Academic literature on the topic 'Participants' experience'

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Journal articles on the topic "Participants' experience"

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Žagar, Dejan, Matija Svetina, Tanja Brcko, Marko Perkovič, Franc Dimc, and Andrej Košir. "Analysis of Marine-Pilot Biometric Data Recordings during Port-Approach Using a Full-Mission Simulator." Sensors 22, no. 7 (March 31, 2022): 2701. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22072701.

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The purpose of this study is to analyse data from the marine pilots’ bio-sensor readings to determine how experience affects their biometrical response during the port approach. The experiences play a significant role in the participant’s decision-making process and correlate with the repetitions. Through the repetitions of the experimental task, the participants gain experience, which correlates with the biometrical response, e.g., heart rate, electrodermal activity, etc. After exposing the two experience-distinct groups of participants to the same simulated port-approaching task, their collected biometric data is analysed and discussed. The results show that biometrical readings of the less experienced participants typically vary compared to that of the experienced participants, who take the simulated task more seriously. The study also yields insight into the workload process, involving disturbing factors during the task.
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Bhavar, Dr Tushar D. "Experience of Participants about ACLS workshop at Rural Medical College." Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research 05, no. 06 (June 22, 2017): 23765–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i6.159.

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Alexiou, Melissa-Vasiliki. "Modeling guided tour participants’ experiences." International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research 12, no. 3 (August 6, 2018): 257–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcthr-10-2017-0104.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of the experience economy and co-creation concepts on guided tours (GTs) and to analyze the process of the on-site (co-)creation of experience between the service provider and the consumer taking into account the consumer perspective.Design/methodology/approachThe objective of the study is fulfilled by reviewing the literature on experience economy and co-creation within a cultural heritage context and then using it to design appropriate research tools to collect empirical data through qualitative interviews within the context of a single case study. The Medieval Town of Rhodes (MTR), Greece, serves as the case in this study. In fact, this study analyzes primary data from 25 interviews with participants in GTs in the MTR.FindingsThe GT participant’s views of their GT experience were explored, and it was evaluated whether they fit any of the three generations of experience economy with an emphasis on co-creation of experience. The findings show that, in the MTR-GT services, the characteristics of mainly the first and second generation experience economies are found, while little emphasis is given to the third generation experience economy. Based on the empirical results, the RIF model (R: “Resources,” I: “Interactions,” F: “Feelings”) was created: this proposes that both the process of experience co-creation and optimal GT experiences are realized by providing participants with appropriate resources, multiple types of interactions and opportunities to generate positive and pleasant feelings. This model illustrates the intertwining, multi-dimensional facets of an optimal co-created GT experience that service providers and tour operators should provide to their customers.Research limitations/implicationsThe present study has several limitations that need to be mentioned. First, this research is a single case study; the MTR serves as the case, focusing on one cultural heritage service, GTs. This fact can put the study’s validity in question. Moreover, as the research is conducted by a single person, there is the risk of subjective bias. Another limitation is that this study is not a longitudinal one; the latter could lead to more accurate findings. The number and the nationality of participants constitute the 4th and final limitation of the research. More specifically, the sample is not perceived to be representative of the population nor generalizable, while visitors from more nationalities could have been interviewed. In relation to this, the judgmental sampling method was used because the population of the study could not be defined. This serves as the fifth limitation of the study.Practical implicationsTour operators and tour guides can exploit the characteristics of GT activities included in the proposed RIF model. By incorporating these elements in GT experiences, the process of experience co-creation could be effectively supported. An optimal GT experience that incorporates intertwining and multi-dimensional facets could be provided. To begin with, the physical setting where the tour takes place must be well preserved, so that it can capture the attention of the participants. The route of the tour should not be exhausting but convenient for all participants and should include various landscapes. On the other hand, tour guides should provide interesting, relevant and cohesive information. Moreover, a tour guide needs to display charismatic behavior to gain the tour group’s trust and generate positive feelings impressing and immersing participants in the experience and encouraging in them a sense of togetherness. Within the context of the tour, tangible elements such as brochures and maps should be provided, allowing vistors to tailor the experience according to their needs and preferences. Furthermore, interaction between the guide and the tour group, as well as among the participants themselves, should be encouraged. In relation to this, the tour group could be divided into sub-groups according to common features such as age. The guides could also come up with a topic to be jointly discussed and participatory activities such as games could be organized. Finally, participants should have some freedom during the tour; time to explore the setting on their own or a visit to specific places on request.Originality/valueThe originality of the paper lies in the development of the RIF model, illustrating the on-site optimal experience within the context of GTs taking place in the MTR, the setting of the research. The construction of the RIF model was based on an investigation into actual GT participant’s perspectives on GTs.
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Yoon, Hyejin, Catherin Song, Myunghee Ha, and Chulwon Kim. "Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Virtual Korean Wave Experience: Perspective on Experience Economy." Sustainability 14, no. 22 (November 10, 2022): 14806. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142214806.

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This study examined the effect of four dimensions (i.e., the experience of education, entertainment, aesthetics, and escape) of the experience economy on participants’ attachment values toward tourism places in the context of the virtual Korean Wave experience during the COVID-19 pandemic. It also tested the relationship between attachment values and continuous immersion intention in virtual reality. An online survey was conducted on Asian people who experienced the Korean Wave culture, and 387 questionnaires were completed. Statistical analyses were used to establish the relationship between experiences, satisfaction, and continuous immersion intention comprising descriptive analysis, explanatory factor analyses, and multiple regression analysis. The result showed that the virtual Korean Wave (entertainment, educational, aesthetic, and escapism experience) significantly impacted participants’ attachment values. The meaningful virtual experiences would provide new insights into enhancing participants’ attachment to tourist places. There is little research examining the cultural experience and the attachment values of online users within the experience economy, despite the emergence and continuation of the novel coronavirus, which has led to many challenges in social, economic, technological, and medical systems’ lifestyles
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Schmidt, Margaret. "Learning From Teaching Experience: Dewey’s Theory and Preservice Teachers’ Learning." Journal of Research in Music Education 58, no. 2 (June 30, 2010): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022429410368723.

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Teachers often claim that they learn more from teaching experience than from course work. In this qualitative study, the author explored the value that six preservice teachers attributed to peer teaching, early field experiences, student teaching, and self-arranged teaching experiences engaged in during their university education. Consistent with Dewey’s theory of experience, as the participants interacted with their teaching experiences, they each created continuity among and derived their own meanings from them. This individualized aspect of learning was enriched as they also experienced the value of learning within a community of educators. Meaningful learning from all types of teaching experience appeared to be fostered by a balance between doing (action) and undergoing (reflection), both individually and in community. Dewey’s theory of experience proved useful in illuminating possible reasons for similarities and differences in the teaching experiences that each participant valued.
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Jeong Mi, Lim, Lim Soo Woen, and Oh Hyun Ok. "The Virtual Reality Experience and Leisure Experience of Screen Horse Riding Participants: from the ‘Simulation’ point of view by Boudrillard." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.33 (August 29, 2018): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.33.21019.

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This study aims to gain depth understanding of the virtual reality experience experienced by screen riding, to analyze in depth and interpret from the perspective of Boudrillard through a subjective and subjective perspective of leisure users. In this study, after learning about the experience of virtual reality symbols built into them through screen riding, the leisure experience of screen riding participants was further identified. The double-checking results are as follows. First, experience in the virtual reality of screen riding can be described as a fusion of virtual reality symbols and experiences. The virtual reality symbols inherent in screen riding are expressed as spatial symbols, behavioral symbols, and contents, and the fusion of experience means a transcendental and a transformative environment. Second, screen riding was a derivative of the study that enabled participants to enter horseback riding more easily and to continue with leisure activities, also to help with posture correction, constipation, diet, and Kegel exercise. thereby enhancing fun and desire for horseback riding. In the study, participants were focusing on subjective feelings arising from the experience of horseback riding, and they stated that the body's sensory stimuli increased the quality of life and felt happy. In this study, the leisure activities are satisfied with the simulacra which can replace reality according to the subjective viewpoint of the leisure experiencer and the reflection of personal circumstances in the virtual reality of screen riding sports which is IT fusion. In the future, It is necessary to study the consumption patterns and the popularity of the emerging virtual reality sports since various virtual reality sports are becoming popular and are being built into the culture of life.
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Rönkä, Anna Reetta. "“From Birth to Death, From Beginning to End”: Participant Experience and the Meaning of Research Participation in a Longitudinal Birth Cohort Study." SAGE Open 12, no. 2 (April 2022): 215824402210992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440221099297.

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Research participants are vital for the success of a birth cohort study. Despite their scientific importance and large participant numbers, research on participant experience in birth cohort studies is scarce. This study explores participant experience, its different dimensions and meaning of the experience for the participants’ lives. The data comes from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966. In total, 49 semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants having full participation records and then subjected to qualitative content and thematic analysis. According to the findings, the participant experience is multidimensional, consisting of four dimensions; personal, relational, societal, and scientific. The experience evoked both positive and negative feelings and a sense of belongingness. Motivations to continue, perceived benefits of the study, consequences of participation, and the theme of trust were grouped under the four dimensions. The meaning of the study participation, and the level of personal investment and involvement in the study varied a lot among active study participants, forming a continuum from a very strong to a weak. The findings of this study contribute to the theoretical conceptualization of the participant experience. They help to better understand the participant’s perspective, and the different aspects that participating in a longitudinal research project may entail as a subjective and a relational experience. The results may contribute to research design and aid in enhancing participant satisfaction. That is important, as conducting high-quality research depends on motivated and committed research participants.
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Rohwer, Debbie, Don D. Coffman, and William Dabback. "A description of New Horizons Band assistants’ perceptions and experiences." International Journal of Community Music 13, no. 3 (December 1, 2020): 333–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ijcm_00024_1.

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The purpose of the current study was to describe the perceptions and experiences of New Horizons Band assistants in terms of learning, skill transfer and pedagogical preparation. The participant population for this study was 35 past student teacher-assistants from three New Horizons bands, one in Texas, one in Florida and one in Virginia. There were ten open-ended items on the questionnaire that asked about student assistant perceptions and experiences. Participants noted the growth they experienced from serving as a band teaching assistant in a New Horizons programme, describing their appreciation for lifelong learning, exposure to the complexity of how to teach to a variety of learners, and experience with the challenges of pacing with adults and blunt feedback from programme participants. The article concludes with a discussion of possible collegiate preparatory experiences that could broaden the teacher training experience for college programmes.
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Capielo Rosario, Cristalís, Roberto L. Abreu, Kirsten A. Gonzalez, and Elizabeth Cardenas Bautista. "“That day no one spoke”: Florida Puerto Ricans’ Reaction to Hurricane María." Counseling Psychologist 48, no. 3 (February 15, 2020): 377–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011000019899382.

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We conducted two focus groups and four individual interviews to examine the experiences of Florida Puerto Rican adults ( N = 26) with secondary exposure to the devastation caused by Hurricane María. Results from our thematic analysis yielded four major themes and eight subthemes depicting responses to Hurricane María. Four major themes emerged across participant responses: 1) Participants’ Experience with Hurricane María, 2) Participants’ Negative Reactions to Hurricane María, 3) Participants Providing Support, and 4) Resilience and Growth. We also found that Florida Puerto Ricans’ secondary stress reactions were influenced by Puerto Rico’s political status and economic crisis. Results also indicated that participants experienced vicarious posttraumatic growth not only at the individual but also at the community level.
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Schuler, Ethan, Sandra Mott, Peter W. Forbes, Alexis Schmid, Carole Atkinson, and Michele DeGrazia. "Evaluation of an evidence-based practice mentorship programme in a paediatric quaternary care setting." Journal of Research in Nursing 26, no. 1-2 (March 2021): 149–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1744987121991417.

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Background Evidence-based practice (EBP) is essential for clinical decision-making, improving care, reducing costs and achieving optimal patient outcomes. The Evidence-based Practice Mentorship Program (EBPMP) is a flexible, self-directed programme whereby participants carry out EBP projects guided by expert mentors. Aims To evaluate EBPMP effectiveness and participant experience. Methods To evaluate effectiveness, as measured by changes in EBP value, knowledge and implementation, participants completed pre- and post-EBPMP Quick-EBP-Value, Implementation and Knowledge (VIK) surveys. To understand participants’ experiences individual and group interviews were conducted at the end of the programme and analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results Most participants were over 50 years old, Caucasian, inpatient staff nurses, baccalaureate prepared, with over 11 years’ experience. Statistically significant improvements were observed in the post Quick-EBP-VIK knowledge and implementation domains. Individual and group participant interviews revealed four categories of importance to the experience: 1. perceived benefits of EBP, 2. time as a barrier to EBP, 3. desire for more cohort interaction and 4. positive mentee–mentor experience. Conclusions EBPMP can improve participants’ knowledge and implementation of EBP in an environment that values EBP; however, opportunities exist to implement programme modifications that address barriers identified by participants including project time and increased participant interactions.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Participants' experience"

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Fletcher, Lloyd Alan. "Project friction : participants' experience of organizational boundaries." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2017. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.723498.

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Sekerak, Elizabeth Anne. "The transformative learning experience of City Year participants." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1582653808685296.

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Rose, Alison. "High potential coaching : the experience of participants and coaches." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2015. https://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/f19d03f4-e3ab-429e-ad4b-d887b1c882cf/1/.

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This thesis aims to explore and conceptualise the subjective experiences of participants in high potential coaching. A review of the relevant literature indicates that the first person voice is almost entirely missing from both academic and practitioner commentary on this topic, and is needed to provide dimensionality and insight into what can be contentious practices. A qualitative study was conducted, based on semi-structured interviews with twelve participants –six coaches and six high potential coachees – using an interpretative phenomenological analysis methodology. Key findings of this study are that: • The individual voices of participants in high potential coaching are highly diverse. Each actor in the process has a unique and dynamic view on the issues and responds from this unique perspective. • Being considered to be a high potential is not always experienced as an unmitigated good. It can involve risks of many kinds as well as opportunities. • Conceptual and theoretical challenges around talent management are reflected at the practice level. These factors can cause personal hurt and confusion, and can lead to cynicism on the part of people designated as high potential. • Reputation management can be highly important to those who wish to be considered high potential and can lead to some gaming behaviours which militate against the espoused purposes of talent management programmes. • Coaches do not appear to see high potential coaching as a distinctive area of practice. Rather, they appear to see their practice as capable of flexing to accommodate the high potential context. • Coaches do see the design and implementation of some talent development programmes as militating against good work by overly-constraining the coach’s freedom to act. • Coaches frequently conceptualise coaching as having the potential for the client’s sense-making and growth across their whole lives, but coachees do not always see it in this way. • Coaches experience coaching as highly pleasurable. For the most part, their sense of self and their sense of self-as-coach are indivisible. The coach is coaching. These findings illuminate a very under-researched area of both coaching and talent management practice. At a theoretical level, they provide the missing subjective voice in talent management debates. At a practice level, they have considerable potential to inform both the design and conceptualisation of talent development in organisations and coaching practice in this area.
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De, la Cornillere Wendy-Lynne. "Participants’ experience of the Bishop Lavis Rehabilitation Centre stroke group." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1695.

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Thesis (MPhil (Interdisciplinary Health Sciences. Speech-Language and Hearing Therapy. Centre for Rehabilitation Studies))--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.
Current emphasis for rehabilitation in South Africa remains on individual intervention within the move towards primary health care. Primary health care is the strategy that has been adopted by the South African department of health to bring access and equity in health care services. Even so, the burden of providing effective rehabilitative services with limited resources requires innovative strategies, such as the use of therapeutic groups, to address certain aspects of rehabilitation. These strategies must be proven effective. There is a paucity of literature detailing the uses of group therapy in physical rehabilitation, and particularly the use of interdisciplinary group work in stroke rehabilitation. Furthermore, evidence shows that stroke survivors feel ill equipped to return to their communities despite rehabilitation. Stroke is a major cause of death and disability in South Africa, and is a condition shown to benefit from rehabilitation. These factors led to the selection of the Bishop Lavis Rehabilitation Centre stroke group as the setting for this study, which aims to describe the range of experiences relating to attendance or non-attendance of those referred to this programme. This descriptive study, employing quantitative means (to describe the demographic details of the participants) and qualitative means (to describe the experiences of participants), was conducted with twenty participants. Data was collected by means of an administered questionnaire. Following that, a focus group discussion involving six participants was used to gather in-depth information. Quantitative data was analysed with the assistance of a statistician, utilising the computer program, Statistica. The Chi-Squared, Kruskal-Wallis and ANOVA tests were used, with p>0.05 showing statistical significance. Qualitative data was thematically analysed, whereby data was categorised by means of an inductive approach. The study population consisted of 20 participants, with an average age of 59 years, of whom 15 were female and five male. The stroke group provided meaning to participants on two levels. On a psychosocial level, the phenomena of universality (identifying with others in a similar position), development of socialising techniques, imparting information and cohesiveness emerged strongly. On the level of meaning related to stroke recovery, improvement in ability to execute activities of daily living, mobility and strength were most frequently mentioned. Transportation issues were most commonly mentioned as factors negatively influencing attendance. Staff attitude and activities of the programme were most often cited as positive factors. Given the positive response of study participants, and the programme’s ability to sustain intervention with limited resources, it was concluded that this programme has a valid place within stroke rehabilitation in Bishop Lavis. Recommendations in terms of the group programme included investigating methods of providing transportation, providing childcare facilities and expanding the content of educational sessions. Further recommendations were to maintain the positive attitude of staff and the current activities of the programme. Frequency of group outings should also be increased and compensatory strategies for inclement weather must be explored.
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Byatt, Bethany F. "A study of participants' experience of Yirra : An adolescent treatment program." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1994. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1474.

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Yirra is a residential treatment program for young people who are experiencing problems associated with their substance use. The design of this program was influenced both by consultation with other youth services, and by current literature and theories regarding the most effective approaches to delivery of youth substance use services. Yirra has been in operation since February, 1992, and to date has not been formally evaluated. This research represents the first stage of evaluation of Yirra. The Phenomenological approach to enquiry was aimed at gaining some understanding of the experience of being at Yirra, from the perspective of the young people in the program. Over a three month period, all program participants who had been in the program for a week were invited to take part in taped interviews. Data gathering also included participant observation and program document analysis. As the Yirra program was designed specifically for adolescents, the phenomenological approach to data analysis also included analysis based on the theories of adolescent development of Piaget and Erikson.
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Middleton, Kimberly Anne. "The Experiences of Participants in a Domestic Violence-Focused Couples Treatment Program: A Qualitative Study." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36853.

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This study is a multi-case study which examines the experiences of participants involved in a 12-session integrated couples treatment program for domestic violence. Participants included 7 therapists and 5 heterosexual couples. 3 couples participated in individual couples treatment, and 2 participated in a multi-couple group treatment. 2 of the couples were Black, while all other couples were White. 4 out of 5 couples were married; one couple was in a committed dating relationship. All therapists were trained in marriage and family therapy. All participants filled out open-ended questions about their expectations for therapy and participated in two interviews to elicit their experiences of ongoing therapy. Interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed, and data were analyzed using the constant comparative method. The findings include clients' and therapists' expectations of therapy prior to treatment, and their experiences of therapy during the first half of treatment. Participants discussed which aspects of therapy were helpful, and which aspects of therapy were not helpful. In general, clients emphasized helpful therapist behaviors and qualities that seemed to facilitate their engagement in the therapy process. Therapists tended to focus on specific techniques they employed to facilitate changes in their clients. Participants most often criticized the treatment length as insufficient. Participants also shared their views about the racial difference between therapists and clients, or among group members in the multi-couple treatment group. Most participants believed that racial difference had no effect on the treatment. Finally, participants shared their opinions about traditional domestic violence treatment versus couples treatment of violence.
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Williams-Carter, Debra Lynn. "An investigation of host site participants' perceptions of a shared distance learning experience." Diss., Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2004. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-11112004-134411.

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Grueber, Arno. "Outcomes and experiences of participants of the Activity Based Experience (ABE) Programme at Richmond Services Limited: a mixed methods study." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Health Sciences, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9120.

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Objectives: Evidence suggests that physical activity reduces symptoms of clinical anxiety and depression, however, very little research has been published about service user’s experiences with physical activity interventions. The ABE Programme is a client-centred, individualised physical activity intervention for people with mental illness delivered by non-government organisation Richmond Services Limited. The objectives of this study were to investigate service users’ outcomes, experiences, barriers to physical activity and contributing factors for physical activity adherence, to make recommendations for health policy, community development, service improvements and further research. Methods: An explanatory concurrent mixed methods design was applied: for the quantitative component a simple quasi-experimental reversal study to analyse participants’ physical (blood pressure, body weight), mental (self-esteem, mental well-being) measures, physical activity level and smoking status; for the qualitative component a descriptive study conducting semi-structured interviews with participants of the programme. Results: Thirty assessment results were available for the quantitative data analysis. Self-esteem, mental well-being and physical activity levels showed significant improvements, whereas physical measurements and smoking status showed no changes. Thirteen interviews were conducted. Qualitative findings reinforced and enhanced quantitative results. Participants’ experiences were physical, psychological and social. Support was important to overcome barriers. Multiple factors contributed to maintaining physical activity. Clients made suggestions related to the support, structure and contents of the programme. Conclusions: The ABE Programme contributes to the improvements of participants’ mental and physical well-being. Professional support is crucial. Improvements are recommended regarding follow-up support, group activities and evidence-based physical activity adherence methods. Emphasis for policy should be on early intervention, collaboration between services and physical activity promotion approaches on multiple levels. Further research is recommended, for example, to develop efficient and cost-effective physical activity adherence approaches. Future research could include single subject studies, surveys and focus groups studies within Richmond and across the wider mental health sector.
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McCargo, Donavan D. "Improving the mentoring experience for pre-college program participants through organizational change and leadership." ROWAN UNIVERSITY, 2011. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3439883.

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Frender, Jesse. "Exploring the experience of adult participants in therapeutic enactment, a group-based trauma intervention." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/47072.

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Counselling and psychotherapy literature frequently reports that group-based interventions are effective and appropriate for addressing psychological trauma. Predominantly, this literature is grounded in theoretical assumptions about the process of healing trauma, or the clinical experiences and observations of clinicians. Although a small and growing body of empirical outcome studies exists, virtually non-existent are investigations into clients' own experiences of the process of group trauma therapy. On the premise that understanding client perspectives is integral to refining intervention techniques and shaping future empirical research, the present study is an inquiry into participants' experiences of therapeutic enactment (TE), a multimodal group-based trauma intervention. Following their participation in the intervention, participants were interviewed using a video-assisted method known as interpersonal process recall (IPR), with the aim of accessing their experience in a more immediate, less retrospective way than more frequently used interview methods. The interview transcripts were analyzed thematically and are re-presented herein as three distinct accounts of experiencing therapeutic enactment. Insights for both clinical and research development are discussed.
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Books on the topic "Participants' experience"

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Group, Spectrem. The online experience of plan participants and plan sponors. [Chicago, IL]: Spectrem Group, 2006.

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The conversion experience: A reflective process for RCIA participants and others. New York: Paulist Press, 1998.

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Canada, Statistics. Pension plan coverage in Canada: A profile of participants' 1986 labour market experience. Ottawa, Ont: Statistics Canada = Statistique Canada, 1991.

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Johnson, Theopolis W. An American experiment: A database of all known participants in "The Tuskegee experience". 3rd ed. Atlanta, GA: TJ Johnson Enterprises, 2005.

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Bossort, Patty. Learning to learn: Impacts of the adult basic education experience on the lives of participants. Vancouver: British Columbia, Ministry of Skills, Training and Labour, 1995.

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1954-, Harrington Peter, ed. China, 1900: The eyewitnesses speak : the experience of Westerners in China during the Boxer Rebellion, as described by participants in letters, diaries and photographs. London: Greenhill Books, 2000.

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Group, Spectrem. The participant experience with written communications. [Chicago, IL]: Spectrem Group, 2005.

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Nagujja, Zam Zam. Civic participation and legal awareness: The experience of the Ugandan woman : the experiences of trainers and women participants in the Resistance Council judicial powers training programme carried out in various districts of Uganda during 1994-1995. [Kampala]: Friedrich Ebert Foundation, 1995.

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Miah, Md Abdul Momen. Application of TOT experiences by the participants. Mymensingh: Graduate Training Institute, Bangladesh Agricultural University, 1991.

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O'Connor, William. Experiences of New Deal: Qualitative profiles of young participants. [Sheffield]: Employment Service, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Participants' experience"

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McKenzie, Peter. "Maintaining Good Relationships with Research Participants." In The Doctoral Experience, 147–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18199-4_13.

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Billett, Stephen, and Greer Johnson. "Experiences of School Transitions: Policies, Practice and Participants." In Experience of School Transitions, 3–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4198-0_1.

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Zreik, Khaldoun, and Ahmad Ali. "Participants' Experience in an Optical Illusion Installation." In From UXD to LivXD, 143–86. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119612254.ch7.

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Jones, Tiffany. "Basic Demographics for Voices of Experience Participants." In A Student-centred Sociology of Australian Education, 25–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36863-0_3.

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Weinstein, Herbert. "Focusing on the Participants: When and How to Involve Them." In Food Product Development: Based on Experience, 13–19. Ames, Iowa, USA: Iowa State Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470376898.ch2.

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Saxena, Shweta, Sandeep Arora, and Rachna Khare. "Participants’ Perspectives on Design-Build Experience: A Qualitative Exploration." In Advances in Human Factors in Training, Education, and Learning Sciences, 173–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80000-0_21.

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Jiang, Tingting, Zixuan Wang, and Kostas Terzidis. "Reimagining “Space”: An Approach to Increase Participants’ Social Aspects During Online Conferencing." In Human-Computer Interaction. User Experience and Behavior, 128–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05412-9_9.

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Raza-Paredes, P., E. Narváez-Marcillo, and D. Leiva-Cruz. "Open Museums During the International Museum Day, Measuring Participants Experience." In Technology, Sustainability and Educational Innovation (TSIE), 454–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37221-7_38.

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Saravanos, Antonios, Stavros Zervoudakis, Dongnanzi Zheng, Neil Stott, Bohdan Hawryluk, and Donatella Delfino. "The Hidden Cost of Using Amazon Mechanical Turk for Research." In HCI International 2021 - Late Breaking Papers: Design and User Experience, 147–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90238-4_12.

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AbstractIn this study, we investigate the attentiveness exhibited by participants sourced through Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk), thereby discovering a significant level of inattentiveness amongst the platform’s top crowd workers (those classified as ‘Master’, with an ‘Approval Rate’ of 98% or more, and a ‘Number of HITS approved’ value of 1,000 or more). A total of 564 individuals from the United States participated in our experiment. They were asked to read a vignette outlining one of four hypothetical technology products and then complete a related survey. Three forms of attention check (logic, honesty, and time) were used to assess attentiveness. Through this experiment we determined that a total of 126 (22.3%) participants failed at least one of the three forms of attention check, with most (94) failing the honesty check – followed by the logic check (31), and the time check (27). Thus, we established that significant levels of inattentiveness exist even among the most elite MTurk workers. The study concludes by reaffirming the need for multiple forms of carefully crafted attention checks, irrespective of whether participant quality is presumed to be high according to MTurk criteria such as ‘Master’, ‘Approval Rate’, and ‘Number of HITS approved’. Furthermore, we propose that researchers adjust their proposals to account for the effort and costs required to address participant inattentiveness.
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Bakas, Fiona Eva, Tiago Vinagre de Castro, and Ana Osredkar. "User-centred design for creative tourism prototyping: the Maribor experience." In Creative tourism: activating cultural resources and engaging creative travellers, 93–104. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789243536.0013.

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Abstract This chapter discusses how the principles of usercentred design and emotional mapping can be used to help tourism and culture practitioners design prototypes of creative tourism experiences. Creative tourism is a novel interpretation of cultural tourism that incorporates within the tourism experience the dimensions of active participation, creative self-expression, learning, and community engagement (Duxbury and Richards, 2019), underlined by an immersive connection to place. On one hand, to create successful creative tourism experiences, it is important that the tourism experience designers empathize with the end users/participants and identify with their needs and motivations. By adopting a user-centred design approach, this empathy can be achieved in practical ways and then included in the design of the final tourism experience. On the other hand, emotional mapping deepens engagement with places, fostered by a multisensorial immersive exploring exercise that challenges participants to link places to their own emotions and feelings.
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Conference papers on the topic "Participants' experience"

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Steger, Wolfgang, Tae-Soo Kim, Martin Gebert, and Ralph Stelzer. "Improved User Experience in a VR Based Design Review." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-59840.

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Observations of design review sequences by means of Virtual Reality (VR) and participant interviews have demonstrated that improvements may be made through providing selected user functions to participants who would otherwise just be observers. These functions are found from a survey of more or less experienced VR users in design reviews. The basic idea is that the participants are given access to special review data via App and smart device and are thus capable of immediately controlling the view of the product under review. Thus, for instance, the participants are able to download the structure tree including the components of the product to be tested onto their devices, navigate inside the structure tree, and get information about component parameters independently of the other participants. Participants can also configure the representation of the VR model displayed for all participants via smart device (highlighting, visibility, colour, ...) and set up the view. This makes communication easier, since otherwise the respective settings have to be administered by a VR operator. Special user interaction functions may improve the control of design reviews by changing the participants’ role from passive to active. A special requirement is the spatial selection of model components in the stereoscopic VR view. To meet this demand a Leap Motion controller transmits position data from the users hand to the pointer of the VR System via the protocol Virtual Reality Peripheral Network (VRPN).
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"REFLECTIONS OF THE PARTICIPANTS OF THE CONFERENCE." In Psychoanalysis and the Virtual: ethics, metapsychology and clinical experience of the remote practice. N-DSA-N, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32437/pvemcerpdppp0021.

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Gralla, Erica, and Zoe Szajnfarber. "Games and Exercises for Teaching and Research: Exploring How Learning Varies Based on Fidelity and Participant Experience." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85827.

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It has long been recognized that games are useful in engineering education, and more recently they have also become a common setting for empirical research. Games are useful for both teaching and research because they mimic aspects of reality and require participants to reason within that realistic context, and they allow researchers to study phenomena empirically that are hard to observe in reality. This paper explores what can be learned by students and by researchers, based on the authors’ experience with two sets of games. These games vary in both the experience level of the participants and the “fidelity” or realism of the game itself. Our experience suggests that what can be learned by participants and by researchers depends on both these dimensions. For teaching purposes, inexperienced participants may struggle to connect lessons from medium-fidelity games to the real world. On the other hand, experienced participants may learn more from medium-fidelity games that provide the time and support to practice and reflect on new skills. For research purposes, high-fidelity games are best due to their higher ecological validity, even with inexperienced participants, although experienced participants may enable strong validity in medium-fidelity settings. These findings are based on experience with two games, but provide promising directions for future research.
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Dancy, Melissa H., Alexandra Lau, Joel C. Corbo, Charles R. Henderson, and Andy Rundquist. "Participants' perceptions of the Faculty Online Learning Community (FOLC) experience." In 2017 Physics Education Research Conference. American Association of Physics Teachers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/perc.2017.pr.020.

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Xu, Xin. "The Participants Experience of Masses Sports Event in Pandemic Period." In 2022 7th International Conference on Financial Innovation and Economic Development (ICFIED 2022). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.220307.523.

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Kizhakkethil, Priya. "Information experience in a diaspora small world." In ISIC: the Information Behaviour Conference. University of Borås, Borås, Sweden, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47989/irisic2022.

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Introduction. Leisure is considered important in the settlement and acculturation experiences of refugee and immigrant communities. Perceiving a gap in the literature which has taken a diaspora perspective, this on-going study looks at an online community converging around a leisure activity from a gender and diaspora standpoint, while looking to understand what would be experienced as information in that context. Method. Employing a qualitative research approach, data was obtained through semi-structured interviews with fourteen participants and also through the collecting of comments posted on fan fiction blogs. Analysis. Qualitative thematic analysis is being carried out using Nvivo software. Results. Early observations by way of themes lend credence to the importance of social context and point towards the role of meaning making in the information and document experience of the participants. Conclusions. Going beyond information seeking and problematic situations, adopting an experience approach can contribute towards conceptual and theoretical development in the field. The study also hopes to contribute towards literature that has looked at diaspora communities from a gender and leisure perspective.
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Paula, Larissa Ottoni Estevanin de, Lorenza Carvalho Caser, Iago Ferreira Pinto Almeida, Vinícius Cunha Lemos, Lisandra Alves Teixeira, and Fabíola Cristina Santos Tavares. "“EMtenda” University Extension Project: A Health Education Experience on the Experiences of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.649.

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Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the Central Nervous System (CNS). The clinical manifestations of the disease have a negative impact on the patients’ quality of life, and may affect its functionality due to physical and psychosocial losses. From there, it is understood the need to seek ways to guide health professionals, as well as raise awareness among the general population about the experiences of patients with MS. Objective: this work reports the experience of a tent set up in public spaces in the city of Divinópolis-MG, through the “EMtenda” Extension Project. The project discusses the importance of health education as an active learning tool for participants, through the dissemination of information about the limitations experienced by people with the diagnosis of MS. Experience report: The project took place from 2019 to 2020 and had the support of a multidisciplinary team formed by doctors, physiotherapists, nurses and psychologists. Actions were taken in public spaces in Divinópolis-MG, in which a tent was installed and divided into three stations. Each station simulates neurological symptoms such as paresthesia, diplopia, spasticity, loss of strength in the limbs and ataxia. The simulation is performed through the interaction of the participant with various objects, in which simple activities are tested, such as walking with weight on the lower limbs, palpating objects of different textures with closed eyes, wearing glasses that distort the vision, among others. Each station lasts two to three minutes, allowing the visitor to enter subsequent stations or leave the tent. At the end, the participant receives a brief verbal explanation of the disease by the facilitator and/or through banners installed next to the tent. Conclusion: The project enabled health education for students, professionals and for the general population of Divinópolis-MG, in order to improve the empathy of the participants towards the experiences and limitations of patients with MS regarding the neurological symptoms they experience in their daily life.
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Li, Hongyu, and Chien-Hsiung Chen. "User Experience of Visual Perception for Smart Central Control System." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001694.

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Intelligent technology changes the world, promotes the integration and development of industries, and changes people's way of life and form. The smart home central control system, which is closely related to our daily life, is comfortable, safe, highly stable, and reliable. This research purpose was to explore the affordance of gender visual perception for the interface design of a smart central control system. The experimental was adopted a 2 x 3 mixed factorial design to help explore whether different gender and operation modes may affect users’ visual perception. We employed convenience sampling and recruited a total of 12 participants to participate in this experiment. The experimental data were collected in relation to task performance using the system usability scale (SUS), subjective evaluations, and semi-structured interviews. The generated results revealed that: (1) The task performance shows that the interface design of the smart home central control system affects the participants' visual perception. (2) Females generally believe that the three smart home central control system interface designs are logical and innovative. (3) There was an interaction between gender and operation mode, the logic and innovation of the operation interface affected participants' perception of interaction.
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Gafni, Ruti, and Idan Nagar. "CAPTCHA – Security affecting User Experience." In InSITE 2016: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: Lithuania. Informing Science Institute, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3469.

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[The final form of this paper was published in the journal Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology.] CAPTCHA - Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart - is a test with the aim to distinguish between malicious automatic software and real users in the era of Cyber security threats. Various types of CAPTCHA tests were developed, in order to address accessibility while implementing security. This research focuses on the users’ attitudes and experiences related to use of the different kinds of tests. A questionnaire accompanied by experiencing five different CAPTCHA tests was performed among 212 users. Response times for each test and rate of success were collected automatically. The findings demonstrate that none of the existing tests are ideal. Although the participants were familiar with the Text-based test, they found it the most frustrating and non-enjoyable. Half of the participants failed in the Arithmetic-based test. While most of the participants found the picture and game based test enjoyable, their response time for those tests was the largest. The age factor was encountered as influencing both the attitude of the user and the performance, while younger users are more tolerant, have a better success rate, and are faster, the elder users found the tests annoying and time-consuming.
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Koster, Friedemann, Dennis Guse, Christian Miethaner, and Sebastian Moller. "Towards training naïve participants for a perceptual annotation task designed for experts." In 2016 Eighth International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/qomex.2016.7498921.

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Reports on the topic "Participants' experience"

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Kippen, Karen Elizabeth. Los Alamos offers participants hands-on experience with renewable energy technology. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1222697.

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Martinho, Diogo, Hugo Sarmento, Ana Faria, Hadi Nobari, and Adam Field. Oral branched chain amino acids supplementation in trained participants: a systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0014.

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Review question / Objective: The present review following PICO criteria: (1) population – athletes or participants described with experience in sport; (2) intervention – oral branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) supplementation; (3) outcomes – indicators of performance, body composition, recovery, hormonal response or cellular signalling; (4) comparator – control group or placebo, and; (5) output – pre-and post-test changes. Exclusion criteria were: (1) studies that described participants as healthy or active; (2) articles classified as letter to editor or review, and; (3) BCAAs supplementation by infusion or combined with other substances. Condition being studied: The condition to be studied is the ingestion of branched chain amino acids in participants with training experience (participants involved in organized sports or with training experience). Note, the participants classified as active or healthy were not included in this review.
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Tooman, Tricia, Waraf Al-Yaseen, Damon Herd, Clio Ding, Maria Corrales, and Jaina Teo Lewen. THE COVID ROLLERCOASTER: Multiple and Multi-dimensional Transitions of Healthcare Graduates. Edited by Divya Jindal-Snape, Chris Murray, and Nicola Innes. UniVerse, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001247.

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In this study, we explored the ongoing multiple and multi-dimensional transitions experienced by medicine, nursing and dentistry students due to graduate in summer 2020. Some graduated early to join the NHS workforce and others had their graduation deferred for a year due to lack of clinical experience. We explored the expectations and realities of their transition experiences; their perceptions of the impact of their transitions on them, their wellbeing, and on their significant others. This longitudinal study helped understand each individual’s adaptations to multiple concurrent changes over time. The cross-sectional data revealed trends and patterns for each group of graduates. This comic anthology presents the interpretations of interview data from doctor, nurse, and dentist graduates. The five comics present both individual and composite narratives of different participants. The visualisation of the data through comics was valuable to portray the wider context of COVID-19, and participants’ related transition experiences and emotions.
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Meeker, Jessica. Mutual Learning for Policy Impact: Insights from CORE. Sharing Experience and Learning on Approaches to Influence Policy and Practice. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/core.2021.005.

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On 23 June 2021, Southern Voice and the Institute of Development Studies co-hosted an online dialogue which aimed to enhance efforts to inform and influence policy by sharing learning between CORE projects, at different stages in their policy engagement activities, on their approaches and experiences at sub-national, national, and regional levels. The event was attended by over 70 participants from across the CORE cohort and highlighted the experiences of CORE partners, Partnership for Economic Policy (PEP), International Centre for Research on Women (ICRW), and Group for the Analysis of Development (GRADE). This learning guide captures the practical insights and advice from the event to help inform the practice of both participants and other projects across the portfolio. The guide is structured around the key challenges identified in influencing policy, particularly within the changing parameters of the current pandemic, highlighting key messages and examples from the three partners.
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Davis, Cathlyn. Summative Evaluation: UFERN Framework Professional Learning Community. Oregon State University, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5399/osu/1153.

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The UFERN Framework Professional Learning Community project was funded as a supplement to the existing NSF-funded Undergraduate Field Experiences Research Network (UFERN), which sought to build a vibrant, supportive, and sustainable collaborative network that fostered effective undergraduate field experiences. The goals of the UFERN Framework Professional Learning Community (PLC) supplement were: • To support a small group of field educators in intentional design, implementation and assessment of student-centered undergraduate field experiences in a range of field learning contexts; • To develop effective strategies for supporting undergraduate field educators in using the UFERN Framework as an aid for designing, implementing, and assessing student-centered undergraduate field experience programs; • To assemble vignettes featuring applications of the UFERN Framework in a range of program contexts; and • To expand the community of field educators interested in designing, implementing, and assessing student-centered undergraduate field learning experiences. Sixteen educators participated in the PLC, which targeted participants who taught and facilitated a range of undergraduate field experiences (UFEs) that varied in terms of setting, timing, focus and student population. Due to the COVID pandemic, the originally-planned three-month intensive training took place over nine months (January to October 2021). It consisted of seven video conference sessions (via Zoom) with presentations and homework assignments. It included independent work, as well as guided group discussions with project leaders and other participants, which were supported by online collaborative tools.
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Khvostina, Inesa. Proceedings of the 2019 7th International Conference on Modeling, Development and Strategic Management of Economic System (MDSMES 2019). Edited by Liliana Horal, Vladimir Soloviev, and Andriy Matviychuk. Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3614.

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The Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas will hold the 7th International Conference on Modeling, Development and Strategic Management of Economic System (MDSMES 2019: http://mdsmes.nung.edu.ua/), which will take place on October 24-25, 2019 in Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, Ivano-Frankivsk and Polyanytsia village (TC Bukovel), Ukraine. The purpose of the Conference is to exchange the experience and share the results of the scientific research, generalization and development of policy recommendations based on the strategic management of economic systems as well as development partnerships for the future collaboration. This conference provides opportunities for the different areas delegates to exchange new ideas and application experiences face to face, to establish business or research relations and to find global partners for future collaboration. We hope that the conference results constituted a significant contribution to the knowledge in these up-to-date scientific fields. We invite scientists, practitioners, teachers of educational institutions, doctoral students and graduate students to participate in the conference. The Organizing committee would like to express our sincere appreciation to everybody who has contributed to the conference. Heartfelt thanks are due to authors, reviewers, participants and to all the team of organizers for their support and enthusiasm which granted success to the conference. Hopefully, all participants and other interested readers benefit scientifically from the proceedings. We look forward to seeing you in the MDSMES 2019. We hope that this conference will be an annual event so we look forward to seeing you at MDSMES 2020. The Organizing Committee of MDSMES 2019
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Ochiai, Kazuyasu. Working paper PUEAA No. 14. Evaluating long-term cultural diplomacy between Mexico and Japan: examining former participants in a governmental bilateral student exchange program. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Programa Universitario de Estudios sobre Asia y África, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/pueaa.012r.2022.

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This paper summarizes a research project, titled “Long-term outcomes of bilateral student exchange program between Mexico and Japan: 50 years of governmental cultural diplomacy”. The project provides an analysis of the youth exchange program that was implemented in 1971 between Mexico and Japan. In this way, paper describes the negotiation process between the Mexican government and the Japanese government to implement exchange programs. Apart from this, the author analysis the quantitative and qualitative results of the youth exchange program between Mexico and Japan through decades. To obtain the quantitative information, it considers how many students have participated in this program; for obtaining quantitative results, it considers the students’ personal experience for knowing the effects of studying in Mexico or Japan in their lives. Finally, the author believes that studying the exchange program between Mexico and Japan is a means of achieving development through cooperation.
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McGuinness, Seamus, Adele Whelan, Adele Bergin, and Judith Delaney. Profiling barriers to social inclusion in Ireland: the relative roles of individual characteristics and location. ESRI, July 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.26504/rs71.

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The study uses data from participants in the Department of Rural and Community Development’s Social Inclusion and Community Activation Programme (SICAP), administered by Pobal, to examine who is most likely to experience at least one of five barriers to social inclusion. The barriers are (a) belonging to a jobless household, (b) being a lone parent, (c) having a disability, (d) being homeless or affected by housing exclusion and (e) belonging to an ethnic minority.
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Cao, Shudian, Soh Kim Geok, R. Samsilah, H. Sun, Soh Kim Lam, and J. Liu. Does Brief Mindfulness-Based Interventions Improve Sport-Related Performance? A Systematic Review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.12.0086.

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Review question / Objective: This review aims to know whether brief mindfulness-based interventions could Improve sport-related performance. Eligibility criteria: 1. Full-text article published in English or Chinese 2. Participants who reported mindfulness experience were no more than 5% of total sample size3. Study used the brief mindfulness-based intervention in experimental group4. Without mindfulness intervention in control group5. Outcome measures are sport-related performance6. randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-randomized controlled trials (nRCTs) and non-randomized non-controlled trials (nRnCTs) with two or more groups and single-group trials.
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McEntee, Alice, Sonia Hines, Joshua Trigg, Kate Fairweather, Ashleigh Guillaumier, Jane Fischer, Billie Bonevski, James A. Smith, Carlene Wilson, and Jacqueline Bowden. Tobacco cessation in CALD communities. The Sax Institute, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/sneg4189.

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Background Australia is a multi-cultural society with increasing rates of people from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds. On average, CALD groups have higher rates of tobacco use, lower participation in cancer screening programs, and poorer health outcomes than the general Australian population. Lower cancer screening and smoking cessation rates are due to differing cultural norms, health-related attitudes, and beliefs, and language barriers. Interventions can help address these potential barriers and increase tobacco cessation and cancer screening rates among CALD groups. Cancer Council NSW (CCNSW) aims to reduce the impact of cancer and improve cancer outcomes for priority populations including CALD communities. In line with this objective, CCNSW commissioned this rapid review of interventions implemented in Australia and comparable countries. Review questions This review aimed to address the following specific questions: Question 1 (Q1): What smoking cessation interventions have been proven effective in reducing or preventing smoking among culturally and linguistically diverse communities? Question 2 (Q2): What screening interventions have proven effective in increasing participation in population cancer screening programs among culturally and linguistically diverse populations? This review focused on Chinese-, Vietnamese- and Arabic-speaking people as they are the largest CALD groups in Australia and have high rates of tobacco use and poor screening adherence in NSW. Summary of methods An extensive search of peer-reviewed and grey literature published between January 2013-March 2022 identified 19 eligible studies for inclusion in the Q1 review and 49 studies for the Q2 review. The National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Levels of Evidence and Joanna Briggs Institute’s (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools were used to assess the robustness and quality of the included studies, respectively. Key findings Findings are reported by components of an intervention overall and for each CALD group. By understanding the effectiveness of individual components, results will demonstrate key building blocks of an effective intervention. Question 1: What smoking cessation interventions have been proven effective in reducing or preventing smoking among culturally and linguistically diverse communities? Thirteen of the 19 studies were Level IV (L4) evidence, four were Level III (L3), one was Level II (L2), none were L1 (highest level of evidence) and one study’s evidence level was unable to be determined. The quality of included studies varied. Fifteen tobacco cessation intervention components were included, with most interventions involving at least three components (range 2-6). Written information (14 studies), and education sessions (10 studies) were the most common components included in an intervention. Eight of the 15 intervention components explored had promising evidence for use with Chinese-speaking participants (written information, education sessions, visual information, counselling, involving a family member or friend, nicotine replacement therapy, branded merchandise, and mobile messaging). Another two components (media campaign and telephone follow-up) had evidence aggregated across CALD groups (i.e., results for Chinese-speaking participants were combined with other CALD group(s)). No intervention component was deemed of sufficient evidence for use with Vietnamese-speaking participants and four intervention components had aggregated evidence (written information, education sessions, counselling, nicotine replacement therapy). Counselling was the only intervention component to have promising evidence for use with Arabic-speaking participants and one had mixed evidence (written information). Question 2: What screening interventions have proven effective in increasing participation in population cancer screening programs among culturally and linguistically diverse populations? Two of the 49 studies were Level I (L1) evidence, 13 L2, seven L3, 25 L4 and two studies’ level of evidence was unable to be determined. Eighteen intervention components were assessed with most interventions involving 3-4 components (range 1-6). Education sessions (32 studies), written information (23 studies) and patient navigation (10 studies) were the most common components. Seven of the 18 cancer screening intervention components had promising evidence to support their use with Vietnamese-speaking participants (education sessions, written information, patient navigation, visual information, peer/community health worker, counselling, and peer experience). The component, opportunity to be screened (e.g. mailed or handed a bowel screening test), had aggregated evidence regarding its use with Vietnamese-speaking participants. Seven intervention components (education session, written information, visual information, peer/community health worker, opportunity to be screened, counselling, and branded merchandise) also had promising evidence to support their use with Chinese-speaking participants whilst two components had mixed (patient navigation) or aggregated (media campaign) evidence. One intervention component for use with Arabic-speaking participants had promising evidence to support its use (opportunity to be screened) and eight intervention components had mixed or aggregated support (education sessions, written information, patient navigation, visual information, peer/community health worker, peer experience, media campaign, and anatomical models). Gaps in the evidence There were four noteworthy gaps in the evidence: 1. No systematic review was captured for Q1, and only two studies were randomised controlled trials. Much of the evidence is therefore based on lower level study designs, with risk of bias. 2. Many studies provided inadequate detail regarding their intervention design which impacts both the quality appraisal and how mixed finding results can be interpreted. 3. Several intervention components were found to have supportive evidence available only at the aggregate level. Further research is warranted to determine the interventions effectiveness with the individual CALD participant group only. 4. The evidence regarding the effectiveness of certain intervention components were either unknown (no studies) or insufficient (only one study) across CALD groups. This was the predominately the case for Arabic-speaking participants for both Q1 and Q2, and for Vietnamese-speaking participants for Q1. Further research is therefore warranted. Applicability Most of the intervention components included in this review are applicable for use in the Australian context, and NSW specifically. However, intervention components assessed as having insufficient, mixed, or no evidence require further research. Cancer screening and tobacco cessation interventions targeting Chinese-speaking participants were more common and therefore showed more evidence of effectiveness for the intervention components explored. There was support for cancer screening intervention components targeting Vietnamese-speaking participants but not for tobacco cessation interventions. There were few interventions implemented for Arabic-speaking participants that addressed tobacco cessation and screening adherence. Much of the evidence for Vietnamese and Arabic-speaking participants was further limited by studies co-recruiting multiple CALD groups and reporting aggregate results. Conclusion There is sound evidence for use of a range of intervention components to address tobacco cessation and cancer screening adherence among Chinese-speaking populations, and cancer screening adherence among Vietnamese-speaking populations. Evidence is lacking regarding the effectiveness of tobacco cessation interventions with Vietnamese- and Arabic-speaking participants, and cancer screening interventions for Arabic-speaking participants. More research is required to determine whether components considered effective for use in one CALD group are applicable to other CALD populations.
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