Journal articles: 'Pareto Improvements'

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Chou, Chien-Fu, and Gabriel Talmain. "Redistribution and growth: Pareto improvements." Journal of Economic Growth 1, no. 4 (December 1996): 505–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00150199.

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Dogan, Battal, and Lars Ehlers. "Minimally unstable Pareto improvements over deferred acceptance." Theoretical Economics 16, no. 4 (2021): 1249–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/te4257.

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We investigate efficient and minimally unstable Pareto improvements over the deferred acceptance (DA) mechanism—a popular school choice mechanism that is stable but not efficient. We show that there is no Pareto improvement over the DA mechanism that is minimally unstable among efficient assignments when the stability comparison is based on counting the number of blocking pairs. Our main result characterizes the priority profiles for which there exists a Pareto improvement over the DA assignment that is minimally unstable among efficient assignments. We further consider an alternative natural stability comparison based on the set of blocking students who are involved in at least one blocking pair, show that the impossibilities remain, and characterize the possibility domain of priority profiles.

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Mitchell, Matthew F., and Andrea Moro. "Persistent Distortionary Policies with Asymmetric Information." American Economic Review 96, no. 1 (February 1, 2006): 387–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/000282806776157605.

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Why are distortionary policies used when seemingly Pareto improvements exist? According to a standard textbook argument, a Pareto improvement can be obtained by eliminating the distortions, compensating the losers with a lump sum transfer, and redistributing the gains that are left over. We relax the assumption that winners know the losses suffered by the losers and show that the informationally efficient method of compensating losers may involve the use of seemingly inefficient (but informationally efficient) distortionary policies. The risk of overcompensating losers may make distortions informationally efficient, as there are points on the Pareto frontier where distortions are used.

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Kooreman, Peter, and Lambert Schoonbeek. "Characterizing Pareto Improvements in an Interdependent Demand System." Journal of Public Economic Theory 6, no. 3 (August 2004): 427–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9779.2004.00173.x.

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Mendolicchio, C., and T. Pietra. "Endowment redistribution and Pareto improvements in GEI economies." Journal of Mathematical Economics 67 (December 2016): 181–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmateco.2016.08.006.

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Seierstad, Atle. "Pareto Improvements of Nash Equilibria in Differential Games." Dynamic Games and Applications 4, no. 3 (August 21, 2013): 363–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13235-013-0093-8.

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Korhonen, Pekka, Jim Phillips, Jeffrey Teich, and Jyrki Wallenius. "Letter: Are Pareto Improvements Always Preferred by Negotiators?" Journal of Multi‐Criteria Decision Analysis 7, no. 1 (January 1998): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1360(199801)7:1<1::aid-mcda155>3.0.co;2-e.

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Stiglitz, Joseph. "Distinguished Lecture on Economics in Government: The Private Uses of Public Interests: Incentives and Institutions." Journal of Economic Perspectives 12, no. 2 (May 1, 1998): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.12.2.3.

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[Joseph Stiglitz was a member of the Council of Economic Advisers from 1993–95, and chairman of the CEA from 1995 through February 1997.] Today, I want to share with you some of my thoughts about the possibilities and limitations of government. These thoughts are focused around a simple question: Why is it so difficult to implement even Pareto improvements? Working in Washington, I quickly saw that although a few potential changes were strictly Pareto improvements, there were many other changes that would hurt only a small, narrowly defined group (for example, increasing the efficiency of the legal system might hurt lawyers). But if everyone except a narrowly defined special interest group could be shown to benefit, surely the change should be made. In practice, however, “almost everyone” was rarely sufficient in government policy-making and often such near-Pareto improvements did not occur. My major theme will be to provide a set of explanations for why this might be so. I shall put forward four hypotheses in this lecture, each of which provides part of the explanation for the failure in at least one instance of a proposed Pareto improvement. These hypotheses, like much of the literature on government failures, focus on the role of incentives: how misaligned incentives can induce government officials to take actions that are not, in any sense, in the public interest.

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Hoel, Michael O., Sverre A. C. Kittelsen, and Snorre Kverndokk. "Correcting the Climate Externality: Pareto Improvements Across Generations and Regions." Environmental and Resource Economics 74, no. 1 (February 21, 2019): 449–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10640-019-00325-y.

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Dierker, Egbert. "Initial shares can cause Pareto improvements when markets are incomplete." Economic Theory Bulletin 6, no. 2 (February 3, 2018): 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40505-018-0135-x.

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Macintyre, I. D. A. "Pareto improvements by Pareto strategic voting under majority voting with risk loving and risk avoiding voters — A note." Theory and Decision 39, no. 2 (September 1995): 207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01078985.

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Osterkamp, R. "Public health insurance Pareto-efficient allocative improvements through differentiated copayment rates." European Journal of Health Economics 4, no. 2 (June 2003): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10198-002-0155-0.

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Afma, Vera Methalina, Edi Sumarya, and Nirwan Ambatoding. "ANALISIS CACAT MENGGUNAKAN METODE FTA DAN FMEA PADA DEPARTEMEN BUFFING UNTUK MENURUNKAN JUMLAH UNIT CACAT (Studi Kasus : PT.BWB)." PROFISIENSI: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Industri 10, no. 1 (July 30, 2022): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33373/profis.v10i1.4329.

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The research was conducted to determine the factors - factors that cause defects in products, and provide corrective suggestions on how to improve the quality of the product Bracket SLM 315 which is currently still exceed the standards set for the maximum defect is 1% per month . The problem approach used is using Pareto diagram tools, then using the method Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and methods Failure Mode and Analysis (FMEA) and 5W + 1H tools. From the results of data processing using Pareto diagrams, it is found that the dominant type of defect is defects under size, then the analysis uses the Fault Tree analysis method and the method Failure Mode And Effect Analysis which is the priority for improvement, namely the quality of the material. with the causes of the lack of inspections in materials raw parts and priority improvements based on the value of the RPN biggest that operator does not carry out inspection of goods raw part advance with a value of 336, the proposed improvements using 5W + 1H is Making special tools / pin to be used operator to check raw parts and own work

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Ajibade, Oluwaseyi, Johnson Agunsoye, and Sunday Oke. "Tapped density optimisation for four agricultural wastes - Part II: Performance analysis and Taguchi-Pareto." Acta Periodica Technologica, no. 47 (2016): 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/apt1647129a.

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In this attempt, which is a second part of discussions on tapped density optimisation for four agricultural wastes (particles of coconut, periwinkle, palm kernel and egg shells), performance analysis for comparative basis is made. This paper pioneers a study direction in which optimisation of process variables are pursued using Taguchi method integrated with the Pareto 80-20 rule. Negative percentage improvements resulted when the optimal tapped density was compared with the average tapped density. However, the performance analysis between optimal tapped density and the peak tapped density values yielded positive percentage improvements for the four filler particles. The performance analysis results validate the effectiveness of using the Taguchi method in improving the tapped density properties of the filler particles. The application of the Pareto 80-20 rule to the table of parameters and levels produced revised tables of parameters and levels which helped to identify the factor-levels position of each parameter that is economical to optimality. The Pareto 80-20 rule also produced revised S/N response tables which were used to know the relevant S/N ratios that are relevant to optimality.

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Farrell, Joseph. "Puzzles: Sylvia, Ice Cream and more." Journal of Economic Perspectives 2, no. 3 (August 1, 1988): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.2.3.175.

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This installment of Puzzles includes answers to all the puzzles presented. The puzzles are titled: “Competition as a Welfare Minimum”; “Externalities Galore”; “The Utility of Ice Cream”; “Congestion Pricing”; and “Are There Pareto Improvements?”

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Charness, Gary, Ramón Cobo-Reyes, Natalia Jiménez, Juan A. Lacomba, and Francisco Lagos. "The Hidden Advantage of Delegation: Pareto Improvements in a Gift Exchange Game." American Economic Review 102, no. 5 (August 1, 2012): 2358–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.102.5.2358.

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This paper analyzes the effect on performance and earnings of delegating the wage choice to employees. Our results show that such delegation significantly increases effort levels. Moreover, we observe a Pareto improvement, as the earnings of both employers and employees increase when employers delegate than when they do not. Interestingly, we also find that the employees' performance under delegation is higher than under nondelegation, even for similar wages. While there is strong evidence that behavior reflects strategic considerations, this result also holds for one-shot interactions. A possible nonstrategic motivation explaining the positive reaction to delegation is a sense of enhanced responsibility. (JEL J31, J33, J41)

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Ruppert, Jean, Marharyta Aleksandrova, and Thomas Engel. "k-Pareto Optimality-Based Sorting with Maximization of Choice and Its Application to Genetic Optimization." Algorithms 15, no. 11 (November 8, 2022): 420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a15110420.

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Deterioration of the searchability of Pareto dominance-based, many-objective evolutionary optimization algorithms is a well-known problem. Alternative solutions, such as scalarization-based and indicator-based approaches, have been proposed in the literature. However, Pareto dominance-based algorithms are still widely used. In this paper, we propose to redefine the calculation of Pareto-dominance. Instead of assigning solutions to non-dominated fronts, they are ranked according to the measure of dominating solutions referred to as k-Pareto optimality. In the case of probability measures, such re-definition results in an elegant and fast approximate procedure. Through experimental results on the many-objective 0/1 knapsack problem, we demonstrate the advantages of the proposed approach: (1) the approximate calculation procedure is much faster than the standard sorting by Pareto dominance; (2) it allows for achieving higher hypervolume values for both multi-objective (two objectives) and many-objective (25 objectives) optimization; (3) in the case of many-objective optimization, the increased ability to differentiate between solutions results in a better compared to NSGA-II and NSGA-III. Apart from the numerical improvements, the probabilistic procedure can be considered as a linear extension of multidimentional topological sorting. It produces almost no ties and, as opposed to other popular linear extensions, has an intuitive interpretation.

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De, Dipak K., and Pei-San Liao Liu. "Improved Estimation of the Common Scale Parameter of Several Pareto Distributions." Calcutta Statistical Association Bulletin 42, no. 3-4 (September 1992): 177–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0008068319920303.

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In this paper, we consider the estimation of the common scale parameter of several Pareto distributions with unknown and unequal shape parameters. This problem often arises in practice, for example, when we have several independent wage distributions each having a Pareto distribution with different shapes but common scale parameter which may be the minimum wage rate. A new class of improved estimators is obtained which dominates the Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) and the Uniformly Minimum Variance Unbiased Estimators (UMVUE) under the Mean Square Error (MSE) and Pitman Nearness. (PN) criterion. Numerical studies indicate the amount of improvements are highly significant.

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Cowen, Tyler. "The Scope and Limits of Preference Sovereignty." Economics and Philosophy 9, no. 2 (October 1993): 253–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266267100001553.

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Economists use tastes as a source of information about personal welfare and judge the effects of policies upon preference satisfaction; neoclassical welfare economics is the analytical embodiment of this preference sovereignty norm. For an initial distribution of wealth, the welfare-maximizing outcome is the one that exhausts all possible gains from trade. Gains from trade are defined relative to fixed ordinal preferences. This analytical apparatus consists of both the Pareto principle, which implies that externality-free voluntary trades increase welfare, and applied costbenefit analysis, which attempts to weight costs and benefits when evaluating policies that are not Pareto improvements.

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Acharya, Avidit, and Juan Ortner. "Paths to the Frontier." American Economic Journal: Microeconomics 14, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 39–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mic.20190125.

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We construct a model of collective search in which players gradually approach the Pareto frontier. The players have imperfect control over which improvements to the status quo will be considered. Inefficiency takes place due to the difficulty in finding improvements acceptable to both parties. The process is path dependent, with early agreements determining long-run outcomes. It may also be cyclical, as players alternate between being more and less accommodating. (JEL C73, C78, D83)

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Chattopadhyay, Subir K. "Pareto optimal improvements for sunspots: The golden rule as a target for stabilization." Economic Theory 8, no. 1 (February 1996): 123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01212015.

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Chattopadhyay, Subir K. "Pareto optimal improvements for sunspots: The golden rule as a target for stabilization*." Economic Theory 8, no. 1 (June 1, 1996): 123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001990050080.

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Wagar, Elizabeth A., Ron Phipps, Robert Del Guidice, Lavinia P. Middleton, John Bingham, Cheryl Prejean, Martha Johnson-Hamilton, Pheba Philip, Ngoc Han Le, and Waheed Muses. "Inpatient Preanalytic Process Improvements." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 137, no. 12 (December 1, 2013): 1753–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2012-0458-oa.

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Context.—Phlebotomy services are a common target for preanalytic improvements. Many new, quality engineering tools have recently been applied in clinical laboratories. However, data on relatively few projects have been published. This example describes a complete application of current, quality engineering tools to improve preanalytic phlebotomy services. Objectives.—To decrease the response time in the preanalytic inpatient laboratory by 25%, to reduce the number of incident reports related to preanalytic phlebotomy, and to make systematic process changes that satisfied the stakeholders. Design.—The Department of Laboratory Medicine, General Services Section, at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (Houston) is responsible for inpatient phlebotomy in a 24-hour operation, which serves 689 inpatient beds. The study director was project director of the Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine's Quality Improvement Section and was assisted by 2 quality technologists and an industrial engineer from MD Anderson Office of Performance Improvement. Results.—After implementing each solution, using well-recognized, quality tools and metrics, the response time for blood collection decreased by 23%, which was close to meeting the original responsiveness goal of 25%. The response time between collection and arrival in the laboratory decreased by 8%. Applicable laboratory-related incident reports were reduced by 43%. Conclusions.—Comprehensive application of quality tools, such as statistical control charts, Pareto diagrams, value-stream maps, process failure modes and effects analyses, fishbone diagrams, solution prioritization matrices, and customer satisfaction surveys can significantly improve preset goals for inpatient phlebotomy.

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Nurdin, Hadiman, and Lien Herliani Kusumah. "APLIKASI QUALITY TOOLS UNTUK MENURUNKAN NON CONFORMING PRODUCT PADA INDUSTRI DRY SLS DI INDONESIA: STUDI KASUS PT KCI." Operations Excellence: Journal of Applied Industrial Engineering 10, no. 3 (November 3, 2018): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/oe.v10.3.2018.004.

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The purpose of this research is to improve the product quality problem experienced by one of dry SLS manufacturing company in Indonesia. The high number of non conforming product during the past year makes the sales target to be unachievable and caused the loss due to many rework process. Tools are used in this research is to apply the seven tools approach. Flowchart, Pareto chart, and histogram are used to calculate and determine the problem to be fixed. Collection of improvement idea is done by brainstorming and improvement analysis is done by using Fishbone diagram. The results of the improvements made good results are marked by decreasing the number and percentage of non conforming product more than 50 percent of the amount of non conforming product on the previous condition prior to the improvement.

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Bergman, David, Merve Bodur, Carlos Cardonha, and Andre A. Cire. "Network Models for Multiobjective Discrete Optimization." INFORMS Journal on Computing 34, no. 2 (March 2022): 990–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2021.1066.

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This paper provides a novel framework for solving multiobjective discrete optimization problems with an arbitrary number of objectives. Our framework represents these problems as network models, in that enumerating the Pareto frontier amounts to solving a multicriteria shortest-path problem in an auxiliary network. We design techniques for exploiting network models in order to accelerate the identification of the Pareto frontier, most notably a number of operations to simplify the network by removing nodes and arcs while preserving the set of nondominated solutions. We show that the proposed framework yields orders-of-magnitude performance improvements over existing state-of-the-art algorithms on five problem classes containing both linear and nonlinear objective functions. Summary of Contribution: Multiobjective optimization has a long history of research with applications in several domains. Our paper provides an alternative modeling and solution approach for multiobjective discrete optimization problems by leveraging graphical structures. Specifically, we encode the decision space of a problem as a layered network and propose graph reduction operators to preserve only solutions whose image are part of the Pareto frontier. The nondominated solutions can then be extracted through shortest-path algorithms on such a network. Numerical results comparing our method with state-of-the-art approaches on several problem classes, including the knapsack, set covering, and the traveling salesperson problem (TSP), suggest orders-of-magnitude runtime speed-ups for exactly enumerating the Pareto frontier, especially when the number of objective functions grows.

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Chibani Sadouki, Samia, and Abdelkamel Tari. "Multi-objective and discrete Elephants Herding Optimization algorithm for QoS aware web service composition." RAIRO - Operations Research 53, no. 2 (April 2019): 445–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ro/2017049.

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The goal of QoS aware web service composition (QoS-WSC) is to provide new functionalities and find a best combination of services to meet complex needs of users. QoS of the resulting composite service should be optimized. QoS-WSC is a global multi-objective optimization problem belonging to NP-hard class given the number of available services. Most of existing approaches reduce this problem to a single-objective problem by aggregating different objectives, which leads to a loss of information. An alternative issue is to use Pareto-based approaches. The Pareto-optimal set contains solutions that ensure the best trade-off between conflicting objectives. In this paper, a new multi-objective meta-heuristic bio-inspired Pareto-based approach is presented to address the QoS-WSC, it is based on Elephants Herding Optimization (EHO) algorithm. EHO is characterised by a strategy of dividing and combining the population to sub population (clan) which allows exchange of information between local searches to get a global optimum. However, the application of others evolutionary algorithms to this problem cannot avoids the early stagnancy in a local optimum. In this paper a discrete and multi-objective version of EHO will be presented based on a crossover operator. Compared with SPEA2 (Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm 2) and MOPSO (Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm), the results of experimental evaluation show that our improvements significantly outperform the existing algorithms in term of Hypervolume, Set Coverage and Spacing metrics.

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HIRONAKA, Atsushi, Takashi OKAMOTO, Seiichi KOAKUTSU, and Hironori HIRATA. "Analysis and Improvements of the Pareto Optimal Solution Visualization Method Using the Self-Organizing Maps." SICE Journal of Control, Measurement, and System Integration 8, no. 1 (2015): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.9746/jcmsi.8.34.

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Harris, J. C., and S. V. Fenwick. "The application of Pareto methods to multidisciplinary design optimisation." Aeronautical Journal 105, no. 1048 (June 2001): 329–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000012215.

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Abstract Multidisciplinary design optimisation (MDO) provides a framework for the timely exchange of data necessary to support the highly integrated tasks typical of aerospace design. This will help reduce the duration of the design cycle and improve efficiency of the final product. Well implemented MDO capabilities will play an increasingly important role in DERA's activities to support the definition of future system requirements and the assessment of new equipment. The framework in which an MDO approach is realised must be flexible and accommodate the diverse range of individual discipline-based tools that contribute to the overall process. This paper describes DERA's activity within the EC Framework IV ‘FRONTIER’ project to investigate the use of modern graphical user interface (GUI) methods and genetic algorithms (GAs) for the combined aerodynamic and structural design of a modern combat aircraft. The application of the techniques to identify a Pareto frontier in high level design objective space that represents the boundary beyond which improvements cannot be made without sacrificing one or other aspect of overall aircraft performance is described. The scope of the methods as an aid during the definition of system requirements and for the evaluation of trade-offs during the concept assessment stage of a project is discussed.

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Maryani, Edna, Humiras Hardi Purba, and Sunadi. "Analysis of Aluminium Alloy Wheels Product Quality Improvement Through DMAIC Method in Casting Process: A Case Study of the Wheel Manufacturing Industry in Indonesia." Journal Européen des Systèmes Automatisés 54, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/jesa.540107.

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The global market demand for automotive wheels with alloy materials is 55%, which is quite high compared to other materials such as steel, magnesium, chromed, and carbon fiber. The high competition of the global alloy wheels market demands to be able to offer quality alloy wheels. The purpose of this research is to reduce the number of defects in the casting process step by using the Define Measure Analyze Improve Control (DMAIC) method. This study shows the systematic approach to find the root cause of major defects in aluminum castings using the defect diagnostic approach as well as cause and effect diagram. Quality improvement using quality tools, namely the Pareto diagram, fishbone diagram. The major defects for the rejections during production were identified as leak defects, porosity motive holes, and oval defects. In determining the proposed quality improvements using the FMEA tool. The results of data processing on the calculation of process capabilities and product performance show improvements after quality improvements in the casting process. Product performance from DPMO = 15.462, sigma level = 3.6 to DPMO = 8.186 and sigma level = 3.9. The effect of decreasing the percentage of defects could save production costs by IDR 413.350.000. Therefore, the application of the DMAIC method can provide a significant improvement in product quality and impact on production cost savings.

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Lu, Zhigang, Tao Feng, and Zhaozheng Liu. "A Multiobjective Optimization Algorithm Based on Discrete Bacterial Colony Chemotaxis." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/569580.

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Bacterial colony chemotaxis algorithm was originally developed for optimal problem with continuous space. In this paper the discrete bacterial colony chemotaxis (DBCC) algorithm is developed to solve multiobjective optimization problems. The basic DBCC algorithm has the disadvantage of being trapped into the local minimum. Therefore, some improvements are adopted in the new algorithm, such as adding chaos transfer mechanism when the bacterium choose their next locations and the crowding distance operation to maintain the population diversity in the Pareto Front. The definition of chaos transfer mechanism is used to retain the elite solution produced during the operation, and the definition of crowding distance is used to guide the bacteria for determinate variation, thus enabling the algorithm obtain well-distributed solution in the Pareto optimal set. The convergence properties of the DBCC strategy are tested on some test functions. At last, some numerical results are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the results obtained by the new algorithm.

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Fachrurrozi, Mohammad, and Deny. "QUALITY CONTROL ANALYSIS OF CARDBOARD PRODUCTS USING SIX SIGMA METHOD IN CV. AGZ." Jurnal Teknovasi 9, no. 01 (April 1, 2022): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.55445/jt.v9i01.34.

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Quality control is an activity that is used by companies to monitor and evaluate production activities and ensure that production activities meet production process standards. The purpose of this study is to help companies find out the causes of defects and create suggestions for improvement using the six sigma method. The six sigma method is one of the tools used to control quality. By using several stages, namely define, measure, analyze, improvement, control. From data processing and analysis, the total production is 160,800 pcs and the number of defects is 4303 pcs. Based on the results of the calculation of DPMO found as many as 80,280 per one million productions. Based on the Pareto diagram, the percentage of the most dominant types of defects is the type of paint defects that are not neat, so quality improvements are focused on these types of defects using fishbone diagrams.

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Syamsudin, Syamsudin, Eko Hadi Sucipto, and Hana Sartika. "Analisa Produktivitas Pada Divisi Produksi PT. XYZ Menggunakan Metode Objective Matrix (OMAX)." Jurnal Penelitian Teknik industri 1, no. 1 (March 10, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.51999/jpti.v1i1.1.

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PT. XYZ is a company engaged in the fabrication industry. Based on data in 2018 and 2019 this company has not been able to reach the predetermined production target. Another problem is the amount of resources used is not proportional to the results of production. The purpose of this study is to measure the level of productivity of the Production Division. The method used is the Objective Matrix (OMAX) method. Determination of the weight of each ratio using the AHP method. The second objective is to determine the proposed improvement using a traffic light system, Pareto diagram, cause-effect diagram, and 5W + 1H. The measurement criteria are the use of steel plates, electricity consumption, welding wire, time to repair, normal working hours, overtime and the number of workers. Based on the measurement results using the OMAX method, it is known that there is a decrease in the level of productivity to below the standard productivity level, namely in January of -0.171, March of -0.03, July of -0.15 and December of -0.29. The productivity level that was above the standard productivity level occurred in February of 0.37, May of 1.80, June of 0.10, August of 0.32, September of 1.096, October of 1.82, November of 0.01 , with a traffic light system and Pareto diagram, improvements were made to the welding wire consumption performance.

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Sucipto, S., I. Ariani, and S. Wulandari. "Continuous Quality Improvement by Statistical Process Control Implementation in Cocoa Agroindustry." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1024, no. 1 (May 1, 2022): 012073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1024/1/012073.

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Abstract Downstream sector development for agricultural commodities will encourage agroindustry, increase added value and farmers' income. The development of small-medium cocoa agroindustry is one of the downstream sector development strategies for cocoa. Product quality is one of the problems affecting the performance of cocoa-based agroindustry. Chocolate products face obstacles to meet the quality. Besides, consumers want organoleptic tests related to aroma and flavor as an additional requirement. Statistical Quality Control (SQC) is a method that could maintain production quality at a minimum cost level and achieve efficiency. SQC can see the defect in the production and trend of increasing or decreasing to make improvements. This study aims to analyse the quality of cocoa products with the application of SQC as a continuous improvement strategy. The research method uses a case study. The research phase includes observations, interviews, documentation, measurements, and literature studies. Implementing SQC used check sheets, histograms, Pareto diagrams, and cause-and-effect diagrams related to the product of chocolate by sensory evaluation. Control is carried out in the conching and tempering. Based on a simple SQC, the small-medium cocoa agroindustry can obtain alternative production improvements to increase the final product quality.

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Handy, John W. "Community Economic Development: Some Critical Issues." Review of Black Political Economy 21, no. 3 (March 1993): 41–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02701704.

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Community development is an issue of continuing interest not only because of the need for more successful economic development within our cities, but because the survival of a significant portion of African-American poor is at stake. Community development planning seeks to improve all aspects of community life, including health, education, crime prevention, employment and training, business development, family stability, and housing. Community economic development must arise from our black churches, historically black colleges and universities, African-American officials, business leaders, teachers, and health and welfare professionals. In the real world, where group welfare functions are interdependent, only two possible long-term outcomes are both just and stable: win-win or lose-lose. Consequently, there is a need for significant Pareto improvements in all social programs. There are roles for both race-specific and race-neutral policies because long-term Pareto improvements can result both from programs such as targeted minority employment and training as well as color-blind policies that encourage legislators to forgo the coffers of the gun lobby and control the sale and use of guns. The paper will focus on the historical logic of public policy as reflected in housing policy, financing mechanisms under community development corporations, and the issue of an urban underclass. By reestablishing its commitment to the inner cities, the government can redress the onerous impact of two and a half decades of social and economic neglect and private investment retrenchment.

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Mekonnen, Alhayat Ali, Frédéric Lerasle, Ariane Herbulot, and Cyril Briand. "Incorporating Computation Time Measures During Heterogeneous Features Selection in a Boosted Cascade People Detector." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 30, no. 08 (July 17, 2016): 1655022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001416550223.

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In this paper, we investigate the notion of incorporating feature computation time (CT) measures during feature selection in a boosted cascade people detector utilizing heterogeneous pool of features. We present various approaches based on pareto-front analysis, CT weighted adaboost, and Binary Integer Programming (BIP) with comparative evaluations. The novel feature selection method proposed based on BIP — the main contribution — mines heterogeneous features taking both detection performance and CT explicitly into consideration. The results demonstrate that the detector using this feature selection scheme exhibits low miss rates (MRs) with significant boost in frame rate. For example, it achieves a [Formula: see text] less MR at [Formula: see text] FPPW compared to Dalal and Triggs HOG detector with a [Formula: see text]x speed improvement. The presented extensive experimental results clearly highlight the improvements the proposed framework brings to the table.

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Hall, Jonathan D. "Pareto improvements from Lexus Lanes: The effects of pricing a portion of the lanes on congested highways." Journal of Public Economics 158 (February 2018): 113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2018.01.003.

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Ulfah, Evi Maria, and Tuwanku Aria Auliandri. "Analisis Kualitas Distribusi Air Menggunakan Metode Six Sigma DMAIC Pada Pdam Surya Sembada Kota Surabaya." INOBIS: Jurnal Inovasi Bisnis dan Manajemen Indonesia 2, no. 3 (June 1, 2019): 315–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31842/jurnal-inobis.v2i3.93.

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PDAM Surya Sembada Surabaya is a water supply company. This company distributes and supplies hygienic water to all residents in Surabaya. PDAM Surya Sembada Surabaya always tries to make customers satisfied with the provided services. Moreover, the company also tries to continue the improvements based on the management quality of ISO 9001: 2008. However, in the process of water distribution, some customers are still complaining due to the PDAM’s service, which indicates that not all the customers are satisfied. It is the duty of PDAM Surabaya to improve the quality services. This study focuses on providing the causes defects analysis of PDAM Surabaya Surya Sembada water distribution using the Six Sigma DMAIC. This study used descriptive qualitative approach with an emphasis on the question of how. The results of the research proved that there are two defects in the water distribution change into CTQ; defect TDA (No Water) and IMR (stench muddy water). In 2015, performance of Surabaya PDAM Surya Sembada showed the DPMO value as 844 and the value of capability sigma as 4.64. Based on Pareto diagram, this study stated that the dominant defect is TDA. This study applied the basic cause effect diagram to show the defect cause problem and used FMEA as a recommendation for continuous improvement that is expected to achieve zero defects. Keywords: Six Sigma, defect, DMAIC, DPMO, value of capability sigma, CTQ, Pareto charts, cause and effect diagram, FMEA.

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Cao, Huizhuo, Xuemei Li, Vikrant Vaze, and Xueyan Li. "Multi-Objective Pricing Optimization for a High-Speed Rail Network Under Competition." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 7 (April 17, 2019): 215–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119842817.

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Multi-objective pricing of high-speed rail (HSR) passenger fares becomes a challenge when the HSR operator needs to deal with multiple conflicting objectives. Although many studies have tackled the challenge of calculating the optimal fares over railway networks, none of them focused on characterizing the trade-offs between multiple objectives under multi-modal competition. We formulate the multi-objective HSR fare optimization problem over a linear network by introducing the epsilon-constraint method within a bi-level programming model and develop an iterative algorithm to solve this model. This is the first HSR pricing study to use an epsilon-constraint methodology. We obtain two single-objective solutions and four multi-objective solutions and compare them on a variety of metrics. We also derive the Pareto frontier between the objectives of profit and passenger welfare to enable the operator to choose the best trade-off. Our results based on computational experiments with Beijing–Shanghai regional network provide several new insights. First, we find that small changes in fares can lead to a significant improvement in passenger welfare with no reduction in profitability under multi-objective optimization. Second, multi-objective optimization solutions show considerable improvements over the single-objective optimization solutions. Third, Pareto frontier enables decision-makers to make more informed decisions about choosing the best trade-offs. Overall, the explicit modeling of multiple objectives leads to better pricing solutions, which have the potential to guide pricing decisions for the HSR operators.

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Yu, Ting Fang, Xia Wang, and Chun Hua Peng. "Modified Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (MNSGA-II) Applied in Multi-Objective Optimization of a Coal-Fired Boiler Combustion." Advanced Materials Research 694-697 (May 2013): 2850–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.694-697.2850.

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This paper discussed application of modified non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (MNSGA-II) to multi-objective optimization of a coal-fired boiler combustion, the two objectives considered are minimization of overall heat loss and NOx emissions from coal-fired boiler. In the first step, BP neural network was proposed to establish a mathematical model predicting the NOx emissions & overall heat loss from the boiler. Then, BP model and the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) were combined to gain the optimal operating parameters. According to the problems such as premature convergence and uneven distribution of Pareto solutions exist in the application of NSGA-II, corresponding improvements in the crowded-comparison operator and crossover operator were performed. The optimal results show that MNSGA-II can be a good tool to solve the problem of multi-objective optimization of a coal-fired combustion, which can reduce NOx emissions and overall heat loss effectively for the coal-fired boiler. Compared with NSGA-II, the Pareto set obtained by the MNSGA-II shows a better distribution and better quality.

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Tayal, Ashwani, Nirmal Singh Kalsi, Munish Kumar Gupta, Danil Yurievich Pimenov, Murat Sarikaya, and Catalin I. Pruncu. "Effectiveness Improvement in Manufacturing Industry; Trilogy Study and Open Innovation Dynamics." Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 7, no. 1 (December 30, 2020): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7010007.

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The purpose of this investigation is to compute overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) in the small-scale industry. The novel approach is introduced to detect bottlenecks by which OEE can be improved. This study attempts to help small-medium enterprises in analyzing performance in a better way. The automotive industry was chosen for conducting the research. The present study is comprised of three phases. In the first phase, OEE was computed and compared with world-class manufacturing. The second phase included three-level of Pareto analysis followed by making fishbone diagram to mitigate the losses. The third phase conducted improved OEE in the industry. There are seven major losses present in the industry that adversely affect the effectiveness of machine in any industry. This approach can reduce these losses and improve the quality, asset utilization (AU), OEE, total effective equipment performance (TEEP) and productivity of the machine. The study exposes that Pareto analysis uncovers all the losses and works on the principle of 80/20 rule. The major losses were thoroughly explored with the help of the fishbone diagram and solutions were implemented at the shop floor. As a result, availability, performance, quality, OEE, AU, and TEPP show improvements by 4.6%, 8.06%, 6.66%, 16.23%, 4.16%, and 14.58%, respectively. The approach offers a good opportunity for both researchers and small-medium enterprises around the world to analyze the indicators of production losses, performance, and productivity in the manufacturing industry.

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Pusporini, Pregiwati, and Deny Andesta. "Integrasi Model Lean Sigma untuk Peningkatan Kualitas Produk." Jurnal Teknik Industri 10, no. 2 (February 20, 2012): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jtiumm.vol10.no2.91-97.

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In order to develop business, the company has problems associated with waste. This research focuses on the incorporation of the concept of lean thinking and six sigma concept which is lean six sigma to improve quality. Lean six sigma tools which used in this study is Big Picture Mapping, Pareto Chart, Root Cause Analysis, Fishbone Diagram, and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis. Tools used above will support the improve stage to determine the priority of reprair. From the results found that 3 critically waste were defect, overproduction and inventory. Improve stage focus on the most critical waste issue is defect, primary process improvement method of paint, the process sequence and pre assy plug gage to measure eye reaming process. Waste overproduction and inventory focused on the Master Production Schedule (MPS). These improvements were expected to resolve issues relating to the elimination of defects, overproduction and inventory.

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Gonçalves, Max Filipe, Larissa Miranda De Moraes, and Fernanda Masco Barbosa. "EVALUATION OF THE APPLICATION OF SIX SIGMA IN THE FILLING PROCESS OF ADHESIVES IN A CHEMICAL INDUSTRY." RINTERPAP - Revista Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Aplicadas 1, no. 2 (January 20, 2023): 90–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.47682/2675-6552.a2022v1n2p90-110.

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In a context of high competitiveness due to the high technological innovations that are emerging and the search for process improvements with cost reductions, this paper presents a research aiming to evaluate the application of the Six Sigma methodology in an adhesive industry in Brazil, Grande São Paulo, in order to evaluate the possible reduction of filling losses by reducing variability. For this, the DMAIC method and the appropriate tools were used, such as Project Chart, Histogram, Pareto Chart, Flow Chart, Control Charts, Ishikawa Diagram, 5W2H and others. It was identified that currently the filling process of the products covered are not stable and for this reason it was not possible to analyze the process capacity. However, improvements have been proposed to the current issues identified in order to achieve stability so that process variability can be reduced by meeting customer requirements.

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Spece, Henry, Roger Fittro, and Carl Knospe. "Optimization of Axial Magnetic Bearing Actuators for Dynamic Performance." Actuators 7, no. 4 (September 28, 2018): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act7040066.

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Axial magnetic bearing actuators often lack the bandwidth necessary to achieve the desired closed loop performance due to their nonlaminated construction. Since bandwidth can be directly related to actuator material and geometric properties, an opportunity exists to improve closed loop performance through the optimization of these properties. This prospect is exploited herein, both to demonstrate the improvements that can be obtained and to illustrate the relationship between various parameters and dynamic performance. For the latter, Pareto-optimal curves are generated exploring the influence that disk outer radius, peak force, axial gap, and magnetic permeability have upon actuator bandwidth.

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Bakhtiar, A., I. W. Nurwidanto, S. Hartini, and P. A. Wicaksono. "Process improvement design at PT URW using failure mode and effect analysis." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 896, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/896/1/012077.

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Abstract PT URW is a company engaged in the textile sector that processes yarn into semi-finished fabrics. Such is the case that PT URW has a problem with its waste materials. To address this, the researcher has implemented the method of failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA). In data collection and processing, the researcher defined the problem, collected data, took measurements using the critical waste method, and interpreted the data into the Pareto Chart. The area that had the greatest value was continued to the analysis stages of critical waste analysis, FMEA analysis, and alternative solutions. The research was concluded by providing corrective solutions based on the potential causes that had been found in the previous stage and by validating the formed planned improvements.

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Zeng, Lisheng. "Two kinds of Pareto improvements of the economic system: An input–output analysis using the nonnegative matrices theory." Mathematical Social Sciences 71 (September 2014): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mathsocsci.2014.04.001.

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Dupin, Nicolas, Frank Nielsen, and El-Ghazali Talbi. "Unified Polynomial Dynamic Programming Algorithms for P-Center Variants in a 2D Pareto Front." Mathematics 9, no. 4 (February 23, 2021): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9040453.

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With many efficient solutions for a multi-objective optimization problem, this paper aims to cluster the Pareto Front in a given number of clusters K and to detect isolated points. K-center problems and variants are investigated with a unified formulation considering the discrete and continuous versions, partial K-center problems, and their min-sum-K-radii variants. In dimension three (or upper), this induces NP-hard complexities. In the planar case, common optimality property is proven: non-nested optimal solutions exist. This induces a common dynamic programming algorithm running in polynomial time. Specific improvements hold for some variants, such as K-center problems and min-sum K-radii on a line. When applied to N points and allowing to uncover M<N points, K-center and min-sum-K-radii variants are, respectively, solvable in O(K(M+1)NlogN) and O(K(M+1)N2) time. Such complexity of results allows an efficient straightforward implementation. Parallel implementations can also be designed for a practical speed-up. Their application inside multi-objective heuristics is discussed to archive partial Pareto fronts, with a special interest in partial clustering variants.

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Doerr, Benjamin, and Weijie Zheng. "Theoretical Analyses of Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithms on Multi-Modal Objectives." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, no. 14 (May 18, 2021): 12293–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i14.17459.

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Previous theory work on multi-objective evolutionary algorithms considers mostly easy problems that are composed of unimodal objectives. This paper takes a first step towards a deeper understanding of how evolutionary algorithms solve multi-modal multi-objective problems. We propose the OneJumpZeroJump problem, a bi-objective problem whose single objectives are isomorphic to the classic jump functions benchmark. We prove that the simple evolutionary multi-objective optimizer (SEMO) cannot compute the full Pareto front. In contrast, for all problem sizes n and all jump sizes k in [4..n/2-1], the global SEMO (GSEMO) covers the Pareto front in Θ((n-2k)n^k) iterations in expectation. To improve the performance, we combine the GSEMO with two approaches, a heavy-tailed mutation operator and a stagnation detection strategy, that showed advantages in single-objective multi-modal problems. Runtime improvements of asymptotic order at least k^Ω(k) are shown for both strategies. Our experiments verify the substantial runtime gains already for moderate problem sizes. Overall, these results show that the ideas recently developed for single-objective evolutionary algorithms can be effectively employed also in multi-objective optimization.

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Jasek, Pavel, Lenka Vrana, Lucie Sperkova, Zdenek Smutny, and Marek Kobulsky. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SELECTED PROBABILISTIC CUSTOMER LIFETIME VALUE MODELS IN ONLINE SHOPPING." Journal of Business Economics and Management 20, no. 3 (April 5, 2019): 398–423. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2019.9597.

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The selection of a suitable customer lifetime value (CLV) model is a key issue for companies that are introducing a CLV managerial approach in their online B2C relationship stores. The online retail environment places CLV models on several specific assumptions, e.g. non-contractual relationship, continuous purchase anytime, variable-spending environment. The article focuses on empirical statistical analysis and predictive abilities of selected probabilistic CLV models that show very good results in an online retail environment compared to different model families. For comparison, eleven CLV models were selected. The comparison has been made to the online stores’ datasets from Central and Eastern Europe with annual revenues of hundreds of millions of euros and with almost 2.3 million customers. Probabilistic models have achieved overall good and consistent results on the majority of the studied transactional datasets, with BG/NBD and Pareto/NBD models that can be considered stable with significant lifts from the baseline Status quo model. Abe's variant of Pareto/NBD have underperformed multiple criterions and would not be fully useful for the studied datasets without further improvements. In the end, the authors discuss the deployment implications of selected CLV models and propose further issues for future research to address.

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Bishop, Brent A., and Fernando V. Lima. "Modeling, Simulation, and Operability Analysis of a Nonisothermal, Countercurrent, Polymer Membrane Reactor." Processes 8, no. 1 (January 7, 2020): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8010078.

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As interest in the modularization and intensification of chemical processes continues to grow, more research must be directed towards the modeling and analysis of these units. Intensified process units such as polymer membrane reactors pose unique challenges pertaining to design and operation that have not been fully addressed. In this work, a novel approach for modeling membrane reactors is developed in AVEVA’s Simcentral Simulation Platform. The produced model allows for the simulation of polymer membrane reactors under nonisothermal and countercurrent operation for the first time. This model is then applied to generate an operability mapping to study how operating points translate to overall unit performance. This work demonstrates how operability analyses can be used to identify areas of improvement in membrane reactor design, other than just using operability mapping studies to identify optimal input conditions. The performed analysis enables the quantification of the Pareto frontier that ultimately leads to design improvements that both increase overall performance and decreases the cost of the unit.

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Muzakir, Muzakir. "Analysing the Quality of Traditional Shipbuilding Production Processes through Integration of Ergonomics and Lean Six Sigma in West Aceh, Indonesia." International Journal of Global Optimization and Its Application 1, no. 4 (December 31, 2022): 273–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.56225/ijgoia.v1i4.106.

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This study analyses the quality process using the integration of ergonomic and lean six sigma in the DMAIC cycle at CV. Wahana Karya shipyard. The ergonomic uses RULA tools while lean six sigma uses SIPOC diagram tools, current stream mapping, DPOM, Pareto diagrams, cause, and effect diagrams and FMEA. The improvement stage is recommendations for improvement through the highest RPN in the FMEA analysis and recommendations for improving ergonomics from work posture. The control stage is the supervision of the recommended improvements. The result indicates that there are 7 work postures that cause a decrease in quality where one of the risks of high work postures is in wood cutting activities with recommendations for improvement, namely designing ergonomic wood forming and cutting tools, on lean six sigma, recommendations for improving process quality are obtained based on analysis of FMEA tools for installing Advanced hull boards are tenuous hull boards with an RPN value of 384 with recommendations for improvement, namely replacing a new clamp press tool that is easy to install. Meanwhile, in the process of installing the ivory with an advanced level, which is not according to the size of the RPN 336 value, the recommendation for improvement is to make clear and written SOPs and work guidelines.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Pareto Improvements'

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