Dissertations / Theses: 'Participatory Processe'

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Borsub, Jatesada. "Hardened Registration Process for Participatory Sensing." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-247886.

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Participatory sensing systems need to gather information from a largenumber of participants. However, the openness of the system is a doubleedgedsword: by allowing practically any user to join, the system can beabused by an attacker who introduces a large number of virtual devices.This work proposes a hardened registration process for participatory sensingto raise the bar: registrations are screened through a number of defensivemeasures, towards rejecting spurious registrations that do not correspondto actual devices. This deprives an adversary from a relatively easytake-over and, at the same time, allows a flexible and open registrationprocess. The defensive measures are incorporated in the participatorysensing application.
Deltagande avkännings system behöver samlas från ett stort antal aktörer.Systems öppenhet är dock en dubbelsidigt värd: Genom att låta alla praktiskaanvändare deltagit, kan system utnyttja en av angripare som introducera ett stortantal virtuella enheter. I det här arbetet föreslå en härda registreringsprocess fördeltagare att identifiera höjning av ribban: registrering screenas genom ett antaldefensiva åtgärders, för att avvisa falska registreringar som inte motsvara aktuellaenheter. Detta berövar en motståndare från en relativt lätt övertagande och gersamtidigt en flexibel och öppen registreringsprocess. De defensiva åtgärdernainförlivas i deltagande avkännings applikation.

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McMichael, William Andrew. "Participatory inclusion in the refugee resettlement process." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/358.

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This study explores the disconnection that exists between refugee policy developers and those whom they intend to benefit by bringing the voices of refugees and their supporters into community discussions on policies and practices that directly affect the refugee resettlement experience. The purpose of their involvement was to help ensure that resettlement activities were relevant to their needs. In an effort to make the findings as generalizable as possible, the researcher applied techniques of Participatory Action Research (Carr & Kemmis, 1986) within a Grounded Theory (Glaser & Strauss, 1967) methodological framework. Community consultations involving a total of 86 refugees, refugee claimants and their supporters in three cities were conducted during the period that Canada was responding to post-9/11 concerns for national security with its first implementation of the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act. Findings from those consultations were triangulated with data from interviews with 29 service providers, government officials and individual refugees, as well as documentary evidence from scholarly research, government publications and mass media sources. Implications for further policy development were then developed from that process. Findings from the research suggest that the potential for unexpected policy outcomes can be reduced if culturally sensitive community consultations, in the preferred language of the community, are incorporated in policy development and implementation processes. These findings can contribute to building local community capacities to increase the effectiveness of resettlement activities and improving their sustainability by inviting those who have the most to benefit take ownership of them.

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Korts-Laur, Anni. "Deliberative dimensions in participatory democracy : the case of the participatory budgeting process in Tartu, Estonia." Master's thesis, FEUC, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/33225.

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Dissertação de mestrado em Roads to Democracy(ies) - Democracia e Governação, apresentada à Faculdade de Economia da Universidade de Coimbra, sob a orientação de Sílvia Ferreira.
Desde o final dos anos 80, quando o orçamento participativo foi inventado em Porto Alegre, o número de governos locais que adotaram o procedimento continua em crescimento. Paralelamente tem-se verificado uma afirmação progressiva da democracia deliberativa, a qual possui tensões conceptuais e normativas com o modelo da democracia participativa, da qual o orçamento participativo é um instrumento de sucesso. É importante adaptar a qualidade deliberativa dos processos participativos com vista a revitalizar potencial democrático do orçamento participativo. Nesta perspetiva, o objetivo desta dissertação de mestrado é identificar que elementos da democracia deliberativa estão presentes no modelo de orçamento participativo em Tartu, na Estónia. Esta dissertação começará por descrever os conceitos de democracia participativa e deliberativa, prosseguindo com uma descrição sobre o surgimento do orçamento participativo e fornecendo uma visão geral das tipologias existentes na Europa. Avança-se, depois, para a abordagem analítica e metodológica deste estudo e, finalmente, antes de analisar os dados empíricos, é apresentado o contexto da democracia na Estónia e o caso do orçamento participativo em Tartu. O estudo de caso centrou-se no processo de orçamento participativo na Cidade de Tartu, Estónia, no ano de 2015. A recolha de dados empíricos no terreno verificou-se em julho de 2016. O estudo incluiu análise documental e entrevistas a eleitores, autores ou proponentes de uma ideia para o orçamento participativo e ao gestor de projeto esta iniciativa da autarquia da Cidade de Tartu. Este estudo mostra que o orçamento participativo é um instrumento da democracia participativa e que, além disso, que detém elementos de democracia deliberativa, tais como: o debate, dado que o processo de orçamento participativo instou alguns dos eleitores a debater as propostas tanto em espaços formais como informais; o poder educativo foi evidenciado não só através da participação, mas também dos próprios debates; a existência de procedimentos para o debate formal através da facilitação de um moderador; o sentimento de empoderamento resultante da perceção de que as pessoas podem ter uma palavra a dizer, usarem o seu poder, e mesmo a ideia de que a participação inspira as pessoas a serem mais ativas como cidadãs. Os resultados apoiam, até certo ponto, a tese de que o modelo de orçamento participativo em Tartu reforça a capacitação da comunidade e dos cidadãos. Tal acontece quer em virtude da prática dos autores de ideias de divulgação dos seus projetos, quer em virtude da familiarização dos eleitores com os projetos, os quais podem instruí-los relativamente às questões no seu bairro e na cidade em geral.

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Cretney, Alison, Steven Cretney, and Tracy Meisterheim. "Integrating Participatory Processes in Planning for Strategic Sustainable Development." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-4223.

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This thesis examines how dialogue-based methodologies can be integrated into a participatory planning process for strategic sustainable development. Evidence of the complex nature of the sustainability challenge is cited as necessitating tools and methodologies suited for dealing with complexity. The methodologies in this study were designed to use dialogue to address complex problems in which outcomes are unpredictable. Within the sustainability practitioner community, we identified a need for research on systematic guidance for pairing engagement processes with use of the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development (FSSD). This research focuses on how a specific set of dialogue-based methodologies within the Art of Hosting network can be integrated with the FSSD to strengthen the linkage between content and process. As the culmination of our research, we have developed The Weave: Participatory Process Design Guide for Strategic Sustainable Development (www.theweave.info). It includes a Template for process design, suggestions and examples for use, and guiding principles. It is the first prototype of participatory process design guidance to be offered for pilot testing in the field of strategic sustainable development.

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Brown, Julia Catherine. "Participatory Processes and Outcomes of South Africa's Water Reforms." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.509050.

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Choi, Junho. "Flood Risk Governance Process for Participatory Disaster Risk Reducation." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/188868.

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Cohn, Libbie Dina. "Designing economic democracy Boston Ujima Project's participatory allocation process." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/113805.

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Thesis: M.C.P., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, 2017.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 107-109).
This client-based thesis analyzes Participatory Budgeting processes in two cities to help guide the institutional design of Boston Ujima Project's participatory allocation process. Grassroots-led organization Boston Ujima Project is developing a democratically-governed Capital Fund by integrating community participation in deliberation and decision-making at various stages of the investment process. Broadly speaking, the three democratic dimensions of the Fund are those that ensure meaningful participation by low-income communities of color most impacted by the investments, safeguard accountability to those communities, and integrate relevant forms of expertise, including residents' expertise, throughout the decision-making process. Drawing from case studies of Participatory Budgeting in Porto Alegre and New York City, this paper provides conceptual frameworks and recommendations for the institutional design of Ujima's participatory allocation process.
by Libbie D. Cohn.
M.C.P.

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Lowe, Steven Michael. "Participatory design for battlefield park development and process comparison." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06112009-063257/.

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Goelz, Taylor Dawn. "Human Dimensions of a Participatory, Collaborative Modeling Process - Oysterfutures." W&M ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1563898628.

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Participatory, collaborative modeling processes represent a unique decision-making technique within natural resources management that allows for the combination of stakeholder involvement with the analytical and predictive power of scientific models. The continued use of participatory modeling within decision-making processes depends in part upon the willingness of stakeholders to participate. Continued participation of stakeholders is key to the persistence and overall success of these processes, and yet limited information exists concerning the impacts of these processes on participants. The consideration of human dimensions advances our understanding of the design and function of participatory modeling processes, including their ability to create consensus outcomes, their capacity to integrate natural and social sciences, and their capability to advance sustainable natural resources policy and management. Within this thesis, I analyzed stakeholders’ advice and communication social networks and their attitudes towards scientific models to better understand the impact of these participatory modeling processes on participants. I found that the development of group cohesion was more heterogeneous than previously thought. While there was a significant increase in advice ties between OysterFutures members, silos of advice within stakeholder groups remained. There was also a high level of between-stakeholder group advice ties that existed prior to the OysterFutures process. This history between stakeholders and stakeholder groups is also thought to have impacted the development of advice ties. Lastly, the transition of the advice network structure over time supports arguments in the literature that suggest that different network structures are necessary at certain time points during participatory processes. Stakeholder group silos also persisted within the communication network. These silos are thought to have helped stakeholder groups develop their own attitude towards scientific models based on their unique “way of knowing”. As a result, attitudes towards models were significantly different between stakeholder groups. This strength of stakeholder group impact on attitudes likely limited overall changes in attitudes towards models over the course of OysterFutures. The importance of considering social network structure of participatory modeling processes was demonstrated through results that certain brokering network positions significantly impacted attitudes towards models. Methods to facilitate more between group communications during participatory modeling processes could help mitigate the strong impact of stakeholder group membership on attitudes. Overall, results for attitudes towards models support the idea that models are acting as “boundary objects” that help facilitate discussion during these processes.

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Bozzi, Alberica Domitilla. "People for green infrastructure : Exploring participatory initiatives in Paris." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-286254.

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Since the early 2000s, the city of Paris has launched several greening initiatives with the scope of, among many, strengthening its green infrastructure (henceforth, GI). With the support of the municipality, citizens actively participate in this transformation, for instance by reactivating and managing former wasteland sites, making the streets blossom, covering walls and roofs with plants and creating new micro-ecosystems. But what is their impact? Citizens engaged in selected participatory initiatives along the local GI have been questioned and interviewed to find out more about their projects. Citizens - either alone, in small groups, organised in local associations, start-ups or companies - act for different reasons and do not always know the concept of GI. Questionnaire respondents value their project first of all because it improves their living environment, but also because it facilitates reconnecting with nature and promotes biodiversity. However, their actions are not coordinated as to effectively reinforce GI. In other words, people’s projects spread everywhere and not particularly where they are most needed. Through the revision of local planning and policy documents, as well as interviews with key actors, this work also highlights contradictions between definition, strategies, maps and meanings of the GI in Paris. Some recommendations are provided to expand the ecological and public GI of today into a veritable multifunctional GI through multidisciplinary and participatory approaches.
Sedan början av 2000-talet har staden Paris startat flera grönskande initiativ med syfte attbland annat återinföra naturen i staden och stärka dess gröna infrastruktur (GI). Med kommunens stöd deltar medborgarna aktivt i denna omvandling, till exempel genom att återaktivera och gemensamt sköta tidigare ödemarker, få gatorna att blomma, täcka väggar och tak med växter och skapa nya mikroekosystem. Men vad är deras inverkan? Medborgare som deltar i utvalda deltagande initiativ längs den lokala GI har utfrågats och intervjuats för att ta reda på mer om sina projekt. Medborgare - antingen ensamma, i små grupper, organiserade i lokala föreningar, nystartade företag eller företag - agerar av olika skäl och känner inte alltid till begreppet grön infrastruktur. De som svarar på frågeformuläret värderar först sitt projekt eftersom det förbättrar deras livsmiljö, men också för att det underlättar återanslutning med naturen och främjar biologisk mångfald. Men deras handlingar samordnas inte för att effektivt stärka GI, eller delar av det. Med andra ord, människor som grönar projekt sprids överallt och inte särskilt där de behövs mest. Genom översynen av lokala planerings- och policydokument, samt intervjuer med nyckelaktörer, belyser detta arbete också motsägelser mellan GI-definition, strategier, kartor och betydelser. Vissa rekommendationer tillhandahålls för att utöka dagens ekologiska och offentliga GI till en verifierbar multifunktionell GI genom multidisciplinära och deltagande strategier.
Depuis le début des années 2000, la ville de Paris a lancé plusieurs initiatives de végétalisation pour réintroduire la nature dans la ville et renforcer ses trames vertes et bleues (TVB). Avec le soutien de la municipalité, les citoyens participent activement à cette transformation, par exemple en réactivant et en gérant d’anciennes friches, en faisant fleurir les rues, en recouvrant les murs et les toits de végétaux et en créant de nouveaux microécosystèmes. Mais quel est leur impact ? Les citoyens engagés dans des initiatives participatives sélectionnées le long de la TVB locale ont été interrogés et interviewés pour en savoir plus sur leurs projets. Les citoyens - seuls, en petits groupes, organisés en associations locales, start-up ou entreprises - agissent pour des raisons différentes et ne connaissent pas toujours le concept de TVB. Les répondants au questionnaire valorisent d’abord leur projet parce qu’il améliore leur cadre de vie, mais aussi parce qu’il facilite la reconnexion avec la nature et favorise la biodiversité. Cependant, leurs actions ne sont pas coordonnées pour renforcer efficacement les TVB. En d’autres termes, les projets de végétalisation des citoyens se répandent partout et pas particulièrement là où ils sont les plus nécessaires. À travers l’analyse des documents de planification locaux, ainsi que des entretiens avec des acteurs clés, ce travail met également en évidence les contradictions entre la définition, les stratégies, les cartes et les significations des TVB. Quelques recommandations sont formulées pour faire de la TVB écologique et publique d’aujourd’hui une véritable TVB multifonctionnelle à travers des approches multidisciplinaires et participatives.

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MacCallum, Susan Diana. "When experts disagree: discourse dynamics in participatory planning." Thesis, Curtin University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1496.

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The once dominant view of planning as the discovery of an objective 'public good' has been challenged over the last several decades. Radical uncertainty, social diversity, technological change and popular mistrust of traditional government underlie growing calls for more open and flexible governance processes. In order to reclaim some public legitimacy for their actions, governments and public agencies have responded by creating spaces for stakeholder input to policy making.This thesis is concerned with the often uneasy interaction between stakeholders and bureaucracies in these evolving spaces. Specifically, it focuses on one model of participation that has become fairly standard in Australian planning - the delegation of bureaucratic decisions to 'community-based' committees. The enquiry described in the thesis is grounded in case studies of two such committees, both charged with developing strategic responses to land use conflicts in regional (non-metropolitan) Australia.The analysis proceeds from an institutionalist perspective, treating participatory processes not only as fora to resolve divergent opinions and values, but also as encounters between different 'cultural' frameworks, which continue to be actively constructed throughout. From this perspective, it examines the tensions arising within the case studies between cultural practices - especially between bureaucratic and other ways of working - and the discursive means through which such tensions are, or are not, resolved. It also asks whether these means might represent a form of institutional capacity building.To these ends, the enquiry employs a combination of ethnographic, sociological and linguistic methods in an approach that can broadly be called 'critical discourse analysis'. In particular, it focuses on spoken and written texts - meetings, minutes and planning reports - treating these as the realisation of institutional discourses, with potential to reproduce and/or to reconstruct established values, relations and practices.There are three main findings. First, a traditional bureaucratic rationalism continues to permeate the performance of participatory planning, in constant tension with alternative practices brought to processes by 'stakeholder' participants, which can lead to persistent miscommunication. Second, in spite of this tension, participants can find ways of working together, reaching agreement and making progress even without first resolving underlying differences. Third, committees' newly constructed 'ways of working' represent a very uneven form of institutional capacity building - they are highly context-sensitive and create their own tensions between the needs of the moment and the overall aims of the planning process. As such, they do not translate comfortably to general norms or repertoires for acting; moreover, they may not be reified in such a way as to allow their 'travel' to other planning or governance arenas.

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Pollastri, Serena. "Visual conversations on urban futures : understanding participatory processes and artefacts." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2017. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/88214/.

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Visualisations of future cities contribute to our social imaginary. They can, and have been used as speculative objects for imagining new possible ways of living as communities (Dunn et al., 2014). However, future cities are usually represented through coherent scenarios that only tell one story (or one version of it), and rarely express the complexity of urban life. How can the diversity that characterises the city be represented in visions of the future that give voice to different, diverging ways of living and experiencing it? How do these visualisations contribute to inclusive design and research actions aimed at envisioning, prototyping, and reflecting on possible scenarios for liveable cities? My research focuses on ways of visualising possibilities for life in future cities that include and valorise plurality and agonism (DiSalvo, 2010), rather than present (as usually happens) only one story. For a lack of existing terminology, I am calling this approach “Visual Conversations on Urban Futures” (VCUF).Although there are no definitions or structured descriptions of VCUF, some prototypes can be found in design, art, and architecture. These examples show the great variety of methods and media that can be adopted in participatory processes of imagining futures cities. As a designer, I have chosen to adopt an action-research methodology (Kock, 2012; Rust, Mottram, & Till, 2007) to conduct, document, and reflect on a series of design experiments (Eriksen & Bang, 2013) that enhance my understanding of what it means to make pluralism explicit when producing visions of urban futures. The four main design experiments that I have undertaken are:-Living in the city. A first experiment in visualising future urban scenarios from a collaboratively written text.-Envisioning Urban Futures. Speculative Co-design practices: designing spaces for imaginary explorations and mapping them in an Atlas that makes visions readable and explorable-Sharing Cities. Conducting situated conversations on the relationship between social practices and urban futures: co-creating scenarios of sharing cities.-Birmingham Parks Summit. Visions designed to be unpacked, reworked, and developed into actions. The main contribution of my research is the proposal of a set of design principles, including a definition of the design space of VCUF. The design space outlined in the dissertation is a framework that can be used both as an analytical lens (to understand existing processes and artefacts of VCUF) as well as a design tool. Visual Conversations on Urban Futures could offer a significant contribution to the early stages of scenario building processes for possible futures. Manzini and Coad (2015) describe scenarios as “communicative artifacts produced to further the social conversation about what to do”. This way of imagining futures is ultimately about building alternatives to the dominant order by “making possible what appear(s) to be impossible” (Lefebvre, 1970, cited in Buckley & Violeau, 2011).While in times of urgent change seeking clarity and agreement might seem a much preferable route, I argue that articulating divergence is a necessary step to explore truly radical solutions. Stepping back from a solution-oriented approach allows us to visualise and better understand underlying tensions, and to critically question assumptions about what futures are or should be desirable.

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Maracini, Andrew J. "Participatory planning process in bicycle transportation planning : Madison County, Indiana." Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1048401.

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This project examines the effectiveness of a citizens' advisory committee initiated by the author to assist in the development of a bicycle facilities plan for Madison County, Indiana. A "ladder of citizen participation" was used to rank the level of citizen participation achieved. The MCCOG Bicycle Facility Plan was authored as part of the creative project is also studied in this project. Two components of the plan that were analyzed were the plan's success in meeting performance criteria, and the plan's approach in dealing with the question of separating bicycle traffic from auto traffic or integrating bicycles with auto traffic.This study finds that the participatory process is dynamic and that the level of citizen participation is variable and perhaps progressive. The plan was measured for meeting benchmarks of accessibility and continuity in its proposed routes. Local systems were found to have an integrated approach, while regional systems tend to have a nearly even mix of separated and integrated route systems.
Department of Urban Planning

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Becker, David Michael. "A ministry of stewardship development through a participatory budgeting process." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1992. http://www.tren.com.

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MacLeod, Kirsten Jane. "Process, practice and participation : exploring participatory community based media as an epistemological social process." Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.680111.

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Costa, Joana Sofia Batista de Sousa Correia da. "Estratégias para preservação da integridade patrimonial." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/18460.

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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Arquitetura, com a especialização em Arquitetura apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre.
A tese Estratégias para a preservação da integridade patrimonial Cidade Velha, Cabo Verde: a diversidade como elemento estruturante de uma arquitetura contemporânea pretende ser uma reflexão sobre o património arquitetónico da primeira cidade europeia nos trópicos e uma abordagem prática para uma nova matriz de planeamento, reabilitação e construção. A Cidade Velha é Património Mundial da Humanidade e está num processo de transformação. No entanto, a preservação do património edificado, embora constitua um potencial fator de crescimento e bem-estar da comunidade, não se tem revelado o vetor prioritário desse crescimento. A ideia de que a preservação da cidade deve ser pensada em primeiro lugar para a sua comunidade e depois para quem a visita, é cuidadosamente equacionada na proposta apresentada, de formar a salvaguardar a imagem da cidade, alargando o espectro do projeto à reabilitação, ao planeamento dos espaços públicos, e à nova construção contemporânea. A importância de preservar o património local, a par dos problemas que enfrenta no seu desenvolvimento urbano e social, dita a necessidade de encontrar uma solução, enquadrada na realidade cabo-verdiana e do seu centro histórico, de caracter participativo, mostrando que é possível acrescer ao património novas possibilidades conferindo-lhe maiores vantagens para a comunidade local e para a economia do país.
ABSTRACT: Preservation strategies for the patrimonial integrity. Cidade Velha, Cabo Verde: diversity as a structuring element of a contemporary architecture thesis aims to be a reflection on the architectural heritage of the first European city in the tropics and a practical approach to a new rehabilitation, construction and planning matrix. Cidade Velha is a World Heritage Site that has been in an ongoing change process, but where the rehabilitation of the vernacular heritage, although its potential as a factor of growth and community well-being, has not been considered as a priority. The idea that city’s preservation should be conceived in first place for its community and then for those who visit it is carefully considered in the proposal presented, to safeguard the image of the city, by widening the spectrum of the project to rehabilitation, public spaces planning, and to the new contemporary construction. The importance of preserving local heritage, along with all the problems it faces in its urban and social development, dictates the need to find solutions, adapted to the cape-verdean reality and its historical center specificities, by means of using public participation and showing that it is possible to add to the heritage, new possibilities with greater advantages for the local community and for the economy of the country.
N/A

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Saati, Abrak. "The Participation Myth : outcomes of participatory constitution building processes on democracy." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-102719.

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Since the early 1990s a growing number of constitution building processes in countries transitioning from authoritarian rule or recovering from war or severe institutional crisis have involved public participation. This increase stems from an assumption made by many peacebuilding scholars and practitioners that public participation in constitution building will lead to higher levels of democracy. This assumption has not, however, been the subject of systematic or comprehensive analysis. Therefore, the overarching purpose of this thesis is to scrutinize the participation-hypothesis - as it is referred to in this study. The study is a two-step investigation. The first part begins with an analysis of twenty cases of participatory constitution building that have occurred in post-conflict states, transitioning states and countries that have experienced a severe institutional crisis. In order to differentiate the cases in terms of how much influence participants were granted, an analytical framework is developed and the cases are categorized as either false, symbolic, limited, consultative or substantial participation. The participation-hypothesis is then empirically investigated by comparing democracy levels prior to and after the process for each of the 20 cases. In order to further test the hypothesis, cases of constitution making in which there was no public participation are then added to the investigation. These cases are included as a point of reference – the democratic outcome in this group is compared with the democratic outcome in the twenty participatory processes. The empirical results reveal that there is no relationship between public participation in constitution building processes and higher levels of democracy. On the contrary, some cases that involved considerable influence for participants have not experienced improved levels of democracy, while cases with low levels of influence for participants have shown democratic improvement. Moreover, a majority of cases of constitution making without public participation have also experienced increases in their democracy scores. Therefore, the conclusion of the first part of the study is that the participation-hypothesis does not stand up to empirical scrutiny. Particularly challenging for the participation-hypothesis is the fact that the analysis in part one shows that similar participatory processes have been followed by democratic improvement in some countries and democratic decline in others. Two such cases are Kenya and Zimbabwe. While democracy levels have increased in Kenya since the conclusion of the process, they have steadily declined in Zimbabwe. In the second part of the study, these two countries are therefore the object of intense, systematic and comparative scrutiny in order to explore factors beyond participation in constitution building that might explain the different trajectories of democracy. The comparison shows that the actions of political elites – in particular their ability to cooperate with each other – is the major explanation as to why the two wind up on different paths. The importance of elite cooperation is well-established in the democratization literature. One major conclusion of this study is therefore that the participation-hypothesis needs to be informed by insights drawn from this literature.

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Kulozu, Neslihan. "socio-psychological Dimensions Of Participatory Processes: In The Case Of The Local Government And Ngo Cooperation In Participatory Democracy Project." Phd thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614823/index.pdf.

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The transformation of the planning paradigm from rational comprehensive planning to participatory planning is commonly explained by the shift from instrumental rationality to communicative rationality. Based on communicative rationality, participatory planning approach has its own assumptions. One of the assumptions and pre-conditions of the realization of participatory planning practices is consensus-building. However, because of context-dependency of participatory planning processes, building consensus at the same level within every unique context is not possible. Therefore, comparing the participatory processes in terms of their success, which is commonly evaluated with standard success criteria in the literature, cannot be proper to participatory planning approach. Moreover, for the present study, exploring the factors affecting the participatory processes with a critical approach to increase the realization chance of participatory practices is more important than evaluating their successes. Focusing on the factors, affecting the participatory planning processes at interactional and socio-cultural levels, the thesis study aims to explore the socio-psychological dimensions of participatory processes that hinder and/or enhance them. To do that, the study poses three main research questions: &lsquo
what are the socio-psychological dimensions of the participatory processes of Gazi, Kaymakli, Odunpazari and Seyrek?&rsquo
, &lsquo
how much do socio-psychological dimensions explain the success of participatory processes?&rsquo
and &lsquo
how do socio-psychological dimensions explain contextually different participatory processes?&rsquo
To respond to these questions, the study was designed as case study and intended to pursue exploratory and quasi-experimental research approaches. As a result of the study, the research questions were answered in the case of the &lsquo
Local Government and NGO Cooperation in Participatory Democracy&rsquo
project in the Turkish context.

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19

Masaki, Katsuhiko. "The politics of the policy process : 'participatory' river control in Nepal." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270762.

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20

Tyekela, Pumla. "Stakeholder perceptions of participatory process in community development projects in Mdantsane." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/20670.

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Understanding stakeholders’ perception on the participation process is imperative so that strategies that foster people’s participation in community projects are implemented. This will facilitate that community members take part and contribute in their own development projects. In most projects perceptions can influence and impede participation. Most often the challenges experienced include acts of inequalities, lack of financial resources and informal and formal barriers that limit decision making and the capacity of people to participate effectively. As a consequence, authentic participation in community development projects intended to enhance and encourage more people to participate is not possible. The focus of the study was to explore and analyse perceptions of community stakeholders towards participation in community development activities in Mdantsane, a township situated between East London and King William’s Town. The research asked the following question: What are the perceptions of community stakeholders regarding the participation process in community development projects. This study was conducted using the qualitative approach to explore and gain an understanding of the underlying reasons, opinions and motivation for data gathered. The sample groups were the project staff and the government officials that had a better knowledge of the projects. Data was collected through the use of in-depth structured and semi structured interviews. The data showed that a large number of participants believed that participation involvement in project activities was motivated by regular meetings and material and financial incentives. The data further revealed that poor planning, lack of resources, constrained decision-making processes, selective reporting on the project progress were among the limitations of participation. Restraining these participation impediments will enhance and expand participation in community development projects. It is the author’s hope that recommendations made by this study, if implemented will improve participation in community projects in Mdantsane development projects to understand the concept and significance of community participation.

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21

Weiser, Hannah. "The Participatory Designer as an Interdisciplinary Actor in the Process of Urban Planning." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22281.

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This thesis examines participatory Urban Planning as an emerging application area for Participatory Design. Through testing and analysis traditional methods and concepts from Interaction and Participatory Design demonstrate how Participatory Design can contribute to current practices within participatory Urban Planning. Literature research provides a base on which to analyze the designer’s roles acting within Urban Planning. Research findings concerning the redevelopment of the RAW-arena in Berlin suggest the adjustment of traditional Participatory Design operating principles, such as user-centeredness into citizen-centeredness. The Participatory Designer’s traditional roles of a facilitator and translator extend by the role of a mediator, advocate, connector and activist when acting in the context of Urban Planning. The research presents a thorough description of the design process, workshops and interventions on-site.

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22

Monfort-Nelson, Erin M. "Developing environmentally sustainable apparel through participatory design." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/16992.

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Master of Science
Department of Apparel, Textiles & Interior Design
Sherry J. Haar and Kim Y. Hiller Connell
Many sustainable garments do not engage wide consumer interest, nor encourage eco-conscious purchasing. Meanwhile, mass consumption of unsustainable apparel contributes to environmental degradation (Black, 2008). However, Niinimäki (2010) suggests that engaging consumers in the design and development of environmentally sustainable products could improve the balance between environmental design decisions and functional, aesthetic, and emotional qualities (Lamb & Kallal, 1992). The purpose of this practice-based research was to (a) identify apparel and environmental attitudes and consumption behaviors of potential sustainable apparel consumers, (b) generate sustainable apparel design concept and product through use of participatory design methods, and (c) evaluate the sustainable concept, product, and participatory method. The sample was 10 female university students. Consumer data was collected through an online (i.e., Facebook) ethnographic journal and a focus group. Qualitative analysis generated the target market’s ideal apparel characteristics and ideal environmental apparel characteristics as apparel offering versatility and variety within their existing wardrobes; elements expressive of their personalities; simple and inexpensive maintenance; organic or recycled materials; and less textile waste at disposal. Additionally, it was determined that participants had low knowledge of the apparel and textile industry and its environmental impacts. Generation of sustainable apparel design ideas occurred through a second focus group session. Analysis of the focus group data, combined with the researcher’s tacit sustainable design knowledge, formed a design concept. The sustainable apparel design concept was comprised of three characteristics reflective of the target market’s ideals and design suggestions: be versatile through various temperatures; social settings, and environments; be convertible through temporary adjustment of functional and aesthetic elements; and be transitional allowing the garment to be layered for greater thermal insulation without detracting from the appearance. The sustainable apparel concept was an application of the pre-existing Design for User Interaction sustainable design strategy. The sustainable apparel design concept was then applied to the development of an outerwear garment and presented to the participants and mentors as a digital sketch. The design addressed the sustainable design concept through interchangeable envelope-style shell layers, an insertable thermal core layer, a buttoned closure at the hemline and interconnecting button points for added alignment between layers. In this garment, the researcher applied participants’ suggestions of style, materials, and inclusion of a core layer. Following sketch refinement, two prototypes were constructed. The first prototype consisted of a thermal core layer and outer coat layer. Due to challenges with the core layer fabric, the second prototype modified the core layer material and style. Additionally, in the second prototype, the shell was made sleeveless and both a bolero style jacket and lining were added. Dual button fasteners connected the layers. During the third focus group session, participants evaluated the design concept, second garment prototype, and the participatory design methods. Participants noted that the design concept provided increased ease of garment care (which could potentially increase the frequency of laundering); ease of garment storage; and increased versatility through varying temperatures. Participants’ suggestions for prototype refinement included the addition of a kick-pleat and reduction of button alignment points. Prototype development did not reach completion during this study. Further refinement of the garment’s pattern and fit, implementation of additional aesthetic/functional elements, and development of an intuitive transformation are necessary. Participant evaluation of participatory methods and study participation were the use of Facebook as an online ethnographic journal made daily participation easy and allowed the researcher to become familiar with their personalities, increasing their comfort at later stages of the research. Participants felt their suggestions were evident in the garment prototype and were as involved as their experience and knowledge allowed. The only participant suggestion regarding the participatory design experience was the addition of updates informing participants of the design progress between focus group sessions. Though the concept and resulting garment were not exceedingly original, participants were pleased with the fruition of their ideas. This finding indicates a willingness to participate in the design process, supportive of participatory design.

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23

Santoro, Amanda. "Recycling as play: encouraging recycling through a participatory design process with children." Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/32708.

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Master of Landscape Architecture
Landscape Architecture/Regional and Community Planning
Jason S. Brody
Recycling in many cities faces dilemmas with accessibility and education, especially within the public realm, which leads to a lack of participation in this sustainable activity. The City of Kansas City, Missouri does not currently provide recycling solutions for multi-family and commercial businesses and has minimal to non-existent recycling infrastructure within its downtown’s public realm. Envisioning a new recycling system for a city requires many entities to come together in the design process. However, the city, landscape architects, and other designers frequently overlook incorporating children into the participatory community design process, even though children have knowledge, experiences, and ideas to offer (Speak, 2000). Incorporating many avenues of community input can benefit the design outcomes, and children should be included in the participatory design process when it engages their built environment. The Kansas City Design Center (KCDC) produced a vision plan and conceptual site designs for downtown Kansas City’s recycling system. Community input was part of the KCDC studio project’s design process by utilizing a series of advisory council meetings, professional reviews, and open houses. This report integrated another form of community involvement into the project by working with children on designing urban space and playful infrastructure focused on encouraging participation in recycling. A series of design charrettes were conducted with 5th grade students from Kansas City’s urban charter school Crossroads Academy due to the school’s focus on immersion in the urban environment. The students’ design charrette ideas added a new perspective to how urban space and recycling infrastructure could encourage participation. These ideas and perspectives were shared with classmates and utilized to further design development in the recycling project's streetscape "Links" strategy. As the project developed, the researcher observed how the children's ideas impacted the "Links" strategy design coming through in playful ground plane designs, interactive elements, concepts of place-making, and considerations for a variety of users. The participatory process with the children was most influential on those involved directly with the children's process. This allowed the children's ideas to become inherent base knowledge when designing. Engaging youth’s imaginative minds in the design process for urban space and recycling infrastructure sparked new playful perspectives on how to encourage participation and led to meaningful recycling design outcomes within the public realm.

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24

Carstens, L. (Lizette). "Exploring participatory action research during the initial phases of the design process." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/41570.

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25

Shaw, Jacqueline. "Contextualising empowerment practice : negotiating the path to becoming using participatory video processes." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2012. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/400/.

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Participation and empowerment are major drivers of social policy, but participatory projects often happen within contested territory. This research interrogates the assumed participation-empowerment link through the example of participatory video. Fieldwork unpacks the particular approach of Real Time, an established UK project provider. Disrupting representational framing, the emergent relational processes catalysed were explored in context, to address not whether participatory video can increase participants’ influence, but how and in what circumstances. This thesis therefore builds more nuanced understanding of empowerment practice as the negotiated (rhizomic) pathway between social possibility and limitation. Following Deleuze, a becoming ontology underpinned study of project actors’ experiences of the evolving group processes that occurred. An action research design incorporated both collaborative sense-making and disruptive gaze. Analysis draws on interpersonal and observational data gathered purposively from multiple perspectives in 11 Real Time projects between 2006 and 2008. Five were youth projects and six with adults, two were women-only and one men-only, two with learning-disabled adults and four aimed at minority-ethnic participants. Participatory video as facilitated empowerment practice led to new social becoming by opening conducive social spaces, mediating interactions, catalysing group action and re-positioning participants. Videoing as performance context had a structuring and intensifying function, but there were parallel risks such as inappropriate exposure when internal and external dialogical space was confused. A rhizomic map of Real Time’s non-linear practice territory identifies eight key practice balances, and incorporates process possibilities, linked tensions, and enabling and hindering factors at four main sequential stages. Communicative action through iteratively progressing video activities unfolded through predictable transitions to generate a diversifying progression from micro to mezzo level when supported. This thesis thus shows how participatory video is constituted afresh in each new context, with the universal and particular in ongoing dynamic interchange during the emergent empowerment journey.

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26

Le, Pira Michela. "Towards participatory decision-making processes in transport planning: an agent-based approach." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/3934.

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The aim of the research is to give a contribution and an insight on the complex field of stakeholder involvement in transport planning, by analysing the role of decision-support methods and agent-based modelling in guiding a participation process. The approach is twofold: from one side it is about to deeply understand the process of making a collective decision, by studying how the interaction among different actors can lead to a convergence of opinions towards a shared collective decision. From the other side, it is based on finding appropriate decision-support methods to help the group decision-making process. Agent-based modelling and simulations have been used, in order to guide real participation processes and predict the results of an interaction process, and group multi criteria decision-making methods, to help taking consistent decisions based on several judgment criteria. The results of the research should help decision-makers and practitioners in dealing with multiple stakeholders and complex decisions and guiding the participation process.

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Addo-Atuah, Kweku. "Northview Elementary School: an iterative participatory process in schoolyard planning & design." Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13716.

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Master of Regional and Community Planning
Department of Landscape Architecture/Regional & Community Planning
Mary Catherine (Katie) Kingery-Page
There is currently a dearth of planning literature concerning participatory processes relative to children, particularly in the planning and design of schoolyard or playground spaces. Through a local, place-based, participatory approach emphasizing local knowledge and active listening, this master's report seeks to confirm the value of children in the planning and design of a schoolyard space. The study took place at the Northview Elementary School in Manhattan, KS comprising students as primary stakeholders, teachers/administrative staff as secondary stakeholders and parents as tertiary stakeholders. Additionally, the study employed Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s childhood cognitive development theories and five operational play categories in guiding the development of a learning landscape design aimed at supporting and maximizing cognitive development, physical activity and recreation. The report concludes with a set of five (5) recommendations designed to equip prospective researchers in undertaking participatory processes within school settings. The implication of this study is that sustained stakeholder engagement during planning and design processes of schoolyards will result in spaces reflective of the target audience.

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28

Schumm, Katie. "The Creation of a Neighborhood Garden Mural as Participatory Process and Outcome." Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1111682298.

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29

Bhebhe, Gladwin. "Stakeholder participation in strategic planning processes at three colleges of education in Zimbabwe: towards the development of a participatory process in strategic planning." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1006246.

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This study investigated stakeholder participation in strategic planning processes in three teacher training colleges in Zimbabwe. The study was conducted within the qualitative research methodology. Three colleges of education were purposively sampled. All principals in the sampled sites took part in the study. Two Heads of Departments (HODs), two Lecturers in Charge (LICs) two Students Representative Council (SRC) members as well as College Advisory Council Board Members (CACBM) participated in this study. A total of 18 informants participated through interviews. Documents such as strategic planning minutes were scrutinized. Strategic planning meetings were also observed at two sites. The findings were that the practice of strategic planning still appears to be rigid and bureaucratic for organizations that operate in rapidly changing environments such as those in Zimbabwe. Secondly, participation in strategic planning is not all inclusive; only a select few individuals do take part in the planning exercise. Colleges of education and the Ministry focus on the product activities, that is, crafting the strategic plan. They seem to ignore the process activities such as reviewing plans periodically and taking note of key performance indicators which promote continuous improvement. The study also found that participants received no formal training in strategic planning and that the planning process was skewed towards control and compliance; and exhibited managerial accountability tendencies which lie within central bureaucratic approaches. The main recommendations were that the Ministry of Higher and Tertiary Education and the Department of Teacher Education, at the University of Zimbabwe, in consultation with relevant stakeholders should, develop norms and standards for teacher education to align Zimbabwe‟s stakeholder participation in strategic planning to the global trends. Colleges should supplement their understanding of operational contexts by exploring possible future trends and circumstances. The criteria for reviewing strategic plans should be developed by peers, and practitioners in the field, in consultation with national norms and standards for teacher education.

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30

Ceccato, Lucia <1977&gt. "Three essays on participatory processes and integrated water resource management in developing countries." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/1229.

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The dissertation is a collection of three essays. The first essay is a literature review of participative and IWRM practices in the specific context of the Federal Republic of Brazil, chosen as case study for its modern water management legislation, embracing IWRM paradigms. The essay presents the Brazilian institutional and legislative system, and reviews how different participative approaches have been applied in some states of this country, underlining the criticalities that obstacle an effective development of participatory practices in water management. The second essay presents a methodological proposal aimed at improving the effectiveness of interactions between the scientific community and local actors for decision-making processes in water management, in two case studies, in Europe and Asia: the Upper Danube and the Upper Brahmaputra River Basins. The study explores the utilization of Decision Support System tools and Multi Criteria Decision Analysis to facilitate transparent and robust management of information, and to prioritize problems and solutions in an integrated perspective. The third one focuses on the participatory process to support scientific multidisciplinary research; it explores the utilization of a semi quantitative method to structuralize the cognitive maps of a group of experts. The research utilises the tool of Fuzzy Cognitive Maps to guide the construction of system understanding and to improve the effectiveness of the Building Block methodology for the environmental flow assessment of a river. The application is tested to the Lower Paraguaçu River Basin and Iguape Bay (Bahia, Brazil).
La tesi è una raccolta di tre saggi. Il primo saggio è una revisione della letteratura sulle pratiche partecipative e di Gestione Integrata delle Risorse Idriche (IWRM), nello specifico ambito della Repubblica federale del Brasile, scelto come caso di studi per la sua legislazione moderna sulla gestione delle acque, che abbraccia i pradigmi di IWRM. Il saggio presenta il sistema istituzionale e legislativo brasiliano, analizza come i diversi approcci partecipativi sono stati applicati in alcuni Stati del Paese, sottolineando le criticità che ostacolano un efficace sviluppo delle pratiche partecipative nella gestione dell'acquea. Il secondo saggio presenta una proposta metodologica per migliorare l'efficacia delle interazioni tra la comunità scientifica e gli attori locali nei processi decisionali nella gestione delle acque. Il lavoro é stato sviluppato in due casi di studio, in Europa e in Asia: i bacini idrografici del alto Danubio e dell'alto Brahmaputra. Lo studio si avvale dell'utilizzo di strumenti di supporto decisionale e di analisi muliti-criterial per facilitare una gestione solida e trasparente delle informazioni e individuare le priorità e le possibili soluzioni con una prospettiva integrata. Il terzo saggio si concentra sullo studio del processo partecipativo finalizzato a supportare la ricerca scientifica multi-disciplinare, ed analiza l'utilizzo di un metodo semi quantitativo per struttuare le mappe cognitive di un gruppo di esperti. La ricerca si avvale dello strumento di Mappe Cognitive Fuzzy, come quadro intermedio verso l'attuazione della modellizzazione degli ecosistemi, applicata alla valutazione del flusso idrico di un fiume. L'applicazione è testata per il basso bacino del fiume Paraguaçu e la baia di Iguape (Bahia, Brasile).

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31

LEONE, FEDERICA. "Participatory approaches in support of the decision-making processes. The ambivalence of participation." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266205.

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The dissertation concerns the analysis of participatory practices in support of the decision-making processes. In particular, the research work is based on an important consideration, according to which, traditional participatory processes do not work in practical terms. Indeed, the evolution of the concept of participation reveals that although the implementation of the participatory processes arose from the necessity of strongly criticizing the contemporary society of the 1960’s, nowadays they have been used to reinforce and legitimate the existing power relations. In this conceptual framework, participation is currently analysed and interpreted either as a democratic right or as an instrument to achieve specific goals. As a result, the dichotomy, between theory and practice, acquires an increasing importance within the international debate. Moreover, the dissertation intends to interpret the intrinsic ambivalence within the concept of participation through the analysis of a case study represented by the Sardinian Regional Landscape Plan (RLP). Sardinian regional government elaborated its RLP in 2006. However, different problems, such as the lack of implementation of the RLP at the local level, entailed the necessity for a revision. In particular, the Sardinian case study represents an emblematic case due to the implementation of two very different participatory processes. From this perspective, these approaches are studied in order to understand the difficulties to translate theoretical concepts about participation into practice. In addition, the research work is based on a qualitative strategy and on a case study design, where a triangulation of methods, which are traditionally related to either qualitative or quantitative research strategy, is used. In particular, the data were collected through semi-structured interviews and self-completion questionnaires that involved different categories of participants such as academicians, officials of the regional, provincial and local governments, technicians of building enterprises, member of environmentalist bodies and practitioners. Moreover, the data analysis highlights some important considerations. First of all, the political decisions influenced negatively the outcomes of the participatory processes. Indeed, during the elaboration phase, the specific purpose of the regional government was to legitimate its ruling role on the planning decisions at the local level, implying a lack of real involvement of participants. In the revision phase, despite the apparently good intentions, the regional government, which belongs to an opposite political alignment of the previous one, intended to represent itself as a forward-looking administration in order to increase consensus on behalf of citizens, local and provincial administrations, practitioners and the economic and productive sectors. Secondly, the lack of a solid awareness of the importance of participation makes the implementation of effective inclusive moments impossible without a methodological reference framework. From this conceptual perspective, the research work proposes a procedural protocol, whose aim is to define a methodological framework concerning the implementation of participatory practices in support of the planning processes at the regional scale. The procedural protocol focuses on four main issues: the interdependency of participatory and planning processes, the definition of specific responsibilities, the circularity of the processes, and their flexibility. First of all, the participatory processes should be parallel to the planning processes, becoming a necessary element of the procedures of elaboration and approval of plans. On the other hand, despite the complementary nature of the relation between participatory and planning processes, they should not lose their decisional autonomy and independence. Secondly, with respect to the impacts of the political decisions on participatory and planning processes, the authorities that implement participatory processes should be external bodies, composed by a multidisciplinary group of experts in political and social science, and in participatory practices. Thirdly, the circularity of the processes is based on considerations, according to which the relations between participatory and planning processes are not linear. In this way, it could be possible to take corrective measures in the most important phases. Finally, the fourth issue is related to specific economic, social and political contexts in which the participatory processes are implemented. Indeed, the research work tries to maintain a certain degree of flexibility in order to make it possible that suitable adjustments of the processes in relation to the reference context do occur.In conclusion, “learning from failing” represents an important lesson of the research work. Indeed, despite the undeniable failures that characterise the current participatory practices, participation remains a significant aspect that could give adecisive contribution to the effectiveness of planning decisions.

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32

Hardenborg, Niklas. "Designing Work and IT Systems : A Participatory Process that Supports Usability and Sustainability." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8344.

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33

Collins, K. "Alice through the telescope : a critical autoethnography of an (almost) participatory research process." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2015. http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/25558/.

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Social marketing is a technique for behavioural change that has been around since the 1960s, when prominent academics argued that the tools and techniques of marketing could be used for social as well as commercial ends. More recently, the orthodox approach to social marketing - based on the marketing management paradigm - has been challenged and new approaches are emerging. One such development has been characterised loosely as ‘co creation’, which in a social marketing context is understood to mean behavioural change interventions that are developed collaboratively with the target audience, rather than by remote experts. I present here an autoethnographic study of an 18-month ‘co-created’ social marketing project that sought to reduce risky drinking in two deprived neighbourhoods. Locating myself epistemologically within the post structural approach articulated by critical sociologists (e.g. Laurel Richardson and Norman Denzin), I have written two analytical stories about the project based upon field notes, project documents, emails and recollections. One story is akin to a thick description, the second organised around four emergent themes: negative space, legitimacy, resistance and performativity. Drawing upon literature from participatory research, international development and activist scholarship, I present a contribution in three parts. First, a detailed ethical and epistemological critique of social marketing’s claims to legitimacy as a methodology of social change; second, the development and theoretical justification of autoethnographic writing as a method for analysing participatory and action research projects; and finally, an exploration of the relationship between identity (internally cultivated and externally imposed), social inequality and social activism via evocative writing as “the very possibility of change” (Cixous, 1976, p. 879).

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34

Nicolo, Francesca, Elissa Cardoso, and Puente Julia Ramos. "Strategic Sustainable Development for transparent, accountable and participatory governments." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för strategisk hållbar utveckling, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-12729.

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During the last century, the world has faced unprecedented challenges relating to the degradation of the socio-ecological system. In light of this, governments play an important role to help tackle these issues. This thesis identifies the Open Government Partnership (OGP) organisation, as an initiative that can support governments in addressing these challenges. In particular, the potential to address these issues relates to OGP’s vision of strengthening governance by increasing transparency, accountability and participation. Therefore, the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development (FSSD) was used to analyse the results from the semi-structured interviews, literature review and document analysis, in order to identify the strengths and limitations of OGP’s planning approach. Based on these results, recommendations call for the utilisation of the ABCD strategic planning process to assist OGP member governments and stakeholders to develop a concrete definition of sustainability, and a strategic planning approach that can support society in moving towards sustainability.

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35

Brown, Helen. "Social learning within participatory, catchment-based water management processes in South Africa and Namibia." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14958/.

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Over the past decade, South African and Namibian governments have initiated processes of water-sector reform via new legislation (RSA, 1998; GRN, 2004), designed to promote increased equity, efficiency and economic and environmental sustainability of water resources. These objectives correspond to those of the discourse of integrated water resource management (Heyns, 2005; Woodhouse, 2008). Institutional reform is a key feature of the recent legislation. Participatory institutions are being formed, which are aligned to hydrological spatial units, such as water-user associations and basin management committees. These institutional spaces represent 'communities' of learning (Wenger, 1998; Johnson, 2007), and synergise with the concept of 'social learning' that links collective interaction and learning to concerted action in the collective and environmental interest (Roling & \Vagemakers, 1998; Keen et al., 2005; Pahl-\Vostl et al., 2007a; Ison et al., 2007). Drawing on the 'constant comparison' principle of grounded theory (Glaser, 1992), the thesis explores this concept of social learning using two case studies: the South African Kat River Water User Association (KatRWUA) and the Namibian Kuiseb Basin Management Committee (KuisebBMC). A multi-method research approach was used to elicit qualitative information, with data-collection methods including semi-structured interviews, ethnographic observation and secondary data sources (Denzin & Lincoln, 2002). Subsequent data analysis revealed a mismatch between the nature and outcomes of social learning processes within the case studies and the ideals of socially and environmentally sustainable behaviour, which are desired by both the integrated water-resource management discourse and by the South African and Namibian national Water Acts. Social learning, as a process for achieving these goals of social equity and sustainable social behaviour, was prevented by the five Ps: power relations, politics, personality, precedence, and the past.

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36

Siame, Gilbert. "The institutional dynamics of participatory slum-upgrading processes: the case of Langrug informal settlement." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/7516.

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Since the 1990s, South Africa has faced a high rate of urbanization and increasing formation of informal settlements. However, the focus of urban planning has not changed to accommodate new urban trends. The current dominant practice of urban planning, still rooted in the global North realism, reflects an increasing discord between current approaches and growing problems of poverty, inequality, informality, rapid urbanisation and socio-spatial fragmentation. Traditional urban planning approaches and state-led direct settlement interventions have arguably served to exclude the urban poor with a marked failure to sustainably address the problem of informal settlements. This research examines the case of Stellenbosch, Western Cape, and argues that the concept of coproduction is an alternative dynamic model that could be used to achieve inclusive and sustainable urban environments. Re-organising institutional relationships would arguably lead to a more successful service production approach and engagement between the state and the urban poor. I use the lens of coproduction to assess partnership-based in-situ community-driven informal settlement interventions. The research uses the Langrug informal settlement upgrading programme as a case study to analyse the institutional arrangements and to examine power relations in a context-specific coproduction process. The research uses semi-structured interviews, field observations and secondary data to examine the nature of the partnership, institutional relations, scope and approach of the Langrug upgrade programme. The study concludes that the Langrug upgrade programme depicts a typical coproduction arrangement where many institutions are collaborating to improve the living conditions of the urban poor in Langrug. Further, the study establishes that the success of this partnership depends on on-going effective management of power and institutional dynamics and low-level conflicts. The study recommends that the Slum Dwellers International (SDI) alliance needs to build stronger grassroots structures in Stellenbosch to increase local capacity in community mobilisation and advocacy. Besides the need to incorporate the media, the partnership must improve the communication system among partners and stakeholders to avoid mistrust and ensure productive state-society engagement. Finally, more comparative case research needs to be done to consolidate arguments on the concept of coproduction vis-à-vis planning practice in the global South.

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Strand, Annie. "Participatory projects – a benefit to all? : A minor field study in rural India." Thesis, Linköping University, The Tema Institute, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-12319.

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Participation has become a crucial aspect for development and development aid thus it ensures empowerment and appropriate gain for the stakeholders. Participation is important especially for managing natural resources like water but the participatory approach is not always satisfying. This Minor field study has looked at two different projects participation from the stakeholders view and tried to answer what the stakeholders gain is for from participatory projects. This is done by interviewing the initiators of the projects and the villagers involved in it. The interviews showed a difference between the projects where the local development project had a more constant participation from start to finish while the research project stationed in Sweden had participation at times and in a different way. The study showed that more efforts need to be done to define participation thus it is now used in many different ways. There is also a need for improved documentation on the participatory process to assure participation and improve the procedures.

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Raithby, Angela Kathleen. "A qualitative, participatory study of the process of becoming an advocate for nonhuman animals." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq21890.pdf.

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39

Magida, Litha Lincoln. "The Witsand Human Settlement Project : a participatory process to establish a sustainable human settlement." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80271.

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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South Africa is experiencing a number of challenges, which have led to developmental backlogs, housing shortages and growing informal areas. At the same time, the country is also experiencing sustainability problems, such as climate change, biodiversity loss and resource shortages. Strategies to address these challenges do not always provide adequate space for participatory structures as suggested by Local Agenda 21. Social sustainability (the ability of communities to collaborate in order to promote sustainability) is a fundamental component of sustainable development. An essential ingredient of social sustainability is to maintain and develop the stock of social capital (social bonds, relationships of trust, and connectedness in groups and networks). The existence of conflict and distrust in communities therefore makes cooperation for development and sustainability very difficult. The purpose of this study was to examine and evaluate a specific case study, namely the Witsand Integrated Energy Environment Empowerment Cost Optimisation (iEEECO) Human Settlement Project, situated near Atlantis within the City of Cape Town, with regard to lessons about the process towards sustainable human settlements and sustainability. This case study was chosen because it is a so-called People’s Housing Project that has also been developed as an ecological sustainable project. The study specifically aimed to establish whether and how participation was implemented as part of this project and how effective this had been in promoting social sustainability, since it had also been a conflict-ridden project. The case study methodology was used where interviews, direct observation and focus groups sessions were conducted. Finally, the study reports on the findings and formulates recommendations based on the case study on some of the ways to improve sustainability. The process of learning about this community was like unpeeling an onion, that started with the impression of a successful sustainable human settlement, but ended up with the knowledge that it is a project, which despite more than usual efforts made to implement sustainability principles and participation, remains conflict ridden and fragmented. The community is presently represented by two community organisations (of which one does not support sustainability principles). It also seems as if few community members felt that they had really been involved in the participation process, with many relegated to make up numbers in meetings, with no real involvement in the process. The level of illiteracy within the community is high and rumours abound, which at one stage led to houses of community leaders, as well as field workers employed by the municipality to monitor extension of shacks, being stoned and burnt. Municipal policies to use local people as gate-keepers to keep informal areas from growing are contributing to these problems. Changes in housing policies regarding contributory payments are also adding to conflict within the community, which adds fuel to rumours of corruption. In the context of a shortage of space where people can legally build their own shacks, a shortage of public facilities like schools and clinics, as well as employment opportunities, this project cannot yet be regarded as an integrated sustainable human settlement.The lessons that this case study teaches us is about the path towards sustainability, is that it is a complex process, which requires a bigger focus on social sustainability and on conflict transformation. Social sustainability requires more and better participation and transparency in policy-making, as well as changes in policies to promote more fairness, justice, and the building of social capital. Co-production, where state and citizens work together to provide basic services, has much to offer as a method of participation, especially if initiated and run by grassroots organisations.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Suid-Afrika beleef 'n aantal uitdagings, wat gelei het tot ontwikkelingsagterstande, behuisingstekorte en groeiende informele gebiede. Terselfdertyd ondervind die land ook volhoubaarheidsprobleme, soos klimaatverandering, die verlies aan biodiversiteit en hulpbron-tekorte. Strategieë om hierdie uitdagings aan te spreek, laat nie altyd voldoende ruimte vir deelnemende strukture soos voorgestel deur Plaaslike Agenda 21 nie. Sosiale volhoubaarheid (die vermoeë van gemeenskappe om saam te werk ten einde volhoubaarheid te bevorder) is 'n fundamentele komponent van volhoubare ontwikkeling. 'n Noodsaaklike bestanddeel van sosiale volhoubaarheid is om die voorraad van sosiale kapitaal (sosiale gom, verhoudings van vertroue, en verbondenheid in groepe en netwerke) in stand te hou en te ontwikkel. Die bestaan van konflik en wantroue in gemeenskappe maak dus samewerking vir ontwikkeling en volhoubaarheid baie moeilik. Die doel van hierdie studie was om 'n spesifieke gevallestudie te ondersoek en te evalueer, naamlik die Witsand Geïntegreerde Energie en Omgewing Bemagtiging Koste Optimisering (iEEECO) Menslike Nedersetting Projek, naby Atlantis binne die Stad Kaapstad, met betrekking tot lesse oor die proses na volhoubare menslike nedersettings en volhoubaarheid. Hierdie gevallestudie is gekies omdat dit is 'n sogenaamde gemeenskapsbehuisingprojek (People's Housing Project) is, wat ook as 'n ekologiese volhoubare projek ontwikkel is. Die studie is spesifiek daarop gemik om vas te stel of en hoe deelname as deel van hierdie projek geïmplementeer is en hoe effektief dit was om sosiale volhoubaarheid te bevorder of nie, aangesien dit ook 'n konflik-geteisterde projek was. Die gevallestudie metodologie is gebruik, waar onderhoude, direkte waarneming en fokusgroep sessies onderneem is. Ten slotte doen die studie verslag oor die bevindings en formuleer aanbevelings oor hierdie gevalle studie ten opsigte van metodes hoe om deelname te verbeter om volhoubaarheid te bevorder. Die proses van leer oor hierdie gemeenskap was soos om 'n ui af te skil, wat begin het met die indruk van 'n suksesvolle volhoubare menslike nedersetting, maar geëindig het met die wete dat dit 'n projek is, wat ten spyte van meer as die gewone pogings om volhoubaarheidsbeginsels en deelname te implementeer, deur konflik en fragmentasie gepla is. Dit word verteenwoordig deur twee gemeenskapsorganisasies (waarvan een nie volhoubaarheid beginsels ondersteun nie). Dit blyk ook asof min gemeenskapslede regtig voel dat hulle in die deelname proses betrokke was, met baie wat voel dat hulle gerelegeer was tot getalle by vergaderings, sonder regtige betrokkenheid in die proses Die vlak van ongeletterdheid in die gemeenskap is hoog en gerugte doen die ronde, wat op een stadium gelei het tot die steniging en verbrand van huise van gemeenskap leiers, sowel as veldwerkers wat deur die munisipaliteit aangestel is om die uitbreiding van plakkershutte te monitor. Dit blyk dat die munisipale beleid om plaaslike mense te gebruik as poort-wagte om die groei van informele gebiede te keer, bydra tot hierdie probleme. Veranderinge in behuising beleid ten opsigte van bydraende betalings dra ook by tot konflik binne die gemeenskap, wat gerugte van korrupsie aanvuur. In die konteks van 'n tekort aan ruimte waar mense wettiglik hul eie informele huise kan bou, 'n tekort aan openbare fasiliteite soos skole en klinieke, asook werksgeleenthede, kan hierdie projek nog nie beskou word as 'n geïntegreerde volhoubare menslike nedersetting nie. Die lesse wat hierdie gevallestudie ons kan leer oor die roete na volhoubaarheid, is dat dit 'n komplekse proses is, wat 'n groter fokus op sosiale volhoubaarheid en konflik transformasie vereis. Sosiale volhoubaarheid vereis meer en beter deelname en deursigtigheid in die maak van beleid, sowel as veranderinge in beleide om meer regverdigheid en geregtigheid te bevorder, asook die uitbou van sosiale kapitaal. Ko-produksie, waar staat en burgers saam werk om basiese dienste te lewer, het baie om te bied as 'n metode van deelname, veral as dit geïnisieer en gelei word deur voetsoolvlak organisasies.

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Capell, Jennifer Rosemary. "Evaluating a community participatory quality improvement process: what works and what can be improved?" Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12727.

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Thesis (Dr.P.H)--Boston University
Problem: Maternal mortality in Ethiopia remains high, with 676 women dying per 100,000 live births. Infant mortality (68 deaths per 1,000 live births) is also high. The Ethiopian Government has committed significant resources to improving these outcomes, including training and deploying health extension workers (HEWs) to every community. The "What it Takes to Reach the Last 10 Kilometers" (L10K) project assists the government in increasing the reach of HEWs and improving the quality of the services. One L10K intervention is Participatory Community Quality Improvement (PCQI), in which the community and health workers are involved in defining and improving health service quality. This dissertation addresses three PCQI-related research questions: 1) What aspects of PCQI are working, and what implementation changes are recommended, 2) does PCQI improve service quality at rural health posts, and 3) does PCQI improve utilization of key maternal and neonatal health services? Methods: Mixed methods were used to answer the research questions. Key informant interviews were conducted with PCQI stakeholders, including health workers and administrators, and community members. Health facility assessments (HFAs) were conducted in 16 health facilities where PCQI was implemented prior to the start of PCQI, and again after one year of implementation. Service utilization data on key maternal and neonatal health indicators were collected from the same facilities for the 12 months preand post-implementation of PCQI. Interview data were analyzed for emerging themes, while service utilization and HFA data were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests and run charts. Results: Interviewees reported that PCQI increased awareness of and access to health services (66% of interviews); empowered communities to take ownership of health and health care issues (60%); promoted more respectful care of patients (40%); and improved HEWs' skills and confidence (19%). Challenges and recommendations included increasing technical support for HEWs (64%); further integrating PCQI into existing government systems (49%); and mitigating resource shortages (47%) and the turn-over of PCQI facilitators (38%). The number of women delivering with a HEW increased post intervention (p=.048). Conclusions: Involving communities and health workers in quality improvement can help increase respectful care and community empowerment, as well as increasing deliveries with health workers.

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Drinková, Kristína. "Monografie." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta výtvarných umění, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-396096.

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The aim of the diploma thesis is the graphic processing of the monographic publication of Kateřina Šedá. In my work I refer to the cooperation of designer, author and curator, with many aspects that influence us in the process of creation and define the result. The work of Kateřina Šedá consists predominantly of participatory actions, often linked to a specific place (excluded locality, housing estate, village), with events, interactions and the experiences of many people being the key output. The aim of the monograph is to provide a clear report on major authorial projects in one comprehensive publication. Considering the quantity, variety and complexity of Kateřina Šedá’s work, the work also includes searching for solutions and systems to process projects to a limited extent.

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Heermann, Lauren. "Building spaces & communities: the process of improving Kansas City's recycling system with community input." Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/32709.

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Master of Landscape Architecture
Landscape Architecture/Regional and Community Planning
Jason S. Brody
Kansas City has the opportunity to expand its recycling programs and infrastructure through a participatory design process conducted at the Kansas City Design Center (KCDC). Because participatory design techniques can allow researchers to include members of the community in the planning process, project outcomes can generally be more successful. In the example of the recycling and composting project led by students at the KCDC, an advisory committee made of professionals and members of the community represented many stakeholder interests. Because of the wide array of feedback from the community, the process of design for the studio was not linear, but rather, it transformed over a period of research, design, further research, and redesign. The students first approached local recycling issues within the scope of a document written for grant funding. However as students responded to feedback from the advisory committee, the final proposals were altered to better address truer community needs. Other aspects for how to communicate and respond to critical feedback was also realized. This report aims to discover how participatory design aided this project and made its outcomes and delivery more agreeable to the larger population.

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Reardon, Mitchell. "An Opportunity for Renewals: : The Participatory Process and Social and Income Diversity in Brownfield Development." Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Human Geography, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-39908.

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Reardon, Mitchell. (2010) An Opportunity for Renewal: The Participatory Process and Social and Income Diversity in Brownfield Developments

Urban and Regional Planning, advanced level, master thesis for master exam in Urban and Regional Planning, 30 ECTS credits.

Supervisor: Dr. Thomas Borén

Language: English

Participatory planning and the redevelopment of brownfield locations have both figured prominently in urban and regional planning strategies in recent decades. Despite their growing importance, these trends have rarely been analysed in concert however. Further, the issues of social and income diversity within this context have received less attention. In recognizing this void, this paper explores the use of participatory planning in brownfield developments, with an emphasis on social and income diversity. Through a review of the participatory planning theories of communicative action and the just city, strategies for promoting participatory planning and social and income diversity, are identified. A case study of Norra Djurgårdsstaden, a brownfield development in Stockholm, Sweden is employed to analyse these strategies. In undertaking the case study, data was collected through interviews and planning documents. This study found that the inherently high cost of redeveloping brownfield locations inhibits social and income diversity and requires an overt response to mitigate it. Participatory planning offers the possibility of engaging stakeholders who may otherwise be ignored, providing the opportunity to create a more inclusive development. It is also clear that an inclusionary goal must be part of a wider strategy, or is otherwise likely to be ignored.

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Zias-Roe, Shellie. "Equity and Inclusion in Planning| Engaging a Uniquely Abled Vulnerable Population in the Participatory Process." Thesis, Prescott College, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10784346.

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This exploratory and descriptive research intended to examine ways to engage a vulnerable young adult population in environmental and ecological education and in community planning and public participation processes. A goal was to understand how to be more inclusive in the decision-making process at the community level based on ethical principles prescribed within the practice of equity planning and environmental and social justice. Merging the methodologies of applied action learning and action research, nested case studies were developed. Three cases within environmental and ecological education encompassed community gardening, horticultural therapy, and community mapping. The three cases within community planning and participatory processes included participating in a general plan or comprehensive plan update, a federal public hearing, and applying to sit on a federal agency working group. This research found ways to invite uniquely abled people into public participation processes through adaptive surveys, novel meeting places, and engagement opportunities. A nexus exists between environmental education and understanding community such that vulnerable participants are able to become involved in public processes and participate at a level that demonstrates their ability to understand their community as well as their needs. Participating in experiential and informal learning, practicing and integrating skills, and demonstrating knowledge and abilities, uniquely abled participants were empowered toward building confidence in public speaking, sharing knowledge about themselves and their community, developing skills in self-reliance, and building social capital. Because of this vulnerable population’s needs, they brought up problems and solutions that prompted other participants to realize they could also benefit from this population’s input. Using GIS tools, limitations of public transportation were identified and now can be resolved through the planning process. As the participants became more involved at the community level, their interest in and knowledge of the environment increased. The systems of community participation and environmental immersion reinforced on the other much like a feedback loop, stabilizing an otherwise disconnected community, bringing about an equilibrium that provides an enriching and diverse environment where all its citizens are better connected and more equipped to live well in their environment.

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Mutenda, Tapfumaneyi. "Community participatory design in the information systems development process in Africa: a systemic literature review." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13220.

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Participatory design (PO) pertains to the different ways of incorporating ideas and acts of organisational members in designing, developing and evaluating an Information Systems (IS) artefact. The context of this study is community organisations in African settings participating in the designing and developing of an IS artefact. The study traces and synthesises findings from 95 articles on community PO in Information Systems Development in Africa. It argues that community PO consists of vast diverse constructs and implementations. This produced and reproduced concept is formulated in five major themes of: conceptualisations; ethics; standards; checks and balances and approaches; and perspectives and methodologies of PD. The themes constitute the possible ways of classifying PO research and practice in African settings. The results demonstrate that there is a wide belief that participation is one of the vital ingredients necessary for successful designing of IS artefacts for human development. However, the different elements involved in PO involve much discussion on what is known and needs to be known about PO and how to achieve the desired results by PD. The study uses Critical Research philosophy to pay special attention to the behavioural and attitudinal arguments of the different PO practices on community organisations. The researcher found Design Science (OS) principles that centre on devising an artefact as appropriate to frame this work. In sum, through the use of Critical Research and a OS lens, the researcher found that community participation is important in designing a useful IS artefact, but treacherous if misunderstood and inappropriately implemented.

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Dias, José Manuel Silveira. "Popping up." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/17629.

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Tese de Doutoramento em Design, com a especialização em Design apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Doutor.
Na transição da sociedade da Terceira Revolução Industrial para a Sociedade do Conhecimento e da Informação, existe necessidade de compreender melhor o mundo. Da sociedade de ativos tangíveis, remanescente da economia de bens materiais e capitalismo industrial, transita-se para a sociedade do conhecimento, com ambição de construção de uma compreensão própria do mundo, que interprete fenómenos promovendo desenvolvimento mais responsável. Uma investigação contribui para o conhecimento quando identifica um problema significante, empreendedor, operacional e mensurável nos seus objetivos. Deve ainda antever crescimento e transformações sustentáveis no tempo e reconhecer possibilidades criativas para atingir objetivos com menor dispêndio e maior rendimento. Estes atributos são pensados em conjunto e interligados, almejando resultados capazes de dialogar e negociar com o real. Estas operações aplicam lógica de organização do pensamento e modelos para reflexão crítica sobre coisas do mundo do ser humano. No domínio da efemeridade, a construção concetual do POP UP delimita o seu ciclo de vida por antecipação, revelando potencial catalisador da prática participativa, onde é pensada como projeto. Estimula participação entre criadores que orientam e utilizadores que experimentam, promovendo ações que estabelecem relações entre intervenientes, acrescentando valor e significado e concretizando a intenção primordial do Design de resolver problemas. A questão em investigação foi formulada do seguinte modo: como é que o conceito POP UP, com as suas qualidades de revelação, contaminação, mobilidade e estratagema, poderá consolidar a sua aceção concetual enquanto modelo catalisador de atuação responsável. Conduziu-se a orientação e boa prática do conceito, desenhando-se um modelo concetual que incentivasse atuação interdisciplinar, criativa e participativa de otimização do processo em Design. Para verificação da hipótese de investigação, estabeleceu-se metodologia de investigação ativa, de observação direta e trabalho de campo, encetando-se trabalho experimental com grupos de amostra para desenvolver o modelo, posteriormente objeto de avaliação em estratégia metodológica de auscultação por painel de especialistas. Estabeleceu-se uma metodologia mista, não intervencionista e intervencionista de base qualitativa. Em sentido restrito, este projeto de investigação defende que o produto produz produtores que produzam o produto, desenhando um modelo de transformação circular sustentador do processo em Design. Em sentido amplo, a concetualização do modelo ambiciona inspirar a inteligência colaborativa por experimentação participativa, propondo novas dinâmicas sociais através dessa prática e promovendo a recuperação dos sentidos comunitário, económico e excecional no quotidiano.
ABSTRACT: In the transition from society of the Third Industrial Revolution to the Society of Knowledge and Information, there is a need to understand the world better. From the society of tangible assets, reminiscent of the economy of material goods and industrial capitalism, one moves to the knowledge society, with the ambition of constructing a proper understanding of the world, which interprets phenomena promoting more responsible development. An investigation contributes to knowledge when it identifies a significant, entrepreneurial, operational and measurable problem in its objectives. It must also foresee sustainable growth and transformation over time and recognize creative possibilities to achieve goals with lower expenditure and higher income. These attributes are thought together and interconnected, aiming at results capable of dialogue and negotiation with the real. These operations apply logic of organization of thought and models for critical reflection on things in the world of the human being. In the field of ephemerality, the conceptual construction of POP UP delimits its life cycle by anticipation, revealing the catalysing potential of participatory practice, where it is thought as a project. It stimulates participation between creators who guide and users who experiment, promoting actions that establish relationships among stakeholders, adding value and meaning and achieving the primary intention of Design to solve problems. The research question was formulated as follows: how the POP UP concept, with its qualities of revelation, contamination, mobility and stratagem, could consolidate its conceptual meaning as a catalyst for responsible action. The orientation and good practice of the concept was guided by designing a conceptual model that would encourage an interdisciplinary, creative and participative action to optimize the Design process. In order to verify the research hypothesis, a methodology was established for active research, direct observation and fieldwork. Experimental work was carried out with sample groups to develop the model, which was subsequently object of evaluation in the methodological strategy of auscultation by expert panel. A mixed, non-interventionist and interventionist qualitative methodology was established. In a narrow sense, this research project argues that the product produces producers who produce the product, designing a model of circular transformation that sustains the process in Design. In a broad sense, the model's ambition is to inspire collaborative intelligence through participatory experimentation, proposing new social dynamics through this practice and promoting the recovery of the community, economic and exceptional senses in everyday life.
N/A

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Vaitkevičius, Kazimieras. "Piliečių įtraukimas į viešųjų sprendimų priėmimą: dalyvavimas sudarant biudžetą (participatory budgeting)." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130205_095018-22542.

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Magistro baigiamajame darbe atskleidžiama dalyvaujamojo biudžeto samprata ir vystymosi eiga, finansiniu aspektu išanalizuoti dalyvaujamojo biudžeto ypatumai. Įvertinta piliečių įtraukimo į biudžeto procesą ir dalyvaujamojo biudžeto esama situacija ir jos tobulinimo galimybes Lietuvos savivaldybėse. Pirmame skyriuje analizuojama demokratijos bei politinio dalyvavimo teorija. Atskleidžiama dalyvaujamojo biudžeto samprata, privalumai, trūkumai. Nagrinėjamas dalyvaujamojo biudžeto metodo susikūrimas ir vystymasis. Antrame skyriuje analizuojamos su dalyvaujamojo biudžeto procesu susiję kaštai, biudžeto pajamos ir išlaidos, pateikiama metodo ekonominė nauda. Trečiame skyriuje pateikiamos tyrimo prielaidos ir ekspertinės apklausos duomenų analizė.
Master's thesis reveals the participatory budget concept and development stages, analyze the financial aspect of the participatory budget features. Estimated situation of Citizen participation in the budget process, participatory budget and development opportunities for Lithuanian municipalities. The first section examines democracy and political participation theory. Analyze the participatory budget concept, advantages and disadvantages. Study the method of participatory budget, how has it emerged and its development. The second chapter analyzes the participatory budget process related costs, revenues and expenses, the economic benefits of the method. The third section presents the research assumptions and expert survey data analysis.

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Senabre, Hidalgo Enric. "Co-creation for transdisciplinarity - Adoption of participatory design and agile project management in collaborative research processes." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668172.

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Aquest projecte doctoral explora mètodes de cocreació aplicats a la recerca transdisciplinària. En el context de la societat de la informació, la col·laboració en recerca ha crescut en popularitat entre els equips científics, sota molts enfocaments i formes. Entre aquests, la transdisciplinarietat representa un tipus específic d'activitat científica col·laborativa. La investigació transdisciplinària va més enllà de la col·laboració d'experts de diferents disciplines, ja que també pot involucrar no experts i comunitats no científiques per abordar de manera integral diferents qüestions i problemàtiques, com és el cas de la ciència ciutadana o la recerca acció. La transdisciplinarietat implica processos de recerca complexos i nous desafiaments, com la forma d'abordar la diversitat dels participants, especialment per planificar i gestionar projectes. Aquesta tesi, articulada al voltant d'un compendi de publicacions, explora fins a quin punt i en quina mesura les metodologies de cocreació poden contribuir a abordar aquests desafiaments, en diferents contextos i fases de la recerca transdisciplinària.
Este proyecto de doctorado explora métodos de cocreación aplicados a la investigación transdisciplinaria. En el contexto de la sociedad de la información, la colaboración en investigación ha crecido en popularidad entre equipos científicos, bajo muchos enfoques y formas. Entre ellos, la transdisciplinariedad representa un tipo específico de actividad científica colaborativa. La investigación transdisciplinaria va más allá de la colaboración de expertos de diferentes disciplinas, ya que también puede involucrar a no expertos y comunidades no científicas para abordar de manera integral diferentes cuestiones y problemáticas, como en el caso de la ciencia ciudadana o la investigación acción. La transdisciplinariedad implica procesos de investigación complejos y nuevos desafíos, como la forma de abordar la diversidad de los participantes, especialmente para planificar y gestionar proyectos. Esta tesis explora hasta qué punto y en qué medida las metodologías de cocreación pueden contribuir a abordar estos desafíos, en diferentes contextos y fases de la investigación transdisciplinaria.
Collaborative research in the network society has taken on a number of approaches and forms and has grown in popularity among scientific teams. One specific example of this is transdisciplinary research, which not only depends on the collaboration of experts from different disciplines, but also turns to non-experts and non-scientific communities of stakeholders in order to holistically address a range of different problems and issues, as is the case with citizen science and action research. Transdisciplinarity encompasses complex research processes and faces new challenges, such as how to deal with participant diversity, especially in terms of project planning and management. This doctoral thesis, founded upon a compendium of previous research, explores if and to what extent co-creation methodologies can aid in overcoming these challenges in different contexts and phases of transdisciplinary research.

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Nurmi, Laura. "The Power of Storytelling - How can everyday conversations transform participatory processes in architecture and community building?" Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22152.

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Vardagliga konversationer kan sätta igång deltagande processer, men kan samtidigt också innebära ett hot mot normativa professionella praktiker. Min studie undersöker kommunikation och narrativa metoder i ett internationellt utvecklingssamarbete. Undersökningen observerar de möjligheter berättelser kan ha för biståndsprojekt och syftet är att framföra betydelsen av vardagshistorierna i beslutstagandet. Jag bestämde mig för att konstruera en fallstudie om slumområdet Kibera i Nairobi där olika organisationer arbetar med samhällsbyggande. Min avsikt var att jämföra två olika datakällor från Kibera för att undersöka vilka möjligheter lokalbefolkningens berättelser och vardagshistorier bjuder på. Missförstånd mellan olika aktörer uppstår eftersom individer upplever världen på olika sätt och detta gör fallstudien av Kibera intressant att undersöka. Genom att jämföra två olika narrativa källor, med hjälp av olika teoretiker, är det möjligt att visa orsakerna till varför det existerar en klyfta mellan experterna och den lokala befolkningen. Studien utnyttjar en fallstudiemetod, eftersom målet är att etablera en djupare förståelse för hur vardagsberättelser kan förbättra kommunikationen inom design och internationellt biståndsarbete. Efter en noggrann innehållsanalys av olika källor är det möjligt att konstatera att narrativa metoder skapar en bättre förutsättning för internationella biståndsprojekt och dessutom en starkare relation mellan internationella aktörer och utsatta lokala grupper. Vardagsberättelser skapar en naturlig omgivning för aktörer att uttrycka deras tankar och önskemål.
Everyday conversations can simultaneously be a spark for participatory processes and a threat to normative professional practices. My study examines communication practices and narrative methods in a development work context. The study observes the opportunities storytelling can bring to development projects and aims to highlight the importance of everyday narratives in decision-making processes. In order to explore the possibilities storytelling and everyday narratives bring to the table, I decided to build a case around Kibera slum area in Nairobi, where different actors are operating with community building, and compare their narratives. Stakeholders inevitably experience reality differently, which leads to disconnections and misunderstandings, and this makes the case study of Kibera interesting - by comparing the narratives of the two data sources from Kibera with the help of different theorists, it is possible to reveal the underlying reasons why a gap of connection exists between the different stakeholders. A case study research strategy is necessary in order to understand more profoundly how storytelling as a participatory tool can improve communication in design and development practice. After careful content analysis of different data sources, it is possible to conclude that using narrative methods to establish connections between foreign experts and vulnerable local communities builds a better foundation for development projects; storytelling creates a neutral setting where different stakeholders can find a way to express their thoughts and desires naturally.

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50

Tollin, Nicola. "A resilience transition for sustainable urban development : a process design methodology to support participatory decision making." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/336675.

Full text

Abstract:

Actualmente, más del 50% de la población mundial vive en áreas urbanas (75% en EU), y las ciudades concentran entre un 60-80% del consumo energético global y el mismo porcentaje de las emisiones de GEI CO2. Así mismo, producen el 50% de residuos a nivel global, consumen 75% de los recursos naturales y concentran el 80% del PIB (UNEP-DTIE, 2013). -El cambio climático tiene el potencial de influir casi el total de los componentes del medio urbano y genera nuevos y complejos retos para la calidad de vida, la salud y la biodiversidad urbanas. Algunas ciudades experimentarán sequías y elevadas temperaturas. Otras podrían experimentar inundaciones. El cambio climático afectará muchos aspectos de la vida en una ciudad, desde la calidad del aire, hasta los patrones de consumo. La UE ha puesto en marcha ambiciosas políticas e iniciativas para promover soluciones sobre el terreno, entre las que se incluyen iniciativas para aumentar la resiliencia y promover tanto las energías renovables como las tecnologías de baja emisión de carbono. (EC, 2015). Las ciudades ya han comenzado a desarrollar políticas, planes y acciones específicas para la mitigación o la adaptación al cambio climático, y un relativamente pequeño pero creciente número de ellas, se encuentran liderando pioneros enfoques integrados basados en la resiliencia, que buscan responder a los retos presentados por la incertidumbre y la imprevisible naturaleza de los fenómenos que se abordan, lo cual se ve aunado a una falta de conocimiento especializado en cambio climático, en términos de investigación, evaluación, métodos, herramientas y habilidades de planeación. (EU, 2013). Haciendo una revisión en torno a los principios clave del desarrollo sostenible y a los retos clave a nivel urbano, tales como el cambio global ambiental y climático, aquí se presenta una metodología para el diseño de un proceso de transición hacia la resiliencia urbana. La metodología está basada en la amplia participación de los tomadores de decisiones, siguiendo los principios de co-diseño y co-evolución. El elemento más innovador de la metodología está relacionado con su contribución en términos de la teoría de la planeación y las prácticas para la resiliencia urbana a través de escalas tanto temporales como espaciales, lo cual se encuentra poco desarrollado actualmente. Además, el enfoque participativo del proceso de diseño redefine el rol de los planificadores aportando una perspectiva más amplia, no más como demiurgo, sino como un facilitador en los procesos de diseño y El objetivo original de la tesis, es el desarrollo de una metodología para la evaluación integrada del desarrollo urbano sostenible, expandido y ampliado para abordar la necesidad que existe, como se prueba tanto en la existencia de literatura científica como de documentos de políticas de la UE y de la ONU, de encontrar nuevas formas y métodos para la planeación en términos de resiliencia urbana, vista como un proceso dinámico y continuo de adaptación de la ciudad que permita un balance entre la necesidad de reducir el riesgo y la de innovar, todo ello para aumentar el bienestar de los ciudadanos a través de la co-evolución basada en procesos de planeación participativa. El resultado obtenido es una metodología de diseño de procesos completamente funcional para la transición hacia la resiliencia urbana, incluyendo un enfoque sistémico y un método de evaluación integrada de la sostenibilidad, el cual ha sido desarrollado desde su concepción a un Nivel de Preparación Tecnológica 7-8, finalmente incluyendo una demostración del prototipo del sistema en un ambiente operativo.
Today over 50% of world population lives in urban areas (75% in EU), and cities account for 60-80% of global energy consumption and the same share of GHG CO2, producing 50% of global waste, consuming 75% of natural resources and producing 80% of global GDP. (UNEP-DTIE, 2013) ¿Climate change has the potential to influence almost all components of the urban environment and raises new, complex challenges for quality of urban life, health and urban biodiversity. Some cities will experience droughts and increased temperatures. Others may experience floods. Climate change will affect many aspects of urban living from air quality to consumption patterns. The EU has put in place ambitious policies and initiatives to promoting solutions on the ground. These include initiatives to increase resilience and promote renewable energies and low-carbon technologies. (EC, 2015) Cities have already started to develop specific mitigation or adaption or risk policies/plans/actions; and a relatively small but growing number of them are now pioneering an integrated approach urban resilience based, facing challenges related uncertainty and unpredictability of the phenomena they are addressing, and ultimately suffering for a lack of knowledge in terms of research, evaluation methods/tools and planning skills. (EU, 2013) Following a review of sustainable development principles and key urban challenges, as climate and global environmental changes, it is here presented a process design methodology for urban resilience transition. The methodology is based on broad stakeholders' participation, following co-design and co-evolution principles. The most innovative element of the process design methodology is related to the contribution in terms of planning theory and practices for urban resilience, cross-scale both in time and space, which is currently very little understood and developed. Furthermore the participatory process design approach re-define the role of planner in a wider perspective, not any longer as demiurges, but as facilitator of planning and design processes. The original objective of the thesis, to develop a methodology for integrated evaluation of sustainable urban development, was expanded and broadened to address the very needed request, as proven by both existence of scientific literature and EU/UN policy document, for new forms and methodology of planning addressing urban resilience, as a dynamic process of continuous adaptation of cities balancing between the need to reduce risk and to innovate, ultimately to increase well-being urban citizens, through co-evolution based participatory planning processes. The results is a fully working process design methodology for urban resilient transition, including the original system thinking approach and embedded with an integrated evaluation of sustainability system, which has been developed from inception to a Technology Readiness Level 7-8, finally including the system prototype demonstration in operational environment.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Participatory Processe'

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