Relevant bibliographies by topics / Particle charging

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Particle charging'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 17 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Particle charging"

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EKİN, Orçun. "A NUMERICAL ANALYSIS ON THE SUBMICRON- AND MICRON-SIZED PARTICLE SEDIMENTATION IN A WIRE-TO-PLATE ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR." Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 27, no. 1 (2024): 78–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17780/ksujes.1354863.

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Electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) are frequently utilized in collecting fine organic and inorganic materials from continuous liquid with few moving parts and high efficiency using electrically charging the particles. In this study, cross-sectional 2D geometry of a wire-to-plate electrostatic precipitator the parametric data of which originally published elsewhere was numerically modeled and validated to investigate submicron-micron particle charging in terms of diffusion and field charging mechanisms and precipitation behavior of particles with detailed electric field properties. Electric field, gas flow, and particle trajectory equations are coupled and solved in a multiphysics solver. Particle tracking is realized with the Lagrangian approach. Results indicate variations in electric field strength and space charge density between corona electrodes, with space charge present in the entire precipitation channel. Between two different charging mechanisms, diffusion charging prevails for charge accumulated on submicron particles, whereas field charging becomes dominant for particles larger than 1μm diameter. However, for the ESP configuration considered in this study, particles reach a charge saturation in less than 0.7 seconds, regardless of their size. Although calculated precipitation efficiencies for micron-sized particles can reach to 100%, efficiencies for submicron particle range drop with increasing particle size, as diffusion charging rapidly loses its effectiveness, in 50-250nm range.
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Vishnyakov, V. I., S. A. Kiro, M. V. Oprya, and A. A. Ennan. "Theory of unipolar charging of particles in dust-ion plasmas." Physics of Aerodisperse Systems, no. 52 (March 15, 2015): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/0367-1631.2015.52.159786.

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The theoretical model for description of the unipolar charging of aerosol particles in the dust-ion plasma is proposed. The dependencies of particle charging on the charging time, ion number density, particle sizes and number density are analyzed.
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Fang, Guofeng, Liang Chen, Weidong Shi, Changyou Xie, and Kaichuang Zhang. "Experimental study on DC corona charging characteristics of powder particles with different properties." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2541, no. 1 (2023): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2541/1/012012.

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Abstract In this paper, the charging characteristics of powder particles with different properties under DC discharge corona conditions were studied experimentally. The influence of different charging voltages and different charging structures on the charge-mass ratio of particles was analyzed through ELPI measurement. The experimental results show that the far-field charging structure of the electrode can effectively charge powder materials like Graphite micro powder, copper sulfide, talcum powder, and porous material (Si Al) within the particle size range of 0.1 μm−10 μm; When there is no streamer or spark between the charging electrode and the grounding electrode of the charging device, the higher the charging voltage is, the higher the degree of air ionization is, and the better the charging effect on particles is; Under the same charge condition, the charge-mass ratio of particles decreases with the increase of particle size.
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Huang, He, Xiao Zhang, Xue Xiao, and Song Ye. "Influence of negative corona discharge on the Zeta potential of diesel particles." Science Progress 103, no. 3 (2020): 003685042094616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0036850420946164.

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Electrical agglomeration as a pretreatment means can reduce the exhaust particle number concentration of diesel engine. The charge of particle is an important factor affecting the coagulation process. Therefore, an experiment was carried out to study the charging characteristic of diesel particles. Zeta potential for diesel particle was used to represent the charged state and the charge of particles could be calculated according to the value of Zeta potential. Influences of various factors on the charge of particle were investigated by changing the charged voltage, internal temperature of charging zone, and the load of engine. Experimental results show that the increase of charged voltage can improve the charge and the absolute value of diesel particles. With increase of charging zone temperature, corona inception voltage declines and the charge of particle increases. The load of engine has a positive effect on the charge of particles which reaches its peak at full load.
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Cao, Huiying, Baichao An, Yong Wang, Kun Zhou, and Naiyan Lu. "Investigation of Surfactant AOT Mediated Charging of PS Particles Dispersed in Aqueous Solutions." Coatings 9, no. 8 (2019): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9080471.

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Nano/submicron particles can be activated by surfactants and aggregate at the air-water interface to generate and stabilize foams. Such systems have been applied extensively in the food, medicine, and cosmetic industries. Studying particle charging behavior in a particle/surfactant/water system is a fundamental way to understand the activation of the particle surface. This paper presents an investigation of the charging behavior of polystyrene (PS) particles dispersed in aqueous solutions of the surfactant sodium di-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate (AOT). The results showed that zeta potential of PS was related to the AOT concentration with two different concentration regions. Below the critical micelle concentration (CMC), the charging of PS particles was effected by AOT ions; while above the CMC, it came from both AOT ions and AOT micelles. This behavior was different from that observed for PS in aqueous salt solutions. Additionally, the particle concentration and size were found to affect the zeta potential differently in the two AOT concentration regions. By analyzing these results, the charging mechanism of the PS/AOT/water system was revealed to be preferential adsorption. In summary, the study disclosed the internal connection between the PS charging in aqueous AOT solution and the activation of PS particles, as well as their influence to foam formation and stability.
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Luo, Mei, Guanyi Wang, Aleksandar S. Mijailovic, et al. "How Graphite Particle Sizes Affect Fast Charging Performance of Ultra-Thin Layer Electrodes for Li- Ion Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 2 (2023): 504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-012504mtgabs.

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Extreme fast charging (XFC, ≤15 min) of lithium-ion batteries is highly desirable to accelerate mass market adoption of electric vehicles.[1] However, great capacity fading, as well as safety issues due to the lithium plating, limit its implementation. In this study, we investigated the fast-charging capability of graphite materials with various particle sizes under different charging currents up to 6C. To eliminate Li+ ion gradients effects across the thickness of electrode[2], ultra-thin layer graphite electrodes were developed to investigate the “real" fast-charging capability of graphite at particle level by assessing its lithium plating limit. Observations derived from the electrochemical results as well as microscopy characterization revealed that smaller particles exhibited a superior fast-charging performance including better capacity reversibility, less polarization and less lithium plating. Moreover, smaller particles are observed to be able to handle higher C rate charging without Li plating, graphite electrodes with particle size of ~5μm can be safely charged to 80% SOC at 4C. While with particle size of ~15 μm, Li plating occurred on the graphite electrode at 2C. According to pseudo-2-dimensional (P2D) model, the superiority of the small particles might be due to the faster diffusion and intercalation through the particle because of their smaller size and faster rate kinetics due to their larger surface area. This work can help us to better understand the fast-charging behavior and provide the guidance to design the optimum electrode architecture for high-rate of lithium-ion batteries. Keywords: Ultra-thin electrode, Graphite Electrode, Particle Size, Fast Charging, Li-Ion Batteries [1] D. Howell et al., “Enabling Fast Charging: A Technology Gap Assessment,” 2017. [2] K. P. C. Yao, J. S. Okasinski, K. Kalaga, I. A. Shkrob, and D. P. Abraham, “Quantifying lithium concentration gradients in the graphite electrode of Li-ion cells using operando energy dispersive X-ray diffraction,” Energy Environ Sci, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 656–665, Feb. 2019, doi: 10.1039/C8EE02373E.
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Min, Jinhong, and Yiyang Li. "Cracks in Polycrystalline Li(NiMnCo)O2 Particles Enable Rapid Discharging of Li-Ion Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-01, no. 2 (2024): 491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-012491mtgabs.

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The degradation of capacity in Li-ion batteries during charging and discharging cycles has been a persistent challenge in advancing battery lifetime. Among the commonly accepted causes of capacity degradation is the formation of cracking along the grain boundaries of polycrystalline NMC particles. These cracks are known to occur from the anisotropic expansion and contraction of the crystal lattice induced by the (de)intercalation of lithium. To address this issue, single crystalline NMC particles were introduced, lacking grain boundaries and seemingly less prone to developing cracks. batteries utilizing single crystalline particles exhibited improved capacity retention. However, in terms of rapid charging and discharging, these single particle batteries experienced a sudden increase in overpotential compared to polycrystalline particle batteries. Yet, a clear explanation for this abrupt rise in overpotential during rapid charging and discharging in single crystalline particle batteries has remained elusive. In this study, we investigated the rate-capability of individual single and polycrystalline NMC particles using an innovative high-throughput single-particle electrochemistry platform. Based on our rate-capability findings, we argue that the cracks, previously identified as a factor contributing to capacity degradation, are actually a crucial element enabling rapid charging and discharging in polycrystalline particles.
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Jantač, S., та H. Grosshans. "Influence of the Reynolds number from Reτ = 150 to 210 on size-dependent bipolar charging". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2702, № 1 (2024): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2702/1/012027.

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Abstract We recently found wall-bounded turbulence to suppress and control bipolar triboelectric charging of particles of identical material. This control is due to fluid modifying the motion of light particles. Thus, the particles’ charge distribution depends on their Stokes number distribution. More specifically, fluid forces narrow the bandwidth of the charge distribution, and bipolar charging reduces dramatically. Consequently, not the smallest but mid-sized particles collect the most negative charge. However, the influence of the Reynolds number or particle concentration on bipolar charging of polydisperse particles is unknown. This paper presents the charging simulations of same-material particles the in different wall-bounded flows. In a comprehensive study, we vary the Reynolds number from Reτ = 150 to 210 and the particle number density from 4 × 109m-3 to 1 × 1010m-3 to further explore the influence of the carrier flow on bipolar charging. We model charge transfer based on the balance of transferable charge species. Such species can represent adsorbed ions transferred during collisions or free electrons captured into a lower energy state on the other surface. The turbulent flow is modeled via Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) and is coupled to the particulate phase modeled via the Discrete Element Method (DEM). Overall, our multiphysics approach couples the fluid dynamics, electric field, triboelectric charging, and particle momentum into one complex simulation.
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Grosshans, Holger, and Miltiadis V. Papalexandris. "Direct numerical simulation of triboelectric charging in particle-laden turbulent channel flows." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 818 (April 5, 2017): 465–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.157.

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The electrification of particles embedded in a turbulent flow may cause hazards such as spark discharges but is also exploited in several industrial applications. Nonetheless, due to its complexity and sensitivity to the initial conditions, the process of build-up of particle charge is currently not well understood. In order to gain a deeper understanding of this phenomenon, we performed fully resolved numerical simulations of particle charging. More specifically, our study concerned the charging process of particles dispersed in a turbulent channel flow at a friction Reynolds number of $Re_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}}=180$. Emphasis was placed on the analysis of the interplay between the different physical mechanisms underlying particle electrification, such as fluid turbulence, particle dynamics and particle collisions. Further, we investigated the influence of some important physical parameters. According to our simulations the charge build-up depends strongly on the particle Stokes number, $Stk$. In particular, at small Stokes numbers, $Stk=0.2$, the turbopheretic drift inhibits particle charging. By contrast, at moderate Stokes numbers, $Stk=2$, and low particle number densities, the electric charge builds up but cannot escape the viscous sublayer due to limited particle migration. However, in the case of high particle number densities, the charge is transported away from the wall via inter-particle charge diffusion. A further increase to $Stk=20$ leads to strong charging and particle-bound charge transport towards the bulk of the channel.
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Landauer, Johann, and Petra Foerst. "Influence of Particle Charge and Size Distribution on Triboelectric Separation—New Evidence Revealed by In Situ Particle Size Measurements." Processes 7, no. 6 (2019): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7060381.

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Triboelectric charging is a potentially suitable tool for separating fine dry powders, but the charging process is not yet completely understood. Although physical descriptions of triboelectric charging have been proposed, these proposals generally assume the standard conditions of particles and surfaces without considering dispersity. To better understand the influence of particle charge on particle size distribution, we determined the in situ particle size in a protein–starch mixture injected into a separation chamber. The particle size distribution of the mixture was determined near the electrodes at different distances from the separation chamber inlet. The particle size decreased along both electrodes, indicating a higher protein than starch content near the electrodes. Moreover, the height distribution of the powder deposition and protein content along the electrodes were determined in further experiments, and the minimum charge of a particle that ensures its separation in a given region of the separation chamber was determined in a computational fluid dynamics simulation. According to the results, the charge on the particles is distributed and apparently independent of particle size.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Particle charging"

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Hangsubcharoen, Monpilai. "A Study of Triboelectrification for Coal , Quartz and Pyrite." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27447.

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The separation efficiency of a triboelectrostatic separation (TES) for fine coal cleaning depends profoundly on the surface charges of the particles involved. In general, the larger the difference between the charges of the particle to be separated, the higher the separation efficiency. The premise that coal and mineral matter can be triboelectrically charged differently serves as a basis for the TES process. In order to improve the separation performance, it is apparent that a highly efficient charger is needed for the TES unit, as well as the information on the triboelectrification mechanisms of the coal and mineral matter. Tribo- or contact electrification is a phenomenon in which electrical charge is usually transferred form one material to another, when two dissimilar materials are brought into rubbing or contact. In the present work, the triboelectrification mechanisms of coal, quartz, and pyrite were investigated in an in-line static mixer charger. A new in-situ charge-measuring device has been developed, in which an in-line mixer charger is located in side a Faraday cage. This makes it possible to observe the charging mechanisms of the particles when they pass through the mixer. This device was used to study the tribocharging mechanisms of coal, quartz, and pyrite as functions of the air velocity, particle feed rate, particle size, temperature, ash content, and the work functions of the materials that make up the in-line mixer. Evidence suggests that the charge transfer mechanisms of coal and mineral matter be due to electrons. A new turbocharger designed and developed in the present study has been tested and used to investigate the triboelectrification mechanisms of coal and quartz. The charge measurements were conducted using a developed on-line charge-measuring device, which is based on the principle of the Faraday cage. The tribocharging mechanisms of coal and quartz were investigated as functions of the particle feed rate, particle size, rotor-blade rotation speed, ash content, and the type of the materials used to construct the turbocharger. The information on the charging mechanisms of the coal and quartz will be useful for improving the triboelectrification process and subsequently the design of a TES unit.<br>Ph. D.
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Brown, Douglas 1955. "Theoretical study of particle charging and entrapment in a cylindrical ion beam." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277287.

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A particle within an ion beam is subjected to positive and negative currents. These currents deposit a net charge on the particle which interacts with the potential of the beam. A model is presented which describes this charging, the time required to attain an arbitrary charge, and the resulting coulomb force. Confinement by the beam is investigated through comparison of the electric force to the opposing force of gravity. To quantify this comparison, a normalized force is defined which, when negative, predicts those spatial regions where particle entrapment can occur. Utilizing a specially written VAX-Fortran program, the behavior of this force was characterized as a function of beam parameters. Regions were predicted in which particle confinement can arise and it was found that the magnitude of the trapping force varied significantly with those parameters that affect the beam-ion density. Moreover, calculations of the charging time revealed that the time to attain the minimum trapping charge was sufficiently short so as not to preclude entrapment.
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Daryanani, Roshan D. "Potential distribution around dust particles in plasmas." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337811.

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Wang, Pu. "Immersed Finite Element Particle-In-Cell Modeling of Surface Charging in Rarefied Plasmas." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37368.

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Surface charging is a fundamental interaction process in space plasma engineering. A three-dimensional Immersed Finite Element Particle-In-Cell (IFE-PIC) method is developed to model surface charging involving complex boundary conditions. This method extends the previous IFE-PIC algorithm to explicitly include charge deposition on a dielectric surface for charging calculations. Three simulation studies are carried out using the new algorithm to model current collection and charging in both the orbital motion limited (OML) and space charge limited regime. The first one is a full particle simulation of the charging process of single small sphere and clusters of multiple small spheres in plasma. We find that while single sphere charging agrees well with the predictions of the OML theory, the charging of a sphere in a cluster is significantly, indicating that the often used OML charging model is not an accurate one to model charging in dusty plasma. The second one concerns a secondary electron emission experiment. The simulation includes detailed experimental setup in a vacuum chamber and the results are compared against experimental data. The simulation is used to determine the facility error in experiments. The third one is a full particle simulation of charging on lunar surface. The simulation concerns both flat and non-flat surface, and spacecraft on lunar surface, in the lunar polar region. The surface sees a mesothermal solar wind plasma flow and the emission of photoelectrons and secondary electrons. At a small sun elevation angle, the surface landscape generates a complex plasma flow field and local differential charging on surface. The results will be useful for further study of charging and levitation of lunar dust.<br>Ph. D.
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Forward, Keith Mitchell. "Triboelectrification of Granular Materials." Cleveland, Ohio : Case Western Reserve University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1238090974.

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Barrie, Alexander. "Modeling Differential Charging of Composite Spacecraft Bodies Using the Coliseum Framework." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34743.

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The COLISEUM framework is a tool designed for electric propulsion plume interactions. Virginia Tech has been developing a module for COLISEUM called DRACO, a particle-in-cell based code capable of plume modeling for geometrically complex spacecraft. This work integrates a charging module into DRACO. Charge is collected via particle impingement on the spacecraft surface and converted to potential. Charge can be stored in the surface, or added to a local ground potential. Current can flow through the surface and is governed by the internal electric field in the spacecraft. <p>Several test cases were run to demonstrate the code's capabilities. The first was a plume impingement of a composite spherical probe by a xenon thruster. It was shown that the majority of current conducted will reach the interior of the spacecraft, not other surface elements. A conductive interior will therefore result in a uniform surface potential, even for low surface conductivities. A second test case showed a composite spacecraft exposed to a solar wind. This test showed that when a potential gradient is applied to a conductive body, the ground potential of the spacecraft will lower significantly to compensate and maintain a zero net current. The case that used the semiconductive material showed that the effect of the potential gradient can be lowered in cases such as this, where some charge will always be stuck in the surface. If a dielectric material is used, the gradient will disappear altogether. The final test case showed the effect of charge exchange ion backflow on the potential of a spacecraft similar to the DAWN spacecraft. This case showed that CEX ion distribution is not even along the spacecraft and will result in a transverse potential gradient along the panel.<br>Master of Science
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Jeong, Hyunju. "Kinetic Simulations of Spacecraft Charging and Plasma Interactions in the Solar Wind." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30237.

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Analytical and numerical studies are carried out to investigate spacecraft charging and plasma interactions in the solar wind. The physics of spacecraft charging in solar wind is determined by the mesothermal flow and the photoelectron sheath. In order to properly resolve both plasma flow and the photoelectron sheath, a 3-D full particle PIC model is applied. In this model, all plasma species (ambient ions and electrons, and photoelectrons) are modeled as macro-particles so the detailed dynamics of each species can be resolved around a charged spacecraft. In order to correctly resolve the mesothermal velocity ratio, PIC simulations are carried out using the real ion to electron mass ratio. A charging model based on the capacitance matrix method is integrated into the PIC model so the floating potential can be calculated self-consistently with the PIC code from charges deposited on the surface. We first investigate the photoelectron sheath in the solar wind. Previous analytical studies of monotonic and non-monotonic sheath profiles in stationary electrons have suggested that there can exist two solutions of the sheath profiles when photoelectron emissions are significant. We extend the previous analytical approach to include the effects of drifting electrons. Full particle PIC simulations suggest that the non-monotonic sheath profile is the stable solution under solar wind conditions. We found that the current balance calculation is not an accurate method to predict the floating potential when photoelectron emissions are significant. We next apply the simulation model to study spacecraft charging under various solar wind conditions. Due to photoelectron emissions, spacecraft charging is typically not a serious problem. The floating potential is ~2.5V under the mean solar wind condition. We also investigate the plasma interactions of a multi-body system consisting of a large platform and a small free flyer in the absence of photoelectron emissions where we set a free flyer at 2*Debye length behind the platform in the wake. For the particular system studied in this dissertation, the simulation shows that wake charging is not severe under both the mean solar wind condition and severe magnetosheath charging condition.<br>Ph. D.
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Liu, Qiaoling. "Ultrafine particle generation and measurement." VCU Scholars Compass, 2015. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3971.

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Ultrafine particles (UFPs) with diameters smaller than 100 nm are omnipresent in ambient air. They are important sources for fine particles produced through the agglomeration and/or vapor condensation. With their unique properties, UFPs have also been manufactured for industrial applications. But, from the toxicological and health perspective, ultrafine particles with high surface-to-volume ratios often have high bio-availability and toxicity. Many recent epidemiologic studies have evidence UFPs are highly relevant to human health and disease. In order to better investigate UFPs, better instrumentation and measurement techniques for UFPs are thus in need. The overall objective of this dissertation is to advance out current knowledge on UFPs generation and measurement. Accordingly, it has two major parts: (1) ultrafine particle generation for laboratory aerosol research via electrospray (ES), and (2) ultrafine particle measurement for ambient aerosol monitor and personal exposure study via the development of a cost-effective and compact electrical mobility particle sizer. In the first part, to provide monodisperse nanoparticles, a new single capillary electrospray with a soft X-ray photoionizer as a charge reduction scheme has been developed. The soft X-ray effects on electrospray operation, particle size distribution and particle charge reduction were evaluated. To generate ultrafine particles with sufficient mass concentration for exposure/toxicity study, a TSE twin-head electrospray (THES) was evaluated, as well. The configuration and operational variables of the studied THES has been optimized. Three different nanoparticle suspensions were sprayed to investigate material difference. In the second part, to develop a miniature electrical mobility based ultrafine particle sizer (mini e-UPS), a new mini-plate aerosol charger and a new mini-plate differential mobility analyzer (DMA) have been developed. The performances of mini-plate charger and mini-plate DMA were carefully evaluated for ultrafine particles, including intrinsic/extrinsic charging, extrinsic charge distribution, DMA sizing accuracy and DMA transfer function. A prototype mini e-UPS was then assembled and tested by laboratory generated aerosol. Also a constrained least square method was applied to recover the particle size distribution from the current measured by a mini Faraday Cage aerosol electrometer.
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Salyer, Zachary M. "Identification of Optimal Fast Charging Control based on Battery State of Health." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587037951166857.

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Hoshi, Kento. "Study on Active Spacecraft Charging Model and its Application to Space Propulsion Systeｍ". Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/232002.

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Books on the topic "Particle charging"

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Koga, J. K. PIC code modeling of spacecraft charging potential during electron beam injection into a background of neutral gas and plasma. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1989.

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Electrostatic particle charging: Industrial and health care applications. Research Studies Press, 1997.

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Kazama, Shingo. Search for Charginos Nearly Mass-Degenerate with the Lightest Neutralino: Based on a Disappearing-Track Signature in pp Collisions at √s = 8 TeV. Springer, 2016.

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Kazama, Shingo. Search for Charginos Nearly Mass-Degenerate with the Lightest Neutralino: Based on a Disappearing-Track Signature in pp Collisions at √s = 8 TeV. Shingo Kazama, 2015.

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Kazama, Shingo. Search for Charginos Nearly Mass-Degenerate with the Lightest Neutralino: Based on a Disappearing-Track Signature in Pp Collisions at √s = 8 TeV. Springer, 2015.

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Book chapters on the topic "Particle charging"

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Gu, Zhaolin, and Wei Wei. "Charging Ways and Basic Theories of Particle Electrification." In Electrification of Particulates in Industrial and Natural Multiphase flows. Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3026-0_5.

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Chen, Ding, Min Zhou, Yutong Cui, Weijun Mao, Dawei Zhu, and Ying Wang. "Location of Electric Vehicle Charging Station Based on Particle Swarm Optimization." In The 2021 International Conference on Machine Learning and Big Data Analytics for IoT Security and Privacy. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89511-2_127.

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Smiai, Oussama, Francesco Bellotti, Riccardo Berta, and Alessandro De Gloria. "Exploring Particle Swarm Optimization to Build a Dynamic Charging Electric Vehicle Routing Algorithm." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93082-4_17.

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Qiu, Jiayong, Yusong Xu, Jianliang Zhang, and Dianchun Ju. "DEM Simulation of Particle Flow in a Parallel-Hopper Bell-Less Blast Furnace Charging Model." In Springer Proceedings in Physics. Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1926-5_68.

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Ooishi, T., M. Yoshimura, H. Hama, H. Fujii, and K. Nakanishi. "Charging Mechanisms of a Conducting Particle on Dielectric Coated Electrode at AC and DC Electric Fields." In Gaseous Dielectrics VII. Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1295-4_113.

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Zhenghui, Zhang, Huang Qingxiu, Huang Chun, Yuan Xiuguang, and Dewei Zhang. "The Layout Optimization of Charging Stations for Electric Vehicles Based on the Chaos Particle Swarm Algorithm." In Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45643-9_60.

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Ahmad, Nizam, Hideyuki Usui, and Yohei Miyake. "Particle in Cell Simulation to Study the Charging and Evolution of Wake Structure of LEO Spacecraft." In Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2853-4_20.

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Hou, Yunhai, and Qian Zhang. "Research on Energy Management Optimization of Virtual Power Plant Charging Pile Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-6934-6_7.

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Singh, Dhiraj Kumar, and Aashish Kumar Bohre. "Planning and Monitoring of EV Fast-Charging Stations Including DG in Distribution System Using Particle Swarm Optimization." In Studies in Big Data. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4412-9_16.

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Li, Junyu, and Mengfan Liang. "Maximum Power Point Tracking Method for Vehicle Online Extended Range Charging System Based on Particle Swarm Optimization." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-1868-2_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Particle charging"

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Yan, Chunwang, and Chunheng Yan. "Charging station layout analysis based on improved particle swarm algorithm." In 2024 4th International Conference on Energy, Power and Electrical Engineering (EPEE). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/epee63731.2024.10875166.

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Zheng, Qipeng, Feng Li, Wenxuan Ji, and Wei Quan. "Research on Charging Station Site Selection Based on Immune Particle Swarm Algorithm." In 2024 6th International Conference on Communications, Information System and Computer Engineering (CISCE). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cisce62493.2024.10653128.

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Wang, Yunfeng, Xinzhang Wu, and Zhuangzhuang Li. "Optimization of Charging Station Location Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm." In 2025 International Conference on Digital Analysis and Processing, Intelligent Computation (DAPIC). IEEE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/dapic66097.2025.00014.

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Beckers, Job, Rik Peelen, Marald Wouters, Jakub Grecner, and Paul Blom. "Particle (de-)charging in low pressure afterglow plasma for contamination control: a comparative study between conducting and non-conducting particles." In Metrology, Inspection, and Process Control XXXIX, edited by Matthew J. Sendelbach and Nivea G. Schuch. SPIE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3056258.

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Li, Jianlin, Jingyue Kang, Yaxin Li, and Yajuan Guo. "Grid-Connected Optical Storage Charging Station Capacity Allocation Method Based on Particle Swarm Algorithm." In 2024 8th International Conference on Power Energy Systems and Applications (ICoPESA). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icopesa61191.2024.10743694.

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Gan, Yue, Lichun Tian, Min Zheng, and Nan Ye. "Research on Pricing Method of Electric Vehicle Charging Pile Optimization Based on Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm." In 2025 International Conference on Electrical Automation and Artificial Intelligence (ICEAAI). IEEE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/iceaai64185.2025.10956999.

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Ao, Zhi, Chixin Xiao, Maoxin He, and Zhipeng Lei. "Particle Swarm Optimization Based Scheduling Approach for Charging Electric Vehicle Population Addressing Factors Both Traffic and Power Grid." In 2024 The 9th International Conference on Power and Renewable Energy (ICPRE). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/icpre62586.2024.10768625.

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van Huijstee, Judith, Boy van Minderhout, Robert M. H. Rompelberg, Paul Blom, Ton Peijnenburg, and Job Beckers. "Plasma assisted particle contamination control: plasma charging dependence on particle morphology." In Metrology, Inspection, and Process Control for Semiconductor Manufacturing XXXV, edited by Ofer Adan and John C. Robinson. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2584607.

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Imba, Masayuki, Toshiko Kanazawa, Junichi Ida, Hideo Yamamoto, Mojtaba Ghadiri, and Tatsuhsi Matsuyama. "Tribo-electric charging particle in a shaker." In POWDERS AND GRAINS 2013: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Micromechanics of Granular Media. AIP, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4811874.

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Li, Xingwei, and Yong Yang. "Experimental study on the Charging of Particle." In 2020 IEEE 1st China International Youth Conference on Electrical Engineering (CIYCEE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ciycee49808.2020.9332678.

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Reports on the topic "Particle charging"

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Parkins. L51806 Effects of Hydrogen on Low-pH Stress Corrosion Crack Growth. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010142.

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There is circumstantial evidence of hydrogen playing a role in, so called, low pH SCC of pipeline steel, but direct evidence for such is lacking. Resolution of this situation is of practical importance because of its implications for modeling. Thus, existing models for high pH SCC of pipelines are based upon a dissolution controlled mechanism of crack growth, but such models will not be applicable to low pH SCC if hydrogen is involved with the latter. Measurements have been made of the permeation of hydrogen into X52 and X60 pipeline steels at various potetials while exposed to a simulated ground water containing different amounts of carbon dioxide, related to the conditions thought to be associated with transgranular stress corrosion cracking of pipelines. As a consequence of these measurements it is now known unequivocally that hydrogen enters the steel for all such solutions over wide ranges of potential, including those most likely involved in the cracking of pipelines, and with such entry enhanced as the amount of carbon dioxide present in the solution increased. For a given set of environmental conditions, it was found that films on the surface of the pipe, such as may exist in service conditions, could hinder, but not prevent, the ingress of hydrogen. Hydrogen in steel is usually regarded as being trapped at dislocations, grain boundaries or interfaces between the matrix and second phase particles and measurements relating to such indicate that the X60 steel contains appreciably fewer traps than the X52 steel for equivalent charging conditions. However, the trapped hydrogen was found to have no significant influence on the ductility of the steels when subsequently tested in air, although the ductility was impaired by thxe continued ingress of hydrogen when equivalent tests were conducted in the presence of the charging solution. No convincing evidence has been obtained for the ingress of hydrogen into the steels facilitating the early stages of plasticity under exposure conditions relating to those involved in low pH stress corrossion cracking. The most probable mechanism of stress corrosion crack growth in pipeline steel in the solutions studied and at potentials likely to obtain in service involves both dissolution and hydrogen ingress to the steel, although the interactions of those two factors in the fracture process remain speculative.
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Queiroz, Cesar, Andrés Uribe, and Dennis Blumenfeld. Mechanisms for Financing Roads: A Review of International Practice. Inter-American Development Bank, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009351.

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In the last two decades there has been an increased contribution of the private sector, through some form of public-private partnership (PPP), to finance transport infrastructure in general, and roads in particular, in both the developed and developing worlds. Such contribution has helped several countries to maintain, rehabilitate and expand their road networks, including the construction of new motorways, bridges and tunnels. Some governments have increased the public contribution to potential PPP road projects to make them attractive to private investors. Such support may take the form of grants (or subsidies) to project construction, as well as availabilitypayments and operational grants or minimum revenue guarantees during the operational phase of the PPP project. Nevertheless, there are projects that will not be able to attract private financing and will have to be financed with only public funds. The main objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the most commonly used means to charge road users to generate financial resources for supporting PPP projects or to finance totally public projects. Such charges include inter alia fuel taxes, vehicle taxes, vignettes, and tolls. A brief survey of road user charging systems in selected European countries is presented. Consideration is given to different forms of PPP, including a review of potential application of the World Bank Toolkit for PPP in Roads and Highways as an instrument to help decision-makers and practitioners to define the best PPP approach for a specific country. Developing and transition economies can also take advantage of guarantees offered by international financial institutions, an example of which is the World Bank's partial risk guarantees that can increase a project's attractiveness to private investors through lower interest rates and longer maturities of loans.
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