Journal articles: 'Park managers'

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이덕재 and 오충현. "Landscape Attachment of Park Rangers as Managers of Natural Landscapes in the National Park." Journal of Korean institute of Forest Recreation 14, no. 4 (December 2010): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.34272/forest.2010.14.4.005.

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Petersen, Brian, and Diana Stuart. "Navigating Critical Thresholds in Natural Resource Management: A Case Study of Olympic National Park." Journal of Extreme Events 04, no. 01 (March 2017): 1750007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2345737617500075.

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As global climate change brings an increasing number of ecosystems closer to critical thresholds, land managers face new challenges regarding how to avoid and/or adapt to these dramatic changes. This paper focuses on park management for wildlife species in Olympic National Park, United States. The Olympic Marmot (Marmota olympus) and anadromous fish species are of specific concern, as ecosystems near thresholds due to warming temperatures, change in species interactions, and the loss or degradation of critical habitat. Interviews with 30 park managers and government agency staff indicate that there are many barriers to successfully navigating ecological thresholds. Park managers have limited resources for monitoring and priorities still focus on current conditions rather than anticipating future ecosystem change. In addition, many drivers of ecological change take place outside of park boundaries and require larger-scale approaches. In order to proactively navigate thresholds and protect wildlife species, park managers will need more resources, flexibility, and cooperation outside of park boundaries.

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Owen, C. W. "The jurassic executive park: How esh managers can get out." Environmental Quality Management 3, no. 2 (1993): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tqem.3310030204.

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Castonguay, Yan, Samuel Saint-Yves-Durand, and Rhizlane Hamouti. "The Expectations of Businesses Settled in a Science Park." International Journal of Research in Science 4, no. 3 (September 23, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24178/ijrs.2018.4.3.01.

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Science parks are created to support the development and growth of knowledge-based businesses and to foster the economic development of a region. Based on an exploratory qualitative study, this research project aims, firstly, to understand the expectations of businesses established in science parks, which is not very well documented in the literature and, secondly, to highlight the motivations of a business to settle in a science park. In order to do so, the research is based on a constructivist approach. Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted between September 2016 and April 2017 with managers of organizations established in seven science parks in the province of Quebec, Canada. The analysis these interviews identified six major motivations of businesses to settle in a science park. It also revealed eleven major expectations of the science park's contributions for a business established. As a contribution, this research provides some recommendations not only for the managers of science parks, but also for the managers of businesses who want to be established in a science park. This research provides insights for science park managers about the incentives to set up to attract new business and about the support to provide for the business established in a science park in their development.

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e. Fox, Robert. "Musings on Biodiversity by a Retired Park Manager." Pacific Conservation Biology 10, no. 1 (2004): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc040005.

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Biodiversity continues to decline in Australia despite significant effort by government, industry and concerned citizens. In this essay the author draws upon his >30 years of experience at the sharp end of natural resource management to consider some factors that may be contributing to the relative lack of progress. While national parks and reserves form a small part of the overall Australian landscape their importance in the battle to retain biodiversity is undeniable. However, rigidity of thinking on the part of park managers has limited the support base for parks and thus their potential in leading integrated landscape management at the all-important local level. The rise of animal libertarianism is further impacting on the ability of parks and wildlife managers to make rational decisions based on the best scientific advice. Animal libertarianism, influential in our western, primarily urban-based society, causes significant problems in wildlife conservation. Anthropomorphic concepts of rights have little application in the animal world and contribute even less to the conservation of species.

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Leung, Xi Y., Fang Wang, Bihu Wu, and James A. Busser. "Park users' quality evaluation: applying an analytical hierarchy process for managers." Managing Leisure 16, no. 2 (April 2011): 142–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13606719.2011.559092.

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Ferreira, Sanette L. A., and Gesina W. Van Zyl. "Catering for large numbers of tourists: the McDonaldization of casual dining in Kruger National Park." Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series 33, no. 33 (September 1, 2016): 39–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bog-2016-0023.

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Abstract Since 2002 Kruger National Park (KNP) has subjected to a commercialisation strategy. Regarding income generation, SANParks (1) sees KNP as the goose that lays the golden eggs. As part of SANParks’ commercialisation strategy and in response to providing services that are efficient, predictable and calculable for a large number of tourists, SANParks has allowed well-known branded restaurants to be established in certain rest camps in KNP. This innovation has raised a range of different concerns and opinions among the public. This paper investigates the what and the where of casual dining experiences in KNP; describes how the catering services have evolved over the last 70 years; and evaluates current visitor perceptions of the introduction of franchised restaurants in the park. The main research instrument was a questionnaire survey. Survey findings confirmed that restaurant managers, park managers and visitors recognise franchised restaurants as positive contributors to the unique KNP experience. Park managers appraised the franchised restaurants as mechanisms for funding conservation.

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McCoy, Elizabeth. "Rethinking Florida's State Parks: Strategies for Surviving in the "New Normal" Economy." Practicing Anthropology 34, no. 3 (June 29, 2012): 40–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.34.3.cp277n14264l3041.

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The Florida Park Service manages the sites of fifteen plantations in the area once known as East Florida, including the United States-Territorial-Period sugar plantation known as Bulow Plantation. The plantation is now located within the Bulow Plantation Ruins Historic State Park, located in Flagler County approximately two miles north of the Volusia County line and two miles from the Atlantic Coast. Current interpretations at the park are limited in scope, visitation is considered to be relatively low, and the mill structure and associated buildings pose a variety of management issues. The development of solutions for the Bulow Plantation Ruins Historic State Park will be applicable not only to other plantation sites managed by the Florida Park Service, but any state park in Florida and to site managers beyond Florida's boundaries.

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Sadeghi, Mohammad Ebrahim, and Ali Asghar Sadabadi. "Evaluating Science Parks Capacity to Create Competitive Advantages: Comparison of Pardis Technology Park and Sheikh Bahaei Science and Technology Park in Iran." International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management 12, no. 06 (December 2015): 1550031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219877015500315.

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Many countries have used science and technology parks to develop high-tech industries. In recent years, Iranian policymakers have been keenly examining this institution. By reviewing papers in this field and considering local dimensions of the issue, we tried to present a framework to evaluate the potential of creating competitive advantages by science and technology parks in Iran. Framework contains “human resources”, “R&D and technology transfer”, “market development” and “facilities” aspects with 12 factors. Use of this evaluation framework will help managers and policymakers of science parks to identify the main requirements of companies and strengths and weaknesses of the parks and the ability to provide more effective services. Finally, by designing the questionnaire and asking the experts (owners and managers of companies located in the Park) the Pardis Technology Park (PTP) and Sheikh Bahaei Science and Technology Park (SBSTP) were evaluated and compared in creating competitive advantages for their firms. The results show that PTP is significantly superior in providing the factors.

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Choe, Yunseon, Hoseung Lee, Sangyoel Han, Taekyun Kim, and Kyuwon Sim. "Recognition Difference of Local Residents and National Park Managers on National Park Adjustment: A Case of 37 Cancellation Areas." Journal of Forest and Environmental Science 32, no. 2 (May 31, 2016): 164–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7747/jfes.2016.32.2.164.

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ALBERS, HEIDI J., and ELISABETH GRINSPOON. "A comparison of the enforcement of access restrictions between Xishuangbanna Nature Reserve (China) and Khao Yai National Park (Thailand)." Environmental Conservation 24, no. 4 (December 1997): 351–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892997000465.

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Given limited budgets to enforce access restrictions, protected area (PA) managers and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in developing countries employ a range of policy instruments to conserve the area's natural resources. Natural characteristics of the PA combine with the managers' enforcement activities and other policy instruments to create a set of incentives to which local people respond in making decisions about extracting resources from the PA. The different management approaches employed in the Xishuangbanna Nature Reserve (XNR; China) and the Khao Yai National Park (KYNP; Thailand) and the reaction to the incentives which they create are compared. KYNP managers use policing and punishment mechanisms, in conjunction with limited NGO-supported income-generation projects, to deter resource use. In contrast, XNR managers rely on extensive cooperation with local people and trade-offs between current resource degradation and increased rural incomes.As predicted by the economic enforcement literature, rural people respond to the threat of punishment, and its reduction of the expected benefit of an illegal activity, by reducing that activity, but may undertake socially-costly avoidance activities to avoid punishment. This literature also correctly predicts that XNR managers will concentrate less on pure enforcement than KYNP managers because, as a result of a difference in government mandates, the XNR managers consider the value of the extracted products and the non-PA productivity in their decisions while the KYNP managers do not. In both PAs, rural people's actions affect the quality of resource conservation. In KYNP, natural characteristics and the policing activities deter resource extraction and encroachment in the central core of the Park. Even NGO projects, however, have not controlled extraction, and even agricultural encroachment, in the outer third of the Park, which has caused over-extraction of some resources and has left a ring of highly-degraded land. In contrast, XNR's cooperative management approach has generated more control over the amount and the spatial configuration of resource degradation. XNR's control, however, comes at the cost of reduced area and level of current conservation.

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Ahmad Shafee, Farah Amira, and Siti Mazwin Kamaruddin. "The Effective Characteristics of an Urban Park Through Visitors Perception. Case Study: KLCC Park." Built Environment Journal 16, no. 2 (July 31, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/bej.v16i2.9692.

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In industrializing and urbanizing countries such as Malaysia, urban parks play an increasingly important role in contributing to the quality of urban life and environment. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the effective characteristics of an urban park and the implementation of park management by the private organization at KLCC Park towards increasing the value of life for people living in the city. The objective of this study is to gain an insight into visitors’ perception of the effectiveness of the KLCC Park and an overview of the park management by KLCC Park. This study used a mixed methodology approach. This research used questionnaires as the instrument to record respondents’ perspectives and conducted an interview with a key manager of KLCC Park Management. There were 320 respondents who participated in this study. The study involved a comprehensive literature research on the criteria of urban park effectiveness, passive engagement opportunities and active engagement opportunities, accessibility and safety. The benefits received by the visitors play an important role towards the effectiveness of the place. The results of the study indicate that urban park is receiving increasing attention from visitors, but that planning and management are still not optimal. The finding in term of planning and management of the park can conclude that urban planners and green space managers need to ensure that green spaces meet the demands and preferences of visitors and institutional structures are important for sound green space planning and management. Kuala Lumpur City Centre (KLCC) Park, offers a calm and harmonious environment in the midst of the hustle and bustle of a busy and dynamic city and dissipating the tensions of city living. It was concluded that the criteria of comfort felt by the visitors were very important to the assessment of an effective urban park. Keywords: Urban Park, effective criteria of urban park, benefits of urban park, urban park planning and management.

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Ojewola, Ojetunde, Mark Morgan, and Sonja Wilhelm Stanis. "Vulnerability, Resilience, and Adaptation to Climate Change Impacts: Perceptions of State Park Managers." International Journal of Climate Change: Impacts and Responses 14, no. 1 (2021): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1835-7156/cgp/v14i01/91-106.

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Roberts, David, and Gregory Hallsten. "Plant Community Distribution and Dynamics in Bryce Canyon National Park." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 12 (January 1, 1988): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.1988.2693.

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The overall objectives of the research are: 1. Develop a comprehensive classification for all stages of successional development for all vegetation types within the Park; 2. Map the potential vegetation and current vegetation types throughout the Park; 3. Development a simple succession model for predicting vegetation dynamics for each vegetation type in the Park; and 4. Map distributions of rare or endangered plant species within the Park. The combination of these objectives will provide Park managers with a predictive tool for Park management, and will provide vegetation ecologists with a comprehensive knowledge of the landscape vegetation dynamics of a range of vegetation types.

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Evensen, K. H., G. Hemsett, and H. Nordh. "Developing a place-sensitive tool for park-safety management experiences from green-space managers and female park users in Oslo." Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 60 (May 2021): 127057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2021.127057.

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Bretzer, Ylva Norén, Bengt Persson, and Thomas Barfoed Randrup. "Is public procurement efficiency conditioned by market types? A critical test in park and road sectors in Sweden." International Journal of Public Sector Management 29, no. 5 (July 11, 2016): 488–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpsm-02-2016-0039.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate to what extent contracting out practices has led to perceived resource cuts in the Swedish park and road sectors. Design/methodology/approach – E-survey sent to managers in park and technical departments in the municipalities. Response rate: 39.7 percent. Findings – Decreased costs were found in 25 percent of the responding road departments, in 20 percent of park departments. 49 percent of the road departments responded “no change” or “increase” (48 percent parks). Findings indicate that tendering practices tend to be most commonly centered in Swedish municipalities situated in the three metropolitan regions (Stockholm, Gothenburg and Malmö with suburbs), while such practices are not as common in mid-sized and rural municipalities. In addition, contracting out practices correspond with higher per capita budgets, not with smaller. Research limitations/implications – The research implications are that contracting out tend to occur “where the resources are,” while poorer municipalities either have to contract even if it is more expensive, or, contracting out is combined with other provision models. The limitation of the data are that it based on managers’ perceptions, while hard data have been impossible to map. Practical implications – The uniform assumption that contracting out saves public resources need to be conditioned with context, and initial resources at hand. Contracting out is one option among several possible strategies, especially for mid-sized and smaller municipalities with small budgets. Social implications – The rationalities of local government procurements are bounded by the local market situations and local the budget capacities. Originality/value – This is the first study of manager’s perceptions in the Swedish park and road contexts.

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Dupke, Claudia, Carsten F. Dormann, and Marco Heurich. "Does Public Participation Shift German National Park Priorities Away from Nature Conservation?" Environmental Conservation 46, no. 1 (September 14, 2018): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892918000310.

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SummaryNational park management has the dual mission of protecting and conserving natural systems and providing services to visitors. These two goals are often contradictory, especially when levels of recreation and tourism increase. We studied whether and how the management of the 13 terrestrial national parks in Germany respond to increasing numbers of visitors. One to three managers from each national park completed an online questionnaire and were then interviewed by phone. We found no general strategy for managing high levels of recreational use. Adaptation to increasing visitor numbers seemed to be complex and arduous. Management options are particularly constrained by the mandatory public participation process, in which various stakeholders are involved in decision-making. Given the political pressure to make amends for restrictions imposed by designated protected areas, national park management is characterized by compromises, which results in a shift of priorities from conservation towards service provision. We argue that to maintain the balance between the dual objectives of conservation and recreation, park managers need the support of both social and biological research communities. Above all, the unique ecological merits of national parks could be more strongly highlighted to increase the general public’s acceptance of park restrictions.

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Vang, Maiyoua. "Racial Composition of School District on School Leaders′ Responses to State Takeover: A Field Experiment on the Application of Michigan’s Emergency Manager Law." Journal of Educational and Social Research 7, no. 2 (May 24, 2017): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5901/jesr.2017.v7n2p31.

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Abstract Michigan’s Public Act 436, commonly referred to as the Emergency Manager Law, has provided for state installed emergency managers to oversee financially distressed municipalities as well as school districts. Given that a number of Michigan school districts, suburban, rural, and urban, have been operating at a deficit for several years and yet only the financial status of majority Black school districts (Detroit, Highland Park, Muskegon Heights) have triggered this takeover law, this field experiment investigated the effect of school district’s racial composition on both the level of support for state-installed emergency managers in districts and the level of support for politically material resistance to the application of that remedy. Implications regarding policy and critical policy research are forwarded in light of the results.

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Roberts, David. "Plant Community Distribution and Dynamics in Bryce Canyon National Park." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 11 (January 1, 1987): 19–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.1987.2613.

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The overall objectives of the research are: 1) to develop a comprehensive classification for all stages of successional development for all vegetation types within the Park, 2) to map the potential vegetation and current vegetation types throughout the Park, 3) to develop a simple succession model for predicting vegetation dynamics for each vegetation type in the Park, and 4) to map distributions of rare or endangered plant species within the Park. The combination of these objectives will provide Park managers with a predictive tool for Park management, and will provide vegetation ecologists with a comprehensive knowledge of the landscape vegetation dynamics of a range of vegetation types.

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Shields, Brooke P., Susan A. Moore, and Paul F. J. Eagles. "Indicators for assessing good governance of protected areas: Insights from park managers in Western Australia." PARKS 22, no. 1 (March 11, 2016): 37–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/iucn.ch.2016.parks-22-1bps.en.

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Zenzen, Joan M. "Why Administrative Histories Matter." Public Historian 38, no. 4 (November 1, 2016): 236–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2016.38.4.236.

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This article chronicles the history of administrative histories within the National Park Service. Administrative histories describe the history of a site or a group of parks. They can be important resources for management decisions. Managers, however, often do not know about or pay attention to these documents. Some managers have even threatened the intellectual integrity of these histories. Despite these issues, administrative histories matter: they fill an acute need by park superintendents and others to inform decision making and help with reporting and preservation.

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Gutierrez, R., Douglas Call, and Sarah Rinkevich. "Distribution and Abundance of Spotted Owls in Zion National Park." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 13 (January 1, 1989): 226–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.1989.2841.

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The main objective of this study is to estimate the distribution, habitat use, and reproductive status of Mexican spotted owls (Strix occidentalis lucida) in Zion National Park. This information will allow managers to coordinate park activities that potentially conflict with nest sites, roost sites, or brood rearing habitats. Other objectives of this study are to estimate spotted owl food habits and fledgling success, and to compare these findings with other North American spotted owl populations.

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Humstone, Mary. "Preservation Treatment Guide for AMK Ranch (UW-NPS Research Center)." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 34 (January 1, 2011): 201–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.2011.3903.

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During summer 2011, the University of Wyoming American Studies Program offered âField Studies in Historic Preservation: Preparing a Preservation Treatment Guide for the Historic AMK Ranch.â This 3-credit, upper-level undergraduate course introduced students to the process of documenting and assessing the condition of historic buildings and developing treatment protocols. The majority of the course was devoted to inspecting buildings, interviewing property managers, researching solutions to common problems and writing a âPreservation Treatment Guideâ for use by National Park Service and University of Wyoming personnel. Students also studied log building maintenance and repair at other historic sites within Grand Teton National Park and conducted experiments and demonstrations at the AMK Ranch. Through this field course, students were given the opportunity to assist in fulfilling a contract with the National Park Service and to learn about how the park manages its historic and cultural resources. The course was taught by University of Wyoming Research Scientist Mary Humstone, with assistance from building conservation specialist Harrison Goodall of Langley, Washington, and Grand Teton National Park Cultural Resource Specialist Katherine Longfield

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van Riper, Carena J., Stephen Sutton, Gerard T. Kyle, William Stewart, and Renae C. Tobin. "Bridging Managers’ Place Meanings and Environmental Governance of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park." Society & Natural Resources 29, no. 11 (March 21, 2016): 1342–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08941920.2016.1144840.

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Moyle, Brent D., Betty Weiler, and Susan A. Moore. "Benefits that matter to managers: an exploratory study of three national park management agencies." Managing Leisure 19, no. 6 (May 13, 2014): 400–419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13606719.2014.910003.

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Tonge, Joanna, Susan A. Moore, and Ross Taplin. "Visitor satisfaction analysis as a tool for park managers: a review and case study." Annals of Leisure Research 14, no. 4 (December 2011): 289–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11745398.2011.639339.

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REID, SCOTT E., and JEFFREY L. MARION. "Effectiveness of a confinement strategy for reducing campsite impacts in Shenandoah National Park." Environmental Conservation 31, no. 4 (December 2004): 274–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892904001602.

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The expansion and proliferation of backcountry campsites is a persistent problem in many parks and protected areas. Shenandoah National Park (SNP) has one of the highest backcountry overnight use densities in the USA national parks system. SNP managers implemented a multi-option backcountry camping policy in 2000 that included camping containment with established campsites. These actions were intended to reduce the number of campsites and the area of camping disturbance at each site. This paper describes a longitudinal adaptive management assessment of the new campsite policies, applying quantitative measures of campsite conditions to evaluate the efficacy of management interventions. Physical campsite measurements combined with qualitative visitor interviews indicated SNP had successfully reduced the number of campsites and aggregate measures of camping-related disturbance in the Park, while minimizing the use of regulations, site facilities and staff resources. Implications for managers of other protected areas are that an established site camping policy can minimize camping disturbance, including the number and size of campsites, provided managers can sustain rehabilitation efforts to close and restore unneeded campsites. Experiential attributes, such as the potential for solitude, can also be manipulated through control over the selection of established campsites. Integrating resource and social science methods also provided a more holistic perspective on management policy assessments. Adaptive management research provided a timely evaluation of management success while facilitating effective modifications in response to unforeseen challenges. Conclusions regarding the effectiveness of a visitor impact containment strategy involving an established site camping option are offered.

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Klein, Stephen. "Environmental Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in Yellowstone National Park." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 9 (January 1, 1985): 144–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.1985.2517.

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The sources, concentrations and biological effects of heavy metals in aquatic ecosystems are topics of concern to resource managers and environmental researchers as well as the layman. Numerous studies have shown toxic responses in aquatic biota and man due to the discharge of heavy metals into the aquatic environment. The high automobile traffic densities in National Parks increase the potential for heavy metal contamination of roadside waters which may result in adverse ecological and human impacts.

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Torres, Edwin N., and Marissa Orlowski. "Let’s ‘Meetup’ at the theme park." Journal of Vacation Marketing 23, no. 2 (February 26, 2016): 159–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356766716634152.

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Many people enjoy theme park and other leisure experiences with their families; however, today a great number of single, geographically mobile individuals desire to partake in such experiences. ‘Meetup’ is the world’s largest social network of local groups and thus allows for both online and off-line (in person) interactions. Using an ethnographic approach, this study examines how individuals can enjoy activities centered on common activities, interests, and opinions (AIO) via immersion in a Meetup group over the course of a year. Notably, members visited with greater frequency, had less tolerance for long lines, and were more likely to attend special events, eat at specialty restaurants, and consume alcohol. Group members also exchanged travel advice and both contributed and detracted from the enjoyment of the theme park experience. Membership in this Meetup group increased the frequency of visits and deeper exploration of the theme park resort, thus improving behavioral loyalty among annual pass holders. Managers can learn from these online communities to foster interactions among their guests and better target this new market.

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Monz, Christopher, and Abigail M. Kidd. "Understanding and managing wildlife jams in national parks: An evaluation in Grand Teton National Park." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 39 (December 15, 2016): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.2016.5291.

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As recreation and tourism in parks and protected areas continues to increase, managers face rising concerns of degradation of natural resources and the visitor experience. Many park visitors are seeking opportunities to view or photograph wildlife. Visitor behavior in prime wildlife-viewing areas often involves visitors parking along roadways and exiting their cars to view wildlife. This creates a phenomenon known as a “wildlife jam”, as visitors park informally along a roadway, often becoming pedestrians as they view wildlife, while other motorists attempt to drive through. To date, no studies have comprehensively investigated this phenomenon. Our study characterizes the nature of wildlife jams on the Moose-Wilson Road in Grand Teton National Park. Global Positioning System (GPS) technology was used to collect high-accuracy data on location and duration of the jams. Observations during jams characterize size (how many visitors and cars were involved) and visitor behaviors during jams. Preliminary results suggest that jam characteristics including presence of park staff, species involved, and location, can affect the duration, extent, and visitor behaviors that occur. Understanding the nature of these jams will enable park managers to minimize the potential negative effects of jams on wildlife and the visitor experience. Featured photo by letdown102 on Flickr. https://flic.kr/p/57jUok

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Wallace, George, Pat Reed, and John McKean. "The Impact of External Development on the Economic and Aesthetic Values of Theodore Roosevelt National Park." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 14 (January 1, 1990): 126–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.1990.2909.

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Theodore Roosevelt National Park (TRNP), the only national park and wilderness in the United States, to represent a "mixed grass prairie ecosystem, has considerable external development near its boundaries. Park managers have wanted to know to what extent such development was affecting park values and the visitor's experience. They also wanted a better estimate of the park's contribution to the local and state economy so that changes in visitation might be viewed in economic terms. Additional information about visitor perceptions, preferences, and characteristics was also requested.

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Sundevall, Elin P., and Märit Jansson. "Inclusive Parks across Ages: Multifunction and Urban Open Space Management for Children, Adolescents, and the Elderly." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 24 (December 14, 2020): 9357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249357.

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In urban areas where increased density has caused loss of urban open space (UOS), there is a need for high-quality parks that are inclusive and fit for multiple user groups. To make parks more inclusive, UOS management may need to consider multifunction and the perspectives of various age groups in future development and maintenance activities. Walking interviews were conducted in a park in central Landskrona, Sweden, with children, adolescents, and elderly users, and also with the head park manager of the city. The results revealed different perspectives among the three age groups of users concerning affordances and UOS management. The manager described user-oriented management to support multifunction and inclusion, including user participation. All user groups studied showed an appreciation of liveliness, contact with nature, social places for their own age group, clean and safe parks, and a variety of different atmospheres and activities in the park. Social multifunction can be developed in programmed or non-programmed ways, but some functions interfere with each other. UOS managers can develop parks to suit different age groups, promote user participation within management, and develop social multifunction to create inclusive parks for various age groups.

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Smith, Michael, and Jerrold Dodd. "Effects of Domestic Livestock and Wildlife Grazing in Grand Teton National Park." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 14 (January 1, 1990): 103–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.1990.2899.

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The Snake River plains and foothill areas of Jackson Hole have been grazed by domestic livestock since settlement of the area. Wildlife populations, including elk (Cervus elaphus), buffalo (Bison bison), mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), and antelope (Antilocapra americana) have historically used the area. Moose (Alces alces) are currently relatively abundant. Currently, livestock continue to use part of the area contained in Grand Teton National Park either as a concession or due to authorization by Park enabling legislation. Large grazing wildlife also inhabit the Park area. Park managers need information concerning the effects of grazing by large ungulates on vegetation resources, to achieve desired plant community goals by effectively managing grazing.

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Lyu, Gaoyan, Lihua Chen, and Baofeng Huo. "The impact of logistics platforms and location on logistics resource integration and operational performance." International Journal of Logistics Management 30, no. 2 (May 13, 2019): 549–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlm-02-2018-0048.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between logistics park platforms, logistics location and operational performance. Relationship analysis helps managers respond to the changes that today’s logistics companies face, which include limited resources and facilities, market uncertainties and financial instabilities. Design/methodology/approach A structured questionnaire is developed based on the resource-based view. Qualitative data collected from 273 companies in China are used in a structural equation model to test the conceptual model. Findings In logistics parks, logistics park platforms and location positively influence companies’ resource integration, which is positively related to operational performance. While logistics park platforms can improve operational performance directly, logistics location cannot. Resource integration is thus a full mediator between logistics location and operational performance, while it is a partial mediator between logistics park platforms and operational performance. Originality/value This study fills a gap in the literature on logistics parks, particularly on the relationships among operational performance, resource integration, logistics park platforms and the location of logistics parks in China. The authors provide guidelines for logistics park managers to organize their resources and develop capabilities for improving the operational performance of companies in logistics parks.

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Hu, Jie, Xiong Yang, and Shou Wen Ji. "Data Processing in Performance Evaluation of Logistics Park Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 685 (October 2014): 735–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.685.735.

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Due to logistics parks in China is still at an early stage of development, construction uneven results, this paper conducted a study to address the problem of date processing in performance evaluation of the logistics park. Based on the theory of performance evaluation, combined with the characteristics of the logistics park, given the performance evaluation index system of logistics parks, standardized collection methods of logistics parks performance data, and make operating performance comprehensive evaluation of the logistics park using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The evaluation results can provide data to support the government and park managers to promote the logistics park developing healthy, rapidly and sustainably.

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Tracy, Benjamin, and Samuel McNaughton. "The Interaction of Fire, Vegetation, and Large Mammalian Herbivores on Ecosysystem Processes in Yellowstone National Park." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 14 (January 1, 1990): 177–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.1990.2933.

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There is considerable evidence that interactions among fire, large mammals and vegetation exist in Yellowstone National Park. These interactions are likely complex, and discerning their nature will provide valuable information about basic ecosystem processes in the Park. The fires of 1988 have given us an excellent opportunity to evaluate potential interactions and consequently; provide additional information to resource managers regarding the importance of these factors in ecosystem dynamics.

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Herrero, Hannah, Peter Waylen, Jane Southworth, Reza Khatami, Di Yang, and Brian Child. "A Healthy Park Needs Healthy Vegetation: The Story of Gorongosa National Park in the 21st Century." Remote Sensing 12, no. 3 (February 3, 2020): 476. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12030476.

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Understanding trends or changes in biomass and biodiversity around conservation areas in Africa is important and has economic and societal impacts on the surrounding communities. Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique was established under unique conditions due to its complex history. In this study, we used a time-series of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to explore seasonal trends in biomass between 2000 and 2016. In addition, vegetation directional persistence was created. This product is derived from the seasonal NDVI time series-based analysis and represents the accumulation of directional change in NDVI relative to a fixed benchmark (2000–2004). Trends in precipitation from Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS) was explored from 2000–2016. Different vegetation covers are also considered across various landscapes, including a comparison between the Lower Gorongosa (savanna), Mount Gorongosa (rainforest), and surrounding buffer zones. Important findings include a decline in precipitation over the time of study, which most likely drives the observed decrease in NDVI. In terms of vegetation persistence, Lower Gorongosa had stronger positive trends than the buffer zone, and Mount Gorongosa had higher negative persistence overall. Directional persistence also varied by vegetation type. These are valuable findings for park managers and conservationists across the world.

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Balle, Andrea Raymundo, Mário Oscar Steffen, Carla Curado, and Mírian Oliveira. "Interorganizational knowledge sharing in a science and technology park: the use of knowledge sharing mechanisms." Journal of Knowledge Management 23, no. 10 (December 9, 2019): 2016–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jkm-05-2018-0328.

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Purpose This paper aims to uncover the combinations of knowledge sharing mechanisms that organizations in a science and technology park in Brazil use to share managerial and technical knowledge. Design/methodology/approach This research adopts a qualitative approach that uses a fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis to analyze data that are gathered from 51 managers of organizations in a science and technology park. Findings The results show that knowledge sharing happens regardless of the type of knowledge. There are more alternative paths that lead to knowledge sharing than to its absence. Regarding the type of knowledge shared, there are more alternative configurations that lead to managerial knowledge sharing than to technical knowledge sharing. Only the older organizations in the science and technology park abstain from knowledge sharing. Research limitations/implications Due to the qualitative nature of the study, no generalization is possible. Additionally, the study’s limitation is that it involves organizations from a single science and technology park. Practical implications The results offer managers of organizations in science and technology parks to choose from alternative combinations of mechanisms to either boost their knowledge sharing or to promote knowledge protection. Originality/value The paper provides an original contribution by identifying the combinations of mechanisms that organizations in a science and technology park use that leads to the sharing of specific knowledge types. The findings also identify the combination of mechanisms that older organizations use that prevents them from sharing knowledge.

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Jackson, Patrick. "Situated Activities in a Dog Park: Identity and Conflict in Human-Animal Space." Society & Animals 20, no. 3 (2012): 254–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685306-12341237.

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Abstract This study examines how people engage with the dynamic environment of the dog park in the face of unclear or ambiguous rules and emergent norms. Using participant observation, the analysis shows how, in the formal dog park, caretakers become “control managers” who must negotiate problems related to a variety of dog behaviors, especially mounting, aggression, and waste management. In this process, caretakers use various strategies to manage their own and others’ possible perceptions and understandings of appropriate behavior for dogs in public places.

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STERN, MARC J. "Coercion, voluntary compliance and protest: the role of trust and legitimacy in combating local opposition to protected areas." Environmental Conservation 35, no. 3 (September 2008): 200–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s037689290800502x.

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SUMMARYProtected areas (PAs) have long struggled to successfully enforce compliance with their regulations. Even some of the best-funded PAs in the world face shortcomings in using enforcement as an effective deterrent to PA opposition. This suggests that traditional enforcement on its own may be insufficient for effective resource protection. Research was undertaken to understand why some would-be offenders refrain from harmful actions toward neighbouring national parks while others do not. Perceptions of the trustworthiness of PA managers were the most consistent predictors of exercised restraint on behalf of those living within the immediate vicinities of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Virgin Islands National Park and Podocarpus National Park. These trust assessments were most commonly based upon respondents' perceptions of positive personal interactions between PA managers and the public, of PA managers' receptiveness to local input, of the benefits and disadvantages associated with PA presence, and of PA officials' effective performance of their duties and equitable treatment of different groups. The study reveals trust and legitimacy as key factors related to voluntary compliance in situations where general agreement with PA regulations does not necessarily exist and provides insight into how trust and legitimacy can be developed or eroded.

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Smith, Michael, Jerrold Dodd, Uyapo Omphile, and Paul Meiman. "Effects of Domestic Livestock and Native Wildlife Grazing in Grand Teton National Park." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 15 (January 1, 1991): 165–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.1991.3011.

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The Snake River plains and foothill areas of Jackson Hole have been grazed by domestic livestock since settlement of the area. Wildlife populations, including elk, mule deer, and antelope have historically used and continue to use the area. Moose are currently relatively abundant and a small herd of bison have been introduced. Currently, livestock continue to use part of the area contained in Grand Teton National Park either as a concession or due to authorization by Park enabling legislation. Park managers need information concerning the effects of grazing by large ungulates on vegetation resources to assist in effectively managing grazing to achieve desired plant community goals.

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Smith, Michael, Jerrold Dodd, and Paul Meiman. "Effects of Domestic Livestock and Native Wildlife Grazing in Grand Teton National Park." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 16 (January 1, 1992): 128–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.1992.3097.

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The Snake River plains and foothill areas of Jackson Hole have been grazed by domestic livestock since settlement of the area. Wildlife populations, including elk, mule deer, and antelope have historically used and continue to use the area. Moose are currently relatively abundant and a small herd of bison have been introduced. Currently, livestock use part of the area contained in Grand Teton National Park either as a concession or due to authorization by Park enabling legislation. Park managers need information concerning the effects of grazing by large ungulates on vegetation resources to assist in effectively managing grazing to service forage needs and achieve desired plant community goals.

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Smith, Michael, Jerrold Dodd, and Paul Meiman. "Effects of Domestic Livestock and Native Wildlife Grazing in Grand Teton National Park." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 17 (January 1, 1993): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.1993.3157.

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The Snake River plains and foothill areas of Jackson Hole have been grazed by domestic livestock since settlement of the area. Wildlife populations, including elk, mule deer, and antelope have historically used and continue to use the area. Moose are currently relatively abundant and a small herd of bison have been introduced. Currently, livestock use part of the area contained in Grand Teton National Park either as a concession or due to authorization by Park enabling legislation. Park managers need information concerning the effects of grazing by large ungulates on vegetation resources to assist in effectively managing grazing to service forage needs and achieve desired plant community goals.

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Lindholst, Andrej Christian, Morten Balle Hansen, Thomas Barfoed Randrup, Bengt Persson, and Anders Kristoffersson. "The many outcomes from contracting out: The voice of public managers." Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space 36, no. 6 (October 4, 2017): 1046–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2399654417733992.

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This paper argues that adopting a stakeholder approach to the study of contracting outcomes produces more rich and rounded representations of the realities of the contracting out of public services. We revisit the research on contracting outcomes, highlighting the public manager perspective as key for gaining deeper, more detailed insights. The public manager perspective is explored in an inductive analysis of answers to open-ended survey questions collected from public managers with contracting experience within the context of municipal park management in Scandinavia. The emerging managerial perspective is summarized in a best-case, worst-case and complex-case scenario highlighting the mix, complexities and trade-offs in a composite set of contracting outcomes. The nature of contracting outcomes as complex and composite rather than unidimensional and clear-cut is one key finding. Furthermore, the importance of some specific outcomes (e.g. learning) complements existing research themes. Our findings sustain the initial argument, demonstrating how the stakeholder approach can produce new insights. A key implication is that future research can benefit from assessing contracting outcomes by providing voice to multiple stakeholders.

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Fleming, Gregg, Karen Trevino, and Robert D. Hellweg. "Protecting National Park Soundscapes: Summary of the 2012 NAE workshop." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, no. 1 (August 1, 2021): 4986–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-2911.

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After reviewing the 2010 National Academy of Engineering (NAE) report "Technology for a Quieter America", the National Park Service (NPS) asked the NAE to undertake a consensus study on the importance of quiet to both visitors and wildlife in its hundreds of properties. The aim of the workshop was to provide best practices to assist NPS park managers, contractors, and concessionaires in protecting park soundscapes. The workshop was hosted by the NPS in Fort Collins, Colorado in October 2012 and was attended by twenty-four participants including park personnel and noise control specialists from government, academia, industry and consulting firms. The NAE report published in cooperation with the NPS and the Volpe National Transportation Systems Center identified seventeen cost-effective actions for reducing noise in our national parks. This paper describes and summarizes the issues raised at the workshop and those recommendations.

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SUTTON, STEPHEN G., and RENAE C. TOBIN. "Recreational fishers' attitudes towards the 2004 rezoning of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park." Environmental Conservation 36, no. 3 (September 2009): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892909990270.

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SUMMARYWith the marine environment under increasing threat from multiple sources, the ability of managers to generate support from stakeholders will be vital for the success of conservation initiatives. In 2004, a new zoning plan for the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park increased no-take areas from 4.5% to 33% of the total Park area. The aims of this study were to measure recreational fishers' level of support for the plan and understand how they form attitudes towards conservation initiatives in the Park. A survey of Great Barrier Reef Marine Park recreational fishers conducted three years after implementation of the new zoning plan revealed that 68% of fishers believed that, in general, rezoning the Marine Park was a good idea, whereas 57% supported the actual zoning plan that was implemented. A majority of fishers believed that rezoning the Marine Park was necessary, that the new zoning plan had high conservation value, and that the plan had little impact on their recreational fishing activity. However, most fishers had low to moderate satisfaction with the programme used to consult the public throughout the rezoning process. Logistic regression models revealed a strong relationship between level of support for the plan and fishers' perceptions about the necessity of the plan and its conservation value, the adequacy of the consultation process, and the impact of the plan on their fishing activity. Results indicate that recreational fishers can be strong supporters of conservation initiatives in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park if these initiatives are consistent with their values, and if efforts are made to engage them in the decision making process. These results will enhance the ability of managers to generate support from the recreational fishing community for conservation initiatives in marine environments.

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Miah, Md Rahimullah, Alexander K. Sayok, Ahi Sarok, and Mohammad Belal Uddin. "Applications of Biological Diversity Information Systems towards Conservation at Lawachara National Park in Bangladesh." Malaysian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/mjmbr.v5i2.457.

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The study investigates a framework for Integrated Biological Diversity Information Systems (BDIS) with relevant rules and regulations that emphasize the need for interdisciplinary research collaborations at national, regional and global scales on nature conservation mechanisms at Lawachara National Park (LNP) in Bangladesh. To date, Bangladesh has no Integrated National Biodiversity Database with Clearing House Mechanisms. So, there is a lot of nature conserving problems faced on biodiversity management systems. The study integrates technological information from stakeholders like park manager, biological diversity specialists, network officers, ecological specialists, policy-makers, wildlife managers, academicians and relevant bodies. The study represents the uniqueness of the tools used to enhance conservation professionals on the national biodiversity strategic action plan through existing policies and technology, literature reviews, observations, interviews and reconnaissance findings. Approximately 64% of the respondents agreed for the development of Biological Diversity Information Systems (BDIS) for conserving nature at LNP. The study describes the essential information needed for comprehensive data exchange, data indexing, web-publication and reports on Convention on Biological Diversity with the help of Resources Information Management System. Finally, the study suggests future research trajectories using a new collaborative approach to drive the methodological agenda and recommends ways to further incorporate the information systems integrating next generations’ biodiversity conservation perspectives.

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Digun-Aweto, Oghenetejri, Ogbanero Pipy Fawole, and Peet Van Der Merwe. "Nature Tourism Satisfaction in Okomu National Park, Edo State, Nigeria." Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism 26, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjst-2019-0024.

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AbstractIntroduction. This paper examines the nature tourism satisfaction of tourists visiting Okomu National Park (ONP) in Edo State, Nigeria.Material and methods. Questionnaires were randomly administered to tourists visiting the park. Factor analysis was employed to identify the major issues influencing tourist satisfaction when visiting national parks.Results. The results indicated that the majority of the tourists were youth and were first-time visitors. Furthermore, the results revealed that management, interpretation, accessibility, and expectation are the major requirements for ensuring a good experience and satisfaction when visiting national parks.Conclusion. The results of the research reveal that in order to promote tourist satisfaction, managers of national parks need to pay attention to the proper management of the flora and fauna, including the interpretation of natural features.

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Rouphael, Anthony (Tony) Badih. "Is my marine park achieving its conservation goal? A straightforward analytical approach to help managers address this question." Parks 24, no. 1 (May 31, 2018): 67–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/iucn.ch.2018.parks-24-1abr.en.

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박율진, 김태호, 강대진, and 정정수. "A study on consciousness of users and managers in connection with use of community park facilities." Journal of Korean institute of Forest Recreation 16, no. 2 (June 2012): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.34272/forest.2012.16.2.007.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Park managers'

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