The experimental results indicate the effective performances for evacuation problems which involve complex environments and various types of traffic modes.
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Roch, Samuel, Albert F. H. Ros, Christian Friedrich, and Alexander Brinker. "Microplastic evacuation in fish is particle size‐dependent." Freshwater Biology 66, no. 5 (February 18, 2021): 926–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/fwb.13687.

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Wang, Chen, Lincoln C. Wood, Heng Li, Zhenye Aw, and Abolfazl Keshavarzsaleh. "Applied Artificial Bee Colony Optimization Algorithm in Fire Evacuation Routing System." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2018 (2018): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7962952.

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Every minute counts in an event of fire evacuation where evacuees need to make immediate routing decisions in a condition of low visibility, low environmental familiarity, and high anxiety. However, the existing fire evacuation routing models using various algorithm such as ant colony optimization or particle swarm optimization can neither properly interpret the delay caused by congestion during evacuation nor determine the best layout of emergency exit guidance signs; thus bee colony optimization is expected to solve the problem. This study aims to develop a fire evacuation routing model “Bee-Fire” using artificial bee colony optimization (BCO) and to test the routing model through a simulation run. Bee-Fire is able to find the optimal fire evacuation routing solutions; thus not only the clearance time but also the total evacuation time can be reduced. Simulation shows that Bee-Fire could save 10.12% clearance time and 15.41% total evacuation time; thus the congestion during the evacuation process could be effectively avoided and thus the evacuation becomes more systematic and efficient.
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Shao, Fenfen, Tuck Wah Ng, Jim Efthimiadis, Anthony Somers, and Willem Schwalb. "Evaporative micro-particle self assembly influenced by capillary evacuation." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 377, no. 1 (July 2012): 421–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2012.02.071.

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Bertocchi, Rudi. "Carbon Particle Cloud Generation for a Solar Particle Receiver." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 124, no. 3 (August 1, 2002): 230–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1488666.

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The development and performance of a full-scale carbon particle cloud generator together with the evaluation of nine commercial carbon blacks is reported. Large variations were found in the dispersability and settling properties of the investigated powders. Scanning electron microscope analysis of cloud samples from different powders showed unequal state of agglomeration and particle size. The particle population distribution of the most suitable powder was determined, showing that the particle cloud consisted of 99.8% spheroid primary particles (25–570 nm dia) and 0.2% large irregularly shaped agglomerates. Although the numerical fraction of the agglomerates was only 0.2%, they contributed 40% to the cloud’s geometrical cross section. Significant variations in the population distribution were found from different batches of the same particle powder. The developed full-scale particle generator was capable of sustained operation, creating a particle cloud with an extinction coefficient exceeding 40m−1 at a nominal flow rate of 25 SLPM. The dispersal efficiency of the system with the optimal ejection nozzle was 25%, compared to less than 1% for free ejection. The particle dispersal rate was 30 g/hr at 25 SLPM at an evacuation efficiency of 87%. Specific extinction cross-sections of 5.8m2/g were measured for particle mass loading higher than 2g/m3.
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Niu, Yanyan, Jia Yu, Dawei Lu, Renwu Mu, and Jiahong Wen. "Spatial Allocation Method of Evacuation Guiders in Urban Open Public Spaces: A Case Study of Binjiang Green Space in Xuhui District, Shanghai, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19 (September 27, 2022): 12293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912293.

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Evacuation guiders play an important role when emergency events occur in urban open public spaces. Considering the shortcomings of the existing studies, an optimization method based on the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm and gradual covering model for spatial allocation of evacuation guiders in urban open public spaces is proposed. This method considers the impact of obstacles on intervisibility between guiders and evacuees, and the non-linear changing characteristics of the evacuation guiding quality based on the distances between guiders and evacuees to optimize the space allocation of evacuation guiders in urban open public spaces. Based on the emergency evacuation simulation, the evacuation efficiencies before and after the optimization of evacuation guider allocation can be compared to verify the validity of the proposed method. Furthermore, in order to improve the applicability of this method, the responsibility areas of the evacuation guiders are zoned according to different time periods. A case study of Binjiang Green Space in Xuhui District, Shanghai, China was conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method. The results showed that the spatial allocation of evacuation guiders was highly correlated with the dynamic spatial change of evacuees. The reasonable spatial allocation optimization of evacuation guiders can effectively improve the emergency evacuation quality and reduce evacuation risks. The zoning of the evacuation guiders’ responsibility areas can help to clarify the responsibility area of each guider and provide a daily safety precaution scheme under a limited number of guiders. The method can provide detailed decision support for the security precaution of security staff and emergency evacuation management in urban open public spaces.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Particle evacuation"

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Hata, John Myerly. "Computational Evacuation Models for Populations with Heterogeneous Mobility Requirements." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1630527493639447.

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Rehnberg, Christine, and Nicola Youngman. "Förekomst av ultra-fina partiklar och partiklar ≤10µm vid diatermianvändning med mobilt rökutsug : Jämförelse av partikelnivåer centralt och perifert på operationssal." Thesis, Uppsala University, Caring Sciences, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-120888.

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Flertalet studier har påvisat ett samband mellan koncentrationen av partiklar ≤ 10µm i luftföroreningar och cardiovaskulär- och pulmonell morbiditet och mortalitet. Vid resektion, koagulering/bränning med diatermipenna under operationer alstras rök. Denna rök innehåller bland annat mutagena och carcinogena partiklar i inhalerbar storlek (partiklar ≤ 10µm).

Ett första syfte med denna studie var att kvantifiera den mängd ultra-fina partiklar (UFP) och partiklar ≤ 10µm som operationspersonal exponeras för i operationsrummet, vid användande av diatermi med mobilt rökutsug. Ett andra syfte var också att ta reda på om operations-personal exponeras olika mycket beroende på var i rummet de befinner sig, samt undersöka om partikelnivåerna skiljer sig på olika operationssalar. Partikelmätningar utfördes under 14 ortopediska operationer där diatermi med rökutsug använts.

Medelvärdena av UFP visar på relativt låga partikelkoncentrationer på höftprotes- och ryggoperationer, med mycket korta stunder av höga värden upp till ett maxvärde på 88 396pt/ml vid operationsområdet. Även partiklar i storleken 1-10µm låg inom låga nivåer och under gränsvärdena vid jämförelse med organisk damm. Resultaten i studien indikerar att personal som står vid operationssåret exponeras av högre partikelkoncentrationer av ultra-fina partiklar och partiklar 1-10µm än övrig personal, även vid användande av mobilt rökutsug. Vid jämförelse av partikelnivåer av ultra-fina partiklar på två olika operationssalar framkom det att på den sal med lägst antal luftväxlingar i operationsrummet, var partikelkoncentrationen signifikant högre.

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Euclide, Peter Thomas. "Fixed Versus Plastic Partial Migration Of The Aquatic Macroinvertebrate, Mysis Diluviana, In Lake Champlain." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2015. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/372.

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Partial migration, whereby populations consist of residents and migrants, is common among migrating organisms. Partial migration of aquatic organisms, however, remains largely under-studied even though many aquatic animals exhibit horizontal and vertical migrations during their lifetime. Macroinvertebrates of the genus Mysis exhibit diel vertical migrations (DVM). Some species have recently been observed to exhibit partial diel migrations where some individuals reside on the bottom throughout the night while others migrate into the water column. To test the hypothesis that individuals are fixed as residents or migrants, we compared demographic information and C and N isotope compositions of M. diluviana caught at night in pelagic and benthic regions of Lake Champlain. Our results suggest there are two distinct ecotypes of M. diluviana separated by migration behavior. The migrating ecotype was smaller than the resident ecotype and enriched in δ15N while the resident ecotype had a higher C:N ratio. Because we did not allow for gut evacuation prior to our analyses, we conducted a follow-up experiment to test the effect of gut content on isotope composition of M. diluviana. The experiments confirmed that differences between benthic- and pelagic-caught M. diluviana were not a result of gut contents at the time of capture. Fixed partial migration behavior in M. diluviana in Lake Champlain indicates that DVM of M. diluviana may be more complex than previously thought. Additionally, partially migrating Mysis spp. may represent a model study organism to test hypotheses about the causes and consequences of partial DVM behavior in aquatic invertebrates.
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Quinlan, Patrick Duane. "The development of a novel integrated collector storage solar water heater (ICSSWH) using phase change materials and partial evacuation." Thesis, Ulster University, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.536464.

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The Integrated Collector Storage Solar Water Heater (ICSSWH) suffers significant ambient heat loss, especially during night-time and non-collection periods, due to its combined collection and storage function. A novel ICSSWH a Double Vessel Integrated Collector Storage (DVICS) comprised of two vertical concentric metal cylinders, with the resulting annulus filled with a Phase Change Material (PCM) and partial vacuum pressure, was designed to reduce thermal storage losses without compromising energy collection. The DVICS evolved through the development of 6 fabricated prototypes, including novel pockets and cowl configurations in the annulus, a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) thermal break between the inner and outer vessel, elongation of the pockets to increase heat transfer to the PCM, aluminium vessel construction, differing water return arrangements, solar collection improvements to the vessel geometry, optimised pocket locations and transparent covers with insulation. The different DVICS designs were studied experimentally using thermal simulation, solar simulation and outdoor conditions at two European locations. The highest instantaneous collection efficiency was 43% and the lowest thermal losses coefficient was 0.98 Wm-2K-1. The heat transfer mechanisms were modelled using thermal resistance networks and dimensionless analysis. In addition the practical, environmental and economic considerations are presented.
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Rydell, Eva, and Stina Edin. "Ett rökfritt sjukhus? : Diatermirök och rökevakueringssystem." Thesis, Röda Korsets Högskola, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:rkh:diva-654.

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Bakgrund: Vid de flesta kirurgiska ingrepp används diatermi. Diatermi används dels för att skära i vävnad, dels för att koagulera blodkärl, och en adekvat blodstillning är avgörande för en säkeroperation. Vid användning av diatermi utvecklas en skadlig rök, diatermirök. Trots att evidens finns för att diatermiröken innehåller skadliga ämnen som kan orsaka kroppsliga symptom, förekommer variation i användandet av rökevakueringssystem.   Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka i vilken utsträckning rökevakueringssystem, för diatermirök, används. Vi ämnade även undersöka om det förelåg några skillnader mellan avdelningarna samt mellan de två yrkeskategorierna; operatör och operationssjuksköterska.   Metod: Operationssjuksköterskor och operatörer från nio operationsavdelningar, vid fyra sjukhus i Stockholmsregionen undersöktes i en deskriptiv tvärsnittsundersökning, med kvantitativ ansats, med ett intervjustött frågeformulär. 114 personer intervjuades, 83 operationssköterskor och 31 operatörer.   Resultat: Resultatet visade att rökevakueringssystem användes vid de flesta operationer, dock ej vid samtliga. Användningsgraden skilde sig mellan operationsavdelningar. Operationssköterskor ansåg i större utsträckning än operatörer att diatermirök kunde vara skadlig samt var mindre nöjda med åtgärderna för rökevakuering. Samtliga avdelningar saknade riktlinjer, vilket strider mot SOSFS 2011:9.   Slutsats och klinisk betydelse: För att förekomma att rökevakueringssystem och annan skyddsutrustning ej används konsekvent bör riktlinjer och rutiner framtagas. Även utbildning bör ges, till operationspersonal, eftersom okunskap kan vara en bidragande faktor till att rökevakueringssystemen ej används konsekvent. Detta kan bidra till en ökad användning vilket i sin tur leder till en förbättrad operationsmiljö för såväl personalen som för patienten.
Background: In most surgical procedures electro cautery is used. Electro cautery is used both for surgical dissection and hemostasis, and adequate hemostasis is critical for a safe operation. When using the electro cautery, a noxious smoke is developed, surgical smoke. Although evidence shows that surgical smoke contains harmful substances that can cause physical symptoms, the usage of smoke evacuation system varies.   Aim: The aims with the present study were to investigate the extent to which smoke evacuation system, for surgical plum, was used.  We further aimed to study if there were any possible differences between the surgical departments and between the two occupational categories; theatre nurses and surgeons.   Method: Operation theatre nurses and surgeons from nine surgical departments at four hospitals in the Stockholm region were studied in a descriptive cross-sectional study, with quantitative approach, and an interview supported questionnaire.   Results: The results showed that smoke evacuation system was used at most but not all surgical procedures. The use of the smoke evacuation system differed between surgical departments. A larger proportion of the theatre nurses than of the surgeons believed surgical smoke to be harmful and were less satisfied with measures to eliminate them. No surgical department had guidelines for handling surgical smoke which is in violation of SOSFS 2011:9.   Conclusion and clinical implications: To prevent that smoke evacuation systems and other protective equipment is not used consistently, policies and procedures should be derived. Education should be provided to surgical personnel, this because ignorance could be a contributing factor to the inconsistent use of smoke evacuation systems. This may contribute to an increase in usage of the device which in turn leads to an improved environment in the theater room for both the personnel as well as for the patient.
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Lin, Chun-Chang, and 林俊昌. "Particle Swarm Simulation of Evacuation Mode in the Exiting Design." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15274825985587211531.

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碩士
國立中興大學
土木工程學系所
104
Fire hazards would be potential threats to the humankind’s life, existence and safety anytime. Once the fire happens, the house and precious properties would transform into ashes in a very short while, even the valuable lives would possibly be engulfed. Along with the social economy development and diversification, the category of building and the using style tend to be large-scale, composite, high-rise, and function-refined, and also pursing claims on comfortable room. We have to plans and take measures properly regarding those buildings sheltering numerous people to consider that once the fire happens, if the evacuation could be finished in a short time. Reviewing several sole fire hazard case in our country that at least ten people die, it ‘s nothing more that the citizens only know one exit when there was a fire in the building resulting in the smoke spreading to influence the safety of evacuation. As there are always differences between the consideration of building and current using situation. Besides to strengthen the fireproof and incombustibility of the building, and the fire safety equipment and evacuation device, if there is a fire, the people evacuation planning is also an importance. As the fire breaking out, a great amount of the people inside throng to the exit. If there is not any nice evacuation design, it would lead to prolong the escaping time, and thereby resulting in more casualties. Therefore, the legislation of relevant department in the Government all constantly claim and emphasize to publicize that any one of the room in the building must have more than two exits. The rule also stresses not to place articles nearby the emergency exits to be blocks, on the other hand, not to lock up against theft in order to avoid blocked when escaping from the breaking out fire. Especially, the fire occurring in public place is the easiest to be the focus of the public concern for the amount of people within this kind of place is numerous. Once a fire breaks out, there would be out of hand consequences. If there is only one exit in a place, and the fire is even breaking out, or is set fire, people might be blocked for the crowd jostle for escape. When the disaster takes place, the escaping behavior of the common masses always brings independence character of cluster effect. This style of behavior is to let others to make some important decisions, or to follow the masses action, especially to decide how to escape, the people of dependence will follow the masses actions. However, trained people have stronger opinions to find their own outlet, also they might spend more time finding the outlet for their strong opinion without referring others. The optimal algorithm of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) takes advantage of the concept of fish population in water or bird flock in sky. The group action can be remodeled by means of communication among individuals and by means of idea contribution to group. The prediction of the optimal solution can be gained by the assimilation of random combinations of individuals and by the optimal procedures of individual communication. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate the assimilation model of normal people’s behaviors during evacuation and escaping. Furthermore, the study also aims to explore the correlation between the number of emergency exits and the evacuation time.
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Chan, Chih-Yao, and 詹智堯. "Influence of Acceleration Coefficients of Particle Swarm Optimization on Evacuation Time." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65k9ae.

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碩士
國立中興大學
土木工程學系所
106
The purpose of this paper is to use the algorithm of particle swarm optimization to analyze the influence of adjusting acceleration coefficients and different numbers of people in public space on the evacuation time of personnel. According to the research, it is shown that: (1) The model analysis result of simulation 1 shows that the acceleration coefficients are greater than or equal to 0.3, the time change does not change significantly, and it is close to a horizontal line. There will be obvious impact of the evacuation time change between 0.12 and 0.3. Less than 0.12, it will greatly increase its evacuation time, and the time will change into a steep oblique line. It can be judged that the maximum effective value of the time variation of the model is about 0.12~0.3. (2) In the case of no obstacles in space, the low population density has a higher evacuation time than the middle-high population density when the acceleration coefficients are low, resulting in the average evacuation time of the low population density is higher than the middle-high population density in the interval of the specific acceleration coefficients. (3) In the case of obstacles, the average evacuation time of low population density is lower than that of medium and high population density, but the increase time is always higher than the middle and high population density.
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Kuo, Wei-Hung, and 郭威宏. "The Study of Exits Light Setting on Evacuation by Particle Swarm Optimization." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91387698235881116944.

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碩士
國立中興大學
土木工程學系所
105
The purpose of this study is to utilize particle swarm optimization approach for the analysis of evacuation time in public space. The effects of various number of exit lights and population density are considered. Using particle swarm optimization technique, the statistical quantities of evacuation time on various indoor conditions are obtained. It is shown that the evacuation time is decreased when the number of exit is increased. Also, the evacuation time is decreased when the number of exit lights is increased.
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Wang, Hong-Ru, and 王鴻儒. "The Study on Occupant Evacuation Time in Public Space by Particle Swarm Optimization." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41591814098928407882.

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碩士
國立中興大學
土木工程學系所
105
The purpose of this study is to utilize particle swarm optimization approach for the analysis of evacuation time in public space. The effects of various number of exits and sidewalks and population density are considered. Using Particle swarm optimization technique, the statistical quantities of evacuation time on various indoor conditions are obtained. It is shown that the evacuation time of those three-dimensional space cases is increasing about 1.5 times as well as compared to those of two-dimensional cases.
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Wang, Sin-Da, and 王信達. "The Study of Exit Characteristics and Indoor Planning on Evacuation by Particle Swarm Optimization." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/34668024920617801711.

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碩士
國立中興大學
土木工程學系所
105
The purpose of this study is to utilize particle swarm optimization approach for the analysis of the evacuation time, the effects of exit characteristics and indoor planning are considered. It is shown that, in general, the evacuation time is decreased when the exit width is increased. Also, the evacuation time is decreased when the number of exits is increased. To evaluate the evacuation time for indoor planning, three parallel rectangular obstacles are considered. Those obstacles are placed in different positions. It is shown that the more obstacles are closed to the exit, the more evacuation time is increased.
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Book chapters on the topic "Particle evacuation"

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Yusoff, Marina, Junaidah Ariffin, and Azlinah Mohamed. "A Multi-valued Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization for the Evacuation Vehicle Routing Problem." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 182–93. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21515-5_22.

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Yusoff, Marina, Junaidah Ariffin, and Azlinah Mohamed. "DPSO Based on Random Particle Priority Value and Decomposition Procedure as a Searching Strategy for the Evacuation Vehicle Routing Problem." In Neural Information Processing, 678–85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34487-9_82.

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DuLong, Jessica. "“It was like breathing dirt.”." In Saved at the Seawall, 71–85. Cornell University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501759123.003.0005.

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This chapter discusses how, in the instant the South Tower collapsed, the scale of the disaster had magnified, transforming the evacuation-in-progress into a full-blown rescue effort. The cloud rolling past the seawall blanketed the river's surface and blinded boat captains, forcing them to navigate by radar alone. But sometimes even the radar could not penetrate the particle-filled air. Nevertheless, ferry crews did not stop rescuing people: approximately 200 injured would end up transported aboard New York Waterway ferries by day's end. Despite the unprecedented scale of this disaster, mariners' “jack of all trades” capabilities proved essential in the aftermath of the attacks. Although the specific prerequisites have changed over time, attaining a Coast Guard “ticket” requires merchant mariners to complete training and earn certifications in first aid, CPR, and shipboard firefighting, among other specialized areas. On that morning, all that training was put to the test.
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Attia, Safa, Abdelhak Boubetra, and Manel Saad Saoud. "Development of an Emergency Response Management Using Mobile Devices for Hospital Infrastructures Affected by Power Grid Failures." In Emergency and Disaster Management, 347–70. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6195-8.ch016.

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In the case of a partial or general power blackout in a hospital infrastructure, the most important issue becomes how to secure at maximum the patients' lives, especially those who are depending on electrical systems. In this paper, a novel web mobile-based evacuation support system has been developed. The proposed solution is consolidated by the improvement of several parameters such as communication quality, prioritization, staffing management and coordination. To evaluate the performance of the proposed solution, real tests were conducted in a hospital. The results showed that the proposed evacuation support system, compared to the classical solutions, is more efficient in terms of the actions execution time reduction and the information quality improvement.
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Lin, Lana. "Reparative Objects in the Freudian Archives." In Freud's Jaw and Other Lost Objects. Fordham University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823277711.003.0005.

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This chapter returns to the Freudian narrative of loss, specifically to sites of his memorialization in the two Freud Museums. Forced into exile after living in Vienna for seventy-eight years, Freud escaped to London where most of his material objects followed him. The chapter examines the reconstruction of Freud’s Viennese study and consulting room at what is now the Freud Museum in Hampstead, London, where Freud died in the presence of his massive collection of antiquities. Whereas the Freud Museum, London, now houses all the “good” Freudian artifacts, objects that could be said to function reparatively, the museum that occupies Freud’s former residence in Vienna compensates for his expulsion and the evacuation of his prized possessions through a fetishizing and melancholic reliance upon photographs taken by Edmund Engelman prior to the objects’ displacement. The chapter interprets the Sigmund Freud Museum, Vienna, as a space of irremediable loss where Freud’s missing objects—his couch, books, and antiquities—take on the character of fantasied partial objects enlisted to perform the work of mourning.
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Savage, Philip, and Michael J. Seckl. "Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia." In Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes, 1298–305. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199235292.003.0918.

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Arising from the cells of conception, gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) forms a spectrum of disorders from the premalignant complete and partial hydatidiform moles through to the malignant invasive mole, choriocarcinoma and very rare placental site trophoblastic tumours (PSTT). The latter three conditions are also collectively known as gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) and, although uncommon, are important to recognize as this enables life-saving therapy to be commenced. About 10% of molar pregnancies fail to die out after uterine evacuation and transform into malignant GTN that require additional chemotherapy (1). These cases are usually recognized early and therefore rarely prove difficult to treat, with cure rates approaching 100% reported in most modern series (2). However, GTN can also develop after any type of pregnancy including miscarriages, term deliveries, and medical abortions. Such patients are often not suspected of having GTN and may present late with widespread disease associated with a wide variety of medical, surgical, and gynaecological problems (3). The prompt diagnosis and early effective treatment of these women is aided by an awareness and understanding of these rare, but highly curable malignancies and good team-working between physicians, gynaecologists, pathologists, and oncologists
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Conference papers on the topic "Particle evacuation"

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Yu, Tongtong, Jian Wang, and Zijun Zhao. "Evacuation Entropy Particle Swarms Optimization (E-PSO) Evacuation Model Considering Panic Factors." In 2018 IEEE 4th International Conference on Control Science and Systems Engineering (ICCSSE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccsse.2018.8724787.

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Aymaz, Seyma, Tugrul Cavdar, and Ayfer Donmez Cavdar. "Fire evacuation route determination based on particle swarm optimization." In 2017 International Artificial Intelligence and Data Processing Symposium (IDAP). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/idap.2017.8090169.

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Yusoff, Marina, Junaidah Ariffin, and Azlinah Mohamed. "An Improved Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization in Evacuation Planning." In 2009 International Conference of Soft Computing and Pattern Recognition. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/socpar.2009.22.

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Amitay, Michael, Shayne Kondor, Scott Herdic, and Steven L. Anderson. "Directed Particle-Laden Micro-Jet for Dental Caries Evacuation (Keynote Paper)." In ASME/JSME 2003 4th Joint Fluids Summer Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2003-45059.

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Active and passive approaches to control the velocity and concentration of a high speed round particle-laden jet are investigated experimentally using a stereo PIV system. Active control of the flow field and the particles’ velocity and concentration fields, via the addition of swirl to the carrier jet, has shown to have a significant effect in altering both phases. Control is also affected by placing passive pins at the jet exit plane, which results in alteration of the velocity in planes across and normal to the pins. Furthermore, the mixing is increased and the spreading rate is modified. Depending on the number of pins used and their azimuthal location, their interaction with the carrier jet flow lead to the modification of the cross-flow shape of the jet and the direction of the flow.
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Xue, Zhendan, and Christina Bloebaum. "A Particle Swarm Optimization Based Aircraft Evacuation Simulation Model - VacateAir." In 46th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2008-180.

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Yang, Jing-Long, and Dong-Zhi He. "An Evacuation Model Based on the Improved Particle Swarm Optimization." In 2017 International Conference on Network and Information Systems for Computers (ICNISC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icnisc.2017.00028.

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Trikoupis, Nikolaos, and Juan Casas. "Design and radiation tests on a LED based emergency evacuation directional lighting." In Topical Workshop on Electronics for Particle Physics. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.313.0092.

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Zong, Xinlu, and Yingli Jiang. "Pedestrian-vehicle mixed evacuation model based on multi-particle swarm optimization." In 2016 11th International Conference on Computer Science & Education (ICCSE). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccse.2016.7581643.

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Fanliang Bu and Jianghua Wan. "The application and research on particle swam optimization in emergency evacuation." In 2010 IEEE Youth Conference on Information, Computing and Telecommunications (YC-ICT). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ycict.2010.5713101.

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Kou, Jialiang, Shengwu Xiong, Hongbing Liu, and Xinlu Zong. "Particle swarm and NSGA-II based evacuation simulation and multi-objective optimization." In 2011 Seventh International Conference on Natural Computation (ICNC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icnc.2011.6022332.

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