Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Paris (France) History Commune'
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Wemp, Brian A. (Brian Alan). "The Paris Commune and the French right : the reaction of the bourgeoisie." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23857.
Full textBoisseau, Pierre. "La Commune de Paris de 1871 à l'épreuve du droit constitutionnel." Tours, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOUR1007.
Full textThe commune of paris (1871) had escaped jurists however communnards action set maany juridical problems. This thesis palliates this default, studing the creation of the parisian regime, its functionning, theses rules, the project of a federation of communes, and the ties between the french revolution of 1871 and the constitutionnal organization of socialist states
Jones, Emily M. "The Political Nature of the Paris Commune of 1871 and Manifestations of Marxist Ideology in the Official Publications of the Central Committee." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5417.
Full textFournier, Éric. "Paris en ruines (1851-1882) : entre flânerie et apocalypse : regards, acteurs, pratiques." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010568.
Full textAlmeida, Jane Barros 1979. "Educação e luta de classes : a experiência da educação na Comuna de Paris (1871)." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/281162.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: Esta tese realizou uma análise, a partir da relação entre educação e luta de classes, tendo como objeto de estudos a experiência da Educação na Comuna de Paris de 1871. Esta curta experiência foi capaz de revelar a contribuição da educação no processo de construção de uma consciência de classe dos trabalhadores, mediante os debates e disputas políticas em prol de melhores condições de vida e direitos, travados no período anterior à Comuna, a antessala, quando a educação assumiu papel central ao canalizar os elementos de descontentamento e denúncia do projeto aplicado pelo Império de Napoleão III, ao mesmo tempo em que revelou elementos de um novo projeto de sociedade. A experiência da educação na Comuna de Paris foi capaz de apontar rupturas com o projeto de educação republicano, no sentido de indicar elementos para uma educação verdadeiramente democrática, emancipadora, omnilateral, laica, integral, crítica e reflexiva, para ambos os sexos. Assim como resignificou a ideia de público através da educação, desvinculando-o da lógica atribuída pelo particularismo burguês. A educação pública e popular criticou o papel do Estado, delegando aos trabalhadores organizados a tarefa de direção e formulação do novo projeto educacional. Avanços capazes de revelar a importância da educação no interior da luta dos trabalhadores, na construção de um novo projeto societal
Abstract: This thesis conducted an analysis, starting from the relationship between education and class struggle, using as the object of study the experience of education at Paris Commune in 1871. This short experience was able to reveal the contribution of education in building a class consciousness of workers through the debates and political disputes in favor of better living conditions and rights, conducted in the period that preceded the Commune, the precursor, when education assumed a central role, channeling the elements of discontent and denunciation of the project implemented by the Empire of Napoleon III, at the same time that it revealed elements of a new project of society. The experience of education at Paris Commune was able to indicate breaks with the republican educational project, in order to suggest elements for a truly democratic, emancipator, comprehensive, secular, critical and reflective education, for both sexes. It also redefined the idea of public, through education, separating it from the logic given by bourgeois particularism. The public and popular education criticized the role of the state, delegating to the organized workers the task of leadership and formulation of the new educational project. Advances able to reveal the importance of education within the struggle of workers in the construction of a new societal project
Doutorado
Sociologia
Doutor em Sociologia
Gacon, Stéphane. "L'amnistie et la République en France : de la Commune à la Guerre d'Algérie." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000IEPP0018.
Full textBreaugh, Martin. "L'expérience plébéienne : les pratiques politiques de la plèbe entre révolution et démocratie." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA070007.
Full textIn the wake of the political philosophy of Hannah Arendt and Claude Lefort, the present thesis seeks to demonstrate the continuance of political freedom within modern times. Through a critical analysis of the political practices of the “plebrians”, that is to say the “demos”, we attempt to establish the existence of a “politics of the people” that manifests itself through a practice of radical democracy. The thesis is made up of three parts. The first is a historical and philosophical answer to the question “Who are the plebeians?”. The second analyses the types of plebeian political organisations created during the French Revolution (the Parisian Sans-Culottes), the making of the English working class (the English Jacobins), and the Paris Commune of 1871 (the Communards). The third and last part examines the question of the “human bond” produced during the different plebeian political experiences. The interest of this thesis resides in the possibility of escaping two problematic intellectual operations that seem to be dominant today: on the one hand, the reduction of democracy to a set of institutions and procedures, and, on the other hand, the idea that modernity excludes the possibility of the political participation of the people. The “plebeian experience” is precisely that of a democratic practice that goes beyond institutional framework through the political affirmation of the plebs, an essential component of political communities too often seen as being apolitical. Plebeians are indeed “animal laborans” but they are also “zoon politikons”, to use two distinctions present in H. Arendt's thought
Verhaeghe, Sidonie. "De la Commune de Paris au Panthéon (1871-2013) : célébrité, postérité et mémoires de Louise Michel Sociologie historique de la circulation d’une figure politique." Thesis, Lille 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL20010/document.
Full textAt the crossroads of political historical sociology, social history of ideas, and political sociology of collective memories, this research starts from an interrogation on the republican integration dynamics of political radicalism. Itfocuses on explaining the conditions in which Louise Michel, a 19th century woman and anarchist, has become an eligible icon for pantheonisation in 2013. The longitudinal analysis of Louise Michel's career broadly questions the processes of canonization, circulation and transmission which characterize the schemes of political celebration. Initiated by the monographic study of Louise Michel's numerous apparitions, from the last third of the 19th century to the early21st century (press, speeches, memorial events, biographies or textbooks), this essay highlights how a politically marginalized character turns into a leftist icon. It's only by apprehending the political posture and social background ofher interpreters that one can acknowledge the different areas and forms of commemoration. The process of institutional recognition of Louise Michel's legacy is made possible on the one hand by the pacification process of the officialremembrance of the Paris Commune, and on the other hand by the incorporation of Women History in state feminism. It explained the enlargement of both collective and individual identification to Louise Michel's figure. It also authorizedthe hypothesis of Louise Michel's entry to the republican Pantheon. However, this thesis demonstrates as well that some resistance mechanisms remains. The edification of Louise Michel's emblematic figure isn't a linear process but issubject to multiples appropriations that coexist nowadays. Historical figure in collective memories poses a divisive mechanism, characterized by shifting conjunctures that confront forces at the crossroads of different political, activist, academic and intellectual spaces
Petitjean, Joël. "Recherches sur la photographie et la Commune /." [Paris] : J. Petitjean, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35842330h.
Full textBoisseau, Pierre. "La Commune de Paris de 1871 à l'épreuve du droit constitutionnel /." Clermont-Ferrand : [Paris] : Presses universitaires de la Faculté de droit de Clermont-Ferrand ; LGDJ, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37659085s.
Full textBalkir, Elif. "Étude comparative des approches créatrices et technologiques au Groupe de Recherches Musicales à Paris et à l'Elektronmusikstudion à Stockholm 1965-1980 : deux directions artistiques différentes à partir d'une idée commune." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL100.
Full textThe current research is a comparative study investigating the development of creative and technological approaches at GRM (Groupe de Recherches Musicales) and EMS (Elektronmusikstudion) from 1965 to 1980. The thesis examines the main interactions between two pioneers of electroacoustic music in France and in Sweden, namely, Pierre Schaeffer and Knut Wiggen and the evolution of artistic directions within their institutions. The comparative method borrows two main perspectives from linguistics, such as diachronic and synchronic. To this direction, the first part of the thesis evaluates a sort of historical synthesis of musical genres, which lead the artistic directions of those two studios, including their institutional organization, musical creation, technological research as well as Schaeffer’s and Wiggen’s musical concepts. The second part of the thesis focuses on pioneer works analysis in order to explore closely compositional ideas and the problem of acousmatic music analysis. The analysis method is based on Jean Molino’s tripartite theory developed by J.J. Nattiez (poietic/neutral/esthesic level of an art work) and Stéphane Roy, which contributes to analyze the compositional structure, organization and the composer’s style related to technological equipment of the studios. The first step of music analysis reconstructs a sort of transcription within the neutral level analysis by means of Lasse Thoresen’s graphical symbols inspired by Schaeffers’s typo-morphology. The second step seeks to confront the neutral level results with external poietic information in order to explore and to compare some hypothetical significations of analyzed musical pieces. In conclusion, the end goal is to determine a methodology inspired by the tripartite theory for an in-depth understanding of acousmatic music analysis and to establish a historical documentation on French and Swedish electroacoustic music within the development of technology
Higgins, Mark. "The British response to the Paris Commune of 1871." Thesis, Keele University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385662.
Full textStewart, Pamela Joan. "Invisible Revolutions: Women's Participation in the 1871 Paris Commune." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194851.
Full textPetitjean, Joël. "Recherches sur la photographie et la Commune." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040075.
Full textPhotographies on paris commune (1871) are very often reproduced for illustration purposes in historical publications. For many years, it is regularly question of theses pictures in works dedicated to photography. Nevertheless it odes not exist yet any reference book. The reading of contradictory commentaries justify an open analysis, of aesthetic, historical and sociological nautre, based on a methodical inventory of pictures. For fhe first time, this work direct in public collections (paris, bibliotheque nationale, etc. ) has been made. This report includes a study accordingy to three approaches : a typological and thematic analysis, a situation of the pictures in comparison with other means of representation (endgraving) or expression (writting), an analysis of the various photography appropriations created by the events. The stidy is followed up of a chronology, of an important catalogue of printings and albums, including biographical notes, of a bibiliography, and of a choice of reproductions. In an extreme historic situation, the photography takes a wider place and is revealing. Some of its uses are systematized (communication, propaganda, police identification). Antidote against spacio-temporal distance, photography is a vehicle for some aspects of reality. It searches its identity in its relation to the event, it registers the sites and the characters, in an increasing proximity report "historical photography" is syubstituating to history painting. Photography transmits symbols, contributes to conditioning. It is used, and censored by authorities
Barzanooni, Anousheh. "L'architecture commune à Paris au XVIe siècle (1530-1600)." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEP037.
Full textThe modest houses are rarely taken into account in capital architecture studies of 16th century. However, they represented the majority of construction activity in Paris at that time, and many examples still exist today, but they are often difficult to identify because of the transformations in later times. Their study was conducted for the period 1530 to 1600. It was carried out following three complementary axes : a review of the notarial archives of the 16th century, a study of iconographic sources and, finally, an analysis of old houses preserved. In confronting these three types of sources, some questions were raised about the role of project owners and project managers, masons and carpenters, the persistence of traditional medieval forms, the influence of first architectural treatises and aristocratic building on minor architecture, especially in the field of decor. The evolution of construction regulations has also been taken into account in order to evaluate the consequences on Parisian buildings. The purpose of this research was to describe the morphology of the houses, to specify the techniques and materials used and to observe the changes during the period. Finally, we tried to identify examples of Parisian houses built in the 16th century, still existing, and to document them over a long-term, to date the changes made to the initial construction
Lebarbe, Philippe. "Les tribunaux militaires et les evenements de la commune de paris de 1871." Reims, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REIMD003.
Full textAfter having presented the aims of his work, outlined the points that he had raised to elabored his thesis and detailled the archive sources (the army historical servi ce), the author recounts the events of the commune from 1870 to 1871 in a introductory chapter. He presents the 1857 military code of justice which governs the procedure of the "conseil de guerre" that were referred the insur rectionary events by the adolphe thiers government. In the first section, the author outlines the conditions under which the judicial supression was set up : - summary executions, - conditions of detention, - the legal modifications to the military code of justice. In the second section the author studies the "conseil de guerre" : statistics, sentences etc. . . From documentation found in the prisoner's files, he covers each appeal tri bunal : "conseil de revision" "cour de cassation" in the separate chapters. He concludes that the judgements passed were perfectly legal. In the general conclusion, after situating the political and parliamentary debates that led to the amnestry of those involved in the 1880 uprising, the author finishes by posing the question ; with different clauses within the military code of justice, would the verdicts still have been the same ?
Châtelain, Dominique. "Institutionnalisation : vie et mort des prophéties : République, Ecole publique et Commune de Paris." Paris 8, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA081479.
Full textThis research is aiming at a definition of the concept of institutionnalization, the + moment; (hegel) outcoming of the opposition between the +instituted universal; and the +instituting particular ;. The +instituting moment; is based through a prophecy which has a relation of contradiction beeing principal in the eyes of the particular. The + moment; of the institutionnalization is the one when the principal contradiction for the particular becames secundary through realization or obsolescence of the prophecy. This definition needs the criticism of hegel's dialectic, such as marx has directed it, and needs also the criticism of the rigid dialectic of marxist posterity, reduced after the commune to the mere antagonistic categories (from which one of the two terms has to disapear). This definition is built up on previous and diverging definitions, from weber to lourau, and on the analysis of the commune. The manipulation used by hegel substituting the idea to the object in order to demonstrate the immanence of the monarchistic constitution, was demonstrated only to substitute an other idea. The proletariat, so declared as object and ultimate social class supposed to put an end to the class struggle, the commune making it an evidence. The educational determination has left behind the theoretical deficiencies that marx had no time to fill in and that lenine had defmetely hidden. Analysis shows the institutionnalization of the idea of proletariat, but also the function of the commune in the constitutionnalization of the third republic and lets us start a thinking about the subjects : + prophet;, + heir;, + anser; and + feeder ; of power, and about the use of the myth to maintain the power. This analysis pickpoints also the danger of an institutionnalization refusing to recognize itself through the self claiming ofo declared antagonism, leading to deny (suicides within sects) or destroy any kind of criticism, in a process so described as the p. P. P. Effect {petit pere des peuples) from the stahnist trials. The same danger is analysed at the light of a specific experience of struggle against illitaracy. Ln front of the emergent refusal of french school, the school system caught m its initial prophecy under the third republic, locks itself up in all tension places in a kind of safety syndrome, dangerous for the future
Orobon, Marie-Angèle. "La commune de Paris en Espagne : de la presse au roman populaire." Paris 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA030094.
Full textThis study aims to define the image of the commune in spain at the time of the events. The echoes of the french events intensified oppositions and aroused passions and utopias in a spain ripe with political crisis. The first part, devoted to the press, stresses the weight of foreign avents in domestic policies starting with the franco-prussan war. The second part analyses the repercussions of the fall of the paris commune on spain, the interpretations of the french movement in the spanish historical studies of the late 19th century and, finally, the immediate turning into a myth of t he commune as effected by the federalist republicans and the internationalists. The last part studies the representation s of the commune in popular novels, in which a caricatured commune serves as anti-intrenationalist propaganda. The whole study tries to show the dependency of spain on the french model or anti-model
Pawlotsky, Isabelle. "Monographie d'un quartier artistique : Montmartre 1871-1910." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100106.
Full textGuinn, Eliza. ""A Spectacle of Vice": Sex Work and Moralism in the Paris Commune of 1871." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1525435538876463.
Full textMacdonald, Simon James Stuart. "British communities in late eighteenth-century Paris." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609294.
Full textBats-Sardain, Marie-France. "Un siècle de la défense de Paris (1814-1914)." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100085.
Full textThe defence of Paris was non-existent when allied army access to Paris in 1814-1815. Many discussions between civilians and military people take place between 1818 and 1836. After this period, outworks were decided by Thiers in 1840, he was Louis-Philippe ministry. The conception of defence was organized by a surrounding wall around Paris and 16 forts outside of the city. The technics were already decayed in front of German artillery. Anyway, the prussians never attack Paris but lay siege around Paris. The two sieges of paris imposed a technical evolution in the defence of the city. A new programm of fortress was decides and general Séré de Rivieres, in charge of sappers managed the projects. From 1874 to 1881, it was built 18 outworks, 5 redoubts and 34 batteries around Paris. Just finished, these constructions were already out-of-date. In 1885, a new explosive called "Melinite" broken down all walls without beton. A projetc was studied for pulling down the old wall of the city. But the war of 1914 started and nothing happens. Gallieni? General governer of paris decided to retore the outworks because Paris was again in danger. By chance, the german army move in the south-east direction and in this position, Paris was safe
Godineau, Laure. "Retour d'exil : les anciens communards au début de la troisième république." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010525.
Full textPorfido, Ida. "La mise en scène du Peuple de la Commune par Jules Vallès." Paris 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA030011.
Full textThe thesis is based on the relationship between the self and the people in the work of the last century freanch writer. It aims at grasping the differetn images of his socio-political environment giving vent to his commitment towards reality along the years (from 1871 to 1885) and in his works (a newspaper: "le cri du peuple"; a drama : "la commene de paris"; a novel "l'insurge")
Xiu, Huajing. "Shanghai - Paris : Chinese painters in France and China, 1919-1937." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365677.
Full textArcher, Janice Marie. "Working women in thirteenth-century Paris." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187182.
Full textJohn, Philip Owen. "Publishing in Paris, 1570-1590 : a bibliometric analysis." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1971.
Full textMunier, Véronique. "Représentation discursive de l'enthousiasme : Révolutions de Paris." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26746.
Full textMaire, Claude. "Commerce et marché du fer à Paris d'environ 1740 à environ 1815." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74009.
Full textHalloran, Brian Michael. "The Scots College Paris, 1653-1792." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13645.
Full textVouette, Isabelle. "Millet, panis, sarrasin, maïs et sorgho : les menus grains dans les systèmes agricoles anciens (France, milieu du XVIe siècle - milieu du XIXe siècle)." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA070055.
Full textUntil the XIX th century. The economical, alimentary and symbolic interests of small grains set them apart the mass of the winter com. However the economic, demographic, geographic and social standing of so many different plants like birdseed, buckwheat, maize or sorghum is shown by the study of various sources materials, such as botany's treaties, manuals of agriculture. Napoleonic's statistics. And mails between administrators of provinces, farming handbook, market prices lists or legal publications. All of these plants are first difficult to identify in the XVf1 century, but their designations become clearer with the Linnean System. They all belong to a coherent rural System. These spring grains are part taking to the rotations of crops. So they can replace the winter com (wheat, rye). They are not suitable for making bread, but making gruel. This fonction is however unusual. First they feed cattle and smaller livestock, including, pigs and poultry. Next they are used to make some local handcrafts (long-handled brush with sorghum or mattress with maize's leaves). The urban demand in foie gras, capon and smoked ham justify keeping these culture, which are supposed to have all qualities to fatten smaller livestock. At last, when whe analyse all the documents for three centuries, culture and valorisation of minor grains are a perfect example of the strict separation of the tasks between men and women. Seeding, weeding fields, keeping poultry, selling in the market are female activities. Even though the erudite world (agronomists, botanists, medical doctors) find fault with all the minor grains, they resist and survive through the regional cooking (gaudes in Bresse, milias in Languedoc or pancakes in Britain)
Stara, Alexandra. "Lenoir, Quatremère and the hermeneutic significance of the Musée des Monuments français." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ad27bf29-8c6f-4926-949e-2395c9b7099b.
Full textLeenaerts, Danielle. "Analyse historique et artistique du magazine Vu (1928-1940), hebdomadaire d'informations générales illustré par la photographie." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211383.
Full textSotteau, Stéphanie. "Appert, photographe parisien (1860-1890) : atelier et actualité." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040113.
Full textE. Appert (1831-1890) is a photographer known for his prisoners’ portraits after the Commune of Paris and for his photomontages of Crimes de la Commune. Meanwhile, he has begun his career before 1871 and for nearly thirty years. This photographer was in fact like a “reporter” looking after events of the moment. Weaving useful links with the Justice and the Paris police headquarters, his portraits and montages reflected political occurrences. Considered as a supporter of Thiers and closed to imperial family, Appert photographed above all the pick of Politic, Army and of the Church without choosing any side. He made a type of portrait, pure without any ornament: the model, politic or prisoner, seated on a simple chair in front of a plain background. His photomontages made carefully were mostly group portraits for political and judiciary actuality. The photographer developed narrowed links with illustrated press and has published portraits as early as the beginning of 1860 portraits in Le Monde Illustré and L’Illustration. This followed collaboration was an opportunity to be known by the public. From a modest social sphere, photography was a way for Appert to rise himself into the society. His commercial opportunism allowed the photographer to survive to economic and political difficulties throw the end of the Second Empire, siege of Paris, civil war and Third Republic
Cuvelier, Laurent. "La ville captivée : affichage et économie de l’attention à Paris au XVIIIe siècle." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IEPP0034.
Full textParis in the XVIIIth century was characterized by important evolutions in consumerism and exchanges. In this context, commercial posters and personal ads started to compete with state public writings and libels on display in previous centuries. They were instrumental in creating a new form of urban attention, which was not only based on sounds and spoken langage, but also on visual and written signs. This attention economy caused a change in the printing trade, giving birth to professional bill-stickers or information entrepreneurs. It was also linked to typographic techniques and to street furniture designed to catch the Parisians’ attention and to occupy some city places. In that context, urban authorities took steps to control the walls to challenge the attention-seeking posters. In that respect, the XVIIIth century marks the origin of a long history of poster regulation in France. If today, bill-posting is linked to over-saturated urban landscapes and to alienating advertisements, when considered in the Parisian streets of the Enlightenment and the French Revolution, they reveal how powerful posters were at the time. They were thought of as a device, a deceiving one indeed, but one structuring the urban experience, an educational device allowing to spread information about the rules and the law to as many people as possible, or a medium to get involved in the democratic public sphere which is gaining ground in 1789. This study will analyze the way citizens engage with the city and their use of the public sphere
Bronfman, Beverly. "Gavarni and the Opéra Masked Ball." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55817.
Full textLe thème des bals masqués de l'Opéra est intimement lié au peintre et graveur français du XIXe siècle Guillaume Sulpice Chevalier, dit Gavarni (1804-1866). Entre 1830 et 1853, celui-ci a produit plus de deux cents lithographies sur ce sujet, dont la majorité ont été publiées dans la presse populaire de l'époque. Ces scènes et les légendes qui les accompagnent--bribes de conversations réelles-évoquent l'esprit des bals. Chronique visuelle irrésistible, ces gravures dépeignent les moeurs et les manières de la société parisienne de l'époque. La présente thèse propose une analyse visuelle rigoureux du traitement de ce phénomène par Gavarni qui s'appuyer sur des témoignages littéraires contemporains pour élucider le sens de ses gravures. fr
Wilson, Aubrae N. "The Great Rivalry: The Planning Legacies of London and Paris in the Modern Era." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1157578/.
Full textGimbal, Julie. "L’architecture de grande hauteur à Paris (1893-1973) : débats et hypothèses autour d’une spécificité française." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL152.
Full textHigh-rise architecture raises a whole set of urban mythologies and historical constructions that, indefinitely, value its symbolic dimensions or debate its definition, its place of birth and its place in modern times. The skyscraper, the tower are objects of fascination often taken in the frame of great narratives which, by noting the most striking manifestations, omit the minor traces which are so fundamental echoes of the emission and the reception of architecture, likely to rebalance the speeches. Thanks to a large body of works and sources, this research project aims to understand the ideological and urban situation of high-rise architecture in Paris, its emergence in the French opinion in 1893 (World Fair of Chicago) to its condemnation in the early 1970s, under the action of convergent criteria: Olivier Guichard's Circular of March 21, 1973 (Tours and Barres) and the stop of the towers proclaimed a year later by the president of the Republic Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
Ballon, Hilary Meg. "Architecture and urbanism in Henri IV's Paris : the Place Royale, Place Dauphine, and Hôpital St. Louis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/71371.
Full textMICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH.
Includes bibliographical references (v. 2, leaves 348-379).
This dissertation concerns the extensive building program which Henri IV undertook in Paris from 1600 to 1610. Focusing on the place Royale (now called the place des Vosges) , the place Dauphine, rue Dauphine, and Pont Neuf, and the hôpital St. Louis, this study holds that Henri IV's urbanism was guided by an emerging view of the city as a unified entity. Drawing from newly uncovered notarial documents, the dissertation examines the form and the function of the monuments and argues that each building was embedded in its physical context, engaged in the life of the city, and informed by an underlying urban vision . First, the buildings were not autonomous geometric forms dropped into open spaces; they were conceived as parts of a larger urban composition, structured by axes which linked the monuments to major roads without however diminishing the quality of spatial enclosure which the designs also promoted. Second, the squares and the hospital were each charged with a program anchored in the commercial, social, and sanitary life of the city. The place Royale and place Dauphine were planned as residential and commercial squares to stimulate trade and manufacturing while the hôpital St. Louis was intended to minimize the convulsive effect of the plague on the city. Finally, the dissertation argues that the royal building program was not merely a sequence of unrelated improvements and isolated adornments, but rather a series of coordinated efforts to impose a unifying order on the city. The monuments were assigned functions which addressed the city as a whole . They were physically linked to more distant parts of the city, and they were composed to create grand urban vistas. The urban fabric was no long e r conceived as an accumulation of fragments contained within the walls; it was understood as a cohesive network with its own internal order.
by Hilary Meg Ballon.
Ph.D.
Lepore, Ilaria. "Le théâtre polémique ou comment faire l'histoire sur la scène : la concurrence entre Comédie Française, Comédie Italienne et Théâtres de la Foire et ses effets sur la vie théâtrale pendant la première moitié du XVIIIe siècle." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040219.
Full textThe term «polemical theatre» indicates the dramaturgical production which developed during the first part of the 18th Century, within the specific political-economic competitive framework that involved the three most active theatres in Paris at that time: the «Comédie Française», the «Comédie Italienne» and the «Théâtres de la Foire». The «polemical text» relies on an «allegorical device», which is based on the dynamical interaction between the fictionalisation and the relation to the referent. It belongs to the domain of the «littérature de circonstance» or «littérature d’actualité», and it can be considered a «trans-textual practice». The polemical author speaks or writes in reaction to an unfortunate event (interdiction, censorship, etc.), and to oppose a rival writer. This event, occurring outside of the text, becomes the subject of a theatrical fiction through which the author tries to modify the history path, to reverse the force relationships and to act on the audience in order to gain its consent. The role that the audience plays in the polemical comparison, makes the plot evolving from an anecdotal (and thus marginal) story to a public interesting one. So we could say that, far from «historicizing theatre», the polemical theatre does «dramatize History». In conclusion, my work aims at looking on polemical dialectics as one cause of the weakening of a system based on privileges, whose esthetical corollary is the precept of hierarchization and separation of the theatre genres
Con il termine «teatro polemico» si designa la produzione drammaturgica che si sviluppa nella prima metà del XVIII secolo all’interno di uno specifico contesto politico-economico di concorrenza tra i tre teatri operanti a Parigi, la Comédie Française, la Comédie Italienne e i Teatri de la Foire. Il testo polemico si caratterizza per la messa in atto di un dispositivo allegorico, basato sulla tensione dinamica tra elementi finzionali e elementi referenziali. Esso appartiene, inoltre, alla categoria della letteratura di circostanza, o di attualità, e s’inscrive all’ambito delle “pratiche transtestuali”. L’autore polemico reagisce in reazione a un avvenimento sfavorevole (un’interdizione, una censura etc.), e contro un avversario; tale avvenimento, che si situa in una dimensione extra-testuale, costituisce la materia della finzione teatrale attraverso la quale l’autore cerca di modificare il corso della storia, di invertire il rapporto di forza, di agire infine sullo spettatore per guadagnare il suo consenso. Il ruolo che lo spettatore occupa nel confronto polemico determina il passaggio da una storia in forma aneddotica, et dunque marginale, a una storia di “interesse pubblico”, in cui si mobilitano strategie persuasive, attraverso l’individuazione dei portavoce legittimati a reclamare et gestire la controversia. Si può dire, infine, che invece che “storicizzare il teatro”, il teatro polemico, “teatralizza la storia”. L’obiettivo del nostro studio è di individuare nella dialettica polemica una delle cause dell’indebolimento del sistema dei privilegi e del suo corollario estetico, quello del principio di gerarchizzazione e differenziazione dei generi teatrali
Pastorello, Thierry. "Sodome à Paris : protohistoire de l'homosexualité masculine fin XVIIIe - milieu XIXe siècle." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00392241.
Full textMahmoud, Nidhal. "Lucien Descaves au miroir de son œuvre : des sillons naturalistes aux idéaux libertaires." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040096.
Full textLucien Descaves was hardly ever republished and is rarely represented in public archives. He is the perfect example of the unsung writer, confined to a reductive image which doesn’t reflect the richness and diversity of his work. He had a long and important career as a journalist, a novelist, a dramatist and a member of the Goncourt Academy; however, literary history only teaches us about his early days as a naturalist and about the tumultuous trial that took place when his novel Sous-Offs was published, which helped to make him famous for a while. It is an indisputable fact that Descaves, in his beginnings, remained under the influence of Zola and that the Sous-Offs trial remains an important moment of the history of the intellectuals mobilization in France. Nevertheless, it seems unfair to reduce the life and work of Lucien Descaves to the 1880-1890 decade, since he was very committed to the literary life of his time, to active journalism and to social comedy. This thesis precisely tries to address such an injustice. We have been studying both the genetic and thematic aspects of the intellectual career of Lucien Descaves in order to identify the various causes he tried to stand up for as an active author, journalist and academician. The key notions of “naturalism” and “libertarian”, which appear in the subtitle, underline the development of a progressive conversion which is the outcome of our study
Hepburn, Jasmin Kira Rennie. "Nicolas Bohier (1469-1539) and the ius commune : a study in sixteenth-century French legal practice." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/22048.
Full textRichard, Guillaume. "Enseigner le droit public à Paris sous la Troisième République." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100156/document.
Full textPublic law has been instrumental in organizing Law Schools in France since the late 19th century. However, the notion remains problematic: based on the example of the Law School of Paris, the purpose of this study is thus to examine its specific impact on legal teaching. The Parisian School of Law, by far the biggest and closest to political institutions, played a leading role in the reforms which led to a generalization of public law in Law Schools during the Third Republic. Its framework provides a good example of how legal scholars have specialized after the separation, in 1896, of the agrégation recruitment competition into different sections, one of them being for public law and one for private law. Far from being simple, these evolutions remain unstable. Public law scholars both wish to distinguish themselves from the dominating civilists, and to maintain the unity of legal science. Public law itself is not a homogeneous field of knowledge. A collection of disciplines (administrative law, international public law, constitutional law, financial legislation) rather than a coherent science, it is characterized by two trends: the first sees public law as a formalized and autonomous body of knowledge, able to comprehend facts through its distinctive logic; on the contrary, the second trend sees it simply as a part of political and economic sciences. Before the supremacy of the first trend imposed itself – rather late – in the first half of the 20th century, public law was considered a social knowledge, used to explain contemporary political events
Bret, Thierry. "La violence dans la Trilogie de Jules Vallès." Nice, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NICE2007.
Full textThe novelist Jules Vallès (1832-1885) is not a theorist, much less a theorist of violence. In contrast to what it was for a Blanqui or an Engels, violence was not, for Vallès, a means to a political or an economic end. Rather, out of what Pasolini would have called his "violent life", he made a novel that is part recollection, part re-creation. For Jacques Vingtras, the fictional double of the author in L'Enfant (1879), Le Bachelier (1881) and L'Insurgé (1886), the problem is not to reflect – nor, indeed, to reflect upon – violence, not to coldly examine its bloody aftermath or rationalize it as a recourse, but, rather, to conjure it up. Vingtras is an iconoclast and wields a wicked pen. For both of these reasons, he is the target of State violence. As a fictional chronicler, he bears witness to both the institutionalized violence of which he was a victim and the liberating acts of violence in which he participated – moving from ironic detachment to lyrical adherence. Vingtras received violence as his heritage. By exercising his right of inventory, he staked his claim as heir to his own works. But in the end, his individual revolt was absorbed into an insurrectional movement – the Paris Commune. As spokesman for a people in Revolution, it is finally the maelstrom of civil unrest that he was forced to confront
Katz, Lucia. "Sans-abri : l'émergence des asiles de nuits à Paris (1878-1910)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010712.
Full textSince 1878 in Paris, a network of night‐shelters has been gradually set‐up with the goal to help the most urgent needs of the homeless. In France, a fit adult’s idleness has been condemned since the 14th century : regarding wandering and begging, the Third Republic inherits a repressive system implemented throughout several centuries. Although the strong moral suspicion that weighs on the poor people capable of working remains strong, the first consequences of industrialization and urbanization are becoming visible : de‐location and unemployment, etc. In the context of political and economic crisis, certain homeless are given help. Night shelters are encouraged, reproduced and recognized as beneficial to the general interest. On one hand, they are presented as a solution to the inadequacies of the State. On the other hand, they fit in language of the social reform and the republican compromise. In order to understand the craze and the institutionalization towards night‐hospitality, various corpuses, with a varieties of written documents, serial or not, ordinary, extraordinary and often unpublished, are remixed to reconstitute the social realities of "night hospitality" in their full complexities. With the growing implementation of the professionalization of institutionalized hospitality, pragmatic adaptations allow a re‐designing of the proposed model by other very different actors, in particular the city of Paris. Broadcasting allows the transfer of many elements between the various producers. However, it brings along reflections and questionings leading to statutory accommodations. The slow integration of night shelters within the panel of proposals to remedy poverty is thus at the same time the result of personal investments, economical contingencies and professional strategies allowing night hospitality to be an integrated part of the social welfare. However, the use and the tangible results of night shelters lead to disappointments and criticism. These difficulties in the practical implementation can explain the relative loss of momentum in the creation of night shelters as well as the reorientation, or at least the diversification, of productive institutions
Hachem, Nancy. "La vie musicale dans les archives du Parlement de Paris au XVIe siècle." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. http://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=http://theses.paris-sorbonne.fr/2020SORUL095.pdf.
Full textIn the 16th century, the Parliament of Paris was the highest court of Justice in France and was involved in the daily life of the individuals of that time. Its archives are full of legal decisions reflecting the political, judicial, historical, social, cultural and musical reality of the Renaissance. This research investigates the Parliament's primary sources in order to extract information that complements our current knowledge of musical life in France between 1500 and 1600. This work offers a testimony of the way music was experienced in 16th-century French society through the Parliament’s vision and influence
Dégez, Camille. "Une société carcérale : la prison de la Conciergerie (fin XVIe-milieu XVIIe siècles)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040156.
Full textThe prison of the Conciergerie occupied a special place in the Paris prison landscape of the seventeenth century. It hosted many prisoners for debt, prisoners tried in first instance by one of the courts sitting in the Palais de Justice, which occupied the buildings, but also and above all the prisoners appealed to the parliament of Paris. From the analysis of individual pathways both of prisoners and staff of the Conciergerie (dynasties of chief jailers Regnoust and Dumont) and reconstituted from criminal and notarial archives, the thesis focuses on social relationships and behavior within the prison. After a first part dedicated to an overview of the Conciergerie in the early seventeenth century, the second part highlights the peculiarities of this prison society: less separated from the outside world that the current prison, it played small-scale Parisian society. Rather than on a rigorous distinction between men and women and between criminal groups, the organization was based on social status and wealth. Prisoners regulated their own conflicts, often without involving staff. As for the socio-professional world of guards, it resembled that of the Parisian business relations, involving both solidarity and hierarchy between the jailers. The third part focuses on "the adventure of escape", revealing the importance of social and cultural context in the decision, preparation and execution of such an undertaking
Saint-Raymond, Léa. "Le pari des enchères : le lancement de nouveaux marchés artistiques à Paris entre les années 1830 et 1939." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100082.
Full textThis research investigates the Parisian auction sales from the 1830 until the interwar period, with a particular focus on the launching of new artistic markets. To do so, 2,126 auction catalogues were collected and transcribed, then matched with the minutes of the sales, curated at the archives de Paris. This data gathering led to global yet accurate set of 286 076 artworks – paintings, drawings, sculptures, antiques, Asian, Oriental, pre-Columbian and “primitive” artefacts – mentioning the description of the works, their hammer prices and the identity of both sellers and purchasers. In addition of this corpus, the auctioneers’ archives were analyzed, with a particular focus on their individual quitus or account statements. Reconsidering the history of taste, these sources allow to identify the new artefacts which were sold at auction, the players who bet on these novelties, their incentives, and the market mechanisms they used in order to promote them – with success or not. A transdisciplinary methodology, based on art history, economics, sociology and digital humanities, enables to answer these issues
Vaslin, Julie. "Esthétique propre : la mise en administration des graffitis à Paris : 1977-2017." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2096.
Full textIn this PhD, the “graffiti” refers negatively to every practice of wall/mural inscription, which contributes to degrade the “aesthetic order of a city produced by the public authorities. This expression encompasses both the notion of order, that is the political power which is troubled by any graffiti and the aesthetic dimension of this power, something that overtakes the only public expression regulation and is part of the broader government of public spaces. With such a definition, graffiti refers not only to a message, a deviance, a degradation, a cultural practice or even an art, but it also becomes an operating concept for a political science study. This definition as an « aesthetic disorder » leads us to examine the public policies measures which contribute to produce an aesthetic order proper to the city. This reflection also allows to question categorisations, public problems and their effects on common sense constructions, graffiti representations and on the physical, material, aesthetic aspect of the city.As a socio-historical study on public policies, this PhD traces the history of the graffitis’ “administrativisation” in Paris, the production of an aesthetic order in this city from 1977 to 2017. The local council of Paris regulates those paintings as stains, through cleaning policies, with erasure measures, but it also regulates graffitis as cultural objects, through many cultural measures, carried by different sectors of the administration (urban planning, cultural and touristic policies). Tracing the genesis of those measures in the public local administration, we try to understand how the coherence between several administration areas is built, and we show how the graffiti becomes a public problem in this context. Degradation, visual pollution, source of insecurity, popular culture or urban art: from 1977 to 2017, the public problem of “graffiti” has been built around several definitions by local actors. Based on archives, interviews, observations and photographs, this work attempts to outline the diversity of the public local actors’ roles, the problem redefinition’s conditions and its successive agenda settings. In this socio-history of the graffiti’s “administrativisation”, our hypothesis is the following: the graffiti seizure by local authorities is revealing their ambition to monopolise a legitim definition of “the beautiful” public space, a legitim city image. The aim of this PhD is then to identify this legitimacy construction, its historical, social and political conditions of appearance. The demonstration is built on two parts, tracing chronologically the history of two aspects of the graffiti public problem. First, we clarify how local public authorities try to standardize (to norm) the aesthetic of public spaces through cleaning policies that tag the graffiti as a deviance, a source of disorder. Secondly, this analyse will focus on how different public cultural measures progressively promote some forms of graffitis and lead to a normalisation of the urban aesthetic. Finally, we show how urban actors organise the control of urban aesthetic, and which are the social and political issues hold into the production of a certain aesthetic order