Journal articles: 'Particle Design'

1

Knez, Zeljko, and Eckhard Weidner. "Particles formation and particle design using supercritical fluids." Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science 7, no. 4-5 (August 2003): 353–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cossms.2003.11.002.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Baktybekov, K. "PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION WITH INDIVIDUALLY BIASED PARTICLES FOR RELIABLE AND ROBUST MAXIMUM POWER POINT TRACKING UNDER PARTIAL SHADING CONDITIONS." Eurasian Physical Technical Journal 17, no. 2 (December 24, 2020): 128–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2020no2/128-137.

Full text

Abstract:

Efficient power control techniques are an integral part of photovoltaic system design. One of the means of managing power delivery is regulating the duty cycle of the DC to DC converter by various algorithms to operate only at points where power is maximum power point. Search has to be done as fast as possible to minimize power loss, especially under dynamically changing irradiance. The challenge of the task is the nonlinear behavior of the PV system under partial shading conditions. Depending on the size and structure of the photovoltaic panels, PSC creates an immense amount of possible P-V curves with numerous local maximums - requiring an intelligent algorithm for determining the optimal operating point. Existing benchmark maximum power point tracking algorithms cannot handle multiple peaks, and in this paper, we offer an adaptation of particle swarm optimization for the specific task.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Lin, Qi, and Lu Min Chen. "Particle Motion Simulation and Parameter Optimization Design in Drum Granulation." Key Engineering Materials 693 (May 2016): 174–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.693.174.

Full text

Abstract:

Drum granulators are widely used in powder granulation industry, and particles’ sphericity is one of the important indexes of drum granulation quality. To improve the particle sphericity, it is necessary to study the influence of particle size and shape on particles’ motion of both attitude and trajectory in the drum. This paper presents a mixed method of the discrete element simulation, orthogonal design experiment and mathematical statistics to investigate the influencing factors of particle orientation. The study found that there is a certain effect of particle shape, size and the speed of the drum on the particle orientation. According to the range analysis, it can be concluded that the effect of the three factors on the particle orientation is in the order of particle shape > particle size > the speed of the drum. Optimum combination was observed to be particle shape, size, and the speed of the drum are homogeneous ellipsoidal particles, 3 mm and 40 rpm, respectively. The study will facilitate to optimize the granulation process parameters.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Xu, Zhi Wei, K. W. Chan, and W. H. Liao. "An Empirical Method for Particle Damping Design." Shock and Vibration 11, no. 5-6 (2004): 647–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2004/936701.

Full text

Abstract:

Particle damping is an effective vibration suppression method. The purpose of this paper is to develop an empirical method for particle damping design based on extensive experiments on three structural objects – steel beam, bond arm and bond head stand. The relationships among several key parameters of structure/particles are obtained. Then the procedures with the use of particle damping are proposed to provide guidelines for practical applications. It is believed that the results presented in this paper would be helpful to effectively implement the particle damping for various structural systems for the purpose of vibration suppression.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Brunnhofer, Georg, Alexander Bergmann, Andreas Klug, and Martin Kraft. "Design and Validation of a Holographic Particle Counter." Sensors 19, no. 22 (November 9, 2019): 4899. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19224899.

Full text

Abstract:

An in-line holographic particle counter concept is presented and validated where multiple micrometer sized particles are detected in a three dimensional sampling volume, all at once. The proposed PIU is capable of detecting holograms of particles which sizes are in the lower μ m- range. The detection and counting principle is based on common image processing techniques using a customized HT with a result directly relating to the particle number concentration in the recorded sampling volume. The proposed counting unit is mounted ontop of a CNM for comparison with a commercial TSI-3775 CPC. The concept does not only allow for a precise in-situ determination of low particle number concentrations but also enables easy upscaling to higher particle densities (e.g., > 30 . 000 # c c m ) through its linear expandability and option of cascading. The impact of coincidence at higher particle densities is shown and two coincidence correction approaches are presented where, at last, its analogy to the coincidence correction methods used in state-of-the-art CPCs is identified.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Yang, Jun, Jing Yang, Qing He You, Ning Hu, Yong Li, Jie Chen, Ting Yu Li, Jing Xu, and Yi Cao. "Design and Performance of a Microfluidic Particle Sorting Device." Applied Mechanics and Materials 52-54 (March 2011): 668–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.52-54.668.

Full text

Abstract:

A microfluidic chip device was developed for rapid and automatic particle sorting. The chip was made up of six individual layers. Each layer was used to implement different functions such as the sample loading, electric voltage loading, optic detection, cell sorting, and product extraction. Sheath flow was used to form single-row cells in order to let cells flow through the optic detection zone one by one. Optic fiber based detector could distinguish particles with different sizes. When a particle flowed through the light beam between two opposite optic fibers, it induced the dispersion of the incident light. The size of the particle was related with the strength of the scattering light. Thus, different particles could be distinguished. In the detection method, light path was simple and label was not required. Furthermore, optic fiber based detector was helpful to decrease the volume of the whole system. When desired particle was detected, it would be separated in the downstream by using an electric deflection method. Two types of particles with different sizes were sorted by using a prototype device. The result showed that these particles could be obviously distinguished. This microfluidic system could also be used to sort biological cells. Instantaneous electric field on the cells could prevent cells from severe injuries.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Jiao, Rui Li, and Chao Li. "Cloud Particles Image Playback Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 568-570 (June 2014): 326–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.568-570.326.

Full text

Abstract:

Cloud particle image playback is the supporting software of cloud particle measurement system. It completes image playback and analysis, facilitates cloud and precipitation physics research. It has been implemented by JKI state machine and the queuing mechanism of LabVIEW, and includes three core functional modules, data decompression, 2D image data display and the number of particles statistics. The test pattern data and the real data testing results show that the design meets functional requirements completely.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Peng, Guili, Xianguo Tuo, Huailiang Li, and Rui Shi. "Advanced Direct Digital Synthesis Generator Design for Transuranic Nuclide Alpha Spectrometry Pulses." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (February 22, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6665362.

Full text

Abstract:

Alpha energy spectrum measurement has been employed in the nuclear waste disposal of transuranic nuclides (such as 239Pu and 241Am), supervision, and disposal process. The alpha spectrum is made up of alpha particles, which have a fast-moving helium nucleus and an energy of 4–8 MeV with weak penetration ability. Removing alpha particles from radioactive nuclides is an important scientific issue. In this study, a transuranic nuclide alpha particle pulse generator that produces simulated alpha particle pulses similar to real particles was designed. Field programmable gate array (FPGA) was adopted as its core chip and we obtained the digital pulse waveform using software tracing points while simulating real alpha particles by random numbers. Accordingly, the alpha energy spectrum of a radioactive source 241Am was obtained using a passivated ion-implanted planar silicon (PIPS) detector. Afterward, the alpha particle was extracted from the energy spectrum and was then compared to the alpha particle pulse of the two methods, deriving a result. Here, both groupings of particle pulse waveforms were found to be very similar, and the periodic error of the particle was observed to be less than 1%. Furthermore, the amplitude and time interval of the particle were apparently similar to the actual spectrometry pulse.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Beltramo, Peter J., Manish Gupta, Alexandra Alicke, Irma Liascukiene, Deniz Z. Gunes, Charles N. Baroud, and Jan Vermant. "Arresting dissolution by interfacial rheology design." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 39 (September 11, 2017): 10373–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1705181114.

Full text

Abstract:

A strategy to halt dissolution of particle-coated air bubbles in water based on interfacial rheology design is presented. Whereas previously a dense monolayer was believed to be required for such an “armored bubble” to resist dissolution, in fact engineering a 2D yield stress interface suffices to achieve such performance at submonolayer particle coverages. We use a suite of interfacial rheology techniques to characterize spherical and ellipsoidal particles at an air–water interface as a function of surface coverage. Bubbles with varying particle coverages are made and their resistance to dissolution evaluated using a microfluidic technique. Whereas a bare bubble only has a single pressure at which a given radius is stable, we find a range of pressures over which bubble dissolution is arrested for armored bubbles. The link between interfacial rheology and macroscopic dissolution of ∼ 100 μm bubbles coated with ∼ 1 μm particles is presented and discussed. The generic design rationale is confirmed by using nonspherical particles, which develop significant yield stress at even lower surface coverages. Hence, it can be applied to successfully inhibit Ostwald ripening in a multitude of foam and emulsion applications.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Zhou, Teng, Zhenyu Liu, Yihui Wu, Yongbo Deng, Yongshun Liu, and Geng Liu. "Hydrodynamic particle focusing design using fluid-particle interaction." Biomicrofluidics 7, no. 5 (September 2013): 054104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4821170.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Ibrahim, Siti Noorjannah, and Maan M. Alkaisi. "Microelectrode Design for Particle Trapping on Bioanalysis Platform." Advanced Materials Research 1115 (July 2015): 543–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1115.543.

Full text

Abstract:

Microelectrode geometry has significant influence on particles trapping techniques used on bioanalysis platforms. In this paper, the particle trapping patterns of dipole, quadrupole and octupole microelectrode using dielectrophoretic force (DEP) are discussed. The microelectrodes were constructed on a metal-insulator-metal platform, built on a silicon nitride (Si3N4) coated silicon substrate. The back contact is made from 20 nm nickel-chromium (NiCr) and 100 nm gold (Au) as the first layer. Then, SU-8-2005 (negative photoresist) is used on the second layer to create microcavities for trapping the particles. The third layer, where the three geometries were patterned, is made from 20 nm NiCr and 100 nm Au layers. Prior to fabrication, the particles trapping patterns of the microelectrodes were profiled using a finite element software, COMSOL 3.5a. Trapping patterns for the three geometries were evaluated using polystyrene latex microbeads. Results from the experiment validate simulation studies in term of microelectrode trapping ability up to single particle efficiency. It provides the potential of converting the trapping platform into a lab-on-chip system.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Du, Jie, and Chun Ting Ma. "Design on Falling Weight Impact Test Rig." Applied Mechanics and Materials 148-149 (December 2011): 388–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.148-149.388.

Full text

Abstract:

Based on Interaction energy of solid ball, the new particle damper is designed which can be used in a high temperature and high shock energy. To verify the design of the damper, a falling weight Impact test rig is designed, a sensor, data acquisition card and computer hardware constitutes a signal test system. Experimental results show that the particle diameter is the biggest impact for the role of the particle damper , the characteristics of the displacement curves are increased at first and then decreased, the opposite effect of the time. At the same time filled with particles and the degree of damping rod embedment also have an impact on energy consumption.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Bielefeldt, Brent R., Jacob D. Hochhalter, and Darren J. Hartl. "Shape memory alloy sensory particles for damage detection: Experiments, analysis, and design studies." Structural Health Monitoring 17, no. 4 (August 28, 2017): 777–814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475921717721194.

Full text

Abstract:

Developing novel techniques for monitoring structural integrity has become an important area of research in the aerospace community. One new technique exploits the stress-induced phase transformation behavior in shape memory alloy particles embedded in a structure. By monitoring changes in the mechanical and/or electromagnetic behavior of such particles, the formation or propagation of fatigue cracks in the vicinity of these particles can be detected. This work demonstrates sensory particle response to local structural damage using finite element modeling for the first time. Using an optimization method to minimize the difference between experimentally measured strain and simulated results, a good approximation of sensory particle properties can be determined and the strong sensory response of the transforming particle demonstrated. To illustrate an application of this method, a multi-scale finite element model of sensory particles embedded in the root rib of an aircraft wing is then considered. In particular, this unique model utilizes substructure modeling to maintain computational efficiency while relating globally applied loads to local structural response, allowing for the consideration of predicted particle response to crack propagation during wing loading. The effect of particle position relative to the crack tip on particle sensory response is assessed. Finally, this work demonstrates how sensory particles can be used to approximate the location of structural damage by interpolating a stress field based on the responses of multiple sensory particles in the vicinity of a propagating crack.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Shakweh, Monjed, and Elias Fattal. "Design and Characterisation of Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) Small Particulate Systems for the Delivery of Immunostimulant CpG Oligonucleotide." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 6, no. 9 (September 1, 2006): 2811–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2006.438.

Full text

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to develop and characterize biodegradable small particles of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) as oral vehicle for immunostimulatory oligonucleotide (ODN-CpG). Three different polymers were used as surface stabilizing agents (SSA): polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), hydrophobically modified hydroxyethylcellulose (HMHEC), or polyethylenimine (PEI). Particle surface was characterized as well as ODN-CpG release kinetics. All particles were found to be around 1 μ. Particles of PLGA-PVA and PLGA-HMHEC were spherical in shape with a smooth surface whereas PLGA-PEI particles were porous. The presence of ODN-CpG within the particle matrix was confirmed in all particle type using scanning laser confocal microscopy. Particle surface assayed by XPS, zeta potential analysis, and evaluation of particle surface hydrophobicity suggested that a significant amount of SSA remains associated onto particle surface. Release profiles evidenced that ODN-CpG release was strongly dependent on particle surface properties. 100% of encapsulated ODN-CpG was released from PLGA-PVA and PLGA-HMHEC particles 37 days after incubation in a buffer solution, whereas only 25% were released from PLGA-PEI particles. ODN-CpG can therefore be nicely entrapped in several types of small particles displaying a prolonged and controlled release upon time. In addition, particle surface is not modified by the presence of ODN-CpG.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Gunduz, Oguzhan, Zeeshan Ahmad, Eleanor Stride, Candan Tamerler, and Mohan Edirisinghe. "Bioinspired bubble design for particle generation." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 9, no. 67 (November 23, 2011): 389–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2011.0671.

Full text

Abstract:

In this study, we devise a method to generate homogeneous particles from a bubble suspension, with the capability to control loading and the structure of bubbles. Ideally, a process such as this would occur at the interface between daughter bubble formation (instant) and gaseous diffusion (gradual). Interestingly, the budding mechanism in micro-organisms is one that demonstrates features of the desired phenomena (although at a much slower rate), as viruses can eject and evolve structures from their membranes. With these natural concepts, a bubble's surface can also be made to serve as a platform for particle generation, which transfers significant elements from the initial bubble coating to the newly generated structures. Here, we illustrate this by preparing coated bubbles (approx. 150 µm in diameter) using a hydrophobic polymer, which may be comparable to naturally occurring bubble coatings (e.g. organic matter forming part of bubble coatings in the sea), and dye (which can demonstrate entrapment of smaller quantities of a desired moiety) and then observe particle generation (approx. 500 nm). The process, which may be driven by a polymerosome-forming mechanism, also illustrates how additional uniform sub-micrometre-scale structures may form from a bubble's surface, which may have also previously been attributed to gas diffusion. In addition, such methods of particle formation from a bubble structure, the incorporation of chemical or biological media via an in situ process and subsequent release technologies have several areas of interest across the broad scientific community.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Lee, Kyung-Won, Ic-Pyo Hong, Beom-Jun Park, Yeong-Chul Chung, and Jong-Gwan Yook. "Design of Multilayer Radome with Particle Swarm Optimization." Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science 21, no. 7 (July 31, 2010): 744–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2010.21.7.744.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Saxena, Akash, and Vikas Gupta. "A Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization Approach for Design Power System Stabilizer." International Journal of Engineering and Technology 2, no. 6 (2010): 524–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijet.2010.v2.175.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Sindhu, S., S. Jegadesan, R. Renu, and S. Valiyaveettil. "Design of Novel Nanocomposites through Interfacial Engineering." Journal of Metastable and Nanocrystalline Materials 23 (January 2005): 327–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jmnm.23.327.

Full text

Abstract:

Two classes of nanocomposites involving polymers and magnetic particles or silica were synthesized and characterized. Effect of polymer on the morphology of the composites and the matrix filler interactions were studied in detail. Different analytical tools were used to characterize these composites and show a core-shell structure for the novel nanocomposites reported in this paper. TEM studies on these composites gave particle size distribution in nanometer range. The morphology and size of the particle changed significantly with the polymer used.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Kalman, H., and D. Goder. "Design criteria for particle attrition." Advanced Powder Technology 9, no. 2 (1998): 153–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-8831(08)60584-1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Hill, Priscilla J., and Ka M. Ng. "Particle size distribution by design." Chemical Engineering Science 57, no. 12 (June 2002): 2125–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-2509(02)00106-9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Reverchon, E., and G. Della Porta. "Particle Design Using Supercritical Fluids." Chemical Engineering & Technology 26, no. 8 (August 6, 2003): 840–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ceat.200300005.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Tedesco, Bruna, Manoel Porfirio Cordão Neto, Alessandro Tarantino, and Márcio Farias. "Design of crushable particles in DEM based on single grain compression." E3S Web of Conferences 92 (2019): 14005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199214005.

Full text

Abstract:

Grain crushing controls the response in shear of granular materials and has an impact on the collapse mechanism of geo-structures. To simulate the effects of grain crushing on the macroscopic response, the Discrete Element Method (DEM) appears to be a viable option considering its proven capability of capturing key aspects of the response of granular materials. One of the approaches to simulate particle crushing via DEM consists in creating a particle by assembling smaller sub-particles ‘bonded’ together by adhesion forces. When the force at the contact between two sub-particles exceeds the adhesion, the bonding is broken irreversibly. A critical aspect in this approach is the characterization of i) the ‘random’ distribution of the adhesion between the sub-particles, and ii) the initial rotation angle of the particles being assembled initially. The tensile strength of a single grain, as measured experimentally by diametral compression between flat platens, typically follows the Weibull distribution. This is proposed to be the criterion to validate any probabilistic distribution selected for the adhesion and the initial rotation angle. The effect of a normal distribution of adhesion and initial rotation on compressive strength was investigated by compressing either a regular ‘cylindrical’ particle or an irregular particle. It is shown that a normal probabilistic distribution of both the adhesion and the rotation angle returns a Weibull distribution of the compressive strength. It is also shown that the rotation angle plays a very critical role and this should be taken into account when initially assembling the ‘crushable’ particles. The rotation angle relocates the contact points, which in turn control the stress at which the particle breaks.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Lagos-Sandoval, José Arturo, Jorge Eduardo Salazar-Zuñiga, and Edwing Oswaldo Berdugo-Romero. "Design and simulation of microfluidic device for the detection of HIV." Visión electrónica 1, no. 2 (August 13, 2018): 192–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.14483/22484728.18376.

Full text

Abstract:

This article presents a diagnostic device model, which by using chemical reagents and microfluidics that makes a sort of particle separation and was developed to diagnose an acquired viral immunodeficiency. The device allows to isolate leukocytes and apply a reagent that measures the presence or absence of this virus. The design on the other hand uses tools such as SolidWorks and Autodesk Simulation, which, with the rupture of the membranes and the separation of their components, allows the chemical reaction in the particles and the detection of the virus. Based on the choice of particle analysis and validating the performance of the fluid maintained in the filter stage, which is represented by 5 flow lines, it shows the movement of 5 particles with the same diameter. Additionally, three tests were performed that varied the diameter of the particles to 5 μm, 10 μm and a larger diameter particle (15 μm). The results show that, with a diameter of 5 μm, the particles move smoothly and the filter can reach the next stage. The particles of 10 μm in diameter presented a normal blood flow, however, an obstruction in the particles of 15 μm in diameter can be observed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Leu, T. S., H. Y. Chen, and F.-B. Hsiao. "Design and Simulation of Continuous Dielectrophoretic Flow Sorters." Journal of Mechanics 22, no. 2 (June 2006): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1727719100004391.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThis paper was an attempt to investigate, through numerical simulation, the designs of DEP flow sorters when applied with different ratios of the electrodes to generate different electrical fields, and to explore the sorting capability of the flow sorters, defined as the degree of particle deflection, under different operation of parameters.In order to obtain the maximal DEP negative particle deflection, which was believed as an indicator of greater sorting capability, we have investigated different non-uniform electrical fields produced by combinations of electrodes with different length of two poles, ranging from 1:2 up to 1:9. The finding of numerical simulation indicated that the length ratio 1:3 of the electrode poles produced the electrical fields that maximized the particle deflection.Moreover, different parameters of applied voltage, flow rate, particle diameters, and distance between two electrical poles were designed to investigate their effects on particle deflection of flow sorters. The numerical simulation of the study showed that the DEP flow sorter was demonstrated as a linear system with respect to the applied voltage and particle diameter. In this study, we tried to operationally define flow rate as the time duration while the flow passed the electrical fields, and thus investigated how particle deflect with the different time given. We found that the particle deflected more when the flow was allowed with longer time to pass the electrical fields. The study also showed that the distance the particles deflect from the centerline is in inverse proportion to the square distance between the two electrical poles.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Wang, Xian Qiang, Jin Shen, Wei Liu, and Xin Jun Zhu. "Design of Photon Counter in PCS Nano-Particle Size Analyzer." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 7198–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.7198.

Full text

Abstract:

In view of the extremely weak scattered light in PCS nano-particle size analyzer, a photon counter consisting of a PMT, amplifier, discriminator and pulse counter is designed. A double-counter structure is adopted in pulse counter in order to realize “glue” counter. The standard polystyrene particles are measured by using this counter, and the correlation of the collected photons was implemented. The experimental results show that the counter can reach the precision of PCS nano-particle size analyzer.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Nyengaard, Jens Randel. "Particle-number estimation with special emphasis on the disector and fractionator." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 51 (August 1, 1993): 478–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100148228.

Full text

Abstract:

This abstract deals with how to stereologically estimate the number of particles in sections without making any assumptions about the size or shape of the particles. The usual term for this kind of particle estimation is design-based because by designing the study adequately any size or shape-assumptions are avoided in contrast to the obsolete model-based stereological methods. Design-based sampling of particles is performed when all particles have the same chance of being sampled, i.e., sampling particles with uniform probability. This points to the importance of proper particle sampling in stereology. Further, it is important to know what the dimension is of the sampled object, e.g., particle volume has a dimension of 3, particle length has a dimension of 1 whereas particle number has a dimension of 0. Thus, in order to make designbased particle number estimation 3-dimensional information is needed because the geometric characteristic of the 0-dimensional number is cardinality.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Wu, B., J. Men, and J. Chen. "Improving the design of a pickup head for particle removal using computational fluid dynamics." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 225, no. 4 (April 2011): 939–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544062jmes2487.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this article is to optimize the design of a pickup head that removes particles from road surface. A validated computational fluid dynamics model was proposed to evaluate the particle removal performance of the designed pickup head with different inclination angles. The gas-particle flow through the pickup head was modelled using the EulerianLagrangian approach. The realizable k model and the discrete particle model were adopted to simulate gas flow field and solid particle trajectories, respectively. The results indicate that the inclination angle of the rear edge wall and the pressure drop across the pickup head have great impact on the particle removal performance. Both the particle overall removal efficiency and the grade efficiency increase with the increment of inclination angle, and higher pressure drop can pick up more particles from the road surface, but it would induce unnecessary energy consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to design a pickup head with high removal efficiency and low pressure drop. Through simulation, the optimal angle should be 135 for the range of the inclination angle in this study, and pressure drop is about 2400Pa. Furthermore, more information can be acquired for pickup head design.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Fan, Jin Wei, Qin Mei, and Xiao Feng Wang. "Robust PID Parameters Optimization Design Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization." Applied Mechanics and Materials 373-375 (August 2013): 1125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.373-375.1125.

Full text

Abstract:

The article, based on satisfying robustness of the system and put forward the objective function of time-domain performance and dynamic characteristics, introduced genetic operators into Particle Swarm Optimization. The algorithm improve the diversity of particles by selection and hybridization operations and strengthen the excellent characteristics of particles in the swarm by introducing crossover and mutation genes, which can avoid bog down into local optima and premature convergence and enhance searching efficiency. The simulation results indicate that when the algorithm is applied to the optimization of PID controller parameters of servo system of grinding wheel rack of MKS8332A CNC camshaft grinder, its performance is better than the single Genetic Algorithms or Particle Swarm Optimization, and it can also satisfy the demand of rapidity, stability and robustness.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Mulla, Nawaj I., and Vishal V. Dhende. "Design and Development of Particle Friction and Impact Damping for Spur Gear Drive." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 14, 2021): 649–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.34989.

Full text

Abstract:

Gear transmission system plays an important role in many of the mechanical systems. Vibration is the major problem and unavoidable in gear transmission system because high speed and heavy loading condition. High temperature and harsh working condition limits the other vibration absorption methods. Particle friction & impact damping is passive method of vibration absorption. Ordinary particle damping method gives the random movement of particles. In this research holes are provided to the gear and put cylindrical impact particles in particular hole gives the friction and impact effect to absorb the vibration. The mathematical analysis is formulated for the system also run MATLAB program and found out plot for displacement v/s time. DEM simulation carried out using EDEM software which is used to perform simulations at different speed and to analyze the energy dissipation during particle collisions and compared the energy absorbed by the particles of different materials for varying speed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Liu, Ziang, and Tatsushi Nishi. "Multipopulation Ensemble Particle Swarm Optimizer for Engineering Design Problems." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (November 11, 2020): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1450985.

Full text

Abstract:

Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is an efficient optimization algorithm and has been applied to solve various real-world problems. However, the performance of PSO on a specific problem highly depends on the velocity updating strategy. For a real-world engineering problem, the function landscapes are usually very complex and problem-specific knowledge is sometimes unavailable. To respond to this challenge, we propose a multipopulation ensemble particle swarm optimizer (MPEPSO). The proposed algorithm consists of three existing efficient and simple PSO searching strategies. The particles are divided into four subpopulations including three indicator subpopulations and one reward subpopulation. Particles in the three indicator subpopulations update their velocities by different strategies. During every learning period, the improved function values of the three strategies are recorded. At the end of a learning period, the reward subpopulation is allocated to the best-performed strategy. Therefore, the appropriate PSO searching strategy can have more computational expense. The performance of MPEPSO is evaluated by the CEC 2014 test suite and compared with six other efficient PSO variants. These results suggest that MPEPSO ranks the first among these algorithms. Moreover, MPEPSO is applied to solve four engineering design problems. The results show the advantages of MPEPSO. The MATLAB source codes of MPEPSO are available at https://github.com/zi-ang-liu/MPEPSO.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Jin, Gen, Zihao Zhao, Binbin Liu, Wenyuan Cun, Zhengda Zhao, Minli Hou, and Guo Chen. "Design of a particle damper and experimental study on vibration damping of the pipeline." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 13, no. 9 (September 2021): 168781402110449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16878140211044923.

Full text

Abstract:

In this work, we designed a particle damper which can be conveniently clamped on to a pipeline without affecting the existing structure, showing a promising application in vibration reduction of real aircraft. Based on the designed particle damper, the impact of particle filling rate on the vibration reduction effect, the effect of EDEM simulation on the energy consumption of particles in the vibration process of the damper, and the result of actual vibration reduction test of particle damper installed on hydraulic pipeline were investigated. It is found that the vibration of the pipeline decreases first and then increases with the increase of particle filling rate. The particle filling rate corresponding to the maximum particle energy consumption rate is consistent with that of the minimum pipeline vibration acceleration during the test, that is, from 94.9% to 97.9%. The simulation results are in good agreement with the test results. Moreover, the vibration of the hydraulic pipeline and actual aircraft pipeline are both obviously suppressed after the installation of the particle damper. These results fully demonstrate the effectiveness and practicability of the aircraft pipeline particle damper.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Alves, Robinson Antonio Aparecido, Julio Cesar Dos Santos, Kurt Strecker, Tulio Hallak Panzera, and Robson Bruno Dutra Pereira. "Steatite/Epoxy Composites for Restoration Works Through a Statistical Mixture Design Methodology." Journal of Building Material Science 1, no. 1 (January 14, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30564/jbms.v1i1.546.

Full text

Abstract:

Currently many works of art made of soapstone and recognized as cultural patrimony of humanity are in an advanced stage of degradation. Hence, it is necessary to interrupt this process and recover the deteriorated parts. Composite materials consisted of steatite particles and epoxy polymer are designed and characterised for their application in the repair of sculptures made of soapstone. The material applied in restorations should provide coloration and texture similar to soapstone besides structural requirements. The degree of similarity of the artificial material to the rock is enhanced by the proper selection of the particle size range and the increase of steatite incorporation in the composites. A statistical methodology based on the mixture design is used to optimize the relative amount of three particle size fractions of steatite particles in order to maximise the proportion of the dispersed phase in the composites. The maximum particle packing density (1.50 g/cm³) is obtained for a ternary mixture, composed of 62% of coarse particles (1.18 mm - 0.60 mm), 6% of medium sized particles (0.60 mm - 0.30 mm) and 32% of fine particles (0.30 mm - 0.15 mm). In this manner, the fabrication of composites based on an epoxy polymer matrix with 70wt% of incorporated steatite particles has been possible, increasing the maximum amount by 10% as used in previous works.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Florio, LA. "Numerical investigation of particle trapping in various groove configurations in straight and bent flow channels." SIMULATION 96, no. 8 (June 10, 2020): 679–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037549720922600.

Full text

Abstract:

A novel computational technique is applied to investigate particle trapping in straight and bent channel flow paths with various groove configurations in high-speed compressible, particle laden flow. The technique is valid for particle sizes of the same order of magnitude as the groove dimensions and where the particle–flow path, particle–particle, and particle–flow interactions play significant roles in determining the particle motion. The sacrificial grooves within the flow path can remove particles from the flow to reduce particle impact-induced wear. The feasibility of the trapping grooves and the conditions for which they are most beneficial can be gleaned from analysis of the model results. Three groove configurations are studied: a straight groove, a flared groove, and a 45 degree angle groove, for the same groove entrance size, groove depth, and spacing in a straight channel and a channel with a 90 degree bend. A transient maximum of 22% of the particles were trapped for the flared groove for the bent channel and a transient maximum of 15% of the particles for the straight channel configuration. The second groove of the bent channel produces the greatest single groove particle holding of 8.25% of all of the particles for the flared grove configuration. The contributions of the groove positioning, groove shape, gas flow, and particle interaction conditions to the trapping characteristics can be readily obtained from examination of the model results since the modeling technique includes detailed treatment of particle–flow path and flow interactions, allowing for the study of the mechanisms acting to trap the particles within the grooves.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Ning, Zhou, and Zhang Jing. "Study on Mechanical Design Optimization Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm." Open Mechanical Engineering Journal 9, no. 1 (October 7, 2015): 961–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874155x01509010961.

Full text

Abstract:

In view of local optimization in particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO algorithm), chaos theory was introduced to PSO algorithm in this paper. Plenty of populations were generated by using the ergodicity of chaotic motion. The uniformly distributed initial particles of the particle swarms were extracted from the populations according to the Euclidean distance between particles, so that the particles could uniformly distribute in the solution space. Local search was carried out on the optimal position of the particles during evolution, so as to improve the development capability of PSO algorithm and prevent its prematurity, thus enhancing its global optimizing capability. Then the improved PSO algorithm was applied to mechanical design optimization. With optimization design for two-stage gear reducer as the study object, objective function and constraint conditions were determined by building a mathematical model of optimization design, thus realizing optimization design. Simulation and comparison between the improved algorithm and unimproved algorithm show that improved PSO algorithm can optimize the optimization results of PSO algorithm at a faster convergence rate.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Mae, Kazuhiro. "Strict Design of Particle by Microreactor." Journal of the Society of Powder Technology, Japan 48, no. 10 (2011): 708–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4164/sptj.48.708.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Machida, S. "Design and particle tracking of FFAG." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 503, no. 1-2 (May 2003): 322–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9002(03)00707-1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Schmitt, T., J. N. Koster, and H. Hamacher. "Particle design for displacement tracking velocimetry." Measurement Science and Technology 6, no. 6 (June 1, 1995): 682–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/6/6/007.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

KAWAGUCHI, Seigou. "Polymer Particle Design Using Macromonomer Method." Journal of The Adhesion Society of Japan 41, no. 11 (2005): 443–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.11618/adhesion.41.443.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Šimandl, Miroslav, and Ondřej Straka. "Sampling density design for particle filters." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 36, no. 16 (September 2003): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)34758-4.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Wang, Jin, James D. Byrne, Mary E. Napier, and Joseph M. DeSimone. "More Effective Nanomedicines through Particle Design." Small 7, no. 14 (June 22, 2011): 1919–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.201100442.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Brient, Jean-Claude. "Particle Flow Algorithm and calorimeter design." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 160 (April 1, 2009): 012025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/160/1/012025.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Nagata, Kazunori, Hirokazu Okamoto, and Kazumi Danjo. "Naproxen Particle Design Using Porous Starch." Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy 27, no. 4 (January 2001): 287–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/ddc-100103728.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Qian, Xin Jie, Gui Xiang Hu, Qiu Lin Fu, and Bo Yang. "Computer Control Software Design Model Based on Improved PID Algorithm." Applied Mechanics and Materials 716-717 (December 2014): 1671–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.716-717.1671.

Full text

Abstract:

The optimal design for computer control software is studied. Since computer control software is susceptible to interference during the control process, a computer control software design model based on improved PID algorithm is proposed. The PID algorithm is combined with particle swarm algorithm to calculate PID control parameters, which is viewed as evolutionary particles of the particle population, and given a certain flight speed in the search space, the speed of the particles will be adjusted iteratively and dynamically in accordance with the experience of population’s evolution calculation, in order to achieve computer control software design. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm applied for computer control software design, can improve the control precision and meet the actual needs of computer control.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Afshar, M. H. "Rebirthing particle swarm optimization algorithm: application to storm water network design." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 35, no. 10 (October 2008): 1120–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l08-056.

Full text

Abstract:

Stochastic search methods, such as the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, are primarily directed by two main features — exploration and exploitation. Exploration is the ability of the algorithm to broadly search through the solution space for new quality solutions, whereas exploitation is responsible for refining the search in the neighborhood of the good solutions found previously. Proper balance between these features is sought, to obtain good performance of these algorithms. An explorative mechanism is introduced in this paper to improve the performance of the PSO algorithm. The method is based on introducing artificial exploration into the algorithm by randomly repositioning the particles approaching stationary status. A velocity measure is used to distinguish between flying and stationary particles. This can be sought as a sudden death followed by a rebirth of these particles. Two options are tested for the rebirthing mechanism, which are (i) clearing and (ii) keeping the memory of rebirthing particles. The global best particle is exempted from rebirthing process so that the most useful of the swarm’s past experiences is not lost. The method is applied to a benchmark storm water network design problem and the results are presented and compared with those of the original algorithm and other methods. The proposed method, though simple, is shown to be very effective in avoiding local optima, leading to an improved version of the algorithm at no extra computational effort.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Edzwald, James K. "Principles and applications of dissolved air flotation." Water Science and Technology 31, no. 3-4 (February 1, 1995): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0512.

Full text

Abstract:

Principles of dissolved air flotation (DAF) discussed include: bubble formation and size, bubble-particle interactions, measures of supplied air, and modeling of the reaction and clarification zones of the flotation tank. Favorable flotation conditions for bubble attachment or adhesion to particles requires a reduction in the charge of particles and production of hydrophobic particles or hydrophobic spots on particle surfaces. A conceptual model for the bubble-particle reaction zone based on the single collector collision efficiency is summarized and discussed. An alternative modeling approach is considered. Clarification or separation zone modeling is based on particle-bubble agglomerate rise velocities. The application of DAF in drinking water treatment is addressed beginning with summaries of design and operating parameters for several countries. DAF should not be considered as a separate process, but integrated into the design and operation of the overall treatment plant. This concept shows that flocculation ahead of DAF has different requirements regarding floc size and strength compared to sedimentation. The efficiency of DAF in removing particles and reducing particle loads to filters needs to be integrated into DAF plant design. The impact on filtration performance is illustrated. Finally, fundamental and applied research needs are addressed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Prochaska, Adam B., Paul M. Santi, and Jerry D. Higgins. "Relationships between size and velocity for particles within debris flows." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 45, no. 12 (December 2008): 1778–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t08-088.

Full text

Abstract:

Estimation of the impact forces from boulders within a debris flow is important for the design of structural mitigation elements. Boulder impact force equations are most sensitive to the inputs of particle size and particle velocity. Current guidelines recommend that a design boulder should have a size equal to the depth of flow and a velocity equal to that of the flow. This study used video analysis software to investigate the velocities of different sized particles within debris flows. Particle velocity generally decreased with increasing particle size, but the rate of decrease was found to be dependent on the abilities of particles to rearrange within debris flows.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Sudduth, Richard D. "Practical Limits for Two Fundamental Approaches to Designing Particle Size Distributions to Address a Specific Physical Property like Viscosity." Polymers 13, no. 18 (September 9, 2021): 3047. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13183047.

Full text

Abstract:

It has previously been shown that optimum particle size distributions with a maximum packing fraction can be achieved from a straight line plot of the accumulated sum of particle volume fractions versus the square root of particle size. This study addresses practical limits for two dominant fundamental approaches to designing particle size distributions to address the effect on a specific physical property such as viscosity. The two fundamental approaches to obtain such a straight line would include: the first design approach would be generated utilizing the same initial particle size, Dmin, but by using different ultimate particle sizes, Dmax. The second design approach would be generated where each distribution starts with the same initial particle size, Dmin, and ends with the same ultimate particle size, Dmax. The first design approach is particularly useful to identify the possible slopes available based on the smallest and largest particle sizes available. The second design approach can be utilized to identify the preferred ratio between particles, Z, and the number of different particle sizes, n, to be utilized in the final particle blend. The extensive empirical experimental evaluations of particle size distributions generated by McGeary were then utilized to confirm the limits.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Yao, Wenting, and Yongjun Ding. "Smart City Landscape Design Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm." Complexity 2020 (December 1, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6693411.

Full text

Abstract:

Aiming at the shortcomings of standard particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms that easily fall into local optimum, this paper proposes an optimization algorithm (LTQPSO) that improves quantum behavioral particle swarms. Aiming at the problem of premature convergence of the particle swarm algorithm, the evolution speed of individual particles and the population dispersion are used to dynamically adjust the inertia weights to make them adaptive and controllable, thereby avoiding premature convergence. At the same time, the natural selection method is introduced into the traditional position update formula to maintain the diversity of the population, strengthen the global search ability of the LTQPSO algorithm, and accelerate the convergence speed of the algorithm. The improved LTQPSO algorithm is applied to landscape trail path planning, and the research results prove the effectiveness and feasibility of the algorithm.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Fitzpatrick, J. J. "Particle Properties and the Design of Solid Food Particle Processing Operations." Food and Bioproducts Processing 85, no. 4 (December 2007): 308–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1205/fbp07056.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Bryant, Mathew J., Ian Rosbottom, Ian J. Bruno, Robert Docherty, Colin M. Edge, Robert B. Hammond, Robert Peeling, Jonathan Pickering, Kevin J. Roberts, and Andrew G. P. Maloney. "“Particle Informatics”: Advancing Our Understanding of Particle Properties through Digital Design." Crystal Growth & Design 19, no. 9 (August 8, 2019): 5258–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.9b00654.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Particle Design'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles