Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Participation politique – États-Unis'
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Le, Texier Emmanuelle. "Immigration, exclusion et participation des Mexicains aux Etats-Unis : le barrio mexicain de San Diego (barrio Logan), Californie." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004IEPP0038.
Full textNoreau, Pierre. "Groupes sociaux minoritaires, action collective et participation politique : éléments pour l'interprétation du processus d'institutionnalisation et de récupération des mobilisations contemporaines." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991IEPP0012.
Full textThis thesis proposes a subjective interpretation model to interpret the institutionalization process of minority social movements. It analyses the development of the opposing relationships between, on one hand, the associations that pretend to mobilize and represent the interest of a given minority, and, on the other hand, traditional members of the polity. It presents a set of eight complementary strategic patterns explaining the actors' calculations and of the foreseeable outcome of their conflict. The main conclusion of the thesis is that institutionalization of minority movements generally can only be acquired against significant compromises. This thesis is a first step toward a theory of political harnessing
Hernandez, Julie. "ReNew Orleans ? : Résilience urbaine, mobilisation civique et création d’un « capital de reconstruction » à la Nouvelle-Orléans après Katrina." Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100224.
Full textHurricane Katrina and its consequences in New Orleans called for a shift in the usual perspectives of urban geography regarding American cities. This thesis analyses the latter’s vulnerabilities to understand how they made possible what has been called in the media "a Third World catastrophe within the world’s most powerful country". "Katrina" is here understood as catalyzing and revealing the social, economic, political and environmental issues tearing apart the urban fabric of U. S metropolises. I propose to demonstrate how these vulnerabilities replayed after the storm through the long and chaotic recovery process. Based on extended participant observations fieldwork conducted in the immediate months and years following Hurricane Katrina, this research analyses how urban "resilience" in New Orleans translated into a long yet silent disaster, whose landscapes and spatial inequalities are reminiscent of the urban crisis affecting former industrial cities of the United States. Bureaucratic confusion and the spectacular phenomenon of civic engagement in the bottom-up recovery process explain the various trajectories of selected New Orleans’ neighborhoods, whose communities produced what I propose to call a more or less efficient "recovery capital", while outlining the concrete and theoretical limits of such notions as social capital and participative urban development
Zarate, Pérez Anibal Rafael. "L'indépendance des autorités de concurrence, analyse comparative, Colombie, France, Etats-Unis." Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020031/document.
Full textAlthough Competition Agencies‘ independence is commonly explained through the necessity of objective expert decision-making, such necessity is not sufficient to legitimize their isolation from the government. Absent of democratic foundations and in apparent contradiction with the principle of Separation of Powers, "Independent" Competition Agencies attain their legitimacy from the conjunction of multiple institutional guarantees, control mechanisms and procedures, none of which may overshadow the others. Any effort to determine the role that the idea of independence plays in the institutional design of Colombian competition agencies requires an examination of these guarantees and mechanisms, as well as a comparison of their status to that of French and American agencies; whose institutional arrangement has influenced the constitution of Colombian authorities. Whilst the components of the independence vary in every analyzed jurisdiction (as there is not a unique institutional scheme of ―Independent‖ Agency), this study reveals that certain institutional guarantees recognized to agencies in France and in the United States, which grant them vast discretionary decision-making power, are not present in the specific case of Colombian agencies. Assuring a higher level of independence for Colombian competition authorities, by conferring them some of these guarantees, lean on a simultaneous effort to reinforce control mechanisms, procedures and instruments for citizen participation in the regulatory process. The construction of the independence of Competition Agencies – in both its organizational and functional dimensions – commands the design of institutional constraints. Maintaining a balance over these constraints to agency discretion not only constitutes a source of legitimacy, but equally becomes an effective means to safeguard their independence from external factors
Mallet, Marie-laure. "Analyse comparative des relations entre les communautés latinos de Miami, Los Angeles and Boston." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040077.
Full textThis dissertation examines the cohesion of Latino groups in American society. It analyses the influence of intra-community relations on the integration of Latinos in American society and deconstructs the representation of Latino communities perceived as a monolithic group allowing to determine to what extent these relationships lead to different assimilation paths. In particular, it shows the differential impact of the relationships between different Latino communities on their integration into American society and investigates the influence of the context of reception on the socio-economic integration of different Latino groups, policies and practices, and, more generally, their political clout.The choice of cities as diverse as Miami, Los Angeles and Boston highlights the importance of the urban context on the formation of relationships between the different Latino groups, and its influence on their integration into American society, as measured by the group strategies that Latinos adopt and their political participation.This analysis is crucial to the understanding of the complex interactions between Latino groups whose relationships are a major challenge, as they allow to anticipate the future of ethnic relations in the United States. This perspective opens to a broader sociological context which may help better comprehend the political and economic issues that the United States will confront in topics such as integration, immigration and representation in the coming decades
Ferradou, Mathieu. ""Aux États-Unis de France et d'Irlande" : circulations révolutionnaires entre France et Irlande à l'époque de la République atlantique." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. https://ecm.univ-paris1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/7d22394b-42e4-413a-b621-060974c5ca6f.
Full textWith the advent of the republic in France in the summer of 1792, the revolutionary potential initiated by the upheaval of 1789 suddenly exploded in Ireland. In a context of rising popular discontent led by the United Irishmen and the Defenders in Ireland, the Irish exiles in Paris also embraced the republic, first at the micro-local scale of the Irish College in Paris of which the students took control in a fleeting but highly significant moment, the ‘République au Collège’, then at the ‘festin patriotique’, a gathering of all the Atlantic revolutionary galaxy, but most notably of the ‘citizens’ of the Three Kingdoms. These two events initiated a process of personal engagement for each of the protagonists and a transnational revolutionary dynamic through the project of establishing the ‘Republic of the United States of France and Ireland’. This commitment and this dynamic were extant throughout the activities, both public and covert, of the Society of the English, Scottish and Irish at Paris or Société des Amis des Droits de l’Homme (SADH). They contributed, because of the collaboration between France and the SADH, to spark the war between England and France. The dialectic between the republican and counter-republican dynamics in the context of the French Wars led the protagonists of the Republic of the United States of France and Ireland to pursue and further define their project in an astonishing continuity between 1792 and 1798. While this republic project varied in its forms and modalities due to the changing political and geopolitical context, it reached its apex with the Franco-Irish expeditions of 1796 and 1798. Following the paths of twenty eight Irish republican patriots, and examining their networks of sociability and circulations, enable to question the motivations and forms of political engagement, in the perspective of a social history of political ideas, i.e. by studying the transition from words to acts, which depends on the circumstances and on the social environment. In the dialectic between Counter-Revolution and Revolution, this engagement leads to a process of ‘radicalisation’. By doing so, this dissertation aims at questioning the prevailing historiography of the 1790s in Ireland, by replacing it in its context of revolutionary synergies and by exploring the concept of the Atlantic Republic, thereby offering a new take on the process of popular politicisation in Ireland
Makaya, mandembe engouang Yves. "La dynamique de la participation électorale : effets conjoncturels et dispositifs de mobilisation aux élections présidentielles françaises (2007), américaines (2008) et aux élections fédérales canadiennes (2008)." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAH029/document.
Full textWhat does the increase of the voter turnout in the 2007 French and the 2008 American presidential election mean? With the French, American and Canadian surveys, we highlight the changes in the political attitude of the citizens occurred in recent years. The voters are now practicing an intermittent and selective voting. This changing political behavior reflects a growing individualization values in politics. They are making their mind up from an assessment of the electoral issues positions, an evolution of the meaning of the vote and, a priorization of elections. Voters are not leaving the polling stations, they are only choosing to participate in different way. More educated, autonomous and critical, the citizens require deep changes in the political evaluations. So, by winning number of votes, candidates have to adapt their strategical plan of actions by including the individualized behavior of the citizens : structuring the political party, modernizing the electoral campaigns, promoting a membership “à la carte”, developing new forms of political engagement, and using the Internet. Everything is done to increase the individualized citizens vote
Shitikova, Karina. "Productivity gains decomposition and distribution of the price effects among stakeholders." Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1A006/document.
Full textThe financial performance of a firm depends both on its productive efficiency and the economic environment in which this firm performs its activity. This thesis adds to the literature by developing new links between productive efficiency, financial performance and productivity gains distribution. Namely, this doctoral thesis contributes in the three following ways. First, we propose an original way on how to decompose the profit gaps among firms at the cross-sectional level taking into account their productive inefficiency and then relating these productivity-based gaps to the price advantages/disadvantages of the firm’s stakeholders. Second, we define an indicator of price environment for a firm comparing its distance to the volume- and value-based efficiency frontier. These price environment effects were computed for US industries from 1987 to 2014. Third, we suggest a decomposition of the overall technical inefficiency of firms at the aggregated level into two components: individual technical and individual structural inefficiencies. This essay tends to show that generation of productivity gains and their distribution are two sides of the same coin. The former is related to the economic analysis of TFP based on the estimation of a production technology while the latter deals with an accounting approach of business performance
Harbour, Steeve. "Le Travailleur, les Franco-Américains de Worcester, Massachusetts, et la Deuxième Guerre mondiale." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28620.
Full textCollette, Elodie. "Motivations et incitations dans les politiques de gestion des ressources humaines : le cas des entreprises à but non lucratif, non-profit organizations, aux États-unis." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010024.
Full textThe purpose of this research is to propose a positive analysis of motivations and incentives in npo in the usa. We define motivation as a result of four forces in interaction (individual needs and expectations, collective atmosphere, organization characteristics, and environment constraints). We have also define two incentives' methods, one at given preferences and one which has a direct effect on the manipulation of preferences. While studying wages and compensations in npo, we try to test the accuracy of two hypothesis (wage donation and discrimination). In term of organizational differenciation, npo are specific in their attention to loyalty (as a combination of exit and voice) and the importance of the role of the entrepreneur
Jabouin, Evens. "Entre péripéties, luttes et participations : l'émigration des Haïtiens en Floride et en région parisienne au cours du vingtième siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0044.
Full textWhen one mentions the question of the emigration of the Haitians throughout the world, one of the recurrent themes relating to it is that it is almost systematically associated with the years 1960, and more particularly with the advent of Papa Doc to the power in Haiti. As for the favored destinations of the Haitians, there is another recurrent theme which consists of presenting Miami as the bastion of the poor boat people, whereas Paris is regarded as the destination of a more elite Haitian migration or of the persecuted political actors. This study intends to show that what seemed true in Paris during the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century has not been the case for already a few decades. Going back to the first wave of emigration towards Cuba in the years 1910, it shows that the emigration of the Haitians precedes Duvalier, and examines the issue relating to the hosting and the settlement of recent waves of Haitian immigrants in France, in the United States and elsewhere. Regarded as undesirable, they were received rather unfavorably in their respective countries of reception. Nevertheless, recently, the Haitians abroad are shifting from their status of the undesirable poor to that of an influential and respectable group. In Florida today, the Haitians have come to be an important municipal players, elected to the head city institutions which has long been inaccessible to them. In the Paris region, the Haitians have not had equivalent electoral and political success, because they are less visible socially. But they have been, in recent years, part for a very encouraging sociocultural dynamic
Demoulin, Claire. "Hollywood Transatlantique : traversées visuelles, culturelles et sociales dans les films biographiques de William Dieterle (1936-1942)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021PA080023.
Full textThis dissertation focuses on a corpus of biographical films, directed by German-born filmmaker William Dieterle in Hollywood between 1936 and 1942. It examines the multifaceted relationships between the Studio System in which the director worked, the growing feeling of danger in the period that led up to the United States’ entry into the war, and the genre of biographical pictures that developed at the time. Because this film cycle was produced in a historical context marked by exile and deep political crises, its analysis brings out the central role played by migration —and the intermediaries and networks it entailed— in the transatlantic cultural transfers that contributed to the development of Western narratives shared by both sides of the Atlantic. The iconographic, formal, and discursive analysis of these films highlights the processes of cultural hybridization that contributed to the syncretism of European and American referents, and through which Paul Ehrlich and Florence Nightingale are reborn as progressive heroes and defenders of America. It is through a formal face-to-face encounter with audiences of the 1930s and 1940s —by means of direct address to the camera— that these reenactments of the past plea for the universality and timelessness of the struggles they seek to convey ; the biographical mode is used in this encounter as a strategy to circumvent censorship and to ward off, via entertainment, the collapse of political expression. The primary goal of this dissertation is to question the interactions between cinema and society and to examine the relationships between social spheres and the making of these films, both for the films’ portrayals of societal transformations of the era and for the types of social and political intervention that they created
Krikorian, Gaëlle. "La propriété ou la vie ? : économies morales, actions collectives et politiques du médicament dans la négociation d'accords de libre-échange : Maroc, Thaïlande, États-Unis." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0035.
Full textAt the beginning of the years 2000, the United States of America launch a séries of negotiation for bilatéral trade agreements. The issue of intellectual property and of its impact on access to medicines, raised during previous multilatéral negotiations at the WTO, corne to the surface again, under the pressure of an AIDS épidémie still expending. Based on field work conducted in three countries, the United States of America, Morocco and Thailand, I propose a sociological analysis of the way health and access to medicines are taken into account in the context of the negotiations of Free Trade Agreements. Thèse negotiations, taken here as a stratégie site to study processes of the current globalization, are the scène of the expression of a conflict between defenders of access to medicines and promoters of intellectual property. The démonstration of the complexity of the interactions between social actors shows that the issue can not be reduced to the unequivocal imposition of norms and rules by the United States of America : it is on the contrary the result of power relations and influences, always embedded into spécifie contexts. The historicisation of the conflict and its analysis through the use of the tools provided by the sociology of social movements demonstrate that it reflects the deployment of two mirror non governmental collective actions aiming at opposite goals and looking at influencing the production of State's positions and politics. Beyond the purely materialistic dimension of the impossibility of populations in poor countries to access the medicines that they need, collective actions resort on moral motives to articulate politically their demands. A compétition between moral économies develops locally as well as globally ; it characterizes a contemporary way to do politics
Tollis, Claire. "Bien gérer les "espaces de nature", une éthique du faire avec : propositions pour une géographie des Associations hétérogènes." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00814246.
Full textBrasier, Justin. "Les contributions financières individuelles lors d'une course électorale aux États-Unis." Mémoire, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4288/1/M12237.pdf.
Full textTremblay, Karine. "Analyse comparative du processus décisionnel des gouvernements Roosevelt et King entourant leur participation à la conférence d'Évian de 1938." Mémoire, 2007. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/696/1/M10149.pdf.
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