Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Paroi cellulaire – génétique'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 24 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Paroi cellulaire – génétique.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Louvet, Romain. "Approches biochimique et moléculaire du développement de la silique chez Arabidopsis thaliana (L. ) : Régulation et fonctions des Pectine MéthylEstérases." Amiens, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AMIE0109.
Full textPlant cell wall is a complex network which consists of phenolic, proteic and polysaccharadic compounds. The latter comprises notably cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectins. Homogalacturonans, which are one of the main pectic compounds, can be demethylesterified by cell wall bases enzymes, pectin methylesterases (PMEs, EC 3. 1. 1. 11), a multigenic family of 66 members in Arabidopsis thaliana. In this study, we have quantitatively and qualitatively analysed the cell wall polysaccharides composition during silique development in Arabidopsis. The decrease in the degree of methylesterification of homogalacturonan and the increase of total PME activity during silique maturation has lead us to investigate the variation in the expression of the 66 PMEs genes, using RT-qPCR, during this developmental process. Our results showed that PME gene expression can be clustered into five groups, and allowed some gene of interest to be chosen for further analysis. For several candidates, the precise tissue localization was realised using promoter::GUS fusions. This showed that one PME gene, At5g47500, is expressed in the shoot apical meristem and is coexpressed in many tissues with the At5g20740 gene, which encodes a putative PME inhibitor. A functional genomic approach showed that the function of AT5G47500 might be related to the fine tuning of the degree of methylesterification in meristematic tissues, which could play a role in the changes in cell wall structure leading to primordia emergence
Turbant, Amélie. "Modification des pectines et développement de la graine d'Arabidopsis thaliana." Amiens, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AMIE0115.
Full textChateau, Sophie. "Les marqueurs de la compétence cellulaire à la transformation génétique via agrobacterium tumefaciens, chez les plantes modèles petunia hybrida L. Et arabidopsis thaliana L." Amiens, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AMIE0105.
Full textLacoux, Jérôme. "Etude de la régulation et du rôle du gène Lupme3 codant pour une pectine méthylestérase de lin (Linum usitatissimum) par transgenèse." Amiens, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AMIE0206.
Full textBaldwin, Laëtitia. "Recherche de critères pertinents permettant de caractériser le déterminisme génétique des effets du froid sur la paroi végétale de pois." Amiens, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AMIE0114.
Full textThe effects of cold acclimation on pea cell wall metabolism were investigated, using an integrated approach, on one frost-tolerant genotype (Champagne, C) and one frostsensitive genotype (Terese, T). Plants were grown under controlled conditions and stipules of cold (CA) - and non-cold-acclimated (NA) plants were harvested at different time points. Cell wall non cellulosic neutral sugar composition, uronic acid content and their degree of methylesterification (DM) were determined using combined approaches including Gas Chromatography (GC), Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy (FTIR) and immunolocalization of pectic epitopes using specific antibodies. The changes in transcript levels of cell wall-related enzymes were investigated using microarrays and the activities of pectin remodeling enzymes were determined. Cold induced differential expression of transcripts encoding cell wall proteins/enzymes. It had consequences on cell wall composition, with opposite changes in the content of arabinose, xylose and galactose residues in Champagne and Terese. Cold acclimation induced an increase in the DM, notably observed by a greater JIM7 labeling in Champagne compared to Terese. Our study demonstrate that, in vegetative tissue of pea, specific changes in neutral sugars and DM is likely to lead to changes in pectin solubilisation, in polymers interactions and an increase in cell wall rigidity during cold acclimation is observed. Our work paves the way for using, in quantitative genetics studies, cell wall determinants as criteria for discriminating between genotypes with contrasting cold tolerance behaviour
Cuello, Clément. "Vers l'élaboration d'un modèle de construction des parois secondaires des fibres de bois chez le peuplier." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2021. https://theses.univ-orleans.fr/prive/accesESR/2021ORLE3118_va.pdf.
Full textTrees are able to grow high et survive many years thanks to their wood properties. Wood delivers three major functions in trees : (i) water conduction, (ii) mechanical support et (iii) nutrient storage. In Angiosperm trees, vessels, fibers et parenchyma rays are respectively assigned to these functions, each of them following their own development scheme. Cell wall composition et structure varies greatly depending on cell type, developmental stage et environmental conditions. This complexity therefore represents a hindrance to study the molecular mechanisms of wood formation. However, this can be circumvented by the development of cell-specific approaches.This work aims at characterizing fiber development, focusing on their secondary cell wall, developing cell-specific methods et integrative analysis at the cell level. Development of ATR-FTIR hyperspectral imaging enabled to finely characterize differences in cell wall composition between cell types in a tree et within cell types in different types of wood. Transcriptomics data obtained by RNA-Seq of microdissected fibers et rays gave rise to major differences in the transcriptome of these two cell types. Combining both kind of result led to the identification of key players in fibers development. Hence, this work opens up new research hypothesis, which could lead to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying wood fiber development, including from a dynamic perspective
Guillaumie, Sabine. "Identification et études d'expression de gènes connus ou putativement impliqués dans l'élaboration et la variabilité de digestibilité des parois du maïs fourrage." Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT2258.
Full textForage maize serves as a basis of ruminant nutrition. Forage feeding value is essentially related to digestibility of cell wall components. Lignin content and structure, and relations between lignin and other cell wall components are the main characteristics influencing forage cell wall digestibility. To date, only few genes involved in the lignin biosynthesis pathway have been identified and characterised, but their variations in expression are not sufficient to explain differences in digestibility between lines. The aim of my PhD is to identify and to study new candidate genes implicated in variations of cell wall digestibility of forage maize. The strategy used is based on a transcriptomic approach. A maize cell wall specific cDNA macroarray was constructed with maize homologs to Zinnia sequences, derived from a secondary cell wall SSH library, and a bioinformatic search of genes involved in cell wall formation. A "Maize Cell Wall Database" was constructed in order to centralize sequences and results from in depth bioinformatic analyses. 683 Gene Specific Tags, derived from 3'UTR of each gene involved in cell wall formation, were amplified and spotted on our "Maize Cell Wall Macroarray". This chip was hybridized with radiolabelled cDNA coming from different tissues of maize collected at various stages of development in order to highlight the dynamics of expression of parietal genes during the development. The cell wall macroarray was also hybridized with radiolabelled cDNA coming from i) brown midrib mutants, which differ by their lignin content and digestibility, and ii) maize lines previously characterized by different cell wall digestibilities. Results obtained highlight integration of lignification in a whole pattern of regulation far beyond genes of the "lignin pathway". The cell wall macroarray enabled us to start visualizing transcriptional co-regulations in genes of cell wall components and highlighting a transcriptional print of a good digestibility. Thanks to the results obtained during my PhD, with the description of an original set of genes implied in cell wall biogenesis, it will be possible to uderstand the bases of digestibility differences observed between maize lines
Al-Qsous, Suha. "Purification et étude de l’expression d’une pectine méthylestérase de lin : rôle de cette isoforme dans la rigidification de la paroi." Rouen, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ROUES050.
Full textPectin methylesterases (PME, EC. 3. 1. 1. 11) are enzymes that demethoxylate pectins in the cell wall. Numerous PME isoforms exist in higher plants; these isoforms are known to play different roles in various developmental processes. Three genes (Lupme5, Lupme3 and Lupme1) encoding PME were isolated from flax (Linum usitatissimum) hypocotyls. We purified the mature LuPME5 isoform which was found to have a very basic isoelectric point (pI 9. 5) and a molecular mass of 35 kDa. In order to understand the possible roles of this isoform in the hypocotyls, we first performed a semi-quantitative RT-PCR in order to compare the expression levels of Lupme5 with Lupme3 and Lupme1. The expression of these genes was essayed in the different elongation and maturation zones of the hypocotyls of 4, 6 and 10 days old plants. The result showed that Lupme5 is the most expressed gene and that its expression profile could be correlated with the cell wall stiffening after elongation. A construct, containing a partial specific sequence of Lupme5 (in the antisense orientation) was introduced into flax genome. The antisense transformants displayed reduction in the levels of Lupme5 mRNA expression, crude PME activity and protein content. A slight increase in the degree of methylesterification of the cell wall was observed in the antisense constructs, indicating the functional efficiency of these constructs
Paque, Sébastien. "Mise en évidence d’éléments de signalisation en aval du récepteur d’auxine ABP1." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112079/document.
Full textAuxin is a key hormone concerning the control of plant physiology and the impact on plant development. Conditional plants for ABP1 allowed the post embryonic studies and have contributed to demonstrate the involvement of ABP1 in a broad range of cellular and developmental responses including the clathrin-dependent endocytosis and the regulation of Aux/IAAs homeostasis. These datas revealed that an ABP1-dependent pathway is acting on transcriptional regulation by modulating the SCFTIR/AFBs signaling pathway. I took advantage of the phenotype of dark grown seedlings to study cell expansion in ABP1 loss of function background. ABP1 knockdown induced modifications of fucosylated form of xyloglucan side chains that are the main hemicellulose in Arabidopsis primary cell wall. All data converge to show that this effect results from alterations of expression of cell wall related genes via the modulation of the SCFTIR/AFBs pathway. In parallel, I used a suppressor approach to discover new signaling components downstream of ABP1. Characterisation of one of the suppressor leads to the identification of a loss of function allele of DCL3. This data demonstrates the involvement of the RNA directed DNA methylation pathway downstream of ABP1
Paux, Etienne. "Identification de gènes-candidats impliqués dans la formation du xylème chez l'eucalyptus." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30126.
Full textGalvez, Lopez Didiana. "Etude des déterminants structuraux et génétiques de la texture de la pomme." Nantes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NANT2036.
Full textTexture is a major criterion of apple quality. It depends of cellular (cell wall and turgor pressure) and histological factors at different scales, which are under genetic control. The objective of this thesis was to identify new genetic markers related to fruit texture traits. A progeny of 150 individuals was phenotyped over two years at three different storage dates for sensory and mechanical traits, for histological parameters and cell wall biochemistry. Significant correlations were found between texture and histological traits, but no correlations were established with cell wall structures. The heritability values for all the traits varied from 0. 16 to 0. 94. The QTL mapping was focused on the 31 most heritable variables. A total of 127 QTL were located on 36 regions within the 17 apple linkage groups : 25 map for instrumental and sensory parameters, seven for histological and 27 for biochemical cell wall structures. 19 regions showed co-localization between sensory and/or instrumental characters with histological and/or biochemistry, revealing for the first time links between the genetic control of apple texture traits with those of structural cell wall determinants. Three regions co- localized with candidate genes related to fruit development and ripening identified in previous studies. These original results open new perspectives for improving the quality of apple by molecular marker-assisted breeding. They also provide a basis for deciphering new genes controlling structural determinants of texture
Lagorce, Arnaud. "Etude du mécanisme de compensation induit en réponse à des mutations pariétales chez la levure Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Toulouse, INSA, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ISAT0021.
Full textSaccharomyces cerevisiae cells are surrounded by a cell wall, which consists of a complex structure essentially composed of polymers of glucose units (b-glucans), of mannose units (mannans) and of N-acetylglucosamine units (chitin). In order to investigate on the cell wall rescue mechanism induced in response to cell wall mutations, we studied five mutants affected in different pathways of the cell wall metabolism. First, this work demonstrated the key role played by the gene GFA1, which encodes a glutamine fructose-6P-amidotransferase, in the activation of the chitin biosynthesis pathway in response to cell wall mutation. Secondly, we investigated the cell wall rescue mechanism using high density filters arrays. This approach led to the characterisation of the cell wall compensatory transcriptional signature and to the identification of a novel regulatory motif named WCE (for Wall Consensus Element). Moreover, promoter analysis of the genes implicated in the cell wall compensatory mechanism clarified the two regulatory pathways underlying this mechanism : the cell wall integrity pathway and the general stress response pathway
Roeder, Vincent. "Recherche et étude de marqueurs moléculaires de la réponse au stress chez l'algue brune Laminaria digitata." Rennes 1, 2006. http://hal.upmc.fr/tel-01115470.
Full textRahantamalala, Anjanirina. "Identification et caractérisation des éléments cis régulateurs des promoteurs des gènes EgCAD2 et EgCCR codant des enzymes clés de la voie de biosynthèse des lignines chez l'Eucalyptus." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/638/.
Full textThe cinnamoyl CoA reductase (CCR) and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) are the two terminal enzymatic steps for the biosynthesis of lignin monomers, phenolic cell wall polymers. To functionally characterize the cis elements identified in EgCAD2 and EgCCR promoters of Eucalyptus gunnii putatively involved in the vascular expression of these genes, a site-directed mutagenesis approach was performed. The cis elements MYB were shown to be critical for the formation of DNA-protein complexes in vitro and for the transcriptional activation of EgCAD2 and EgCCR in the vascular tissues of tobacco stems. We have also identified a new cis element (BSB) in the EgCAD2 promoter, important for the expression in the cambial zone. Finally, we have optimized a protocol for the biochemical purification of cognate trans protein factors able to recognize these regulatory elements
Huis, Rudy. "Régulation des « gènes lignine » chez le lin à fibres, Linum usitatissimum L." Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10050.
Full textFlax is an annual species cultivated for its fibers and seed oil. Flax bast fibers are traditionally used in textiles and since more recently, they are integrated in composite materials used in automobile and construction industries. These fibers are located between the epidermis and the secondary xylem. Their cell walls contain unusually low amounts of lignin (2 %) compared to more classical secondary cell walls (between 20 and 30 %). So we suggest the existence of a special regulatory control of lignification within these fibers. The same types of cell walls also exist in other bast fibers such as in hemp but also in the G-layer of tension wood. Flax is a suitable model to gain knowledge on the lignification process. The reason why the bast fibers are hypolignified is completely unknown and may be due to a regulatory control at the gene transcription level
Chabi, Malika. "Approches transcriptomique et protéomique pour étudier les rôles de l’environnement et du génotype sur le métabolisme pariétal chez le lin." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10206/document.
Full textFlax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is grown for its cellulose-rich bast fibers used in the textile industry and for reinforcing composite materials. Fiber “quality” depends partly on the structure of the cell wall and we have therefore tried to obtain a better understanding of the different factors that can influence the structure of flax cell walls. We firstly confirmed the use of a new Nimblegen microarray changing from a system based on short (25-mer) oligonucleotides to a system based on long oligonucleotides (60 mers). A proteomics approach was then used and allowed us to identify 1,242 non-redundant proteins of which 410 could be related to cell wall metabolism. In parallel we demonstrated the presence of xyloglucan hemicelluloses in flax fiber cell walls and identified an important paralogy in the IIIA XTH (xyloglucan endo-transglycosylase/hydrolase) family potentially implicated in the formation/structuration of the flax fiber cell wall. Then a transcriptomic and proteomic comparison between different field-grown flax varieties (spring fiber, winter fiber, winter oil) over 2 consecutive years allowed us to identify 659 differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) at the variety level, and 1,571 genes at the environmental level. A non-negligible number of these genes is involved in cell wall metabolism thereby providing some initial clues allowing a link to be made between variety and quality. This study also underlined the potential importance of the XTH protein in flax cell wall metabolism. The role of the environment on cell wall metabolism was further explored in a study aiming to dissect the impact of drought stress on the transcriptomes of 3 vegetative organs (stem, leaf, root). Preliminary analyses identified an important number of DEGs involved in the biosynthesis and remodeling of several cell wall polymers
Mathieu, Mélanie. "Expression de gènes "germin-like" au cours de l'embryogenèse somatique et du développement précoce chez les conifères." Lille 1, 2004. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2004/50376-2004-79.pdf.
Full textUne analyse par cytométrie en flux a montré que 70 à 80 % des cellules avaient un contenu en ADN en 2C. Les cellules dans lesquelles le promoteur était activé étaient en phase G1. Par ailleurs, la comparaison de l'activité du promoteur pleine longueur et de deux fragments délétés dans la partie distale montre que l'activité décroît avec la longueur du promoteur. Enfin, nous avons mis en évidence une corrélation significative entre le taux de parois et l'activité du promoteur. L'activité du promoteur LmGER1 a été évâluée en système homologue à l'aide d'un gène rapporteur au cours du développement. Nous avons pu montré que l'expression du gène était tissu-spécifique et avait lieu tout au long de l'embryogenèse somatique. Cette expression est localisée au niveau de la coiffe racinaire et des procambia vasculaires de l'hypocotyle et des cotylédons de l'embryon somatique. Au niveau des jeunes plants, l'expression de LmGER1 est située dans la nervure centrale des euphylles au niveau du système vasculaire et précisément dans le procambium vasculaire mais nous avons également pu constater une expression au niveau des cellules de garde des stomates. Enfin, une construction provoquant de l'IR-PTGS a été introduite dans des masses embryogènes de mélèze hybride afin d'évaluer l'impact de l'extinction de ces GLPs sur le phénotype embryonnaire. Les lignées embryogènes montrant une forte sous expression du gène se sont montrées incapables de maturer. Nous avons ainsi émis des hypothèses quand au rôle des GLPs dans le contrôle de l'expansion pariétale au sein d'un certain nombre de tissus
Romero, Guido Cynthia. "Etude des mécanismes physiologiques et moléculaires permettant la prise en charge des substrats hydrophobes par la levure Yarrowia lipolytica au niveau pariétal." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00825481.
Full textEl, Hage Fadi. "Impact du déficit hydrique sur la dégradabilité, la biochimie pariétale et la répartition des tissus lignifiés chez l’entrenoeud de maïs et déterminisme génétique de ces caractères." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS609.
Full textThis PhD project encompass in a context of global warming and replacement of fossil resources, where both water supply decrease and biomass valorisation optimisation are two major issues for providing sustainable systems of production. Biomass degradability is mainly limited by cell wall degradability and in order to improve it, it is necessary to understand what are the factors involved in the limitation of the degradability. Several studies have shown that cell wall degradability is impacted by the structure and the composition of the cell wall but also by the distribution of the lignified tissues within the organs. To decipher the impact of the biochemistry and from the one of the histology on degradability under different watering conditions, high-throughput quantifications tools for histology and biochemistry have been developed and dedicated to the study of the internode carrying the main ear. The studies were conducted on a maize genetic diversity panel and a recombinant inbred lines population, cultivated during several years under contrasted irrigation conditions in South of France. Our results highlight that water deficit induce an increase of the cell wall degradability, associated to a decrease of the cell wall lignin content and a preferential induction of a cortical lignification, more p-coumaroylated. In original ways, we also detected 90 QTLs for histological traits under the different irrigations scenarios on the maize genome. More particularly, a large region between bin 1.07 and bin 1.11 is involved in the observed variations of the bundle number and the stem section area of the internodes. More generally, numerous QTLs of cell wall composition of the internode co-localised with the ones detected for the whole plant without ear level in the same population. Finally we were able to demonstrate that the choice of the internode carrying the main ear is judicious to represent both histological characteristics from the whole stem and biochemical characteristics from the lignocellulosic biomass of the whole plant. Thus, histological and biochemical traits in maize internode are proposed as particular targets to select lines resilient to water deficit
Boulant, Erika. "Utilisation des pompes d'efflux dans l'ingénierie de la tolérance chez Deinococcus geothermalis." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0764.
Full textThe objective of this thesis was to develop a strategy for detoxifying the amount of an intracellular compound by allowing its exit from the cell through the use of an efflux system.The host chosen for this study is a new model organism, Deinococcus geothermalis. We used efflux pumps as biological tools to allow the release of a compound that became toxic intracellularly. To do this, we first inserted by homologous recombination a selection of genes encoding heterologous efflux pumps into the D. geothermalis chromosome. Then the second step was to determine the susceptibility of the recombinants obtained to high value-added compounds. A number of recombinants with higher resistance than the wild multi-compound strain were then selected. The next step was to verify that the observed resistance gain was indeed due to the insertion of a functional efflux pump into the bacterial shell. To do this, efflux tests using a fluorescent marker, Hoechst compound 33342 or with a fluorescent antibiotic were performed. We were able to obtain proof of concept that a gene encoding a heterologous efflux pump could lead to the expression of a functional protein in D. geothermalis and that this membrane protein allowed the intracellular amount of a given compound to be decreased
Legay, Sylvain. "Caractérisation fonctionnelle de deux facteurs de transcription MYB R2R3 : rôle dans la formation du bois chez les angiospermes." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25501/25501.pdf.
Full textYoussef, Chvan. "Bases génétiques de la croissance hétérotrophe de l'hypocotyle en conditions optimales et sous stress abiotiques chez Medicago truncatula : contribution du nombre et de la longueur des cellules." Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NSARC119/document.
Full textThe heterotrophic growth of hypocotyl is a crucial process for successful seedling emergence. The present study is focused on the genetic determinism of its elongation in darkness in Medicago truncatula by analyzing the number and the length of cells of epidermis, the tissue controlling organ elongation.A large genetic variability of the epidermal cell number of the hypocotyl in seeds of 15 genotypes representative of the genetic diversity of the species was revealed. The stability of this trait in the seeds collected from different productions suggests it is under strong genetic control. This cell number was shown to be the main contributor of genotypic variation of hypocotyl length in optimal conditions. On the other hand, cell elongation becomes the major determinant of the genotypic differences observed under abiotic stresses (low temperature, water deficit).Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) controlling the number of epidermal cells and their maximal length at low temperature were then identified using a recombinant inbred lines population, and those impacting hypocotyl elongation at low temperature were highlighted.Finally, two genotypes sharing a similar cell number but contrasted capacities of cell elongation were compared more in detail. Proteins playing a role in the formation and organization of cytoskeleton and in the modification of the cell wall were revealed in connection with the differences in cellular elongation between genotypes. Moreover, differences in the cell wall sugar composition, in the degree of methylation of pectins and in a potential inhibito
Bedon, Frank. "Structure génique et caractérisation fonctionnelle de facteurs de transcription MYB-R2R3 impliqués dans la formation du xylème chez les conifères." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24997/24997.pdf.
Full textBerrio-Sierra, Jimmy. "Etude biochimique et immunocytochimique de l'impact de mutations génétiques sur la lignification et l'assemblage des parois d'Arabidopsis thaliana." Phd thesis, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00223893.
Full textPlusieurs mutants nuls de la plante modèle Arabidopsis thaliana, dont un ou plusieurs gènes (cinnamoyl-CoA-réductase, mutant ccr1 ; cinnamyl alcohol deshydrogénase, mutants cad-c et cad-d ; aldéhyde déshydrogénase, mutant ref1 ; férulate 5-hydroxylase, mutant f5h) impliqués dans la synthèse des alcools coniférylique et sinapylique, précurseurs des unités G et S des lignines, ont été totalement réprimés, ont constitué les modèles utilisés pour étudier les effets de la mutation sur la composition et la structure des parois. L'analyse biochimique des lignines des plantes mutantes par thioacidolyse, d'une part, et l'étude à l'échelle ultrastructurale par immunomarquage en microscopie électronique, d'autre part, ont constitué les deux principales approches complémentaires privilégiées par lesquelles il a été possible de décrire les impacts des mutations sur la structure des lignines et par là sur l'assemblage macromoléculaire des parois. Les conséquences des mutations se sont avérées tissu-spécifiques et suggèrent une régulation spatio-temporelle de la lignification accompagnant la différenciation. La comparaison des altérations induites dans l'assemblage des parois par les différentes mutations a permis de déduire que les structures non-condensées des lignines assuraient un rôle important dans la cohésion du composite cellulose-hémicelluloses-lignines. L'analyse des impacts des mutations simples ou multiples des différents gènes montre que les effets sur les lignines et les parois ne correspondent pas à la simple sommation des effets de chacune des mutations des gènes, suggérant des régulations croisées. Le développement d'une nouvelle approche de microanalyse impliquant la microdissection à capture laser a permis de préciser pour la première fois les différences analytiques des lignines des fibres par rapport aux vaisseaux, et a montré tout son potentiel pour l'analyse de l'impact des mutations à l'échelle tissulaire.