Journal articles on the topic 'Parents decisions'
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Graetz, Dylan E., Silvia Rivas, Huiqi Wang, Yuvanesh Vedaraju, Gia Ferrara, Lucia Fuentes, Ana Cáceres-Serrano, et al. "Cancer treatment decision-making among parents of paediatric oncology patients in Guatemala: a mixed-methods study." BMJ Open 12, no. 8 (August 2022): e057350. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057350.
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ObjectivesTo examine treatment decision-making priorities and experiences among parents of children with cancer in Guatemala.SettingThis study was conducted at Guatemala’s National Pediatric Cancer Center in Guatemala City.ParticipantsSpanish-speaking parents of paediatric patients (≤18 years of age) diagnosed with any form of cancer within the 8 weeks prior to study enrolment. The quantitative portion of this study included 100 parent participants; the qualitative component included 20 parents. Most participants were Catholic or Evangelical Spanish-speaking mothers.OutcomesPriorities and experiences of cancer treatment decision-making including decision-making role and experienced regret.ResultsA range of paediatric ages and cancer diagnoses were included. Most Guatemalan parents surveyed (70%) made decisions about their child’s cancer together and almost all (94%) without input from their community. Surveyed parents predominately preferred shared decision-making with their child’s oncologist (76%), however 69% agreed it was best not to be provided with many options. Two-thirds of surveyed parents (65%) held their preferred role in decision-making, with fathers more likely to hold their preferred role than mothers (p=0.02). A small number of parents (11%) experienced heightened decisional regret, which did not correlate with socio-demographic characteristics or preferred decision-making role. Qualitative results supported quantitative findings, demonstrating a decision-making process that emphasised trust and honesty.ConclusionsGuatemalan parents preferred to make decisions with their medical team and appreciated providers who were honest and inclusive, but directive about decisions. This study reinforces the importance of the provider–parent relationship and encourages clinicians in all settings to ask about and honour each parent’s desired role in decision-making.
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Wool, Jesse, Sharon Y. Irving, Salimah H. Meghani, and Connie M. Ulrich. "Parental Decision-Making in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: An Integrative Review." Journal of Family Nursing 27, no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 154–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1074840720975869.
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Parents are commonly responsible for making health care decisions for their seriously ill children in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU); however, the factors influencing their decisions may vary. This integrative review examined the empirical literature between 2013 and 2018 to understand factors pertaining to parents’ decision-making about serious illness care of their children in the PICU. Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria with three key findings. First, parent–clinician communication in the PICU is critical; second, most parents want to be the final decision-maker for their critically ill child; and third, parents’ emotions, support systems, and the child’s clinical status impact decision-making. Parental perspectives are important to consider when discussing serious illness care decisions for critically ill children. Further inquiry is needed into how the parent–clinician encounter impacts the decision-making process and subsequent outcomes in this population.
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Maurer, Scott H., Pamela S. Hinds, Sheri L. Spunt, Wayne L. Furman, Javier R. Kane, and Justin N. Baker. "Decision Making by Parents of Children With Incurable Cancer Who Opt for Enrollment on a Phase I Trial Compared With Choosing a Do Not Resuscitate/Terminal Care Option." Journal of Clinical Oncology 28, no. 20 (July 10, 2010): 3292–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.26.6502.
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Purpose Parents of children with incurable cancer make complex and difficult decisions about remaining treatment options. We compared the self-reported rationale, good parent definition, and desired clinical staff behaviors of parents who recently decided for phase I (P1) chemotherapy with parents who chose a do not resuscitate (DNR) or terminal care (TC) option. Patients and Methods Sixty-two parents of 58 children were asked for the basis of their decision, their definition of a good parent, and what staff behaviors supported their good parent role. After semantic content analysis, results were compared in the P1 versus DNR/TC groups. These categories were mutually exclusive but did not necessarily represent an either/or decision. Results Thirty-one decisions were for P1 chemotherapy and 27 for DNR/TC. Median survival time after study enrollment was greater in the P1 group (0.4 v 0.1 years). Most P1 group parents reported having felt compelled to continue cancer-directed therapy (71% v 7%), whereas those who opted for DNR/TC cited quality of life (QOL; 74% v 3%) and patient wishes (67% v 13%). Decision factors common to both groups were medical facts, doing right, and others’ opinions. Both groups believed that a good parent did right, provided support and presence, and sacrificed for the child. The groups desired similar support from clinicians and expressed gratitude. Conclusion Despite similar definitions of a good parent and desired staff behaviors, parents in the P1 group reported having felt compelled to continue cancer-directed therapy, whereas QOL and patient wishes were emphasized in decisions for DNR/TC.
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Hinds, Pamela S., Linda L. Oakes, Judy Hicks, Brent Powell, Deo Kumar Srivastava, Sheri L. Spunt, JoAnn Harper, Justin N. Baker, Nancy K. West, and Wayne L. Furman. "“Trying to Be a Good Parent” As Defined By Interviews With Parents Who Made Phase I, Terminal Care, and Resuscitation Decisions for Their Children." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 35 (December 10, 2009): 5979–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2008.20.0204.
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Purpose When a child's cancer progresses beyond current treatment capability, the parents are likely to participate in noncurative treatment decision making. One factor that helps parents to make these decisions and remain satisfied with them afterward is deciding as they believe a good parent would decide. Because being a good parent to a child with incurable cancer has not been formally defined, we conducted a descriptive study to develop such a definition. Methods In face-to-face interviews, 62 parents who had made one of three decisions (enrollment on a phase I study, do not resuscitate status, or terminal care) for 58 patients responded to two open-ended questions about the definition of a good parent and about how clinicians could help them fulfill this role. For semantic content analysis of the interviews, a rater panel trained in this method independently coded all responses. Inter-rater reliability was excellent. Results Among the aspects of the definition qualitatively identified were making informed, unselfish decisions in the child's best interest, remaining at the child's side, showing the child that he is cherished, teaching the child to make good decisions, advocating for the child with the staff, and promoting the child's health. We also identified 15 clinician strategies that help parents be a part of making these decisions on behalf of a child with advanced cancer. Conclusion The definition and the strategies may be used to guide clinicians in helping parents fulfill the good parent role and take comfort afterward in having acted as a good parent.
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de Haan, Whitney D., Sheila R. van Berkel, Sabine van der Asdonk, Catrin Finkenauer, Caroline J. Forder, Marinus H. van IJzendoorn, Carlo Schuengel, and Lenneke R. A. Alink. "Out-of-home placement decisions: How individual characteristics of professionals are reflected in deciding about child protection cases." Developmental Child Welfare 1, no. 4 (November 18, 2019): 312–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2516103219887974.
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Decisions regarding out-of-home placement of children are complicated and of high impact for children and parents. Previous studies show low agreement between professionals on these decisions, and research regarding the influence of characteristics of decision-makers on the content of the decisions taken remains inconclusive. This study explored the relation between general and psychological characteristics of 144 professionals (child welfare professionals, children’s court judges, and master students) using vignettes and questionnaires. Professionals’ mind-set regarding the ability of parents to achieve change (parent-specific mind-set) and their attitude toward the harmfulness of out-of-home placements were related to their decision-making. General decision-maker factors (the professional’s background and work experience), the mind-set toward the ability of people in general to change (dispositional mind-set), and professionals’ attitude toward the effectiveness of out-of-home placements were not related to their decisions. This field of practice needs to reflect on the role of implicit beliefs in making placement decisions about children.
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Björck-Åkesson, Eva, and Mats Granlund. "Family Involvement in Assessment and Intervention: Perceptions of Professionals and Parents in Sweden." Exceptional Children 61, no. 6 (May 1995): 520–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001440299506100603.
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This article describes perceptions of professionals and parents of the current and ideal state of family involvement in early intervention in Sweden. Both professionals and parents expressed significant discrepancies between current and ideal practices in four dimensions: parent involvement in decisions about child assessment, parent participation in assessment, parent participation in the team meeting and decision making, and the provision of family goals and services. Professionals showed preferences for a higher degree of family involvement. In identifying barriers, both professionals and parents most frequently mentioned system barriers. Causes for the discrepancies include the need for training and earlier inclusion of parents in the case management process.
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Fremont, Ettya R., Elizabeth A. Friedrich, Chris Feudtner, Adda Grimberg, and Victoria A. Miller. "Perceptions of Youth and Parent Decision-Making Roles Regarding Recombinant Human Growth Hormone Treatment." Endocrines 3, no. 4 (October 6, 2022): 590–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/endocrines3040050.
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Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) is prescribed to youth with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) to support normal growth and ensure healthy physical development, and to youth without GHD to address height concerns. Perceptions of youth involvement in rhGH treatment decisions have not been explored. This study aimed to examine perceptions of youth and parent roles in decisions around rhGH treatment. Youth (n = 22, 11.5 ± 2.0 years) who had undergone evaluation for short stature and their parents (n = 22) participated in semi-structured interviews after stimulation test results had been received. Interviews revealed the following themes: (1) parent provided youth with support; (2) parent facilitated youth’s decision-making involvement; (3) youth had no role or did not remember their role; and (4) youth did not remember conversations with their parents or providers. Parents facilitated their children’s involvement by sharing information and seeking their opinions. While some participants described youth as having a substantial decision-making role, not all youth felt they were involved, and some youth could not recall conversations about rhGH. Parents can bolster youth involvement by having conversations using developmentally appropriate language, which is critical to youth feeling empowered and developing efficacy over their own care.
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Abbasi, Munir A., Azlan Amran, Hadiqa Riaz, Noor E. Sahar, and Hassan Ahmed. "Influence of Pester Power on Parents’ Buying Decision: A Focus on FMCG Products in Pakistan." International Journal of Marketing Studies 12, no. 2 (May 9, 2020): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v12n2p115.
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This study examined the impact of pester power on parent’s buying decisions, considering the peer influence, store environment, product packaging, and advertisement as stimuli of pester power. Data were collected by distributing a survey questionnaire in supermarkets and shopping malls in Pakistan from 200 parents and were analyzed by using PLS-SEM. The results confirmed the Pakistani children’s dominance in parents buying decisions for various Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) products. The results significantly indicate that product packaging, peers’ product preferences, and advertisements affects parents buying decision. The findings of this study contribute to the existing literature on the impacts of pester power on the parents buying decisions through peer influence, product packaging, and advertisement. In addition to that, this study is the first attempt in the Pakistan context, especially the FMCG industry. The findings of this study may benefit marketers to increase their market share by developing their strategies and marketing campaign; and store managers to plan product placement in their stores in such a way that cultivates quest in children for products, considering them as influencers on parents buying decisions, in line with the study findings.
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Turnham, Helen Lynne, Ariella Binik, and Dominic Wilkinson. "Minority report: can minor parents refuse treatment for their child?" Journal of Medical Ethics 46, no. 6 (February 14, 2020): 355–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2019-105702.
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Infants are unable to make their own decisions or express their own wishes about medical procedures and treatments. They rely on surrogates to make decisions for them. Who should be the decision-maker when an infant’s biological parents are also minors? In this paper, we analyse a case in which the biological mother is a child. The central questions raised by the case are whether minor parents should make medical decisions on behalf of an infant, and if so, what are the limits to this decision-making authority? In particular, can they refuse treatment that might be considered best for the infant? We examine different ethical arguments to underpin parental decision-making authority; we argue that provided that minor parents are capable of fulfilling their parental duties, they should have a right to make medical decisions for their infant. We then examine the ethical limits to minor parents’ decision-making authority for their children. We argue that the restricted authority that teenagers are granted to make medical decisions for themselves looks very similar to the restricted autonomy of all parents. That is, they are permitted to make choices, but not harmful choices. Like all parents, minor parents must not abuse or neglect their children and must also promote their welfare. They have a moral right to make medical decisions for their infants within the same ‘zone of parental discretion’ that applies to adult parents. We conclude that adult and minor parents should have comparable decision-making authority for their infants.
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Love, Hailey R., Alison L. Zagona, Jennifer A. Kurth, and Amanda L. Miller. "Parents' Experiences in Educational Decision Making for Children and Youth With Disabilities." Inclusion 5, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 158–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/2326-6988-5.3.158.
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Abstract Families should be an active part of educational decision making for their children, and they can be particularly influential in advocating for inclusion for students with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Yet, significant research has shown that parents do not feel schools effectively collaborate with them. We interviewed 19 parents of children with disabilities to investigate the ways they were included and excluded from educational decision making and how they decided on their children's placement and services. Five themes emerged: parents' exclusion from decision making, parents' independent efforts to shape their children's educational services, parents' decisions as a result of school and district factors, parents' role changes to direct their children's education, and discrepancies between beliefs and experiences of inclusion. Parents' responses indicate that specific school structures and institutionalized procedures may regularly exclude parents from decision making. Results have implications for parent-professional partnership during decision making for students with disabilities and personnel preparation.
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Tercyak, K., B. Peshkin, T. DeMarco, K. Schneider, H. Valdimarsdottir, J. Garber, and A. Patenaude. "Parental decisions and outcomes regarding disclosing maternal BRCA1 and 2 test results to children." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): 9582. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.9582.
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9582 Background: BRCA1/2 testing is key to hereditary cancer risk management. Though testing is discouraged in children, prior work suggests they are informed of their tested mothers' mutation status; decisions and outcomes of parental disclosure to children remain largely unknown. Methods: We examined predictors of parental disclosure decisions to children ages 8–21 and related outcomes in a large clinical sample (221 tested mothers, 124 untested co-parents). Parents were interviewed prior to mothers' receipt of BRCA1/2 results and 1 and 6 months later. Descriptive analyses were conducted, and bivariate analyses identified candidate predictor variables (demographic, medical, psychosocial) for inclusion in multivariate logistic regression models. Results: 63% of mothers disclosed their results to their children within 1 month of receipt (44% of co-parents also disclosed to children); this increased to 68% by 6 months (55% among co-parents). Within parenting dyads, mothers were significantly more likely than co-parents to disclose to children in the short-term (X2=18.6, p<.0001). Predictors of maternal disclosure to children included not being a BRCA1/2 mutation carrier, older child age, stronger intentions to disclose, more favorable attitudes toward pediatric BRCA1/2 testing, a more open parent-child communication history, and a decisional balance favoring disclosure (all p's<.05). When examined simultaneously, mothers who were not mutation carriers (OR=4.02, 95% CI=1.35, 11.94), mothers of older children (OR=1.30, 95% CI=1.13, 1.49), and those with stronger intentions to disclose (OR=1.39, 95% CI=1.10, 1.76) were more likely to communicate. Other outcomes of maternal disclosure included greater satisfaction with the decision to disclose and more open parent-child communication following disclosure (all p's<.05). Conclusions: This is the largest and most well-characterized study on this topic to date. Short-term rates of parental disclosure to children were high, increasing over time. Parental disclosure decisions are determined by a complex array of both child and parent factors, with some benefits identified with disclosure. Findings indicate a need for additional work, including decision support interventions for communication with children. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Downs, Julie S., Wändi Bruine de Bruin, and Baruch Fischhoff. "Parents’ vaccination comprehension and decisions." Vaccine 26, no. 12 (March 2008): 1595–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.01.011.
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Rodts, Mary Faut. "Helping Parents Make Good Decisions." Orthopaedic Nursing 27, no. 5 (September 2008): 264–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.nor.0000337273.32799.47.
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Muslimah, Dr, Abd Rahman, Hamd anah, Dr Mazrur, and Dr S. Muhammad Tang. "The Ways to Teach Children in Decision Making based on Parents Educational Level." International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education 13, no. 2 (December 2, 2021): 198–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.9756/int-jecse/v13i2.211055.
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Every parent worldwide wants their children to make decisions in dealing with problems and determine their future career; however, various things can influence them in making decisions during their growing up process. This study aims to find out how to train children aged 3-7 years to make decisions based on parents educational level in the City of Pangkalan Bun, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, that is because teaching children in making decisions at a young age is an effort to teach kids to think ahead for the great choices in their lifetime. A qualitative descriptive design with a case study method was used to obtain information. Some eight families were chosen as the subject in this study based on the purposive sampling technique. The collection of the data is through observation and in-depth interviews. The researcher employed the triangulation technique to validate data by involving multiple sources such as interviewing the informant parents, teacher, and friends and observation to data gained from the interview. Data analysis is carried out by collecting data, reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. Parents with a low educational level tend to impose their children on decision making. Furthermore, parents with a middle educational level generally provide limited decisions and choices to their children—meanwhile, parents with higher educational levels training their children by promoting two-way communication.
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Timmermans, Stefan, Ashelee Yang, Melissa Gardner, Catherine E. Keegan, Beverly M. Yashar, Patricia Y. Fechner, Margarett Shnorhavorian, Eric Vilain, Laura A. Siminoff, and David E. Sandberg. "Does Patient-centered Care Change Genital Surgery Decisions? The Strategic Use of Clinical Uncertainty in Disorders of Sex Development Clinics." Journal of Health and Social Behavior 59, no. 4 (October 10, 2018): 520–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022146518802460.
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Genital surgery in children with ambiguous or atypical genitalia has been marred by controversies about the appropriateness and timing of surgery, generating clinical uncertainty about decision making. Since 2006, medical experts and patient advocates have argued for putting the child’s needs central as patient-centered care. Based on audio recordings of 31 parent–clinician interactions in three clinics of disorders of sex development, we analyze how parents and clinicians decide on genital surgery. We find that clinicians and parents aim for parent-centered rather than infant-centered care. Parents receive ambivalent messages about surgery: while clinicians express caution, they also present the surgery as beneficial. We examine how parents and clinicians reach agreement about surgery—differentiating parents who push strongly for surgery from parents who do not express any preconceived preferences about surgery and parents who resist surgery. We conclude that clinicians use clinical uncertainty about surgery strategically to direct parents toward perceived clinically appropriate decisions.
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Nickele, Katherine P., Liliana Bolanos, Punreet K. Bhatti, Karen Williams, Maryann Mason, and Adolfo J. Ariza. "Parent Perspectives on Implementing Health Behavior Recommendations for Their Infants." Reports 3, no. 4 (December 10, 2020): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/reports3040035.
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Little is known about the influence of parental values, preferences, and child achievement and health expectations on parent choices for their child’s rearing practices. We aimed to explore parents’ perceptions of immediate and future impact of health behavior decisions for their child and to understand factors associated with child-specific health behavior decisions. This pilot study included interviews with 25 parents of 9–24-month-old children attending well child care visits at a primary care practice. Questions assessed parental perceptions and attitudes in making health behavior changes now for their child’s future health. Themes suggest parents perceive many factors are involved, and intricately connected, in health behavior decision-making. Although almost all parents believed there is a connection between the foods they feed their child and achieving their goals, only half are willing to make a change. In addition, parents failed to consider the impact of the health practices they currently have with their children to influence the future acquisition of life skills and of healthy versus obesogenic behaviors. Our results add to the understanding of the process of health behavior change through anticipatory guidance. Study findings will be used to guide next steps towards refining our understanding of health and lifestyle change decisions made by parents.
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McGowan, Michelle L., Cynthia A. Prows, Melissa DeJonckheere, William B. Brinkman, Lisa Vaughn, and Melanie F. Myers. "Adolescent and Parental Attitudes About Return of Genomic Research Results: Focus Group Findings Regarding Decisional Preferences." Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics 13, no. 4 (May 28, 2018): 371–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1556264618776613.
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Opportunities to participate in genomic sequencing studies, as well as recommendations to screen for variants in 59 medically actionable genes anytime clinical genomic sequencing is performed, indicate adolescents will increasingly be involved in decisions about learning secondary findings from genome sequencing. However, how adolescents want to be involved in such decisions is unknown. We conducted five focus groups with adolescents (2) and parents (3) to learn their decisional preferences about return of genomic research results to adolescents. Discussions about decisional preferences centered around three themes: feelings about receiving genomic risk information, adolescent involvement and capacity to participate in decision-making, and recommendations for parental versus collaborative decision-making. We address the contested space between parental duties to act in their children’s best interests when choosing which results to return and adolescents’ desires to make autonomous decisions. A collaborative decision-making approach is recommended for obtaining consent from adolescents and their parents for genome sequencing research.
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Mack, Jennifer W., Angel M. Cronin, and Tammy I. Kang. "Decisional Regret Among Parents of Children With Cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 33 (November 20, 2016): 4023–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.69.1634.
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Purpose Decision making is one of the ways in which parents serve as stewards of their children with cancer, but barriers to informed decision making among parents of children with cancer have been identified. We sought to evaluate the extent to which parents feel satisfied with, or regretful of, decisions made for their child’s cancer treatment and to identify factors associated with heightened regret. Methods We surveyed 346 parents of children with cancer within 12 weeks of their initial cancer treatment decision and the children’s physicians at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Boston Children’s Hospital and the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia. Our main outcome measure was heightened regret as measured by the Decisional Regret Scale. Results Sixteen percent of parents (N = 54) met our definition of heightened decisional regret. In a multivariable logistic regression model, race/ethnicity was associated with regret, with black (odds ratio [OR], 6.55; 95% CI, 2.30 to 18.7), Hispanic (OR, 2.15; 95% CI, .69 to 6.65), and other race parents (OR, 4.68; 95% CI, 1.58 to 13.8) at increased risk for regret relative to whites ( P = .001 across all categories). In contrast, parents who reported receiving high-quality information (OR, .45; 95% CI, .23 to .91; P = .03) and detailed prognostic information (OR, .48; 95% CI, .24 to .96; P = .04), who trusted the oncologist completely (OR, .32; 95% CI, .17 to .63; P = .001), and who held their ideal role in decision making (OR, .49; 95% CI, .25 to .95; P = .04) were less likely to experience regret. Conclusion Although many parents are satisfied with decisions made for their children with cancer, racial and ethnic minority parents are at heightened risk for regret. Clinicians may be able to reduce this risk by providing high-quality information, including prognostic information, involving parents in decision making in the ways they wish, and serving as trusted providers.
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Buchanan, Francine, Claudia Lai, Eyal Cohen, Golda Milo-Manson, and Aviv Shachak. "Decision-making for Parents of Children With Medical Complexities: Activity Theory Analysis." Journal of Participatory Medicine 14, no. 1 (January 17, 2022): e31699. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/31699.
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Background Shared decision-making (SDM), a collaborative approach to reach decisional agreement, has been advocated as an ideal model of decision-making in the medical encounter. Frameworks for SDM have been developed largely from the clinical context of a competent adult patient facing a single medical problem, presented with multiple treatment options informed by a solid base of evidence. It is difficult to apply this model to the pediatric setting and children with medical complexity (CMC), specifically since parents of CMC often face a myriad of interconnected decisions with minimal evidence available on the multiple complex and co-existing chronic conditions. Thus, solutions that are developed based on the traditional model of SDM may not improve SDM practices for CMCs and may be a factor contributing to the low rate of SDM practiced with CMCs. Objective The goal of our study was to address the gaps in the current approach to SDM for CMC by better understanding the decision-making activity among parents of CMCs and exploring what comprises their decision-making activity. Methods We interviewed 12 participants using semistructured interviews based on activity theory. Participants identified as either a parent of a CMC or a CMC over the age of 18 years. Qualitative framework analysis and an activity theory framework were employed to understand the complexity of the decision-making process in context. Results Parents of CMCs in our study made decisions based on a mental model of their child’s illness, informed by the activities of problem-solving, seeking understanding, obtaining tests and treatment, and caregiving. These findings suggest that the basis for parental choice and values, which are used in the decision-making activity, was developed by including activities that build concrete understanding and capture evidence to support their decisions. Conclusions Our interviews with parents of CMCs suggest that we can address both the aims of each individual activity and the related outcomes (both intended and unintended) by viewing the decision-making activity as a combination of caregiving, problem-solving, and seeking activities. Clinicians could consider using this lens to focus decision-making discussions on integrating the child’s unique situation, the insights parents gain through their decision-making activity, and their clinical knowledge to enhance the understanding between parents and health care providers, beyond the narrow concept of parental values.
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Yallop, John J. Guiney. "Of Necessity: Making Decisions About Our Daughter’s Early Learning Years." LEARNing Landscapes 5, no. 2 (May 2, 2012): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36510/learnland.v5i2.556.
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Parents play significant roles in their children’s learning. Part of those roles include making decisions about when and where their children go to school, or, if those decisions are, or seem, impossible, parents make decisions about how they are going to navigate this apparently inevitable relationship—parents and schools. This article explores some decisions two parents made about their daughter’s learning as she headed into school, and during her early school years. The author is aware that not all parents would, or even could, make some of the decisions he made with his partner about their child’s learning. The stories contained in this article are offered not as examples of what constitutes good parenting, or good decision-making about relationships with schools, but as reflective pathways into understanding how difference locates us within expected relationships.
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Pan, Fengming, Hongyu Zhao, Stephen Nicholas, Elizabeth Maitland, Rugang Liu, and Qingzhen Hou. "Parents’ Decisions to Vaccinate Children against COVID-19: A Scoping Review." Vaccines 9, no. 12 (December 14, 2021): 1476. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121476.
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Since 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in sickness, hospitalizations, and deaths of the old and young and impacted global social and economy activities. Vaccination is one of the most important and efficient ways to protect against the COVID-19 virus. In a review of the literature on parents’ decisions to vaccinate their children, we found that widespread vaccination was hampered by vaccine hesitancy, especially for children who play an important role in the coronavirus transmission in both family and school. To analyze parent vaccination decision-making for children, our review of the literature on parent attitudes to vaccinating children, identified the objective and subjective influencing factors in their vaccination decision. We found that the median rate of parents vaccinating their children against COVID-19 was 59.3% (IQR 48.60~73.90%). The factors influencing parents’ attitudes towards child vaccination were heterogeneous, reflecting country-specific factors, but also displaying some similar trends across countries, such as the education level of parents. The leading reason in the child vaccination decision was to protect children, family and others; and the fear of side effects and safety was the most important reason in not vaccinating children. Our study informs government and health officials about appropriate vaccination policies and measures to improve the vaccination rate of children and makes specific recommendations on enhancing child vaccinate rates.
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Lipstein, Ellen A., Jason P. Block, Cassandra Dodds, Christopher B. Forrest, William J. Heerman, J. Kiely Law, Douglas Lunsford, Paula Winkler, and Jonathan A. Finkelstein. "Early Antibiotics and Childhood Obesity: Do Future Risks Matter to Parents and Physicians?" Clinical Pediatrics 58, no. 2 (October 26, 2018): 191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009922818809534.
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To understand how parents and physicians make decisions regarding antibiotics and whether a potential associated risk of obesity would alter decisions, we conducted a qualitative study of parents and physicians who care for children. Parent focus groups and physician interviews used a guide focused on experience with antibiotics and perceptions of risks and benefits, including obesity. Content analysis was used to understand how a risk of obesity would influence antibiotic decisions. Most parents (n = 59) and physicians (n = 22) reported limited discussion about any risks at the time of antibiotic prescriptions. With an acute illness, most parents prioritized symptomatic improvement and chose to start antibiotics. Physicians’ treatment preferences were varied. An obesity risk did not change most parents’ or physicians’ preferences. Given that parent-physician discussion at the time of acute illness is unlikely to change preferences, public health messaging may be a more successful approach to counter obesity and antibiotics overuse.
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Arista, Devi Maya, Dwiyanti Puspitasari, and Sri Utami. "DETERMINANTS OF PARENT’S DECISIONS IN IMMUNIZING MEASLES RUBELLA (MR) VACCINE." Indonesian Midwifery and Health Sciences Journal 4, no. 1 (September 19, 2021): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/imhsj.v4i1.2020.82-89.
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AbstractBackground: The government’s effort to reduce measles and rubella transmission are by increasing MR immunization coverage. The immunization coverage was influenced by parent’s decisions. There were factors that related with parent’s decisions such as knowledge, perceived susceptibility, seriousness, benefit, barrier, self-efficacy, and cues to action. This study aimed to analyze factors related with parent’s decisions in giving MR immunization. Methods: This was a cross sectional study using questionnaire among parents of children aged 10-30 months at working area of Kenjeran public health center, Surabaya. Data of knowledge, perceived susceptibility, seriousness, benefit, barrier, self-efficacy, and cues to action regarding MR immunization then analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression. Result: From 206 parents, 56.3% were giving MR immunization to their children. Parent’s knowledge (p=0.023; OR=18.08), perceived barrier (p=0.002; OR=46.79), and self-efficacy (p=0.033; OR=7.66) were related with parent’s decisions. Conclusion: Parent’s decisions in giving MR immunization was related with knowledge, perceived barrier, and self-efficacy.
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Kurth, Jennifer A., Hailey Love, and Jody Pirtle. "Parent Perspectives of Their Involvement in IEP Development for Children With Autism." Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities 35, no. 1 (April 17, 2019): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1088357619842858.
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The present study investigated parents’ experiences in making educational decisions for their children with autism and their satisfaction with said outcomes. Parents completed a survey describing (a) their input in educational decisions, (b) satisfaction with school personnel, and (c) satisfaction with their child’s school experience. Sequential regressions revealed parents’ satisfaction was generally predicted by their own knowledge of autism, school staff knowledge of autism, parent satisfaction with teachers, and parent relationships with school personnel. In addition, parent input was a significant predictor of satisfaction with their child’s school experience. Finally, open-ended responses indicated that parents experienced many barriers when working with schools and often felt compelled to go outside of the school system to ensure their children received an appropriate education. Implications for teacher preparation and school–parent partnerships are described.
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Stienen, Eric W. M., and Alex Brenninkmeijer. "Foraging Decisions of Sandwich Terns in the Presence of Kleptoparasitising Gulls." Auk 119, no. 2 (April 1, 2002): 473–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/119.2.473.
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AbstractWe studied prey selection of Sandwich Terns (Sterna sandvicensis) in the presence of kleptoparasitising Black-headed Gulls (Larus ridibundus) on Griend, Dutch Wadden Sea, from 1992 to 1998. Most often, gulls robbed larger sandeels rather than herring from terns. Provided that one parent attends the chick, energy intake would be too low for the chicks' survival if exclusively fed on sandeel. By provisioning an increasing proportion of herring, parent terns could theoretically overcome a potential food shortage when the chicks grow older. However, the proportion of herring did not increase with age of chicks in most years. Instead, parents increased their foraging effort with the growth of their offspring. In years with high proportions of food loss, parents left their chicks unattended at the nest more often. In that way, parents were largely able to counterbalance food shortage of offspring. In 1992 and 1996, when diet composition was unfavorable and food losses to gulls were high, parents left their chicks unattended at the nest for ∼80% of the daylight period. It is argued that the present working level of parents might be higher than in the 1960s.
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Kinsey, Caroline L. "The Role of the Psychological Parent in the Dissolution of the Homosexual Relationship." International Journal of Discrimination and the Law 10, no. 3 (September 2009): 133–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135822910901000303.
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This note analyzes the definition of the “psychological parent” in its application to the dissolved homosexual relationship. In urging state courts to render custodial decisions not solely on the basis of the parent's biological ties to the child, but also on the presence of a psychological relationship between the non-biological parent and the child in question, this note reviews conflicting state court decisions that discussed the doctrine of the “psychological parent” and determined whether a non-biological parent was fit to receive custody of his or her child once dissolution of the couple's relationship had occurred. United States state courts frequently rely upon the “best interests of the childl” standard when making custodial decisions. It is this author's position that the application of the “psychological parent” doctrine is what is in the “best interest of the child” when awarding custody to non-legal parents, and as such should be at the forefront of state court decisions before a determination of child custody is made.
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Kavanaugh, Karen, Leanne M. Nantais-Smith, Teresa Savage, Stephanie Myers Schim, and Girija Natarajan. "Extended Family Support for Parents Faced with Life-Support Decisions for Extremely Premature Infants." Neonatal Network 33, no. 5 (2014): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0730-0832.33.5.255.
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Purpose: To outline parents’ descriptions of extended family involvement and support surrounding decision making for their extremely preterm infant.Design: Collective case study design in a prospective, descriptive, longitudinal research. Seventy-five digitally recorded interviews were done with parents before and after the birth.Sample: Fifty-four parents (40 mothers, 14 fathers).Main Outcome Variable: Categories of family involvement and support in the parents’ decision making.Results: Most parents did not seek advice from family members for life-support decisions made prenatally. Instead, parents made the decision as a couple with their physician without seeking family input. Family members provided certain types of support: emotional support, advice and information, prayer, and instrumental help such as child care. Most parents described at least one way their family supported them. For postnatal and end-of-life decisions, parents were more likely to seek advice from extended family in addition to the other forms of support.
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Marfé, Eileen. "Immunisation: are parents making informed decisions?" Paediatric Nursing 19, no. 5 (June 2007): 20–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/paed.19.5.20.s26.
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Marfé, Eileen. "Immunisation: are parents making informed decisions?" Paediatric Care 19, no. 5 (June 2007): 20–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/paed2007.06.19.5.20.c4448.
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Vitali, Sally H., and Jeffrey Burns. "Bereaved Parents’ Decisions About Organ Donation." Pediatric Critical Care Medicine 16, no. 9 (November 2015): 879–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/pcc.0000000000000547.
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Aspinall, Cassandra. "Children and Parents and Medical Decisions." Hastings Center Report 36, no. 6 (2006): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hcr.2006.0088.
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Amaral, Olga Maia. "Parents' Decisions About Bilingual Program Models." Bilingual Research Journal 25, no. 1-2 (January 2001): 215–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15235882.2001.10162791.
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Evans, Nick. "When parents disagree with clinical decisions." Nursing Children and Young People 34, no. 6 (November 3, 2022): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ncyp.34.6.7.s4.
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Evans, Nick. "When parents disagree with clinical decisions." Nursing Standard 37, no. 12 (November 30, 2022): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.37.12.19.s12.
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Ward, Frances. "Parents and Professionals in the NICU: Communication within the Context of Ethical Decision Making—An Integrative Review." Neonatal Network 24, no. 3 (May 2005): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0730-0832.24.3.25.
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Communication between parents and professionals in the NICU is a necessary part of collaborative decision making in the provision of family-centered care. Decisions with ethical components, those regarding treatment plans or neonatal research enrollment, need to be made conjointly with parents and health care professionals. This article reviews the present state of knowledge of how parents’ input can be facilitated in regard to decisions made about their children. Research studies involving decisions made with ethical components in the NICU since the advent of the Baby Doe regulations reveal parents’ frustration with communication practices, their need for control of information, and the trust in their children’s health care providers that is required to best facilitate their input into ethical decisions made about their children.
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Sullivan, Jane Elizabeth, Lynn Heather Gillam, and Paul Terence Monagle. "The enactment stage of end-of-life decision-making for children." Palliative and Supportive Care 17, no. 2 (January 11, 2018): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951517001110.
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AbstractObjectivesTypically pediatric end-of-life decision-making studies have examined the decision-making process, factors, and doctors’ and parents’ roles. Less attention has focussed on what happens after an end-of-life decision is made; that is, decision enactment and its outcome. This study explored the views and experiences of bereaved parents in end-of-life decision-making for their child. Findings reported relate to parents’ experiences of acting on their decision. It is argued that this is one significant stage of the decision-making process.MethodsA qualitative methodology was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with bereaved parents, who had discussed end-of-life decisions for their child who had a life-limiting condition and who had died. Data were thematically analysed.ResultsTwenty-five bereaved parents participated. Findings indicate that, despite differences in context, including the child’s condition and age, end-of-life decision-making did not end when an end-of-life decision was made. Enacting the decision was the next stage in a process. Time intervals between stages and enactment pathways varied, but the enactment was always distinguishable as a separate stage. Decision enactment involved making further decisions - parents needed to discern the appropriate time to implement their decision to withdraw or withhold life-sustaining medical treatment. Unexpected events, including other people’s actions, impacted on parents enacting their decision in the way they had planned. Several parents had to re-implement decisions when their child recovered from serious health issues without medical intervention.Significance of resultsA novel, critical finding was that parents experienced end-of-life decision-making as a sequence of interconnected stages, the final stage being enactment. The enactment stage involved further decision-making. End-of-life decision-making is better understood as a process rather than a discrete once-off event. The enactment stage has particular emotional and practical implications for parents. Greater understanding of this stage can improve clinician’s support for parents as they care for their child.
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Arianto, Nurmin, Nandan Limakrisna, and Nandan Limakrisna. "Determinant Parents Of Student’s Decision In Choosing Junior High School (SMP) Education Services In Banten Province And Its Implications On Student Parent Satisfaction." International Journal of Educational Research & Social Sciences 3, no. 5 (October 21, 2022): 2009–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.51601/ijersc.v3i5.492.
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The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the effect of service quality on decisions, costs on decisions, CRM on decisions on satisfaction, service quality on satisfaction, costs on satisfaction, CRM on satisfaction, service quality on satisfaction through decisions and costs on satisfaction through decisions. and knowing CRM to satisfaction through decisions. The population of this research is parents of students who send their children to private junior high schools in Banten Province with a total of 4,707 schools and a sample of 200 schools while the number of parents of students is 370. The research method used in this study is a quantitative method with explanatory survey approach and data analysis methods using SEM with the help of SmartPLS. Based on the results of the study, the following findings were obtained: service quality has a positive and significant effect on decisions, costs have a positive and significant effect on decisions, CRM has a positive and significant effect on decisions, decisions affect satisfaction and service quality has a positive and significant effect on satisfaction, cost has a positive and significant effect on satisfaction and CRM has a positive and significant effect on satisfaction, service quality, cost, CRM has a positive effect on satisfaction through decisions. Therefore, the decision variable is a full mediating variable.The implication of the results of this study is that to increase Parental Satisfaction of Students at Junior High Schools in Banten Province, especially in the high level of Always Buying, it will be able to be increased if Junior High Schools in Banten Province are able to improve Parental Decisions in Choosing Schools, especially on the high dimensions of product choice (choice of choice). product), where the Decision of Parents of Students in Choosing Junior High Schools in Banten Province will be able to be improved if Junior High Schools in Banten Province are able to improve Customer Relationship Management, especially in the high development and increase in Education Costs, especially in the high cost of school supplies and equipment and improve the quality of service, especially in the high level of assurance (guarantee).
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Nitti, Lodiana, and Friandry Windisany Thoomaszen. "PENERAPAN PERSEPSI ORANGTUA DALAM MEMENUHI HAK PARTISIPASI ANAK USIA 9-12 TAHUN DI DESA BENA AMANUBAN SELATAN NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR." Jurnal Selaras : Kajian Bimbingan dan Konseling serta Psikologi Pendidikan 1, no. 2 (January 30, 2019): 121–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33541/sel.v1i2.905.
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ABSTRACT
Parental perception will affect the fulfillment of children’s participation rights. Fullfilment of children’s participation rights will be fulfilled optimally if parents pay anttention to opinions while providing opportunities for children to make and make decisions about the child’s goals and self-interest. The subjects studied consisted of 5 subjects consisting of father and mother who had children aged 9- 12 years. This study uses qualitative research methods, with data retrieval tools in teh form of interviews, observation and documentation. From the research found data were the subjects do not fulfill the right of participation of children up to the maximum ladder where children’s participation rights range from the first ladder to the third ladder. The first ladder to the third ladder is actually a non- participating ladder. This means that children is manipulated, dominated by parents, there is direct communation and the severity of the parent. The children felt disappointed, sad, and angry with the parents but they still tried to hear and obey the parent’s decision. Children from third and fourth subjects experienced excessive fear to speak to their parent (father). Suggestions for parents to be more caring and fulfill the rights of children’s participation so as not to affect the growth and development of children.
Keywords: participation rights, children, parents
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Ayala, Allegra, Kyle Hickerson, Hannah Lettie, and Yi-Ching Lee. "The Impact of Peer Influence on Parent Willingness to Transport Children in Autonomous Vehicles." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 66, no. 1 (September 2022): 692–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181322661449.
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When considering autonomous vehicles (AV) as a potential to increase the mobility of children, one must consider parent opinion, as parents make transportation decisions for their families. This decision making may be impacted by several factors including peer influence on technology adoption from other parents. The current paper examines the potential for the social influence of other parents to impact parent willingness to adopt AVs for their own teenagers. Early adopter status was found to be significantly related to willingness, while effects of sex and age were non-significant. These findings add to the literature that the perceived notion of being an early adopter of technology contributes to parent willingness to use AV for their adolescent children. Future research should examine social and technology readiness factors in the willingness and adoption of AV in children’s mobility from a family perspective.
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Graetz, Dylan E., Silvia Elena Rivas, Huiqi Wang, Yuvanesh Vedaraju, Meenakshi Devidas, Ana Lucia Fuentes, Annie Caceres-Serrano, et al. "Pediatric cancer communication in Guatemala." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e18508-e18508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e18508.
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e18508 Background: Effective diagnostic communication is a cornerstone of cancer care. While > 90% of children with cancer live in low- and middle-income countries, little is known about patients’ and families’ communication priorities and experiences. We examined parent priorities for communication and the quality of information-exchange and decision-making during diagnostic communication in Guatemala. Methods: This study was conducted at Unidad Nacional de Oncologia Pediatrica. A cross-sectional survey was verbally administered in Spanish to 100 parents of children with cancer within 8 weeks of diagnosis. The survey included items utilized in pediatric communication studies from high-income countries and novel questions developed specifically for the study population. Results: Guatemalan parents prioritized communication functions including information exchange (99%), fostering healing relationships (98%), decision-making (97%), enabling self-management (96%) and managing uncertainty (94%) over functions such as responding to emotions (66%) and cultural awareness (48%). Almost all Guatemalan parents (96%) wanted as many details as possible about their child’s cancer. However, only 67% reported that they were always given the information they needed without asking for it, and most said they sometimes (56%) or always (18%) had questions they wanted to discuss with the doctor but did not. Half of parents (54%) correctly identified their child’s diagnosis, primary site, extent of disease (localized versus metastatic), length of proposed treatment, and treatment intent (curative versus palliative). Parents of children diagnosed with leukemia were more likely to understand all pieces of information than those whose children had solid tumors (p < 0.001). Most parents (76%) preferred to share in decision-making with oncologists. Two-thirds of parents (65%) held their preferred role in decision-making, with fathers more likely to hold their preferred role than mothers (p = 0.02). Reflecting on decisions they had made, 94% of parents strongly agreed they had made the right decisions. However, 17% of parents endorsed feeling that their choices had caused their children harm. Conclusions: Similar to findings from the United States, parents in Guatemala prioritize many aspects of diagnostic communication, especially information exchange, development of healing relationships, and decision-making. Nonetheless, many parents report challenges in information exchange and decision-making, suggesting a need for interventions to support communication processes.
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Poole, Nicole, Brooke Dorsey-Holliman, Leisha Anderson, Sean O’Leary, and Chloe Glaros. "A qualitative study of parent and childcare leadership perspectives on attendance policies at childcare centers." Antimicrobial Stewardship & Healthcare Epidemiology 2, S1 (May 16, 2022): s15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ash.2022.81.
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Background: Attendance policies for common pediatric illnesses vary widely across childcare centers despite nationally published guidelines from the American Academy of Pediatrics. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated this problem, leading to economic loss from parental work absenteeism and excess medicalization of children with common illnesses. We sought to understand barriers to and recommendations for adopting best practices on attendance policies at Early Head Start and Head Start (EHS/HS) childcare centers. Methods: We conducted 19 semistructured qualitative interviews: 9 with childcare leadership and 10 with parents from EHS/HS childcare centers across Colorado. Interviews took place between April and December 2021. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and coded in ATLAS.ti using a priori and emergent coding strategies. Descriptive content analysis was used to identify central themes, which were iteratively revised by 2 authors. Results: We derived 7 convergent and 4 divergent themes from leadership and parents addressing attendance decisions. Overlapping themes on barriers to adopting best practices included difficulty assessing symptom severity, limited medical provider understanding of childcare requirements, parent employment pressures, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on exclusion durations. Leadership and parent perspectives differed on resources utilized, understanding of exclusionary symptoms, and role of medical providers in making attendance decisions. Overlapping themes on recommendations for best practices included access to registered nursing, concrete guidance on symptoms, and partnering with health departments. Leadership and parents agree that the COVID-19 pandemic led to increased guideline use in making attendance decisions and increased rates of excluding children from class for minor illness compared to prepandemic times. Both leadership and parents recommended consistency in exclusion practices, but leadership and parents identified medical providers and childcare leadership, respectively, as current sources of inconsistency. Salient findings showed variability in defining a fever by age from both leadership and parents. Conclusions: Coordination is needed between childcare centers, medical facilities, and health departments to improve attendance decisions for common pediatric illnesses. Future work should (1) develop concrete symptom guidance for parents with specific exclusion criteria (eg, via a decision aid), (2) assess the utility and feasibility of regular classroom access to registered nursing, and (3) advocate for employee protections to care for sick children at home.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None
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Day, Emma, Louise Jones, Richard Langner, and Myra Bluebond-Langner. "Current understanding of decision-making in adolescents with cancer: A narrative systematic review." Palliative Medicine 30, no. 10 (July 10, 2016): 920–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269216316648072.
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Background: Policy guidance and bioethical literature urge the involvement of adolescents in decisions about their healthcare. It is uncertain how roles and expectations of adolescents, parents and healthcare professionals influence decision-making and to what extent this is considered in guidance. Aims: To identify recent empirical research on decision-making regarding care and treatment in adolescent cancer: (1) to synthesise evidence to define the role of adolescents, parents and healthcare professionals in the decision-making process and (2) to identify gaps in research. Design: A narrative systematic review of qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods research. We adopted a textual approach to synthesis, using a theoretical framework of interactionism to interpret findings. Data Sources: The databases MEDLINE, PsycINFO, SCOPUS, EMBASE and CINHAL were searched from 2001 through May 2015 for publications on decision-making for adolescents (13–19 years) with cancer. Results: Twenty-eight articles were identified. Adolescents and parents initially find it difficult to participate in decision-making due to a lack of options in the face of protocol-driven care. Parent and adolescent preferences for information and response to loss of control vary between individuals and over time. No studies indicate parental or adolescent preference for a high degree of independence in decision-making. Conclusion: Striving to make parents and adolescents fully informed or urge them towards more independence than they prefer may add to distress and confusion. This may interfere with their ability to participate in their preferred way in decisions about care and treatment. Future research should include analysis of on-ground interactions among parents, adolescents and clinicians across the trajectory.
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Mulyawan, Agusanto, Jehan Nabilah, Silvia Irawan, and Jony Oktavian Haryanto. "Understanding the 4th market of children as consumer." International Journal of Business Studies 6, no. 2 (July 1, 2022): 182–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.32924/ijbs.v6i2.239.
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There are some aspects that can impact a consumer's purchase decision. Before purchasing a product or using a service, a consumer will examine a number of things. In addition to this study, there is an unconscious behaviour carried out by a consumer before making a decision. According to the previous studies, there is still a lack of research into children as a future market or the factors that impact parents' purchase decisions for their children. Twenty participants were subjected to a series of directed in-depth interviews, which were grouped by gender (male and female) and income (middle low and middle up). This research has been conducted between October 2021 and January 2022. Researchers discovered that the higher a parent's income is, the more thoughts they have before purchasing goods or services, and the higher a parent's educational level is, the more considerations they have before purchasing goods or services. Before purchasing products or services, parents think about their children's health, safety, comfort, and educational value of the goods or services.
Keywords: children behaviour; parents’ purchase decision; unconscious behaviour.
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Boneau, Rebecca D., Brian K. Richardson, and Joseph McGlynn. "“We Are a Football Family”: Making Sense of Parents’ Decisions to Allow Their Children to Play Tackle Football." Communication & Sport 8, no. 1 (December 19, 2018): 26–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2167479518816104.
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Parents of middle school–aged children face a true dilemma as they consider whether to allow their children to play tackle football. The sport is cited as one that fosters a number of intangible benefits but is increasingly mentioned as dangerous for youth participants. This study employed a sensemaking theory framework to explore the family, community, and media dynamics that influence how parents made sense of their football decisions. We interviewed 12 married couples about their decisions allowing their child to play middle school football. Results indicate parents were affected by family identities, community and social influences, and information sources in their football decisions. We developed a typology describing three parental approaches to the football decision: the football-first family, the safety-first family, and the laissez-faire family. We drew connections between family type, decision agency, and risk assessment for the pro-football decision. To conclude, we offer theoretical and practical implications related to this key parental decision.
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Cassie, Kimberly. "Factors Associated with Attachment and Care Decisions." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 1003–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.3600.
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Abstract It is widely accepted that remaining in the community for as long as possible is preferable to placement in a care facility. For many, this can only be realized with the support of a family caregiver. Previous research on the relationship between attachment and caregiving decisions is sparse, but tends to suggest there is a relationship between attachment and the decision to assume caregiving responsibilities, but more information is needed to better understand this unique relationship. This exploratory research seeks to address gaps in our understanding by asking is attachment related to the decision to care for a parent and what factors are associated with attachment. A convenience sample of 128 individuals caring for older parents was surveyed to answer these questions. Results indicate lower attachment related avoidance was associated with greater odds of caring for a recipient in the community rather than placing the recipient in a care facility. No relationship between attachment related anxiety and placement decisions was observed. Additionally, greater levels of attachment related avoidance were observed among caregivers reporting lower levels of filial responsibility, more adverse childhood experiences, less perceived support, and greater financial stability. Findings from this study can be used to support the development of interventions to strengthen attachment between adult children and their parents before care decisions are necessary.
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Chiang, Ellen Dias De Oliveira, Misha L. Baker, Daniella Figueroa-Downing, Maria Luiza Baggio, Luisa Villa, Jose Eluf Neto, Craig Hadley, Robert A. Bednarczyk, and Dabney P. Evans. "“THOSE WHO LOVE, VACCINATE”: PARENTAL PERCEPTIONS OF HPV VACCINATION." Journal of Human Growth and Development 25, no. 3 (October 25, 2015): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.7322/jhgd.106013.
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Introduction: In March 2014, Brazil began its national HPV immunization campaign targeting girls ages 9-13. Objective: Describe determinants of parental decisions to vaccinate their daughters against HPV.Method: In this qualitative study, thirty semi-structured interviews were conducted at five health posts in São Paulo, Brazil. Interview questions explored parental opinions of disease prevention methods, vaccines in general, and the HPV vaccine. Interviews were analyzed using grounded theory. Results: Overall, parental knowledge about HPV and the vaccine was low, yet most eligible daughters had been vaccinated. Parents perceived the HPV vaccine to be normal, preventative, and protective. Parents viewed themselves as accountable for their children’s health, and saw the vaccine as a parenting tool for indirect control. Trust in healthcare professionals and an awareness of the dangers of “nowadays” (uncertainties regarding disease and sexual behavior) were also important in vaccine decision-making. These factors held more explanatory power for decisions to vaccinate than parental knowledge levels. This was the first study to qualitatively examine the perception of publically provided HPV vaccination among parents with eligible daughters in Brazil. The findings help interpret the greater than 90% coverage for the first HPV vaccine dose in Brazil. The results indicate that attempts to understand, maintain, or modify vaccination rates require the consideration of context specific factors, which influence both parent perspectives and vaccination decisions. Conclusion: HPV knowledge levels are not predictive of parental decisions to vaccinate daughters. Context specific factors from the sociocultural dimensions of parenting, sexuality, gender, and the healthcare system are more influential in vaccine decision-making.
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Tait, Alan R., Terri Voepel-Lewis, and Shobha Malviya. "Participation of Children in Clinical Research." Anesthesiology 99, no. 4 (October 1, 2003): 819–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200310000-00012.
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Background Given the initiatives of the National Institutes of Health and other agencies to include children in research, it is important to understand the factors that influence their participation. This study was designed to identify factors that influence parents' decisions to consent to their child's participation in clinical research. Methods This survey study consisted of 505 parents who had been approached for permission to allow their child to participate in a clinical anesthesia or surgery study at a large tertiary care children's hospital. Regardless of whether the parents consented to (consenters, n = 411), or declined (nonconsenters, n = 94) their child's participation in a study, they were offered the opportunity to complete a questionnaire eliciting information regarding factors that had influenced their decision. Results Consenters exhibited less uncertainty in their decision making, were more trusting of the medical system, had greater understanding of the research, and believed that the environment in which consent was sought was less pressured than nonconsenters. Predictors of consent included low perceived risk, degree to which the parent read the consent document, characteristics of the consent document, parental understanding, perceived importance of the study, and perceived benefits. Conclusions Identification of factors that influence parents' decisions to allow their child to participate in a clinical research study will be important by way of developing strategies to improve the manner in which study information is disclosed and to ensure that parents are truly informed.
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Daulay, Leni Agustina, and Aida Fitri. "Pengaruh Penerapan Syariat Islam Sebagai Preferensi Orang Tua di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah dalam Memilih Lembaga Pendidikan Formal (Study Deskriptif Komparatif: Sekolah Umum, Madrasah dan Pesantren)." BELAJEA: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 4, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.29240/belajea.v4i1.730.
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This research aims to know the influence of the application of the Shariah as the preferences of older people in Central Aceh in choosing formal education instutions. This research is quantitative descriptive research. The results of this research show that the factor knowledge of parents reagarding Islamic Jurisrudence and its application as well as economic, educational background of parents dealing with the positive decision of the parents send the children in public school, boarding schools and madrasah in Central Aceh. The next factor is the parents knowledge about Islamic Jurisrudence and its application as well as economic, educational background of parents can explain its effect on the dependent variable i.e. decisions parents send children in public school, boarding schools and madrasah. Based on the test silmutaneously demonstrated knowledge factors parents regarding Islamic Jurisrudence and its application as well as educational background, economically significant influential parents against decisions parents send children in public school, boarding schools and madrasah in Central Aceh. Then test the partial basis for each variable that is knowledge og the elderly on Islamic Jurisrudence and its application as well as educational background, economically significant influential parents against decisions parents send children at public school, boarding schools and madrasah in Central Aceh.
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Camplair, Christopher W., Arnold L. Stolberg, and Everett L. Worthington. "Influencers in Child Custody Decisions." Journal of Pastoral Care 41, no. 3 (September 1987): 259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002234098704100309.
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Reports on a questionnaire survey of legally divorced parents about how their child custody decisions were made. Types of influences identified were those who helped parents make decisions and those who supported them while they made their decisions. Concludes from statistical analyses that close friends, family, and clergy generally provide emotional support whereas attorneys and other professionals are more instrumental in helping parents make decisions. Highlights the effective role that friends, family, and clergy play in providing social support during times of family crisis.
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Lotz, Julia Desiree, Ralf J. Jox, Christine Meurer, Gian Domenico Borasio, and Monika Führer. "Medical indication regarding life-sustaining treatment for children: Focus groups with clinicians." Palliative Medicine 30, no. 10 (July 10, 2016): 960–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269216316628422.
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Background: Decisions about medical indication are a relevant problem in pediatrics. Difficulties arise from the high prognostic uncertainty, the decisional incapacity of many children, the importance of the family, and conflicts with parents. The objectivity of judgments about medical indication has been questioned. Yet, little is known about the factors pediatricians actually include in their decisions. Aim: Our aims were to investigate which factors pediatricians apply in deciding about medical indication, and how they manage conflicts with parents. Design: We performed a qualitative focus group study with experienced pediatricians. The transcripts were subjected to qualitative content analysis. Setting/participants: We conducted three focus groups with pediatricians from different specialties caring for severely ill children/adolescents. They discussed life-sustaining treatment in two case scenarios that varied according to diagnosis, age, and gender. Results: The decisions about medical indication were based on considerations relating to the individual patient, to the family, and to other patients. Individual patient factors included clinical aspects and benefit–burden considerations. Physicians’ individual views and feelings influenced their decision-making. Different factors were applied or weighed differently in the two cases. In case of conflict with parents, physicians preferred solutions aimed at establishing consensus. Conclusion: The pediatricians defined medical indication on a case-by-case basis and were influenced by emotional reasoning. In contrast to prevailing ethico-legal principles, they included the interests of other persons in their decisions. Decision-making strategies should incorporate explicit discussions of social aspects and physicians’ feelings to improve the transparency of the decision-making process and reduce bias.