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Journal articles on the topic 'Partial interaction mechanics'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Xu, Rongqiao, and Dequan Chen. "Variational Principles of Partial-Interaction Composite Beams." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 138, no. 5 (May 2012): 542–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)em.1943-7889.0000364.

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2

Oehlers, Deric J., Phillip Visintin, Jian-Fei Chen, Rudolf Seracino, Yufei Wu, and Wade Lucas. "Reinforced Concrete Behavior, Research, Development, and Design through Partial-Interaction Mechanics." Journal of Structural Engineering 143, no. 7 (July 2017): 02517002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0001764.

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3

Zhang, Tao, Phillip Visintin, and Deric J. Oehlers. "Partial-interaction tension-stiffening properties for numerical simulations." Advances in Structural Engineering 20, no. 5 (July 19, 2016): 812–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433216660654.

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The partial-interaction behaviour of tension-stiffening affects or controls virtually all aspects of reinforced concrete member behaviour as it controls the formation and widening of cracks as well as the load developed within the reinforcement crossing a crack. In this article, simple closed-form solutions for the tension-stiffening behaviour of reinforced concrete prisms are derived through mechanics and are presented in a form that can be easily used in both displacement-based and strain-based numerical modelling. This research quantifies not only the pseudo material properties of tension-stiffening such as equivalent stress–strain relationships or equivalent moduli that simulate the increase in reinforcement stiffness associated with tension-stiffening but also the crack spacings and crack widths. It is shown that the bond properties have little, if any, effect on tension-stiffening but a major effect on crack spacings and widths.

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4

Turmo, J., J. A. Lozano-Galant, E. Mirambell, and D. Xu. "Modeling composite beams with partial interaction." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 114 (November 2015): 380–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.07.007.

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5

Siu, W. H., and R. K. L. Su. "Analysis of side-plated reinforced concrete beams with partial interaction." Computers & concrete 8, no. 1 (February 25, 2011): 71–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/cac.2011.8.1.071.

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6

Jeong, Youn-Ju, Hyeong-Yeol Kim, and Sang-Hyo Kim. "Partial-interaction analysis with push-out tests." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 61, no. 9 (September 2005): 1318–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2005.01.010.

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7

Allam, Mehter M., Kanakapura S. Subba Rao, and B. V. V. Subramanya. "Partial Loss of Support and Frame‐Soil Interaction." Journal of Structural Engineering 113, no. 12 (December 1987): 2488–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1987)113:12(2488).

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8

Bradford, Mark Andrew, and R. Ian Gilbert. "Composite Beams with Partial Interaction under Sustained Loads." Journal of Structural Engineering 118, no. 7 (July 1992): 1871–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1992)118:7(1871).

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9

Sturm, Alexander B., Phillip Visintin, and Deric J. Oehlers. "Time-dependent serviceability behavior of reinforced concrete beams: Partial interaction tension stiffening mechanics." Structural Concrete 19, no. 2 (August 29, 2017): 508–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/suco.201700021.

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10

Lu, Pengzhen, and Changyu Shao. "A new model for composite beams with partial interaction." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering and Computational Mechanics 167, no. 1 (March 2014): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/eacm.12.00015.

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11

Baines, Peter G., Sharan J. Majumdar, and Humio Mitsudera. "The mechanics of the Tollmien-Schlichting wave." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 312 (April 10, 1996): 107–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112096001930.

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We describe a mechanistic picture of the essential dynamical processes in the growing Tollmien-Schlichting wave in a Blasius boundary layer and similar flows. This picture depends on the interaction between two component parts of a disturbance (denoted ‘partial modes’), each of which is a complete linear solution in some idealization of the system. The first component is an inviscid mode propagating on the vorticity gradient of the velocity profile with the free-slip boundary condition, and the second, damped free viscous modes in infinite uniform shear with the no-slip condition. There are two families of these viscous modes, delineated by whether the phase lines of the vorticity at the wall are oriented with or against the shear, and they are manifested as resonances in a forced system. The interaction occurs because an initial ‘inviscid’ disturbance forces a viscous response via the no-slip condition at the wall. This viscous response is large near the resonance associated with the most weakly damped viscous mode, and in the unstable parameter range it has suitable phase at the outer part of the boundary layer to increase the amplitude of the inviscid partial mode by advection.

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12

Xu, Rongqiao, and Guannan Wang. "Bending Solutions of the Timoshenko Partial-Interaction Composite Beams Using Euler-Bernoulli Solutions." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 139, no. 12 (December 2013): 1881–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)em.1943-7889.0000614.

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13

Wright, H. D., and T. O. S. Oduyemi. "Partial interaction analysis of double skin composite beams." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 19, no. 4 (January 1991): 253–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0143-974x(91)90019-w.

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14

Ellakany, Ahmed M., Mohamad Ali, Mohamed A. El-Gohary, and Mohamed Elkholy. "Lumped system model for elastic steel-concrete beams with partial interaction." Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures 16, no. 1 (September 6, 2019): 121–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mmms-01-2019-0007.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to introduce a numerical model to investigate static response of elastic steel-concrete beams. The numerical model is based on the lumped system with the combination of the transfer matrix and the analog beam methods (ABM). The beams are composed of an upper concrete slab and a lower steel beam, connected at the interface by shear transmitting studs. This type of beam is widely used in constructions especially for highway bridges. The static field and point transfer matrices for the element of the elastic composite beam are derived. The present model is verified and is applied to study the static response of elastic composite beams with intermediate conditions. The intermediate condition is considered as an elastic support with various values of stiffness. The elastic support can be considered rigid when the stiffness has very high values. The influence effect of shear stiffness between the upper slab and lower beam, and the end shear restraint on the static behavior of the composite beams is studied. In addition, the change in the stiffness of the elastic support is also highlighted. Design/methodology/approach The objective of this study is to introduce a numerical model based on lumped system to calculate the static performance of elastic composite bridge beams having intermediate elastic support by combining the ABM with the transfer matrix method (TMM). The developed model is applicable for studying static and dynamic responses of steel-concrete elastic composite beams with different end conditions taking into account the effect of partial shear interactions. The validity of the lumped mass model is checked by comparing its results with a distributed model and good agreements are achieved (Ellakany and Tablia, 2010). Findings A model based on the lumped system of the elastic composite steel-concrete bridge beam with intermediate elastic support under static load is presented. The model takes into consideration the effect of the end shear restraint together with the interaction between the upper slab and the lower beam. Combining the analogical beam method with the TMM and analyzing the behavior of the elastic composite beam in terms of shear studs and stiffness, the following outcomes can be drawn: end shear restraint and stiffness of the shear layer are the two main factors affecting the response of elastic composite beams in terms of both the deflection and the moments. Using end shear restraint reduces the deflection extensively by about 40 percent compared to if it is not used assuming that: there is no interaction between the upper slab and the lower beam and the beam is acting as simply supported. As long as the shear layer stiffness increases or interaction exists, the deflection decreases. This reduced rate in deflection is smaller in case of existence of end shear restraint. The effect of the end shear restraint is more prevailing on reducing the deflections in case of partial interactions. However, its effect completely diminishes in case of complete interaction. Presence of the end shear restraint and shear layer stiffness produces almost the same variations in the components of the bending moments of the composite beam. Finally, for a complete interaction, comparing the case of using end shear restraint or the case without it, the differences in the values of the deflections and moments are almost negligible. Research limitations/implications The following assumptions related to the theory of ABM: shear studs connecting both sub-beams are modeled as a thin shear layer, each sub-beam has the same vertical displacement and the shear deformation in the sub-beams is neglected. Practical implications The developed model can be effectively used for a quick estimation of the dynamic responses of elastic composite beams in real life rather than utilizing complicated numerical models. Social implications The applications of this model can be further extended for studying the behavior of complex bridge beams that will guarantee the safety of the public in a quick view. Originality/value Previous models combined the TMM with the ABM for studying the static and free-vibration behaviors of elastic composite beams assuming that the field element is subjected to a distributed load. To study the dynamic response of elastic composite beams subjected to different moving loads using transfer matrix ABM, it was essential to use a massless field element and concentrate the own weight of the beam at the point element. This model is considered a first step for studying the impact factors of elastic composite beams subjected to moving loads.

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15

BAMBREY, ROSS R., JEAN N. REINAUD, and DAVID G. DRITSCHEL. "Strong interactions between two corotating quasi-geostrophic vortices." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 592 (November 14, 2007): 117–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112007008373.

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In this paper we investigate the interaction between two corotating quasi-geostrophic vortices. The initially ellipsoidal vortices are separated horizontally by a distance corresponding to the margin of stability, as determined from an ellipsoidal analysis. The subsequent interaction depends on four parameters: the vortex volume ratio, the vertical centroid separation, and the height-to-width aspect ratios of each vortex. The most commonly observed strong interaction is partial merger, where only part of the weaker vortex is incorporated into the stronger one or cast into filamentary debris. Despite the proliferation of small-scale filamentary structure during many vortex interactions, on average the self-induced vortex energy exhibits an ‘inverse cascade’ to larger scales, broadly consistent with spectral theories of turbulence. Curiously, we observe that a range of intermediate-scale vortices are preferentially sheared out during the interactions, leaving two main populations of large and small vortices.

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16

ÖZUĞURLU, ERSIN, JEAN N. REINAUD, and DAVID G. DRITSCHEL. "Interaction between two quasi-geostrophic vortices of unequal potential vorticity." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 597 (February 1, 2008): 395–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112007000018.

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In this paper we systematically investigate strong interactions between two like-signed quasi-geostrophic vortices containing different uniform potential vorticity. The interaction depends on six parameters: the potential vorticity ratio between the two vortices, their volume ratio, their individual height-to-width aspect ratio, their vertical offset, and their horizontal separation distance. We first determine the conditions under which a strong interaction may occur. To that end, we calculate equilibrium states using an asymptotic approach which models the vortices as ellipsoids and we additionally assess their linear stability. It is found that vortices having similar potential vorticity interact strongly (e.g. merge) at closer separation distances than do vortices with a dissimilar potential vorticity. This implies that interactions between vortices having significantly different potential vorticity may be more destructive, for a given separation distance. This is confirmed by investigating the nonlinear evolution of the vortices over a subset of the full parameter space, solving the full dynamical quasi-geostrophic equations. Many forms of interaction occur, but merger or partial merger (where the largest vortex grows in volume) is mostly observed for interactions between vortices of similar potential vorticity.

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17

Lee, Hyon-Jee, Jae-Hyeok Shim, and Brian D. Wirth. "Molecular dynamics simulation of screw dislocation interaction with stacking fault tetrahedron in face-centered cubic Cu." Journal of Materials Research 22, no. 10 (October 2007): 2758–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2007.0345.

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The interaction of a gliding screw dislocation with stacking fault tetrahedron (SFT) in face-centered cubic (fcc) copper (Cu) was studied using molecular dynamics simulations. Upon intersection, the screw dislocation spontaneously cross slips on the SFT face. One of the cross-slipped Shockley partials glides toward the SFT base, partially absorbing the SFT. At low applied stress, partial absorption produces a superjog, with detachment of the trailing Shockley partial via an Orowan process. This leaves a small perfect SFT and a truncated base behind, which subsequently form a sheared SFT with a pair of opposite sense ledges. At higher applied shear stress, the ledges can self-heal by gliding toward an SFT apex and transform the sheared SFT into a perfect SFT. However, complete absorption or collapse of an SFT (or sheared SFT) by a moving screw dislocation is not observed. These observations provide insights into defect-free channel formation in deformed irradiated Cu.

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18

Wang, Y. C. "Deflection of Steel-Concrete Composite Beams with Partial Shear Interaction." Journal of Structural Engineering 124, no. 10 (October 1998): 1159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1998)124:10(1159).

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19

Fabbrocino, G., G. Manfredi, and E. Cosenza. "Analysis of Continuous Composite Beams Including Partial Interaction and Bond." Journal of Structural Engineering 126, no. 11 (November 2000): 1288–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(2000)126:11(1288).

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20

Tabssum, S., R. B. Kaligatla, and T. Sahoo. "Surface Gravity Wave Interaction with a Partial Porous Breakwater in the Presence of Bottom Undulation." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 146, no. 9 (September 2020): 04020088. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)em.1943-7889.0001818.

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21

Inc, Mustafa, Samia Zaki Hassan, Mahmoud Abdelrahman, Reem Abdalaziz Alomair, and Yu-Ming Chu. "Fundamental solutions for the long–short-wave interaction system." Open Physics 18, no. 1 (December 29, 2020): 1093–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/phys-2020-0220.

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Abstract In this article, the system for the long–short-wave interaction (LS) system is considered. In order to construct some new traveling wave solutions, He’s semi-inverse method is implemented. These solutions may be applicable for some physical environments, such as physics and fluid mechanics. These new solutions show that the proposed method is easy to apply and the proposed technique is a very powerful tool to solve many other nonlinear partial differential equations in applied science.

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22

Heidarpour, A., and M. A. Bradford. "Generic non-linear modelling of a bi-material composite beam with partial shear interaction." International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics 44, no. 3 (April 2009): 290–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnonlinmec.2008.11.011.

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23

Lin, Jian-Ping, Guannan Wang, and Rongqiao Xu. "Variational Principles and Explicit Finite-Element Formulations for the Dynamic Analysis of Partial-Interaction Composite Beams." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 146, no. 6 (June 2020): 04020055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)em.1943-7889.0001789.

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24

Baraldi, Daniele. "A SIMPLE MIXED FINITE ELEMENT MODEL FOR COMPOSITE BEAMS WITH PARTIAL INTERACTION." Composites: Mechanics, Computations, Applications: An International Journal 11, no. 3 (2020): 187–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/compmechcomputapplintj.2020034460.

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25

Wegner, J. L., L. Jiang, and J. B. Haddow. "On the Interaction and Reflection of Shocks in Hyperelastic Strings." Journal of Applied Mechanics 58, no. 2 (June 1, 1991): 554–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2897219.

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Governing equations for finite amplitude wave propagation in stretched hyperelastic strings are given in recent papers, (Beatty and Haddow, 1985), along with similarity solutions for symmetrically plucked and impacted strings. The similarity solutions are valid until the first reflections at the fixed ends and in this paper we consider symmetrically plucked Mooney-Rivlin strings and investigate the response after reflections. The method of characteristics is applied to extend the results of the similarity solutions and to obtain solutions for the interaction of a reflected longitudinal shock and incident transverse shock and the reflection of an incident transverse shock. A deformed shape, which is not intuitively obvious, is predicted by the solution of the interaction problem and is confirmed by an experimental study. A finite difference scheme is used to obtain numerical solutions, which are valid after multiple wave interactions and reflections occur. Solutions obtained by the method of characteristics are used as a partial check on the numerical results.

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26

Seracino, R., C. T. Lee, and Z. Tan. "Partial Interaction Shear Flow Forces in Continuous Composite Steel–Concrete Beams." Journal of Structural Engineering 132, no. 2 (February 2006): 227–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(2006)132:2(227).

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27

Zhang, Tao, Phillip Visintin, Deric J. Oehlers, and Michael C. Griffith. "Presliding Shear Failure in Prestressed RC Beams. I: Partial-Interaction Mechanism." Journal of Structural Engineering 140, no. 10 (October 2014): 04014069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0000988.

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28

Vresilovic, Edward J., Wade Johannessen, and Dawn M. Elliott. "Disc Mechanics With Trans-Endplate Partial Nucleotomy are not Fully Restored Following Cyclic Compressive Loading and Unloaded Recovery." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 128, no. 6 (June 14, 2006): 823–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2354210.

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Mechanical function of the intervertebral disc is maintained through the interaction between the hydrated nucleus pulposus, the surrounding annulus fibrosus, and the superior and inferior endplates. In disc degeneration the normal transfer of load between disc substructures is compromised. The objective of this study was to explore the mechanical role of the nucleus pulposus in support of axial compressive loads over time. This was achieved by measuring the elastic slow ramp and viscoelastic stress-relaxation mechanical behaviors of cadaveric sheep motion segments before and after partial nucleotomy through the endplate (keeping the annulus fibrosus intact). Mechanics were evaluated at five conditions: Intact, intact after 10,000cycles of compression, acutely after nucleotomy, following nucleotomy and 10,000cycles of compression, and following unloaded recovery. Radiographs and magnetic resonance images were obtained to examine structure. Only the short time constant of the stress relaxation was altered due to nucleotomy. In contrast, cyclic loading resulted in significant and large changes to both the stiffness and stress relaxation behaviors. Moreover, the nucleotomy had little to no effect on the disc mechanics after cyclic loading, as there were no significant differences comparing mechanics after cyclic loading with or without the nucleotomy. Following unloaded recovery the mechanical changes that had occurred as a consequence of cyclic loading were restored, leaving only a sustained change in the short time constant due to the trans-endplate nucleotomy. Thus the swelling and redistribution of the remaining nucleus pulposus was not able to fully restore mechanical behaviors. This study reveals insights into the role of the nucleus pulposus in disc function, and provides new information toward the potential role of altered nucleus pulpous function in the degenerative cascade.

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29

Lu, Pengzhen, Changyu Shao, and Renda Zhao. "LINEAR ANALYSIS AND SIMULATION OF INTERFACIAL SLIP BEHAVIOUR FOR COMPOSITE BOX GIRDERS." Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics 44, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 79–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jtam-2014-0005.

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Abstract The slip at the steel-concrete interface in steel-concrete composite beams was studied analytically and numerically. A theoretical description for steel-concrete composite box beams with partial shear interaction based on the partial interaction theory was derived, and equilibrium of the rotation angle w′ was introduced to allow convenient computation of deformation of composite box beams. Numerical simulations of steel-concrete composite box beams subjected to concentrated load and/or uniformly distributed load were conducted. The analytical solutions show excellent agreement with the numerical results. For typical composite box beams used in practice, shear slip in partial composite box beams makes a significant contribution to beam deformation. Even for full composite box beams, slip effects may result in stiffness reduction. However, slip effects are ignored in many design specifications which use transformed section methods; an exception is the American Institute of Steel Construction [1] specifications, which recommend a calculation procedure in the commentary. Finally, the proposed method was extended to analyze the interface slip for shear connectors of different pitch and, to some extent, confirm the accuracy of the predictions.

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30

Seracino, Rudolf, Chow T. Lee, Tze C. Lim, and Jwo Y. Lim. "Partial interaction stresses in continuous composite beams under serviceability loads." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 60, no. 10 (October 2004): 1525–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2004.01.002.

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31

Goryacheva, I. G., N. I. Malanchuk, and R. M. Martynyak. "Erratum to “Contact interaction of bodies with a periodic relief during partial slip”." Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 76, no. 6 (2012): 745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jappmathmech.2013.03.002.

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32

Martinelli, Enzo, Ciro Faella, and Giuseppe di Palma. "Shear-Flexible Steel-Concrete Composite Beams in Partial Interaction: Closed-Form “Exact” Expression of the Stiffness Matrix." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 138, no. 2 (February 2012): 151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)em.1943-7889.0000320.

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33

Taig, Gerard, and Gianluca Ranzi. "Generalised Beam Theory for composite beams with longitudinal and transverse partial interaction." Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids 22, no. 10 (July 8, 2016): 2011–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1081286516653799.

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This paper presents a Generalised Beam Theory formulation to study the partial interaction behaviour of two-layered prismatic steel–concrete composite beams. The novelty of the proposed approach is in its capacity to handle the deformability of the shear connections at the interface between the slab and steel beam in both the longitudinal and transverse directions in the evaluation of the deformation modes. This method falls within a category of cross-sectional analyses available in the literature for which a suitable set of deformation modes, including conventional, extension and shear, is determined from dynamic analyses of discrete planar frame models representing the cross-section. In this context, the shear connections are modelled using shear deformable spring elements. As a result, the in-plane partial shear interaction behaviour is accounted for in the planar dynamic analysis during the evaluation of the conventional and extension modes, while the longitudinal partial interaction behaviour associated with the shear modes is included in the out-of-plane dynamic analyses. In the case of the conventional modes, the longitudinal slip is accounted for in the post-processing stage where the warping displacements are determined. A numerical example of a composite box girder beam is presented and its structural response investigated for different levels of shear connection stiffness in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. The accuracy of the numerical results is validated against those obtained with a shell finite element model implemented in ABAQUS/Standard software.

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34

Ranzi, Gianluca, and Mark Andrew Bradford. "Analytical Solutions for Elevated-Temperature Behavior of Composite Beams with Partial Interaction." Journal of Structural Engineering 133, no. 6 (June 2007): 788–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(2007)133:6(788).

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35

Heil, Matthias, and Christopher D. Bertram. "A poroelastic fluid–structure interaction model of syringomyelia." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 809 (November 10, 2016): 360–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2016.669.

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Syringomyelia is a medical condition in which one or more fluid-filled cavities (syrinxes) form in the spinal cord. The syrinxes often form near locations where the spinal subarachnoid space (SSS; the fluid-filled annular region surrounding the spinal cord) is partially obstructed. Previous studies showed that nonlinear interactions between the pulsatile fluid flow in the SSS and the elastic deformation of the tissues surrounding it can generate a fluid pressure distribution that would tend to drive fluid from the SSS into the syrinx if the tissue separating the two regions was porous. This provides a potential explanation for why a partial occlusion of the SSS can induce the growth of an already existing nearby syrinx. We study this hypothesis by analysing the mass transfer between the SSS and the syrinx, using a poroelastic fluid–structure interaction model of the spinal cord that includes a representation of the partially obstructed SSS, the syrinx and the poroelastic tissues surrounding these fluid-filled cavities. Our numerical simulations show that poroelastic fluid–structure interaction can indeed cause an increase (albeit relatively small) in syrinx volume. We analyse the seepage flows and show that their structure can be captured by an analytical model which explains why the increase in syrinx volume tends to be relatively small.

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36

Lane Rohrer, C. "Cluster/dislocation interactions in dilute aluminum-based solid solutions." Journal of Materials Research 10, no. 3 (March 1995): 578–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1995.0578.

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The influence of single solute atoms and solute clusters on an extended edge dislocation dipole in Al was studied by atomistic simulation. Single Cu and Ag solute/dislocation interaction energy calculations showed that Cu interacts strongly with an Al extended dislocation and prefers sites in the compressive region, in agreement with elasticity theory predictions. Single Ag atoms, however, are strongly repelled by an Al extended dislocation, in contrast with elasticity theory predictions. Monte Carlo simulations of Al: 1% Cu, Al: 2% Cu, Al: 1% Ag, Al: 0.5% Cu, 0.5% Ag, and Al: 0.75% Cu, 0.25% Ag were carried out in the presence of an extended dislocation dipole at 600 K allowing for solute segregation. Cu atoms in the binary alloys were observed to segregate to the compressive regions of the extended dislocation dipole, forming widespread “atmospheres” over the width of both extended dislocations which did not affect the partial dislocation spacing. Ag in the binary alloy formed small Ag zones which also had little influence on the spacing between the partials. The ternary systems, however, exhibited highly localized solute clusters that had a large impact on the extended dislocation dipole structure, increasing the separation between the partial dislocations. The resulting cluster structures are discussed along with their influence on the apparent stacking fault energy of the alloy systems.

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37

Zidan, Ragaiy A., and Richard E. Rocheleau. "Thermodynamic characterization of hydrogen interaction with iridium polyhydride complexes." Journal of Materials Research 14, no. 1 (January 1999): 286–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1999.0041.

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Hydrogen interaction with solid iridium complexes IrXH2(PPr i3)2 (X = Cl, I) was investigated. Gaseous hydrogen was found to react reversibly with solid chloro-iridium complex IrClH2(PPri3)2, forming IrClH2(PPri3)2H2 The relative partial molal enthalpy and entropy were obtained from equilibrium isotherms at different hydrogen concentrations. The decrease in entropy with increasing hydrogen concentration and the absence of plateaus in the equilibrium isotherms were consistent with a single phase solid solution with two chemical components. Hydrogen release from solid iodo-iridium complex IrIH2(PPri3)2H2 was not observed at temperatures up to 350 K, indicating stronger hydrogen bonding.

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38

Li, Wei, Leilei Ji, Weidong Shi, Yulu Wang, Ling Zhou, and Xiaoping Jiang. "Vibration of Shaft System in the Mixed-Flow Pump Induced by the Rotor-Stator Interaction under Partial Load Conditions." Shock and Vibration 2018 (August 26, 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2059784.

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In order to reveal the relationship between rotor-stator interaction-induced unsteady flow and the shaft vibration of the mixed-flow pump, PIV (particle image velocimetry) and axis orbit experiments were carried out synchronously in a mixed-flow pump under designed flow rate (1.0Qdes) and the partial load conditions (0.4Qdes and 0.2Qdes). The distribution of the relative velocity and the vorticity in the rotor-stator interaction region at a certain position of the mixed-flow pump impeller was captured; the axis orbit diagram and the time-domain diagram of shaft system were acquired as well. Besides, the waterfall diagrams of the frequency spectrum under different flow rate conditions were compared. The results show that the backflow and the flow separation phenomenon appear in the rotor-stator interaction flow field under the partial load condition, indicating the flow instability. The medium-frequency exciting force and high-frequency exciting force induced by these unstable flows resulting from the rotor-stator interaction are the main factors to intensify the shaft vibration at the power frequency. The rotor-stator interaction under partial load condition is the main reason for the deterioration of shaft system vibration. The 2X frequency also affects the axis orbit in a low level, while other frequencies have less influence on the shaft vibration. The research results can provide the reference and theory instruction for revealing the operating characteristic of mixed-flow pump when it operates under partial load conditions and to reduce or to prevent the deterioration of vibration of shaft system.

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Knight, D., P. Visintin, D. J. Oehlers, and M. S. Mohamed Ali. "Short-Term Partial-Interaction Behavior of RC Beams with Prestressed FRP and Steel." Journal of Composites for Construction 18, no. 1 (February 2014): 04013029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cc.1943-5614.0000408.

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Strozzi, Matteo, and Francesco Pellicano. "Nonlinear Resonance Interaction between Conjugate Circumferential Flexural Modes in Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes." Shock and Vibration 2019 (April 24, 2019): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3241698.

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This paper presents an investigation on the dynamical properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), and nonlinear modal interaction and energy exchange are analysed in detail. Resonance interactions between two conjugate circumferential flexural modes (CFMs) are investigated. The nanotubes are analysed through a continuous shell model, and a thin shell theory is used to model the dynamics of the system; free-free boundary conditions are considered. The Rayleigh–Ritz method is applied to approximate linear eigenfunctions of the partial differential equations that govern the shell dynamics. An energy approach, based on Lagrange equations and series expansion of the displacements, is considered to reduce the initial partial differential equations to a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations of motion. The model is validated in linear field (natural frequencies) by means of comparisons with literature. A convergence analysis is carried out in order to obtain the smallest modal expansion able to simulate the nonlinear regimes. The time evolution of the nonlinear energy distribution over the SWCNT surface is studied. The nonlinear dynamics of the system is analysed by means of phase portraits. The resonance interaction and energy transfer between the conjugate CFMs are investigated. A travelling wave moving along the circumferential direction of the SWCNT is observed.

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Chan, Youn-Sha, Glaucio H. Paulino, and Albert C. Fannjiang. "Change of Constitutive Relations due to Interaction Between Strain-Gradient Effect and Material Gradation." Journal of Applied Mechanics 73, no. 5 (July 14, 2005): 871–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2041658.

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For classical elasticity, the constitutive equations (Hooke’s law) have the same functional form for both homogeneous and nonhomogeneous materials. However, for strain-gradient elasticity, such is not the case. This paper shows that for strain-gradient elasticity with volumetric and surface energy (Casal’s continuum), extra terms appear in the constitutive equations which are associated with the interaction between the material gradation and the nonlocal effect of strain gradient. The corresponding governing partial differential equations are derived and their solutions are discussed.

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Naerheim, Yngve, Tennyson Smith, and Ming-Shong Lan. "Experimental Investigation of Cutting Fluid Interaction in Machining." Journal of Tribology 108, no. 3 (July 1, 1986): 364–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3261205.

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Scanning Auger analysis of fracture surfaces of chips from cutting 4340 steel bars and 4130 steel tubing using CCl4 as a model cutting fluid provide evidence that it is possible for cutting fluid or vapor to penetrate into the chip along fissures created during chip formation. Similar analysis of the rake face on the tools provide evidence of partial penetration between the tool and chip as well. The effect of the penetration is to reduce the energy required for the cutting process by facilitating the chip formation and reducing the adhesion forces between the tool and chip. The penetration can be explained by the capillary action of fissures that provide reactive surfaces and fast propagation paths for the cutting fluid and vapor.

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Podolskiy, E. A., G. Chambon, M. Naaim, and J. Gaume. "A review of finite-element modelling in snow mechanics." Journal of Glaciology 59, no. 218 (2013): 1189–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/2013jog13j121.

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The finite-element method (FEM) is one of the main numerical analysis methods in continuum mechanics and mechanics of solids (Huebner and others, 2001). Through mesh discretization of a given continuous domain into a finite number of sub-domains, or elements, the method finds approximate solutions to sets of simultaneous partial differential equations, which express the behavior of the elements and the entire system. For decades this methodology has played an accelerated role in mechanical engineering, structural analysis and, in particular, snow mechanics. To the best of our knowledge, the application of finite-element analysis in snow mechanics has never been summarized. Therefore, in this correspondence we provide a table with a detailed review of the main FEM studies on snow mechanics performed from 1971 to 2012 (40 papers), for facilitating comparison between different mechanical approaches, outlining numerical recipes and for future reference. We believe that this kind of compact review in a tabulated form will produce a snapshot of the state of the art, and thus become an appropriate, timely and beneficial reference for any relevant follow-up research, including, for example, not only snow avalanche questions, but also modeling of snow microstructure and tire–snow interaction. To that end, this correspondence is organized according to the following structure. Table 1 includes all essential information about previously published FEM studies originally developed to investigate stresses in snow with all corresponding mechanical and numerical parameters. Columns in Table 1 provide references to particular studies, placed in chronological order. Rows correspond to the main model parameters and other details of each considered case.

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Ranzi, G., and M. A. Bradford. "Analytical solutions for the time-dependent behaviour of composite beams with partial interaction." International Journal of Solids and Structures 43, no. 13 (June 2006): 3770–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2005.03.032.

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Ayoub, Ashraf. "A force-based model for composite steel–concrete beams with partial interaction." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 61, no. 3 (March 2005): 387–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2004.08.004.

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Lee, Won Kyoung, and Myeong Hwan Yeo. "Two-Mode Interaction of a Beam with a Nonlinear Boundary Condition." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 121, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2893952.

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In order to investigate modal interactions in a subharmonic resonance of a beam with a nonlinear boundary condition, we consider a beam constrained by a nonlinear spring to a harmonic excitation. The resonance conditions considered are ωn ≈ 3ωm and Ω ≈ 3ωn, where 3ωm and 3ωn are the natural frequencies and Ω is the excitation frequency. This nonlinear problem is governed by a linear partial differential equation, initial conditions and a nonlinear and inhomogeneous boundary condition. The method of multiple scales is used to transform the problem into a system of autonomous ordinary differential equations for amplitude and phase variables. The steady-state responses and their stability are determined by use of this system. In order to check the validity of the analytical solution we solve the initial and boundary value problem by means of a finite difference analysis.

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Seeber, R., F. D. Fischer, and F. G. Rammerstorfer. "Analysis of a Three-Dimensional Tank-Liquid-Soil Interaction Problem." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 112, no. 1 (February 1, 1990): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2928582.

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A three-dimensional analysis of the dynamic behavior of liquid-filled elastic cylindrical tanks based on flexible grounds, undergoing horizontal and vertical earthquake excitation is presented. The interaction of the ideal fluid with the elastic shell and with the flexible ground yields a problem of linear potential theory which must be solved together with the equations of motion of the shell and of the ground. With the unknown modal shapes of vibration developed in Fourier and in Fourier-Bessel series, the partial differential equations are transformed into coupled generalized equations of vibration by a weighted residual approach. The results show the strong influence of the flexible ground characterized by a remarkable shifting of natural frequencies, by the existence of additional natural frequencies, and by high damping ratios.

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Willson, Michele. "Social Games as Partial Platforms for Identity Co-Creation." Media International Australia 154, no. 1 (February 2015): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x1515400104.

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While social games such as Zynga's FarmVille are often positioned as poor gaming experiences or as disguised financial and data-extraction processes (Bogost, 2010; Rossi, 2009), this article considers social games as part of a wider regime of social interaction and creative identity work. By definition, social games are located within extensive online social networks. Gameplay is thus situated within a number of overlapping contexts: the game, the broader social network and the material conditions of access, including different devices (mobile or desktop) and different locations. Moreover, given widely discussed differences between social game players and console- and PC-based game players (Wohn, 2011: 199), and game-play mechanics, these broader contexts further a reading of social gameplay as part of the diverse millieux of everyday life. The article argues that social games are spaces of creative expression, social dynamics and identity co-creation that cannot be understood without considering their broader contexts.

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Uddin, Md Alhaz, Abdul Hamid Sheikh, David Brown, Terry Bennett, and Brian Uy. "Geometrically nonlinear inelastic analysis of steel–concrete composite beams with partial interaction using a higher-order beam theory." International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics 100 (April 2018): 34–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnonlinmec.2018.01.002.

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Xu, Rongqiao, and Yufei Wu. "Static, dynamic, and buckling analysis of partial interaction composite members using Timoshenko's beam theory." International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 49, no. 10 (October 2007): 1139–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2007.02.006.

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